The New York Herald Newspaper, November 13, 1859, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMe&Ss COKDON BANNHT'D, ROTOR aND PRO/RIETOR QREIVE NW. COBNKK UF PASSAU AND EOLTON aie dar Postruse amps not rervbged «ia sir 8 pe SPERMS, cot in adranie. Monay sent by mall wild in hak. of the 900 “rae DAILY BERALD. woo bac 8 « THO WEEKLY HERALD every Satur ;, or $3 per annum, the Karyoun Eli Pe ey Et tow OF the ontiorn bth? cles prast wpa Baljrorets Patsurn om the th ont Mh of ach: moral kobe coe or BLO per armen. THY RAHILY HERALD on Weinestay, at four vente nev spy, SE nnnan OLN tay NORKESPONDENCB, containing importim ews, eoldedted a; UF ase wall be from any quarter of tha wworkd; Sie WokeiaN DoReRTUNURN TS <ue PasticuLaawy Reavesren to Tear aus, LErrens amp Pao ‘Ages sent oS =: ceammereeres AMUSEMENTS TC-MORROW EVENING, AOADEMY OF MUSIO, Fourteenth strect—Irauan OrE- Ba—THe BiOHAN VaarnKs NIBLO'S GARDEN, Kroadtway.—Sk ANDY Maguias—Cos- roms or THE CouNTuY—Latzst rho NEW Yous. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery —Tauer Fras i tom Lire or 4 Ftkemax—Loom oF DEViLie—LAuGHing Hrema. WINTER GARDEN, Broadway, opposite Bond mrect.— Bue. WALLACK'S THEATRE, Broadway.—Wareok Azzons— To Para and Back. LAUBs KEHNE'® THEATRE, 64 Broadway.—Wire's Beoaet—Nonma. SOWERY THEATSS, Bowery.—Fast Womwex Or Tas Movers Trae BABNUM'S AMERICAN MUSEUM, broadway.—aAfer- n0co—FOUNDLING ov THe ForRst. ' Kveming—lavy or Lyons—Pasxomenon in 4 Smock Fuoox. WOOD'S MINSTKEL®, 114 Broadway.—Semorun Somas, Danous, &o.—Mask Kau BRYANTS MiNSTRELS, Mechanics Hail, 472 Brosdway.— * ‘War Downs Sotr ix Dum. NIBLO'S BALLOON, Broudway.—Gno. Cunuser’s Min- Oreme ir Sonas, Dasoxs, Suuiesquxs, &c.—MIsroRTUXES or Dowinxn Swirss, NEW OPERA HOUSE. 72 broadway.—Drarton’s Par Lom Orssas and Lraio Paovenss. CHATHAM AMPHITHEATRE.—Eqvurstaian Pserors- ances, Comic Paxtomiags, &c- COOPER INSTITUTE—De. Scuppen’s Lecture ox 4 Hinpoo Teaere, Hixpoo Worsuie ano Caste. Now York, Sunday, November 13, 185%, —————————— The News. The steamship Arago sailed from this port yes- terday, for Southampton and Havre, with 112 pas- Bengers and $513,439 ia specie. The case of the ship Emily, which was seized on the coust of Africa by a United States vessel of war and sent home, was brought before Commission- er White yesterday, who assigned Monday asthe day for holding an examination. The persons found on board the ship when she was captured were put under bonds, the captain, mate and two others in $3,000 each, and the seamen in $1,000 each, to an- ewer the charge of violating the laws by serving on board a ship engaged in the slave trade. The obsequies of the late Senator Broderick, under direction of Engine Company No. 34, of which he was once foreman, will occur to-day. ‘The procession will form at one o'clock, the right resting on Christopher street, near the engine honse, aud will move up Hudson street to Four. teenth, up Fourteenth to Broadway, down Broad- way to the Park, up Chatham street andthe Bowery to Union square, and thence down University place to the University building, where an oration will be delivered by J. M. Dwinnelle, of Rochester, at four o'clock. A special meeting of the Board of Councilmen ‘was held last evening to take into consideration a resolution in favor of changing the election polls in the Seventh and Thirteenth wards. A resolution presented by Mr. Babcock, in favor of dividing the | Nineteenth ward into six election districts, was adopted, that gentieman stating that over fifty per- Sons were turned away for waut of opportunity to vote last Tuesday. The Bvard concurred with the Aldermen in making slight alterations in the elec- tion districts of the Seventh and Thirteenth wards, Mr. Ottarson offered a resolution, which was adopt- ed, directing that the inspectors and canvassers chosen at the November election be appointed in | the districts where they may reside by the subsequent amendments made to the ordinance to discharge their duties at the forthcoming Decem- ber election. An invitation to attend the Broderick | obsequies was accepted. Several reports and papers from the Board of Aldermen were received and !aid over, after which the Board adjourned till Mondsy. Additional extracts of iuterest from our European files are given in the Heraup to-day, including a résumé of the progress of the electric telegraph in that conntry and Australia, a statistical account of the force of the steam navy of England, and his- torical reminiscences of the old wails of the city of Paris, now almost obliterated by the great exten- Bion of the French capital. ‘The Falet of cotton yesterday embraced about 2,500 bales, 1,800 of which were sold in transit, closing on the Dasis of 1114c. a 114¢¢., chiefly at the inside figure. The news of the advancing tendency in prices at Liverpool ems to have been counteracted by accounts of the large atthe Southern ports. It may be rema that evsion of railways, which now penetrate the principal cotton districts, combined with the navigable condition of the Southern rivers, has afforded unusual faci- lities for getting the crop early to market. At last accounts the receipts