The New York Herald Newspaper, July 30, 1863, Page 1

THE NEW WHOLE NO. 9813. NEW YORK, THURSDAY, JULY 30, 1863. YORK HERALD PRICE T HREE CENTS THE NEW EMPIRE OF MEXICO. THE NEW EMPIRE OF MEXICO. Its Extent, Physical Features and Climate. Agricultural and Mineral Products, Man- afactures and Finances. AREA AND POPULATION. SKETCH OF SONORA, THE ISTHMUS «OF = TEHUANTEPEC. THE TRIPARTITE . ALLIANCE. VIEWS OF THE SOUTHERN JOURNALS ac, &e., &e. Once again, after an interval of forty years, we have an tanperial neighbor on our Western frontier. Mexico, after beimg a Spanish colony, ap infant empire under Iturbide, a republic on the mode! of the United States, a dictator. ship under Senta Anne, and an anarchy ail the time, be- eomes ence again, under the political manceuverings of Louis Napoleon, ab empire, thoagh as yet without a ruler. The map which we publieh to day will facilitate our read. ere in comprehending the bearing of thie highly important movement on the part of the French government. BAYENT, PHYSICAL FRATCRES AXD CLIMATE. ‘The Hew Empire of Mexico is bounded along its entire porthern limit by the United States, the Rio Grande de} Morte being the dividing line on the Texan frontier, while the Jine that was established under the terms of the Gada- den treaty separates it from California, New Mexico and Arizona. Ite soulbern point trends down into Central America, including the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, and its whole territorial extent i@ embraced between the waiers of the Quif of Mexico om the east and of the Pacific Ucean en the weet. Ip its greatert length it measures one thou wand wine hundred and eighty seven miles, and in ite qreatert breadth ove thovwand one hondred and twenty eight miles, compriving an area of eight bundred asd twenty nice thousand pine hundred and sixteen Regliab equnre miles Tue frontier measures eight thourand one Dundred acd twelve salles, of whielf fve thousand eight Readred and thirty milan if een const, Th ie traversed throughout ite whole length by an immenre range of mountains eniled the Cordillerss, rome of the highest perks cf which rine to an ele Of between seventeen md dightecn thoosaud fect above (he level of the ea. That of Popocateper! if at an cl@vatiw of 17,796 feet, Guirave 17,286 foot, avd Yxtaceimuatl 15,700 feet. These are nil active volcanoes, Owing to thie mouptaisons for | mavon the country ie divided ito (bree well defined belus | or cote of climate, The lands lying slong the coasts, and Ap 10 AP slevation of two thoarand feet, are called te | Gry -08 colentes, oF DOL Tegion, where the wean vempern Gare in seventy-seven degrees Fahrenieit Tas | | | Bc! 06m 00 wUReT, COLtED, indign, Lanaans, ke fourm. Ibe veg on from two thousand to five thourand feet ele: Me kcown a6 the ervas templadas siguilying @ temp alienate, where (be mean Wemperntore threughoul ibe year fe from vinty eight t Seventy depress Falirenteit. The rest of the region, from om elevation of five Bovennd feos le he oe Ft vertetnnt enemy EL PAzod tions of the vomito and yellow fever, still the climate may be regarded on the whole as favorable to buman iife, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS. The cotton plant ie indigenous to the soil. The Mexicans, at the time of the Spanish invasion under Cortez, posscaned the art of spinning cotton to s very high degree of fineness, and of imparting to it beautiful and brilliant colors—arts which bave since bees lost—apd cotton fabrica then formed almost the onty fabric for clothing. The average yield im inte years bas been set down at seven millions of pounds; and of course, under an improved system of society, that product is capable of ‘an indefinite expansion. ‘The other principal agriculteral products are coffee, tobacoo, indigo, vanilla, jalap, cochineal, flax and bemp. The export of cochineal amounts to a million dollars annually. There i# also a large export of dyewoods, vanilla, indigo and coffee, and even some manufactured en ee THE PRECIOUS METALS. But that for which Mexico is chiefly prized is ber vast mineral wealth, There are said to be over one thousand Silver mines in Mexico, yielding an annual product of be tween thirty-Ove and forty millions of dollars. There ave beaiden twenty-five mines of quicksilver, which yield from two bundred and fifty to three hundred thousand pounds weight annually, Gold is also found in conside rable quantities, stated variously at from three ii!lions of dollars upwards. A British gathority sete it down at thirty two milion five har@red theusand; bat that is eidently a mistake. The mines are generally jocated either on the top or on the western slope of the Cord)! lean, They were wrought for ages befor# the Spanish invasion. Gold and