The New York Herald Newspaper, August 12, 1859, Page 6

6 NEW YORK HERALD. aeeTe, rk JAWES GOKP epinee AN aMpD NassaU BTE | PPPFIGS HW, CORNKE OF FULT hy, miele wotlt ne a én seek 0 Pubcc iB wn, 1 pee ur : i 0 Fedons | +e NO, B2B AMUSEMENTS TOTS EVENING NIBLO'R GARDEN, Broadway ag Ticur Rore—Conscxirt Kow Ka4—EVOLUTIONS ON BOWRSY THEATER Aowery —Pixw’s Peak—Vou at Vanr—Niox o tax Woops. WALLAGK’S THEATRE, Arcadway.—inisa Mormon— haus soon, FBaTIONAL TERATER. ( or VENGEANOK -SavaGE AND Baruex—Ropent Macaixs, wtroat —Sarxon's Oatit xe Malpga—SragE STRUCK UM, Broadway.— After p~ Mato or Caorseer— BARNUMS AMFRICAN oon- No - Rose oy SuaKon Bose or fuaxon, mo) ‘ere: @, 56) and 863 Broadway- D'S MINSTREL BUT Fee Monon Dagens. do Dimon ap PYTuias. Braioria® Soxes, Daxces, £0 aniow’ Hall. 472 Broadway — ANT’ STRELS. eet aoe —Cuaw Boast Ber, ies Buevaseca, Songs, Dances, & PALACE GARDEN AND Helis, Fourteenth street — Soxogar any KoiRee Dansaate TRIPLE SHEET. Hew York, Friday, Augast 12.,185% The News. The steamships Fulton from Southampton, and Glasgow from Glasgow, arrived at this port yester- day The mails of the Arabia reached this city from Boston yesterday evening. Our files contain a full report of the important debate which took place in Parliament on the 28th ultimo on the subject of England's position towards the Italian question. From the statement of Lord John Russell, it ap- pears as if the Cabinet had been furnished with a sort of informal copy of the treaty of Villafranca, accompanied by a general invitation from Napo- leon to join in a European Congress for the enlarge- ment of its bases. Ministers would not give a defi- nite reply to France. The governmen: would not send a representative to Zurich, and should see a copy of the proceedings had there before deciding the question of going into another Congress. Na- poleon’s short manifesto on a disarmament in France produced joy in England. We give an in- teresting report of the Goodwood races and the contest for the stakes and cup. Our correspondent at Florence gives an interest- ing account of the state of affuirs in that part of Italy, and the determined opposition of the people of Tuscany to the restoration of the Grand Duke Leopold, who ran away from his people, and whose sons fought against them at Solferino. He also dis- cusses the affairs of the Papal dominions, where the Pope is ruling with a heavy hand. The leaders of ‘the revolt at Perugia have been condemned to death and their property confiscated. The Pope had reminded Louis Napoleon of his promise to aid in preserving order. Anelection was aboutto be ‘held in Tuscany under constitutional forms. The steamer North Star, from Aspinwall, bring- ing California advices to the 20th ult., arrived at this port early yesterday morning. The Star of the West, with the mails and treasure, left port some hours in advance of the North Star, and arrived here last evening. The news from California is unimportant. The losses by the fire at Weaver- ville are estimated at $107,000. Large quantities of very inferior gold, not worth more than eight or nine dollars per ounce, contiue to be taken out of the Gold Canon diggings. The party engaged by the Mexican government to survey the lands of Sonora has been broken up by the authorities of that State, and the members are on their way home. Business was dull at San Francisco, but prices re- main nominally unaltered. There was a large ac- cumulation of merchandise in that city, including East India, Chinese and European products. There had been only five arrivals of vessels from domes- tic Atlantic ports for thirty days preceding the de- parture of the steamer. A very interesting inter- view had taken place at Salem, Oregon, between the chiefs of several Indian tribes residin, of the Cascade mountains, and Mr. E. R. Geary, Su- perintendent of Indian Aff Our advices from New ( laare dated at Bo. gota on the 12th of July, and at Panama and Aspin- wall on the 3d of August. The news from the Isth” mus is not important. Nun:bers of persons conti nued to flock to the Chiriqui “gold images” coun try, and the latest reports te that the “grave diggers” were well satiaf Gold plates of all shapes and , with golden eagles and inst 4 had been taken out of one place described as “very rich.” All sorts of stories about ghosts and un earthly noises were afloat, but were not likely tc terrify the new comers much. The liberals in Car thagena liad pronounced against the auth on the new election law, and an exciting town riot occurred in consequence. In the course of the Comptroller's i it has been ascertained that the Corpo: delinquent taxpayer to the tune of has been suffered to accumulate throug of seven years. This is ex ive of the ments for the Central Park aud other prop which will amount to $171,000 more: all of wi will probably have to be provided for in the next { tax levy. t Ata special mecting of the Chamber of Com- merce held yesterday, Messrs. Charles H. Marshall, | suggested by this journal several years ago. the steamer Teutonia, to sail on the 15th inat., at 75c. per package. NEW YORK HERALD, FRIDAY, AUGUST 1%, 1859.