The New York Herald Newspaper, January 30, 1860, Page 2

oe 2 ADDITIONAL FROM EUROPE THE MAILS OF THE FULTON. THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE IN ENGLAND, BONET AL, GP KACAULAY AND WIS GRAVE. THE ITALIAN QUESTION. The Great Napoleon Pamphlet War. TAE ABOLITION MOVEMENT IN RUSSIA. Dificulties and Dangers of Serf Emancipation, NEWS FROM THE €1PE OF GOOD HOPE, * ke, &e., &. Our European ilies by the Fulton, from Lonson to the contain some highly interesting details of hic summary to that fay, pablished in fhe Hens yesterday morniug, 45 well as some important matters not heretofore given Lord Palmerton was to a $8d Janoary, at Cambeidge House, tos numerous party of We irilventinl supporters in the Honse of Commons. Ear! Granville, as government | 1n the House of Lords, was give a similar banquet to mivisterial peers, at his roei denee in Brofon street, At these dinners the substance: of the royal.) ech, to be delivered by the Queen on the fellowing day, would be communicated to the assembled 4 Stato banquet on the pests. ‘The London Sar of the 10th of January saye:— Yost the ste@mship Ausiralasian arrived io the Marevy, from Loudon, ip order to take her place apou the ‘mara of American steamers. This vessel is 331 Fob feet im length; brea’th of beam, 42 1-10th feet dem of bold, 209-10th; tonnage, 2,760; and 700 hors: wor. The Australasian is au iroa steamer. Sho was ult for the Austratian serviee, but owing to the embar at company she was put up for sale. ded by Captain Hockley, for many years bard service. @ewew and padole—the Persia bews a splendid Beth of epecd apd capacity avitea, while the Austra Ieion sone of the finest and iheetest screw steamers alia ‘The Russian Gazette of St. Petersburg has the following, diated Irkutek, Nov. A courier coming from the banks of the Amoor brings fe news that the Russian squadron of the Pacific, afte: stopping thrce weeks in the Bay of Jeddo, had satied for the mouth of the Amoor with the Governor General ot Eastern Sberia. The frigate, the Askold, had, however, Been Jeft at Jeddo to terminate the afMair relative to the agsessination of a Ruesian officer at Kanagawa. gourier brings the news that the Go was on Doar the Steam corvette America, had lal Broolacfek, and had afterwards proceeded to ase Fiver in the steamer Argoune as far as Khabarovka, anc Beyond that in anoiher steamer up to Kodprea swoveki, where he had to stop for a time on account of ice. ‘re of the steamers of the company of the Amoor had Deen wrecked in the Bay of Castries, and another was misting; @ merchant ship had also been wrecked in the game bay. A rteamer belonging to private perrogs, coa structed in America, bad begun piving on the Amoor. ‘A house belenging to the Russian Crown was auld at Se Baswpol by public auction. Tho Israclitish congregatioa Bought it, destining it for religious purposes. The Em peror baying heard this, rent them back the deposit, ameoniing to 20,000 roubles, with the intimation that they sbould accept this sum asa mark of the imperial good wil, and that they should emplog it in the adaptation of fhao building to its new parposes. he Board of Deputies of British Jews having acceded w the prayer of Signor Mortara, to support bis memorial at the approaching Congress, he intended loaying England fm ibe course of aweek. He will go to Paria, and en, @eavor to obtain a similar result from the Central Consis tory of the French Jews. Very late ietters from Berlin announce that the bealth ef the King of Prussia bas become so much worse as to excite rencwed alarm. Bo Duke and Duchess of Modena are on a vieit to the ew imperor of Austria at Prague. The Independente of Turin expresses an opinion that the Pope will not ovly lore the Romagna, but also the Marches. We bave files from the Oape of Good Hope date @ape Town on the Sth of December. The French gunboat Porbein, the first of the Chins fleet, arrived at Table Bay om the morning of the 4th ult. 't Brest the 20th o October. The Dutch PF C for the year 1860 was puolished there are twenty Cape’ young men in Ei pean upiversitice , preparing for the ministry of the Dutch church. There are four students of divinity @ the Theological Seminary at Stellenbosch. Besides the regular clergy, there are seven ‘missionaries’? of the ‘ebureh in South Africa, and six examinea and approved preachers and religious instructors. The 24 of December was the first day on which there was a communication by electric telegraph established at the Capo. The wires har- ing been laid and the apparatus affixed at both ends, message’ wore despatched from the offlos of Mesers, Thomeon, Watson & Co. to the residence of Mr. Pickering, ‘a8 Roodebloem, and thence answers were received. THE FUNERAL OF LORD MACAULAY. The same Our London Correspondence. Loxpox, Jan. 10, 1969. Macoulay’s Funeral and General Mourning in the Oly— Skene Inside of Westminster Abbey— Notabilities Present— dmcricant in Town—Social Life, de. ‘The just appreciation of talent and worth, by all classes of society, was yesterday most ovident in the aombre attire of the crowds, bigh und low, thronging the line of way om Holly Loge, Campden IHill, Keneington, as the re- smaims of Lorii Macaulay were conveyed to the time- honored walls of Westminster. @hops were generally closed, aud many church boils throughout London and the Provinces tolled forth in solemn accents of dolor, so that almost throughout Eng- Band was the hour known when this highly accomplished mobdleman’s remains received their last earthly honors, A full detailed account of the procession and the arrange ments of the funeral will be found fn all the London papers of to-day, and we ehall therefore oniy give an Impression of the appearance within the Cathedral whoa swe found ourselves there at one o'clock. Alas! kissing went by favor; and, altbough our literary men en masse ‘applied for tickets of admission, very few were allotted to them. No; the persons preeent were principatiy composed @ Barons, Members of Parliament, Judges, and Barristers, come few swells, with a bevy of Indies and a good many children, giving the assrabdlage Father the appearance of attendants at a masical fesdval than mourcers at the grave of a departed savant. Crino- ‘Bane, flashy bonnets, shaw's aud gloves wore never more out of place, m contrast with the sombre black fiued for Be occasion. We recoguized amongst those present the following, Bome not unknown to fame: Lord Campoell, looking very agod; Lord Palmerston, Jooking very old, beauish and jaunty; Lord John Russell, ooking very dowdy, Sir Charles Worl, C. C Lewis and George Grey, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, looking more thas usually like a Jesuit; the Dukes of Newcastle and Argyl; Marquis @f Lansdowne; Terd Stanley, a much courted young man; Judges Pollock, Wilies and Crompton, Earl of Shafeebary, Russell Gurney, Lord Tgvedcan, Belgian Minister; Measts. Locke, Faein ‘James, Rich, J. Mills, Roupell, Map Wy, MP. Messrs. W. M. Thackeray, I ‘A. Gbamuroijou, shee, Hawtrey, Shirley Brooks, “Albert Bmith, W. RK. 'Smartweil, E. Buxton, Samael’ Lover, B® W. M. Reynolds, Jobn Oxenford, Joan Fors. & C. Halil, Bebn, Salomons, Chorley, Rave J. W. Markwell, M. A., Chariee Kaight, Mark Lemon, J © Deane, W, H. Roseell, J. O'Dowd, General Klapka, Kc ©" @here ‘are not many Americalis in town. Major Oxk ford bas eafely returned to us,and Major A. HS The nightly reunions at the Ameri pur street, Haymarket, are on the improve. ‘that the associative will eventually ‘De turned into a reguiar club, and that amongst tho list @f members will tten be found Mosars, Baws, Biriags, Rothschild, Arcedeckne, Croskey, Peabody, Hutu, &e. MACAULAY'S FUNERAL IN WESTMINSTER ABBEY. (Frou the London Star, Jan. 10 ‘Yesterday afternoon the funeral of Lord Macavlay was solemnized at Westminster Adar. At twenty five minutes to twelve tho private procrsion ‘was formed at the deceased peer’s residence, Holly Lodge, ampdenhiil, in the presence of two or three hundred per: sons, chiefly residents in the iocallty, who assembled to testify their respect for the departed nobieman. The famnily cortiye, which consisted of @ hearse drawa by six horees, three mourning coaches aml a brong! as re- markabiy upoetentaiious. The chief yagurpers were the Rev. J. Macaniay end Mr. Macaulay, Jr.,€. TL. Macaniay, Baq., and Goorge Trevelyan, Eaq., Who Wore eeated in the ¢ firet SF. Bilis, Misq., B. Cropper, Esy., J