The New York Herald Newspaper, August 21, 1859, Page 3

saneceeerneeretennenemennnc neta fT CT proper came off in the | to the ensuing of ser; — Frayer Dy the Prewdem, jo (ava, FS Watts, Peacham, 2 ee ogi’ Inverwure a= Cano,” J. 0. LO ee ae tie Relaiton of Biyia to Literaiure,” M. ell, New Haven, Port hou autiertoe & meanu Of Developing Thirac ter,” aaniversary of Middlenury Cotege Cevgregasione oburch according . Severna ©, Middlebury, Bitier's Moral Philosopuy,, 6 Oranon—" Mabop GB! "0%. rary Disyarmition—'*Toe Writings of Hugh iitter,”? BL Hike, midotebory. 7 Porosophical oraigo—"' She True Method of Stadying Bislory,” WH Kntgbt. Braitienorn 8. Ore'0o—"The Conversion of Natural Fyrces,” 3. W. Seger, Ptefeld 9 Vaieortory Oration—'R gid Totaliectnal Discipline Promotive of Moraiity ”” WR Soipman, Rochostor, Machor'e Orstion, CM Moad Degreee conferred, prayur oy the Presidents venedic: too ‘The valed| yy oration was a piece of strong, health. ‘fol eloqoeo™, and reflictod great credit upon ite aetbor, The Lain #ainiatory was & decided auc eens, and we Mavter’s oration was a neat apd Wetared piece of tbovgit. AL the close of te epedking (he degree ol A 8 wae voaferred uova the PDE Fpeskers alluded (9 souve, comprininy tee Gradual bs four for following iw the ‘ext of the degree whinb is delivered Qo the Candidates upow sms usval sorepakia:— pentine Ausdemin es Ceilegit Mediohnewastem -esubiies Vicrthmontans, Vmbus Kerarum tudhee balniew ib Vounuo -empiernen. i Voots natum SH mmm prada print Candida fam Kroes con wttbes novila / OnneRndiN ue Keverend’@ Fanlo Grscuge © rom Abera.toum Geeorarit eh rd frognca eoutu Dames aique diguibaie 4) dum pertinent — ujue o e aMmege autum er asa date wh nin saeh wuts et amcule orivlings wogae at oundea Honw olle ii exyiLaw ot Pre vt wei dio deckms Augnatl, sano 8% jm Quequorzesmo Rone ADLOUe Laiependen ia ames am compres qeno. oe ] et Had, GL Tinven, Secreterme B 4. in Cwie—®, Alon Hoory Foster, L. A. Aven, OM. deed and Jona 0 Lara see. MA. Camra Honore. Nor F Gootitge, of Georgia; C.F Ford, vastieton, Mestoal Oolegn; Samuei Sean, Bow tow, Mass: Chara Avtnooy, alway, NY. Honorary L.L D —Rou George A Dvcia, Secretary of Londen frack -ocety, Loudon, kngiand, Hoa. Peter Surr, Mudlenary, Vs. Honorary D D.—Rev. Lather Lee, Profeseor of Theo- Jogy in Wesiey en Sewnary. the disuoguiehed porroos present at the exer. thes er Hotced Dir wliemcy 400 Hilaad kastl, Gover. zor of Vermont; Predident Larabee, Kev. Dr Walker, ay Tiden, Bon. Sremon Foot, of she Ueites Stat Seoretary of ihe College; Boardman, De Jonstoag ‘aion, of ths Boston Cusiom Hise; Profeesor Parker, Professor Robbins, Rev Dr Oak, of Oastiston; Rev Dr. Marnn, of New York city; Rev. Me Goodure, Professor Jamee D Batier, of tue Wisoousia Univers: Rev Wr Mteew, Aon, Mr Fair sots, of St. Joonsbarg, Rav. J. Q 4. Ware, and many oters. ‘This evening & dritivant levee of the In velient and fashion Of the Green Mountain State is going forward at President Taranee's, whica [ atieuded tor «few moment, mach 49 By watiefection ane pleasure Beauufal omen and spi- Tited mon te every depariweutot iife mlogie in han isome imwrcoure, and nbarity snd chotes iMerary mire role the hour. To morrow, oy a strange order of events, the Alumni Associevon Doi! (ner anqual meeting, when av 1 be delivere? by Ree J 0. Butler, of Hudigon, poem by 4 © Biker, of Peekenrviite, sh the annua) dimuer wul be aevoured; 1 Come Craorical “‘honswagiing,” which Wil Olwee (De hiterary and scnolsetic festwiiies of Middie ary Coliegs for che currens year. Toe town is fail to everfiowieg, and the adoieoo Yonge, a inet desiran'e sud Allractive hotel, kept by the Adame Brothers, is ative with gayety, snd open snd frank aneni intercorres. Tac Germs. bie Band, of Boston, give a concert to night m toe couren, which w Low fang uo with a fxgaiougnie audience. Your eorrerpondent desires to ro0ew In this CoFrespoadance fis vente of ubiigailon ty dr. Sherman, of the present semior cles, for many coariegne attentions showa him. 116878 for Troy wo pight, ans ev we KO, RECROLOGICAL LST OF MIDLLFRUKY COLLEGE FOR THE YEARS iBb8-5y. ‘Glass 1807— Hon, Vilham Stace, ex Governor of Vermont. Siage of 18(2—Now‘iah Moors 1814—Nebemian Catier, MD. 18L4—Rev. Reoban Post, D. 0, 2820—Kev. Ora Pearsoa, tev. John Ingeraotl. 1$93—Giibert J. Lane. eelebration of the « Fourth” in Turkey. OUK CONSTANTINOPLE CORRESPONDENCE. CosstantNoPte, July 16, 1859. 4 Yarke Abroad—How He Thinks of His Naiwe Land— A Remantic Celebration of the National Anniversary Speeches by Mr. Walliams, Omsul General Brown, Gen. dann Ward—American Missionaries, dc., dc. The birthday of our counwy’s independence has been @elebrated by very many mectings in the United Siates more numerovsly attended, more dezziing in appearance, more profuse in demovetrations; yet I doubt whether ‘Were hes beer one in which were to be found bearts more Foyal,® pauiotism more devoted, or a love of country more aincere than in the little gsthering of American cit!- 44100 the Asiatic chose of the Bosphorus, iis vos in the midst of biereings, surrounded by all the comforts of life, wanting rotbing, fearing nothing, re- moved even from sight and sound of everything calculated 6 mer enjoy went or even to remind vs that the picture on which we jook has avother side, that we are most apt to gOorm a» just appreciation of oar good fortune. Such, in- deed, seems «imont to be the condition of the American Gitizen at home. But here, | how different. Posse: tng, an I trust all do, at least the etmplo necossarics of life, aeeesee by the strong arm of our government ageinst Injustice, we fear potbing, yet stand in the midst of all qhat by contrast could remind us ef the manifold bless- smge—materva', social, religions and political—whioh pertain to the free citizeos of the United States, The celebration wok place at Haokiar Skelessi, “the Janding place of the manelayer,”’ situated at the extremity Of ono of the most beau'iful valleys on the Asiatic side of the Borphorus. It was ovce a javorite resort of thy Sal fans, ard was adorned with springs, cisterns, founiaina’ perk ofss, and everything that could add & charm to ite ‘Dative lovermess. But these pave ail cisappeared, and there remain at present only the bemutifal iswa, the flue 01d pline tress, the jittle brook ana the surrounding hi\ls On a hill near by, projecting iusto the sea, is m small palace of red aud’ white marvie, built by ® Pasha of Kgypt, entirety of Egyptian marble, as 2 present to the Sultan. 1 betieve be uas never, bowever, ag much as set his foot in tt, At ali e 8. it is uofurcished, usinhabdited, 1d enrrounded only by a denve mazes of weeds. about one buaered perrons—-men, women avd cbil- @rex—ail told, were present; fome of them from distant migeious in Asin, Instead of the Westera barbecue, a de- Ignifui picoic, to which toe company sat down’ é la Turk, but not votil the blessing of the Almighty hat een’ invoked upon the Lise meeting wud pou our coun- try, whore dirtiday we bad met toceloorate, Tt was a spectacle to cheer tue beart of every American patrion— Bot beceues of our numbers, for we were few —v% Decause of the magnificence of the banquet, for tt was. unpreteeding—vot from any mers ouiward diapiag of pre~ pararion, for of thik toere was little to attract the absorva- tion of an indifferent paseer by. Bat to one who from the face could read the Deurt, it Was a picture upon which even dexpousta could gearceiy haye looked uomoyed, ‘We were co mavy brothere snd sisters-—one family, one Leart—for on that day but one sentiment pervaded every Dowm. We jefe our cares and trousles, of waten all of us huve our share, behind us; our petiy differeuses of Opinion up poricics kad Teligioy, aud whatever else may at umes produce » teraporary estrangement, we put far way tom us. There was was nv question: are you Methodist, Preebytcrian or Episcopalian? are yon from Marsachusetts or South Carolina? Tt waa cough to know that we were American citizeos; that we butted from the Jad of Washiogion; toat tne same flag, the stars and stripes, prot ue all. ‘We knew bat one God, one country; and to tbat Cod, with hoarte overilowing wita gratituce and thuokfulnese, we addressed ourselves in for. vent prayer for his continued benediction upon thab country. ‘The meeting was addracsed Dy our Minister, James Wiltinras: our Goa gol General, sr. Hrown; the Rev. Dr. Dwight, and Gen, Airon Ward, of Westchester county, New York. T pall not attempt ecca the bricfesy mein of their remarks, I may say, howover, that besides tho topice uenaliy diecutred on such oscasions, the Minister ul: Juded ia a feeling manuer to the happy inilacnes exerted throughout the Turkish empire by our American mission- ariee—not alone by the number of their converts, but hy the troly Christiss feeling with which the