—TRIPLE SHEET. case wit be argued before t: Supreme Court, spe” cial session The work of placing labe''cd lamps at the cor- ners of the principal streets 0 the city, pursuant to a recent resolution of the Common Counneil, was entered upon yesterday. On each lamp will be conspicuously painted the name of the streets an. gular to it. Only one hundr d@ of the labelled | lamps are to be erected at present, the object being te whether the experiment will prove ad geous. There can be no doubt of the be: sulting from this arrangement, more par arly ‘oon tke present plan will be carried gene- lly into effect, and embrace all the corner lamps of the city. The idea is nota new one, as it was A regatta of the New York Yacht Club took place yesterday at Newport. None of the first class sloops entered. The contest was confined to first class schooners and to slapps of the second and third class. The distance run was twenty miles out and back. The yachts started at about 11 o'clock, with a light breeze, and returned at intervals from half past four to five o'clock. The prize, which was divided among the three classes, and valued at $300, was respectively won by the Narragansett, Restless, Plover and Madgie. A destructive fire occurred at Cincinnati yester- day, by which property to the amount of $200,000 was destroyed and several firemen injured by the falling ruins, Tn view of the general interest manifested in the lottery business in the United States, we have com- piled an elaborate history of its rise, progress and present position, which will be found exceed- ingly interesting. It contains some curious parti- culars of the early history of this peculiarly fasci- nating excitement. Elsewhere will be found a statement from Mr. H. H. Day and his counsel in relation to the great India rubber controversy lately decided in the United States Circuit Court at Baltimore. The sales of cotton yesterday embraced about 800 bales, closing steady and without change in prices, While mid- dling uplands and lower graces were the same as before, the finer qualities were held with more firmuess, Tho flour market exhibited less depression, while the recent concession led to more inquiry, and especiaily for the low grades of Western and State. Southern continued to be eomewhat irregular, but with a good demand, including fome purchases for,export. Wheat was firm, with mode rate sales, including Kentucky white at $1 48 a $1 50, and amber colored do, at $1 35, Corn was firmer and in fair activity at 78c. a 8lc, for old and new Western mixed, the latter figure for primo, and round yellow at 80c. There was some reaction of feeling in the pork market,and more tone was apparent at the: close, with tolerably frea salee, inciuding new moss at $13 90 a $14, thin mess at $13 1234, and prime at $10 a $10 25. Beef was dull and lard steady. Sugars wero steady, with sales of 5CO a 600 bhds. and 100 boxes at rates given in another column. Coffee continued to be active, and closed with a firmer feeling; the sales embraced two or threo cargoos, comprising 11,000 bags Rio and 3,955 do. do., by auction, all at rates given in another column. Freights to English ports were firm. To Liverpool, about 1,860 bales of cotton were engaged at 3-164. to 7-32d., and part at 4d., and oilcake at 178. 6d. ‘To London, 100 tons oilcske were engaged at 208, To Glasgew, 700 bbis, flour at 2s., and 250 packages tobacco for Hamburg, by Governor Wise and the Aibany Regency—A& Broadside fiom the Richmond Enquirer. “When the sky falls we shall catch larke,” says one of our most ancient prophecies; and from the number of larks entangled in the meehes of this Albany conspiracy against Gov. Wise one might suppose'that the sky had really caved in. Read the terrible onslaught of the Richmond Enquirer upon the conspiratora, which we publish to-day. It bears the ominous title of “The Tricksters Thwarted; or, the Last Conspi- racy Foiled in the Work of Political Assassina- tion—A Chapter in New York Politics.” Let the historian of “The Midnight Scream; or, the ngers in the city, and but little doubt that | | treacherous conspiracy to bind, hand and | foot, the New York democracy in the | Charleston Convention by the introduction of two delegations. The proper defence, therefore, of Governor Wise, is not a reckless foray among imaginary enemies, but a war of extermination against the Albany Regency. The inside history of the concern for tweuty-five or thirty years back will furnish him with abundant ammunition, from which the Governor may write a much more readable thir- ty column letter than his Stamford essay on equatter sovereignty. We all know that, for a good many years, in Congress, Mr, Wise was the flery Hannibal of the opposition against Martin Van Buren, both when Van Buren was on the throne, and the al- leged “power behind the throne greater than the throne itself.” Herein lie the “antecedents” of Governor Wise, referred to the other day by the Albany Avlas-Argus, “antecedents” which render Governor Wise particularly obnoxious to the free soil, “free-wool” Albany Regency. Let Governor Wise, then, close up his accounts with them, especially from the point where he le‘t off in 1841, and give us a sweeping manifesto on the trickeries and treacheries of the Regency and it will be read as universally as the Sickles trial or the Cunningham baby case. The young man of the Enquirer is not equal to the task. The Governor himself must take it up; and a margin of thirty years past and thirty co- lumns may be well bestowed upon