The New York Herald Newspaper, August 21, 1859, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR. OFFICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. TERMS, cash in advance. Money sent by mait will be at the risk of the ‘seuder, Postage sampa not received as sulecription He Tile DAILY HERALD, too cents . $7 per annum THE WEEKLY HERALD, cocry Saturday ut sie cents. Per saliton every Wedneslay . copy. Mi ab size conte per copy, $4 ver annum to any part of Great Britain, to the Continent, both to tnclude postage; the San in eds a a ee OF: annum. Pub eoucy liekanb on Wednesday, at four cents per . "um. MS LUNTARY CORRESPONDENCE, containing important neta, soticited quarter of the world; if wsed, will be OUR FOREIGN OOERSYONDENTS ARR Mean ais. Larrers axp Pack- , Or SS per annum; the Hur Werally paid for. Paxnicucancy RRQUEDTRD TO AGES SENT US. AMUSEMENYS THIS EVENING. PALACE GARDEN AAD HALL, Fourteenth sireet.— Baonsy Comomar. AMUSEMENTS TO MOREOW EVENING, NIBLO'S GABDEN, Broadway.—Evoturions Ox THOR ‘Tigat Rors—FuRCuINBLLO—Bianoo, BOWEBY THEATRE. Bowery.—VaretiaN BuccAMEER— Magic TuuMrEt—Papvr UaRsr. WaLLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway.—Geeatoine—Box axp Cox. NATIONAL THEATER, Ohatham sirest.—Ixcomsn— Covsix Jom—Varpart Youru. BARNUM’S AMERICAN MUSEUM, Broadway.—After- noon and Bvening—Farnan anp Sox—Foun Lovans. WOUD'S MINSTREL BUILDING, 561 and 563 Broadway— EBrmoriax Sones, Dances, 40.—Damox amp Prruias, TANTS MINSTRELS, Mechanics’ Hall, 472 Broadway— aonisaanne, ‘Sons, Dances, 40.—1 Ain’s Gor Timk 0 "ARRY. PALAUB GARD) Concert arp Sor AND GALL, Fourteenth sireet,— DANSANTs. New York, Sunday, August 21, 1859, The News. We have four days later news from Europe, re- ceived by the Hungarian, which arrived at Quebec last mght. The advices are to the 10th inst., and thongh interesting, are not of general importance. The representatives of France, Austria and Sar- dinia met at Zurich on the 8th instant to perfect the treaty of peace agreed upon at Villafranca by the Emperors Napoleon and Francis Joseph, Nothing, however, had been made public respect- ing the proceedings of the Conference. The repre- sentatives, namely, the Marquis Bourqueney, assist- ed by M. de Bonneville, on the part of France; Count Coloredo, on the part of Austria, and Cheva- lier Desambrois, on the part of Sardinia, had been warmly welcomed by the authorities and inhabi. tants of Zurich. The subscriptions to the new stock of the At- lantic Telegraph Company were coming in rapidly. Among the names are those of nearly all the great financial and mercantile houses of Great Britain. The mammoth steamship Great Eastern is at last completed. The event was celebrated on board the ship on the 8th instant by a banquet. The American produce markets exhibit no change of importance. Consols had improved three-eighths to one-half per cent. By way of the Tehuantepec route and New Or. Jeans we have news from San Francisco to the 5th inst, The steamers which left for Panama on that day took nearly two millions in treasure and one thousand passengers for New York. Business con- tinued dull. The ships Northern Eagle, Amos Lawrence, Flying Eagle, Orpheus, Express, and Chariot of Fame, from New York, had arrived out. ‘The news from the mines was satisfactory. By way of Tehuantepec we have also important news from Mexico. Miramon’s Cabinet had been dissolved, and the Archbishop of Mexico had ex- communicated the entire liberal party. General Woll bad been defeated in Tamaulipas, with the loss of all his artillery. In another column may be found interesting news from the Rio Grande and Northern Mexico. The decree of President Juarez respecting the church property of Mexico was celebrated at Mata- moros by the firing of salutes and a general pa rade of the citizens. General Guadalupe Garcia had left Matamoros to join the liberal army, and a new regiment of volunteers was preparing to leave for the same destination. General Degollado was at Matamoros making arrangements for the next campaign. We have advices from Havana to the 13th inst., but the general news is of little importance. Sugar, molasses and freights were dull. The money mar- ket was excessively tight, and exchange on New York et sixty days is quoted at4to 5 per cent discount. $10,000,000 in bonds, bearing six per cent interest, are to be issued by the Spanish Bank of Havana. The parties who were arrested last week for vio- lating the city ordinances in keeping hogs and goats, yesterday morning appeared before the Police Jus- tice. Sentence was, however, suspended, they having received from the Mayor permits to keep their animals unmolested. About one hundredand fifty of these permits have already been issued. Mr. Wise, editor of the Richmond Enquirer, and Mr. Old, editor of the Richmond Hzraminer, fougit a duel yesterday. Two shots were ex- changed, but happily neither party was hit. There were seven steamships left this port yes- terday for various routes, each carrying a full com- plement of passengers and profitable freight lists, viz:—The Fulton, Cope, for Havre; City of Man- chester, Kennedy, for Liverpool; Star of the West, Gray, and North Ster, Jones, for Aspinwall; Quaker City, Shafeldt, for Havana; Alabama, Schenck, for Savannah, and James Adger, Adams, for Charles- ton. The City of Manchester took out $648,000 in specie, and the Fulton $416,280, There has been a flood in the middle of Long Island. On Saturday, the 13th inst., they had a tre. mendous storm of rain, accompanied by incessant thunder. At Mattituck the rain fell to the depth of twenty inches. At Wading River the new bridge was swept away, the mill dam broken, and the made ground about the pond flooded and borne off to the Sound. The roads were terribly cut up; turnpikes a dozen years old were ploughed away by the extemporized rivers, and the lawns covered with sand. It is thirty-three years since any such flood last visited the Island. The annexed table shows the temperature of the atmosphere in this city during the past week, the range of the barometer and thermometer, the variation of wind currents and the state of the weather at three periods during each day, viz: at 9 A. M., and 3 and 9 o'clock P. Mf. SP. M. —__— 85 90.35/70] BA 30. 