The New York Herald Newspaper, August 4, 1859, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GOKDOY BKHEAAHTT, DITOR AND PROPRIETOR, OFFION 8. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NasdAU OTA HS, cash tm actounce Money sent by musi wilt be as the salle Calan Feta samen! ual nemeed cemeigaelas THR DAILY HERALD. too conte THE WEBKLY HERALD, mery Saturd sopy o $3. ver annurn; 81 per annum ‘at pix conan ‘the European Edition evary Wedweaitay at viw centa per copy, $4 per annwn to any part of Great Rritrin, or SR touny part of the Continent. oth to include poaage:, the Dalifornia BaAition on the Sth snd OWN af sack monsh at wa oante or $i 60 annum rae rAMt? Y HERALD. on Wodnesday, at four cents por copy. oF Si.per ann WoLUNeARY CORRESPONDENGB, containing émporiand wn Foweiae Gori 4080 BErT UB. We do not NO NOTICE taken of anonymous corresponaence to a State Convention to be held at Syracuse on the Mth of September next, for the nomination of State officers and the choice of delegates to the Charleston Convention, or to determine the man- ner inw ch, andthe tims when, said delegates shall be |! «sen. In our report of the proceedings of the Committee, which we publish in another place, is «ven a letter from Gov. Wise, of Virginia, on the °:sidential question, which will be read e interest just at this time. The B» dof Supervisors met last evening. Seve. ) small | ils were ordered to be paid, amongst which wa- ne for $10 for the use of an easy chair a sick convicte } on Annu pay ing th fo vor during tie tral of James Stephens, ' poisoning his w fe. The Committee ‘axes sent in along report in favor of Lill of Professor Doremus, amounting to return vet ‘ LD VERTISEMENTS wed every ; advertisements in eettal in. he Wasnt aes, Fister finuato, and én the Caliente ond European Editions: JOB PRINTING executed with neatness, cheapness and de Volume XXTV .... “AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, NIBLO'S GARDEN, Brosdwey.—Conps Taxvvs—La SrLrawE—DscusLomEsy, — BOWEBY THEATRE Rowery —Stx Dacewes or Onine— Werr or tae Wisu ton Wisa—Witru. Muspss. WALLACE’S THEATRE, Broadway.—Yarxeus Hovse;, weeres— Lats Roo. NATIONAL THEATRE, Chatham street —Lirtux Nexix— Jackets OF BuuE. BARNUM’S AMBRIOAN MUSEUM, Broadway.—after- moon and Bveolng—Wrusn, tum WizeRD. WOOD'S MINSTREL BUILDING, 561 and 563 Broadway— Ergiortam Songs, Daxoxs, 40 —Bepovin Anass. BRYANT’S MINSTRELS, Mechanics’ Hall, 472 Broadway. Bougcesquas, S0NGs, Dances, 4c.—Lixis's Lanp, ne 144 BROADWAY.—Fangwart Comrtinenr to 0, H. Ox. PALACE GARDEN AND HALL, Fourteenth street - Vocar amp Instaumextal JoncKxr. ~~ Mew York, Thursday, August 4, 1858. MAILS FOR THE PACIFIC. few York Herald—California Edition. ‘The United States mail steamship Moses Taylor, Oap:ain McGowan, wil leave this pert to-morrow afternoon, @ two »'clock, for Aspinwall. The mails for California and other parts ef the Pacific will close at one o'clock to-morrow afternoon, The New Youx Waray Hematp—Oahfornis edition— ontaining the latest intelligence trom all parts of the world, wil! be published at ten o’clock im the morning. ‘Singie coptes, tn wrappers, ready for mailing, six cents, Agents will please send io their orders as early as pos- sible. ‘The News. The Persia and Kangaroo reached this port yes- terday morning with European advices to the 23d ultimo. The funds had exhibited a drooping tendency in London, and on the 22d consols closed weak at 949 a 94§ for both money and account. The supply of money continued abundant. The weekly re. turns of the Bank of England show a decrease in the bullion of $1,211,230. There was a decline on the Paris Bourse of one-half per cent. Cotton h lined one-eighth of a penny in Liverpool. | stuffs were heavy and unimproved under pr undant harvest. Prepar coing on for the assembling o¢ the Congress ich, at which, as reported, France and Austria alone would be represented, the result to be communicated to the King of Sar- dinia, who would have the power to add one article if he pleased. It was evident that the great neu- tral Powers did not like the peace arrangements. Lord John Russell stated to the English Parliament that the Cabinet was in possession of the details of the treaty made at Villafranca, but were not ina position to make a statement on the subject for a few days. He was given to understand by the Freach government that there was no provision in the treaty for restoring the late dynasties of Tus- cany, Parma and Modena to their possession by force. A very importantedebate took place in Parlia ment on the subject of England’s relations with France when the budget was discussed. Mr. Dis raeli contended that for political vanity England ought not to have a finger in the settlement of the continental question. As she had not interfered in the war, she ought not to thrust herself into the proposed Congress. Mr. Gladstone said as soon as the state of Europe would admit of it, it would be the duty of England to test the pacific intentions og foreign governments, by calling for a diminution of armaments. Lords John Russell and Palmerston expressed themselves in favor of the intervention of England in the peace settlement, provided she could take part with dignity and honor, and thereby assist in strengthening the peace and rendering it enduring. All Italy Was excited against the peace treaty. It was said that the Pope would not accept the Presidency of the new Confederation, Garibaldi had dissolved his legion, causing the men to swear allegiance to Victor Emanuel, and MM. Kossuth, Klapka and Teleki, who had consti- tuted themselves in Florence asa Hungarian Com- mittee, had separated, renouncing all projects of political action. All the London papers which reached Paris on the 21st ult. were confiscated in the Post Office, and at no time since the coup d'état had the London papers been so continuously laid under embargo. From the French West Indies we have news dated at Martinique and Guadaloupe on the 28th of June. In the former the Governor had convoked the Council General for the 27th of August for a session of a week, and fixed the solemn inaugura, tion of the statue of the Empress Josephine for the 29th of the same month. Rain had fallen aftera long drought, and had done much good to the crops. The war in Europe had not affected the