Gropper, Jr., Req., and i Holiand, Req:, were coavesed B the recond carriage Caspian aan ing leaving Rolly Loge, turned down m Hi!l at the ordinary Ameral pace, and tn two Or three minutes entered the lay shope wore nea'ly all partially closed, and as the pro- cession passed on the bell of mngton parish church tolled in solemm recognition, vehicles which met the mourning carriages drew up at the side of the road to | allow them to pass, and even perso.e seated on om. buses were observed reverentially to uncover their hoa 1? as the hearse weut by. Having received a cons | im its propress, tre pro eington gardens, cession of follow irs its route by K lwod the rafl- interest on the so By thetime ss nightsd was reached, tbe pubie character of the ceremony became clearly marked, At Uyde park corner there w » throng of persons, bat so ordar ly Was their hebavior that the police, who were in consi- | torce, bad no culty in preserving order, From Fellingten statue to the Abbey the way was kept by Mr. Soperintendent Gibbe At Hyde Park corner the carriages of noblemen and others, in accordance with tho previous arrangements, Bw: Hed the pro-eesion, bow uo longer private, but an im. pressive pndhe testimonal to the cbaracter and genius of the deceased, The procession was Bow of cuormous length, probaly Jrod vehicles having buen atded to it, and ae it od down Croavenor place the spec- tacle was of imposing soleranity, Here, too, a long Kine of ear was drawn up by the roadaise, partly w allow the caval 0 pase, and partly, no doubt, to aford opportuaity of witnessing its passage. ue Windows of the hoases were also 4 ‘ators, and Bere, as elsewhere, whe fevllbg Was most sympathetic The Jreavenor place was through lower Grosvenor r which was enwrod at twenty- kingbam Palace, and through way of St. James’ Park ekirt. Were large bodies of spectators, iy numerous as the processica It was five minutes to one when the Abbey was reached, amid the tolling of the bell and a universal de- no of respect on the part of the congregated Tue entrance selected was Dean’s yard oppo Hospital, The body here was received , and the coffia was carried through nave to the choir, being depositad be. organ during the celebration of the service. Ia front walked tho Coastable of the Abbey, The Almsmen of the Abbey, Sixteen boys of the choir, Canone—Repton, Jennings and Crueton, The Dean (Rev. RC. Trench). The pall hearers were:— Tho Tord Chaycellor, Duke of Argyll, The Earl of Carlisie, ‘The Speaker, Sir David Dundas, Earl Shelburne, Earl Stanhope, ‘Tbe Dean of St. Pants (Dr. Millman). Sir Henry Ho!land, Bart., Lord Jonn Ruseell, The congregatian included distinguished representatives of both houses of Pariamcnt, of the clergy. of litaratare and scence, the bar, the army and navy, and ether lead- ing professions. the fervico was commenced by the Rey. Cauon Jen- pings. As the coffin was borne onwards to the choir, the choristers sang the Ope composition of Purcell, *T am tne Resuyrection and the Life.” When arrived atthe choir, the Psalm, “Lord, thou hast been our dwelling piace,’? was chauted, and the lesson appointed for such service was read. ‘Tue aothem waa rom Spobr’s Last “Judg- ’’ Blessed for ever are they that die trusting in God” This portion of the service being concluded, the coffin was carried to ihe grave, the dean and clergy standing upon an enunence, the moarters and pall bearers formed le rowna the grave. The choir sung the anthea reell, “Man that is born of woman,” Handel's Fan» val Anthem, composed for one of the Georgian queens, the vords altered to suit the occasion— Is body is buried in peaca, But bis pame fiveth for evermore, and “The Dead March m Saul’? were performed by Dr. Turle on the organ during tho ceremony. The voice parts, under the direction of Mr. Haden, the precentor, were given to Mr. Foster, Mr. Montem Smith, Mr. Lawlor, and One of the boys of the choir ‘ ‘The Dean read portions of she service, and when ho came to those sublime words, “Ashes ta ashes, dust to cust,” the personal friends of tue illustrious deceased could be at once distinguished from the depth of their In a gallery immediately over the grave were tas in deep biack, who seeined utierly over- red with grief. The service Occupied about an hour. Atits close, the chief mourners tock a last view of the grave and coflla, and then silently quitted the scene. The barciers beiag now thrown down, the crowd of spectators were allo to approach the verge of the grave. Tho outer ¢ is formed of polished clin, and it encloses a leaten ¢ and shell. The lid is divided into three compartments; the upper one con’ on an engraved plate, the arma of the deceased peer. The shield bears two arrows, and two buckles, avd bas two pelicans as supporters” ‘Tho crest isa boot with a spur, surmounted with the usual coronet The motto of the coat of arms is * Dulco Pert- culum.” The second compartment contains the foliow- ing ‘wscription :-— The Right Hon Thomas Sabiagton Macaulay, Baron Macanlay of Ro:hwell, born 25th Oct., 1800, died 25th Dec., 1859.°7 At the lower part of the lid is a swaliebick! with the initials of the decearea peer “T. B.M.” The coffin !s ornamented with massive gilt bandles, three upon each side and one at each ond, sur- mounted with coronets, and the sarface is covered’ with black silk velvet, mod is decorated in the usual style of funeral ornamentation. The profound silence which prevailed doring the ser- vice was inexpreesibiy solemn. So perfeet was the etill- ness (hat ip the remotest recesses of the venerable Abbey the voice of the officiating clergyman could be distinctly heard. But, ag at the funeral of the iate Kobert Stephen- son, ladies were present dressed in the gayest colors, and tbis incongruity excited the disgust of ail the right think- ing portion of the congregation, FROM AN EYE WITNESS. Poet's Corner, in Weetmineter Abbey, ig a gloomy nook, very cold and cheerless, aod very dingy trom the dast of jes and the smoke of no inconsiderabic number of years There are two ways of gaining access to it. Tho first is common to every goe: a fee to the guardian on ty, and all is done. ‘The second is by a thorny, often a oroua, always a most dificult perth. He, however, oeds in threading it, and earns a title to rest in “a Corner, goes not away’ like tho firet visiter, but re- pozes there in his last sleep among the worthies of Eag- land—liviog ever, thongh dead. Last, not least, amongst thove who have merited the great distinction of ‘a coraer in Westminster Abbey,” is Thomas Babington Lord Ma- caulay, the brilliaut essayist and historian, ove of the anost'distingnished authors of modern times, ‘remarkable as these are for producivg great writers, and ono of its most snecessful orators, poets aad statesmen. The grave baa closed ite “ponderous and marble jaws’’ over all of mortal that remained of bim; but so long as tho Erglich tongue shall be spoken will Thomas Babing- ton Macaulay live, and the brilliant productivog of his brain maintain the supremacy of English li ure. To do honor to his memory, Church and Siate, art, science and literature thronge i yesterday to that gloomy nook in West- minster Abbey, where his body now lies. For one weary hour, in that cold, damp also, the great celebrities of the day jostied one another, awaiting the solema ceremony which wus te mark the clore of the earthty of tue man they mournad. Yet was there po pageant to attract. But the walls, though gray and naked, were more olo- quent of death than it they had bees covered with “the draperies of woo.’ There was ou them the bandweitiag, which, commemorating a departed worthy, epee, too, of the end of ail human ambdition, There were wmarbi hands also, which, painting upwards, admonished the quick tw live for the life tocome. More aad more comers, ull the long aisle is fliled, many ranks deep, with actab'li- ties. At the eud, facing the chancel, is another crowd, near which staués a certain philacthropc Bari, iu earnest conference with some three or four members of the press who are ‘taking down names,” and whom ha fs cndeavoring to imprese with hie sense of “the indeoo- rousness of ladies coming to a funeral with red roae in their bonnets."’ He i bimself in undress, and has net even a pair of black gloves ou. 5 Sir Jobu Lawrence is, (or a moment, the coatre of at- traction of many eyes, a8 his straight form ts caught sight of, progeeding towards the screen, and one of tao unier. taker’s men, who bas done his share of work and has perched himself up bebind us on the projection of one of tae columpe, informs those ja bis immediate noighborhool of the presence of « celebrated Qucen’s counsel, by exclaim- ing, “Here comes Edwin James in his black cap.”’ So ge are the contrasts ana thetincongruities on such oc- casions. | What with the shuffling ofjfeet, the aquee7ing for places, the loud whisportnge of uemes, and the yet louder inquiries efter those of new comers, including Pendanuis, who etalks straight t the place he has solected—what with the ruoning commentarty of bystanders and the lowl expreszions of indignation from a vory irasciblo and extensively crinolined lady, immediately ia frout of us, who has brought her prayer boox, but is too jammed up to use it—what with the ioud comments of the gentleman with the broguc, standing t our eft ty front, upon the radical distinctions »etween modern and auoient architecture, and tho portinacity of the Seotch genUeman,on our left also, who will pereist ta quoting whols passages from Macaulay’s essays, and who declares that the two colored gentiomen who have jast enterod are come to show their respect for *‘ (id Zachary, in the per- son of his son, for owmaavipating their forefathers; and whet with the cold undor our feet, and the utter cheer- Jessnegs around ua, we contess to nothing Uke a fueling of © overawod by tho solemnity of the oocasion ”? Indeed, like the two bright bairod sons of a Scotch duke in front of us, who are speculating in loadish whispers upon the chances of their being able to escaiade tho rails, to join their sire, without being seen by the carly headed policeman who has most perversely taken Lis stand — tmmoediately ourselves and the chairs set for dignitaries of tae Abbey—we are caculating our chancea of being able to eee anything without a valorous struggle, involving the crushing of an inconvenient hat, when tie Abbey bell tolle one: the organ peals a golemn tone of warning, and the bright votoed choristers peal forth to their rich Poprano the firat words of *‘f am the resurrection and the life.” From this moment ail ts quiet. We cannot cis Lnguish the words as gung, Dut as the ceremoay proceeds we know at what point of it the Rev. Lean Tarner, who oificiates, hat arrived; and when Spolir’s graad anthem (most execrably rendered, be it observed ea passant, dis- figured by a so-caliel counter tenor squeaking ta the fa'set of falsetto), ‘Bleesed are the dead,”’ is comm*nced we prepare for the event of the day, aud setde our- seites to estch n glimpse of the procession. We bave boen impressed to witness the This has "Tis over. ‘weeping Of great mea over Mucautay’s rewaine. been for us the real ceremony of tho d into the grave—one look ag we paas-—and hi from the resting place ct Thomas Babington Magaalay. MACAULAY'S COMPANIONS IN THE TOI. From the London Chronicle, Jan. 10. Baron anlay now lies close at the foot of “Wee cott’s statue of Addivon, whom he onca 80 appt scribed ag the une flateaman, the accomplishod scholar, the master of pure Englieh eloquence, the con summate painter of Wie and aannors, and “lho groat satirist who alone Knew how to use ridicule without abusing it; who, withont foilicting a wound, effected a. great social reform; and who recoccited Wit and Virwe after along and dishstrous separation, during which Wit had been led astray by Profigacy, ant Virtue by F wati- | cism.”’ The remaiva of Addiwon, howover, aré at some | distance frem the spot on whicd the monument siaod. they are In Henry the Seventh’s chapel; amd it was not enti! three geuerations bad lacghed and wept over his tablet wae raised to hie memory in the dison as we can concetve him clad in bis dressing pwn and freed from his wig, stepping from e lor at Cheleea into his trim jittie | dps with the account of the Everlasting Club, or the loves of Hupe avd Shalum, just finished for the uext day toter, in his band.” Thickly strewn vear the grave of Macaulay are the relics of men whose names are still held in reveren 1d whore works adorn the literature of our coubtry. AB & poet, not leas than a Dbriliiaut essayist, Macaulay bas earned @ place among the great men of the pai 1d present, and in death the author of ‘tue Lays of Ancient Rome,’ and the ballad on “the Spanisn Armaa,” Wwilface Thomas Campbell, who won a port’ 9 by ‘the Pleasures of Hope’ A few feet from we grave of the ennobled poet of the nineteenth ceotury stands the fine old piece of gothic sculpture which marks the resting place of Chaveer, ‘the fa opposite to the tomb of Chaucer, “the day starre”’ of Kag lish poetry, is the monument of “Faerie Spenser’ —tho suurite of Gad pend wns died, as Ben Jonson tila, “for lack of bread, refosing the tweuty pieces sent’ bia by my lord of Essex, as he was sorry be hat no ‘time to spend them.’ Partiy obliterated by the band of time, the tomb Spenser bears the inecription, “ Here lies the boay of Edmund Spouser, the prince of poets in bis time, whose divine spirit noes no Other withers than the works whieh he left behind him.” Beaumont, the dramatiat, sleeps there too, but no memorial or inscription marks bjs resting place ; it is, bowever, immediately behiod Chavicer's tomb. A marble, much defaced, erected by the Countess of Dorset, boars, in very illegible characters, an inscription #ritten by Ben Joneon for the tomb of Drayton. Still nearor Macau'ay rere there is the small pavement stone with the inserip. lop, “Orare Ben Jonson,’ which Avbrey tells us us done rt “ the charge of Jack Young, who, walking thore when thé grave waa covering, gave’ the fellow eightoca- Pence to cut it.” At the recent relaying of the pavement of the abbey the original stone was ramoved and de- stroyed. A Iyw feet distant is the monnimenut of Cowley, nag by George Duke of Puckingham monui taised by Sheffieli Dake of Buck ingham, marks the grave of Dryden, ‘ glorious Jobn,” who was followed tw his resting place by mourners in twenty mourning coaches, ‘h drawn, >v siz horees, and at whose reqoiem anode of Horses Was sung with av accompaniment of t-ampets and hwatboys, The only titled poct that sleeps tn this part of the abbay i® the “Earl of Roscommon,” the famous maxtor of the horse to the Duchess of York at the Restoration, Ancther com panion of Macaulay 1s Nicholas Rowe. There are also Mauthew Prior and John Gay, and he whose mb bore the inscription, in imitation of that of Jonson, ‘0b rare Sir Wiliam Davenapt;”’ and Samuel Jobnsov, Davil Garrick, aud Richard Brinsley Sheridan, and Camceo, the ‘ather ith History; May, the hietorian of the long Paria. iiflord, the editor of the Tory Quarterly Review; Dr. Parr, and numerovs others. At the opposite, or north end of the trapeept, there towers above other memorable graver the stately monurcent of Chatham, of whom Mfacau- , and the wores are now not less arplicabie to mong the eminent men whose bones tie near him, scarcely one bas leit 2 more stainiess, and cone a more splendid name.” ITALIAN AFFAIRS. ‘The Great Napoleon Pamphlet War—et- ler from the Pope to Ne potcou—The Anglo-French Ailtiancee-tinvabaldl’s and Succeases » Bee FRENCH REPLY TO TOS POPES ?AMCHLET, {From the Paris Consututioone! Jan. 7 We said, at its very firat appe Le Pape et le Conarés,?’ to which the article [1 of Rome] replies, was an opinion sud not a res itis, therefore, very vatural that it should be discussed, even at Rome. The atte ch it bas attracted, and the censure as well as pr: hich have been lavished on it, are sufficient evidence that this opinion bears with it moral authority. Stil, white grastiog the ofticial jo of Rome the right which belongs to all organs of pup icity, we most remark how lementavio it is to mase @ govervment use such languave, especially whea the government ts that of the head of the Caareh. God for- bid that we should make the Sovereign Pout responsible for such ap outburst of violence, equaily opposed to his personal renuiments and the digohy of his power, Evi dently, it is not the Holy Father who could thos burl apatbemas and speak of outrages ** vomited’ sgainat bim. This word bus no officta) meaning to any lang it belongs to that vocabulary of which an tllustrions pi late, Mar. Coour, bas recently remarked that it was au affront to the divine language of the Gospel. As for oir selver, it is because wo sincerely desire the political in- dependence of the Pope to be matotuined that we are grieved to geo it compromiged by euch manifestations. LETTER PROM TRE POPE TO NAPOLEON—A& COCNCIL AND GENERAL CONFUSION IN ROME. A letter from Rowe, published by the Paris Sidcle of the ‘7th iret., coptams the foiiowing:—- A lormnight ago the Pope wrote an autograph letter to the Emperor Napoleon, the substaoce cf which may be (bus summed up:—That the confusion which wow prevatis in Korepe wod in Kaly isowing w hardness of heart aud ivreligion; that the eviis of the Italian war menace the Reman church; that the Emperor should prepare to de- fend the interesta of Catboticism, bocause the Catholic | world puts its trust “in him who has already done so much to maintain the canse of order in Karope, aad given £0 wany proofs of his piety.” Pins LX. then declares that the representative of the Charch wili defend its interests £0 Jong as he lives, though be te disposed to grant his peo- ple all immunities compatible with the duties of religion and the dignity of the pr westhooa; he conciudes with gir- ing the Emperor his apostolic benediction. A cabinet ‘courier bus sinee arrived st tne Vaticaa, bringtog the Ean peror’s autograph answer, which bag not been regarded as very satisfactory. Nap no eeu: . Tu the meantime the J’erseveranza of Milan has brought us the travslavon of the pamphict “Le Pape et le Congr That journal i@ probibiied at Rome, but somehow or other the city was quite ¢eluged on Carist- mas day with copies of it The uext day the es was reprinted in a stuall siz, citculated everywhere, aad even apnounced on the walls. Tn diplomatic circies anda ip the crawing rooms of the Roman princes it formed the sole topic of conversation, and I leave you to imagme the sensation which it produced Mgr. Sacconi, in his Gespatches, bad aiready made Cardinal Aatouelli sc quainted with ita general bearing; but the information was vague. The coptequepce was, that when the pam- phiet reached the court at the Vatican it came upon them like a thuader elap Cardin, Antonelli at onee went to see the Duke de Gramont, but whether the ambarsador was really in the dark or wag instructed to plead tgnoraoce, he could give the Cardinal no satisfactory information. Tue Privy Coua- cil immediately assembled round the holy father, consisting of half a ecore cardinals, with the repressn- tatives of Avstria and Spain. The devate was full at drat, for the Cardinals had not recovered from the effect of the unexpected Diow. But {he diecuseion g-adnaliy became more animated. The aged Patrizzi and Alteri threw upon the Secretary of State all che reeponsibttity of Us coaaster for the church. Cardinal de la Genga proposed for the immediate dismissal of Autonelli, in order to ap- pease the public opinigu of Europe, which the pamphlet could not fall to excite. The provosition of deciiniug to attend the Congres and of protesting was diacussed; aad ip the end orders wore sent to Mgr. Saccont at Paris to ak for explanations, The Council sa: eight oars, and Reparated without coming to any docision. Two days after, the Council met again, and was somewhat calmer. Something has been decided, bul what it is we do not yot know. It beems certain, however, that both in the Connell and in the visits made to Carcival Antonetli by nis colleagues of the Sacred College, all agreed not to sutfer judgumsa’ to go by default, to attend the Congress if it mests, and to protest not only jegainst any furtuer determinstioas the European plenipotentiaries may take, but also against past usurpations. CONSTEBNATION OF THE AUSTRIAN COVERNMENT AT THA PAMPALED The Awtian Gazette of tho 23 of January lias the fol- Jowmg:—We cannot believe that apy Sixte which no tor- Stands the dangerous tendency of the French pamphivt, which proposes t establish a tribunal to jadge sove- revgne, Will take part m the Congresa. In whatever man- ner, therefore, the words pronouncad by the Emperor of the French on New Year's Day are interpreted, we can- not fall to recognive in his promise that * the constant ob- ject of his efforte shall be tore establish, as far aa depends ‘on him, confidence and peace,’ the inteuwou oa no account to aliow bis Cabinet to act according to principles wrhica world render contidence ana peace impossible. - The in- teliigence of the sovereign who reigns over France is 6d well kmown as to justly the belief thathe would proaonace Sgalvst a pamphlet which is ofa patare to exciie disquictade in every beart. We, however, never thought thai the Moniteur would diravow the pamphlet; the French gavera- ment would have plenty 10 do if It were t coatra- Cict all that is said about it; aod if ithad aisnvowed the pempbict, which ie not put forth as published under us aurpioee, we inight even have considered that it bait ca copnized that pubdlication. But the movement w' bas taken place in France reqnired that tne French Govern Meat should do something to calm agitation of tho clergy, and {tis probabie thet the words addresand bo the Nonclo had that object. Howe time aad events will soon explain to us the veritevle meaning of those words, THE HUNGARIANS APPLAUD THE PAMPULET. like sincere Catholic, but makes The New Prussan Garett: ways:—The pamphiot “Le Pape et le Cong which has been iy received im Avsteta, Las bee fardea with favoril Hungary. Tre Bralaw Gazette, whoee Hungarian nows oes not, it is tree, merit full confidence, prewude that in & receot ait- ling of the Academy of Sciences of Pesth, to which the prinelpal Magyar nobiee belong, cheers were raised in honor of Napokon Til, who ts eonsidered in Hungary as the champion of European liverty, CARDINAL ANTONELL('S OPINION OF THE PAMPHLET. ‘The Roman correspondent of the Courrier du Dimaanche writes, under Gate of th Uitr== Yesterday Cardinal Antonelli sent to the Duke of Gram. mont a note of the utmost importance, and whicd has been the subject of ail sorts of commentaties today. It | is couched in very fiw language, asd contain’ categori- ew couciuaions. “His Kmineoce iuforms te French am- buasacor of the painful surprise felt by the Pope on leara- ing the publication of a work which thropehout aasgils and outrages the temporal rovereignty of the Holy See. ‘Tho Cardinal then proceeds to state that such pamphlet would bave passed unnotied, or at Joast’ would not bavo caused any tore Uneasipess to the Holy See than other ubileations of the same nature put into circulatiog Fy ihe epemic® of the Chureh, if certain circomstances Dad pot unfortupateiy impacted t it 9 real knportance. Fils Fminenee Synplans of the silence of the Freach Moniteur respectibg & production to which the universal press of Enrope atiributes an offeial origin aad fran! ty | declares that the explauations obtatuet Dy the Apostolic | Nuneto at Paris appear to bls Hollunse anything bat satisfactory. Tho Sotercign Ponti? 1s resol: 19 defeat and ender all circumstances, the integ: of the 3 of the Church. If the ‘Emperor Napoleon's government, wh proofs of piour ee sure the Sovereig that of the acon, mous pet consent to attend th: letter of tho 9th , te: tae Tamdon 4:—We learn from Rome that the howly raised euddeoly sent away from that cky on the der, althongh it wasa holiday Thai des. rugia, & great part of the garrie on of that Something fas 9e- that seaport has probably falien h bag givén the Holy Séo so maay .sbould get thlak proper to as. that the Fig d of France is not ¢ Holy Father would reeroits we 27th of radon was place baving —t to Pesaro. curred at Rimini, wer Of English poetry’? Just | | | i | THE ANGLO-FRENCH ALLIANCE AS APPLIED TO TrAL’ {From the Londen Times, Jan 1.) * * . * . a It appeare, then, that go long ago as the month of An- g08t @ Proposition was made by the English to the French RoverDment “to come to a Apecial agreement sor the set- Uement of 1 faire of Central Italy.” | expiaped that by this phrase no more is meant than that | the proportion of Lord John Russell waa to settle the | basis of further negovations as to Central italy io con- junction with France alone, and that these two Powers, consentient in thelr conncils epon this question, should then Oring the weight of their united authurity to bear in Congress. We are not asserting that Lord Jobu’s proposi- tion war is here stated, Dut this tethe interpretation row put upon tt in Pai Upon the receipt of this propesivon it is insicated that the French Emperor was anxious to clone at once with the offer, throw himself into