The New York Herald Newspaper, June 5, 1860, Page 6

NEW YORK HERALD.| JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OFTiOS N. W. CORNER OF NASSAU AND FULTON 8TS. Velume XxvV No. 156 AMUSBMENTS THIS EVENING. HIBLO’S GARDSR, Brosdway.—Loastra—Bace Covnse or Love. WINTEE GARDEN, Broadway, opposite Bond street.— Lavy or Lrone—Kas mv tap Dann. WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway.—Ovaacixe Rovrs. URA KUENW'S THEATER, Broadway.—Jaxxv eons Jarannee Busasey. -” eJAREIN® | AMERIOAN | MOREY, ,Beedar Day osrmns, 4c. BRYaNTs Mechaaies’ Hall, ¢72 Broad- ‘way.—Bunimques, Sees, Sones, o6.—SrasncEn. et Se NATIONAL CONCERT 8aLOON, Mational Theaire.— Sones, Damons, Buucesques, 40. = * is pet rg tS SYREST AND FourTH a ax .cumu, ‘ TRIPLE SHEET. Wew York, Tucesday, June 5, 1660. Hew York Herald—Califernia Edition. ‘The mai! steamship Northern Light, Capt. Tinklopaugh, ‘wilt leave this port te-dey, at noon, for Aspinwall. ‘The malls for California and other parte of the Pacific ‘will close at haif-past ten o'clock this morning. ‘ingle copics, in wrappers, ready for mailing, six conts Agents will pleaze send in their ordors as exriy as pos- ible, MAILS FOR EUROPE. Whe New York Herald—Edition fer Europe. ‘The Cunard mail steamship Persia, Capt. Judkins, will * leave this port tomorrow for Liverpool. ‘The mails for Europe will close im this city at a quarter before sight o'clock to-morrow morning. One of the most terrific tornadoes that has ever visited the Western States occurred on Sunday evening last. It appears to have taken nearly an easterly course, from the Mississippi to Rock river, levelling everything in its way for a breadth of halfa mile to the ground. Its ravages were attended with great loss of life. Bixty Persons are said to have been killed and @ great number severely wounded. The tornado commenced at Clinton, Jowa, at half-past #even o'clock in the evening. The towns of Ca- manche, Iowa, and Albany, Illinois, on opposite sides of the river, and five miles south of Clinfon, were completely demolished. The telegraph lines west of the Mississippi being down it could not to be ascertained how far the ravages of the tornado extended, nor the actual loss of life and property. Elsewhere will be found as detailed a report as could be obtained by telegraph, and giving the names of many of the killed and wounded. After the transaction of some unimportant busi. ness in the Senate yesterday, the Kansas bill was taken up and the subject elaborately discussed by Mr.Sumner. A resolution of inquiry into the ar, rest of Father Lauza, an Italian patriot, while on board an American vessel at Palermo, was adopted. ‘The House was principally occupied with the con- sideration of postal affairs, and non-concurred with the Senate's amendment to the Deficiency bill, stri- king out the proviso for the restoration of suspended inland mail service, and requiring proposals from the lowest bidder for carrying the mail between Charleston and Havana. Our correspondent at Key West gives an interest. ‘ing account of the cruise of the Crusader off the coast of Cuba, in search of slavers, and her capture of the bark Bogota, with e full cargo of negrocs. ‘The arrival of the Crusader at Key West with her prize was reported a few days ago. The negroes were purchased from the King of Dahomey at Wy- dah, who held them as prisoners of war, and are represented as being in a healthy condition. ‘The Overland mail route to the Pacific seems lable to great interruption from the repeated out- rages of the Indians, who are reported to have stolen all the mules at Ewell and Dragoon Springs stations. A trajn of twenty-four mules, with sugar from Sonora, was captured by the Apaches near the Hanover Copper mines. They also killed five of he nttevdanta. ‘The Tammany Society, or Colombian Order, held a regular meeting last evening in the Old Wigwam, with the view to a grand consultation generally and the installation of four Sachems specially. A good deal later than balf an hour after the setting of the sun, most of the savages being in attendance, Sachem Wilson G. Small was summoned to the chair, and the business commenced, but ia what manner conducted that outside barbarian liveth not who can tell. Sachems Kelly (Sheriff), Connolly (Senator), Miner (Register), and Waterbury (District Attorney), were duly installed, with the customary ceremonies. The approaching Fourth of July next occupied atten- tion, and after a little conversation the euliject was postponed till next Wednesday evening, when the Conneil will again moet and conclnde their arrange- ments. At the meeting to-morrow evening it Is understood the Grand Sachem will be chosen, aod it ip said that Mr. John Kelly is to be the man. ‘The “old war horse” Purdy is to ret the chairman- ship of the General Committee, and the balance of power will be preserved by making Kelly chief of the savages. A special meeting of the Commissioners of Imi gration was held on Saturday last. The Commis sioners passed a resolution juesting the Gover- nor, Comptroller and Attorney ‘ieneral to consent to a mortgage on the premises at Seguine’s