The New York Herald Newspaper, November 13, 1859, Page 1

OE HE NEW YORK HERAL WHOLE NO. WAR WITH THE MOORS. MOROCCO: ITS PAST AND PRESENT. PREPARATIONS OF FRANCE AND SPAIN, THE CASUS BELLI, &a,, &., &e ‘Merocoo, the Mauritania of the ancients, is likely te bo ‘4 this moment the scene of a Spanish wvasion, and there- flere a slight eketch of the country and the causes which have led to hostiliiies, may not be uninteresting to our readers. Morocco proper is one of the ancient States into which ‘Whe vast region known as Barbary was divided. It was ‘@hiefly peopled by Moors, Numedians and Phonician co- Denists. It attained great celebrity under the dominion of ‘the Carthagonians, but it was afterwards subject to the Romans, and subsequently to that it was occupied for ‘nearly a century by the Vandals, The whole of Barbary ‘was finelly taken from the Romans (Byzantines) by tho Arabs in the year 697. Ithas a coast line along the Me- @iterranean 200 miles long, and bordering tho Atlantic nearly 600 miles long. Algiers forms a part of the east- mm frontier, and on all the other sides it terminates @m tho wide expanso of the desert. The people who inhabit these distant regions, in proportion aa they are removed from the seat of empire, shake off the restraint of sovereign authority, till at last they set ‘the pqwor of the Sultan at deflanco. Some Ave centuries ago those extensive plains, which are now the abode of tigers and hyenas, wore illumined by academies, uni- ‘wersitios and libraries, and the gay and fertile shores of Maaritania, where commerce, and arts, and agriculture had arisen to the highest prosperity, are now the nests of pirates, who epread terror om the seas, and who retire from their wicked labors to the most shameful d»bauche- ries, tll the annual return of the plague which ravages ‘those coasts comes to mark out its victims and to avenge efended humanity. In this vast extent of country nothing 4y%0 be found but ignorance, terror and death. This is @e picture a writer has drawn of this portion of the pre- sent empire of Morocco. The basis of the population is formed of what aro called Moors, cons'sting of the origi- mal people now mixed with their Arab conquerors and ‘wih the tribes who have at verious times poured in from @Ro African deserts; to these is added a considerable Bamber of tho Moors whose ancestors once reigned in Spain; all these being moulded nearly into one by the strict and uniform character of the Mahomedan ob- servances. ‘The present Empire of Morocco is the most westerly of ‘hose countries generally known as the Barbary States, which lie between the shores of the Mediterrancan on the worth and the Sahara or Great Sandy Desert on the south. IN is separated from Algiers, a considerable portion of which is now in tho hands of the French, by a small river, ‘which empties itself into the Mediterranean. From this @mbouchure the northern or Moditerrancan boundary stretches along, ina direction nearly due west, until it eaobes Cape Spartel, at the entrance of the Straits of Gibraltar, about 200 miles, Here the western boundary eommences, running along the shores of the Atlantic for nearly 600 miles. The southern boundary is not proporly defined, and the jurisdiction of the Emperor extends or ‘eesers in that direction according to the movements of the wandering tribes which inhabit this portion of the euntry. Morocco, then, may be considered as including a paral- Jelogram of ground, 500 miles long and 200 broad, bounded Dy Algiers on the cast, by the desert on the south, by the Atlantic on the west, and by the Straits of Gibraltar and the Mediterranean on the north, An interesting goo- grapbical feature of this country is the chain of mountains which traverse it throughout its whole extent, dividing it into two nearly equal portions—one half to the north and ‘wost, the other half to the south and east. This is the great Atlas chain, whose lofty summits, towering to the elouds, struck the poetic fancy of the ancicnts, and gave rise to the mythological fable of Atlus bearing the world ‘wpon his shoulders. The principal cities of Morocco are Morocco, the capital, and the residence of the Emperor; Foz, the capital of a province, larger and more populous than Morocoo; Mogadore, Tangier and Totuan, the resi- dence of the diplomatic agents of foreign nations. These two latter cities are important from their situation at the entrance of the Straits of Gibraltar and proximity to Spain. Tangier, the more important and interesting of the two, though once a rich and populous city, is now a dirty, miserable, Moor- ish town, containing about 4,000 inhabitants. It is just within the entrance of the Straits, and about thirty-five miles obliquely acrogs from Gibraltar. Tradition ropresenta it a8 a great trading mart of the Phenicians long before even the foundation of Carthage, and among other evi- dences of its wealth and magnificence, it is said to have ‘een surrounded with walls of brass. Here the Phenician merchants halted on their excursions to the barbarous witi- ‘ma thule of the British isles, It later days, after Barbary ‘was overrun by the Saracens, and when the power of the latter began to decline, Tangier was a continual bone of contention between the Moors and the Portaguese. It was very frequently assailed by the latter, but without suc- cess, until the year 1471, when it fell into their power, through a panic which unaccountably seized the Moors, and it was then taken possession of by the Portuguese. In 1662 the Portuguese crown handed it over to Charics IL, ‘pon that Prince’s marriage with a Princess of Portugal, ‘as a dower. But the English only held it for some twenty years, and during the whole of that time it was in @ con- stant state of seige by the Moors. The knightly deeds and the chivalrous feats of daring that were performed before jtg walis during this short tenure would furnish material for half a dozen romances. Finally, the English, finding that the cost of keeping it was more than it was worth, abandoned it, first domoliahing its walls and fortifications, ‘and ruthlessly and Vundal-like blowing up the magnificont mole, the ruins of which are still visible, and which yet affords protection to the small vessels thai visit the place. Since its abandonment by the English, Tangier has gpudu- ally fallen more and more into decay. Th Portuguese were never afterwards in a condition to re-assort thelr Claim to the possession of Tangier, and so it has since re- mained in the hands of the Moors. Whether it still re- mains so or not, which is yery doubtful, considering that it will be the first point of attack for the Spaniards, we must wait till next advices to ascertain. Tangier in other hands—in the bands of Louis Napoleon, for instance—would become a great naval and com- mercial station, and could be fortifled in case of ‘war 80 as completely to noutralize the present importance of Gibraltar to the English, as the key to the Mediterrancan. Whether the astute and far-seeing Em- ror of the French looks forward to such an eventuality, by fomenting the long slumbering military ardor of Spain in undertaking the expedition against Morocco, remains to be seen. But that there are strong reasons for sup- posing that the French Emperor is influenced by some such calculations as these none can doubt. “Coming evonts cast their shadows before,’ nor will it be long before the curtain rises upon the denouoment of the plot now boing played out by Spain, Gibraltar to a great ex- tent depencs for its existence 1 Tangier. Put Tangier in the bands of the French, and Gibraltar would be hard- ly worth the holding. So much, then, for tho expodition ostensibly against the Riff pirates, but which is strong enough to subvert the whole empire of Morocco. With regard to these Riff pirates, it may be said that they are the descendants of those famous corsairs who, issuing in formidable force from the port of Salee, carried terror to the portals of the most distant nations of Christendom. Their vessels laid m wait for prizes at the very mouths of the Thames and the Severn, and even pursued their prey through the stormy waters of tho Baltic. ‘Tho most romantic and tar- Tible associations are connected with the exploits of those Pests of the