the Albany Regency. Let the Governor recruit himself for a few days upon his famous Virginia hard shells, and then upon our New York soft shells go reso- lutely to work. | Oid Saws and Modern Conclusions—War an Agent of Politieal Developement. War is undoubtedly a great scourge, but it must be admitted that it is also a great cor- rective. It exercises over the political atmos- phere the same purifying influence that a thun- derstorm produces over the air we breathe. No sooner does the treaty of Villafrauca afford time for reflection to Francis Joseph on the cauees that led to the late struggle, than we find him profiting by the lessons it has taught him. We hear already of his devoting himself to the reform of the internal abuses of his empire, con- vinced that in that lie at once the means of es- caping the errors that have cost him one of his fairest provinces, and the future strength that will enable him to regain the political influence that he has lost. He has convoked, it is said, the provincial councils of his empire, that he may receive their suggestions as to what they think necessary for the internal government of his States. They are to have full liberty of speech in their deliberations, in order that the Emperor may be made acquainted with the wants and wishes of the populations. If Francis Joseph be sincere in the purpose which this announcement would indicate, there is ground for rejoicing, not only on the part of his own people, but on that of the Italians. The man who, after such a hu- miliation as he has just met with, can thus frankly and promptly, in the face of Europe, ad- mit the mistakes that he has committed, must surely evince something of the same good sense and magnanimity in the adjustmen‘ of the condi- tions by which the independence of Italy is to be secured. Whatever may be the course, however, which the Emperor may choose to pursue on that question, it is satisfactory to find that the sacrifices made by Austria in the late war will not be entirely profitles to Pirates of the Bloody Island,” hide his dimin- ished head. The article in question includes, first, the case as made out against the Governor by some oppo- sition organs and the Washington Union; se- condly, on the score of “morality,” a defensive explanation of the Governor’s dreadful epistle to his New York correspondent, Donnelly; and, thirdly, a raking fire of shot and shell, grape and cannister, upon “the assassins and conspirators,” the whole being interlarded with some very fool- ish flings at the “Brigadier General Bowman,” “Mr. Buchanan,” and the “federal administra. her. We are satisfied from what we know of the internal condition of the different provinces of the empire, that it will require but the mani- festation of a sincere desire on the part of the government to reform existing abuses and to pursue a course of common humanity and justice towards the populations placed under its charge, to revivify amongst all of them the ancient spirit of loyalty which, in Hungary under worse circumstances of discouragement, rallied around Maria Theresa the best blood of the country. It isin that quarter principally that the future perils of the Austrian monarchy tion.” But in this confused admixture of “‘news- paper reporters,” “howls of denunciation,” | “screeching notes of scanty administration or- | gas,” and the “deep mouthed tones of the bloodhounds of the opposition,”’ we can only dis- cover that our Richmond cotemporary is in too ciency. In the interpretation thus given to the spicy little letter which has created all this uproar, we “| are told that Governor Wise expresees the fear | that the Albany Regency “will pack a delegation | to misrepresent the State at Charleston, in sub scrvience to the power and patronage of the pre sent admivistration,”’ and that the advice to send dowa a contesting delegation contemplated | nothing more than a righteous defeat of this sys- | ing. Now, if the adwinistration bad | ed, this explanation might pass; but s itis, the Enquirer is sadly befogged, or shame- fully ignorant of the facts. The game of the Albany Regency has been as mnch a game of treacbery against Mr. Bucbanan as against Gov. Wise: and the ¢ffurts of the Regency, in conjuac- tion with Tammany Hall, to “pack’’ the New York delegation to Charleston, bave been “in subservi- ence,” not to the administration, but to tbe Douglas movement and to the interests of W. H Robert L. Tyler and BE. E. Morgan were unani- mously re-elected Pilot Commi 3 for the en. | suing two years. | The Police Commissioners, it seems, are not ex empt from human weaknesses like, as well a Is anybody else, to give fat jubs to their fric ‘There is a rule requiring the police to get all t clothing made at certain tailor friends of the Com. missioners. Most of the police have regarded this rule as a piece of tyrannical favoritism, but they have been compelled to submit to it. A plucky policeman of the Fifteenth precinct, named McWa ters, has refused to pay his police tailor the full mount of his charges, and the result has been a suit in one of the district courts. The Policeman proposes to push the question to a lezal ecision as to whether the Commissioners can com: | Pel him to go to certain tailors to get his clothing Made. As it stands, the police are all greatly in- | terested in the result, many of them claiming that pe Bet their work done elsewhere for one: | d less than they are paying now, and one third | Detter. 