Point, ‘with a view of using the funds so obtained for the better protection of the public from pestilentia! and infectious disease. The Commissioners repre sent the premises at Seguine’s Point as unsuitable in their present shape, and recommend the pro ceeds of the loan to be applied to the support of the floating hospital provided by the Quarantine Cotumissioners for the reception of persons sick with yellow fever or other contagious disease. The Police Commissioners, at their meeting yes terday afternoon, passed a vote of thanks to In epector Foulk, of Brooklyn, and his force, for the prompt action taken by them in arresting the prize fighters at Willett's Point. Two members of the First ward force were placed on the retiring list. General Superintendent Kennedy entered apon the duties of his office at noon, and will in future be in attendance at headquarters from ten A. M. to four P.M. Five thirty dollar licenses were granted by the Excise Commissioners at their mecting yesterday. Mr. Haskett announced that blank vouchers, drawn up by the City Chamberlain, can now be had at the Artisans’ Bank, certifying that all who deposit the price of their iicense in that institution have done fo. The Aldermanic Committee on Public Health held a meeting yesterday in reference to a public nuisance, Consisting of a large, offensive manure heap at the foot of Thirty eighth street, Raat river Aldermen Farley and Starr wore present, and beacd arious parties on the subject, ali of Pisined that the intensity of the odor is #0 great as to be felt at @distamce of several blocks in every direction, It was charac- terized as an intolerable ouisance, very detrimen- tal to the health of thousezds of inhabitants and almest suffocating in warm weather, The ¢ump- ing ground complained of is a Square bicck and a half in size, and is composed of decayed arimal and Vegetable matter. It was also urged tke: the nui sance is injurious to Property. The committee promised to report on the aubject at the meeting of the Board of Health The Board of Health helda meeting yesterday with clesed decors, Mr. Valentize, the clerk, ic formed us, however, that no subject of any interest came up at the meeting. The Board of Aldermen cid not organize fast evening for want of a quorum, there being but five members present. The members had been pre- viously engaged for two hoursin the Board of Health. A special cull was immediately made for Thursday next. | An inquest was held st Hoboken yesterday on the body of Mrs. Josephine Rosas Hughes, who died under eircumstances leading to a belief thet her death had been caused by an attempt at abor- tion, The evidence on the inquest, however, did not -warrant that presumption, as the jury render. ed a verdict that she died from inflammation and ulceration of the womb and intestines. Mrs, Hughes eft her husband some time ago, and at the period of her death was living with « Mr. Waffler. The want of accommodation for the Supreme Court of this city has long been a disgrace, and a constant cause of outcry against the euthorities with whom it rests to provide suitable halls for the old building in the Park, no effort has been made to afford suitable rooms for the Superior Court. Some of our judges have died from the impure atznosphere and close confinement; others have been obliged to take Southern trips to resusci- tate their shattered constitutions; all owing to the jindolence of Supervisors, or the well known system of waiting for a cogent “motive” to move in the affair. Yesterday, however, Judge Moncrief made a decided move in the matter, and peremptorilg ordered an adjournment of his branch of the court, at the same time directing that the Sheriff should provide suitable accommodation be- fore Thursday next, as the Supervisors had failed to do so. Chief Justice Bosworth, who was presiding in the other branch, was accom: modated with a loan of the Supreme Court Circuit room for a couple of days, and made asimilar order on the Sheriff, under the statute. Sheriff Kelly immediately proceeded in search of rooms, Now this is not only mean and contemptible, that our highest State courts should be compelled to ambulate from day to day in search of a place to transact their business, but it is a reason for the severest censure upon the Supervisors. According to the City Inspector’s report, there were 367 deaths in the city during the past week, @ decrease of 55 as compared with the mortality of the week previous, and 10 more than occurred during the corresponding week last year. The re- capitulation table gives 2 deaths of diseases of the bones, joints, &c., 76 of the brain and nerves, 3 of the generative organs, 1: of the heart and bleod vessels, 116 of the lungs, throat, &c.,4 of old age, 60 of diseases of the skin and eruptive fevers, 6 stillborn and premature births, 45 of diseases of the stomach, bowels and other digestive organs, 39 of uncertain seat and general fevers, 2 of discases of the urinary organs, 2 from unknown causes, and and 27 from violent causes. The nativity table gives 242 natives of the United States, 70 of Ire- land, °4 of