hearts of all ‘were impressed who witnessed cheir lives, and the kimdly Bentimeat vroated in bebelf of a consiry which sent ‘abroad to every laid men having uo potitical miasion, but ‘only one of love and good will to all, His remarks wore Sonciude by offering the following sent meyt:— ‘The American Provevta:t Missionaries in the Ottoman empire—They teach ur a pure religion by example ag ‘Well ae precept, The fruits of teeir favors are to be found in the bearte of 91 kore, whether Lurks or Jewe or Ctris- tians, who wiiness that {a private life they practise those ‘Virtues which tn public they teach In reeponse to thie sentiment Dr. Dwight, who has besa for fo wavy yeare Gisting ised for the zeal with which hho han dev himcelf*to the mission of Christian. ty in Turkey, epeke in terms of warmest gratitudo to the Miniter for the personal kindness which he had 80 often rhown to the mipsionaries, and of toe promptness bola ee Ed respon ied to every Just cause orcs Turkish avrnoritien akan ae ne The addreas of Mr. Brown, besides the aatico of the EUR! topics, ZAvE Le A MOS Iterevting history of the EDO On which me had met, It preveutod & atriking contrast Andeud 10 our own bistory. Lremret bat L have not been blo to yet a report of his remarks, which for beauty of Ssyle se weil a€ tho interest of tho narratives would have ‘Deen h treat to every lover of iiteratare, fhe evening closed upon ue, and then after a day of Feel eunshine kod happiness Lucre came the only pang ‘Which touched the heart—the ead words good bya, and our Separation; but this not ontil al! with one voice nuited in ng our nevional antkems—“Tne Star Spangled Ban. jer and “Kal Columbia”? Lknow but little of music, Tkuaw eometbing of the human hoart, aud I know ho fall measure of whtoh im_ appropriate stvle » dot ‘Wat those who mung nad pearie ‘was poured forth in every straw of thowe consecrated airs. Ab night the summer residence of our Minister at Bayk- dery Gn the Bovptorus wae beantituily Muminated. a ‘and of music played on the qnay in frowtof the house: fireworks lit upthe eky, sad the whole wceue was en. Heeced oy the hundrese « omensied the atreeta, at- tracted by tho music, the nowe!ty of the scons, aud the ‘occation which called forth theso #lgas of rejorcing. Gold en the Lstbm w— Valuable Archwological Drecovery. TO fPE RDITOR OF TAB BEWALD. ‘The new Ki Dorado @bica bas b-en opened up among the tombe of the nations who floartshed coataries and do- cades of centorioa ago on the txthmus bas awakened the cupidity of our people, and arasher, ané wilder, and more Tapacious nrosd then thas which Nes #0 recenily Berioged Pike's Peak threatens wo invade avd desecrate every fout of anctems Doria! grovne to tropics, America Thete dwoovorice may bo valuable to the mere gold Beeker, bot they possess to ind man of seleuce a value which cannot be estimated by duilars and cents. Phoooly fear now is that in the witd pursuit of treasure the most wheresting aud valued husquero—perconal aud howseLoid rTelies—the larcs and peoawe of the bap'oss race whose very Dame as @ pation bas besa swallownd up iu the all abaorbing past—will be utterly earificed aud hopelessly lopt to all scientific porpones. I teviet, however, this will not be permitted, Swob am exbidiiion of Vandalism woald be 1b tbe highest degree Gisreputad'e to our Gharacier as ‘an intelligent and Christian people, The wecounts from Cainqui are of the most ineresting and remarkable character ‘Re epecimens of golden tuneges aud other husqucres now oa exhibition at Ball, Uieck & Co's, Boeaway, are, Lupderstead, traty wonder 1OL Those at the Freacy Dazsar, Ponda, aro still more wterenuing. My suention has been cated 10 these discoveries by various parhes, sud my oymion policed, I heve got tun lean} dont Laer are gouuice ome attempt w obereot them has been mde oo 16 ground shat gold ie nob cow fonnd on the Istomas or within ¢he terrioctal wits gopposed 10 embrace tae some of the poopls Woes GUaces,” OF Kraven, Are DOW boing deapoiied, Toto ya great mievare. 0 aodunds throughout the present Stale of New Grau ad bs anc eek Looe of thw face bave aburdant evitesve 6 Of the eather Spauwn bigeorans He: re: a say0:— In wis province (Graneda) tnere are gold mives that run in vee, where no wens have heen mutt, because they aro iD low grounds, WhIOd azo sky. god taken Gut of them te rwenty-one carats flue, Us is Wougds there arc iver mioea Here ars aiso the emerald mines, Which we wrougel by trenches of water with hittle toil Of the nairves. among toe emeralds are found some pieces of crystal-like diamonds as hard ae the emeralds, snd some o the érmeralda are found among cbaicedony stove,” &o. Auotber suthority mentions a lump of twenty five pounds found near Onoco ‘We coud quove from varions aathors showing the ex'a- tenve oF gold im the trope wt the Lime of the Opoquert, Dut deem it wunecesssry Alter ths lavasion of tne Spupierda the nauves closed up the mives, aud, afior a fow generations of mdoent case, tna very kaowodge of the precious treseure fade from rememorance. Voo decbadi mentions bow efctually the uadwes of Peru concealed al! knowledge of their mnives froa the Spagiards Avoxber point, concerning woich tquiry DAB diva wade; is it probable theee valuable “buacen”? extend be youd the Nimits of the district of Boqueron, Tn anaeer to this, it muy bo ated that for yoars Ihave deen iy poveesion of facts rhowing the exievence of simi jar cemeterves ip tne adjoining stave of Ecuador. In Cusuca (Eouscer) where bave been discovered inte. resting and yaluehie huacas Io Peru cbey are knows to exist in vast Dumbers, not withatanciag the caupidity of the tariy ¢xplurers, who ‘wavtonly desecrated every spot of Loman reft they could gain scceas ta. Recently a friend ‘at Woshiugton received from ao ancient Peruviaa tomb specimens of wabect of goid which was found encasing & Dumen frame. The rmollaize of the Auagueros recovered from Chi Fiqui IEduced Foms to suppose Lhat tha metal must Dave been scarce, and that latger ido would not probariy be found, ax the aborigines are supposed to have been ceatitute of the beliows and crucibie, and tnus incapaoie of fusivg large masecs Of metal. I have been asked whe- ther tbe natives of the tropics or of South America pos- serrea the menos of fusing mvtain oo a toleradly large reale, or whether they understood and practised metai- lurgy, except to a limites extent can, perhaps, batter avswer this by referring to tne eariier Spanish historians, who abound with notices of aborigiaal preficionoy io working wetals. Herrera frequently mentions the ingenuity of the na- tives im meteliurgic art, Gomarra refers to basing in a bath belonging to Ate- bulipa, “one of which weigned eight arrobas of goid, which makes two hundred weight Eoglish.”” At Qus, ‘an exiensive sepuichre of silver was dug up, #0 thick ard wasuive that it was worth fifty thonsand’ pieces of ehh”? & vessel of gold was found among other ruins weighing betercen 200 and 300 pounds. “Tue Indians,” s:a'ee the authority, “rake greater or lees of those, as occasion requirer, using them to Voil drink or liquor in” ‘As to tho inqviry how they made there, having no ‘vellows, wo will quote from Garouloga:—“Thoy malted it down in earthen of clay pots, which they carried from pisce to piace.” Tosteac of the vellows they used blow. pipes “made ofcopser, and about a yard long, the ends ef which were narrowed, that the breatn mignt pase more forcibly by means of the contraction, and a4 the tire was to be more OF less, so accordingly they used ten or twelve of these pipes ui once, as the quantity of motal dia require. ‘One of the ancounts of the Chiriqui discoveries which I bsve ceen epeake of the relics, or imazee, to use ® more conventional term, eg solid. ‘If this is correct, then are wey diferent from similar fabrications in Peru. Von Techadi way! ‘The goiden idols are always hollow.” The costom of buryicg with the dead articles of value, as uiso for eupporting lite beyoud the grave, was generally practised tkronghoat North aud South America, but pre- vatied, perbaps, to a greater extent in the tropics and tho Southern contioent. Objecta of adoration, pereonal orna- ‘oats, articles of domestic use, implements and weapons of war or the chase, wore placed beside the remains. The practice varied in different localities, but the general pria- ciple was the game. We find she mound builder of the Mise'eeipp! Vatiey supplying bis departed friend with all thet may benecessary to guard and gupport him in the land beyond the re:ting sun. We sco that the Masos, or, his ancestor in the tropics, practized almoet identical: same custom; and we know thst the race of the locas Siepored of their dead in nearly the same manner. The more fuxuriant nations of the Sonth far surpresed their brethren at the North. These vessels of