7 i The Board of Aldermen held a special meoting | ed resolnt! Mast evening, and pass; ‘, voxtend the hospitaiuc. RENAN SOE AL wf Richmond, Va., to the Common ¢ wity, and to the Richmond Grays, ss, will arom ‘pany them. A resolution to the same effect w also adopted by the Councilmen unanimo as] Bome routine business was transicted by the Aldermen, and notwithstanding a previous res, tion of that body to adjourn until the first Monday in September next, they resolved to meet again next Thureday. A suit has been commenced in the Supreme Court by Mr. A. Van Cottér against the Corporation to recover the sum of $126,236 71 for the value of land on Ward's Island sold by him to the city. The Seward. Nothing could be more preposterous or ruinous | to the defence in this matter than this attempt to | drag inthe administration and Mr. Buchanan | among these “ bloodhounds, assassins, conspira- tors, tricksters, catfaces, catskins, calamniatora, bullies and scavengers,” conceraed in this borrible New York plot to kill off Governor Wise. Mr. Buchanan is unques- tionably as innocent of any complicity in this conspiracy as the King of Sardinia or the Pope of Rome. The whole trouble may be charged to the misplaced confidence of Mr. Barny Donnelly in permitting that tempting letter to go into the hands of that unscrupulous “trickster” the Chevalier Cassidy. No doubt Mr. Donnelly supposed, as he was a good Catholic, and a fall believer in the Pope, ibe infallibility of the church, transubstantia- tion, the immaculate conception, and fish on Fri- day, that Cassidy, also a professing Catholic, was likewise a believer in these things, and might be | trusted as a brother. In this fraternal coni- dence, however, poor Donnelly has proved to be a Judy, and Caesidy a Judas, the convonient tool of the Central Railroad lobby coalition of Richmond, Cagger, Thurlow Weed, W. H. Sew- ard & Company. We are not satisfied with this defence of Gov- ernor Wise by the Richmond Enquirer. It runs off the track; it is not what we wanted; it is not the remedy the care requires; it will not do. The Albany Regency have attempted the im- Palement of the Governor upon this Donnelly letter, and upon the charge of a dishonest aud much of a rage to fight with discretion or effi- | lie; and if Francis Joseph will only out-ma- neuvre revolution on the Napoleonic plan of anticipating its grievances, we believe that it | will not liein the power of Kossuth, Klapka, or | others agitators of the same stamp, to sever the ties whicy bind the Hun garians to the imperial: dynasty. It is not Austria alone, however, which bas benefitted by the lessons that war iacul- cates. When Russia discovered in the Crimean campaign the error that she had committed in supposing the resources which she had accumu- lated during a forty years’ peace to be sufficient to enable her to cope with the combined strength of England and France, she hasten- ed to repair it by just such an armistice as that which has been concluded at Villa- franca. Then withdrawing herself altogether from diplomatic contests and intrigues, she ap plied herself to internal improvements, the con- struction of railways, the developement of her manufacturing interests, and the perfecting of those branches of her military service her in- feriority in which the war had proved. But, far- ther than this, she entered on a path of political referm so sweeping and extensive that it en- titles her to the character of one of the most pro- gressive nations on the face of the earth. And England herself, which boasts of being foremost in the ranks of progress and enlighten- ment, did she not acquire Jessons as invaluable from the experience of that campaign? The sa- crifice of some of her best troops by the deficien- cies of her Commiseariat, and the general blundering of her War Department, brought home conviction to the mind of every one that the principle of aristocratic mo- nopoly in her government was radically wrong, and that unlees office was'thrown open to gencral competition her ruin muet ultimately be the result, The Indian mutiny contributed its hare to these conclusions, and now for the first time in the political annals of Eogland we find | the old family and party federations humbly so- | liciting the official aid and co-operation of the | popular leaders as the only secure basis of ad- ministrative power. Although the Italian campaign was profesaedly undertaken for the eration of a gallant and | long-euffering people from the yoke of Austria, there can be no doubt that Napoleon was urged into it by the neceesitics of his own personal po- sition. He had arrived at a crisis in his career when the system of intellectual repression which he had been at first compelled to adopt for his eecurity had become a source of danger instead of strength to hisdynasty. By undertaking a | war of liberalism he hoped to crush out the | snake that he had merely ecotched, to be enabled to relax the restrainte which he had imposed on _ pnblic opinion, and perhapa even to enter on the path of constitutional concessions. When the results Gf tbe peace of Villafranca ove to be realized we believe that the people of Mcance will be found to benefit