The New York Herald Newspaper, December 15, 1860, Page 6

6 NEW YORK HERALD. | JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OFFICE NX. W. CORNER OF FULTON AXD NASSAU STS. foney sone by mall rill be at the TERMS, cash in cutwance. Money sont by mod i it $7 per anim, ay, at vin nite whe of the sender, None but Bank need Wednesday, open oe: Vaduesday, hth fo ILY HERALD, 120 cole “me “Eh mt oe petty WEEKLY HERS = ia alin Se ee ad hf each inonthy O68 ‘onan, Simi ‘on Wednesday, at four cents per SPON] ENCE, fining timporton yy CORRESP: Le _tonistning tperten, ae MTN anes, soticited (+0 ly std AeTICT LANL ¥ Raat ‘Srp TO Swat ait Lerrers 4n0 “ace- of anonymous correspondence, We do not TISEMENTS renewed every day) addvortisementa fi pe ctias Reniy Henard, Pamiuy ilawaty, wad ta ie ict ered Bere ecan Kelitionss. WMT PRINTING: exsowted ish neatacss, cheapness anil Je- AMUSEMENTS THIS EV ENING, ACADEMY OF MUSIC, ar Ows—Itatian Orema—La Vine pe Regimenro, erator 8 GARDEN, Broatway.--Mgaty Wranr—Raoe- ran Fux. WINTER GARDEN, Broaiway, opportte Bond street — OTuKLLO. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery Bren ing.—Sratome & Rouxa’s Kauerriiax Ts Broadway.—-Monen Slr WALLACK'S THEATRE, care. . No, 62 Br tea LAURA KFENE'S TAPATE Afternoon ann Kyeoing.—ssv BRYANTS’ way —Routeecens, Soxos, Dawe HOOLEY & CAMPBELLS MINSTRELS, Niblo’s Sato Broadway.— IAN BOxGS, Dances, BURLESAD “sp Burr Parren. CANTERBURY MUSIC TALL, 685 Browlway. Soxes, Dasexs, BULLXouUEs, ae MELODEON, kwsques, a TRIPLE w ¥ ork, Suturday, December 15, 1800. No, 509 4 SHEET. The News. Gen. Ca-x, Secretary of State, post, and the re nation has been 4 the President. Gen. Cass was ind course owing to a cilable ¢ enee opinion 8s to the propriv elufor the gar- rison «t Fort Moultrie, in the harbor of Charlo ton, the General being in favor of sending addi tional troops there, while the President oppose such a measure for obvious rearons. pled by d to thie Our Washington despatches state thatthe Presi- | dent, in view of the critical condition of the coun- try, and in compliance with tie suggestions Many associations and private citizens, has deter- mined to recommend the observance of the 4th of January next as @ day of national humili. n, fast. ing and prayer. The steamship Europa, with the European maits to the Ist inst., bad not made her appearance off Boston harbor up to ten o'clock last night. She has probably encountered strong bead winds. The European mails by the steamship North Briton, which arrived at Portiand at alete hour on Wednesday, reached here on Thursday night, bringing details to the 29th ult. The ad- vices are unimportant, and relate > he effect produced in lund by th tie. eoln’s election. We give clsewh the important details received by the North and the New York, together with letters fro’ correspondents at London, Paris and Naples. th Star, from Aspinwall yesterday morr tion dollars in sour ards of &m from our Pac South or and the 1 that quarter Whether Mosquera fs he capital, or eonrplete- , in the prov ot yet be answer Oue offi United States niion of deing am frigate Niegare Panbaeey on boerd, avriv tember, en route fo Loando, six day prfeapond erie the rom ryQue the Bata\ ian av it will bes stock sold at ihe brokers’ toe Cre r stock brought a frac ™, At the meeting of the Board of Supervisors ves. erday # resolution was ored and referred, a ecting the Attorney of the Boord of Excise ¢ nissioners to vacate and dis * all judgments tained on If of the Ce issioners, provided the county shall not be pat to any cost therefor. Voard ate A report or of increasing the poli eto eighteen handred men was rece 1 and ordered tot 1 Sherif < bill, omeanting to * for sending records of couvictions to Secretary of St d. A resglut fix the fee in this matter at tw and aha per bine wiof filly eent4, was voter and the original report was edopied. The extradition caso of the fugitive slave Jones charged with killing waster, will probably be decided at Toronto to-day, It was ted hak the blacks would atte to rescue prisoner, end the euthorities hed armed the poll Dd or: dered troops to be held in readiness to pat down any such demonstration, The examination the ease of the sley + bork Cora was resumed yesterday afternoun be United States Commissioner Morell, and cirec witnesses were examined. Their evidence ix of considerable interest, os being a narrative of the caprare of the Cora, and ix given im our report The Case Was postponed till Taesday aext. A destructive conflagration occurred at Orange WN. J., on Friday vigit, involving the lose of eight stores, the murket aod the Post Office, The Me- thodlst aaveh, © fue Luilding, which oust $10,000, was partially destroyed, aud had it not beew sor the arrival of some fire companies from Newark the edifice would have been entirely conned. ‘The fire lasted for nearly five bonrs, and at raged with great fury. If there had boon a cingt« fire company in the villege it is thought thet th« fire conld have been promptly extinguished. tt ie impossible to estimate the loge at presoat. Me port ways that the property fs half covered by insnranc +. Skating on Central Park will commence to dey, The directions of the rece Commissioners be haters may be found ia a column e, wae ate ent down, expe any quarter et Se Voutuan Constaronnsirs ans | ourteenth strect.