silver vases of great valine and beau ty of workmanship were sent back to Spain by the firet conquerors as spoils of war, from and copper are also produced in great abundanes. The great drawback to all this mineral wealth, however, ie the ditieulty of transporting it to (he reaboard, there being neither rail. Toads nor aavigabie rivers in the country, and the only means of transpertation being the backs of mules Under artable government thie obstacle might soon be lessen ed, and one of Lhe earliest enterprises that wii! be net on foot the new regime will be connected ‘WIth factlitating the forwarding of the precious metala to the reavoart MANUPACTURE, Before the inte years of internal and anarchy there was cogeiderable manufactering entbrprise exhibited io Mexico, There were seventy two large cotton factories st work, six large wool. jen ones, A paper mille, four gl fac. tories, and seventy bapd machines for weaving ik, the fotal anmoal valve of mapafactored goods stoownting to Over one handred millions of dollars, This mcnntry, we premnme, has been largely destroyed by the pertiean warfare which bee torn the country in pieces for the last ten years. Bince then no @talisticn have been publiebed. FINANCE, : Ip 1864 the pobite Cebt wan $126 600 000, over one half of which war due to foreigners, The revenue fer lesa sanounted (0 Onty $500 (00—about two-tbirda of the ex penditore—wbile the Feveoue of tbe church wan ver | Gre at BH UO HO The church property bowever, hye of Inte youre D6G@ otutinented. w © the cane of the church party In Meno sitvine Meet io the Freneb AUSTIN well a8 the execution of obligations contracted towards | them by the republic of Mexico, and the Allied Powers | bound themselves not to rock any acquisition of territory, bor apy particular edvantage, and not to exercise ia the internal affairs of Mexico any influence calculated to aflect the right of the Mexican nation freely to choose and constitate their own form of govern- mest, Perphape, as Kogiand and Spain subsequently witbarew their forces from Mexico, Napoleon conceived that be was no longer bound by the stipulations which be had entered into with them. Alihough the very day after the conferences of Orizaba, in consequence of bich tbe Spanish and English contingents were with wo, the same ideas were set forth in a proclamtion insued by the Fremch to the people of Mexico. . It maid — | We bave pot come here to take any part im your die. seusious. We bave come to put an end to . Ww we wish i to summon a'l good men to assist in the | foundation of order and in the jon of this fine country. Noenlightened man will believe that we bave | come with the inteutien of restoring old abuses ai tutions, which are no longer of this age wieh equal | Justice ‘for all, and we wish that that justice shail | Bot be imposed by our arma. The Mexican people ought \ be the prime instrament of te own safety. We need not rebearse the details of the events following the withdrawal of the Spanish and Eugiieh forces. Suifice it to ray that, after an unsuccessful assault on Pacbla, the invaders, One of the fret acts of the inchoate govern ment has been to declare null and void ail proceedings under the act of confiscation. ABZA AND POPULATION. Mexico is made ap of twenty-one States, three Territo- Ties end one federal district, the names, areas and popu lations of which were, in 1860, follows: — Area in Colima (do.) Fesawl detrits orcs Freach army awaited reinforcements, and, under General en — ————— | Forey, besieged and captured Pusbia and marched joto Pe. 440056006 - $20,916 7,651,620 | tue capital, from which Juarez and the Mexican authori The average population to the square mile was about nine and one-fifth. Jt bas not materially changed for ihe ties bad withdrawn, and that there the official form of deciari'g he empire and offering it to the Archduke | last dozen years, |, Maximi(ian, bas been observed. The population js classified thus —Pure whites, about | VIEWS OF THR SOUTHERN JOURNALS, one mitliow; Indians, about four millions. The remaining — From the Richmond Disyaich, July 26 | Mexico it am completaly in the handy of Frauce at this two and s halt millions ote madeup of segross, mestisce, | |.) india wae in the he0de of the English one bundred zambor, mulatioes, quadroons,quinteroons, ko, Of the yo, ago Napoleon ie the master (here—vothing will whites there are two claages—the creoles, persons born ne chat does not will—and everything Le dove. * . * The Frene in Mexico @ qhwe parents, and the gachupines, mative be best neighbors for as id possibly ba Spaniards. Il be compelled Lo Introduce negro Rlavery ther: Mexico contains eighty-five cities ana towns, 193 vil immense resources of lagen, 4,709 bamiets, and 119 