golt held thelr fevorite chicha, (9 fer- mented beverege made from maize), while others less valuable, but brilllent!y painted aud elaborately emboaped, contained thelr guinaa, maize, &c. Hare the rude terra cotta oecupied the plane of the vesee's of gold and silver, ‘and implementa, ornaments and utensils of stone, bell, olay, &c., suppiled the uses of the less advanced artificas. But I must sad, some of these relics from the mounds are more woncerful, if intringicaily lees valued, than the Bugalita huaquerce. Some in my possession, made of porphyry, and recently taken from tumuii in the Ohio ey, far surpaee in point of exquisite finish and artistic worsmaship the auriferous deposits from Obiriqui. I will gend some to Mesers. Ball, Black & Co., aud solicit eomperizon. ‘i In concluding this hurried response to sevoral inq2! ries which bave resched me ip the midst of some ro- searches in the great mound fields of the West, I must add my eincere regret tha; something cannot be done to avert the calamity which threatens to deetroy some of the most interesting remains which our great sud extensive Ameri- can coutisont presents, covered, as they are, in all heir ing latitudes and longitudes, with vast aad mystei- monumental ruiok which stsgger the mind with the woncerfui enigma connecting them to the past. In thia enlightened age, although essentiliy utilitarian and gold seeking, thero must still be a scientific, a@ bumavitarian inficence, which wiil strive to preserve these most toteresting remains of ea extract people, and Secure for posterity mt leart some of the treasures of antiquity which the unlicensed thirst for gold threatens with ntter destruction. Poaterity will justly bold us to #trict accountability for any direiiction in this particular. The government of New Granada should interposs lis authority and caeck the destroying hand at work upon her ancient sspolchres. The rapacity of the mora guld bunter should be stayed, and carefal, thorough and syate matic research prosecuted under the eye of science, Our own government owes it to nclence to co operate in these investigations, to discontinue the marauding spirit which would destroy spy temple or tomd of antiquity if gold obtain @ full ecleatific report and to gecure abandant specimens of the recovered treasure to enrich some future American archmologisal museum Mounpsvitte, Va, August 12, 1859. W. DEH. tae Intas. OF Bank Note Forgertes. 70 THE KVITOR OF THE HERALD. New York, August 13, 1859. Almost every issue of the Heratp announces the appear ‘oe of & new counterfeit, or set of counterfeits. From timo to time, through the vigilance of our detectives, thousands and tens of thousands of what purport to be genuine dol- arsare seized and declared to be forgeries, and cleve, ones too; the utterer or holder of thom is occasionally punithed; but in no instence are the real forgers caught; seldom are they suspected. Ia our nation of buyers and sellers no one ig free from the inconvenience of a flood, ‘a Niogara of wortbleas paper; distrust is untversal; and in few instances can ove offer a bill, no matter how govd, without betog annoyed by the Investigation it is subjected to, and incoavenienced by the loss of time consequont on the overhauling of detectors, the interference of bystand. ers, and the natural timidity of the desler to take what even the best judges would have trouble to know whether it was a true bill or a false one, #0 accomplished has the forger becoms, so perfect are his iesues. Almost every trading man has @tory to tell of counterfoits; how many thousands this bask passed over its counters, ignorant 0 the loss they were sustaining; how such and such goxt ‘and experienced money changers wore takeo in, {rao and faiso reports become go mixed up thet ali contionce atanend, acd no losgerican we pay or recvivo a note withous a lurking fear thet we ure cheating or being cheated. Formerly forgers directed their offorta tothe production of counterfeits on Wettera and Southern banks; bat ox perience hes taught them that it pays better to work nearer home. The reputation that New York and the Rasiern States hela for # good proer currency caused doulers to be ieee careful in the paver belonging to those States than that of more disient or more newiy settied onrs, fhe State of New York pas certainly made pro vision for a good and carefal isaue of ciroulattog bank noes. Let us examine on page S61, vol, 5, evition 6, section 60, Revised Statutes Stare of New York We flad Yhat the Suparintendent ot the “Bank Dovarimont is an thorized and required to cause to be oagraved in the beat manner, to guard againe: counterfeiting, gach qusotiiy of ciroulating notes, in eimititude of bak notes in biauk of the different denominations,” &o , &. ; And ob page 558, sec. 184, vol 2, that “the pialor, dice and materin's to be procured by the Superinwatens for she printing and making of the ciroalating notes, shall remain in bis custody and uoder hig direouon,’’ &., &o That the rst named condition of the svatute ts eattrely overlooked every engraver of bank noter is fally Aware; aod that the second is negincted and every citizen aouid ve infor ned of. Jo uumirwakcabie ian,yuage provides for the the bank pixton, maioviale, of % note, seourity codsidered wecessary by tie Loytgiature avery banker Wattet the law NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, AUGUST 21, ecrasions! pore selon is onty beld of tho imorennet pater from which tbe notes are prin ed. wile heesgravers Per MINED 10 Keep possers.on uf (Le wugrevod ditn, Foil Bho every esreDLal parbut ihe usierial coorsaery by She making @F re oupiation of ina oavk moe plas Ib 1 bee at all the purpore to querLon wD:.cer or no% the DAU} Via rok este win tne cogeaver, Dus id ie tas ia dengan whe Sapsietendent to De toe gvarciay of abe war’ melerial, sud tne Looor, Wabegrity OF HOD! Pride OF Le MAKer OF Khe Dade HOO Bia PROUIG HOE be taxes for ibe proser gation at a great play tmterert no tong ax tere is a tafe. anplnr Gorey Te exte: sve power wa Of the mode of prevarmng 1 Derk votes The HekALD hae from tae WH Mine be bal od Proce Hy aacot dat Kiow tho dauge™ we the public revuiting from an mois: 2 se of Mex common to BI! purls OF the United Sar wot aaet oy DuDks, Wid cat inciuded Hx caanot bat be aware oF ‘he small proportion of ergoren comumitled agarart shoee inHitDL O18 baviog dies oF engravings Of #OIEn Wey have the #xclum 4 con aed wi bow oilynees and frauds ye iPeiusiogs = aaioh vee for thetr poten dies that are common to ali [kta now Abe Outy of tbe professton si engraver, for Nis owe crodils Bake, te wake KDOwn de fact Dat while Loe sup sriniad dept bse coetosy of the from walsh ine Davk vot Was pemled, yet the eograver buds tae wan puis, sae Tolls wed wil, aba «very part of the maverval witn which te WAKE eDOLDEr AIMUSE Lo Kas depoamed win the proper otlices for sare keeping, Li every Dank Qad we syeriet Vigheite, ans eoul” enjoy the privileg: nat che panbeber Of & Deck Bae, and enter it avcordiag W aos Of Dongrens tn the dintrict, &., Se, I migot prevens (raud should ned ther pian Buccced, the infwlibie ove suggested Dy Lae HekaLpof Friday, 12th, cowkd be resorwd W—e plau Which vo practical oograver woud fall to oudoree Tv conedunon. persour irrered ‘a \he penwot ayetem Dave ren wa frew wa eany way of acocouting Tor bow presepee of 40 many couotertora, fe ia, “inal the fox g e prevaced to Bogt Araport to thas eer ously cicumied. Bye taat gua, Wheo aw exiraordn ary demand for bone Low pin'es rendered the ‘engravers in this coautry iusutticiest, aod em Were desirous of ourta)ing tha pay of the artints engaged to their prepsrating, efforts were made wad com ties Our HENS OUt 1 Eogiand to ODIaID dies for Dank Hote purcoxer, Dut to every care wituoat success No, Amer) com Dapk Doe copraving i8 @ peculiar American art, aod BO matier Low talrped the Britian artist may 0, be re: quires education to thet pesuitar oransh Time ant study tm esrensial 1D obisiawE the peowiarity and she pronliar exoelence required Whoewer has to bear the blane of the forgeries now 80 frequent, employera or empioyad, they are not doue in Kogiand, VEMIEA3. Improvements la Guanery. THR NUMBER OF INVENTIONS ANNOUNCRD—MORB LBPROVEMENTS IN 8MaLL ARMS NEEDED —CilaRac- TEX OF THE ARMB KEQUIRMO—SUGGESTIONS FROM A CORRESPONDENT, ETO. TO TH® ROITOK OF THR HERALD, ‘The war that bust 80 sucdealy upoa the world three months ago, and, after Diazing with such horrible efful gence, weat into as abrapt and surprising extinction, bas paturaliy excited & liveiy interest and curiosity on this "ido of the water as op the otber in the various improve ments in warlike instruments and appliances, that a long peace bad ripened up out of milisary leisure and science, or we geoeral progress in the mechanic arts had elicitea from the