the arms of England, and commence the settlomeng of this tantalizing and perplex: ing OMevity. But there was Count Walewskt, his do- imretic opporition, at his elbow. Count Walewski woald not bear of it, ‘To prevent the proposal of Lord Jonn Russell being accepted, Count Walweek! tendered. his resignation.” But for Count Wakewski, this proposition—which we venture to eay was never, 10 the sense im which this telegraphic despateh puts it, made at all—would have been at once accepted. Coant Wa- Jewrki, however, not ovly uccecded in obtaiping that the Proposition of the British Cabioet should not be acseoted, Dut was actually able to insert in the MMonateur of the 9th of September last a mite in fawr of the retora- tion of the Grand Ouke of “Tuscany Thus the autoumu spent iteelf, while in France good and evil spirits were fighting over the British allt- ance. The Fmperor w for Euglish friendship and Italian liberty. ‘wlewski was all for Austrian Grand Dukee and enmity to perfiions Aipion. This, as- cording to the veracious bistory before us, is the trae reason of a! that bas of late been happening. This is the secret of the threats of invasion that have come apon us quick ata etrovg from every organ of the Freuch press, and of ali those tremendous preparations in every dook- yard and every arsenal of France. It wag that wicked Count Waleweki did it oll, and the Emperor saw it at) sorrowfully, We mnet say that it was very nogratefal of tbe Emperor. It shows a degree of weakners and of ten cerness for other persons’ opinions which we did not as- cribe to bim if, when he bad such an excellent and ac ceptable proposition from Lord John Russell, he declined & policy so entirely after bis own beart, and suf- fered his own friends to abuse the uation from which that most acceptable offer bad come. But such, we are now for the first time informed, ig the fact. All through September, and October, and November, and De- cember, Napoleon Ill. went on ‘doing all that he would wird not to do, and omitting to do all that he moat desired to do. Bot, at last, New Year's Day arrived. The Kempe. ror seems to bave acquired a babit of turning over a new leaf with each New Year's Day. On New Year’agMay Napotecn TIL. resolved to dismiss bis familiar demon, and to be b's own master again. Soon attor this, Lord Cow ry brougbt the news of thig determinution to England, but,” says the telegraph, !n its diplomatic jargon, “it is prematare to assert that bis lordship has been the baxror of certam proposals, as the basis of an agreement between France apd Epgland, either in the form of @ protocol or of a treaty.” ferhaps so. We are notaware that any ove in this aati asserted the fact here dented, or given the least of a suggestion as to the “form? of the proposals “Brongbt* by Lord Cowley, or even that any proposals were brought by him, al- though Lord Cowley, bavmg somewhat recent ex- perience in bis memory, might reasonably desire very g000 authority for any commuesion he might undertake for ihe Emperor, But this negative is what the logicians call a begative preenant White it denies the form of protocol or treaty, tt affirms the existence of negotiations of which the Englikh public were either altogether ignorant, or at the best had acquired but a very vague suspicioe. It in- forms us that a hew phase of the Haltan qnestion and of the English and French sliiance has occurred since the | commencument of this still mfant year. It affirms that Engiuna bag proposed and that France has now shown @ aixposition to uccept a unity of action upon this Itavan question, and that the two Powersarp, upon the pressing iwetauce of Engiand, and in pursuauée of an ment sealed by the sacritice of @ favorite Minister, about to hold one langusge to the rest of Europe. We believe this is rather a fiction founded on fact than an accontt of those trangactions which would be accepted by hoth parties to them, or which would be verified by the documents, i prodiced—as, of course, after this revelation and with the pear avproach of the eesefon, thoy soon must be. and it inspires Us with Much avXiety as to what the con- aitions of the offered compact may be. Of course, nothing could give us greater Favsfaction than to fad ourselves in catire accord With the Eraperor: of the French as to the policy he propogce to pursue in the settlement of Central lialy, ibe fate of which, for the moment af least, ies in his ection, Be knows what we wish, aud, if he takes whe tame view of what ig just to ‘the neople and cousisient with the rights of humanity, he will owe all car sympatbiee while he completes his work. Bat there i o treaty necessary for this purpose, nor is thare any reason Why cflicial people in France should so steoun- ourly Cepy that any condition that required a treaty or pTOteco] Was ever @ Subject of discussion. If France is rarnest as she is powerful thething is dane. She has a fine army still in Jialy. Russia is indiflorent, or even favor- able, Austria is bieeait every pore and Cannot rise ogain to Oght. Prussiaie rot very Uitramontane. te otherwise engaged. What is it we are wanted todo but jock op and applaud? The Emperor cannot cestre us guarantee that France shat! not be invaded, or Rome taken out of the hands cf General Goyon by Dr. Callen and bis [rab brigade. GARIBALD!'S SERVICES AND SACRIFICES IN ITALY. {Milan (Jap. 6) correspondeuce of London Times } Garibaia! passed through bere yeeterday on bs way to pear the Lake of Como. He stopped oniy just suttl- ly long to change carriages at the raliway station Upon leaving Turn he addressed the following procia- imation to the people:— 0 THY ITALIAN. by rome of my friends to assume the pact of conciliaior emong the different (ractions of ihe italian ibe ral party, L was invited to accept the presidency ofa sorety whch was to be enlided “Nazione armata” [thought { should be ebeto be useful. The grandeur of the idea pleased me, aad I Serepted. ‘but, es the “Nazione Armata” is « fact which f.iehtens what- slog #1. corrupt and overrearing (j as ont of lualy, the crowd of modern Jest bes called out “Anatema. ‘the government of the Galentuomo was importaned by the alarmista, and, in order net to compromise tt, 1 bave decided to des ist from that bovoredie purpose, Woh the urenimous mit of all members, I ‘beretore, the got warmed, and subscricticn for the purchase of the million of mas It with & rillion of mnskets Italy ahould not be able to. gem. amillion of 8 in the face of the stranger, {t would make ee Gespair of humanity. y Ganteiee ree. . QAR! Trmin, Jan. 4, 1860, 5 P.M Aithongh Fatriotism ir quite the fusion in Waly, it te gore difficul than one imagines to act ag @ true patriot. Garibaldi carries the self-denial, modesty and dicintercet. edness of the patriot to a point where tt beoomer almost a fault. His whole career in lialy hus been one succession of eecrifices, not only of his own personal mt-resta, but even of bis own views sud opinions. Animated by the moet ardent love for bie own conntry ant fot freedom, he never hesitated to submit every other coasideration to the Welfare of his country, and, sincere and noble mirded himself, he believed in others as he did in himself. Aliough nurtured in the trasitions of the free wunicipal life of ancient Iaty, he tor his own predilec. tins to rally round the cross of ap- in. Gependence, in 1848. When the capitulation of Milaa dis- pels this fair dream he retires to Rome, where the stillacbance of doip, holds ont in spite of aiifevities nd Gisanpontment when every one cise hag given way. Although hie uprignt nature instinerively divined the anomaly of a union with the man | apainst whose soldiers he had tris? to defend the treedom of Rome and the tudependence of [laly, be hastened where there was again a chance to fight for hie country. a beeding @il personal vexations and petty jeslousies, and, overcoming ai) obstacles thrown in his way, be followed big task im the mountains of Lom. vardy until he imposed eflevca on bis detractora and defeated the intrigues of hie friends. As usual, dismiseed when he wes no more absolutaly necessary, instesd of resenting the ingratitude, he waa tharkful for the opportunity thus given to work in a new fivid, and went to Central aly, which wantad an army. Bis ame attracted thousands fiom Lombardy and Ve betia, aud in ashort time tae Romsgna and the Duchies had more soidtere than they wanted, When the work was