—M rive | * condition, NEW YORK HERALD. SATURDAY, DECEMBER 15, 1860.—TRIPLE | SHEET. The Revolutionary Crisis-The Unly that vik the South avks for further protection | The Disaleloes Efreet of the Wattonal Remedy, The history of great nations constan!ly re- | peats itself. Thus we deduce the maxim thai history is philosophy teaching by example, and of these examples none are more striking or | more suggestive than the periods of disiurb- ance, called evises, through which the leading | Powers of the world have passed more or less successfully, If we examine the hisiory of the Romaa | republic we shall find that in the course of its existence of many centuries it sustained the shock of a crisis at least once in every cen- | tury and a half. Then the organic law of the republic was altered, amended or expanded in | its provisions, in order to keep pace with the ' progress of the nation. ‘The British em- pire offers us still more familiar examples. | England was in a crisis when the barons \ wrested the Magna Charta from King ' Jobn, when Henry VIIL placed him- | for iw property the South demands no- thing more haa its rights—rights which should be tendered without asking. And, finally, if Mr. Lincoln will speak out in a man- ner calculaied to reassure the conservative | masses of all the Staies, the present cloud will | | pass wway like a summer shower, and in less | | than six weeks all will be bright again. By doing his pluin duty in the premises Mr. Lincoln will gain for himself an immortal nume, and will prove himself a far greater man than any of the leaders of the party which nominated him. If he fails in his duty, the consequences will be such aa we shudder to contemplate and ehrink to indicate, Italia amd the Italiams—Hard Work for Cavour and the King. We cannot but admit that the cause of Tiulian unity is at the present time beset with no tri- fling dangers, The romance and enthusiasm, crowned with the most brilliant success, which | self at the head of the church, when | , Cromwell overthrew the goverument of Charles | he First, when the dogma of the divine right | | of kings was finally extinguished by the peace- | | fal revolaiion of 1688, and when the House of | | Lords was compelled by the pressure of public | | opinion to poss the Reform bill. The United as had its political as well as its com- or Directly after the Revolutiona- | nniry was fn anything but a state and tranquillity. The fathers public were equal to the situation, nd made themselves masters of it, When Mr. Jefferson was elected President poli- tical feeling ran very high; but the Sage of Monticello leff'the country in a state of pro- found peace. In 1532 we were fortunate in having a Jackson in the Presidential chair and a Olay in Congress; otherwise the pe- rils which now menace the Union might | then have overthrown the government. These erises ave, however, but small affairs compared to that through which we are now passing. That it is the most serions event so far in our hislory no sane man can That we ave to sit down with folded wnd let the siorm do iis worst we are aved to admit. It is our duty to ourselves and our ebildren to diligently | study out a vemedy@or the existing state of things, and to opply thet remedy without hesi- | tation. It does not follow that, because of cer- iain disturbances, the Union is te be dissolved and the government to be broken up. On the contrary, experience proves that nations, like individuals, are frequently stronger and better after having applied active remedies to certain local disorders. The real state of the case, so far as we are concerned, is that the constitu- tion of 1787 is not equal to the requirements | | of the republic in 1860. The constitution of | | 1787 was made for three millions of people, inhabitants of thirieen States. Now we have a population of thirty-two millions, with a vast , territory exiending from ocean to ocean, | The country bas evigrown the constitution, ! and the con-titution therefore needs lo be over- ' hauled and amended, and the government re- | constructed io suit the spirit of the age. The | | day for patching up difficultics has passed. We | have now (o meet them face to face, and, from | present appearances, we cannot rely upon