invention and ingenuity of civil life. How this rzperimentum curcis bas been sustained by such of these new devices as have been submitied to it we can only know sccurately when we are supplied with authentic detaila, But, bow numeroue the announced improvements are— even there which have establisned at least an outside re- putation. Tho Paixnan gun, the Minis mfls,and ite nu merous congeners, iociading the Lancasier rifle, the Needle gon, the Tige musket, &e., &c.; the Columbiana ovnpon, the Armstroug gun, the rifled oauaon of some of the northern Eoropeau satious; that of Oavailo, tho 12 pounder fieid artillery of Napoison Iif., the aew Freaca Tifleo Geld gun, &o., &o. Withoat uwelung on those even that have sustained themseives asmirably during ‘ong and severe peace trials, And iwlensonaily re(rainwwg trom the mentiva of some o our own inventious of this nature that are of great pro- mine, let us inquire whst the more special object of f ther Improvements in sail fre arms ought w be 1 extraordinary saccens utiaived in extent of range and ac. curscy of ei xseure us that mvention is on the right ‘rack and may be expected, ere long, to reach tho ns pius Then, what next? Hero I venture twoor three biats on the plea of some experience in the fivld and in marches with solulers. The pene:ration needed in the small arm is, tha! it aball reach the seat of life im man at the greatest dis. tance at which lines or groups of cavalry or artillery shall be often enough airuek to justify the expenditure of am mounition upoa them. I consider thiw range to be as yet unceterm.ped, excepting that it muss be limited by w accurate vision of the unaided eye. The aim of the artil- Jevist pill ba carted, a gn hy poe "ol Torguetie or spygiage, but we can barly ant wf ‘Yention will supply such ads to the rifleman. cr When the range is determined approximately, tno ov. ject of improvement should be to reduce to the utmost Consistent with the above conditions the weight of tno missile, in order to reduce the woight of the arm iteelf. Considering woat has alreaty been achioved, it ts ouly reasonable W expect that the weight of the arm of the foot Geet riflemen theaceforth) may be leasoaed at Jeast one bail. Such « mitigation of the unavoidably heavy bur- then of the solcicr isa very great desiceraium, as any Old campaigner will promptly concede; and not less wii- Iingly will be grant the Fon consequent advan of giving a couble supply cartridges, so often deficient ‘and duflicult to supply in critical moments of ~ batile, aod making bis firearm a fencing instrament as biady as @ cut-acd thrust sword or @ cudgel, wheu it comes to per- sonal conflicis and payouet work. ‘A greater range ts admtited t2 beng to greater weight in the missile; but while we ought to strive to extend the oye oi at low angies to tho limit of clear vision and effective uge, we want 00 moro, and it be ® waste of ingenvity and power to labor afler a greater rango for this arm than belongs to that limit. As to penetration, even our suggested: small mis aile will, I think, require that for ammunition boxes and thin corrugated metal be aubstituted, im part, for a8 may be done with little or no augmentation of weignt; for although it may not have been demonstrated that the passage of jen bails will ignite the der of cartridges, it is probable that our artiliery and ordnance will reluctantly expose this indispensable foot of baule toa risk of thet nature, especially as friction ignitablez are so often preesnt in modern artillery aupplics. If it be objected that such smal! missiles will not so often kill, it may be augwered that this is a valid piea io their favor, on the ecore of humanity. Toe French phrase hors de combat expresses junt what is wanted in this re Apect, and ell that is wanted—ramely, to lesson the force of the array againet us. This cust be by killing, ovly whon we cannot frighten the enewy off, aud he will aot ‘be satisfied with wounds merely. Bat all old soldiers know that 99 men in every 100, if not glad of aa excuse for dropping out of fire, are sure to dois on getting evar g0 alight a wound. This lessentog the weight of the foot aoldier’s arm ix the firet improvement in unportauce to be accompiisaed by our ingenious ones, and it will be material and im- portant sccording to its degree. If pursued in tue right spirit [am sanguine as to & reduction of one half, But there is another improvement which, taough now 2 good deal advanced in this and other couniries, ts, as yet, barely ripe for the rough haudting of the common foldier; an improvemcat, though second te that above ia sited on, still of an importance juatifymg the most pa- tient investigation and persevering ingenuity—I mean the eppliciion to the arm of the common soldier of the not now be pressed in sBia application will help the achievement of the object urged shove, becaase voth aim aud range are likely to be improved by it bs- youd what ca be accomplished by muszie loading. Tne breach loading provlem is now, however, 60 on tirely @ matter of minuiw aud detail, that littie ad can be given towarde iss nolution, Deyoud insisting ou certaia ia- Lexible conditionz—namely, simplicity, sirengih aad du- rabutly. ‘The breeca loading gun muss be tucapable of being misonderstood, or misapplied, even by the mout atupid, It moat sustain unharmed the very hard usago of & clags character ivtically reckless and mal adroit, awd it mutt equally resist exposure to weather aad rough troat- ment during jong campaigas. ‘Up to this time, unless It prove otberwise with some inventiona wuder trial, ever so many contrivances of grost ingenuity have been foand to fail ehort, more or less, as to one or more of these indispeusavie requisites. Aad i ‘would seem that the greatest d fliculty i¢ ia getting over the difference betweea a weapon that is unovjestionabie a8 a gentleman’s rifle or sporting gun, remain serviceable in the nands of ¢ fle:d—I might almoss aay, one that become wholly urciess as 8 firearm in a few weeks. Some ai least of the difficulties lie in the nevessity of cloge fitting work, potwithstandiog the corrosive effocis of inflamed gunpowder, which 6000 cularges all openings, cr ite fouling effects, which oon stiffen and even atop Uke working of parte that shouid remain easily movable. In reterenoe to complication, to some extent { suppore unavoidable, we bave encouragement in the fast that the musket lock is 2 triumph over a difficulty as great, proba bly, ag awaits us here. And it wouid seem that somo of the pure metals or toeir alloys, might be 80 applied ws to Tesist Corrosion. Butit {¢ not my Gurpose to meddle with dotails, though I wil! here make the suggestion, that it will be a gress recommendation to any breech loading Pisce, that in case of injury to any of the parts peculiar to it op euch, it will atill remain, a8 regards iss emmunt tion and all its appliances, an effective mozale loading gun. Tf we judge from the past bere wad in Bogiand, if not in other countries, these and suck like improvemests will probably proceed from minds out of the military profes sion, becange from within, it is said, there have beea no efforia in thie Line, bot rather frowns aad sacere fur ail that bas been brooght forward by others. Bas this jeal- ousy, if Buch it be, will bave is uxefuiness neverthoiews; it will tore care that triats and tests fall short in no point of atrictucss and weverity, and this will greatly contribute to the adoption of a really good species af small arm. ‘The Dation canvot too ricoly reward the man who shall bring these imprevementa into condition for army adop- tion. And I advise my tquisitive countrymen w profit by the active interest taken in all military’ improvements by tne present pure aad patriotic Secretary of War, where aid may always be secured for objects likely to insure such great rewards. LE VIEUX MJUSQUBPAIRS. Naw Yorx, August 18, 1859. Tos Ono Line axp Trost Company.—The Prohate Court of Cincinnatt has, in compliance with » petition to that effect, just ingued an order requiring toe trustees of the Ohio Life and Trust Company “to flio a mventory of all tho sasete of said company, with a sche Gule of the creditora, and to convert all sald navets into money without any unneosssary doiay, and divide the fame equally among the creditera.”