in the most prosperons progress jealousy got alarmed, and Fanti wag sent there to raap where he had not sown. One word from Garibaldi, and ihe Piecmontese Inepector would have bad to remao oa the other side of the frontier. Instead of this, Garibaldi carried his patriotic magnenimity xo far aa to deciare tast he was superseded by Lis own consent, and ovatiaued the work he bad so prosperovsly began. “When, in site of Lis self-denial, it had become impossible to maintain this unnatural position, insteas of using hie power and getting ria of the inwader, he calmed the irritation of his troops and went io Turia, where he not only gave in his re. sigpaiion, but did aii in his power to prevent tho orsbanding of the army in the Duchies and the Romagna, Feeling the tmportance of the movement, and seeing the Cwpust excited in the country by the narrow minded aud weak oles of the government, ho thought tt bis duty to Ding the real state of Oty befere the Ktig, who in his motad is the ark. of union. le is eummond to Turin He makes an attempt to unite the fractions of the liberal party, which tear each bor to pieoas. In the beginning all_reem successfu), aud eversfone appears Yo yield to a patriotic impulse; the King wtshee hito to return to activity, and even the Turinese are aroused from their apathy: Unfortunately, with bis usoal modesty, Garibaldi leis others take the credit of what he had doe. Toe more setive of the two parties turns thia 10 ite own advantage; the ether, frightened at the ascendancy of the name of Garibald!, moves heaven and sarth to represent the azita. tien caused by the appearagce of thia later as dangerous. ‘The opnistry gets alarmed, diplomacy is brougat tn, the King has no chorce bit to ask Garibaldi for another aacri- fice, and Garibaldi yields as usual, TBE SOLICITOR GENERAL OF ENGLAND ON RHE AP- FAIRS OF ITALY, Mr. Atherton, momber of Parliament for Durham, hay- ing vacated his seat in Parliament by accepting the office of Soveitor General of England, was re-elected oa the 9th of Jenu ‘When thanking the electors he remarkod in hia speech: — A word with respept to the foreign policy ef dis country. Tesnnotheip feel ng that the horizon of foreign pontics ts far from clear; Ithivk 1 may cay it was etormy, and troubioaa, aod obscure, I allade particularly to the events which iolowed the Freneh campaign ia aly, aud the dethrone- n cut by certain people of that country of rulers who had become justiy obpoaious to them. Tam sare there i aot mau Who listens to me who hae not teroogaout t cordiaily approved of the resolution which our Foreign Secretary, Lord Jobn Rossel, has repeatediy avowed hie determination to adhere to; that is to say, to be no party to wey Congrere or any procesdiag ‘soever, which should have for its view, or wiic! shenl tolerete that the dethroned and rejectat prvicet of Haly showid be. forced on their reluctant subjots, (Lond applause.) What shape that resoluuon may taxe, now that, as we are avware, the inteoded Congress—for ibe moment st least—inas been postponed, no one can tell; but Tthink that the “past career of the noble ierd ord the genoral character of the Cabinet must be abua- Cent eesorange to us that in principle that resolution wit net be departed from; and that the only effect of a as mse sega vw Si hat Arg necessitate m charge form to whieh Principle @ad the pollsy of ibe resolution shall be carried out, It is afterwarda | Spaia | declare, | soclety of the “Nazione Armata’ diswlved, and | A inyite every Ltallan who lover hs country te coat ibuteto the | ts Let Italy arm, and she wil be | eis | something for his comatry, and | But, take it aa avproximating to the trath, | NEW. YORK HERALD, MONDAY, JANUARY 30, 1860.—("RIPLE SHEET. ‘THB CENTRAL ITAL. The owns is ap extract of a at Mr. Reuter’s ofllce ia London :— Paris, Jan. 9, 1860, In the month of “a oe" last, when the confereace at Zuich threatened to be dissolved, the Engiwh Cabinot Proposed to the Frepch government to come to a 8 eclal agrecment between France and England for the settlement bah be ytd cane Italy. Yount Waleweki, in order to prevent the of lord John Rugeel! being accepted, etarea et tsa tion, which was, however, withdra the publication of & Dove In the Momifevr of he 9th Sepiember in favor of the restoration of the Grand Duke of Y ‘The object of Lord Cowiey’s journey to London is to re- fume the negotiations which bad been interrupted. ‘The dismireal of Count Walowski was already decided vpon when Lord Cowley left Paris, after the reception on New Year's cay, but it is premature to assert that Lord Cowley has been the bearer of certain proposals ag the Paris Of an agreement between England aud Frauee, either in the form of a protocol or of a treaty. ‘There is for the present no otber negotiation than to re- folve upon @ basis woich m ght become the pointof depar- ture for negotiation with the ether great Powers, Euglaud Daving always recognized the principle that the territorial srrapgements of 18:15 could only be modified with the consent of the other great Powers. AMERICAN AFFAIRS. er in England— Views of the Press. (From the Londou Times, Jau. 11.) About this period in cach recurrmg year it becomes our duty to make some remarke ou the Message of the Amo- ican President. Though these documents are ofteu read With lees immediate interest by English politicians than the manifesto of some second rate European arson yet hore who have ume to peruse them in all their im- Woverate length will geveraily recelve instruction. The American political style, though often.todions, is seldow empty or vapid, apd auy one who desires @ fairly written pampbiet ov the affairs of the Uuited States for the current year will generally find itiu the President’s Message. Mr. Buchanan, however, ix a man above the usual run of Ame- rican Presidente; he is the prt eminent politician wha has, for a quarcr of a century, becn raised to the highest office the State. Moreover, the traveactions in which United Stays are et ed tend «to bring country more aud more within the European system, te of the cautions enunciated by the founder of the i Whether “entangling alliances’ and inter- in the quarrels of Princes will ever bo the curse of the Western republic we cavnot prophecy, but there seems imple evidence tbat the isolation which was ‘possi- Dic to a ¢mall and thinly populated State is Nag: Ho toned by the ambiti nd -elf reliant Power. . The con- sequence jg that the relations of the United States with our- selves and with more than one of their neighbors are at Fimes &\ fiiciently critical to demand ovr attention, and whi Staterman of eminence, and understood to have a will of his own, is at the head of affairs, the Message be- comes & Moe important polices) manifesto. When Mr. buchanan was elected to the Presidential of- flee many thooght that a wan who was underatood to be- Jong to the extreme aggressive party in the States would be & most dangerous wieider of power, There were others, however, who asserted that office aad responsibility would cool the ardor of the annexauonist, and that Mr. Bachanan as President would be leas aggressive than Mr. Buchauan the independent politician, criticizing the acts of others. ‘The evert has proved this view to be the true one, and wo are bound to say that as yet Mr. Bachanan’s international dealings, particularly with this country, have been marked AN QUESTION. Privase kter received ty courtery and quod will. That’ he belongs to the party || eles tenon teeter ss territory of the Walga hers can be po doubt, but ae yet there has been n in his copenet which breathes tho spirit of the Ostend manifesto, The present Message relates a good deal to external politics, but its first paragraphs are devoted to the incident which bas been go much Giscvesed on both sides of the Atlantic—the attempt at Harper's Ferry, On this eubject the President's opinions may be earily divined. Like tbe great mags of Ameri- cans, be Pomtpoacs every consideration to the safety of tho Union. Without sharing in the apprehensions entertained ip some quartere, be entreats his countrymen to exerciso constant vigilance for its prerervation, to eultivate the ancient feelings of mutaal forbearance and good wl towards cach other, and strive to allay the demon spirit of fectional hatred und stri‘e now alive in the laad. With reepret to the exhortafions of the abolitionists, which led | Brown and bis