our /P sent rulers for any assistance, The present \ President will do nothing, and the inference is irresistible that he is unequal io the responsi- j bilities of his poeition. Congress is imbecile, ilatiny, terror-strieken. So we look | In vain towards the seat of government, where | *mall politicians oceupy but do not fill the high places in the nation. Nevertheless, we do not despair, The time for a great reform in this government has arrived. The olf parties | which have from i iv time ruled us with a rod of iron have fallen to pieces, and even the | ry war the of penser. oy ands none of us prep republicans, who have just sacceeded in debris of the ow signs of carly dissolution, ( together which menace the coun. | cod silence and as- \ have, it true, | ninectings have been | ind namerous coucilia- democrats and old routing the ters ible to cope with the dange try is evident by umed cbes in plenty held in vartons pl tory proposition their d is » exisienee and the i r than remedies for et that the preseat | » of things will be improved uatil some | public confi. | yots vermment, On | © country will be phinged silt | me are taken lo noe in th deeper int Tn view of Chis state » whe om must w own that there present jaiure, ner the pariy po ve raised a demon whieh they There is only one man in the U atted | ws itin his power to restore the | s former happy and prosperous nf that man is the President elect. The President cleet should immediately break the silence which his presumed duties to his party heve imposed upon him, and proceed to de- the poople tle programme of his admin: Toa man of common sense the proper ow . Lincoln to purse Is perfectly plain. Te sheold fgnore altogether the funa- Hee of tha codfish States and the funatics of thy on States. He should ent loose en- tiv pluiforms and abstractions of his party, declare himself entively Independent of partisan obligations, and pledge himself to recommend the amendments to the constitu tion ond the additions to the federal laws which the spirit of the age demands. Above all, jacoln should p bineelf before the peo- ple ae a no-party man, and ask for a fair trial, wpon the platform of equal rights, for all see- tions, upon every foot of ground over which the American flag floats. At first he might meet with some obstacles, but he would soon avther about him o grent party whieh would ranthilate all opposition. So grand an oppor- tunity as that whieh Mr. Lineoln now en- | joys does not offem oceur in the world’s history, He can be efther Cataline or Cincia- natus, It is for him to choose whether he will do his duiy to his country, and restore pence aad plenty within her borders-—whether he wilt prove himself a statesman, « philanthropist and a Chrietion—or whether he will follow in the | lead of petty potitictans, while for the want of ; fs few words from him the republic ts going to, "mae cians, wh noi quiet. States who country t nm oibe | gence and ingrati( | national champion, and priests and roy | with some | Emaneet is now, distinguished the opening of the campaign, have | passed away, and now the hard work of organiz- | ing the new government and providing fora permanent national existence bas to be under- taken, The glorious exploiis of the [taliaa liberator were freighted with a pleasure personal to him- self, while the applause with which his actions | were received enhanced the happy conditions | under which he fonght for an object not only grand and noble to himsclf, but to a hundred millions beside, who encouraged him with their sympathy. Bat no such glorious and popular labors await Cavour and Farini, whose only reward will be calumny and thanklessness, Tt shines ont as the noblest trait in the cha- racter of Garibaldi that, notwithstanding bis own dissatisfaction with the Court of Turia, he annexed his conquests without a question to the new monarchy as represented by Victor Emanuel. country, the land of promive, but in Eugtand and elsewhere, we are sorry to find Chat his special partisans are leacing no effort untried to reverse this his list great action, We hear of | all sorts of charges made against the Sardiniva King and Ministry, including tho-e of negli- with a view io throw ing dirt upon the government of the now dom, the foundation of which was the one | great object Garibaldi struggled for. surely unwise, Itis a bad sign whea the fol lowers of Muzzini are to be found creating a | division of the fiatian party in the nume of the rligus in the provinces, while the Bourbon King is yet the occupant of a sivonghold within his own ions. It is possible that Victor Emanuel und bis advisers may haye done in igno- | rance what was Injudicions; but we must remember that the position was one ex- tremely difficult io deal wiih; aud ao right ; minded man