Germany, 3 of Scotland, 4 of England, and the balance of various foreign countries. ‘The sales of cotton embraced about 2,000 ‘ba'es, 1,100 of which were Cold in transit. lots on the spot closed dull on the basis of 11Xc. a 11%(c. for mid- lips uplands. Grades below middling were heavy and irregular, The market for flour was some lees buoyant ‘ad active, while prices were without change ef moment. Owing to greater ease in freights, there was some inquiry for export, which was checked by the firmness of hold- ork ‘Wheat was Girmer and in fair demand for milling and for export, with sales of Western and Canadian, at rates given elsewhere. Corn was firmer and in good demand, ‘with free sales at full prices. Pork was firm, but leas ac- tivo; moderate sales of new mees were made at $17 9% 0 $18, and of new prime at $15 60. Sugars were steady for refining qualities, while good grocery grades were Grmer; the rales embraced about 800 hhds., chiefly Cubs musoovado’s; 2,000 boxes and 120 bhds. melado, on terms given in another place. Coffee was quict and sales Umited. Freight engagements were comparatively light, while rates, though easy, were without further change of Importance. @enator Sumner's Speech—Shall the Union be Destroyed or the Fanatics Pat Down? We give elsewhere to-day, in full, the speesh of Senator Sumner, of Massachusetts, on the great question that is presented to the whole country for judgment in November next. Not only the argument it contains, but the place where it was uttered, and the position and character of the man who uttered it, should be taken into consideration in measuring {ts bear- ing vpon, and relation to, what may truthfally be called the greatest question of the present age. In the short period of eighty-four years of national existence, the American Union has come to be one of the mighty Powers of the earth, and the thoughts of its statesmen, and the energy and enterprise of its citizens, have given a new impulse and a new character to the ideas and labors of men in every part of the civilized world. Yet its achievements in the past are as nothing when compared to its brilliant promise in the future. The theory of self-government is here undergoing the test of practical working. Men's eyes everywhere are turned towards the brilliant, the meteonic path of this Union, in the attain- ment of national power and glory, and of indi- vidual prosperity and happiness. The hopes of peoples and of nations cling to its peaceful and euccessful continuation, for the lives, lib- erties and happiness of millions upon millions of future generations of men depend upon its demonstration of the great American theory— that self-governed communities, inhabiting ua- der different circumstances of soil and climate, of races and people, of education and social organization, can exist and prosper in political union. In one word, that the theory of self- government is applicable under all the nataral and accidental conditions that attend the nu- merous races inhabiting the earth, and which gan no longer remain isolated from each other. In the developement of this mighty experi- ment the success of which hitherto has aston- ished the civilized world, and confuted all the old theories of government—a question fraugtt with intolerance towards men, communities and races has been fanned into life by fanatics and demagognes, and to-day threatens to involve this confederation, which is the wonder and the hope of the world, in civil war, anarchy and universal ruin. In that Senate which has go often resounded with the sublimest utterances ef human lips and human hopes, Mr. Sumner stands forth the personifi- cation of a great and a free State, and the re- man of a great and powerfe' poti!- cal party in fifteen of the sovereign States of this Union. He possesses the philosophical acumen of Mr. Seward, without his cautious re- servo aa a politician; the honesty of Lincoln, the administration of justice. Since the burning of | Y | | vy Ca end literary culture, political zeal, and the gift ef eloquence, which pisce hia in the very ‘foremost rack as leader and ax exponent of the black republican ideas. All of theee circum @tances combine te give a more deep solemnity tc bis words, in this grave moment of their utte rance. + And what are bis words! He opens with an ostentation of the pure ard holy feeling of cha rity; but does that quality predominate in bic conceptions, breathe in his utterances, and live in bis ideas, to stimulate men to deeds of forbear ence ard mercy towards eachother? No, His | Self adopted phrase for the denomination of his theme is “the barbarism of elavery;” and all bis learning, memory, wit, eloquence and logic are directed to heighten and embitter the brutal and bloody confilct which Lincoln and Seward have proclaimed against the social ex- iaterce of fifteen of the sovereign States of this Union. Bat he goes farther even than these, for he ciaims that this aggression upon the rights of the South—this attempt to enforce upon other communities, not analogous io @ay one circumstance of their existence, social forms and laws indigenous to