ocean, and once furnished the ground-work of a thousand ballads of stirring interest and romantic ai- venture. Their descendants are now made the pretext of ‘an invasion; and now, after a lapse of 400 years, the de- seendants of those very men who fought for the possession of the Alhambra and the fair cities of Seville and Granada, once more meet in deadly front on the old battle ground of the Moorish crusades. Tetuan is tn the same province as Tangier, and situated contiguous to it, but is not atall of equal importance, nor is its acquisition 80 much to be de. sired by the Spaniards, or rather by Napoleoa, who dire sts the movements of the Spaniards. The city of Fez was once the very centre of Moorish science, arts and. refino- ment. Tt once contained half a million of inhabitants, had 200 moeques within its walls, together with several large Ubraries and colleges, in which thousands of stademis re instencted in all tho learning of tho Arabians. Rr tho present time Fez docs not contin ‘one-fourth of the amount of its formar populgsion. There are still some Hibraries in Fez, and it is a wellknown fact that a great many old and curious manuscripts, once forming a portion of the magnificent libraries of Graneda, wore carried by the Moors of Spain to this city. Fuz is the seat of the Governor of the province, and the prosent Em yr was, during the greater portion of his fathor’s reign, Governor here, and to this circumstance is greatly owing his influence over the army. Moula was fifty years of age when he scceeded to the possession of the “green turban,” the emblem of sovereignty. Tho iost modern and the best known city of Morocco ta Mogadore, founded in 1760 by the Eawporor Soedy Mo- homet, It is a Sovulied city and a xeapert on the Atlin ic, and in the Moorish language is called ‘The Beautiful.”” It stands on a rocky promontory, surrounded by a barren and sandy region, and consists ‘of two paris, each en- closod by walls, and the citadel, containing the residences of the Covorncr ‘and foreign consuls. ig very wel! ‘Duilt, and its white edifices render it handsome as seen from the sea, where it is defended by several strong bat teries. It was bombarded by the French August 15, 1844 Morocco is the chief city and capital of the empire. It ia situated inland from Mogadore about 180 miles, and south from Tangier about 350. It ia a very ancieat oity, and in fact writers are puzzled in tracing back its bisvor: to its foundation. In ancient days it was a truly magniie cent city, and contained over 700,000 souls, ‘To this very day the extent of its overthrown walls and ruined tem- jes attests its former size and grandeur, Tho deadly Gast of war and pestilence, more destructive to works of art than is the poecnces Dreath of the sirocco to the berbage of the fela, successively and Dy sowed passed over it, and the once extolled glories of Morocco exist but in history and in soug. ‘The inland trade of Morocco ts carried on by caravans. ‘The eity of Tifflet is the great outpost or starting point for the caravans crossing the desert. At this point the cars- vans from Fez and the other cities collect fur the purpose of taking up thelr lino of march across the Sahara or Great Desert, for the cities of Timbuctoo and Socator, the Htals of the Soudan or nogro countries. a is a singular but well known fact, that there is no country with which civilized nations have had apy kind of intercourse, respecting which there is so little known asthe empire of Morocco, Situated in the immediate neighborhood of Christian States, separated from Europe by only a narrow strait, and holding a regular and some times active commercial and diplomatic intercourse with other nations, we bave yet but a very imperfect know ledge of its ‘geography, history and natural resources. Morocco is one of the moet interesting countries in tho world, and vet the least known, not only no¥ in the pre: sent day, but the same ignorance of i prevailed in all time past from the first incursion of the flerce successor of the Prophet, and farther back to the eras of Car- thagenian and Roman supremacy. ‘The Curthagenians, al- though they bad numerous cities and trading ports on the Atlantic, seem never to have made any exploration of the country lying at apy distaoce beyond the seaboard. Then the Romans, who in other of Barbary carried their arms to the very heart of the Sahara as far as Fezzan and ‘Mazourk, seemed to have had very little kuowledge, indeed, of these parts of Mauritania, the preeent Morocco, which lie peront the Atlas. Thus ‘Morocco, up to the present time, bas been a sealed book, and it’ only remains to bo seen ‘bow far this state of things will be altered by the events now transpiring there. ‘The casus belli put forth by Spain is the outrages of the Riff pirates; but from the strength of the expeditionary force and the tone of the ish papers, it is clear that some greater object is in w. Several of the Spanish strongly recommend the government to take ad- vantage of the present occasion, not only to give a severe lesson to the troublesome Moors of the coa-t, but to pos- ‘sess itself of a tract of Moorish territory in the vicinity of ite fortresses. One of the Madrid journals goes so far as to counsel the capture of the whole of Morocco—‘tho session of which,’ it says, would assure Spain a long future of glory and prosperity.” Very well for the coun. sel; but would its adoption, if the fate of war even per- mitted jt, be sanctioned by France and England? If France, #8 is rumored, is the principal actor behind the scenes of this game of war, the Emperor will reserve for himself the lion’s share of the spoil, whether it be of tho captured cities and ports of Morocco, or of the distribution of the £12,000,000 which is supposed to be in the Moorish Emperor’s treasury. Jobn Bull may scratch his head in very obtusencas in endeavoring to follow the windings of the deep scheme, but in the fulness of time the evi; will be solved, if not to his satisfaction, certainly to lus cost. Latest accounts state that a strong corps d’armie had set out for the scene of operations, with Marshal O'Donnell at its bead as commander-ia-chief, while the whole fleet was assembled under the command of Admiral Quesada, ready to proceed to the bombardment of Taugier. In what- ever else the Spaniards of late may have been neglect- ful with regard to their military organization, it is certain that they haye not neglected their navy. In’1857 the na. val power of Spain was very considerable indeed, as will be seen from the following retarn:—Two ships of the line, eight frigates, four corveties, nine sloops, fiteen armed schooners, nine feluccas, other small armed vessels, thirty- two steamers, eleven steam transports, aad three ponton bridges—making a total of ninety three vessels. In these are not included twenty-six longboats, seventy oneescam- paros or gigs, and six launches, all intended for guarding the seacoast of the peningula, The number of guns carried by these veszels is 945; the horse power of the steamers, being equal to 9,990. Besides this fleet there is the of the Antilles comprising thirty vessels. Against the force by land and sea that can be detailed against Sidi Ma- homed, what bas the Prince to oppose to it? Since his ac. cession to the throne of the descendants of the Prophet he has been engaged in a flerce struggle for the mainte- vance of his rights with his own subjects. He has emm- broiled himself with France, and was the Emperor in- clined to proceed to hostilities he had ample grounds of justification for so doing; but 1t seems be preferred to have ‘the game entered upon by Spain played out, knowing well that he will bave the distribution of the stakes. Sidi Ma- homed cannot hope to hold his own against the power brought against him, if even this was all he hat to fear, and therefore a realy submiseion to the conditions that will be laid down to him ia ail that is leftto him. A mere indemnity from the imperial coffers will not sufilce; there must be a surrender of Tangier and Tetuan into the hands of his foes, but into whose hands ultimately it re- mains to be seen. [Translated trom the Annuaire des Deux Mondes, for the ixw YORK LD ] Of all the independent States of which the African con- tinent is