would withhold ce » from those striving io impair iheir influence ‘in the newly wrested territory, Whether such men are designing or involuntary traitors, their doings are equally productive of mischief. The great work of Tatiana liberation was not fought for merely in order that the Liberated country should have a $ on as iis King and the seven wise men as his chief ministers, but for the union of fialy under the constitutional sceptre of an ordinary man of sense. It is by such men as Mazzini that the new kingdom is \ most endangered. Anstria and Francis IL have interests that coincide strongly with his own, and there is no fwction more likely than his to foment discord by libels and in- trigne, and even produce anarehy and civil war. The leviiy and agiiation now being displayed in Unglond against the dynastic unity of Italy ave sivange as coming from a people entertaining « nominal love for freedom and independence. Popular o porty doctrine or personal pre! rence, A united Italy under a single govern- ment secms a thing altogether too pra tical to please the socialists and republi- cans of the present day. An Ttalian capital at Rome would be looked upon with more | favor than the same at Naples or Turia, and * ) such like trifles influence the public mind. | Garibaldi had proclaimed himself King of | , Naples, it the probabiliiy is, notwithstanding the unconstitations? nature of the act, that he would have been systained in it, and been setnally more popular than Victor | such was the prestige of his name and the affectionate interest with | which he was regarded. Thus much are peo- ple ledby aa idea. Foriuaately, Piedmont, Taseany and Romagna place implicit coufi- dence in the new King of Italy, whose army is being swelled by men who come tu fight and not to argue, At Naples the King has personally adminis- tered a check to the insolence of the city moh, | and his refueal to dismantle the fortress shows | that he looks forward to it asa shelter to his troops in the event of war and revolution. We learn by the Asta that five districts were in a state of sioge, and the wimost uneeriainiy pre- vailed 9s to whether the disturbances were caused hy the royalists or Maavinians, or both in union. It may appear strange that the reac- tionisis have hopes; but the presence of the Rovwrbon King at Gacta, and the avowed dis like of the French commanders to the Die Montese canse, Moy accent for (heit conduct. There i+ vo donbt wha lwon ix dofng all that he can against Uy of the new kingdom, hat we thear of Trin other ign pretender, being prt forward to recone y the Neapolitans from anarchy, and cleetod by a | new exercise of universal suffrage, under the protection of a Preneh foree, It will be re membered that the present Fmperor of Trance wae himself one andidaie for the throne of Sicily. If is to be hoped, however, that the Wing aad the royal army will be enabled to withstand whatever foreign or domostic hos tility mey be attempted. Had Garibaldi re tained the dictatorship longer, and completed the work he had begun single handed, the reduction of Geeta would likely have been by this time completed, and ‘the fifteen thousand now diseatistied and dispersed volunteers who ‘fought under him would have been happy and drawal and the unpleasant incidents attending | it, which have since leaked out, have made |. Nevertheless, not vuly ja his own | This is | domin- | inion seems to be | Tittle concerned wboui liberty unless associated | | | er that Louis Napo- | 0 Cause | Convalsion, The ‘present destruction going on in the value of produce and other property, North and South, reminds us of the story of a stock | exchange broker, who had met with difficulties | in his business and suffered severe and serious One day, in the crisis’of his troubles, he went home to his up-town residence to din- ner in a very unsettled state of mind. His wife bad set out bis meal for him; he pulled off his cout and sat down to eat it. Looking over the table, he exclaimed, in an excited tone, that it was not fit for a hog to eat; when bis spouse, in an equally excited manner, replied that she did not expect a hog to dinner, otherwise she would have prepared it differently. One word led to another, until they mutually com- menced destroying the furniture of the house; he pitched the crockery, with the dinner, into the street; she followed this movement by throwing after it a tea set and workstund; he then pitched out centre tables and mahogany chairs, when she followed suit with a pier glass. One aggression followed another, each striving to see who could destroy the greatest amount of property, till finally the indefatigable broker procured a hatchet, sallied into the street, and commenced an assault upon the furniture, witb the view of splitting and breaking