26}74) 80! 304063) Bs. BBB a are Baie e wi 2080.36 67| ie] mee] REMARKR. r= Mornin; id afternt roast; mn oP Bright mooaligen mat hada Subday—Morning, clear; afternoon, cloudy; night, cloudy noe eo afternoon, clear; night, clear Tuescay— Morning, cloudy; afternoon, clear; night, clear We -—Morning, Clear; afternoon, clear; night, ‘cloudy and moonlight. Tarraday —Moreing, lesr; ftern0eo, clear; n'ght, moon. Mfrisny—Mortngauty; afternoon and night, overcast, faturday-+Morulog, clea. The fifth of the people’s promenade concerts in Central Park occurred yesterday afternoon, and NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, AUGUST 21, 1859, was attended by eight or ten thousand people. We give an account of the affair e'sewhere. The weekly report of the City Inspector, which is published elsewhere this morning, shows that the deaths for the week ending on Saturday numbered 710, which is an increase of 49 over the mortality of the week previous. Of the deaths last week 87 were men,102 women, 287 boys aud 234 girls, As compared with the same week last August there is an increase in the number of deaths last week of 72. Of the whole number of deaths reported by the Inspector, 611 were of ten years and under, and 442 were children of two years of age and less. Cholera infantum still continues to prevail quite extensively, there having been 145 vic- The Republican Platform Officially Indi cuted=But Who is to be Their Man? The Republican National Committee have is- sued a circular, dated Albany, August 16, which we ;ublish to-day. It is a document of som importance, as indicating the issues upon which the republican party will fight the Presidentis! battle of 1860. The first proposition thus presentei is “ resiat- ance to the aggressions of the slave power.” Upon this point it appears that “although some of the exciting incidents (Kansas) of the election of 1856 have been partially disposed of,” the duty of the republicans to adhere to their Phila- tims to that disease during the week. The report informs us that there were 326 deaths of diseases of the stomach, bowels and other digestive or- gens, 110 of diseases of the brain and nerves, 124 of disease of the lungs and throat, 35 of skin and erap- tive diseases, 42 stillborn and premature births, 37 of general fevers, 4 of old age, 13 of diseases of the generative and urinary organs, and 3 of the bones, joints, &c. Eighteen deaths arose from violent causes. The nativity table shows that 569 were natives of the United States, 96 of Ireland, 24 of Germany, 8 of England, 3 of Sconand, 2 of France, 2 of Denmark, 1 of British America, and the balance of different foreign countries. The ship Antarctic, Captain Stouffer, arrived at this port yesterday from Liverpool, having on board thirty Mormons and a choice selection of live stock, as follows:—One bull, one heifer, thirty sheep, three rams, fifteen boxes ferrets, pheasants and rabbits, six dogs and one pony, all of superior breed, and intended for breeding in the States. The cotton market was firmer yesterday, with sales of about 1,000 bales, closing at 3c. advance. We now quote middling uplands at about 1175. a 126. per Ib, Fiour was in more active demand, for State, Western and Southern, and the market closed at an advance tor many grades of 100, a 20c. per bbi ; among the sales of Southern were some lots for export to tropical ports, Wheat was quite steady, and the demand fair for good to orime now qualities, while old and common grades were heavy and sales light. The receipts of corn were scarce, owing to the detention of a tow in the North river at the overslsugh; the sales were moderate and a} full prices Pork was held with more firmness. The sales embraced bew mcss at $1412), a $1425, and prime at $10 a 310 12%. Sugars were steady, with eales of 800 a 0 bhds and 160 boxes. Coffee was firm and in good demand, with tolerably free sales, including a cargo of La gusyra and gome 1,800 bage Maracaibo, part for export. Freights were rm, with moderate engagements; cotton was taken for Liverpool at 7-32d. a 14d. delphia platform ‘was never more pressing than at this moment;” that “the attitude of the slave power is persistently insolent and aggressive,” and that “after having, as occasion required. adopted and repudiated all the crnde theories for the extension of slavery of the ambitious politicians who have cought its favor,” it (the elave power) now demands nothing lesa than “the establishment and protection of slavery in the Territories by act of Congress, and the re- vival ot the African slave trade,” The republican party, therefore, are earnestly invoked to prepare to meet the “slave power,” as represented by the democratic party, upon these issuee; and if the democracy had nomi- nated their Presidential ticket, and declared their platform to be a slave code for the Terri- tories and the African