made up, one only bas a direct trade with Eu- rope or is interested in its political combination. This State is Morocco, which we bave been in the habit of de- signating by the name of Empire. The position which France has attained in Africa by the conquest of Algeria, and the diplomatic efforts of England to prevent the con- quest from being extended to the Atlantic, bave given so much importance to the politics of this country as to have made it a subject of study for some years back as well in England as m France. Iu reality, the only Algerian cities of which anything is known at the present day are those on the seaboard and the frontier. ‘The interior ones are almost a sealed book to Europeans. Tangier, Tetuan, Laracbe, Rabab, Maza- gon, and Mogadore, as commercial cities, and as being the Place of residence of the consuls and agents of different nations, have been described from diflerent points of view. ‘As regards the two capitals of the empire, Fez and Moroc- co, and other regions stretching back from the Atlas mountains, they are almost inaccessible and inexplorable. One of the latest travellers who has visited Morocco—an Englishman, Mr. Urquhart, who has for a long ume been acquainted with the Mussulmans, and who presented him- sel. tothe people at the #me as an admirer of Islamism and a political friend of the country—could not penctrate as far as Fez, Morocco, Mequinez or Tatilet. ‘The country is divided into four quarters—the Zabel, or gandy region, a plain and without waters; the Tiersch, or barren land, without trees and witbout mountains, which forms the central and principal part of Morocco; the Gi- bellu, or cultivated portion on the side of the Atlas range, and theffelius, whic borders on the Great Desert of Sa- hara—in whose celebrated oasis the city of Tafilet is built. ‘This latter is the land of dates and morocco leather, the sanctuary of the empire, always an asylum for tho Moor- ish princes in the hour of danger, and from whence they roturn again with renewed forces to reconquer heir lost land, Tafilet is ten days’ march from the nearest point of Algeria. To the south of the Atlas mountains, border- ing on the ocean, lies the country of the Schillocks, or the southern inhabitants of Barbary, which, with the country of Tafilet, has the reputation of Being the most fertile re- gion of the empire. The population of the empire of Morocco has been esti- mated by English writers at sixteen million; but these writers evince so niuch zeal for their ally, the Emperor. of Morocco, that it might be justly said that they have cxag- gerated by one-half. The half of the population is barba- Tian. It is the Moors who have given their name to the country. The Jews are also numerous in the empire, and perbaps this is the only country in the world where the distinctive character of the Jewigh race is reserved in ite bau. Only a few bundred ropeans are established in the cities on the coast. If this society were properly orgapized—if the power of the Sultan of Morocco were recognized and obeyed in all the extent of this vast region—then would Morocoo present an imposing front. battle of Isly, the bom- bardment of Tangier and Mogadore, have cost France not a Uuile blood; but the population being scattered over such an immense extent have no other tie to bind them than that of religion. If Islamism existed in the whole empire, still this unity of religion could not make of all these yple what would be considered as a state in Europe. Fie etogire of Morocco is nothing more than an assem- Diage of Arabian and barbarous twibes, divided iuto fod® rincipul parts—the kingdoms of Fez, Morocco, Tatilet and ies ‘These kingdoms are themselves subdivided into numberless peoples, who see nothing outside the limits of their respective tribes. The mountaveous inbabitants of Barbary, a8 also the Schil ocks, altbouxn not absolutely spurning the authority of the Sultan, forbid his interven- tion in their affairs. Hs authority seems to be better established amongst the Arabian and barbarian tribes of tho plain, it 18, nevertheless, subjected vo various vicissi- tudes. In a word, itis essentially precarious, The only regource of the Emperor is in the system of divide et im ‘a; lie would be reduced to complete impotency were it ‘not that he understands bow skittully to foster the spirit of hate which prevails between the different tribes, aad ag oveasion requires to turn one against another. He rarely exercises bis yengeauce bimsel!; the weakness of his amy will not allow of his ‘heading them in person against the revolts to which the empire is 80 frequently subject; but if one tribe menaces he can put in arms another one against them by promising a por- tion of the spoils to the latter, Tn short, the Saltan of Morocco has not more than three millions of subjects on whom to count. ‘The late Emperor, Muley Abderhaman, on his atventto authority, initiated the Machiavellian system, which he was obliged to practice to maintain his position. Unlike the most of his predecessors, he had only assumed su- preme authority when in the midst of a civil war. This war, which commenced in 1817, was not ended unul 1826, ‘The Sultan, Muley Soliman, anxious to securo the crown for hw son, Muley Abraham, in 1817 abdicated in his favor, but the Darbary schillocks having immediate- ly taken up arms, and Muley Abraham being slain, an- other prince of tue same name was proclaimed Emperor. The Sehillocks baving recognized bys claim, and hoping to place him in power, rose up,to amin in his favor, ‘This Sultan died of a wound received in [rottle. Maley Isabid, his brother, succeeded him, but the wolair uses to which he perverten bis authority Faised up against bim @ large portion of the population of Morocco ‘Then the old Maley Soliman, who had succeeded, as X by a miracle, in saving bis head during this lengthy crisis, came forth from bis retreat, and preferring his nephew, Muley Abderhaman, to hig sons, cauaed bim to be preclaimed Emperor. This ep Seemed to establish the appearance of gilet over the Muley Abderhaman was descended the family of princes who have for a number dfyyoars reigned in Merogco under the name of Muley, aud who claim to have their origin from Futimus, son of Ma- homed. The Sultan himseif, soon after his uocession, ac- tually caused bis genealogy io be committe to writing, at the same time connecting bis family with the greatest names of the brilhant e:och of the Moors. Muley Abder- haman commenced to build up the commerce of Larachi. His children were invested with the highest functions of the empire, and it was his son who commanded at Isley, and who is now the reigning Suitan, The Sultans of Morocco bear the title of Emoer el Moo- meueen, or “Lords of the true believers.” They claim supremacy over the whole Arab race, and pretend that the Ottoman Suitans are usurpers of the Califate. The authority of the Emperor 18 unlimited and absolute. Hoe does pot govern by means of a Vizier or Ministers; bo bas bo ulema whom he must consult. If now and again he calls ip the aid of any of the high functionaries of the State, it is because it is his own pleasure to do #0, and he may reject their opinions, Next to the Sultan, the principal personage of the empire is bia Secretary, whose principal attribute is the treatment of important affairs with consuls, Next absve the Secretary of tho Prince i the Chancellor, whose duty it is to affix the geal of the im erial ring to all official acts, ia presence of the Exnperor. Lastly, there is the steward or w-domo, whose daty it is to regulate the aflairs of the palace and superintend we = Emperor holds public audiences everywhere, in his place, or on horseback, under his sunshade, belt over his ead Dy acaid, Natives and foreigners aro forbidden w approach the Emperor unless bearing @ present, which is consiiered sufficient introduction. @ Emperor visits re gularly and alternately each of the capitals, Fez and Mo- roceo; he also visits at intermediate periods different citivs of his empire. On the occasions of these frequent visits he endeavors to inspire the humble with confidence and to insure the respect of the great. In every village where he shows himself he exercises his principal attribate—the rendering of justice—as a