a totally diffe rent state of society—this utter negation of the | principle of selfgoverament—is @ ‘sacred enimonity;” and, like them, he proclaims thatit must be fanned and urged om until the theories which he, in his intolerant wisdom, fiads good, “shalt be installed everywhere under the n- tional government.” After the fashion of the self-appointed saints of the earth, he tells ux that “there is austere work to be done;” ana we well know what euch language in the mouths of euch men means. It means carnage and the flames of war. It means swords drip- ping with fraternal gore, torches put to the homes of brothers, desolation spread over bappy and prosperous States, for opi- nion’s sake. No man can assert that the South inflicts, or desires to inflict, one single positive injury upon the North. Every man admits that our fraternal relations with the Southern States are productive of unmixed benefit to us and to ours; and yet Lincoln and Seward in- cite the North to an “irrepressible conflict” with the South; and now comes another mighty leader among the black republicans, and pro- claims it to be a “sacred animosity.”’ This is the burthen of Mr. Sumner’s elo- quence, and we need not enter upon its de tails. But there is one characteristic of thir speech which is in perfect accordance with the policy of the black republican party in the preeent campaign. The bloody and terrible results which must ensue if that party succeeds in getting possession of the federal govera ment are kept carefully out of view. John Brown's practice is taught; but there is no word of Jchn Brown. The social condition of fif- teen populous, rich and powerful States is t be revolutionized; but not a lint of the possibility of resistance on their part, or of the reactive effect of such Tesistance upon the aggressive North, is drop- ped. This “irrepressible conflict,” this “sacred animosity,” is to be pursued to its bitter end, without the supposition of a single sacrifice or a single danger to the conquering aggressor. Mr. Sumner adopts, in all its consequences, the eophistical and illusive theory of Spooner. The meaning of the constitution Is suddenly to be wrested from that harmonious interpreta- tion which has given us so marvellous a career of individual happiness and national greatoess, Federal laws, administered by federal courts, presided over by abolition judges, and protected, and their decrecs en forced, by a federal army, are to do all the bloody work, and confine its presence, and ity multitudinous results and perils, to the South- ern States. Therein lie the fallacy and the folly of the black republican argument. It is an impos- sibility. The South is united as one the while the North iteelf is di- vided. With the success of the black republican party in its present attempt to seize upon the federal government come the first blast of resistance from the Sbuth. which would be echoed from every hill and dale between the Delaware and the Rio Grande, and from the Atlantic to the Pacific shore. Fanaticism would then at once be hushed, and the voice of reason would prevail in the North. But repentance would come too late. Blows struck in fraternal strife are not like those given where indifference has preceded conflict. Civil ware are not stopped by the efforts of diplomacy. Mr.Sumner's eloquence has there- fore come in good time to awaken the co: ser- vative, the judicious and the tolerant men of this country to the necessity of union and ac tion against that fanaticism which, making ab- stract moral questions the ground of political tule, is hastening them to the abyss of revolu- tion and ruin. The iseue now before the peo- ple is fairly made. Shall abolitionism be ex alted and the Union destroyed, or shall the po- litical abolitionists be put dewn, and the Union—the palladium of our liberties and our happiness—-be preserved ° Resection or Tae Mexican Treaty—Tae Errects or Partisan Porsties—The rejection of the Mexican treaty by the joint vote of democratic and republican Senators furnishes 4 striking evidence of the utter disintegration of all parties, and the miserable policy to which the country has been reduced by the agitation of the slavery question. For the last six yeare—since poor Pierce and company opened up the nigger «uestion—we have had, in fact, no policy, or no government. The administration has no party in Congress, and hence the foreign affairs of the country are wholly sacrificed to mere partisan politics and sectional squabbles. If we had any stateamen in the House or in the Senate to uphold the action of the administration, this Mexican ques- tion would have been setttled long ogo, and we would be now in the enjoyment of the im- menre commerce of Mexico, which presents a richer mine thon California. Mexico, with her eight millions of people, offers a splendid market for nearly every item of product and manufacture in the United States; the wealth of her mines, and the tropical produce of her soil, which are exported to the amount of over fifty millions a year, are wanting to our com- merce; yet throngh the miserable policy'pur- ened towards that republic, and our want of communication with her ports, she hes been wholly lost to us, and her commercial advan tages transferred to Kogiand and other vations. The rejection of the Molane treaty by the Senate committee, through’ some iniserable motive or other, has still farther postponed the ft. oyment of matanl commercial benofite with that couatry. ORK HERALD, TUESDAY, JUNE 5, com: | withoct the craft of a candidate in ncmiaation 1860.