slave trade, there would be no difficulty in predicting the result of the election. But the Charleston Convention will not assemble till next spring, nor can any body believe that when it shall have assembled it will entertain the proposition to etand god- father to the movement for the revival of the African slave traffic. Upon that other question of elavery in the Territories, between the South- ern fire-eaters and the Northern followers of Mr. Douglas, between Congressional intervention and squatter sovereignty, there may be a split and a ecctioval division of the party; but in that case, in addition to the “slave power,” the re- publicans will have to contend against a North- ern democratic party, which may rob them of balf a dozen of the Northern States, Nor is this the only difficulty to the republi- cans foreshadowed in the “signs of the times.” While the paramount question with the squab- bling democracy will be their platform, the most delicate and difficult taek with the republi- cans will be their candidate. Their three most prominant aspirants for this distinction are ex- Governor Seward, of New York; Governor Banke, of Massachusetts, and Governor Chase, of Ohio; and the fourth is General Simon Came- ron, of Pennsylvania Seward’s reliance is the Ppotentiel vote of the Empire State; but Banks has all New England at his back; Chase is the favorite of the Great West, and Cameron holds the balance of power in Pennsylvania. Thus Seward’s position as a representative man would appear to be inferior to that of either Banks or Chase, and eubject even to the good pleasure of General Cameron. But Seward’s auxiliary forces of the Washington and Albany ichby must not be overlooked. Their name ia legion, their lobby schemes and projects cover mapy millions of spoils and plunder, and Seward istheir man. Itis upon these lobby reversex that Tharlow Weed end his corps of Albany assistant engineers mainly depend to carry their champion threugb the Republicas National Con- vention. On the otber hand, the German repnblicans of the West, the American republicans of the East, and the old line Fremont democrats, Bast aud West, will demand some other man than Seward as their candidate. That his partisans will make a desperate straggle through their caucus acd lobby appliances to secure his nomination there can be no doubt; but, in view of the fact that his nomination will inevitably defeat his party, the outside pressure may be again too strong for him, as if wasin 1856. We fiud very ltitle in tbe republican pewspapers in his behalf; but, on the other hand, we do discover the symptoms ofa growing desire to get rid of this Auburn agitator and his Rochester mantfeeto The exact organization uf parties for the Presi- dency meantime awaits, first, the action and re- eulte of the Charleston Convention; and secondly, the Republican Convention. But as the republi- can platform, judging from this preliminary mani- feeto on the “slave power,” will, in any event, leave a fine margin for an independent opposi- tion party, the chances are at least equal that Seward, Thurlow Weed and their lobby engineers will again have to go tothe wall, and that Banks or Chase will be the republican candidate. ‘The Sabbath Superstition—The Puritans Re- futed by their Own Standard. One of the great champions of the Reforma- tion in England, Chillingworth, announced the principle that “the Bible and the Bible alone is the religion of Protestants,” and in all Protest- ant creeds, and by all Protestant controver- sialiste, in opposition to Romanism, that prin- ciple has been invariably adopted. The New Englander, the organ of Puritanism, says:—“The fundamental principle of Protestantism is that the Bible is authority, and the only authority, in religion, the sole and sufficient rule of faith and practice.” The very name of the Puritans is ia- dicative of this principle, and they are defined to be “a sect who profess to follow the pure Word the Conference at Zurich—First Step in the Path of Italian Nationality. We learn by the Hungarian that the Conference at Zurich has met, and Sardinia was admitted as amember. This marks her status as one of the great Powers of Europe, and that fact alone, if none other were presented, shows how complete- iy Louis Napoleon bas gained his true point ia the Italian war. If Italy is not free from the Alps to the Adri- atic, an Italian Power has been brought into existence asa leading State, and this alone se- cures a progressive future for the Italian penin- sula, Hitherto cat up into little duchies, petty kingdoms and States, subject to priestly misrule, ftaly has long been the pliant tool or bleeding victim of other Powers. In the councils of the nations she had no seat, in their policy she had no weight, and statesmen had come to look upon her as “a geographical expression.” Thoso times bave passed away with the smoke of the oan- non of Montebello, Magenta and Solferino, and Italy emerges from the sulphnrous cloud with a recognized nationality. It is not a complete one, nor should it be so. What she has now obtained she owes to olher hands than her o vn, and it were not meet that the protecting Power thould give her all that to her belongs, and ieave to her nothing for selfattainment. Even the greatest good, when we owe it entirely to another, is irksome; ud a national existence, form of government, and the apirit of the laws, when conferred by any other than the nation’s own right hand, are always odious to the popn- lar heart. * In stopping where he did, in driving Austria from