it to pieces. At this stage of his career he was arrested in his work by a policeman, who requested him to de- sist. “Has not aman,” said he, “a right to ent up | his own furniture?” “No,” replied the police- man, “madmen are to be looked after.” “And amad woman, too, I suppose?” suid the ex- cited broker. “Go into the house and take my wife iu charge; she has done as much to de- stroy this furnitnre as T have: in fel. ii har { been # joint stock operation thronghont.” The policeman, in this case, counselled the parties to make friends again, and to get thelr furniiw repaired or replaced; sect the house to rights, respect each other's conjugal rights, and commence the world anew, under new family guarantees in favor of pence and happiness. The moral of this story is, that there is no difficulty. however small, that may not be in- famed by mutual crimination and recrimina tion Into the most fatal and disastrous results; and there is no misunderstanding, however se- rious, that may not be soothed down snd ami- | eably adjusted by kind words and mutual con- cession; and the moral bears foreibly upon ihe present affairs of this country. In our present exe’ condftion the North i points (6 the South and tells her how much she ‘has lost on cotton and other property; the { South points back again to the North, and (alls her of the great fall in’ stocks, the closing of | factories, the turning adrift her laborers to | starv ¢, ihe fall in flour, graia, iron, wool and other products, Kueh seems conient to suffer | while assured that the otber is also on the rack. ! j | | losses, To form some estimate of what the South may enffer in cotton alone, we may state that the crop this year hag fallen off 600,600 bales below heing 4,000,000, against of that of 4,600,000 ; million bales the Sonth Las already sold to Jast year bales. this four the North and io Enrope abont 1,000,000 | bales, leaving about 3,000,000 bales in the country unsold, on which, allowing for the difference on sterling exchange, the loss has been, since Lincoln's election, about one and a quarier cents per peund, or six dollars per bale—making an aggregate loss of $18,000,- | 000, to which, if we add the depreciation on | rice, tobacco, naval stores, &e., of probably $2,000,000 more, we will have the sum of $20,000,000. The South has invested in rail road shares, bonds, stocks, city and county and other public securities, about $700,000,000, on which there bas been a depreciation on the average of tena fifteen per cent, This gives a loss of from $7,000,000 to $10,500,000, show- bable depreciation on lands and negroes of $150,000,000, and we have a grand total of $180,500,000, , what bas the North Jost? Sinee coin’s election? Flour has fallen one dotlar per barrel, There are in this city and Albany about 1,006,000 of barrels, giving a loss of $1,000,000. There isa stock of wheat in this market of at least 4,500,000 bushels, on which there has been a loss of twenty conts “per | bushel, or a loss of $800,000, The stock of , corn here is about 3,000,000 bushels, on which there has been a decline of tena twelve cents per | bushel, call it ten; a loss of about $360,000 The supply of flour in the interior of the North to $20,000,000. The supply of wheat in the in- terior is estimated at 50,000,000 bushels; loss of #10,000,000. The supply of old and new corn in the country is estimated at 100,000,000 buehels; here there i a loes of $10,000,000, Pork has fallen three dollars per barrel: the averagt op al the West, to come forward, is estimated at 260,000 harrele. which gives a lose of $750,000; 1y nothing of ihe loss on beef, lard, &c. The wool grown by the frow States of the North. according to the census of 1859, Aaretiicd to 37,527.000 pomads. Tt was larger this yea but let we call it the same. The decline by deer since Lincoln's election from ten to Afteen Jose on this article alone mounts (6 the sum of $3,700,000, The lose on both imported and do- | mestic manufectures of iron other articles is enermons, and we have 5 means of siuting the amount with oxactne but may put it down ot the low estimate of | $20,000,000, Tu be the los sustained by the eyepencion or helf tine work | in mannfaeciaring establishments, with loess of interest on eApitel, w probably oxeeeds $10,000,000, To all this, too, mnst be added the decline in $856,000,000 of railroad bonds and shares, county, city and State bonds, hank capitals and shares of the foee States, whieh woollens ane added to this are have fallen on on average twelve per cent. | giving a loss of $192,000,000, Again, the Joeses on breadstuff* ov their way to, or in Liverpool, may estimated at shout $500,000, In this may | alko be included the losses of an average of ave | per cent by derangement of Internal exchanges | on collections