supreme and direct resort. AD appeal from the judgment of a caid can always be made to that of the Emperor. ‘Thus does the Sultan gag bay he presents himsolt rule and govern in person. During his absenco the pro- vinces are under the administration of the cuids, assisted Dy the Heutepants, or catifar. “Inminorcases justice i ministered by the cadis, who likewise conduct religiour services in the mosques. This service, as in Turkey, con- sists in the reading of prayers. These functionaries re present the central power, although often exercising thoir authority only under the intermediate supervision and with the consent of other caids, who are the true chiefs of the hereditary clans. ‘The functionaries of Morocco in general, and the caids in particular, receive but poor recompense; enough t say, they live by plunder, save when their own fortan: becoming a cause of complaint to the Emperor, they arc in turn robbed by him. The resources of the country are very precarious ‘The principal sources of revenue are the tithes on the products of the soil, the head tax or tribute of the Jews. the profits arising from the coining of money, arbitrary imposts, voluntary contributions, monopolies, custom: and tolls. ‘To guard against the possibility of the merchants in any way opporing the establishing of these extraordinary taxes, Muley Abderhaman devised a very ingenious sys tem by which he contrived to attach this claes closely to himself. By individudl arrangements he remitted them the taxes and made them advances of money without interest; granted them monopolies, allowed thom to im portand export without paying ready money;in short, the custom tax was made to suit those who were willing to treat with him. It is estimated that in 1847 $100,000 were due in this way by Great Britain to Mogador.’ It would be impossible to determine the revenue of the treasury ; still, it is difficult to believe that it amounts to the enormous sum of ten millions sterling, which English travellers arp it to do. ‘The army of Morocco is small. It comprises the Magh’. zen. which is composed of regular troops and the irregu lar forces of tbe pashas in the provinces. The regular troops of the Magh’zen are a distant caste in the State. The right to join the army is an hereditary privilege, which the Sultan reserves for himself to confer. The pay of the soldier of the Magh’zen is considerable. They receive about twenty-five cents aday. They are equipped and armed at the expense of the treasury. Nevertheless, they are called out to serve as escorts to merchants who may need pretection on their journeys, and who often are obliged to assist in paying them. The’ Sultan sometimes fends presents to their wives. The Magh’zen, which has at times numbered 82,000 men, is now reduced to oue- third of that number. In cases of necessity, the irregular troops of the Pachas are called into action. Generally the chiefs of the tribes must furnish one man for every ten tents, but they rarely fulfil their obligations. A spe- cal corps of 2,000 negroes act as a body guard to the ultan, ‘The relations of France with Morocco date back to the sixteenth century. France alone, of all the other Euro- an nations, enjoyed the privilege of having.a Consul at le. Under Louis XIII.,and the two following reigns, different treaties have regulated the relations of France with Morocco, on the principle of the treaties concluded with the Ottoman Porte. The establishment and the progress of the French power in Africa placed Mo- rocco in @ new position in regard to France. France fs, nevertheless, the enemy of the pirates who leave the coasts of Morocco and Algiers to infest the Medi- terranean. She bas broken up piracy, and her posses- sions extend at this moment along the coast of Morocco, from the Mediterranean even to the kingdom of Ta! The thought of this has aroused the fears of the Emperor of Morocco, as well as the fanaticiam of the Massulman. ‘The inhabitants of Barbary and the Arabs of Morocco are of the same ly as the Kabyles and the Algiers. The fraternity of race and religion is stronger than any other sentiment, and pet Abderhaman would have tried in vain to keep in check the hostile passions aroused by the French conquest, when the frontier tribes were carried away at the word of Ab-del-kader, and were preparing to wage religious war against France. Severe lessons of adversity, their own defeats, and those of Ab-del-kader, were requisite to bring them to their senses. Incapable as the people of Morocco are to take the lead against the nation which has conquered Algiers, still they area mighty defensive power. This power, although it cannot prevent either the destruction of the maritime cities or the overrunning of the eastern frontiers, ma} etill become important in the heart of the country, as wel as in the southern portions and the mountainous regions of the kingdom of Tafilet, where the people are very war- like. If the people of Morocco be ignorant of their strength, the agents of England will be there to bring them to a consciousness of it. Everything gocs to prove that the Sultan feels his situation, and that explains why, even since the lescons received at Isley, Tangier, and Mogador, the people of Morocco bnve atill firm attitude in the treaty negotiations which followed. It might, even, at one time, have dreaded that, as in 1844 it would become necessary to employ force or dev ew means to make them respect the law of nations, France has no essential need of the friendship of Mo- rocco; if sbe has something to hope for in that quarter, she has nothing to fear. Morocco is ina state of com: plete decay, without any apparent means of regeneration, or without any protection against the internal dissensions which more than once have lashed and torn her with impunity. * * * * * e administration of the country isdeplorable. To the east, onthe Algerian frontiers, and to the west, on the Riff ‘coasts, numerous tribes refuse to recognise the authority of the Emperor, and make piratical incursions which too often remain unpunished. France has abandoned diplomatic relations with Morocco, and has taken the matter into her own hands. Sometimes batta- lions of the Tlemcan division cross the frontier and make raids upon the tribes of Morocco. As to the Riff pirates they have resumed their old habits, and even venture to attack European flags. France and,England will have to concert measures with Spain to restore safety of naviga- tion along these shores. The condition to which European commerce has been reduced for some years past has be- come intolerable. A note published in the Moniteur says that the French commerce extends along the coast of Morocco from Tan- Bier to Mogadore. What formerly was of no account has now become considerable. It has reached the valuo of about half a million of dollars, and requires one hundred voyages. Atevery dock may be seen French vessels, loading with wool and oil. The English excl of their own manufacture for the products of Morocco, which naturally make their transactions more profitaole. At Casabianca there are five Fronch houses of commerce; butat Mazagran and at lore trade is principally in the hands of the English. In each of these places there are but two French houses. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. New York, Nov. 10, 1859. ‘The torch of war, kindled in 1853 by the Emperor Nicholas, of Russia, and in the full blaze of which that monarch expired, bas at intervals since sbed its baleful light far and near, not only throughout the European Con- tinent, but over the whole vast territory of India and China, All the great Powers of Europe have marshalled their squadrons in the field, and having for a time played out the game of war, referred their quarrels to the arbitra- ment of conferences and diplomatic conventions. No sooner bas the casus Uelli in one case taken this turn than up springs another, requiring for a time the application of the sword before it also is turned over to intriguing minis- ters and plenipotentiaries. Hitherto this serious game has been played only by the great actors of the world’s thea tre; but the disease is catching, and now we seo that the Spaniards have determined upon getting up a little play of their own—feeling, no doubt, after their long rest, like the Irishman who felt blue-moulded for want of a beating. By last accounts from Europe we learn that the reply of the Emperor of Morocco tofthe ultimatum of Spain, with respect to the outrages of the Riff pirates, was unsatisfac- tory, and that the alternative of immediate war had been determined upon. To this complexion bas it come at last, and no doubt ournext advices from Europe will inform us of a deatly encounter between the descendants of those very men who nearly 400 years ago contested for the possession of the Alhambra and the fair cities of Cordova and Seville, The Riff pirates, whose outrages the Spanish govern- ment have formed an expedition to punish, are the inha- bitants of a district of Moroceo called Er Riff, a northern maritime district, comprising the chain of mountains which rise at RO great distance the Moditerranean Sea. ‘This district of country was chiefly settled in 1490 by the Moors and Jews expelled from Spain, it being computed that 80,000 at least of the people took up their quarters here. Stnco that time to the pre- rent the pirates of the Riff have been a scourge, not only to their ancient foes, but to the traders of every countr who had business in their waters. In vain were expedi- tions set on foot from timo to time to punish these pirates. Secure in their fastuesses, which the nature of the coast rendered urfapproachable, they continued their depreda- tions with impunity, and oven the Christian Powers were compelled at ong time to pay a tribute to the Pasha for | as heard from, exhibits 16,942 votes. preserved a | NOVEMBER 13, 1859. otection for their commerce. But little immunity waa pre korea ‘this means, for the Riffs, deriving no emolu- ment tas arrangement, ovntiaued their outrages without ¢heck or ouishncal till a well administered costigation by the Enghsh for a time compelled them to respect the British flag, But it was against the Spanteh commerce that: divected all their attentions ana their shacks, sod for ‘man, ts me leae have been the scourge of all the at tasers, Within a few hours sail of the pile) const, they were ever on tho wateh for the suiting of Spavish vessels, Inden with the products of the country, and theee they attacked with every vantago, rifling them and murdering their crows. Tho effete gov- ervment of Spain for a long time turned a deaf ear to the complaints of the people, or if at avy time stirred to ac- tion Zz some ubusual atrocity on the part of the pirates, the e! it made to punish gave her enemies but a clearer conception of her weakness and their own strength. At last we read tha; the outrages of these pirates have reached @ culminating point, aud that <bo Spanish govern ment have determined upon a war of extirpation, as the oly alternative leit by which they cap hope to rid their waters of their enemies. Some years have now elapsed sineo redress was sought at the hands of the deceased Em. peror, and though he was anxious to remain on good terms with the European Powers, very little check was pot upon the Riff pirates. Now, however, thut his place is filed by @ younger man, moro strenuous and effective measures, it Was thought, ought to be taken to rid the Meoiterravean of the pirates who have so long infested it The Spanish government took up the matter in earnest and after some negotiations with the new Emperor, Sidi Mohammed, submittea their uiumatum to that personage, the reply to which ix considered unsatisfactory, and an immediate expedition against the Riff pirates is the rosnit. Bat within what limits hostilities, once commenced, may be confined, canuot be foretold. True, the Emperor looks upon bis Rit subjects as rebels, and their atter dispersion or extinetion by the sword of the Spaniard would not, per hays, awaken any ire in his breast. But, then, the Sspan- jards contemplate taking and holding possession of Tetuan apd Tangier, ap occupation which be cannot look upon ‘with the samecompiacency, and which he, uo doubt, would sresist Lo the utmost. Whatever may be the intentions of Spain, and however well she may be prepared to carry them out in lemine, certain it is that the embroilient of Morocco with France bas occurred very opportanuly for the success of her designs. Though the Freuch En- peror, it is said, bas disclaimed the idea ¢f aiding Spain in this contest, yet France herself has a ground of quarrel against the Emperor of Morocco, and if late accounts ro- port truly, of such a character as to justify hostilities on the part of France. All things considered, the situation of the Emperor of Moroceo is very critical indeed. Just come lato possession of the Green Tarban, he finds no lees than four competi- tors in the field disputing his claim to this emblem of sovereignty. These competitors, however, he would have made short work of, possessed as’ he is of the immense treasure amassed by the extortion and hoarded by the cupidity of his father, and at the head of the army, whom he bas secured to bis interest. But against his powerful enemies from abroad how can he hope to succeed? From this time, then, may be dated the downfall of the empire of Morocco, the last imperial biding place of the Saracenic Moors upon the borders of the Mediterranean, And it is but right that it should be so, and that the rich and fertile countries known as Morocco and Algiers should be thrown ‘open to the enterprise and civilization of Europeans. There is no doubt but the first act of the drama has been commenced. The Spanish Consul has left Tangicr, and ere this the expeditiovary army has commenced its march, with the veteran Marshal O'Donnell at its head as com- mapder-in:ebief. The Spanish fleet was waiting for orders to start from the rendezvous in the bay of Algesiras, It is commanded by Brigadier Queseda, well known as one ot ee most valiant officers in the service of Quean isa- ella, Tho following comprises the expeditionary land army dreigned against Morocco:—40 battalions of the line, 16 of riflemen, 11 squadrons of cavalry, 80 pieces o campaign artillery, more than half of them riged, and a seige train. Ja addition to thege, in case reinforcements should be re- guired, it was intended to call out, under arms, sixty pro- vineial battalions, For the sea service the whole strength of the Spanish fleet is put into requisision. It must at once strike the most unobservant that these great preparations are vastly in excess of what would be Tequired to carry out the mere ostensible purpose of the expedition—the punishment of the Riff pirates. There must therefore be some other object to be effected, some deeper scheme to be carried out, which the character- ietic obstinacy of Mouley Mobammed renders it at pre: fent unnecessary for the parties interested to disclose. It is rumored that Spain is acting in this matter upon a se- cret understanding with the Freneb Emperor. If this be £0, the progress of events in this new sphere of Furopean tactics will bring strange things to light. In the mean- time, and awaiting further developements, we may pre- dict the subversion of the ancient empire of Morocco. The New York State Election. ‘The result on Secretary ot State continues in doubt. ‘The matter is too close to be settled except by the official majorities. While the chances are probably in favor of the election of the whole republican ticket, there is a pos- sibility of the success of Mr. Jones and his associates. ‘The following are the foetings up of the returns as far as they have been received: SECRETARY OF 8TATE, 1859—, en 1S Tomes, den’. ,rep. Parker, dem, Morgan, rep. 44,649 46,055 39,021 67,374 Leavenworth, republicaa, majerity, 1859. eee 110 Morgan, republican, majority, 18587... 1.8)252 Assuming that the democratic and republican vote is the same this year as last, the Know Nothing strength, as far TELEGRAPHIC. Auany, Nov. 12, 1859, ‘The footings of the Journal up to one o'clock this after- noon give Leavenworth 1,100majority. Chemung county complete—Leavenworth, 1,906; Jones, 1,886. The Slave Trade—The Slave Ship Emily. UNITED STATES COMMISSIONER'S COURT. Before Kenneth G. White, Esq. Nov. 12.—The United States ws. Chas. King, Jas. Bur- rowes, Wm. Smith, Frank Morris, Jose Carton, Charl:s drilis, Frank Ferris, Antonio Garcia, John Doe and Wiliam Lindsay (Captain).