a large aud fair portion of Italy, in giving the Italians an opportanity to construct their own system of government, and to meet their exigencies with self imposed rules, Louis Napo- leon showed the spirit of a philosophic states- man, and the aspirations of a wise and moderate ambition. Excited enthusiasts may complain because Austria is left in Venetia; but before any Italian has right to do this, his country- men must show that they have the ability to go- vern wisely the redeemed part, and to enter upon a course of political and social construction that will insure a permanent national existence, If they cannot do this without Venetia, they cannot do it with her, and will therefore have no right to push their farther claims, It may be argued that by being left in Vene- tia Austria has still a preponderatiog influence in the Italian Confederation, and will prevent the sound initiation of a new and constructive order of things. But this is not so. Austrian influence has received a deadly wound in Italy, the Austrian troops have been driven out, and her secret treaties with subservient dukes and ducheeses have been annulled. Besides this, the recent war has brought to Austria herself a etate of change. She has opened her eyes, and sees that reform is neceseary in her domestic as well asher foreign policy. By stopping where he did, Lonis Napoleon enabled her to make peace and to initiate her reforms without dishonor and without shame. In all this Louis Napoleon has carried the em- pire in France te a higher pitch of glory than ever did the first Napoleon. There have been grave reasons, founded in the spirit of the age, that have enabled him to do this. The first Na- poleon, as testamentary executor of the first French Revolution, inherited a war with all the feudal ideas of the past. The German princes, under the lead of one of their own blood and bone, George III., took arms against him. The popular mind was too igno- rant to comprehend what true progress was, and stimulated by fictitious cries and false arguments, they sided with the despots, The old tory party then governed and bled England under pretence ofsaving the nation, when it was only them- selves they fought to save. Now, however, the people know better, and the German barons have been unable to restore the old order of things They made the attempt, however, and raised a great cloud ofdust inGermany. Another of their tribe, too—the Coburg, in England—brought the court there to the old way of thinking. Through the late Derby tory ministry an attempt was made to carry England into a war with Austria against France. But the good sense of the people prevailed, and the tories were thrown from power. The Conference that has now begun at Zurich marke another step in the great revolution that is going on in Europe. The new Italian Power is admitted to fellowship with the sovereigns, and Louis Napoleon brought the fact by making ‘peace as soon as his own superiority was shown, and before Austria was battered into an obsti- nate and destructive resistance. stitutions and other authorities.” Tradition has been alwaya rejected by Puritan divines as an ungafe foundation on which to rest any article of faith or any Christian observance. Yet on no observance. There is no authority for it in the eacred writings, and the descendants or ad- mirers of the Puritans retain it merely because their forefathers believed in it and practised it. But there were many things which the Puritans believed and practised of which their descend- ants are now asbamed—for example, belief in the existence of witches, and burning them to death. Catholics formerly believed the same thing for centuries; but in their case it was only in obedience to the head of the church. Pope Innocent VIIL. issued a bull against them which was kept in operation for two hundred and fifty years, during which thousands were brought to the stake. At later date—so late as 1692—in a single year in one village of New England nineteen persons were burned for witchcraft and one preesed to death. Why do not the modern Puritans burn witches now? There is just as much authority for Puritanical witch-burning as for the Puritanical Sabbath. As Catholics believe in tradition, or handing down by word of mouth, from generation to ge- neration, doctrines and practices for which there is no authority in the Bible; and further, as they believe that the church has power to decree cere- monies and observances, they would be justified in obeerving any kind of Sabbath the church thought proper to impose on them. But it is ut- of God, in opposition to traditions, human con- | better foundation rests the Paritanical Sanday | Puritans, tradition being one of the chief grounds on which tbey revolted from the Oburch of Rome* Their argument fa that the Bible is a complete wnd perfect code of faith and morals, and that nothing can be added to or diminished therefrom, and that the exhortation to “prove all things by the standard of the Scriptures, and hold fast that which is good,” is addressed to every Christian. But where in the Scriptures do they find any warrant for the Paritanical observ- ance of Sunday? No doubt in the twentieth chapter of Exodus, in the law promulgated from Mount Sinai through Moses to the Jews, the rigid observance of the Sabbath, or seventh day, is commanded among a vast number of other or- dinances and observances, which were abrogated by Christ, who came to give a new law to his followers. It is certain that Abraham, “the friend of God” and “the father of the