? fhe order has bras granted under a new assignment rot of Ohio, cad requirer that “the trustees should fi'6 a nopy of the agsignment, algo of tuo order constituting them trumteos, aud each give bond, within ten days, in the sam of $100 000, an? that within thirty days alter the giving of the bond they sval! file an inventory, as required by Lh new ags.”” THE MASCRESTéR OF AMERICA.' Dur Lowell Curves pandence. Lown, Mtawa , Auguet 13, 2359 ‘The “ity of Spindle” —the Te pagraphy of the Oly—the New Jout—Court Howe-Svam Pire Enyine-Lowell Manubacure, de, Le Kno ving well thas soy data or ioformation relating to the progrcas, growth god well newg of our manuals ring @'ssricte would be laleresting to the readers of tuo Hinsip, I thoogbt in parsing tarough tale bewatital /itube City, (he Mancbesior of Agerica,”’ toatl woul! devows a porten Of My Lime ID p oparing aseurate staaehos of Sa growth of tee chy, and amo of ite manufsctures, as ib wt) be re. ed that this tittle city of forty taoasaud iabs o\tunts vapplies three-fourths of the atagle dry goods ub. ip the United Staten ‘Tho est topographical view of Lawell is obtained from Dracut Beights, just across the Morrimas river, aod di- Teetly Opposite toe city, After reaching the sumim't of the hill, she oveerver bas b-fore him # full view of tos sity. The first thing that attracts the eye, sad peeriag far above the dwelling houses, are numerous gigeuts brick buildings, from six weight stories in avight, ago measuring Wree hundred feet ia length by seveuty ive feet 1m Oreadib—these are the factories. Taey are opa ou all sides, thus alfordiog good light wad the most anex ceptionabie means for ven jiation, so wecessary for the cemeral bvalth of the factory operatives. The mext thing that attracts the ooserver’s atieatioa, as he edjoys os Vure’s pancrams of tho city, is iis Deanty aud yicta reequenese, ailorded by the thousands of trees in tow streets, FO attractive to the eye and oevessary fur ta oruamentation of a city. The streets themsly run ab rigbt angles, and are wide, well paved with Swalgamution of the Belgian and cobbie Boas pavemsuts They are kept quite clean, and at vignt are well lighted by gas. Like wost of our progres:ive Amorican cities, Loweli can claim her pe rata of cburcoes, banka, puis Durdinge wod charitabie iagiusat oonides naviog of tbe largest aod beet public haw (Huutiogien Hell) in he Bay state. It 18 capavic of seauinx tuiriy dve bhuudre) Persons with exse. As for its manufactured of stapie dry goods, it excels every place in the Usiou, av will be shown Mmepotber part of thie lever. The Cy cemetery, on the outakirts of the city, claims some attention frow the Deawess And tasto aispiayed 10 ite arrapgement, acd for the ertisiic execution aad cosd Bets of the monuments crested w tbe memory o de. parted friewds Besides the things enumerated, the corporate suthori ties Dave dispisyes good jucgment in apoortiouiog for the public benefit two large perks in different paris of the city, where the people can promenade ad litvum These parks are known respestively as the Nortn aad South wons. Once a week, during the summer moovtbs, the promenade is made more laviting by we presence in these places of n good brass band (411 Ton. trai Park, New York), whose strains cheer up the old apd young, the grave aud gay, acd whicn esviste in u great measure to Gestroy the monotony of a factory life ‘The new ja:!, dished aboutone year ago, i situated on an emwence, near the South Common, It is ‘built of New Hampebire grepite stooe, aud ie perbaps one of the most substantial pulldings in this part of the country. Adjoiping it wre two wings, built of brick, ove of which is ured asa residence for the jailor and depaties, 4b tbe Otber partasa female pricoa § lyis balt in wae Frevch style of architecture, with two steeples, and bas a eburch ike appearance, Tne facade is unique and adas greatly to the beauty of the pile. The man prison for Tale prisoners is particularly noticeabio for its noatoss, spaciousness na substaptiaity. Tho ayetem of ventila tion is of the moet approved character, nnd the entire based lighted from large windows on all sides. I; coat $160, 00 0, ‘The pew Court House, too, deserves more than a piss- ipg notice, This hes alko a churca like appearance, nuilt in the Gethic ety ie, of brick, and coated with mastic, no an to reprerent brown store. Its apartments are spacious, afford ‘plo room for the law business of the county, Ix stands in a neat little park, which is enclosed by aa or. Damental trop rating It cost $90,000, Bote! accommodations in this city are poor—very poor. There are evoogh of them if they were ouly kept pro perly, or had some attractions to entertain tneir guests. ‘They are old faebioned edifices, and eutirciy devoid of architectural beautw. There fs room here for a large hotel, provided it im built in good style, so as to attract tho patronage of the thousaads ot touriste who aanual!y pass through this city from Oanade aod the North. There are three daily papers published here, and one very spicy weekly (tbe Vox Poputi), all of which have « good local and ezanty circalation. The steel fire alarm bell which was on trielin the New York Post Office beifry afew months since has found its ‘way to this city, and will ima few weoks be pisced in & permanent location on one of the city beil towers. ‘Among other improvements of the day, the Lowellites Dave introduced a new steam fire engine into the fire de partment. It was built at Seneca Falls, N. Y., ata cost of $8,600. Itresched here last Thursday afternoon, and ‘was tried to day and performed satisfactorily. It will be ready for activetervice in a few days. Lowell, being an inland town, is of course deprived of the advanteges and pleasures of steam navigation enjoyed Dy New Yorkers, bus the deprivation is compensated for in & great measure by other means for recreation and pleasure, Oue of these places is called Willow Dale, about four from the sity, which is reached by a good road, and junt far enough distant from here for a pleasant ride. ‘The Dale is noted for ka lofty trees, thick foliage, and ite natural attractions, besides receiving many adaitions and improvements from the artifice of man, #0 as to render it attractive to people of all tastes. Contiguous to it is one oftbe largest ponds or miniature lakes in the Stale; ity clear white water and peboly bottom make it « delightful piace for bathing; and those of a piscatory tura of mind will find @ prolific place for their favorite amusement ; and to those who enjoy boating or sailing, they will fnd a good supply of boats of every description. Tne spot only lacks 8 g000 hotel and one ofoar New York hosta. The manufactures are carried on by twelve corporations or companies, viz: The Merrimac, Hamiiton, Appleton, Lowell, Middlesex, Saffolk, Tremont, Lawrence, Loweli bl ' i. aeetta, besides the Lowell ma chine shop. In this department $13,900,000 capital is em- ployed in the mavufacture of calico prints, shectings, ahirtings, flaonele, ticks, oeneburgs, carpeting, shawis, doeakins, broadcloths, drillings, &c.” The factories num: Der fifty two, of the gizantic dimensions already named. The number of female operatives employed is about 9,000, and the males about 6,000. Number of spindles used,’ 396,064; number of looms, 12.135; producing 2,594 yuan of cotvon cloth,40,000 woollen, 25,000 carpeting, and Tugs, per week. Cotton consumed per week, 810,000 pounds; wool consumed per week, 91,000; yards of print- ed and dyed cloths, 470,000 yards. There are also 29 800 tone Of antharecite coal used por anpum, 31,950 busuels of charcoal, 1,360 cords of wood, 62,117 gations of ou, 1,659,000 pounds of starch, 1,245 ‘barrels of flour. The mitln are worked by steam. Average wages of females clear of board, per week..$2.00 Average wages of msier clear of board, per day. 80 Mediuin produse of « loom, No. 14 yarn, yds per dey 45 Medium produce of a loom, No. 0 yarn, yds per day, $3 Average per spindle, yards per day...... 1s ‘Toe Middlesex Company make use annually of 2,000,000 teasels, 2,000,000 Ibs. fine wool, 50,000 Ibs. glue, $30,000 worth of dyo stuffs, and $13,000 worth of soap. In addition to the above, the Merrimac Manufacturing Company vse 1,060,000 Ibs, madder, 380,000 do copperaa, 60,000 do. alum, 60,000 do, sumac, 40,000 do, soap, 45,600 do. mdigo, per annum, ‘The Lowell Bleachery use 40,000 Ibs indigo, and $30,000 worth of other dyeing maveriaig per yenr. Other manufactures are produced in the city than thoze specified above, of a value of $1,500 000, employing a capi- tal_of $400,000, and about 1,600 hands, ‘There are «x banke—the Lowel!, capital $200,000; the Ratiroad, capital £600,000; the Appleton, eapita', $200,000; the Prescott, capital, $200,000; the ‘Wamestt, capital, $160,000; the Mer hents’, cavitat $160,000 The population of Lowell ic 1824 was 3,532; in 1840 it wns 96; in 1860 {t was 33,885. Tncrenso in ton years, 12,589, Populetion of Lowell in 1855.......... ooeee BTB53, ‘Toe Lowell Machine Shop, included among the above mills, can furnish macbinery complete for a mill of 6,000 spindles in three months. ‘The severai manufacturing companies have established & hogpital for the convenience and comfort of the persour employed by them respectively, when sick, which is under the auperintendence of one of the best surgeons