since the 1st of September had reached 752,000 Dales, and by ihe first or second week in January they may Teach over 1,000,000 bales, or fully, if not over, one-fourth Of the whole estimated crop of 1859, a result without pre- Cedent. It is this enterprise of the Americans in grow- ing und sending so large a yield to market in such a brief pace of time, which gives the United States the markets of the world for the most important staple ever grown— gn article on which is based the chief commercial ex- Changes of the civilized globe. Of the receipts at tho ports ‘we have, since the first of September last, exported 315,- 000 bales, which, at the average value of $50 por bale of 450 Ibs. cach, amounts to the sum of $15,600,000. To con- vey this cotton to Europe would give cargoes to 156 ships, of the capacity of 2,000 bales each, which, at an average freight of }4d. or 1 cont per Ib., or $450 per bale, would yield an aggregate freightage of $1,204,000 received, in about two months and chief- ly by Northern ship owners. The demand for cotton ships bas also caused freights to advance in this market. ‘This large shipment of cotton, in such a brief space of time, by augmenting the supply of foreign exchange: has reduced the rates below the specie exporting point, and relieved the New York banks of any further eeri- ous drain for the present, and emboldened them to suddenly enlarge their loanz, in a week or fortnight, to between one and two million of dollars, ‘thus securing ease and confidence in the money market. ‘Flour was firm, but less active. The lower grades again Closed at a aight advance, while most other descriptions ‘Were unchanged. Southern flour was also firm, and in good demand. Wheat continued in good demand, while Prices ruled firm. Corn was scarce, and firm for yellow $1 02a $1 03, Pork was steady and in fair demand, ‘with sales of mess at $15, and of prime at $10 60. Sugars ‘Were steady but quiet, the sales being limited. Freight ‘Wngagements were quite moderate, while previous rates ‘Were sustained, A Lire Assurance Company OVERHAULED.— We publish in another column the principal Portion of the last supplement to the late re- port of the Insurance Commissioners of Massa- chusetts upon the International Life Assu- rence Company, a London concern, doing usiness in Boston, and in Wall street, New York. The reportspeaks for itself, and needsno <¢omment, Parties who have policies with the company in question will do well to read and ¢tudy it, If the Insurance Commissioners of Massachusetts are rightly informed, this con- ‘orn ought to be attended to forthwith. These egich companies have done us mischief enough; every kind were effected at home, ‘The Organ'zation of the Now Congress One of our republican city cotemporaries, somewhat devoted to political statistios, claasi- fies the new House of Representatives. which ble at Washington ou the fess Mon- ember, as follows:— Anu Lecompton demecs South Americans , Total 3T Majority’ 19 in this classification the whole of the Illiagia Doug!as members, five in number, are counted in among the adainistration democrats; and so fur as relates to the House organization, this classification, we think, will prove to be cor- rect. The republicans, however, requiring only six votes to make up a majority, will, in all probability, be able to get them from the cight remaining anti-Lecompton men, to wit:— Clark, Harkin and Reynolds, of New York; Adrain and Riggs, of New Jersey; Hickman xod Schwartz, of Pennsylvania, and Johu G. Davis, of Indiana. Each of these men, elected over the regular democratic candidate in his district by the suffrages of the republican par- ty, owes a debt to that party, which is under- stood to be the support of the republican can- didate for Speaker of the House. At all events, the republicans appear to be sauguine of the House organization on the first day, if not on the first ballot of the session, and they count 2s confidently upon the support of the anti-Le- comptonites outsido of Illinois, as if a contract upon the subject had been signed und sealed. Under the supposition that the Speaker will } thus be elected, and that the lucky republican { will be Sherman, of Ohio, (of the Kansas Inves- , tigating Committee of 1856,) or Galusha A. Grow, of Pennsylvania, and that the other officers of the House will be made the conve- nicut appendages to the Speakership, what will be the consequences to the democratic party? A series of investigating committees, researches and reports touching all the public enormities, spoils, corruptions, extravagances, wustages and robberies of which this party stand ac- cused, in connection with the present adminis- tration and that of poor Pierce. In view of these investigations, Mr. Buchanan has nothing to fear; for he has labored fuithfully and con- stantly, from first to last, to correct the abuses and reduce the enormous budget of federal ex- penditures, ordinary and extraordinary, which were transmitted to him from poor Pierce. If, in these labors, on account of the factious de- moralizations of the democratic majority in the last Congress, Mr. Buchanan has been unable