faithful,” observed no Sabbath; nefther did Isaac nor Jacob. And Christians now again are freed from this ob- servance. The Jewish religion was one which con- sisted entirely of ceremonies and types. These foreshadowed Christ and his religien, and were declared by him to be at an end. When the sub-. stance came the shadows were no longer of any use. Else why do not Christians practise cir- cumcision? Christ violated the strict Jewish Sabbath himself by going into the fields and gathering corn, and declaring “‘that the Sabbath was made for man, and not man for the Sabbath.” He also directed the healed cripple to carry his couch on the Sabbath. The command says, “Thou shalt do no manner of work, neither thou, por thy man servant, nor thy maid servant,” which in the original is “male slave and female slave,” and the Puritans, who contend for this ancient observance of the Sabbath, ought to contend also for the ancient institution of slavery, which is thus found in connection with it. In point of fact they did support the doc- trine of slavery in Massachusetts by such texts as long as the institution was profitable to them. Now, the carrying of a bed was some manner of work; therefore, Christ commanded the man to violate the Jewish Sabbath, which for- bids any manner of work to be done, Even collecting wood for fuel on the Sabbath was pronounced by God himself to be worthy of death, and from the fifteenth chapter of Num- bera we learn that a man who was found gathering sticks on the Sabbath day was brought before Moses, who consulted the Lord, and the Lord commanded him to be put to death, and all the congregation stoned him till be died. This was the penalty ordained by God. Are those who insist upon the observance of a Sabbath like that of the Jews prepared to inflict the penalty of death for its violation? The Puritans of New England two hundred years ago were more consistent, for they inflict- ed the death penalty, provided the offence was committed “presumptuously.” Again, in the thirteenth chapter of Nehemiab, “treading winepresses on the Sabbath, and bringing in sheaves, and lading asses, and selling fish,” are all denounced as breaches of the Sab- bath, Now Constantine, in the year 321, before Christianity was yet changed or corrupted, made alaw that Sunday should be kept asa day of rest in all cities and towns, but he allowed the coun- try people to do their agricultural work on that dey; and the eelling of fish on Sun- day is one of the exceptions made by modera legislation about Sunday. So that in the time of Constantine Sunday was not kept with Jewish strictnest, nor do the Puritans themselves now so keep it. Yet they pretend that the Sabbath given to the Jews is part of the moral law, aud is of perpetual obligation. How can that bea moral Jaw and of perpetual force which is not founded in the nature of things? All days are holy alike by nature and in the sight of God, and the one day was set apart among the Jews euly as @ portion of the ritual obligatory on them. If there is anything sacred in the seventh day, why is vot that day still observed, instead of changing it to the first day of the week, called Sunday? There is no authority in the Bible for the change, and if it was part ot tbe moral law and of perpetual obligation, it could not be changed. The charac- ter of the celebration of Sunday among the early Christiats was entirely different from that of the celebration of the Sabbath. It was the day on which Christ rose from the dead, and on that account was a holy day—a day of festivity and joy—whereas the Jewish Sabbath was a day of gloom. Sunday does not appear to be kept by any divine command, and only gradually grew into a custom, till at last Constantine gave it the sanction of law, not aa a Jewish or Puri- tanical obeervance, but such as it is observed all over Christendom, except in the United States, where alone Christiana follow the Jews. Were the observance of Sunday of that importance which the “Sabbath Committee” of this city and the Puritans attach to it, it would not be left in doubt in the New Testament, nor to the uncertainty of tradition. There would be a plain, direct command, such as that which God gave the children of Israel. Now there is nothing of this kind in the Gospels, Acts of Apostles, Epistles or Apocalypse. It is not pretended that there is any command. We come, therefore, to the eame conclusion as St. Paul, who declares the reverencing of certain days as invested with a holy character to be a superstitious return to the weak and beggarly elements of Jewish bondage, from which Christ came to deliver his people. And shall the inha- | bitants of this enlightened Empire City permit any eet of Sabbatarians, or Puritans, or Protest- | ant Popes or Police Inquisitors, or pious Pills- | burys, to abridge their Christian and constitu. | tional liberty, under pretence of superior sanc- tity or color of law, and thus deprive them of those rights chartered in the New Testament, and guaranteed by the constitution of the State of New York? The Piety and Patriotism of Lotteries. Lotteries were formerly very pious or very patriotic affairs when they were applied to ob- jects of benevolence and charity, such as hospi- tals and asylums, or to educational institutions, such a8 colleges and academies, or to public works, such as roads, bridges, and the improve- ment ot the navigation of rivers, About the earliest account we have of a lottery is one at Amsterdam in 1549, where rome of cur pious Dutch ancestors employed it for the purpose of raising money to