—These defendants aro charged with violation of the laws of the United States by serving on board the ship Emily, engaged in the slave trade. The accused were brought up before the Commiesioner, but on motion of Mr.-Newman, on be- half of the government, the examination was set down for Monday, at one o'clock. The bail of the master, mate and two others was fixed at $3,000, The seamen were held at $1,000 each. Court of Common Pleas. Before Hon. Judge Brady. ACTION FOR SLANDER ON A LAWYER. Nov. 12.—James M. Shechan vs. Wm. Curry.—This was ‘an action for words spoken of and derogatory to the pro- feesion and standing of the plaintiff'as an attorney and counsellor-atlaw. The damages are laid at $3,000. It appears that the defendant had a domestic difficulty with his wife, and the lady retained the plaintiffto sue for divorce. An order from the Court was obtained for the defendant to pay the wife her separate maintenance and to carry on the suit. ‘The husband gave Mr. Sheehan two checks on a bank which the latter could not get cashed. Subsequently the husband and the lawyer met, and the slanderous words were spoken, such as “ You are a swindler; you obtained two checks on false pretences; you are a miserable pettifogger; I will have you locked up, for you are a disgrace to your profession.’* The plain- tiff also alleges thatthe defendant spoke to divers other persons bebind his back, such contemptuous and slan- derous terms a8 ‘He is po lawyer; he knows nothing aboutlaw; he forced my wife to sue me against her will.” In extenuation the counsel for the defendant offered to prove by the plaintiff that the lady changed her mind about the divorce, and that all the trouble arose from the jlaintiff in this case refusing to make out her dill and ve an amicable settlement. Verdict for plaintiff $500. In the case of Andrew Stevens vs. the Consolidated Stage Company, the jury rendered a verdict tor plaintiff for $750 ior injury done by their negligence. Supreme Court—Special Term. Before Hon. Judge Ingraham. Nov. 12.—Jacob Gesche et als. vs. Jane Jocobson and others, —Motion to continue injunction denied, and tempo- rary injunction dissolved ; costs to abide the ovent. New York Life Insurance and Trust Company vs. Win. Burdell and ae sateent disallowed. C. He in als. vs. Hiram H. Cavannah.—This was a motion by a subsequent judgment creditor to set aside a prior judgment entered upon confession. The statement of the confession was ‘ goods, wares and merchandise sold and delivered on the 4th day of October, 1838."” This was beld defective, in accordauce with the require ments of the statute. The motion was therefore granted im favor of the judgment creditor making the motion. Personal Intelligence. ‘The Noticioso says that Mme. Adelina Pati has given evidences of great dramatic talent, and that she has boen engaged for the Academy of Music, and will make her début within two weeks. fon. William Millward, of Pa.; Henry S. Fitch, Feq., United States District Attorney for the North- ern district of Iinois; Hon. L. M. Keitt and lady, ani Hon. Wm_ Porcher Miles, of 8. C.; Capt. J. Vogdes, U. S. ‘A; Hon. R. B. Coleman, of N. Y ;Hon. D. W. McCieary, Col. D, C. Bruce, Col. A. B. Hanson, Col. J. S. Bowles, Capt. L. G. Staphope, Hon. H. W. Hoffman, of Md., and Hon. Jobn A. Gurley and family, of Ohio, have aarived at Washington. That Forbes Correspondence—Card From the Hotel Keeper. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. ‘The statement made yesterday in your estimable jour- nal seems to infer that I have made use of the papers con- tained in Mr. Forbes’ trunk, and transfered upon mo the shame incurred by the delator, whoever he may be. Tho trunk, opened by accident, and left in tho se for security of a sum of $126, is exactly yet in the same con- dition which I found it; and I most solemnly declare that not a single shect of paper has been destroyed and is ready to be returned on payment of the debt. 0, HARTMAN. ‘THE BARPER’S FERRY OUTBRUAK. ARREST OF ANOTHER ALLEGED INSURGEN f ‘Wasiinoron, Nov. 12, 1859 A mau calling bimself McDonald was arrested hero last night by eificer Allen, to whom he made auob adaussious 48 to lead lo the belief that he was one of Brown’s party, and bad esesped from the Armory at Hirper’s Ferry. He tokt he was originally from Boston. His breast and chest are well peppered with wounds, as from shot Governor Wise, on being telegraphed, returned an answer to send to Harper’s Ferry for persona to idcutify the prisoner, and to inform the President of the arrest. PUBLIC OPINION IN VIRGINIA. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HRRALD. Beproxp County, Va., Nov. 9, 1859. It may interest your readers to hear from a Northern man, incidentally in Virgivia at this time, something of the fecling regarding the Harper’s Ferry outbreak in one of the largest slave districts. ‘The news of it cams during the annual Fair of the Lynchburg Agricultural society, when come sections of thig and adjoining counties were almost without a white population. In consequenes, there could have been no more favorable opportunity for the rising of the negroes, But neither at that time nor at any peried since, has there been a moment of anxiety. “If there was danger,’ remarked a gentieman to me, “1 would go to my plantation for @ body guard of glaves AS another instance, I may meniion that io the house where I am staying the doors are seltom jocked, ant three or four loaded guns (used for hurting) could be taken oy anybody. And thisis true of the whole neighhurhoot and county. At tho North there is no conception of tho confidence reposed in thelr slaves by the whites, or of the affection which is given in return. Neither can be snaken, even at a periud like the present. As Grst there was much excitement in the cities, bat never any in the country. Everything has gotte on 1n the usual manner, and the outbreak 1s only recalled wo the mind by the arrival of newspapers Bled with detat's of the trials. This ina county, too, which contains a popa- lation of some ten thousand slaves. ‘The tone of the public mind is calm and rational While the ontbreak ia looked upon as an unmitigated out- rage, the blame of it is placed whero it belongs. The people of Virginia do not believe that their brethren of the North would thus put the knife at their throats. There are too many ties aud associations binding them logether for such a crime to be conceived, much less executed. If they thought that it was posaible, Virginia, a8 nobly aa she bas struggled for the perpetuity of the Union, would have been in arme against it to-day But the ‘very idea is scouted, and ghe stands as faithiul in ber placo aa a mem- ber of the confederacy, with ber sons butcherod by fa- natics on her soil, as she did when her Washington bat- Wed for the rights of the newborn nation. With ber territory invaded, with violence and-blood carried to the doors of her people, she cannot be turned from the path into which the fathers guided ber. But if the masses of the Northern people are belit Dinmeless as to this outbreak, the boli, bad, biooly minde abolitionists who were indirectly concernea in it will ba held to a full account, at least befure the bar of public opinion, It will be tested whether men can preaca the Gospel of Christ, hold high political positions, or sustain respectable social relations, and at the same time en- courage the abolition of slavory by the murder of mea, women and children. The Northern conservative clement hag been potent at the ballot box, and now the question is to be whether—Christian, intelligent and decent as it ix—it has not some power to put these murder-loving preachers, senators and philosophers in the grade where they belo’g. When a gray headed ranter like Giddings, and a furious traitor hike Hale, find it necessary to write cards to explain themsolves, there is some hope tat a sound public opinion is duing its work. The black republican party and ita wicked cbief, Wil liam H. Seward, are responsible for the dows at Har pers Ferry. Jt is a party which traffics in haman blood— which seeks power upon declared prineipies dangerous to the safety of tbe Union and threatening to the lives of our Southern brethren—which is made up of