The New York Herald Newspaper, July 29, 1863, Page 1

THE NEW YORK HERALD. WHOLE NO. 9812. NEW YORK, WEDNESDAY, JULY 29, 1863. FUTERESTING FROM GRANT'S Al MY. The Rebels Retreat from Jack- son, Mississippi. The City in Possession of Our Troops. JOKKSTON WILL NOT FIGHT. FUGITIVE ABMY BREAKING UP, JOE THE CAMPAIGN CLOSED, ery ery he. Mr. Charlies H. Farrell’s Despatch. Jacuson, Miss, July 18, 1963. ‘The campaign on the Mississippi isended. If there were any doubts of the fuct after the capture of Vicks- burg, those doubts muy now be dispelled by the recent tncontinent flight of the rebel General Johnston and his fugitive army from beforéeyr army near Jackson, Missiesippi, and the surrender of the capital of that State to Major General Grant’s veteran soldiers. THR EVACUATION, ‘The evacuation was commenced by the rebels at dusk on tho evening of the 16th inst. In the afternoon of that day the Ninth army corps (le’t wing), Major General John 8. Parke, recetved orders from General Sherman to con- @nse their lines by approaching four hundred yards mearer the rebel works from the line they then occupied. The movement was commenced, eed our skirmishers, who were s# short dis- tance from the attacking column, were soon engaging ‘the rebel pickets. The rebels on that flank soon cempre- bended our movement, and sent out a strong body of twoops to repel our advance. Ina few minutes the mus- etry fire increased, aud in twenty minutes there was a Serrifc roar of musketry and artillery. The movement of General Parke received somo support from the Fifteenth sorps (centre), Major General Stele, which kept up a @iagonal fireon the enemy. The engaging parties were | boon enveloped in amoko, and for a time it was a problem which side was gaining ground. After three-fourths of an bour the matter was clearly decided, our troops baving at taired the objective point, and the rebels were driven buck @efeated, leaving hundreds of their dead and wounded on the field. After this there was a votal cossation of firing on both sides. At dusk one of the rebel rogimental bands | Took » position in one of the salionts of their works and | regaled our troops by playing the ‘Bonnie Blue Wleg,” “My Maryland,” ‘Dixie’s Land,” and all | the other plagiarized airs which they have adopted as | wational tunes. During the night of the 16th inst. tran- quillity reigned throughout the camps. Early on the morning of the 17th inst. our advance pickets of the Phirteenth corps discovered that the rebel pickets had ‘been withdrawn during the night; and,on looking towards ‘the rebel works, everything indicated that “ fighting Joe Johnston” and his army had left for more congenial parts. The news was communicated to Major General Ord, commanding the right wing, by Brigadier General Hovey, who held a position nearer to that of the rebels than any of our other generals, In turn the news was sent to General Sherman, commanding the expedition. Measures were subsequently adopted to take immediate possession of the city. ‘WHAT OUR TROOPS DID. ‘The news of the evacuation spread among the camps ‘with telegrapbio speed. Notwithstanding the orders from the general officer for the troops to rémain in their camps, @ar men went threagh our lines across the open field and | $nto the rebel works, and from there into Jackson. Your | Serrenpendent followed in the wake of the irregular | quads of troops to note proceedings. As our men would | reach private dwelling “houses they would enter them, ‘and in a short time scenes of the most unmitigated plan- @ering Wook place. Stores were broken open and their sontents seized and appropriated. On every hand the | ‘wikiest confusion prevailed and continued for an hour or | more until the arrival of Major General Biair’s division of | tho Fifteenth corps, which took official possession of the sity. Strong patrol guards were gent about the city to arrest stragglers, and in a short time the ceenes I have | Briefly described were brought to a close. } GPNRRAL BLAIR'S HEADQUARTERS. General Biair established his headquarters at the Governor’s house, from which place be promulgated orders, and afforded the few remaining inhabitants of the Place all the protection within his power. In this he waa wueceraful after his orders got into operation, and by one | e@’clock im the day order reigned supreme. , { APPRARANGE OF THE CITY. | Tt would beggar description to attempt to portray the Appearance of Jackson after the rebels retreated. Des- | Sraction was visible on all bands. Our own army, on Xs | ‘Grst visit to Jackson, destroyed much valuable property; and, to complete the catalogue, the rebels burned up fifty | or sixty butidiogs om the strect fronting the Capito!,on | the ground of military necessity, to accomplish