to do much in the way of positive retrenchmonts and reforms, he has still prevented much mis- chief, in arresting and defeating various grasp- ing spoils and plunder schemes of an unseru- pulous lobby. But while our prudent and diligent President may thus safely challenge every variety of in- vestigations, the responsible democratic party for all the federal extravagances of the last eight or ten years will be apt to suffer very severely. We dare say that the reports of these | inevitable opposition investigating committees will be drawn up with an especial eye to the most damaging facts and figures aguinst the de- | mocracy in the Presidential campaign. It will be well, therefore, for our democratic Con- gressional leaders and managers to prepare for these committecs and revelations; and if the democratic Senate can thus bring about a i series of investigations and disclosures con- cerning the Harper's Ferry affair, which will seriously implicate some of the chiefs of the re- publican party, the efforts of the opposition House to impeach the democracy upon the spoils may, perhaps, be neutralized. In any event, let the democracy prepare for a republican organization of the House, and for such an overbauling of the democratic disburse- ments of the government spoils and plunder of all sorts for the last eight or ten years as will astonish the country. Tue Cnerver-Srvrceon CorresponpENce—A_ Porrtico-Revicious Tempest ty a Teapot.—An effort has been made in certain quarters to get up another religious and political storm in the Church of the Puritans, Union square, because its pastor appealed to the anti-slavery senti- ment in England for pecuniary aid. There is nothing very novel, very wonderful or very objectionable in that. If Dr. @heever found that his fashionable congregation were rather stingy and could not be got to pay liberally enough for the discourses which he is in the habit of preaching to them, we do not see why he was not perfectly justified in appealing to his brother Spurgeon, over the water, who ap- pears to be the pet of old dowagers, and is consequently in a way of helping less fortunate laborers in the vineyard. We are never our- selves without clerical mendicants collecting funds for the conversion of the Africans, or the Chinese, or the Hindoos, or for the evangeliza- tion of the Irish, and not unfrequently we are appealed to for contributions to revo- lutionize Hungary, Italy, Ireland and other oppressed nationalities, No one can tell very well what becomes of the moneys contributed te any of these purposes; and it is in vain that we appeal periodically to Horace Greeley for an account of the Slieve- gammon fund. If Dr. Cheever found it neves- sary to commission a collector in the British isles, and to write to Mr. Spurgeon or any other preacher for assistance in the matter, he was only doing unto others what others are eter- nally doing unto us, and it was no business of Mr. Jefferson Brick’s or anybody else’s. Senator Seward, Senator Sumner, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Fred. Douglass, and ether dis- tinguished abolitionists, male and female, black and white, do not hesitate to throw themselves into the arms of the Dukes and Duchesses of Exeter Hall, and to palaver them into a social and pecuniary recognition of their services in the anti-slavery cause. And if these are sus- tained in doing so we do not see why Dr. Cheever should be debarred from trying his luck in the same quarter. We have not heard with what degree of success his efforts have been attended, and, indeed, that is an aside issue. It may be, however, that Seward ex- pects aid from Exeter Hall in the next Presi- dential contest, and that, not wishing any of the spare funds of that institution to be di- verted into other American channels, he di- rected his obsequious man Jack, the Hon. Jef- ferson Brick, to blow up Dr. Cheever. That military hero, however, with his usual luck, has found himself countermined, and has been blown skyhigh by the belligerent pastor of the Church of the Puritans. For full particulars read the correspondence in to-day’s Heri. itis high time that all insurance of | The Contest Between Christian and Moor—A New Floment in European Complications, ‘There is great sensitiveness in England, and with reason, ut the gathering of fleets and armies in the vicinity of Gibraltar. That im- portant point is one of the sentinels along the most frequented route to her Indian posses- sions, and she looks with jealous eye on any- thing that shuli menace its safety or even di- minish its importance. Such « result may accrue from the approach- ing war between Spain and Morocco, Tarifa, a fortress on the Spanish shore of the Straite, has no great importance white the other shore is free; but should the Moorish town of Taa- giers come into possession of Spain, the two fortified points would acquire together an im- portance which separate they never can obtain. Besides this, the towa of Gibraltae derives now the greater part of the supplies for its population from the Moorish mart of Tangiers. The movement of Spain against Morocco car- ries with it the probable