build the tower of a church. In the early history of Rhode Island wo find it was employed for the building of churches and other sacred uses. In 1582 and 1588 lotteries were established in the Old World by Louis de Gonzaga for a purpose almost equally good—the providing of dowries for the poor girls of his estates, A lottery could not be established for a more ap- propriate object, for there is no greater lottery $m life than marriage. Dr. Johnson, a shrewd observer of the world, remarked that marriages terly inconsistent for Protestants, and above all, ‘ could not be worse assorted than they are if they were drawn by lot. ‘The trath is, that they are regulated by chances and circumstances as va- riable and uncertain as the drawing of the blanks and prizes in a lottery. In 1612 8 lottery was granted by the English Parliament in aid of the Virginian Company, which founded the first Anglo-Saxon colony in the New World—that which may be regarded as the nucleus of the United States. The cause of American independence was helped along by the same kind of aid, and the practice of lotteries pre- vailed in every State till a comparatively recent period, when, partly owing to the new lights of evangelical religion pretending to be better than our honest forefathers, and the fact of those who directed lotteries finding a more pro- fitable business in other games of chance, such 8 stocks and banks and railroads, lotteries have been abolished in every State ex" cept three. Lotteries were too honest for the rogues who wanted to make rapid fortunes by the swindling operations carried on in stocks. So recently were lotteries legal and moral in this State, that Horace Greeley began life as an edi- tor of a lottery paper, called the Constitutionalist. By what process of spiritual alchemy does that which was moral and pious a few years ago be- come now immoral and impious? The general abandonment of the business has tbrown it completely into the hands of a few Persons, who arg making evormous fortunes by the monopoly which the laws give them in those States which have legalized it; for, so long as there is a lottery legally open in any State, the tickets will be bought and sold in all the other States, in despite of every law to the contrary. In this city alone the agents of these lotteries realize annually a million of dollars, The present outery against lotteries is the most absurd and hypocritical ever uttered by the Pharisees. When the lotteries were wanted to pay off State debts or to build churches, they were excellent things; but when men try to make money with them for their own benefit, then their character becomes changed. During the last twenty-five years, ia those States where lotteries have been abolished, there has been a greater amount of rascality and roguery than was ever witnessed before. In lotteries properly regulated by the State there is more fair play for the man who invests his money in them than for those who buy rail- road stocks, or deposit their money in rotten banks. There is no more immorality in a fair lottery than there fs in life, fire and marine in- surance companies, which are all founded on the doctrine of chances, like lotteries, For instance, in the case of life insurance, if a man should die in the first year after he has obtained a poli- cy, the company loses, and his surviving rela- tives gain by it. But should the insured live very long he pays three times over what the company are bound to pay at hisdeath. Thus he loses, and the company wins. Ifa house+that has been insured is burned, or a ship Insured goes down, the insured is fortunate and the insurance companies are unlucky; but if a man has in- sured his house, year after year, all his life, or another man his ahips, voyage after voyage, and neither suffer losa by fire nor water, then these men have been unfortunate in paying so much money to insurance companies for which they have re- ceived no cquivalent. In this case the comps- niee have been fortunate, and the chances have come out in their favor. Now we ask who lifts hia voice against the immorality of insurance companies? Are not members of the church— the very pillars of picty—among the presidents and directors? Life iteelf isa lottery. One man succeeds and another fails in business, owing fre- quently to good or bad fortune more than to any superior industry or ability of the one above the other. Often a man’s whole destiny is affected by going to his home or to his office on a certain day through one street rather than another. So touch are men the creaiures ot circumstances which they cannot control. The cry against lot- teries, therefore, ia neither sustained by picty nor common sense—neither by philosophy, mo- tality nor religion. It is chiefly raised by men who want to divert the money from these chan- nels and to bring grist to their own mills. THE LATEST NEWS. INTEBESTING FROM WASHINGTON. The Duel Between Mcsers. Wise and Old ‘Two Shots Exchanged and Nobody Hurt— The Politicians Laying thetr Traps for the Public Printing=The Alieged Defalcation of Major French, &. OUR SPECIAL WASHINGTON DESPATCH. Wasninaron, August 20, 1859, Mesers. Wize and Old, of Richmond, met at Jackson Hill, about three miles from this city, and fought with Pistols at ten paces, this morning. Two shots wero ex- changed without either party being hit, when tho seconds interfered and a settlement was agreed upon. fhe cor- respondenco is now being drawn vp, The affair grew out of the comments of the Richmond Examiner upon the Wise-Donnelly letter, which appeared