every licentious, infideland fanatical element in the land. Step by step ithas gone on, inciting to civil war, exciting section agaiuat sec- thon, and prociaiming its desperate doctrines, until it has led its minions to untertake an insurrection. Humanity, the love every American owes to his couatry, and public morality, demand that such a party should be swept from our midst. THE FEELING IN ALABAMA. A correspondent, writing from Jacksenville, Ala., saye:—The slavery question has been and is being agi- tated to that degree until it will not be borue mach longer by the Southern people. The thing is now about to come to acrisis. The people of the whole South are now «is cvesing the matter at home, and will from this time forth instruct our representatives to Congress to a disuaion. ‘The people are now, as with a full voice, ready aud ripe for disunion, and in that event the South will have nothing to lose and the North will lose all. The South caa live perfectly independent of the North, and in truth we have no need of the North only as a matter of friendship, and the North has long past forfeited that claim for interfering with the rights of our property under the guise of ha- manity. en this Union is dissolved the South will withdraw all capital from the North (of which the South bas plenty), and if necessary will keep up standing ar- mies all along the dividing lines betweer free States aud slave States. I think interest and common sense ought to teach your leading abolitionists to hold their tongues. We of the South do not disturb the property of the North, and we spend our money made South freely among people of the North, and still they abuse us. " PUBLIC OPINION IN CONNECTICUT. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. Farsinctox, Conn., Nov. 10, 1859. We confegs the North has everything to lose—tho South everything to gain. In a separation, the latter would hold nearly everything that ia valuable belonging to the Union. Missouri has more iron and lead than all the free States combined. The climate and soil of the slave States are better adapted to the cultivation of wheat, corn and all other articles of food than the free States, while they pos- sees nearly everything that is valuable in the Union for commerce and ‘carrying trade. They would be the growers, England the manufacturers. Governumenta, like individuals, look to their own intoresta, aud as long as the South had a bale of cotton for the Manchester spmner, Engiaud would favor it and oppose their rivals of the North. The interchanges would go on oxclusively in shipe of the contracting parties, Where thea would our lords of the loom look for their twenty and thirty per cent the South is paying them on account of protecting tariffa? What would become of the commerce and carrying trade of the North, cut off from the South and with a direct shipment through Canadian waters of ail west of Buffalo. What would New York with her Wall street, and Boston with her Milk street, do without thig:? The crowds of human beings who now throng their avenues would disappear like swarms of ingects tbat gliter and dance in the sunbeams of asummer’s day at nightfall; and how sad, how melan- choly the diought that the sun of those noble cities had gone down to rise no more! But these things cannot hap- pen in the ninewenth century. Honest meu of the North regret as much as the South the treasonable acts of Brown and bis party; they condemn alike every act of the aboli- tionist and feel the disgrace quite as much. ALARM MOVEMENTS IN MARYLAND. On the night of the 4th instant, a slave man belon; to Washington Waller, Esq., was shot dead by a patrol of white men in Dames Quarter district, Somerset county, Md. ‘The Union says the circumstances are substantially as follows: On Thursday night a needless alarm of insurrection and murder was given at a meetinghouse in the neighborhood. The congregation, we learn, were at prayers at the time the alarm was given; the prayers were forgotten, and the utmost confusion and excitement prevailed; the benches were broken up for clubs, and with these and such weapons as the men could obtain at the time they scoured the neighborhood but finding nothing upon which to vent their indignation, they dispersed, 8 ili under great excitement. The following night a patrol was organized, and with guns, clubs and other weapons, they proceeded under great excitement to search the huts of the free negroes in the neighborhood; at one of these buts the unfortunate negro was found He was attempt- ing to escape when fired upon by the excited crowd, who mistook him for an insurgent. The shot pierced his back, taking effect in his lungs and bowels, and producing in- stant death. This has all, we have po doubt, grown out of the excitement produced by the Harper’s Ferry af- fair. owe, cory the following from the Fredesick Oounty Inion:— Two suspicious looking boxes arrived at the Point of Rocks, in this county, on Saturday last, which, on being opened, were found to contain a lot of ‘caps, powder and bail cartridges. They were directed to a lady who ts not known in that vicinity, and who has not yet made her ap- pearance to claim them. Military companies are organizing at Urbana, New Mar- ket, Liberty, Mechaniostown and in several other villagys of Frederick county. ‘The martial spirit is up, and our people are their own best defenders. A white man was arrested in Carroll county, Md., last week, who had with him a wagon and provisions, and was accompanied by a colored. man and woman, sup posed to be en route for a free State. They aro now in jail at Westminster. Mr. George E. Wampler, of Westmins- ter, writes to Mayor Berret, of Washington city, to the following effect:— to bo astave of Clark Mills, of ‘The woman is Washington, and the man, who is her husband, is owned in Prince George’s county, but was hired in Washington. The white man is said to have resided in Washington for the last two years. It is probable he will be seat to Vir- inia* to wer the charge of attempting to run off lonel Lee's slaves. The pegro woman says sho was brought from the college m1 your city. has not revealed where he came from, white man says he came from Wasbington, and the whole conveyance is well prepared to aid negroes. The white man is fully identified as the man who was with Colonol Tee's black last spring, and who was taken from here in July last by one of the city officers. EXCURSION TO SEE OLD BROWN HUNG. [From tho Baltimore American, Nov. 12.] ‘The greed of money getting is not very particular in the way of acoomplishing ite purpoaos; bat the most singu- Jnr instance we haye lately heard of is au offort to tura tho PRICE TWO CENTS. Wid apvente for the horrible te in present. Ap Eastern man, whe is ett g Up gift enterpe Hy uddressed the Presideptot Railroad, 11 quiring #3 to the amount of r regular rate of fare which would cuelenisis. Mr. Garrett, net thinking th ion a per on,or the people’ who woul! travel hundreds of miles to Fee Ave or sx crimiuals exceuted exactly the class ‘of visiters who would be agreeable to the Virginia agtho- rities, has caused that opinion to be made kuown to the spplicaut, City Politics. THE MAYORALTY QUESTION. A meeting of the “* people's party,”? (?) of throe dele- gates from each ward, was held at the Hone House on Friday evening, A. M. Bininger, Chairman, aod R. 0, George and D. T. Hedenberg, Secretaries. The following gentiemen were unanimously nominated:—For Mayor, Simeon Draper; for Counsel to Corporation, Rufus F, An- drews; and for Governor of the Almshouse, William ‘Tucker. A correspondent suggests the name of Mr. Valentine, the venerable and experienced Clerk of the Common Counsil, 8 a good candidate for Mayor, Who next? A mass meeting of the voters in tho Twelfth Al- dermanic district is called for to-morrow aight, at the City Assembly rooms, in Broadway. City Intelligence. How Mayy Moe Hovass wi New York Cowramnt— At arecent meeting of the Real Estate Owuers’ Associa- ton, some interesting statements were made in relation to the number of houses New York isiand would contain. There are now within the city limits houses already ocou- pled more than suflicient to fill every vacant lot below Fiftieth street. Above this, from Fiftieth to Fifty-nimth