—TRIPLE complications which are arising in the north end eouth of Europe inspire a suspicion that they are part and parcel of a echeme of policy which dates back to before the commencement of the Italian campaign. It will be recollected that previous to the oxtbreak of hostilities at that time, it was not only believed, butbroadly affirmed, that a eecret treaty had been entered into between France and Russia, by which pro- vision was made for a thorough revision of ex- isting European treaties in the event of the war leading to certain anticipated reeults. Had not Prussia and the other German Powers com- pelled by their attitude the patching up of a peace at Villafranca, we should undoubtedly bave seen matters pushed toa point which nothing but a European Congress and a redis- tribution of continental territory could have settled. During the events that followed, andin which the initiative was taken by the Italian peo- ple themselves, fresh efforts were made by France and Russia to bring about the assembling of a Conference. They each hoped to advance in part by it the echemes which they had counted upon fully carrying out had a general war en- sued. Had they succeeded even thus far, it is doubtful whether Central Italy and the Ro- apagna would be in the position which they occupy to-day. There is but little doubt that France would bave sacrificed the liberties of the Duchies could she by doing so have made’ a wider breach in the treaties of 1815, whilst Russia would have made almost any concession of principle to secure her concurrence to a re- vision of those of 1856. The independent ac- tion of the Italian populations, however, de- feated for the time all these deeply laid plans. Their firmness, moderation and patriotism proved more than a match for the diplomatic skill and cunning opposed to them. Northern Italy being to all appearance set- tled by its own independent will, and without the necessity of the sanction of a Congress, the French and Russian emperors saw the results of their secret agreement indefinitely postponed. The insurrection in Sicily luckily broke out mm time to prevent matters relapsing into a quietude unfavorable to their views. This languishing and threatening to die out receives afresh impulse from the expedition of Gari- baldi, who, notwithstanding the openness of his preparations, is allowed to leave the port of Genoa with a couple of thousand volun- teers, well eupplied with arms and money. Where the latter came from may be, by-and- by, a subject of inquiry, when the history ot these movements comes to be written. We merely call attention to the fact that a couple of Gays before his departure he changed at the Berk of Genoa three millions of francs in French notes, which were certainly not the product of the English or Sardinian subscrip- tions. Almost concurrently with these events in the south of Europe, we hear of Prince Gortechakoff calling a meeting of the corps diplomatique at St. Petereburg, and laying be‘ore them formal complaints egainst the Porte for neglect to en- force the provisions of the treaty of 1856, ee curing protection to its Christian subjects. He demands that a congress should be convened to settle this question definitively, and in the meanwhile orders are issued to place the Rus- sian army on a war footing, and to concentrate troops upon the Pruth. About the same time Count Lavalette, a name of evil omen in con- nection with this dispute, is instructed to make similar remonstrances on the part of France at Constantineple. Then comes the report of a treaty having been signed by France and Rus- sla, binding them to united action on the sub- ject—this being after all but a formal ratifica- tion of the understanding which has so long existed between them in reference to it. It will be admitted that this chain of circum- stances goes far to establish the presumption that the movements which are now agitating Burope have a common origin, and that they are of a far more serious character than any that have occurred since the close of the Italian war. If France lends secret countenance to the Sicilian insurrection, it is certainly not with the intention of adding turther to the territories of Sardinia. If she contemplates putting a Murat on the throne of the Bourbons, she will be sternly opposed by the Italian people and Great Britain. Sup- poeing that she has no views in that direction, what are we to conclude from her reopening the Eastern question in concert with Russia? Is it for the purpoee of producing complications that will enable her to prosecute her designs on the Rhenish provinces of Prussia? In what- ever aspect we regard her present movements, it is equally suggestive of danger to the peace of Europe. It looks, im fact, as if Napoleon were about to enter upon the construction of the new continental map which the pamphlet of M. Edmond About so pleasantly prefigured. Beit axp Evenetr—Groays or tae Brack Rerveticay Press.