conquest and occupa- tion of the Moorish coast; and while this would diminish the value of Gibraltar in somo de- gree, it also adds to the necessity of greater watchfulness in its defence. The growing naval power of Spain, in possession of the two ports of Tarifa and Tangiers, would constitute amoral power over the commerce of the Strait of Gibraltar that could be wielded with great effect in the diplomatic complica- tione cf Europe. Whether this be the sole reason that animates Louis Napoleon to spur Spain on against Mo- ( rocco or not, it is of itself a sufficient one to jawaken the commercial sensitiveness of Eag- land. She has done all she could to prevent f the breaking out of the war. At one time it ' was thought that she had arranged the dispute satisfactorily, and induced the new Emperor of the Moors to render satisfaction to Spain; and the British Ministers have evinced no little feel- ing at their disappointment. On former occa- sions her jealous watchfulness has also been aroused. When Louis Philippe sent a French fleet to bombard Mogador and Tangiers, she was equally officious, and long before that had protested against the occupatioa of Algiers by France. The conquests of the French have been carried close up to the eastern bounda- ries of Morocco, and the historic conflict of Kurope against Northern Africaseems now des- tined to another renewal. That conflict has always had an important effect on the affairs of Europe. From the conquest of Carthage old Rome went to subdue Spain. From the subju- gation of Italy Hannibal was recalled to en- counter Scipio. From Spain the Vandals poured over Northern Africa, and their power played no unimportant part in urging the Goths upon Italy. Belisarius gathered his greenest laurels on the same scene, and went from there to deliver Rome. When the Turks were driven back from the gates of Vienna the Saracens poured from Africa over Spain, and shook the kingdoms of Western Europe. Charles V. followed their retreating footsteps into Morocco, from whence he was recalled to look after the safety of his German and Italian empire. In all these surgings of the tide of conquest, and particularly those since the Christian era, areligious conflict has formed an important element. Catholic Rome encountered the Arianism of the Vandals, and Catholic Spain fought the Moslem. In these wars the chivalry of all Southern Europe was enlisted, and in renewing it now Louis Napoleon has touched a cbord that will vibrate strongly in bigotted Spain, and perhaps awaken a new enthusiasm in the ultramontane party in France and Italy. Atallevents, it will weaken, ifit does not divert, the attack that party is now making on him. Already it has diverted Spain from its contem- plated proffer of an army to the Pope, and is leading England to consent to come into a general Congress of the European Powers for the settlement of the Italian question. The Pope, thus deprived of support from Spain, with Austria held at bay, and the ultramontane party in France turned towards a semi-religious crusade, will be forced to admit the wishes of the Italian people and modify the temporal tyranny of his government. Thus, the Spanish war against the Moors may awaken many old springs of political action in Europe, and create some new ones out of the new relations that have grown up with com- merce. But even if it should be limited to the simple pitting of Spain against Morocco, and the awakening of the jealousy of England, it brings new complications and new questions into the diplomatic contest that is now going onin Europe. Of this contest Louis Napoleon is thus far the master spirit, the Pope the Sphinx, and the ultramontanist the Quixotic knight. Progress or Sansaty Rerorm—Great Svo- CESS OF THE SaBbaTARtANs.—The Sabbatarians are accomplishing wonderful moral and Chris- tian reforms, among which may be reckoned the exhibition of obscene pictures in public 80 true to nature that in no particular do they differ from life. They have achieved another victory—the destruction to some extent of the occupation of the industrious newsboys. This is the only result from their labors, of late, with one single exception—the conversion of the Jews. It seems ihat their arguments, failing to convince any of the Christian sects, have been attended with remarkable efficacy in the case of the Israelites. The reasoning found to be conclusive was this: by observing Satur- day as their Sabbath, and having little or no business on Sunday, the children of Abraham lose two days in the week instead of one. By changing the day to Sunday they would only lose one business day, and be placed, in their enterprise of selling old clothes and shay- ing notes, on the same level with the rest of the trading, commercial and finan- cial community. This argument is said to have proved irresistible; and very soon we may expect to see every store in Chatham street open on Saturday and closed on Sunday. As the Jews could not persuade the Sabbata- rian Christians to adopt their day—the original old Sabbath—the Jews concluded to go with the crowd, and in imitation of the Christians in the second age of the church