reiigious common lier and missions, ry. They will keep abolitionista from sektling Southern frontier We shall «trike wp an im with them, and the two peoples will form a treaty of alliance offensive aad defensive which will ret Lue world at defiance. From the Mobile Register and Advertiser | FRANCK MBLICV. | The news of the sion of the city of Mexico by the }romeh forces. which comes from Sao Francisuo, i | hiehly wmportant If true. If pot yet true it is aa event | SKETCH OF SONORA. ‘The State of Sonora, on which Napoleon ip aaid to have cant & covetous eye, and where he proposes to plant « French colony, lies om the wont coast, the Gulf of California separating it from the territory of Lower California. it in rich im valuable mineral deposite, and its lands are good for agricultural porpores. A great portion of it, bowever, is still in the pomsession of Indians whe are in | A wild and savage condition. The principal seaport is ‘Goayamas, one of the best harbors along the whole Mext can coast, and said to be quite healthy it ie a place, pot pumbering over three thousand johabitanis The town of Petic, about 120 miles north-northeast of Guay amas, OFMLALDE Rome eight (thousand ipbhebiiau'* own A2006Kb AE Well as that of France and Mexien, We pave alwaye regarded (he Freogh movement ja Mexico } ' ! | or. The Mexican netion will be (he immediate ISTHMUS OF TEHUANTErRE. nlc iary OF Ube neecen of Napoleon's arime —|t wilt be nthe Of & Rew life Blox! int. Ube « f on ettete Onteide of bia political views im this exped tion and of bis iden of planting & French colony on | the Gulf of CalHornia and obtaining powmesnon of te rich silver mings of the conntry, one of the most important objec prowably that Napoleot has set bie mood on if the opening of av ner O.eami¢ communication beiween the Alinntic and Sacle | | by plercing the lethmun of Tehuantepes. it w)) be re collected Ubat some years ago he eet on foot or favored a | project to open & cans! serone the Inthimus of Deriee pot | M Folin Belly mismanaged (he thing sed the project war abandoned. Napoleon probably imagines thet be hes the grme in bis Own bands now, but he may find binanit mistaken, a8 & valid grant from the Mexican govern ve ment—onder Ranta Appa, we believe—is bei by Amer enn igen THE TRIPARTITE ALLiaNce. The treaty of Oetoter 81, 166), by «birch Frenee Png ined and Spain eniered pow the experdiicn io Merwe. | piven be & Femee for 1 Ube (met thas thee Powers foond themselves placed. by (he arbiirery ned + —-—o* ee duet of the Menene authori, ie the recrerity of by Fernando cries hee poured t te the worla | Fequn me from Whee athe me & mere eames prem, is KinrR Ot haar fue Mhecreed Rheem of Aotare few fog Ube person dee progeny of ihew tobmcig, qe) pecer be ORD Oe me dorotiene the hare nn arnee have | Cooniry (row Ub a“ worse Tavages 1 a0 ince: Ht will aave @ po se civil war and ten! corruption ways Reid, on, that of ail powible meh mafederkcy Might have on its wewtarn bere, bare the bewt. As between ther and the ¥ nghab or Mer. ane, the ebeiee 7 ma b have twitied w= w Wnayelry ( Vreteh peghborhond ebrrnd ve Hho Ue prnenent We awewer. \o (he words of the Remeraabiy wes Coe intake which [hese Son ther e that oven if the Frouch o py Meticomand if th aw te have a te longer the Preach woud cir weighbors. Nothing f the kind. They » be cot neghbere, We bok the Missinipp! aed « og e weet of HM, and thal region cam never be perm ted Ate ag Whee Conledernte way MERAL FRODOCTIONS AnD organa make i ’ here con’ederm y were thee ResOURCER oF den febate. Joly 16. Dmeper tae | centre OF be prontine sem that country heb wince the CAMPEACHYf ’ y ye rae fee , ae Tt yielded from 1529 to 1852, through enormbus vari Stions, a tote! of nearly twenty thousand phony Ate thousand millions in gold, the whole figuring up as fot ons Nasevuar, Tenn, July 29, 186%, Gold and silver coin struck tm the Mexican | We are permitted to vend you the following fects, et miote...... toss seer se a 13,675 000 | lected here from @ deserter just in from Bragg'* army Articles of gold and sliver fabricated during Tu the fight om Morris Island the rebela eustalned 8 very Francs. this interval of 524 years.......... 