friends to their terrible fate, he says, | “Every rational creature must be presamed to intend the potent), yam weil | . donbt as to the valiaity Batural copsequences of bis own teachings. Those who anpounce abstract doctrines subversive of the constitution end the Union must not be surprised should their heated ‘usape advance one step further, and attempt by vio- ‘poe to carry those doctrines into practical effect.” Nothing has been more remarkable of late than the tone of American politicians in speaking of the colored race and the institution of slavery. The ‘ Dred Sooti de- cision,” itself the sign of @ great reaction against the claims of the negro, bas been followed to its logical con- clusion in a menner which may well make the philanthro- pst ceepair, The mase of Americans have answered the cw Fnglacd agitators ty asverting in the invest and mest tincomyviseny manner the political reprobation, to use @ Calernistec erm, of the African race They seem to take # pleasure ip the meet offensive and cynical eanciation of their pew dogma. A few days ego a correspondence was published in which a free colored woman was denied the vwa of the American Ipgation, on tke ground that she Was not—that it was impossible she could be—a ckizen; and now we fiud Presioent Buchanan congratulating the Union on the settlement by the Sapreme Court of the United States of the question of slavery in the Territories, and speaking of the holdlog property in elaveg BS a vested right of the American citizen, which “ neither Congrees, nor a Territorial Legisiatare, por any human power” has ity to apnul or impair. “ Now,” he says, ‘** emigrants frow the North and the South, the Eaat und the Weet, will meet in the Territories on a common platform, having brought with them that species of pro- Perty best adapted in their own opinion to promote their Welfare.” These principles “ are manifestly just in them- Felves, and well calculated to promote peace and harmony among tie States.” With respect to the Ieland of San Juan, Mr. Buchanan’s language is reasonable enough. He says that he bas no of the American claim, ex- cuges the acts of General Harney on the od thst the Hucson’s Bay Company or the itish authorittes bad attempted oppressive interference with the rights of American citizens, and owns that the Englieb Admiral on the station exercised a wire moderation in avoiding a collision. “So mach has already been eatd and written on this enbject that it is vecless to dwell on it here, and we may turn to one of more PermaDdent importapce—the eituation of Mexico. American citizens, ays the Preaicent, have been injured, ond there is no redress. Wiile the authority of the oon- fhtutional government is recognized at Vera Cruz and the Tnore important parts of the republic, tte power does not extend to the city of Mexico and the States in the vicinity of the ewpital. To cbtain redress the best plan would be Jo see 6p army to act in concert with the constitutional government; but, if that canpot be done, the Sct wihout any such concert, Mr. Tecommends Congress to pazs a law authorizing the [resident to employ a sufficient military force fo enter Mexico and obtain indemnity for the pest and security for the future. Volunteers may be raved amoug those who sympethize with the eufferings of their fellow citizens in Mexico, ‘Such an Accese the forcers of the constitutional government Would enable it soon to reach the city of Mextoo, and ex- tend its power over the whole republic’’ The meaning of all this is clear enough. Bfore annher Mexican war utll sever new provinces from the wihappy Spamish re- public, and give them to the Arglo Sazmm race. Fn one sense tis isa paw & humanity. Benutital avd fertile regions, bow desert, wil pass under the bands of the cultivator, mines will De worked, barbors willbe flied with ship- ping, Sad @ pew life will animate that vast region. It is not bhely, however, thatthe Amoricans will seek to ancex. the whole republic, The Mexicans are not the staff to make citizens of,and another generation of discord and decay mutt elapse before their time comes to be im- proved off the faceat the earth. Although we bave not rhe elightest wish to Interfere with the Americans, it is but adequate force should be at hand to pro- rests in thoee quatters, To the purchase of Cuba the Preei¢ent shortly alludes. ‘Whether Ciba wil! pass juty the heads of the Americans in cur time we cannot say; Dut, # one event ‘more than another is likely to hasten the change of possession, i is such o crusade as thet im which is now ig. TO Keep fifty thovesnd men month after month {n an enemy's country cests money,as we know to our own ovet; and, though Spain is uow prosperous enough, yet the tine may come when the collars of President Buchanan wiil boa gore Ymptation to the O'Ponrel! Miniatry. ‘To our thinking, the giory of beating a few African barbariane, aud even’ the Protit of cecupyme a fortress or tero on the coast, will be dearly purchased with the revenues of the richest and Bost patient of colonies. (Frm the Londen Star (onan of the sbotutionists), an 2 ‘The Message of the President of the United Statds, which We print to-day, 28 by no means a document equal in importsnce to many which of Jate years bave issued frem the same quarter. Not that the topios which are banaled are defictept in interest. On the contrary, the conestion of partis and of domestic polities in the Bhited ‘Siatee is at ibe present time probably more critical than anything thot bas ocourred there since the foundation of the Union. A profoand fecling that some great change is pd pene Bagh Hn in the attitude of both the North end South, The outbreak at "s Ferry, followed, » ? ag we learn by @ telegraphic ceapaich, ‘by a negro insurrection ip The State of Miseouri, are Jacts as upon the rising influence of the absi- Monat ideas, ‘The great democratic party, broken up and disergenized, chiefly by the iniquities of the Dred Scott decison and the dorcer rufflanism perpetrated ia Kansas, recs to have irrecoverably lost tts predomi- pant power tin Congress; and the Soath, aiarmed tuto a panic fear at the occurrences alluded to, and at the pros. pect of a republican Chief Magmtrato being elecied thie year, is abandoning iteelf, ty the of its members, in the still unorganeed se of Representatives, to the wildest excerace of language, and to threat: of a separa- ration fret the Northern States and the erection of ao in depencent Southern slave Union. But all this was patent before Mr. Bocbanan sent this bis last message from the White House, nor wil his exposition of the doctrines of the vonetitution on the question of slavery, oor the assa- rapcer ot his hope that the Harper's Ferry affair wil! ia vite parties 10 unite to avert the danger that otherwise mennors the Union, do much to allay the el-ments of discord. and disunton v hich that wnnotural and cimonious instibu- tion of Narery has called into action. Apart, bowevor, ultoyether, from the qnestions which group themsblyes rounc the domestic conflict, the Message ie vot without interest, and especially w foreign readers. ‘The copic® cornected with the foreign relations of the United States are expounded by the President with a ful- bers, which we, the citizens ef this oid aristocratic mon- archy, tay sigh in vain to see imitated in the commnni tons from the Crown to the Parliament until the princi- Pics of foreign poltcy themselves which are acted upon by the stateemen of the great repadlic fiod moro favor spect fared *eiuh the paragraph we all know. well enough, will ful Commons of the of up the fo expedition » The 7 bow ; Dut the ratiiications of the Amer san is now waste * weary, cays the ‘were exchanged ta dao foria army must Buchana then | at Pee-teang, om the 16th deen had tn of our Wetcride to eae bext tople in the moesage, g to the ner : mark that so long asthe Island of Cube romaine present, no American Presitent will probably ever ap opportunity of officially, dec! the relations bet Dis nation and Spain to be of a friendly character. Mr, Buchanan reiterates the complaints of last year. the ecuniary turpitude of the Cabinet of no doubt will contin it does seem bard that these proad dons ue te, ayment of their just and loag standing debi, tt yaa curs might also hava 2 eoted by ‘the Chinese ory y re~ oe ab have Wee. refuge whilst they are equandering Sin & war infidels which is neither Just nor necessary, ; Congress