exciusively in the HeRatp, from Albany, The father of Mr. Old is in the city to prevent hostilities, He arrived, however, after the mecting had taken place. The terms of settlement are satisfactory to both par- ties, Mr. Old has an affection of the eyes, which obliges him to wear a shade, and unfils him for fighting, Wise is greatly chagrined at fighting 80 much without hitting any one. It injures his reputation as a good shot. One of Senator Dougias’ dinner party to-day says it |. was ® ‘feast of reason and flow of soul.” N» doubt they had a good time, notwithstanding it is full fourteen months from now till the election—in these fast times euf- ficient to unmake and make a great number of candidates. The printivg of the next Congress gives the press of this city the greatest anxiety. Several of the pauper papers will have to stop if they cannot eecure the printing of the Senate or the House. They are now playing “butt,” iseuing flaming prospectuses, with high sounding names, Pretending they are going to do great things; but report ‘ays if they do not get the printing they must ahut up shop. Mr. Wendell has just returned trom a lengthy visi: to New York. He and Phuriow Weed and Matteson have been hob-nobbing and intriguing together with reference to the printing, and doubtless think they will have it all theirown way. Blair and Rives @ watching them, how- ever, and these old foxes know some tricks which Weed and Wendell have not learned yet. The Globe office is on- larged, and in readiness to do all the public printing. ‘There will be an inteernting fight. The Treagury defalcation case has two sides to it. Major French is s man of property, and able to pay for any dis- crepancies, but bas held himself obnoxious to some of the plunderers. He was formerly enginesr of the Hudson River Railroad. His friends say be will come out right. ‘The cfficials ery it is a bad cage, An investigation is going forward. Major French isa West Pointer of date with Jef. Davis. His firet wifo was a daughter of Mr, Warren one of the wealthiest men of Troy. Shoemaker and Cook, of Detroit, are atill on the gridiron, ‘JHE GENERAL NEWSPAPER DESPATCH, ‘Wastixcrox, Augest 20, 1859. The charge against Major Edmond French, Pay Oierk o the Bureau of Construction of the Treasury Department, ia faleoly making and forging certificates and receipts tor the purpose of obtaining money from the United Statos ‘This arrest was made yesterday, a. stated in a former despatch, but not until after @ corsultation betwoun the Seoretary of the Treasury, the Solicitor of the Treasury, the District Attorney, Mr. Oulii, and Major Bowman, aud giving bim an opportunity ty explain. ‘The affair has created tnuch gossip. The oxtent of tho alleged defelcation is no} ascertained, News from Havana, Barrons, August 19, 1859, ‘The steamer Baltimore has arrived here with Havans dates of the 13th instant, Sugars were heavy, with the exception of musoovados, Which were firm at unchanged prices, owing to a small In molasses nothing waa doing. Freighta were inactive, Exchange on New York had advanced. The rates for money wage stringent, owing to excesssive tightness im the market, Bonds, signed by several loading houses, to the extent of ten millions, bearing interest at six per cont, aro to be fegoed by the Spanish Bank at Havana. Exchange on London was 14 to 15 cent premjuns, and on Now York, at sixty days, * t ‘discount. five por cont ‘The Baltimore reports leaving at Havana steamer Oocas Bird, from St, ‘Thomas for New York, to repair. Theship Momenger, for New York, had Just arrived; also, barks ‘Linwood, from New York, and Adriatic, from Bostoa, es, Specie En Route for New York, New Onceans, August 20, 1869, The steamship Empire City sailed from here to day via Havana, taking $775,000 in specie for Now Yorlc. Louisiana Congressional Nomination. Naw Onumans, August 20, 1869. ‘The Americans have nominated J. E. Bowling for Coa- gress. New York State Politics, Syracusn, August 20, 1869, ‘The Second Assembly District Democratic Convention of Onondaga county convened this afternoon at tho Oity Hall, and selected the Hon. Thomas J. Alvord as their delegate to the Democratic State Convention. Resolutions approving of the district system delegates to the Charles- ton Convention, and the postponement of the election ef such delegates until after the next State election were unanimously adopted, é ‘The Ship Commodore on Fire. Boston, August 20, 1859. The ship Commodore, from Liverpool, is on fire in ths lower hold. She lies at the Battery wharf. Another despatch says the Commodore has been ecut- tled. She has settled two feet. Her cargo will be badly damaged, but the ebip will probably be saved. She now lies in twenty-seven feet of water. The fire took place in the lower hold, and was undoubtedly the result of sponta- neous combustion, The Nova Scotian Outward Bound. MowtrEat, August 20, 1869, The steamship Nova Scotian sailed from here at ten o’clock this morning for Liverpool, with eighty passengers. Wind west, Weather clear, Fire at Philadelphia. PHILADELPHIA, August 20, 1859. The main building of George B. Sloat & Co's, Sewing Machine Manufactory was burned to the ground this morning. The fire was the work of an incendiary. In- surance $30,000. The engine and a portion of the factory was uninjured. The destruction of the manufactory has thrown 700 persons out of employment, but they will a once recommence operations at the new quarters pro- vided for them by the firm. Music in the Central Park. IMMENSE CONCOURSE IN THE RAMBLE—APPEARANCE