the des. | fruction of large quantities of army stores which they swete not mble to transport in their retreat. The day was sultry, scarecly a current of fresh air being fok, and | the smoke from the rains of the fires coursed along ‘rough the principal streete, making a trip through ‘the city doeidedly uncomfortable. THR CAUSE OF THR RIOwL HaTREAT. ‘What excnse Joe Johnston can advaneo in mitigation of his retreat our generals cannot divine. Hie certainly ‘Bad advantage of position behind strong fortifications, | and in numerical strength, according to rebel accounts, | he was our equal. It is presumed, however, that Jon. @ton, like the other rebel generals, bas an aptness and fertility of brain auificiaat to make one more of those visionary reports, magnifying bis cowardly conduct lato @ masterly retreat, Some of the rebel deserters allege ‘that Johnston never intended to give ws battio at Jackson. After the movements of our army at Vicksburg, eod he got porsesstom of the city, he commenced eccumulating stores and treops, intending to make that placo his base against the roar of General Grant's arm7, ona the fortifications were merely Born ep & renter the place dofensibic ghonid be meet witha roverse in his attempt to succor Pemberton’s arpy at Vieksborg. This storyseoms plau- Bible, 1k wee thooght by seme of our geverals that Johnston, lear: ing, a# be no doubt had, of the continued eatalocne of rebel reverse at Vicksburg, Port Hudson, Helena and in Penveylvania, felt the importance of the fhour, and when the opportunity offered would make one Dold Napoleonic attempt to reeuscitate the falling for. tenon of the confederacy by giving ws battle at Jackson, | te which event, if muccessful, he would leaveone peg upon ‘which to hang a hope for the deluded peopic of the South, THe RENE” FOUTIPICATIONS. For nearly two months the rebels worked gight and Gay \o fortify Jackson. Fortifications aod pits arcee as if by Magic, These works extended over » front of two miles. Every advantage wae taken of doe ography of the ground, and every convergent road to the city wae covered by ertiliery. in front of these ‘works and (or one fourth of @ milo from their fronta | strong aud imps.sabls abattis was formed by falling trees, Placed tn such @ manner az to render the approach to the ‘works by «0 opposmg army a matter of imponsibility, AR attempt to charge these works by our trospe would Rave deen coriaia defeat, if not annihilation, to our gal. | Jant army. Again, thees obstructions adored a cover to the real nature of the rebel works, and 80 complete was MEADE’S AND LEE’S FIELD OF OPERATIONS. Scene of the Present Movements of the Union and Rebel Armies in Virginia. UVINAS Copa Corl SVE with bim from South Carolina, many of them of the «peat blood,” as a prisoner stated, of the Palmetto Stite, whose motto was “No surrender.’ What a sorry fatlure they made of it! RATLROAUS TO we DRXTROTED. After our army bad taken possession of Jackson strong detachments of troops, isfantry, cavalry snd arillery, wore sent out on ail the saflroads diverging from the city, with orders to tear mp the track, destroy the bridges, culverts, depots and water tanks within a radius of (ifteen miles. As 1 close thir letter theartiliery of some of our advanced troops s heard in the distance. The rebels had pearly completed the ratiroad bridge, destroyed by oar troops in May last,aeroge the Pearl river, neat Jacksea. ‘This also is to be destroyed. REBEL BURIAL CROT YDS. Nearly every cligibie or flat piece of land in aud around Jackson has been taken as rebel burial grounds. From the thousands of graves your correspondent saw tn his inepection of the city, the inferemce i# that the mortality in tho rebel army from May unt our troops repos feened the city must have been very iurge, Some of the graves are graced with marble slabs; bot the majority had pinin head boards, giving the ago, date and day of the decearet. Ren PROVER*® COMTNG COMPU OOR Lim. Rebel prisoners wy hundreds from Jounston’s fngitive army are coming in and giving themselves up as prison. ers of war, They gtate their belief that the confederacy je afaiinre and the rebel leaders a cliqne of ambitibus, intriguing kaaves. They declare that the war wna inan- gurated by a fow selfiah politicians, and that the people were dragged into it. They state that the Unjou sensi ment is in the minds of many of the people of the South; but they dare net express it, and are biding their time, hoping and pray'ing they may s00n be liberated from the heavy yoke of Jefferson Davis and his followers wins JOUNHTON HAY GONE. of cometare where Jobneton aud his ting to, When he left Jackeon he ook hee army are | the raitroad route & Mobile. But this was probably | dowe to mislead oar generain. It ie goners'ly believed that bis army has gone wo reinforce Bragg's army, aed that, if enccemful in © battle with Rosecrans, they will return to Mississippi im force and attempt to regain their quantities of artillery and musket emmavition. The tor was of first quality, of Raglish and Austrian manv- | facture. Among the different qualities of smali ammun!