and phy- sicians, Savince Ixstirvrtoxs —The Lowell bed on deposit, No- vember 2, 1867, from 5,068 depositors, $1,079,223 66. The City, Ootober 10, 1857, had ou deposit, from 4,490 1,247,467 18. The operatives in the mills are ponitors in the above banks. o Cent Savinge Bank” went int operation in Juno, 1854, and on the 26¢b of Decom der, 1857, tao amount ite was $252,490 98, from 2,447 depositors, coosiderable amount of private manufacturi.g snica! enterprise on the Concord river, which which will probably be materially incroaxed tho current year—the enter power and lands heretofore owned and occspicd by O. M. Whippie, Req ,in the manufacture of powder, baving been recently divided up and avld to» large number of purcbagers. A reservoir of great capacity has been built on the high ground in Belvidere, east of the.city, for the purpose of furniching a rcady aupply of water to any part of tae city tn cases of fire. The wator is conveyed into the reasrvoir by force pumpe from the Loweli Machine Shop. Pipes are jad from the reservoir to various parta of the city, at which powts hese can pe attached to the bydranis withous delay when necessary, Besides the featuree above enumerated, there are new avenueg of mechanics! enterprise opening in this city, Among “hese may be montioned the Muzzy Rifle Barrel and Arm Manufacturing Company. They now occupy ae- veral Jarge stene buildings in their new ev‘erprise, illled #ith the most approved machinery for manufacturing all kinds of arms. At present they are engaged in filiug a contract with the United Staton government, in furnishing a supply of Colonel Moreo’s ‘broach ioadiog carbines for the use af the army. This arm has not boen noticed much in the pabiic priot; but, suffice it to say, they are of auch ® simple, serviceable, and utile character, as to make them very desirable in this age of improved fire- arms. This company ate also engaged in fulfliling a con- tract with onr government for a supply of Licutoant £. J, Starr's improved revolvers for the army and naval ser- vice, Ali these contracts were mado by tho Secratary of War, who has signalized bimaelf in introducing the most spproved arms into our service. In addition to these con- tracts, thie company turn out daily large numbers of rifle barrels, furnished to order, and sent to various paria of the United States. ‘The National Intelligencer publishes a wtatement, col- lected from authentic data, exhibiting all the disasters that bave happsned to our naval marine from the year; 1768 to 1859. Of these, one frigate, seven sioops, eix brigs, tuir- teen schooners, One small steamer, ove gunboat ani oue Pilot boat, In all thirty vessel, nave been lost; three fri- gates, four sloops, aix brigs, nine schooners, in all tweuty- two versels, captured; four ships burnt at Washingtos, prevent their falling into the hands @& tho enemy; ¢ ahips, one steamship and one schooner have been a: dentally burned; one steamship, one #choonsr and one hvlic¢dlown up—making iu ali sixty-three disastere of ‘various kinds, 1859. Pr dings of the american Surmeat lomoot Amevene chon | OU TRENTON OOKMESPONDENCE. | franvoy, N. J, Angus} This athociation origtnsied it a convention of vf Normal eh. 90,1885. An field Masm im 866, a8 Aloany vo ip 1868, ab the inet of whic: Favized by adopting a cone! for ite fatore permavence ana’ efnency, [te imp reane: may be tot rred from the fact toak the moat proutoont find active educators i this dicuae one a) ite meetingr meeting are Boa George 8 revary of Ub Hoard of Bducarion f eR LL. D; Hon. Benty Barosrd, Cnauceilor of uverei ty of Pisconnio; Rev EO. Wines, President of the iit Univerrity of St Loum; Profeesor Hart, of Philatojadia$ Dr. 5.N. MeJilton, of Baltimore F. A S.wyer, Saperin- lendent of Schools, Charieston, 8 C-; Proferwor a. Orosoy, | Ls 4 i veld ia ide oity of mo. toge nave try are engaged in’ tne Among those progont at 1's Boatwol, Saerso0 aor Con N. Byriow, inal School, #remvosgtuaen Mata ; Professor 0. N. Caruy, Prigcipsi Normat $on001 New Britain, Conn ; Proisor Wa F Po Principal Of Normal so0001, freuwu,N J, 0. E. Hove) 0! State Yormal University, Lituos; How. Ane" Com misioner of Schools for Unie; D' P. waynew, of dicni, gap; Riebard Gdwards,or St Lous, BG Northred, of Masuacburetta, Gev @ K. Olver, of Law uce, Mans; Jobo Ogdeo, of Cinciacai, Mr. Colouro, of tu0ce Ilana apo many ober educators, ‘Twenty yeare ago the drat Normal School was eataotieh- | 0 ip America. tn Maseashuneets Now tnere are anout twenty five of these #c00.8 for the traim'ng of wacaers ia this couatry Prof, Wm. F Phelps, the President of tae Awsosiation, called tre Convention to order wt tl o'clock A ML, 00 | Weonesisy, kod delivered sn widress setimg forth the onjects of the mecting de eaia:—"{t wa palpynie truth that we need a better system of public sonovix aad more efictent trachers; thas for @ huadres years w jovked to academies mud colleges for betvar teas! y they fail to eupoly the waar, Cuis Doaventiza ts ca led for We purpo'e of popalariziag aad improving toe aermal schools, woich have Deon estanusued Wo supply tae de menue for better teachers.’ ‘The first pasor read was by Prof, A. Crosby, on the “Proper Sphere aud Work of Normal Schoos”’’ He ox plained the eagential differeace Detwoen vor a4! ano otaer Schools to be that the Intier teuch the branches of etu0a Yon, whiie the normal ecnool i® professions. sumiag to teach tbe art of tranhing. Also, how bus norwal souoi8 of america aiffer from those of guro0e = ln wns souulry the pupils come from ail viaxaes of sorely; ta Prasa’s wae Popits come from (be lower # Of novlery, aud DeCOme Bpprenticee tothe goveremeant, aod whee “huy graduate tbe government fursines them employment in otter schvo's, He urged that toe priucipies of edusauon, aud how education eboaid be conducted, ougut tw 4 tan caiot audjects of study ip all normal echoo's; thay we ahouid teach principles firs}, and toea the metnots of appiying those principles. The greatest difllouiy iv giving in Btraction iies in teachiog the siemuuw of we various branches of schuol education Cost uormal schools may be more efficiwat a4 professions! 62 elevation of the stendard of admi:#ion lu taes) ‘was urged. Gyo B Exerson thought we should pot look to Karope for the means of imsroving our Normal schouis; toxt we already hac those here which are far abovs auy toa, 20 paw the: in the Gymouria of Germany 63 witarssed superior specitnens of teaching Prof, Hast claimed that a Normal school is not only festional, bat it ie un ike apy otner professions! #xbo0i, to that it teaches its pupils how to taaca, aud anrein over shadows al others. It begins wita the alphabet aad pro ceeus through all departmeuts of teacaing Me. Ewgrson gaid-—Vomau {8 she God-prapared teacaer of chiluren. A geatieman was neat vy (hs government of Sweden to the United Svates to wee if from our tysiens of education apything couid be fearned to ensnie them w educare the poorer classes reeiaing in their mouctavous districts, That geotieman visited esn008 in this corg.Fy, and after witnessing the emtaent success of oar feasie teachers, remarked, ‘1 am paid for crossing tha Atiaa¥ec, for I pave found the recret for which { caw; wo must employ female tescbers, then the lower classes of the mountainous districts can be educated.” ‘The subject of teaching in Noraial schools was ably diecussed. Some urged that it should be coutued to how to teach, others that {a teacning the giuiier of scaool how to tsaco them would be best learned. In advocating thie last maibod (ea. Onver cited the example of tbe cade ut Wost Point, who aro 80 weil taaght the praciice of military tactics in connection with th» theory, toas they are apie to step from the rank of privates and dirsst tbe mor. mente of the regiment with the emivon’ «kill aad ali of ap experienced commander. This 18 wha! we wact to accomplish in our Normal sobovi8—to Ut weachers 19 40 into our cornmen Bchoo!s abd coaduct them euccemfaliy. Profeesor C. E Hovey, read « paper on moiei and ex- perimental echoolt. The odjec s of theee schovis aro to furnieb Doth a model of a fire clers ecnool aad a place where the Normal puplis bail pat in practise the beat theo- ries of tenchiog, under the supervision of experienced ip Giscursing this eubject the princ'pals of the various Normal schools were cuied upon in succession to roport upon the condition of their reepeciive ssnools From trese reports we learned that io the State of Rhode Isiaod, and also at the Weatfleld Normal Schooi of Massechusects, they Bi ‘no model scooo! coavected with them Two torories Prevail on this subject—ove, that the mote\ a:noal ia Dest, (ne cther, that just as govd teacoers are made without this appendage to the Normal schoo’. Bat those wa a4. ‘Vocste thig last theory eupply toe absence of ths model ‘schoo! by