—Whatever else may be said about the convention which placed Messrs. Bell and Everett in nomination, it cannot be denied that the delegates selected for both places on their ticket gentlemen who deserve well of their country. If we had more men of the Bell and Everett stamp in office, the busi- ness of the government would be carried on with much more dignity than at present. While this fact is generally acknowledged, we notice that some of the black republican jour- nals attempt to throw ridicule upon the ticket, | and thus divert public attention from the no- | minees. This shows that the black republicans are not a little frightened at the idea of having | three or four strong tickets in the field against them. Avery able and statesmanlike letter from Mr. Everett has called out some of the black republican attacks, which, though writ ten with apparent good humor, show signs of latent rancor and concealed appre bension. It is quite true that it cannot be said of Mr. Bell or Mr. Everett that either of them kept a grocery, or distilled whiskey, or was judge of a fist fight or a horse race, or that either of them ever split rails, which seem to be Mr. Lincoln’s only pointe. Otherwise, how- ever, we are obliged to say that Bell and Eve. rett have largely the advantage of their oppo- nente. The former are men of cultivation, edn- cation and refinement— scholars, gentlemen and statesmen of large experience. In their hands the government would command confidence at home and respect abroad. In all that consti- tates fitness for the discharge of the duties of the executive branch of the government, there is no comparison between Bell and Everett and Lincoln and lismiia, eo vastly superior are she former. It eraves badly for repablican fortitutions whea voi men as Joho Pell and “ SHEET. Edward Everett are encered at by the organs of fourth rate village politicians, stump orators and tavern brawlers. Distipguished Political Executions—The Position of tme Democracy ia the Pre- sidenual Oamvase. While in come parts of the Union capital punishment has been virtually abolished, and in almost every State the number of crimes punishable with death has been gradually re- duced, the rope must still be regarded as a federal institution. We have, at this moment, @ pirate under sentence of death, who is to be executed in July beyond all possible doubt. Among the politicians the death penal- ty is a favorite method for the removal of a dangerous rival, or a statesman who has grown to be of too much importance to be generally acceptable to the country. We do not, as in some of the South American States, absolutely put to death all the unsuccessful candidates for the Presidency, but we commit them to political extinction, and decree, in fact, their official decease. It was in this way that Mr. Seward was executed in the wigwam of his friends at Chicago. It was in this way that the Albany Regency—Confidence Cassidy & Co.—betrayed Governor Wise for twenty pieces of silver and’sent him to his political tomb When the Charleston Convention came togeth- er, the Regency resolved upon a large number of execations, and they Guthrie, Breckinridge, and several other aspi- rants. Among others, they attempted to exe- cute Mr. Daniel S. Dickinson, but that popular statesman succeeded in giving the Regency the slip, and is now @ candidate before the Balti- more Convention. He and Gen. Joseph Lane stand more prominently before the country than any other democratic candidates who have been named in connection with the Presi- bat opening of the Baltimore Convention is really the beginning of the Presidential cam- psign. The Union nominations have been well received by the people, but have created no enthusiasm. The Chicago candidates have net, e0 far, ehown any sign of vitality. The battle is not yet begun. Every one is waiting to eee what the democratic hosts will do—in what order, and under what banner or banners, they will take the field. So far as we can ascertain, the eplit in the party made by the Douglas men at Charleston has been widened during the past month. This fact places Mr. Douglas in the position of a political culprit under sentence of death, to be executed on or before the 20th of June. As he goes to the block in good company, he cannot complain. His followers can mingle their tears with those of the admirers of Mr. Seward, whose case is even worse than that of the Senator from Illi- neltie leaders of the party, who look for suc- cees as the first thivg to be considered, will have no time to waste in vain regrets over the dead bodies of politicians, howsoever prominent they have been. The attention of the democracy is just now directed to the hostile attitude of the South, and the considera- tion of the means which should be adopted to conciliate the voters in that section of the country, and