- | tion was the expansive, explosive Minie od Om” | buck and bell cartridges. The artillery ae | nearly a)! mannfactured at the Augusta (Ga) Arsenal We captured some twenty or thirty railroad cars sod other railroad equipmenta of no prosent ase to the army, ag the railroads, rajiroad bridges, culverts, water te kx and depots have all been destroyed over an area of ff teen miles from Jackson. The damage thas done wl! amoant to at jaast two millions of dotiars, and should wo evacuate the place the rebels could not rebuild the roads | destroyed at any price, as the material is not in the on federacy lat. | JORNSION'S PUGIYR ARMY | General Johnston's army, if we are to believe the x0 counts of deserters who left him after the retreat from Jackson, is an army of fugitives. From them | iearn that | when they were informed of the intention of the Com manding General & retreat a shoet, of joy went ap throughout the rebel carpe. The experience they had had in the few days our army was in fromt of their pos! | tion, and the constant and accurate “ire, both from arti! lery and masketry, convinced them thas, with the prow tige of victory on our side and the deaponaing effect of defeat on theirs, further resistance would be useless. | Added to this there wore many rebel troops who had | never been under fire, Incladed among them were ten regiments from South Carolina, and several regiments of extemporised troops, composed of the extrema— men over age fur military purpeesr and lade | under age In the latter there wag no ‘ino! | pline—nothing but the verriest rabbie—.nd when our abeli would strike in their camps they would run | panic stricken to thelr caves, which they bat judicious ly dag im the ground. On one occasion the'r fright came pear spreading a panic throughout the whole of Jolinstun's army. = ree weacucem. ‘There was one thing to which my attention was ealled during my brief peregrination in Jackson which i# worthy at least & parming notice, My attention was called to it by am inbabitent of that city, It ie prima favia evidence of the «harscter of the one’ to cs ) known | dnet of our Union generals. roope to Jackson, except General Sherman, estab. | | tiebed bi | warm about twenty feet to the rear of this cave, when the | doughty gouora! lost his “equilibriam and called for an extra gine of whiskey and water. General Johnston bad the cunning to make his headquarters a short distanos from the troop camp, so Unat his conduct might not be } But a secession prirongy says the matter got brujted about among the robe! pe and acquired for the cowardly general the soutriguet of “Cave Jobnaton.” What a contrast this fact presents in referenee to the con Each of thore who went with the headquarters within point blank range of the batterers, where she® and ball pared incenmantiy enemy's | night and day; and yet the} made no attempt nor did they seem desirous to aiford themselves any shelter from rebel shot except that afforded by our own slender fort PROVIUENTIAL BIOWERS lo « previous letter I wrote of the perfidiousness of the rebels in destroying the welle on the appreach of oor army towards Jackson , and their poisoning the ponds sod other sources of water supply by throw ing Une carcastes cad animals in them, The matter at first looked very olng our army, a8 the weather was opprossively ‘The designe of Joe Johnston ond the wayr of providence were divergent in this matter, and for two days fter our arrival in frent of Jackson colour aluyw ers ain fell, the creeks were swollen, wetls filet, sod water waa afforded our troops in abundance OOK momerrTALA ta matter of congratalation to every loyal citinen to know that oor sick men an caret (or, This subject has commanded my atienties #\nce my arrival in the department, sod what | amert om the eo)ect T have learned experimentally. All the fine maa. | son to the vicinity of Vicksburg and thove in the vietn ty of Jackson have been taken as bowpitale, Many of these houses are very capacious and their riley enonen for eligibility aod health{ulner. These howpitals are not crow sed #0 aa W reader patients uncomfortable. The bert of medical attendance, and pleoty of \t, te always at hand. Medicines are plenty, and the Werters Han)- tary © furnishes an struntance of dolearie 9 toe |, Preerved frais, shirts and ctothing Wir Dow’? mE Come pown? This question @ quite genersi umemg tbe trowpe