refused to give the President the power he sought for to enable him to negotiate the Cana | of from Spain. Is it probsbie that that body will now be more compliant? United States people are in earnest about the of the queen of the Antilles. It is possible that the comet cratic party might corny the project bya and it Spain were wise, and really desirous to pets mag. Millcen! possession, the only remuant of all ber oace vast traueatiantic empire, she has only one course to pursues her simu abolish Howey in Cura, end erect im the wlan a constitutional governments This would bave a double operation, but to the tame effect: she slave party in the States cease to covet the wland, and instead would throw all then ‘weaght cgainet the withes of the free State section to gai Gate provides peseaiton tou erent the ba, mn sre the cther. But the power of the South, cou the island lies, would be much greater to prevent hexation as-e free hale, than ia now that of. the forbid its acquisition as a slave State. The e: of the Cuban elaves would, therefore, weaken the dency of the island to gravitate to the Union; and other hand, by following with such modification as be expedient, the poticy of England towards Canada rornewhas an: 8 case, Spain would remove content $f tbe inhabitants of the Spanish race. to these @ chare in the and anarchy of that republic, goon from bad t worse. We believe every cation on the earth who have subjects. in Mexico, bave claims of some kind or other against i¢ for compensation for outrages perpetrated. The United States naturally have suffered most,and Mr. Buchan reiterates big request that military authority should ba. grapted by Con; to take material guarantees. on. reas will certainly not acquiesce in this, atid we cannot elp thinking it well that it should not. If ever tha Mexican republic reaches a state of tranquillity and set. tled government, fair claims will of course be discharged s bot if this be hopeless, it is certain the present later- necine strife cannot last forever—like the famour cate aforesaid, these factions will at length end by, entipg each other up. The bdetter plan ia to wait. Happily fa an iderapie of the Message is devoted to the relations between Engiand and the United States. Closely united in interest by the bonds of come merce, yearly growing more numerous and closer, theag two nations can never bave any. differences so serious ag to lead toa rupture. “At present there is scarcely a cloud. ‘Thd President informs us that the differences arising 1 of the diverge interpretations of the Clayton: Balwer tr are virtually at an end, and only await formal settleme: until certain unforeseen arrangements shall wave bee come to between the British government and the republic of Honduras and Nicaragua. That ts to say, that the nets of Washington and St. James’ are the pr ws ig- thr ing aspect of the question respecting the island of Sam Juan, the United States government, acting by the dis- creet agency of the veteran General ‘soott, has removed all cause of irritation and dapger by ihe superseding of, the too ardent Barney, and the re-establishment of a jotat occupation of the disputed island, until friendly negona- tion shall have determined to which nation it belongs. iy adopting this honorable and upright couree, Mr. Buchanar has vindicated his own reputation a4 a statesman, and tab. isfled bis conscience as an honest man—at the same tima disappointing aby unscrupulous and reckless faction in tha Unior, which might think that by embroiling their coun try with England, thoy could bring the executive power, and patronage within their own grasp. {From the London Chronicle, Jan. 10, As far a8 we can jodge from the summary to us, this second Message of President Buchanan is the whole satisfactory, and very moderate in tone. recent lementable outbreak st r’s Ferry is the point touched on. The President insists on determi. pation to sy; blay “by all lawful means at bh one. Prog pies Tefers to the tmpo a slaves from reflecting on tbe n tcuance of the “domestic ‘mutton’ ie ROL to | Fompeu ina President of tho United States,. Poor Brown met the fate which his frantic ouirago had deserved, pitying bim, bat it mast to excite a civil war of th It is true we cannot. whites—wes 80 or an error in judgment. fol of men, ii 7 hotbed of slavery in the South, 18 much to by deplored, tending still further to widen that breach between th two sections of the Union which threatened to rend Tepublic in twain. It is uot by open rebetiioa against th government of his country aby man can hops to ‘vance the cause of emancipation in America. We sre rejoiced to think that there. ts at prosentn rospect of a ruptare between Amorisa aod Great Bri causes of ¢: it have been either amicab! Fettled or postpon:¢, with’ a fair prospect of mutaat commodation at Lo lod. The Contra! Ame treaty is delayed op account of certain conventions > tween Great Britain on one side, and Honduras and ragua on the other, not having been ratitied as yet. San Juan question is in abeyance, aud awaits the fia verdict of the Boundary Commission. We quote the paragraph on Mexico as reported he suznmary:—I recommen to Congress to pass a uthorizing the President, under such restriction as tb may deem neceesary, to employ mititary force agait] Mexico for the purpose of obtaining indemnisy for Past, and security for the fature. This announcement is somewhat ominous. We that no war of wanton aggression aud spoliation is templated by Presiaent Buchanan. Bat it cannot b nied thatoutrages of the most lawless kind have been perpetrated on American subjecta in Mexico. due to the honer of the country that such crimes ‘de visited at occe with the fullest and most signal tion. And, whetever may come to Mexico, it ia of that no goverument, even a foreign oue, could be than the fy, and has made it appear more like ad wild beasts then the abode of men who claim w b in come sort civilized. TRE ABOLITION MOVEMENT IN RUSS Partial Fallure of the Em Movqment—Discontent and Glow Property Holders. (St. Petersburg EELS comteapoatonee of vy Count Rostoffzoff, Adjutant General of the Emper ‘one of his confidential friends. A ewig its author as a memorial, it is wel! knowa to embo commands of his conseq bas not thought fit to promul, moment of their execution. Tam not allowed too the names of the parties who have obliged me communication of a draft that was certainly n tined to meet the sve the world; but I may fert that the true bg lar terd sre tne ti not be fathomed by any but those fortunat enon tain access to the “memorial,” which I here PROGRESS AND FINAL ISSUE OF THE P: + QUESTION. ‘The following is the memoria! submitted to sideration of the Chief Peasantry Quesiion its President, Adjutant General Rostoifaofl:— By the lst November, 1869, it will be necessary! clude the sre of the following subjects co th The transference of local authority from its olders. 2 The rights and duties of the serfs and do (slaves). i 3. The relations of these two classes to the lan prietors. 4. The village community and its relation to tb ‘The best means of publishing the new s cerning the liberation of the peasantry. 7. A Gnancial “oapt revere Sh ad purchase ‘The Hehed in : sum} agricultural labor—-i e, within the of November, December, January, und issued In autumn, earlier publication will be nes9 the vorthern provinoes ; if in spring, for the From this date the transition in the o the peasantry will commence. Frem this date every peasant will have to stalmenta,and under the guarantee of tho for the lot of ground ceded to him by the landed tor. The latter does not grant an allotment of every siglo individual Im the rustic commuanity, ustie community as a whole. Dering the transition the allotment ceded te every peasant cannot be transferre: taxes will be neduoed for the samo period. Aft stalmente have been paid off, the laud ceded to sant becomes tranaferraple, provided ine #n smount of property large enough to enable his living and to pay the taxe® Should g rustic commurAty f2'1 to pay its i and thereby invalidate the contract between tl landboider, the nobility of the district will be to pay the government taxes fer the wholsef for three years snovessively; but compuleory mitted to pay for the allotments in work. Du: that @ village has to pay tax, or a certain labor to the proprietor, it coatinues in the tren and is not to be considered free.