street, there are 744 lots on each street, making a total of 6,696 lets. From Fifty-ninth street to 110th street, both rides of the Central Park, there are 30,192 building lote. Above this street, and as far up as Kingsbridge, it t# esti- mated that there are 49,920 lows, muking an estimated total of building lots between Fiftiecn street and Kings- bridge, not includiog Central Park, of 86,808. In thie es- timate no allowance has been made for i Wavbattan, Hamilton and Mount Morris squares. ‘ur- ther deduction must be made for churches, public achools, jumber yards, coal yards, public squares, mani establishments, &c., which would require about 7 jots, thus making the total of lots for dwellings aboat 80,000. The estimate of population at the present time, by’ the association, is one million The population of New York bas doubled within the last fifteen years. Con- ceding the same rate of increase for the future, and allowing ten persons to a lot (seven would be more neariy correct), it would require about twelve years to fill the jsland to its uimost capacity. But supposing the present population to be 800,000, and allowing vn persona Ww a lot, and extimat- ing the rate of increase as above. the jaland would be filled in fifteen years with a popuiation of 1,100,000. Butallow- ing seven persons to @ ivt the difference would be 100,000. It will thes take from tweive to Otteen years wo All up the city with dwellings, even if they are built as fast as re- quired. The probabilities ara, however, that the large Majority of increase calculated upon will go toward. + welling the popwation of our suburban cities. It may be thought tbat the average of seven, or even ten persons to a family, is too small; but it moet remembered that the class of fumilies which wili live m thw part of the city will occupy houses by themselves. In 1860 the population of the entire city of New York averaged but fourteen persons to each house, and about five and a half persons to a family. ‘Tor Cauiyorsiaxs’ Mretiva.—A large number of re- turned Californians met last evening at the Hone House, corner of Broadway and Great Jones street, for the pur pose of making arrangements for participating in the obrequies of the late David C. Broderick, which take place to-day, The meeting was callet to order by J.C. Hoff, when it was unanimously agreed that be should act as Chairman, and J. W. Douglas as Secre- tary. Mr. Hoff’stated the object of the meeting, when it was resolved to postpoue action in the matter for a short time, in order to enable a gen#eman who had drawn up some resolutions fur the occasion to make bis appearance; but finding that he cid pot come, a motion was made te adjouro until twelve o'clock to-day, to mect at the Adretic, sorner of Hudson and Barrow streets. During the um+ of wat ing for the resolutions some remarks were mace by a Mr. Everett, a gentleman who was with Mr. Broderick an hour after he was shot. A moion was mate that they have badges “struck off, but owing tw the lateness of tbe hour it was decided to wear nothing bat the asual badge of mourning on the left arm. CxntRaL PaRK.—The main road or carriage drive of the Central Park was opened yesterday to the public. It ex tends throughout the entire length of the Park from Fifty- ninth to Eighty-sixth street, a distance of about two miles. As might bave been expected, a largo number of equi- pages of every description rolled through it for the first time. There were alao many equestrians in the Park, and the promenaders turned out in great numerical force to enjoy a stroll “the Ramble” and the other pleasant walks. appearance of the Park yesterday was unusually beauti- ful, the grars and foliage being dreased in the richest hues of the autumnal season. A fine fresh breeze swept over the Park, breathing health and refreshment to all who had assembled in the Park. The day held up well, and was just suited to outdoor enjoyment. Many of the residents of the Fifth avenue, and other fashionables, were largely represented in the Park yesterday, showing that Re omae notonly a popular but also a fashionable resort ‘Tue Cammy Evcuveersm.—Mr. Alfred Carson, it will be seen from an advertisement in another column, announces himeelf acandidate for Chief Engineer of the Depart- ment. Who next? . ms Niet Som Conrract.—Yesterday noon was appomted: for the opening of the bids for the removal of night soil from the city for the term of five years, but im conse- quence of the illness of Col. Delavan, the opening and award was postponed until to-morrow noon, An Astowisixp CLERGYMAN.—On Thursday night the Rev. Charles Kelsey, pastor of the Willet street church il Sarin wane ee Seems s which contained 4 ; . Troors ror Harrer’s Ferry.—On Friday afternoon, @ sergeant and eight men left the recruiting statioa at Go- vernor’s Island to strengthen the military force in the arsenal at that place, addition will increase the sorce there to forty men. Police Intelligence. AnorsER Form ov THE ConmpENcs Game—A SmNaRY Vicranzep.—Some days since a well dressed man called at one of our fashionable seminari2s to have an interview with the principal. He represented that he had three children, whom he desired to place in some educational institution, and that he bad been recommended to call upon the gentleman. He had been assured, he said, of the capabilities of the instructors, and wanted to make some inquiry as to the religious advantages. The principal re- plied that the pupils were permitted to attend such charch as their parents desired, and that family was held in the institution every day. Tho vali wast} however hara to please; be required evidence of the evangelical character of the teachers, and that there were no papila in atten: to impart to his offspring improper ideas of modesty or religion. The exhibition of a cataiogue and a long list of references seemed to sausfy him, and be came to ap understanding as to the pe amapein 4 in the family of the principal. The couditons, he was informed, were payment in advance. This’ seomed to astonish bim; but he rallied in a moment, and angwer- ing, ‘‘Ob, certamly,” drew out a pocketbook, and toss- ing over afew bills, not enough to meet the charges, finally produced a draft, seventy eight dovars in amount over the bill charged for the board and tuition of his children. The ‘prinetpal obligingly took it, paying the difference; and the patron of the seminary took his leave. ‘The three new pupils did not come as agreed, and no bank in the city will cash the draft. The police are look- ing out for the operator. Danixa arrempr at Ronnery.—As a man named John W. Alexander was going on board of a sloop, at the foot of Leroy street, on Friday morning, about three o’clock, he was assaulted by two highwaymen and knocked down upon the pier. Being a powerlul map, Alexander soon 4 his feet and clenched with one of the thieves. Tiesrues ‘continued for several miputes,jand would un- doubtediy bave resulted in the complete discomfture of the robber bad not his companion drawn a pistol and shot. down Alexander when the moment of triumph was at band. The firing of the pistol put an end to the struggle. The robbers fled, leaving their victim lying on the ground in a belpless condition. Mr, Alexander's wound is a vei severe and painful one, although not necessarily fatal. The ball antered the fleshy part of the thigh, and at last accoun's the physician was unable to extract it. No trace of the perpetratore has been discovered. Angest OF AN ALLEGED PickPocket.—Yesterday noon a man named George Wilson, alias Dublin George, was ar- rested upon a charge of picking ine Pocket of, Miss Me- Donald of her portemonnaie, con ‘as she was in the act of passing on board the steamer Mattano. On being brought before Alderman Brad; identified. and-was commited to the Tombs eemune, tion. The and money were found upon hie person. ARREST FOR ALLEGED PERsURy.—-A man named Charles ‘Nimmo was yesterday arrested on the affidavit of one of the clerks of the District Attorney’s office, with ha sworn falsely that he was worth certain property — curity as bail for an thief. » Sse alleged thief. Ho waa held to bail Naval Intelligence. Lieut. Edward P. MeCria bas bate ordered t0 the Dated — reas ship North Qurolina, now at the Brooklyn