requiring the teachers to drill classes comp2ged of their own bumpers. Last evening Hon. Gronce 8. Bovrwstt, of Mavwa chusetts, deiivered an adaresa betore the Conyea tion, in which he said tnat the experience of twenty years in his State established the superiority of Nor mal trained teachors over those who obiwioed tovir education entirely at other instiiuvons. They have five Norma! schools in that Siate, one of whinn nas bon jm operation for twenty years, and is now located at Framirgbam; the ovzers are respectively located a! Bos ton, Westfleld, Bi ter and Sslom. The great work of the Normal school must. be t) fit ceacners for teaching the elementa of the stadies pormet, and if they fail ia this they utterly fail io their mission Gov. Boutwell believed the State Reform school, the building of whcih bas recently been consumed by fire, to bea magnificent failure, beoaure no thorough reforma tion cap result from the assembling of so many children in one institution, where the personal iaflusace of the priucipal oa the individual pupi's mast uecessarily be very limited. A Normal gchool should never be so large taal, the principal of it cannot ksow the persooat tratts and ia- ‘Vellectual wants and capacity of every pupil: eave there is an advantage in having several Normal schoois ia the same State, hpsetta has made provisiou for edu. cating forty-eight ft be men mM coilaxes at tne oxvcnse of the State, for Ppurpess of tying 10 procuce a few teachers of the highest order. Onsly nine have tous ereduated, and no! one of them could be induced to take & course of profeesionsl training tu the Noraal echool Before the assembliag o{ tue Coaveation oo Thursday morning the members visited the bsitle grounds around this city, under the escort of . 0, Havens, Esq., who gave minute descriptions of the resnes of those dark days of our Revolutien, in December, 1776, and January,1777, and the triumph of Washington, During the mornivg session en important paver was read by Professor Jota Ogden, of Ciaciouati, eudearoriog to nbow to what extent the ert of texchiog Cun de tanga’ im the Normal school, and what ia the best mechod of doing it, Good teachers can be made by studying the acieucg of education and art of teaching, together wita practice. Protessor Ogden’s paper was followed by one from Pro- foxsor Edwards, of St. Louis. on toc course of stady beet suited to the objecis of Americsn Normal schools, | These be arranged under the following hesds:—First, haman physiology, and the laws of health; second, physical framing ; third, a carefat und critical review of the branches that have been studied; fourth, tha sciouce and art of teaching; fifth, a critical and thorough study of tas English languuge. Most of the afternoon fession was spent {a catechetical excrcites, in which the different members arked quesiious ‘on various subjects pertaining to che practical details of the management of Normal scholars Dariag this exer cise many importan! and interesting facts were drawn out. The eubject of moral and religious trainiog was eloquently digoursed by Messrs. Emerson, Ogden, aad others, ‘At the opening of the evening session the Hou. Haxer Barnanp delivered an addresa, giving an account of the educational syaiem of Wisconsin, He said toxt State bax a school fuud of $4.000,000, besides & university fund of $852,000, and a Normai instruction fund of $20,000. ‘This interesting addrets was followed by the atoption of the following resolutions, ag resulte of the de.ideration of this aesociation: Resolved, That the work of the Normat school fs peca- liar tu ite character, and that thie work caunol be per- formed by other institutious of learaing, bowever high sbeir rank or great their excellence. Rerolved, That the claims of the Normal schoo! to sup- port and influence res: vpon this peculiarity, and not upou any depreciation of other institutions withia their apnro. priate spheres; and that tne Normal school canaot properly come into competition with apy othor inetitution Resolved, fhat the onject of the Norma! School is strictly professional, viz: the direct preparatioa of teash ore for their grest work; and that It ciaims as appropt to {teoif all those exercises, theoretical an1 practica', only those, which are requisite for this preparation. Resolved, Toat the special work of tae Normal school fs so great that » fust eoocomy and prover division of labor require that it sbovld perform as htt- tie work as possidie tasi can be rightly performed by other instiutions; and that it is, therefore, exceedingly that pugiis should pot be received ntl they have attained arch ma- turity cf mind an’ amount of knowledge that they cad at once enter proftab'y upoa the proper professioua! courss of the echool. etoives, That while the lahors of the Normal! school efiy directed for the present to tne rigat pre- paral inmon sshool teachers, it ought not to omit from its plan the professional education of teachers of ay grace; aud that it is important that it should extead aud elevate, as rapidly as the condition and demands of the community will permit, ite efforts and influ Reewived, That education, as based upon the netura of man aod having Oxed principies, is truly aod eminently & acience; that, as having appropriate metuods for eecuriog | noble ende, it is no lees truly and ominentiy aa art; sod thas ths science and art can bo taught aad iearned n0 lesa directiy and efficientiy than the otner sclences and atts; ‘and that, therefore, the direct profsemiooal eduvatioa of teachers is a8 sppropriate, and certainly as {mportant, as thet of the mombors of other professions. Resolved, That this education of teachers should not only bo theoretic’, but also prectical, and that, to this end, there should 'vither de a schoot of observa ion aad practice tn immediate connection with the Nuria school, and under tho game Board of Control, or that chore ghould bo io other ways equivalent opportunities for observation and practice. Resolved, That all ednoaters, ezpectally in the Normal rohool, should practically, 00 less thea ia theory, regard educacion ss applying to the whole natare and conaiitutoa of man—body, mind and heart; and thas they should espe cially recoguie? re pre Omivent importauce of moral aad Folie ious eduestton. Resolutions expressive of the constderstion enterteined by the Uonyention for the late Hou, Horace Maaa, aad ther porrow at bis deveare, wore offered, and followed WD sequent and soueDing UridUlee 19 Bis dabor acd The ssbocsa! Oa acjoorned so mens pex’ at Wodvoo Wieeeps Lele mornikg be mMeMNeES OF koe Convention prasee to Princeton, ov a:cay ance of wn in- haben of the Hon, RS Kieid to viatt the ednoabooat Ho) WON end bathe groupis of kNAL piace AD Parlave of Bet new pital ten. bis has ove ene nt the moet imeoniant apd prvctios CdurAKOuST con weNTOUe Khel bas agcembied tm iis cone try RDO we (rast greal oor (oO Ibis novi causa may #7 0# ont of te, The Presidootiat Question tovements of ne MepMbiieon maLewe CARUULAR OF THE REPO KLAN SATIONAG COM> i ps MeUrsie he Civeinnati © mm-rcral nag the foilo jeapare! data sito, Aogure aring Aigmaicd, Poe Repnolicnn Vawom Comvoitter, ay ine mostiug Tecevby eld tm BhIF City, jewoed Me follimtny Crcalar w their repub! cae friends througboss (be Uviows— In the Judgment of the voaeesigned mecanert of the Repudhioan Nevo@alComanties ‘he be Rus arrived [or corrultat on abd yrelimioary kOvOD Lo regard LO the 49 pioaching struggle tor the Pread-onv. and tory baz, therecore, to Cail Your witenbon ‘oO he suygesiiogs wien fovow The repaniicrs party had tte origin 1 the ovvioaa necessity for reeietanon to tbe weerrrrians of the save Power, med majotaiowg for the Siale® res eckvely whevr Teter Ved rigbis sho woveregnues Ip (be cootess of 1555, by tbe preeenration and advoowy Of toe true Foience of goveIn@eny, it lata ine: foundauon of w per ae point Cs! organ zatnn, sithough it did not ga: porsession of tag power tovcforce ite yrineipiee, Woeo tov reeat, saveraa to veel te acd 18 bole, was dec ered, ib uusMogeay acquieerd. giving to tne victor, for thy aaks of the coua- try, te best wiené® tor en gone! aod fair admidinr ion of tbe government, how tar mr, vachsnan’e adminis:ration has -ealzed there winbes is BOW psisut to the world WHR iho exscuthve power of the goveru@ect ia ois haada, bis AdWiwieteation Ras faved 1a every reBoH it to mec! Gio exp: Ctmilous OF the prook, ano Dee prawnued the most na- Avagsooe, i mbecilny, broken fata, So agparcns we this, evou 1 a: th ey cal ed Cemacraie wRaDteaHon, Aivclivine aod varky thieity , it cted, without aDy recngntz:d Noo by te F ad sag cies Of Ita leading partwupe, While the sdainisteation has deen thug 1 jean to tbe interent+ of country, bee tas di) BADized Whe party woicb viaocd ittn po ver, the r-padlissn party bas been courtanly mindtui