to change their Sabbath to Sunday. By this important revolution the Shylocks will make more “monish;” and they have just as good aright to change the day of rest as either ancient or modern Christians. Many hold that all that is required of either Christians or Jews is to keep one day out of seven, no matter what that day is. If such be the case, then by all means, for the sake of business and mutual convenience, let the same day be ob- served by all citizens—Jews ond Gentiles, NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 1859. saints and sinners, We are glad the Israelites have come to this sensible resvlutioa, and we congratulate the Christian Sabbatarians on thoir distinguished success in bringing about so extraordinary @ conversion, marked by all the sigus of saving grace. The Central Park—Its Social, Moral, Sani- tary and Financial Influences. On last Saturday a very important movement towards the completion of the silent revolution which is taking place in this metropolis was made by the Commissioners of the Central Park. They threw open to the public one of the grand drives in the Park, a magnificent promenade four miles in extent, This is added to the attractions of the Ramble, the rural beauties of which are gratefully enjoyed on every Sabbath by thousands of the overworked, badly lodged and poorly fed people of this great metropolis, Every day we begin to appreciate more and more, and better and better, the refining and elevating influences of our great Park. It will cause in the first place a marked social revo- lution. Comparing favorably in every mate- rial way with the parks of London and Paris, it will still be free from the imputation of being a servile copy of the European public grounds and squares. In London and Paris the number of people of great wealth is much larger in proportion to the population than it is in New York. There is, likewise, in the great tinctive class, which includes the man of leisure, or the man about town, who has no earthly way of killing time without outdoor sports. This class of men, attachés to fashiona- ble society, may always be found on horseback in the park, joining in the fashionable prome- nade, before dinner. They canter here and there, now stopping to criticise each other’s horses or clothes, now riding up to an elegant equipage and dropping a compliment or the lust bon mot into the ear of its fair ocoupant, and thus getting over the awful period between lunch and dinner. This interesting class of the community have means, lodgings, where a man keeps his clothes and sometimes sleeps; he lives at a club, and spends half his time on horse- back. Others of the upper classes—the no- bility and gentry, the gouty earls, young sena- tors and placemen, belles just coming out and fat dowagers just going in—all in the most magnificent equipages, throng the parks every afternoon; and while they make up a scene of gayety, fashion and frivolity almost bewilder- ing, at the first view, to an American, they com- pletely ignore and extinguish the lower and middle classes, who, if they could afford it, would never think of competing in show with their hereditary rulers. In this country, happily, such distinctions are almost unknown. To-day Mr. Coupon, of Wall street, may drive a magnificent equipage in the Park, although he would never think of doing so until after he had swallowed his hasty din- ner, while his bootmaker foots it about the Ramble. But next year things may tumble to pieces in Wall street: Coupon’s horses may go to the block, and be displayed in the Park by the suddenly enriched artisan. Such things often happen here, and therefore there cannot be—no matter how much people may arrogate to themselyes—such a thing as an aristocratic class in this country. The mechanic who drives his' wife and children in a hired “buggy” feels every bit as good as Mr. Ledger Bonner with his ten thousand dollar equipage. So the Park drives will present a more varied and homo- geneous aspect than those of London and Paris. Socially, people will be brought more nearly to each other than they can be upon a dusty road, where there are no regulations as to the manner of driving and the rate of speed. In other words, when people find themselves in good company, on a quiet and well regulated park promenade, the fastest man will be sub- dued, and will drive like a gentleman, not a jockey. There will be, of course, a great deal of rivalry in equipages, just as the women rival each other in dress; but all this tends to help along the Park. In this matter of private car- riages New York has wonderfully progressed during the past ten years; but that is nothing to the effect of the Park on the carriage busi- ness during the next decade. Equestrianism, too, will be a great feature in the Park. The value of such exercise to pro- fessional men and persons of sedentary habits, and its real enjoyment, are universally acknow- ledged; but until the Park was opened there has been no proper place for horseback riding. Now the number of equestrians to be seen in the Park is over fifty every morning, and the present difficulty is a lack of properly trained