more largely by them than they have been led to expect. Thus, war, grim-visaged and terrible as it is, bas its uses and advantages, The theory that it retards invariably the march of civilization is one of those abstractions which is undeserving of a eerious examination, We have shown what beneficial influences the sanguinary contests of the last five years have exercised over the mate- rial and political developement of the European nations. But for them their condition would have remained stationary, or they would have been storm-tossed by the revolutionary whirl- wind, to be cast back again into the slough of despond. Whatever, therefore, humanitarians may say on the subject, we contend that war, like every other evil, brings its compensating good. Anti-Slavery Clerical Convention—Danger of Ecclesiastical Interference in Political Affeirs. By telegraph we learn that an Anti-Slavery Convention of the clergy of Ohio was held on Wedneeday and yesterday at Columbus, the capi- tal of that State; that all parts of Ohio were well represented, and that resolutions were adopted in opposition to elavery, and an ecclesiastical or- ganization established, in conformity with the call, which was as follows:— All denom{nations who believe and deeply feel that slavery is our nation’s great crime (and her great calami- ty erd the source of her greatest danger as well) are in- vited to meet to deliberate and pray, to give public ex- preerion to views, and to organize @ system of efforts which shall aid in enlisting and arousing the public con- science and enlightening the Christian energies of the State and nation against this great iniquity. This is following up the action of the three thousand clergymen of the New England States who at the time of the Kansas imbroglio issued their manifesto like a Papal bull, which was so much fuel added to an excitement that threatened toinvolve the whole country in acivilwar. The clergy never mingle in political strife but to fan the flame or throw oil into the fire. At that time Henry Ward Beecher, at a meeting in New Ha- ven, declared that Sharpe’s rifle was a much bet- ter instrument of civilization and liberty than the Bible; and accordingly the man of God, whose mission is to preach peace and good will among men, paid down his subscription on the spot for one of those deadly weapons, to put into the hands of the free soil emigrants to shoot down the “bor- der ruffians;” and this was all done for the love of black humanity and the assertion of its equal rights, which is so beau- tifully illustrated in the Kansas constitution recently adopted by the “free State” party, in which the negro race is as completely ignored as if it consisted of live stock, or other chattels. And now again we have the clergy coming for- ward to harp on the same anti-slavery string—to interfere in the political affairs of the country, instead of attending to the duties for which they were appointed. Instead of preserving their purity and that just influence for good which they would be sure to wield among their flocks if they kept aloof from the contamination of poli- tics, they mix themselves up with the dirty cor- rupt parties of the day, and thus not only lower their sacred calling, but degrade their own per- eonal characters, by coming in contact with a class of politicians whom every honest, decent man keeps at arm’s length. But this view of the course of the clergy chiefly affects themselves and the welfare of their respective flocks, There is another point of view in which their action affects the country at large- Their inflammable appeals,tinged as they are with Teligious fanaticism, are dangerous to the peace of the country, and may lead to the most serious consequences. We know that much of the blood that was shed in the Kansas strife was owing to their “organized system of efforts;” for bad men were glad to get their sanction for rapine and murder, and even good but mistaken men were led astray by their undue influence. Their pre- sent organization, by which they propose to “grouse the public conscience,” is calculated to produce the same results, and perhaps may end in something far worse. Once kindle a politico- religious conflagration, and there is no telling where it may stop. The excitement of politics, especially on the slavery question, is bed enough without the religious element, and the feeling between North and South is already sufficiently embittered. But let ecclesiastical animosity be thrown into the hell-broth which boils in the political cauldron, and what can be expected from such a compound but double strife and trouble? Lastly, it is dangerous to the liberties of the country to permit the interference of the ecclesi- astical power in its political affairs. It is true that there is no law to prevent it; for this is one of the evils inseparable from free speech. But there is a law of public opinion, which, if properly brought to bear, would be just as effectual as any statute. Let the prees all over the country de- nounce this usurpation, and let every congrega- tion, no matter what may be its political com plexion, rebuke its pastor for the first offence, shonld he be guilty of it, and for the second send him adrift to find his proper level among the politi- cal dregs for which he feels a greater affinity than for the elevated