at the same time secure the con- servative support in the great Central States. Mr. Dickinson or General Lane would run well in the North, and they are both exceedingly popular in the South, where the soothing system must be adopted. To insure success, the democracy must have the entire electoral vote of the South, and one or two of the doubt- ful States in the North. But such is the dis- gust of the masses at the corruption and chicanery which exist in the republican ranks, that a popular democrat, like Lane or Dickin- eon, might sweep the Union from Maine to Cali- fornia. The people want a fresh name, a clean record, and they will do the work. The Balti- more Convention meets with heavy responsi- bilities. A new man must be selected. Lane or Dickinson would be acceptable to the South, and highly popular at the North. If anything like common senee still exists among the demo. cratic leaders, one of the gentlemen above named will be selected as the standard bearer of the party during the coming struggle. Tar Cumese Wan.—Coincidently with the interest excited by the Japanese mission to this country, the Chinese war question is just now engrossing «good deal of attention. To ail sppearances it would seem as if the opening of the one empire to the commerce of the world, was destined to be immediately followed by that of the other. The Chinese quertion stands at present in this position: Great Britain and France sent out aemall saval and military force with an ultimatum to the Emperor. This has been peremptorily declined, and the two govern- ments have now to vindicate their demands. The question is whether they can agree upon united action in the matter, the events at pre- sent tranepiring in Europe tending rather to weaken the importance of this Chinese diffi- culty, and to separate their interests. Should they come to an understanding in regard to it, they will have to send out a much larger fleet than they have in China at present, for a popu- Istion of four hundred millions of people is not to be conquered by a mere handfal of men. It will be seen by their con- duct in this regard whether the views of the two governments are likely to continue in harmony on pending European difficulties. Should it be decided that an invasion of Chi- na is practicable under the circumstancee, we should probably witness a repetition of the same scenes which occurred during the Eng- lish and French conquests in Hindostan. The only chance of success which such a movement can have is by dividing the interests of the pop- ulation and setting them against each other. They have a powerful lever to commence with in the rebellion which is spreading from the interior into the tea producing provinces and threaten'ng the principal ports. It is very doubtful whether the imperialists can long make head sgainst both the foreigners and the rebels. They will have to come to terms either with one or the other, and it will be most pro- bably with the former, as involving least dan- ger to the existing dynasty. Inthe negotiations which such a disposition will lead to, American influence may again be profitably employed. By acting as mediators we shall be enabled to increase and turn to account the good feeling which the Chinese authorities have already manifested towerds us. It is not at all impro- bable that the first Chinese mission sent abroad will be, like that of Japan, despatched to the country that has known best how to doul with the preindices of these exclusive an? jealous governments. to kill off , ‘Tho Piret lssue with ¢heSuaday Law. ‘The first case of indictment for violation of the Sunday law is cet down for trial before the City Judge on Friday next. This case is iavest- ed with peculiar importance, for it is the first time at which the constitutionslity of that law, and the right of the Legislature to enact it, will Pe tonne ee issue. It must be de- whether Legislature has any autho rity under the constitution, which guarantees religious liberty in the broadest sense to every citizen, to make any law men’s ec- tions with regard to a purely Teligious instita- tion like the Sabbath; or it must be decided ; whether the Sabbath is a civil or a religious ia- stitution as it is known and recognized in this country. There is nothing in the constitution compell- ing citizens to observe the first dey of the week, or the last day, in any particular fashion; and as regards the sacredness of the Sabbath, itisvery well known that different sects in the comma- ° | Bity view that point in various lights, and have ; different opinions even as to the precise day in the week which should be set apart for ob- ~ servance in any ehape. For example, the Jews and the Day Baptists hold thatSatarday, the seventh day, is properly the Sabbath, and they 0 observe it, according to the practices of their eeveral religions. Again, the Catholios, many sects among the Gefmans, and other religious communities, do not regard.the obser- vance of Sundsy from the exclusive Puritan point of view. In fact, those who do form but a small portion of our metropolitan community; but while this portion, be