end oviginated amowg them as they passed Jefierme [avis plantation, Gear Driervifie, Mins.. on thelr march Jeckeon, apd refers w the bogee President (ur troops bed Beard of the bed tuck of the rebels, snd thovgbt thee Jef, suffering ander cefeate and @ chrosic sethaetic stack, ought to be willing to give ap bu peiitecal gheet end retern to his “home sod * enjoy the protection of loys! Union soitiers = Bhowid Jef, go home be will Gnd bis things there somewhat Cmarrenget, Hie Worary, once filet with me et aed Somers voteme, © om at Th hee ben Getrihetet sere or 6m — - WASHING YOM KUMCT! ‘4 ) TT: Bh vvy RANCH ponLuew Sy, thit many of the books are being read im ern States. Fis collection of political and priv has also been distributed among the troops aud afiurds « | fund of exeelient camp literature employed to have anewered one half of fe re { esived al) kinds of correaponienen lady writing about old times when Jef! wana boy, tho |, Goring paragraph asking for the apprintment of a friend | i some of the romental departments, (hog, ogan, young man a of political atvice, and a Leafy Leeted traitor discusses socennion and the beat way to atiain it. This corremponiepee received tome attention frem Jeff for ou all ef them wre endoreed the nature « the letter were warked ‘onswered”’ and others not CORWEAL LAWLER, The GARTRALDN OF TE WReT Ainong the catebrated and yrominent ooars of Ceaeral Grant's army is Brigadier Covers! Lawler, or, as he kne pong bin troope, ‘the check ehirt general, and by others ax the Garibeid! of the Weat.” Geveral Lawler ie from Ulineis, where.he owns an extensive term, from whieh, by bir } y s* 20 agricuituritt, be bee at tained a porition of opulence. When the rebellion droke the field, and musing on the mat sou out be was at work ter, while following hin plough, be determiand to give his personel services to the governisent He rained a regir { troops, end subeequentiy wee elevated tor maw ervices to bin peement rem roorewotative of the “ evten tn height, evita proper tom and is shows fifty years * fal Genera! Lawier & former. Ie is mearly ot weighs uver (wo banare mt ange” to bie y polio be erchews ad csten too, Inthe amp be wears oo ordinary cuit of blue tannel, hi re tucked into hie bots, and | white fone thaw mo tnwighin indiatrve of rack | except & gold cont on bin.bat, Aes toltier he stands well ino Lappy convernat {sod homorint, and ano dient | plinarian fe etrict. Sle lax served tm all the bedtiew 08 the Mien yy owe mon | From Way t > the capture ot Suckaon Gan Granta Ph petro Salim dren senegal te witht Usal time seven buply comtmeted bettinn, a1 the | oor arene mmers are counted by thousands Uut the crowning eveet i i i E i | No change to efeire w day From the magnitude | of this correspondence Jeff. raust bave bad bis tiwe moot | one in from an oid | trop teen of thewe teetion in armas amd prt. | PRICE THRE E CENTS between Brandon and Jackson. They barned the depot at the latter place lant night, Grant is preparing to fall back, a# there is no water im bin fromt, y has gone into permanent camp at Ptroug river, Grant \a reported shipping troops down the Missiasipp for the purpose of attecking Mobile, Lieutenant General Hardee bas arrived and taken com mand under Genesa! Johurton. Pemberim’s corps with te organised immedtally and placed in the field. Dee) THE ARMY OF THE POTOMAC. | Movements of the Rebels in Virginia, DEMORALIZATION OF LEE’S ARMY. Defection of General Joe Johnston, His Refusal to Obey the Orders of Jeff. Davis. A GLOOMY PERIOD FOR THE “CONF RDERACY.” The Brilliant Achievemeuts of the Union Cavalry, Rew ae, Re Wasmixarow, July 28, 1868, According to information received wo-day, the report is now fully confirmed that the corpa of General Loo's army under Longatreet, Hill and Ewell, passod through Chester Gap on Tharsday and Friday, and are pow at-aud south of Culpepper. The passage of the rebela was opposed by Buford’s cavalry; but he was compelled fall back. Baford, however, hung upon the rebel rear and captured many prisoners and the herds heretofore mentioned, Longatreet’s corpa passed through Oulpepper ou Friday, and camped that night south of the town. All the available rolling stock of the Virginia railroada was concentraged at Culpepper, and it was generally Ahonght that Gen. Loe was making all posnible epecd for Richmond, but General Buford thinks that the rebels in- | tend to make a stand on the south side of tha Rayidan. Ewell’s wagon train, with» stroug guard, went south from Strasburg, by way of Staunton, to avoid capture by our cavairy. Our cavalry during the entire Inst campagin signalized itaclf by a degree of energy and daring never surpassed, | Rodel prisoners of invelligence unite in saying that our cavairy bas done