saddie horses. This want will soon be reme- died, and we understand that a movement is now on foot for the opening of stables exclu- sively for the sale and hire of good horses for the saddle, Clubs of equestrians of both sexes are also suggested, and will doubtless be formed during the coming spring. The moral influences of the Park are so closely connected with its social, sanitary and artistic aspects, that the one cannot be logically separated from the other. All classes will be benefitted by it, according to the good old classical maxim, a sound mind in a sound body: but its greatest work is to be done among the degraded and imbrutified young men and boys who form the underground population of the city. Shut up in cellars or noisome tenant houses, they have no reseurce but the low grogshop, where alcoholic poison soon obliterates all the natural good feeling they ever had, makes them rowdies and bruis- ers, and fits them for the Court of Sessions and the penitentiary. The law cannot extirpate this class, pious tracts will not reach them, nor the prayers of the parsons save them. It was urged, when the idea of the Park was initiated, that the rowdies would spoil it; but so far there seems no danger of that. The influences of Nature are ever gentle and soothing, and we believe that our roughs will be in a measure humanized by the beauties of the Park. At any rate they will do it no harm, while it will, in individual cases at least, do them a great deal of good. Perhaps the Central Park may yet do the work in which all the reformers have failed, and by making our people proud of their great city, arouse them to some com- bined movement to reform its corrupt, extraya- gant and almost worthless municipal govern- ment. Financially the Central Park has confounded all the croakers. It has doubled the value of property in its vicinity, and eventually the in- crease will pay for the Park itself. The city is now built over as high as Fiftieth street, nine blocks below the southerly boundary of the European cities, a dis-, Park. Above Fiftieth street to the northerly end of the island we shall have a new city. Here are eighty thousand building lota, which in a very few years will be ocoupied with splendid nransions; so that the Park will be absolutely the centre of a vast wilderness of brick, stone, marble and iron, It will then be the joy and the pride and the daily beauty in the lives of at least a million and a half of peo- ple, dwellers and sojourners in one of the greatest cities that the world has ever seen. Tax Roman Question—Imminency ov a Con. FLICT IN THE Le@ations.—-From the present aspect of things in the Roman Legations, it is not unlikely that the action of the Congress which is about to be convened will be fore- stalled by the population of those provinces. The success which has attended the national movement in the Central States will no doubt embolden them to take the decision of the questions affecting their political future into their own handa, They will be urged to this by two additional motives : first, the certainty of finding support from the military onganiza- tion under Garibaldi; and secondly, the appre- hension of having the bloody scenes of Perugia at any moment re-enacted by the hordes of mer- cenaries who are being pressed into the Papal eervice. If the statements that reach us are correct, a determination has been taken by the Roman and Neapolitan governments to antici- pate themselves the decisions of the Congress, for they have the strongest grounds for appre- hending that they will not be favorable to the maintenance of their present political systems. These are not only odious and indefensible in themselves, but they are too disgusting and dangerous for the tranquillity of Eu- rope not to be subjected by that body to modifications which will reduce them to the conditions of constitutional monarchies, Thus there are on both sides the strongest motives for precipitating a conflict. The people of the Roman States yearn for an entire emancipation from ecclesiastical thral- dom, which it is certain the arrangements of the Congress will not give them. They are eager, no doubt, also, to form part of that grand scheme of Italian unity which recognises Victor Emanuel as its only legitimate head, and this the Congress will equally refuse to accord. Let them conquer their own inde- pendence in the interval, and then their posi- tion will be entirely altered. If England be represented in the Congress she will be bound to observe the same principle in regard to the Pontifical States that she has pledged herself to maintain in regard to the Duchies—namely, not to force the inclinations of a free people. The chances arising from an immediate move- ment are therefore too advaatageous not to justify the belief that it requires but a slight excuse to provoke it. The people of the Legations will, however, we believe, be spared the necossity of taking the initiative. From the preparations making by the Neapolitan and Roman governments, it seems as if the latter are determined to hasten a collision. It is asserted, we know not with how much truth, that his Holi- ness