OF THE CKOWD—THE RAMBLE, ETC., ETO. The Saturday afternoon promenade concerts in the Cen- tral Park have settled down into one ‘:thepermanent popular institutions of New York—one those preroga- tives of enjoyment which our citizens will not be likely Boon to dispense with. Esch succeeding concert hitherto has attracted a larger crowd than its predecessor, and the fifth concert, which came off yesterday afternoon, eciipsod all its predecessors, having been listened to by a crowd variously estimated at from seven to ten thousand people. The following is the official programme as published by the Concert Committeo, and sold on the ground at three cents a copy:— FIFTH CITIZENS’ PROMENADE CONCERT IX THE CENTRAL PARK, same persous (niece inrallda) durivy aN ihe oneere. Fate will be an interval of fitteen mtaoutes between the parts, to al- low promenaders to extend thelr walks to the lower saria of the Kemble. The water boys are paid for thelr services, and visiters are requested not to offer them gravuiies [he ex nse attending Lope col ed 1m every particular ry the Mgrs 2 iributions of citizeus {f there ahould bs any Fioth wits Of these vrogrammes. tt will oe ty sustain ine Concurts Are solicied, and may be sed 19 the supe Hy Hy obey ta the Superintendent of Prograuun. BE BaVALLLS, Parr il. Mortale anzo oppresea,) Luisa ‘Bummer... BFS© pee ppp The routes to the Central Park have been made much Ploasanter in the past two or three weeks by the abate- ment of the piggery and offal nuisances, which formerly filled with their rank odors the nostrils of passengers in the city cars, to an extent for which the fresh, pure breezes that blow over the Park scarcely compensated. The Sixth and Eighth avenue cars run to Fifty-ninth street, the southern boundary of the Park, and the Second and Third avenue roads leave their passengers at Seventy-first street, which is nearly opposite, and but a short distance from, the Ramble, The cars on all these roads ran crowded from an early hour in the afternoon, and all the approaches to the Upper Ramble wore thronged with con- tinuous processions, going and coming, until nearly dark, The music, which was furnished by Dodworth’s Band, commenced at half-past four o’clook, and lasted until the sun bad gone down behind tho Palisades ina halo of golden mist. The music, of course, wag excellent, but in the midst of such a scene nobody could stop to criticise it. The crowd was made up of the most respectable, and to ‘@ large extent, even aristocratic, materials. Ladies and children largely predominated, nearly every gentleman having from one to three ladies under his escort, and, ifn pater familias, a number of tender olive brauches be- sides, who frolicked about the pleasant walks like so many gay butterflles. There were fifty or sixty carriages on the ground, a back way having been provided for reaching the upper part of the ground in close proximity to the music atand, Here and there among the crowd and along the walks were urchins peddling lozengos ; and cakes, candies and apples were not wanting. The Little fellows {n hickory shirts employed to dispense water to the thirsty etood with their pails and dippers at every turn, and were liberally patronized. A great many of the visit- ers were from the couatry, or from distant towns and cities, accompiuied generally by their motro- politan friends, and almost invariably they were loud and earnest in their commendations of the music, the beautiful Ramble, the Park, with its pro- mises of magnificence, and all thereunto portaining. Tho Grotto, ** Pike’s Peak,” and the tunnel in process of exca- vation under Observatory Hill, were points which elicited the most admiration from those of the “ rural districte.’? During the whole afternoon wo could not leara of any disorderly conduct; in fact, we have never, in all our ox- Perience, encountered a better behaved concourse, The greatest crowd was about five o’clock, when thero wera not far from four or five thousand people within a atone’a throw of the music stand. The scene at this timo from the Observatory was of tho most animated description. The vast crowd gathered in the open space about the music stands, tho groups scatered bither and thither, sit- ing gnd reclining on the green grass and in the shade of the rocks, the gangs of evorkmen digging and drilling in the romoter portions of the Park, the great city boyond, overspread with a dark curtain of smoke drifting weatward in the wind, and the clear bius. sky over all, unbroken by a single cloud, all combined to form ® picture worthy of the pencil of an artiat. A friend suggested taat the gyoup of carciages in waiting, the quiet congregation, and she music, renainded him of some great funeral pageant in tho country. The greatest want of the occasion wnsaplaco to. sit. Ono long row of seata has boen provided near the Stand, but these do not afford a quarter of the accommodation necded for tired mortals, who, religiously observing the request to“ please do not traad on the grase,” are compelled to, wander away almos} out of haaring of the music to fin’, @ Treating place. Wo trust this may ho remasied before eho next concert. ‘Tho programme was completed with tho Stirring notes of Yankee Doodle” shortly after sunset; but loog before that time the crowd had began to diaperse, forming long Processions down tho walka leading tothe various railroad lines, Tho cars wera:un every minute, and for hours were loaded down, “ine passengers clinging on the outsido aad wherever ® foothold could be secured, like awarma of bees,