more to defeat General Leo's plans thap | any other arm of the service, Stuart's legions now fear | to encounter our cavalrymen; or, at all cvents, they do | not court an encounter, | Rebel prisoners and refugees are unanimous in the | statement Unat the morale of the rebel army in Viegisis js browen, end that great despondency prevails im afl | Southern circles, and particularly in the army. | Tho defeats of the rebels in the Southweat, at Gettye | burg and at Morris Island, have at last convineed the | rebel soldtery of their vulnerability. Further, that General Loo’ plane, supported by the | flower of the Soathern troops, having proved failures, by the energy of General Meade and the bravery and cud | vance of the Army'0( the Potomac, will necessitate the | reomatruction of the rebel army of Virginia, while the | defection of General Joe Johnaton and his refusal to obey | the orders of Jeff, Daviagwill compel a reconstruction of the rebel army of the Houth weet Intolligent rebel officers now In our hands edmit that this 19 the most gloomy period for Uke hopes of the “cam feds raoy.”” The guerillas under Mosby, White and others ines our rear, and pick up of kill ei: who siraggie behind. | An outrage ocourred yeaterday which has aroused fool toys of retaliation to the army. A lieutenant of the | focon4 Peaneyivania cavairy, Aired Byles, went from | Warrenton, two miles ont om the Salem road, to dine with a lady scquaintancs from thet Mtate, While making his toilet the house wae on tered by five or six guerillas, who demanded bis eurrenier. fe refused, and for this was immediately khot twice through the head, killing him imwamtiy. | Tureats are frosty made that on the repetition of mach | oatrages afl the houses, stock and produce in the vielnity | atull be confiscated or barued, snd the perpetrators, if caught, banged on the poarent (reo) Mr. George H, ft On THe Warrananeoce, July 27, 1863. A Thien fores now ceoapies the north tank of the Rap pabannock river, pear the Mtation, The fortifications reeled by General Pope serve lo screen our picke's [ron the enemy's cbvervation. Their plexets, mounted snd temownted, are in plain view, and cavmiry patrol their beats within abort carbine range (oe of them defantly come today within easy pitol range, but pone of our | mee even pointed « weapan towards him oné he petiwed | The river at this point ls ect bow fordatle for « large ' foree, although would be pombe for « email bety of exvalry (0 creme. tw lated by rebel prisoners thet Beart ne bonger commands tbe rebel eavatry, bal bar beow ssmigned ty an | totmntry corpe, and has boon roeeeeded lu the cavalry by Viithugh Loe | Anticipated Movements of General Lee. Wawa xerom, July Oh, We HK ® wtaled by secession sympathiners im thin euy, opually 6!) informed in regard Wo reo! movements, hat General Leo's army ie Ww resccopy ile termer paniiow fouth of the Kappakanncok at Frederikeberg. There reason to believe thal the govermment apticwated euch « movement of the rebel f ‘The dertroction of what remained of (he wharves and boldings at Age hroe Gaye age, UY Lhe rebele, We anetber ervience of Une Jeter ication set watevidently etended \ eabarran we mock af pomibic the recntabliahwemt of the base of sapylee at that pines. Lieutenant Sherwood, of the Twelfth Pens cavalry, bas Deen Sored, ant hes accepted, the ontonniey Le Dew Peylinent now being ramed in Western - “— Yor Mr. Hrady, photograghiat, of your elty, hae just yeturm oA Crom m preteneted yieit to Cut battle grownde of Getnye wore te mys Chaat the wounded are all cader thelr, bot thet there ta yet some want of rergees amt boreee Hin socwunss agree With Unewe of reunions aad ethers, that ows lous te very mach greater (han iret news hed it | and the fact may have had something to 6o with the renee tea pe cotmmmacders agacet attacking Law ly the eiberw of the Potcmmec f the o im Washinaton. Wimenotes, July 24, 1808 Feobels reemmtly captored im Virginia, arrived here W-dey Atom Vem are eght | tices, of whenn «captain wat caphared at Viekeburg | cog parvind, bat who et violated Win wend ant wan again fons (0 the servion, arena stl eyaigaped. Moms of | coewe premmars are anixloae to take the onily of alle inure et large miieasy premne wre te ba tmmetisialy on Triad "ms sh Posh Looksmah, MAL, Sod the wale st Hebel Prisoner Une Wantret end forty fr ee | Hote tala, Me Mi | pate of Twe Milliem Dellars’ Werth of Government Nonds in One Day Penson, Joly BME Jey Cocke, the tubacriyhte Agent, reparts the sale of $2 Peo BO) Bveawenti@ ot (Re vertim agence doy | Deteveries of bonds are being mate to Jeiy #, inatusive Cocmmun, Ld Morgne, Covad Cluke set er nblet cine tare at SBT cacten ‘The eocmy boety omanaet ™ touring wp the track | the otty peten.