has embodied upwards of thirty thousand galley slaves, who have re- ceived their pardons on condition of taking arms in his service. In addition to these, numbers of foreign mercenaries, principally Austrians, are daily swelling the ranks of his army. The government of Naples has, on its side, not been idle. Large levies have been raised; all the principal garrisons have been strengthened, and extensive purchases have been made of war material. These steps have not been taken merely to await quietly the ar- rangements of the Congress. The two govern- ments have evidently come to the conclusion that it is better for them to forestall its deci- sions and to leave to that body simply the task of rectifying them. Under such circumstances a conflict is clearly inevitable, and is at any moment to be looked for. It will be asked if France will permit a breach of the slatu quo pending the negotiations in which she is engaged in reference to the settlement of Italy. If the obstinacy of the Pontiff and his disregard of the Emperor’s ad- vice lead him to ruin his own cause by further acts of violence, he will unquéstionably place it out of the power of Louis Napoleon to stand between him and his total political destitution. And yet this is the course on which this foogjsh old man and his evil counsellor, Anto- nelli, appear bent. Instead of listening to the recommendations of sagacious and liberal minded Catholic statesmen who have at heart the real interests of the Church, hejallies the fate of the Pontificate with the fortunes of the Neapolitan government, the most infamous and odious of the despotisms under which the people of Italy have groaned. Although Louis Napoleon has entered into a treaty agreemont with Austria to press upon the Pope the expe- diency of certain reforms in his government, he has not pledged himself to guarantee the latter against the consequences of his refusal. If, therefore, he perseveres in his intention of resisting the political concessions demanded of him, and engages besides in an armed league against his own subjects, it is probable that the Emperor will withdraw his troops from Rome, and leave the Roman question to settle itself after the fashion of that of the Duchies. Ewicration To Catirornta—Since the fares of the California steamers have been lowered there has been a great rush of emigration in that direction. Every vessel goes out laden to her utmost capacity, and the inconvenience and discomfort endured on the voyage are de- scribed as almost equal to the sufferings of the middle passage. The majority of the persons who brave all this of course only do so in the hope of bettering their fortunes. It is greatly to be feared that the privations of the outward voyage will be to but too many of them the prelude to greater physical trials) The Golden State is no longer what it was for adventurers in 1848-49. The mines are overworked, the prizes of industry and commercial speculation are monopolized by the old residents, and em- ployment of every kind is as scarce and diffi- cult to be obtained as in our Northern States, We fear that those who are now going out without other means than their passage money will have occasion to repent of their rashness, and will be but too glad to return home if thoy can find an opportunity. But the difficulty of obtaining means to do this will be the crowning anxiety of their position, and those who have not as yet decided upon the ill-advised step of leaving a certainty on such vague chances wil) do well to think twice before they contri- bute to swell the number of idlers and loafers with whom San Francieco already abounds, Pasiionart wonrMTS Proores or Tea Orena Sxason. The winter season having sew thoroughly eet in, and the city being compare. tively barren of pleasure travellers, the Opera and the theatres have to cater directly to me- tropolitan tastes, and « somewhat lively com- petition is the result, This will grow stronger 48 we approach the Christmas holidays, aad the season of balls, parties, soirées, musicales and for the Opera, but latterly demy hahituds remain in the tober. The effect of this is ceeding! pressing, for at least balf the flo ty of the Opera go to see the audience than to hear the artists. This Places the control of the Opera in the hands class which demands a high order of enter. tainment, and when they do not get it quiedg let the Opera go on by itself. Io this couatey it is ap yet a child of tender age and uncertain health, requiring the most delicate and inces- sant attention. The present Opera season, as every ene knows, had a bad beginning. The new artists did not satisfy the public, and the public growled. More than that, tho public stayed many of sisted by the best of the recent im- portations, restored public confidence ie part, and then the managers played their tramp card, the “Sicilian Vespers,” one of the latest and most noted works of the most popular master of the day—Signor Verdi. Leaving the music out of the question, the “ Vespers” isa fine dramatic spectacle, and its ensemble, as it is done at the Academy, surpasses all pre- ceding theatrical shows on this stage. There