from the jaterior, and in the fall in eterling bills, with a decline on general im- portations of foreign goods. To all this will, we fear, have to be added the fall in real | estate, amounting to millions, The assessed valuation of real and personal estate ia this vuln, and thousands of his fellow citizens see | more enemies for Victor manuel and his | S city alone amonnis to nearly $60,000,000, starvation staring them in the face. itis not | reqnived thet Mr. Lincoin should bow to the | prejirtices or trnekle to (he anjust demands of | the extremista in the codfish or the cotton Stace. The general voice of the country is all thar he need cave for, Theat voiee will tell him | fare of the monare! advisers than ever they had friends, and hare a growing change in the talion affeire, What will arnt in tenure of Vietor With a fall of only twenty-five por cont the los on this would be $160,000,000, Extend (his to | condeiiarens big fo aii ped free Sta | and then let Ay an eiae the Cont fanaticism, tf | it be possible—say about Sikevsee one cannot Teaut. things remained fa the same progressive ing a tota) of $30,500,000, Add to this the pro- | is estimated at about 15,000,000 to 20,000,000 | barrels, which gives a decline of #15,000,000 j centa per pornd; but call it ten cents, and the | a, | a ee prospe ie a. ae before L incolu’s election, our shipping interest, which was just recovering from two years’ depression, would have at this time been fully employed at rates of freight of about 5s. a és. for flour, 20d. for grain, and at $8 a$9 per bale for cotton. The West, just recovering from two years’ short crops and great embarrassment, would, with its present abun- dant harvest, have obtained # dollar a barrel more for flour, twenty cents more for wheat and ten cents more for corn, and, with exchange at par, would have recovered its position. But all this, and more, too, has been sacrificed to the hideous bigotry of fanaticism, which has brought the Union to the block. The recapitulation of the losses at the South end North may by these estimates be stated thus :~- te tharatesing, Mr. i is now the second Minister who bas resigned. If ihe Cabinet is golng to be broken up in this way, and its members will not stand by the Presideat ia the hour of danger, the best thing to be done is that all should resign at once, and hund the reins to Mr. Breckinridge, that we may see what he will do in the eriaia. The Plans im Congress and the Plans ia the Herald Ofice for Meeting the Crisis. Cur readers have seen the various plans pro- posed in the House of Representatives, on Wed- needay last, for solving the difficulties which | have arisen in consequence of the election of Mr. Lincoln, as President of the whole Union, by a sectional Northern anti-slavery party, in oppo- sition to the votes and wishes of every South- ern State, and to the voles and wishes of nearly two-thirds of the people of the whole Union. These plans are for the most part puerile, bungling, conflicting and absurd. Some of them are self-contradictory, and some of then are intended to aggravate the already intolera- ble grievances of the South. With one or twa exceptions, scarcely could a grain of wisdom or statesmanship be extracted from the whole ; bushel of chaff and rubbish by any amount of riddling and sifting. There appears to be s general ignorance of the case to be met, or @ wilful ignoring and evasion of the difficulties. The Fugitive Slave law is dwelt upon ia mosi of the propositions as the chief trouble, But the Southern States do not so regard it, On the contrary, those who have most authority to speak for the South say that the Fugitive Slave law now on the statute books of Con- ere: as good a luw as can be made on the subject, and that all the Presidents who have been in cffice since the law was passed, im 1850, have conscientiously carried it out as far as it was in their power io doso, The dif- fieulty lies, not in the want of a good and siringent law, or in the fideliiy of the federal government, but in the unwillingness of the people in most of the Northern States to sus- ivin the law. In ten States unconstitutional acts have been passed to neutralize it, or im- pair its effect. Congress cannot compel these States to repeal their legislative enactments or chonge their sentiments. The States them- velves must do it. The chief obstacle that lies in the way of | reconeilintion is the policy to which the repub- | Hee sn party and the majority of the Northern | people are committed in regard to the Terrkories. Tat over this, fortunately, Congress has control, notwithstanding the position maintained in the Chicago plat- form, that there are to be no more slave States, and that neither Congress, nor courts, nor @ Territorial Legislature, nor any number of the people. can protect the property of a master in the labor of, his slave in any Territory of the United States. Now, it is quite competent io Congress io afford this protection in accord- #nce with the letter and spirit of the constitu- Won and ihe principles on which the Union was established—the equality of all the States, and ike equal right of the citizens of all to settle with their property in the common territory of the Union. Why do not the republican repre- sentatives offer this sovereign remedy for dis- union? It needs no change of the constitu- tion, and its operation would be speedy and effectual. LOSSES AT THE SOUTH. 