business of his clerical profes- sion. Every layman, no matter whether his politics be the same as those of the ecclesiastical intruder or not, ought to frown down his interfer- ence as a precedent full of peril to civil liberty. If the clergy are permitted to mingle in the agitation of the slavery question, the time will come when they will mingle in other political matters, and those who from party spirit avail themselves of such aid to-day may reject it hereafter when it is too late. Give the clergy an inch in political matters and they will take anell. This has ever been their history from the beginning. And the characteristic feature of their politics is, that they are always narrow- minded, illiberal and exclusive, it matters not whether they are Protestants or Catholics. The Jesuits were not worse than the Roundheads, and the one-man power at Rome never was more des- potic than the politico-religious Puritanism of New England, which insisted on cocrcing all men to the dimensions of its own procrustean bed. The constitation of the United States gave ita heavy blow, from which it has never recovered But attempts are made from time to time to revive this religious ascendancy in po- litical and civil affuire, The Sunday tyran- ny is an example of it, and it has been increasing of late. A bit must be put in ita mouth to reduce it to proper subjection. What matters it to us whether it is a Catholic Pope that exercises temporal dominion over us, ora Protestant oligarchy of Popes—many tyrants instead of one? The sad example of permitting _| the epiritual power to gain a gradual ascendancy over civil and political affairs is seen in the his- tory of Italy for fifteen hundred years. It has destroyed tbat fairest of countries, making it the victim of domestic and foreign wars for many centuries, and now it stands an almost insur- mountable barricrin the way of fés .{reedom and independence. It is like the case of & man long addicted to intoxication: if you remove Griok from bim altogether you kill him: If yu continue it you also kill him. The temporal do- minion of the Pope is now 80 long established 2 the centre of Italy, and there is at the same time so much popular hostility against it, that to sbolieh or continue it presents equal difficulties to the greatest statesmen of the age. In the United States—the asylum of human liberty for the rest of the world—let ecclesiastical usurpa- tion pever haye a beginning, and we shall never have any trouble in bringing it to an end. Counterfeiting on a Magnificent Scale=The Latest Develope ments. The Heravp of yesterday contained ao account of the operations of some of our detective police in bringing to light a most extensive manufactory of counterfeit bank bills which bad been established in one of the up town streets of this city. This | establishment seems to have been under the management of two experienced ficancial ope- rators, who had madée their arrangements to go into the businces on a most magnificent scale, but whose ambitious pretensions were unexpectedly nipped in the bud through the interference of the police. Their operations were not to be limited * © one, two, or three banking institutions. They were to extend to a score or more, in various sec- tions of the United States and Canada, and might, in fact, be extended ad infinitum to suit the pleasure or convenience of the operators. As it was, all things were in proper train to have the country flooded with counterfeits on eleven distinct banks, and with bogus bills on nearly as many more that have no existence at all. No less than thirteen thousand dollars of this precious stuff had been worked off and done up in neat packages of fifties and hundreds, when the detec- tives thought proper to make their appearance on the scene, arrest the two managers, and earry off the plates, dies, presses, and what is usually denominated the “flimsey.” This discovery brings up more forcibly than ever the questions: What is to be done to guard the community effectually against the plague of counterfeiting? What remedy is to be applied against this alarming and rap- idly increasing evil? These are questions which vitally concern every class of the community, and to which the serious attention of Legis- latures should be directed. The first step to- wards obtaining a solution of the problem is to understand the facilities and encouragements which are offered to counterfeiters Dy the very loose system adopted in this State and through- out the whole country in regard to the issue of bank bills. Persons who are unacquainted with the science of engraving are very apt to imagine that the bank bills which pass through their hands are impressions from original plates, executed by firet class engravers at very considerable expense to the bank, and that consequently counterfeits of them can only be executed by very superior workmen and also at great cost. No such thing. If that were the case we should be conmparatively secure from the operations of counterfeiters. And it is precisely because that is not the system pursued that we find the whole country inun- dated with counterfeit and bogus bills. How then are gemuine bank note plates exe- cuted? In this very loose and dangerous method: A, bank note engraver designs or adopts a vignette, a border, an ornamental figure