of the great puolic Lecersity which catied it 1ato existence, aod faj.tfai to iho JUDOAMeEDts! principle UPON WDICD IL Was erected Expo Thence bas Oly Served to etrepginen ‘be Cvavic:ion of 18 Sbeoute neceteity, in the reformation of the watooal goverDMeDt, and of the wisdom «n2 justice of its pur- ponrs avd sim: A though some of the exciting incidents of the Jon Of 1866 have been pertially dieposed of by toe energy, ea- Terprige Gbd Valor OF a Pee people, t @ duty of repubii Curt Lo adbere Wo their principles, ax eouccrated at Pails. Ge'phia, snd \o labor for their est: bukoment, wa pever more prev bg (ban at We Dowent Che atd use of the Hiave ower I peraistentiy inBo'ent aac ageressive, It Cemebus of the county much more thxb it as demronort hirber.o, It ts aot content *1th the ab-o. ute Contrul of tbo bation! government, Bot coorent win cn» dispeDaatioa of the bowers ang ewolagieots of the neiisax! admioib-asio Lot content Wub ite well KLO*D latlucnsomml@ayn parnl crova over the !egisixjos ai the nationst capttal—bat tt Ge cance fresh concessions trom a free peools for the gar. pore of eXVné ing ARd MtrenetueDiog an iwatiiution loos! In ite ebsrscier, the Cresture of Sta'y iegisiation, # the federel government i@ Dot suthorzea coesqabien of extend Dy ADY grant of dalegsted powers, It demands by an un- Svibor zed sseumpt.on of power—alter having, as occa- sion required, adopted and repuctsted ali the croce ieories for (he extension of siavery, of the smbstous PO iciok Who KOUghE 1A favor—tns establishment nod protection of siavery in the terrritories by act of Oungress, and the revival of the Africsa siave trade, Upon bo orgavization except ibs. of the republican party can the couniry rely for entoesstui rormtance to theese mcustroue propositions, apd for the eorrecson of Uke gore anuses Which bave charanwerzed the present bationa: adm'nietrstion. It is toe daty then of atl patrious raen, who wrb for the estan ihaens of repunlizan prin- ciples dod measures in the admimietration of the catioast gove ment, to aid in parfestiog aud ercugtheatug shie or- RaDization for the conning struggle — here is aed «© be Orne, WvOlving erroeet Inbor apd the expondiiure of time rid money, there snould ne:— First a thorongh understandog aod interchange of reptimenis aod views between the republicans of every rection of the couvtry Second. Ap effective organization of the republican yolars of each Siate, county od tewo, 80 tnasocr party way fm arrength and 18 detowacias, 6 power aud ceeds, hefore we engage in the Presidentiat atraezie. Third The civguistim of well coneitered documenta, miking clear tffe position of tha repub! can party, sat exposing the dangerone character of the princtgles and policy of the admia:stration, Fourth. Public addresses in localities where they aro desired and needed, dy aole champions of the republican came. Fifth, A large and general increase of the circulation of republican journe's thraugbout the country. To give practical effect to thone gi an ade. qvate amount of money wil! be required. for tha legal and fanbfol expenditare of which the undersigned will boid themeelvce reapoomibie, Tne vast putronage of the feda- ral government will be wicided agsingt us, io which wo can Oppore nothing Dut earvest and efficient devotion to tne republican cause and the voluntary pecuniary oder- 8 of our repudiican friends, fn conclumon, tne undersigned may be permitted to express their opinion that the rigns of the times are nuepicious for the repubiican party, and that im their judgment discreet aod pate otic action throughout the Uonfederacy promises to secure a repablican vicwory in 1860, Unwiiling, however, to exeourage Gopes which may be disapoointed, and to piace thew appeat for nid and co- operation vpoo the arsurance of success in the contest ‘Det is approaching. the usdersignes are coaetenined 10 tay that they rely mort copfloenily 1: whe pateistem and zeai of their republican brethren for such aid and oo- operation Mean whbi'e, we have the honor to be very re apootfully, your obedi: nt rervants, ban 26 Morgan, N. Y. ’N. Schoolfeid, Teor. Wa M Chase, i.1. Tnomes Spooner, Ohio. ju. pants Me” Noraan 8, Judd, itl, e0. N jamee ' Gooarich, Mass, Zach Candler, Mich, And. J Sveneus, lows, Jno. N. Tweedy, Wis. Cornetins Cole, Hale. MF. Coaway, Kansas. Lewia Clepoane, D. C. ) Ve. Gideon Wells, Conn. JN Sherman, N. J. Thos Withams, Pa. E D. Wiliams, Del. Geo. Harris, a. Ava 8. Jones, Mo Alfred Caldwell, Vs, Alex. Rameay, Minn. Cagsios 4. Clay, Ky. Republican National Committee. Personal Inielitgence. Americans regietered ut the Banking villce of Lansing, Balowin & \o., No 8 Place de ia Bourse, Paris, from July 28 10 Avguet 4 1860:—A. D Serologo, J. G. Gregory, A. A. Stone aod famiiy, Mra. Jas Meineil, R. Doogias wile, C. M Jenking, f.’H. Mosd, H Winkley, B.0 Koch, ers. E P. Prinuce, W. P Prinuce, Jona B Waid and wife, Agnes Walsh, A. A. Walsh, Dr. W a. Townsend, Jno. Young and daughter, W. 8’ Gules, C P.-Craack and family, ©. A Waldron, New York; J 4. Lawman, Pa ; Dr, t. F. Guion, La ; T. 4. Batoa, Jr., Mien’; G. +O. EB Gregory, ¥.3.; Dr. GA. Pierce aad ; A. Q Holiaday, Va.; W.E Johnstoa, Onio; G A. Clare, Mesa. Pelatiah Perit, leading merchant in New York. has leaeeo for a teri years the residense of the family of the late Samue! E, Foot, on Wautney avenue, New en. Hon. P. Herbert, formerly member of Congress from Caltrornia, und #do becatue somewhat noted ip Wasbiog- fon tn cousequence of tis part ne took In an affair at one of the bots is in that city, which regaited in the death of a waiter, bas become the edivor of & paper ip Arizoua, A Yankee ecboolmaster, named Comsiosk, tuened a drove of cattle into tue cornfield of a farmer ta Dubnque, Tows, 6d during tbe confusion which this act created in. the facily run away wiih the (armer’s aaughter and married her. For. Alfred Conkling, formarly Uaitod States District Judge for the Northern district of New York, and ex. Mivister to Mexioo, has taken up his residence in Owaha City, Nebraska. Biesep Davis, of South Carolina, bas become «!most totally blind. Hie genera! heaith ia, however, guod, aai his vigorous mentai fesuisies unimpaired. ‘M. de Bieeki, ® gentleman who insuited the Prussian Minister at the table d’Adre of ths Karnaus, bas been con- demned to tweive ‘ays’ imprisonment, and to aaisoneat feo tne kingdom of Bavaria at the oxpirasion of that pe- ried. Sir E. Bulwer Lytton is said to be much improved in heaitn. The Count and Countess de Bondy have arrived at ihe Clarendon, London, from Paria, ‘Tbe Count and Countess Schouvaloff have arrived at tho Clarendon from Paris. Among the members of the Paris Jockey Club who made the campa’ga of Liaty, the following have pow returned. — Connt d’Andian, chef d’escadron, Colonel Baron Berek- hemm, Marquis de Cadore, Baron Nicolas Clary, General Fieury, Lieutenant Colonel Viscount Foy (Max; vain Vivcount Friant, Prince de la Moakows, Ma-qa's de Toion- gron, Count frei!!, Colonel of the eta‘, and le Gealia ‘Waobders, whore brother died of his wounds, ‘The Prince Regent of Prussia arrived at Deutz on Monday morning, Avguetl, on bis way tofme, Ho was sco. paied by the Prince ot Hobepzoliern, and pected in re- view in the plain of Mulheim the troops composing the garrieon of Cologne. At midday the Prince proceeded ‘on his jourvey. The Grand Duke of Tuscany left Prague on the 29th ult, for Dresden. Aii-Khan, Ambagea¢or from Persia to Paris smd Lon- don, hss arrived in Paris wita twenty-five young mon, Wd Lave come to France to be edussted, ‘ The Rugsian Admiral Ietomin bas taken up his quarters | atte Star and Garter Howl, Portwmoutn, and hwaite the arrival of bis imperial Highaeas the Grand Duke Constan- Line, now en route 10 Osborne, on @ viait tothe Queen of England. Count Stongonoff bas taken a residence at Isle of Wight, for a short time, and his Deneaan Manse te rr avchor off Ryde. Prince Trouboutzky arrived a} Binatead on the 27th ult., on @ vinit to the Couat, The Count and Countess de Morny have been for some days at toe faehionabla watering piace of Trouville. Msrsbalsde MoMahon and Niel bave arrived in Paris wm Italy. Mme. Bepivasee, widow of the General of that namo killed tn Italy, bas written to the commander of tho So- cond Zouaver to have her infant son received as enfant de troupe in that regiment, Ttis thoughs, says the Paris Bnér’ Acte, that notwith- shauoing M_ Roger's dreadfut accideut, the Pangian pudlic May DOL be altogether deprived of bix services Oo the stage, partieviarly a8 be % present only foriy-four years ot age. He has pot 6 whole of his ara, as the a@pi'a~ von was eitceted below the elbow; aud is ie raid thas Hf. Charriere, the well known sureics) iasirumens maker, has promited to make him aw artificia! hand and wrist capadio of nearly ali tao naural Movemens,