818,000,000 2,000,000 — PreveeeeT Ieee eee $150.500 000, LOSSES AT THE NORTH. Flour at tide water, New York. . : betsy Total... Wheat at tide water, New York. Corn at tide water, New York. Flour in the interior. Wheat in the interior. Old and new corn in York in the interior. Imported and domei lens, &C......- Icss to manufacturers by suspensions hair work, les# interest on money , &¢ Vecline in railread shares snd done county and b shares, Peclne in Loss on real and personal esta‘e in Less of real and personal estate in the interior free States and cities 5 ‘Total Grand total of loenee in tl Ti may possibly be that some of these esti- mates are a little over the mark, and others somewhat below it at the present moment. bat in the main we think they will be found correct. fut if the result of the existing erisis shell prove to be a dissolution of the Union, who exn doubt that they will be realized, if not far exceeded? Figures, like faets, are stubborn things; and in the face of such « disastrous balance sheet as this, how contemptible arc the ibstracti out which fanatics and dena gogues have been battling; how fetal the deloy in harmonizing the two divided sections of the country by mutual concession and forbea Can the country afford to suffer furthe eletion of all her material interesis? 10.060,000 Whe Reforms in France—The Napolvow Dynasty. Our European files by the Kedar place ns in vselon of aa important iinperial decree. lin the Paria Moniteur. and which we piinied yesterday, together with the English and French opinion thereon. That Louis Napoleon has made a step in the tight divcotion by the course of eonduct he has adopted, uo one will be disposed to deny. Noi only do the articles of this decree show that his dynasty ie scene, but that they will tend io make it still surer and more popular. Ti will con ciliate the people, extend the liberty of the press, and promote the cause of freedom and good govermnent in France more then any former act of the present Emperor. The decree unnounces changes in the constitution and composition of the imperial adminisiration, and contains the promise of modifications in the system of government. By it we learn that the Count Walewski retarns io office as In pursuance of a vote of the House, the va- | Minister of State. This appointment, | pions plans submitted to Congress have beem it is probable, will influence French | referred to the Committee of Thirty-three. policy in Europe, and may occasion the Ttal- | Now, in the Hxraip office there is a jans some slight displeasure, for they have not forgotien his strennoas opposition to their union, But the past may not apply to the | present. The chief ohject of the deeree is to reconcile the existence of the empire with the popular righis of representalive goveriment more fully than here and the concessions, made with that view, can hardly be overrated. Tt was nothing more than the people of Franee | deserved thus fo be brought to a fumiliay ua- derstanding with their sovereign ond govern- ment, and the advaniage will be mutual. The necessities of the empire, in which ign and dome vivitual and civil interests are daily becomil ore complicated in the life of its citizens, nired sneh a provision for its per- manent welfare, and although it has come sooner than we were led te anticipate. we committee on the state of the Union ia permanent session, and the practical statesmen of the country, believing that this committee understand the subject better than Con- gresa, and that the Hxxanp is a better or- gan for communicating with the people, have vent us numerous plans, far sounder and wiser than those proposed in the House of Represen- tatives. Their number, which is between ono and two hundred, precludes the possibility of publishing them, for they would fill tweniy numbers of the Herat. But they are at the service of the committee—very appropriately called “perilous” by the reporters—and if Mr. Corwin intimates to us that he desires to avail himself of the information which they contain, we will not burthen the oppressed malls by sending themh through the Post Office, but we will forwa@@ them by Adams’ Express, at