4,135 000 00 Silver exported ia Bars oF ingsts wbirb, heavy lows of Killed and wounded—at first reported five though prohibited, bas been estimated ai . veseed pomp aD sity me | bundred, and then reduced to three hundred snd Ofty “| Among the killed i@ Brigadier General Ge eh pescets is eeesese + 1849000, 60 | Colonel Langdod Cheever, Colonel John Hee snd Maer “ae Cong Of silver and goid in | T*. The body of Colomel John Ree i# in Uniew hands, ince 1802" Has it kept witbia the average limit | he other three bad been brought imto Charleston eo mifiion france, which the above tabie would | consternation pervades the city, 80d the women abd chil ave no precise information on that print pat | dren are leaving. Ali free negroes ore being we see ia the official docu before quoted tha actual prodvction of gold ‘pilver is valued at a the service, and the caly bope for Charlie, + friends, ia by the bayonet. dred millions of france. It may be that tbe figures for | NAVIGATION OF THE MISSISSIPPI. Total late years may bave beep increased by certain improve. | ments in wr 0g the mines but we may still estimate | at eight or nine hundred miilions the worth of the pro duct of the ten years from 1863 to 1862. Thie, added to | the total given above, forms nearly the twenty thousand Me millions of francs representing tbe total rote. fr Loum, Jaly 29, 1000 tion of precious metals. This maker abo: tthe of The steamer Imperial, the fret bont from New Oriewos, the otire circulating coin of the wor ich Mir, | Michael Chevsier calculated in 1848 at forty-four “Ti¥ed here thie merning A large crowd of merchants thousand millions, and which Austraiia, California and aod other citizens greeted ber arrival twat Raatern Karsis bave certamiy within the lart thirleee saints was fired in honor of the opening of Ube or fourteen years raised to fifty thowsaed milous. “ : Of the twenty thousand millions thus foraimbed by Mex) The steamer Albert Pierce sailed this cveoing 0, Dearly nine'een (wontietas have been exported » La | Orleans with e large kad of private treiyht ada hte rope and to the United Sates: for the sum Of Metallic | ramenger Viet. The Contisental left yomariay (or tue same port, beay ly iden with government ores cvin now cirowating iM the Mexican States i@ oatimeted At no more thas six hundred millivas of france, and it ie Uhought that there dues uot exist im thal amcieat enn) - Of Montexutne, whee metalic Weaith so @RciLed tie © h comy-erore—thene goid seekers ot | WEWS FROM FORTRESS MONROE, —more than from three to foar | ; dred millioms A the precious metals under the va | rious fortms that industry of art caa give them | Het why stop to epek of the grid Mexico? There is something better f ‘There is for ite material fortune, for ite future © something infiaitely more | um, nee prodactive that is, & moral and political order, whieh, in making Mexico rise (rom the alonemens ale ate bas Ree mona—All © Savannah Capa- » or ™ Armes Enrotied tor the City’s Defence, Me. Youre Mownar Ju The fing of troce steamer New York ser) Pout last evening io charge of Capitan Drings no priemers, Ry her we have received Robe od papers We the 27th The propalion United Maton arrived bere this fire with one hundred and Gry four rebel pr | wore samt to Fort Norton mie loft Lo vegetate since the declaration of her indepemden« | by ber admiowtration ivered from her internal weet the fruit of the mineral and hich Vrovidence bas been pleased 1 coustry a future bond of (be between (he two oceems moet | The etcamer New Yoru left tere “ ¢ payee The following are extracts (rom ibe i . sof His Surrende Leal " Gacmaan, July 29,1963 | tye Fayetevillo (N.C) Chere ‘ The following information wae reoeived at bemdquarters | Morya, } wr the Tele A a wine the Colonel Pegrate, with between Ditiren bon fred and two | y creened the Comberiant river day ortwo | uo the v oot (he \olegrayh © temgt thoerand men u pines and Moved north towards Michtment. He wae io in Jone . ” - the vicinity Of that place 06 tbe last aeconnte, f. See wer Oi oe The prevailing opiowa here in military capelon w WbSt | arcing fron ba whee Pegram staried be war fot aware of (be captors of he Mayor " Mog, aud comtom pleted seam! ing bim Ws 6» ape qorrti - The diapenal of or Feader M stupresibie (or bina ty eile wives uct ar ther of b emcaye a, 401m he Metegre Colambse ayecins * may that the quention + ene rearhed Ang whether Vaptaw father erty eeagh the | @a7. 't <™ ne SI cove surrender of Joke Morgan # 7 comrmines | 1P* ra m é toqrerting, Bod Ne was eatar mm, tow Wet | eee «tere oxen bat ch 0 "oe he any command at (be time of Me wrener E oa 7 he Soe rere, Me Captate Hor bridee, with a few companes, war meting . 4 «ee 4. Colm, One Madre Aa 8 guide (or Morgan, when the intier dmovering our |S ‘ foreen chang ih upen bim, wurrend o Wien im onder | thet he might secure terme W ret bmeel Cop. Mor The Sale of Hive Twemtivs brkige at mem erewted tbe \arme barge yro Pen spon ente, Joly ” . pred. oy ee ee Avt wpee ° ee a cane op nnd | C1 Wtb ARO Gre teemtes oo Bedecnum “ took charge A the robe pune. rer vecegniee the | bende are Deeg tale + te ne torn 8 ary A the Tremery Mae eek ee) Menge Si Soutien tee arnt back So Domb med | oe wu gine law maw an Aged & ee paekan (iat y Tue oral taken place thin Mate we a teow Gove ) tmennre