to represent the value of the note, and various styles of flourishes. Every bank note engraver has seores or hundreds of such designs always on hand, according to the amount of his busi- ness. Bya mechanical contrivance each of these can be multiplied without limit. And so when a new bank is started, and plates are wanted for its notes, the engraver submits te the bank di- rectors his whole repertory of designs; and this vignette, and that figure, and this style of border are selected, just as the taste or fancy of the di- rectors may suggest. The engraver has only to put his hand on these various dies, put them in po- sition, engrave the name of the new bank in the proper place, and the plate is complete at a very trifling expense to the bank. It is in this way that the vignettes and figuring and general ap- pearance of the notes of so many different baoks are identical. It is because the economical sys- tem of combination of design is resorted to in- stead of having every plate engraved separately and independently from an origiaal design. But the most secure method would yield less profit to the engravers, and it is chiefly owing to this paltry consideration that the trade of the ccun- terfeiter flourishes. It is very rarely, indeed, that the en- graver consciously aids the counterfeiter. The mode in which the latter operates is this: He goes to one engraver and procures a vignette, repre- senting, perhaps, that he desires it for the head- ing of the billa of a mercantile firm. From another engraver he procures, on aaother pre- tence, a die for the figure ‘one,’ or “five,” or “ten,” as the case may be. From others he pro- cures, Ou various pretences, the other necessary perts. And thus he is able, withaut any risk to himself, aod without any culpable knowledge on the pait of the engraver, to get together dies, by tbe varying combination of which he caa produce a fac simile of the notes of a score of bapks. Or, if the cousterfeiter likes to run the ritk, he way attain his object ia a much more di- rect manner—that is, by going to au engraver, representing himeclf a director of a newly char- tercd bark out West, aad selecting plates for the notes of different values. This latter method is often resorted to successfully. In this State the Comptroller has the direction of the bank note engraving. and gives a mo- nopoly of the work to a single firm. This, while it affords no possible security against counterfeit- ing, tends to check all improvement in desiga- ing, ond leaves those engravers who are outside of the monopoly to get whatever work they can procure. It would be much better to license all competent engravers, and to hold them toa strict accountability aso the work they execute. It will be seen from this account of bank note engraving, that to guard agaiost counterfeiting itis a matter of the first necessity that the sys tem of combination of dies should be abandoned, and that every plate should be executed as a whole and from an original design. To guard against photographing, golored inks might be used, as they now are hy,8ome banks. But per- haps the most effeo#ial guard, in addition, would be the adoption of a water-marked paper, on the plan of the Bank of England. The State Comp- troller might be authorized to procure such pa- per for the use of the banks, and at their expense. ‘We throw out these suggestions that they may be duly weighed, considered and acted upon by the public, the banks, and the Legislature, for it The Goodwrcd Races and the Late Per. formance on the Kiclipse Course=Sports of the Turf in England and America. Two interesting events have just occurred, almost simultaneously, that are calculated to ait up considerable excitement in sporting cic- cles and to give a great impetus and éclat to movements on the turf, We allude, of course, to the Good wood races of England and to the trotting matei: of Tuesday last on the Eclipse Course, Long Isiaud, Our national vanity is somewhat tickled at learafng that the America horse Starke won the Gocdwood stakes agaiast a ficld of seventeen competitors, and that for the great Goodwood Cup, another American horse, Prioress, came in third. But sporting men ia this locality are stil more interested in the re- sults of the last Eclipse trotting match betweea the two celebrated horses Flora Temple and Princeas, where the former trotted one of the three mile-heats in the unprecedentedly quick time of two minntes and twenty-two seconds, and each of the other two in a second and a half more, These two events have caused quite a sensation in sporting circles; and the match that is to come off next Tuesday, on the Eclipse Course, between the same twe horses—teo mile heats, the best of three—will help to increase that sensation. The success of American horges on the Englisl turf is not to be wondered at if we attach credit to the boasts of our Virginia and Kentucky horse breeders, wha'ehallenge competition from all the rest of the world. We have heard of an offer to run Americamhorves against Englisy, in four mile heats, for stakes to the amount of $100,000. This chaltenge wae made some time ago and has not beon accepted. True, for a short run of a mile, or two miles, English may still outstrip: American horses, for the effort among breeders iz: England ‘has been to attain speed at the expense of