our are all the more prepared to give it | own expense, hoping that they may shed some a hearty welcome. The Chanter of | pays of light upon the thick darkness whick Deputies will henceforward poesess the right | seems to brood over the second seasion of the to vote an address in reply to the annual impe- risl speech on the opeaing ef the Ch: This will have a tendency to make the Minis ters eubordinaic to the will of the majority. The reporis of the sittings of the Senate and the Legislature are to be published in eatense in the Monilevr, and also in al) the other French journals, daily. This last iy a measure of great significanee, and may be Jooked upon as the key to the freedom of the press in Franee, We may Seon witiess a parliameniory, system of government of the widest order, resting on the firmest (ounda- tion, under the auspices of Napoleon IL, of whow it cannot but be said that he hes done more for the material progress and best inte- resis of France than ony ot French sove- | reign—or, for that maiter, than all the French sovercigns put together. Examples of constitutional Hiberty have not been lost upon | the prisoner of Tam, who-« foreigu poliey, mi- litary vievories, ecclesiastical repressions and ; commercial reforms alike proclaim his fiimese strength to control the destinies of the yer which he presides as He has & to fear for the hrone, has the sympathy of the aumy and the aving put down the suists ond Orleantsta, he en. joys & prestige which makes his uae a power, | and that power esecutial to the welfare aad glory of Franc Thirty-sixth Congress. TT Wuar Ark rue Porice Fou!—There is hardly a crime of any notoriety committed in the city that does not furnish evidence of the ia- efficiency of the police force. It almosi inva riebly happens that the men who ean do most in securing the arrest of the criminal, and in tracing up circumstances which might succeed in convicting the guilty party, are never ew- ployed in this service in cases of murder like that which shocked the entire community on Friday of last week. I) is presumable that the most efficient portion of the force is the detec- tive corps; yet we never find them employed, as they are in London and Paris, and other large cities of Europe, to follow up the tracks of a murderer, by tracing him step by step in the commission of the erime, with that sagacily and knowledge of human nature which they ore supposed to possess, thus rendering sunple service to the community. This duty one would suppore fx the special province of a detective force— such it certainly is in other capitals; but in New York the de- tective policeman appears to be the special servant of private citizens, who may have loet money or property by theft, burglary or pocket pic king, and who can afford to pay: for its re- storation, We rarely, if ever, find a criminal convicted and punished by the exertions of a detective officer, but it is very common to see stolen property restored by his influence, a share of which it is to be presumed he recoivex, perhaps in the shape of expenses, or on some other pretext. Now we contend that inasmuch as human Mfe fs infinitely more valaablo then property of any kind, the services of the most active branch of the polico force should be devoted to its protee- tion, ond not left to the unskilled and inefficient patrolman, a has been done in the case of the Inte Twelfth street homicide, and hy empire gnardi stability of bis un? | Re AOXATION ov Gevenat, Case Wall street was groaily agitoted yesterduy by the intelli- gence of the resignation of General Cass of his | position in the Cabinet of Mr. Bachanon as Se | cretary of State. There were (wo grounds on which hit rosig- nation was based. One was that a meeting of the Cabinet having been held the day before to consider the propriety of sending troops to } reinforce Col. Andersen's commend at Fort Moultrie, the question was dectled in the | pnd tndeed in almost every other caso of mar- negative, ls there was no intention on the part der. Tn this instange, slthongh the police, per- of South Carolina to make’ any altempls on | haps, did all they were competent to do, con- the fort at present, and thet it mighi om | siiinted us they unfortunately are, it Was the plicale the present diffleuliy aud precipitate | newspapers, and not that body to whom the civil wer, The other grownd was thet the | protection of our citizens is especially ontraet- Northwestern democrats were in fevor of | ed, that seenred the suspected party; bnt if coereton, and that, therefore, Gen, Cues, hailing | the detective force had taken the matter prom y from that ecetion, wae of (he caine opinion. ily tn hand, the arrest of the alleged erin toot fh x eviden’ ‘he re Me to Wesbingion | weld verge probably mot hieve been tort oo hat