is the inevitable and refreshing difference of opinion among the critics about the musical merits of the “ Vespers;” but with the puplie & has been eminently successful. Brought owt upon the eve of an election, and when a very influential and numerous class of Opera-goers were absorbed in the Schiller festival, the “Wee- pers” did not really have a fair hearing untél its third performance, when the house was more numerously attended than on the first night, So flattering has been the success of the new opera, that the d.but of the new prima dona, Albertini, which it was setiled should take place on Monday or Tuesday of this week, has been postponed until Thursday, and the “ Vee- pers” remains in the programme for two nights more at least. So it appears that Napoleon Ullman and Field Marshal Strakosch have redeemed the early errors of their campaign, and regained, in a great degree, the confidence of the fashion- able world, and from now till the end ef the month we may expect to see on every Opera night a full muster of the cr?me dela créme, making the Academy glorious with the youth, beauty und genius of the metropolis, ,and inspiring both managers and artists with “new energy, and an ardent resolution to coa- quer success, even in the face of misfortune. THE LATEST NEWS. The Outrages on the Rio Grande, New ORLEANS, Nov. 12, 1668. ‘The Delta has a letter dated Corpus Christi, the Tie m- stant, which says that it is almost certain that Browms- ville has fallen into the hands of Cortinas. The Mexicam flag was flying above the town, and all communication had been cut off, The entire population on voth sides of the Rio Grande were in arms, with the intention of exter. minating the Americans, and reconquering the country © the Colerado river. The news is contirmed by affidavite of citizens of Cameron county who had to fly to save ther lives. Anothor affidavit says that the frontier of the Rie Grande is in a state of war, and that Cortinas is sustained by the Mexican population. The most earnest appeals. had been made for aid. Eighty men were advancing te the relief of Brownsville, but they will have to encounter the band of Cortinas, numbering seven hundred men. Colonel Robert E. Lee succeeds Gonoral Twiggs. Only fifty government troops have gone to Brownsville, ‘Texas, by the steamer Arizona. From Washington. Wasuinctox, Nov. 12, 1869. The Postmaster General has decided to postpone all ae- tion on the bids for carrying tho mails from Portiand te New Orleans until Congress shall indicate its course with. regard to the appropriations for the Department. The representatives of the various railroad interests who had offered proposals, now here, were not a little digappoiated at the announcement. Judge Douglas is much better to-day, and the early re- covery of his health is now anticipated. Anothor Victim of the Election Riots im Baltimore. Bartimors, Noy. 12, 1869, Charles Pargett, who was shot in the Second ward of this city on election day, by a rowdy, dicd of his wounds this morning. The deceased was at tho time trying ta rescue a friend whom the rowdics were trying to force te vote against his will. The man who did the doed was arrested yesterday. coin Ta Cae A ID The New Jersey Election. Trenton, N. J.,,.Noy. 12, 1869. The final result makes the Legislature stand as follows: Senate—Twelvo democrats, eight Opposition, one straight American. House—Thirty demoorats, twenty-eight op- Position, two straight Americans. The democratic majer- ity on joint ballot is three, ———_______ News from Boston. Boston, Nov. 12, 1859. ‘The Supremo Court to-day decided adversely on the writ of habeas corpus for the liberation of Mr. Burnham, the ex-liquor agent, and he was rocommittod to jail. Francis Jackson Merriam, of Boston, who was reported to have been with Brown in the Harpor’s Ferry insurree” tion, and subsequontly to have died of his wounds in Phi” ladelphia, is alive and at prosent in Canada. The Four Thousand Dollar Loss at Mont- real. Moytrrat, Nov. 12, 185% A reward of $500 has been offered for the recovery of the four one thousand dollar bills of the Commerciat Bank of Canada, lost here last week. There are now only five bills of this denomination on the bank out, ia- cluding the four lost. Payment has been stoppod at all the banks, ——_—_____. A United States Marshal Found Guilty of Murder. Port Sarma, 0. E., Nov. 12, 1859, Tho jury in the case of United States Marshal Tyler, who shot the Captain of the vessel which ho had seized for smuggling, to-day brought in a verdict of guilty of murder in the second degree. —_________.., Collision at Sea. Provipencx, Nov. 12, 1869. The sloop Planet, of Brookhaven, from Port Ewen, with coal for an Eastern port, was run into by a schooner on Friday morning, and sunk. The wreck lies about twenty rods 8. 8. W. of Hart Island, with the mast ton foct out of water. Auction Sale of Market Stalls in Phila~ delphia. Pw.apeirma, Nov. 12, 1859. ‘Tho auction sale of the stalls in the Eastern closed to-day, realizing premiums of nearly $100,000. Disaster to Schooner ‘Swan. ‘Wimnaton, N. C., Nov. 12, 1860 ‘The schooner Woodbine has arrived hero from New