bottors whereas our Virginia and Kentucky horses unite both qualities. But, as the true test of yachting is im an ocean stretch, so that of homes is in a long course where their powers both cfspeed and'endu- Trance must be proved. Americaz: breeders-elaim that they are ahead of their Eogtish cousins ia combining specd with endurance, ond offer toput their claims to the test, in racex of four-mile heats; but, up to the present time, the offer has not been taken. It has been erroneously supposed tat the per- formances of Mr. Ten Broeck’s horzes on the Engiieh turf for the last two or three years ought to set at rest our pretensions to superiority in racing horses. By no means—and for these two very valid reasons. The horees which tiat gen- tleman iatroduced into Eegland were not consid- ered first clavs horses here. They were reckoned second or third class. And, besides, Mr. Ten Broeck went not into the thing—as Commodore Stevens did with his yacht America—for the sake of winnixg a national triumph, but for that other purpose, which is much more in vogue With gen- tlemen ot the turf, of putting money in his purse. The means of succeeding in this latter specula- tion are eo mysteriously indirect on the turf as to baffle all attempts to reason on the philosopby of this or that move. The moves on the race courses are as combined and intricate as are the moves on @ chess board. If the pleyer can succeed in checkmating his opponent by skilfully sacrificing @ bishop here and a knight there, these losses are by him counted gains. And eo it is exactly with sport- ing men, who can afford to let a horse be beaten here, and another there, if they can thus succeed in making up a good book where they find it convenient to go in and wia. It is said that there are dozens of horses in this country that can beat any in Wagland for a four mile stretch. Among them are Planet, Nicholas E, Tar River, Fanny Washington, Ru- pee, Eliza Logan, Minnehaha and Calvert. These are all racers. In regard to trotting horses we are far ahead of all other countries; for, while in England the taste has been, and is, for saddle herses, our taste has inclined to the encourage- ment and developement of the more useful quali- ty of speed and endurance in harness. This is particularly the case in the Northera States; and it is curious to observe the ratio ia which the speed of trotting horses has been in- creased by judicious breeding and training. Forty years ago, on the Newmarket course, Long Island, the speed of a mile in three minutes was attained for the first time. Twenty years ago amile was done for the first time im two minutes and thirty seconds Last Tuesday Flora Temple, in her race with Princess, per- formed a mile in two minutes and twenty- two eeconds; and her driver confidently asserted that if she had been pushed she would have done it ian two minutes and twenty seconds. The quickest time on record before this lest feat was two minutes and twenty- four and a baif seconds, aud this had been made by Fiora Temple, Lantern and Ethun Allen. So that in forty years we have gained forty seconds in speed, or at the rate of a eecond’a year. We see that the taste for trotting matches is coming into existence ia England. The first contest of the kind there is advertised to come off on the Liverpool course. It may be taken for granted that some of Mr. Ten Broeck’s horses will be entered for it; and we understand that Mr. Bevins has cent over, for the same ocoa- tion, his trotting horee Mountain Boy, with Sam McLoughlin as driver. This will be an intro- duction of our system of horse racing; but we do not expect to see it grow much in favor there, for the Eng}ish, as a people, are much more par- tisl to exercise i@ the saddle than Americans are—tke taste in both cases having its origia. ia the climate of the respective countries. We are glad to see the growing interest taken in this country in affairs of the turf. Aside from their influence in improving the breed of horses, they have a beneficial influence on the health of the people. We have not got half eaough of these healthful public excitements, and we sbould do our best to encourage what we have got of them. It must be confessed, however, that cur race courses, however well they may be adapted for the running of the horses, are altogether too expensive in their admiesions to be enjoya- bie by a large crowd. To nine out of every ten people who would go to a race course the prin- cipal charm would be not the performance of the horses, but the attendant sceags of merri- ment throughout the field—-the booshs, the Punch and Judy shows, the ballad singers, the picnio parties in carriages and In quiet nooks, the com- mingling of all clasees and conditions, and that wild, rollicking abandon, for the day, which give to the Epsom and the Derby, and the Phenix Park races suoh irresistible attractions, Here we have none of that. To getasight of theraca at all one must pay a dollar for the least eligible position, on a stand, and five or ten dollars for admission to the ficld and grand stand. The is of the most vital importance to society that | “2#equence is that our races are attended by the circulating medium should be kept pure and | few but those who have a great taste for witness- free from tio, ing performances of horses, while for the nincty-