it great or emall, has a _ perfect observe the Sabbath in its own way, it has no right to compel others to adopt its opinions orto actin accordance with them. Caa the Legislature compel the Jews to close their stores on Sunday, or can it compel people of any per- euasion to desist from mannal labor on that dsy? It certainly can never accomplish either; neither, we opine, can it prevent the sale of lager beer, or confectionery, or the perform. ance of a concert at the Academy of Music or elsewhere on Sunday. It is true that everything in the shape of a nuisance or a violation of the peace can be prevented by indictment, because these are crimes under the common law, or are made such by statute; but the question is whether any Legislature has a right to make that act a crime on the first day of the week which is within the law on any other day, simply be- cause, in the opinion of some people, that day has been constituted a religious festival. We should like to know in what clause of the constitution any authority can be found tor legislation of that character. The constitution of this State, like the federal constitution, in hibits all legislative interference with the free- dom of religion; and, looking upon the observ- ance of the Sabbath, upon any one day of the week, as a purely religious matter—as it is ac- knowledged to be by all sects, whether of Christians, Jews or Mormons, who recognise a Sabbath at all—we can hardly perceive where the power lies to enact a Sunday law like the one at present in existence. What says the State constitution on the question of religious liberty? Article one, section three, declares :—“The free exercise forever be allowed in this State to all mankind; and no person shall be rendered incompetent o be s witness on account of his opinions on of religious belief; but the liberty of ience hereby secured shall not be +o construed as to excuse acts of licentiousness, or justify practices inconsistent with the peace or safety of this State.” Is it an act of licentious- ness, ora practice inconsistent with the peace or safety of the State, to vend and drink lager beer on the first day of the week, any more than on the last, or to perform and listen te music and eong: If any licentiousness or aay practices calculated to involve a breach of the Peace should arige, the remedy is at hand, if the police and other authorities do their duty, by arrest and indictment at common law. There is no authority, either in the Bible, un- der the Christian dispensation, or in the coast!- tution, for the observance of a Sabbath at all; and, as we know many sects differ between Saturday and Sunday as to which to observe, any compulsion exercised in the :atter would be an act of oppression to one or other of these sects, and a direct interference with the “reli- gious profession” to which the constitution guarantees a free exercise “to all mankind.” The constitutionality of this Puritan enact- ment of the last Legislature, then—which was no doubt got up for the purpose of covering a multitude of sins—will, we presume, be tested in our courts for the first time on Friday, and we consider the solution of the question a mat- ter of very grave importance. Tux Covone Cowmirtee—Tnx Apwixtrna- TION AND THE Caxtronnta Lanp Faavps. While the Covode Committee is endeavoring to prove all kinds of frauds and corruptions against the administration, in so futile and silly & feehion that it provokes the laughter and contempt of the whole community, the adminis- tration iteelf, it appears, has been most efficient- ly engaged in arresting frauds upon the go- vernment of & most stupendous nature: wit- neve the statement of the Attorney General re- lative to the California land claims, published exclusively in the Henatn of Sunday. Mr. Covode and the other politicians are wasting time over the squabbles of Wendell and a few printers from Washington and Phila- delpbia about the spoils involved in printing blank forms, with which the administration has nothing whatever to do, for it Is clearly mat- ter which concerns the lobby leeches, and that most miserable class, the pauper party editors, and no one else. Moreover, Mr. Covode and his political confreres of the Commit tee have been egregiously humbogged by the Dunham letter, as all thacountry now knows, and there js very little doubt that a good dea’ more of the “testimony” upon which they sre raising such a clamor end fass is just as g-ent a humbug as Dunham’s ¢pistle. Meantime the acmuinistration, which stands above the petty shocks of Covode and his witnesses, has been doing eminent service to the country by saving nearly a bundred and fifty millions of dollars through the vigorous exposure of the bogus California land claims. Even the black repub- lican journals are compelled to admit this fact and its importance, though they have not the generoeity to accord the administration a word of commendation for it. The public, however, are wise enough and just enongh to appreciate the contrast between the chem invest®gation of the Covode and other committees into the quarrels of a few misora- right te , Ps '