price of sugar. In Guadaloupe 613 coolies had arrived from Pondicherry. In spite of recent arrivals the planters had inscribed demands for 27,667 immigrants. The sanitary situation of the two islands was satis- factory. Our correspondent at St. John, Porto Rico, writing on the 20th ult., says:—The health of the island is very good. By another royal order itis required that all vessels bound to ports in this island shall bring with them a manifest con- taining the marks, numbers, kind of packages, and their contents, or if in ballast stating so, the same to be certified by the Spanish Consul resident at the port from which she is despatched, and a du- plicate of the same must be given to the Consul, who wili send it by the same vessel under cover to the Collector. The non-observance of this order will subject the vessel to a fine of $100. Freights are dull. Rum is in better demand, and sells at $42 a $45. Molasses 16 cents per gallon. Sugar ranges from 4jc. a 5c., with no immediate prospect of a decline. Stock not large, owing to rainy weather, which prevents an accumulation from the interior. Exchange on London $492} a $495 per £100; on New York two per cent discount, and on St. Thomas one per cent discount. Another frightful railroad accident, by which fif- teen or twenty persons were instantly killed and a number of others badly injured, occurred on the Albany, Vermont and Canada Railroad, near Scati- coke, Rensselaer county, on Tuesday last. The catas- trophe was occasioned by the locomotive breaking through a rotten trestle bridge over the Tomban- | nock creek, preciptating the cars a distance of some twenty-five or thirty feet. A Coroner's inquest had been held on the body of one of the victims, and the jury in their verdict severely censure those having charge of the road. Full details of the acci. dent, with the names of the persons killed and injured, are given in our paper to-day. ‘The New York Democratic State Committee met pt Albany yesterday, and unanimously adopted a tesolation requesting the democracy of each Assem- bir district to appoint ono delegate from each district (0 of which was for analyzing the re- vains of Mis. Stephens. On a vote being taken there a>pented three in favor of the adoption of the report and six against it. The matter was re- considered and laid on the table. The Board then adjourned to Tuesday next at two o'clock. No business was transacted at the meeting o the Commissioners of Emigration yesterday. The number of emigrants arrived during the week was 219, swelling the number for the year up te the present time to 46,978. The balanee of the Com- imntation Fund has r sen to $21,304 48. There were only twenty-two members of the Board of Education present last evening when the hour for meeting arrived, and as twenty-three are necessary for a quorum the meeting was declared adjourned. At the meeting of the Commissioners of Health yesterday the Health Officer reported that twenty vessels have arrived this season which had been in- fected with yellow fever, but only four | ersons were sick on arrival, all of whom are in a fair way to recover. Resolutions were passed authorizing the City Inspector to carry on operations against the piggery and bone boiling nuisances further up town. the Court Martial upon Major Osborn Cross, of the United States army, wo is charged with mis- applying and embezzling the public money, com- menced in this city yesterday. We give the charges and specifications preferred against the accused, together with yesterday's proceedings of the Cvurt, n another column, Virginia Stewart, the unfortunate victim of her own strong passions, has been at length compelled to succumb to the grim spectre which has haunted her for the last'twelve days. Last night the film of death, in its most appalling shape, overspread her countenance, and the struggle was momentarily exjected to be at anend. It was a sickening pic. ture to behold the unfortunate victim as she lay in the death pangs, her whole frame subjected to the most fearful contortions. She has made a special dying request of her mother that she will do all in her power to shield Macdonald from punishment, and seemed to feel an attachment for him which death alone could efface. A meeting of journeymen and master shoemakers was held at Co: vention H:ll last evening, for the pu pcs+ cf organ zing a strong oppos tion to prison or convict labor in the munufacture of boots and shoes. There was avery fair attendance. The meeting was called to order by Mr. Henry Burrows, who briefly stated its objects. They had met to or- gunze as ciety to !e compose! of all the shoe- makers of New York to offer the most determined opposition to the encroachments of prison labor on their trate. The meeting would be astonished to know that from two prisons alone 60,000 pairs of shoes were sent into the city monthly, not to say any- thing o' a constant supply o! upwards of 300 to 500 pairs a day from other places of imprisonment— giving u,on an average 100,000 pairs a month, at the low ; rice of three or four cents a pair for mak- ing them. They must be determined to oppose such a monstrous thing, for no shoemaker could compete with such results of convict labor. The object of te meeting met with warm approval, and the meeting thereupon proceeded to appoint officers. Mr. Burrows was elected President, Mr. George Rowe Secretary, and Mr. J. Donahan Treasurer. The other proceedings of the evening were of no immediate public interest. The various cattle yards were abundantly sup- plied with beef Cattle during the past week, and with a fair demand, the prices of the week previous were sustained. Rates ranged from Tc. to 10}c., though most of the sales were made at less than 9c. Cows and calves were in ample supply, with a fair demand at previous rates. The demand for veal calves was dull, and the bulk of the sales made at 3c.a 4c. per pound only. The market was glut- ted w th sheep and lambs, for which there was but @ moderate demand at $2a $4,according to quality. There was but a limited demand for swine, ang prices declined halfacent per pound—the range being 6jc. a 64c. The cotton market yesterday was not, so far as it wax developed, materialiy affected by the Persia’s news. The enies embraced about 1,300 bales, 1,000 of which were reported sold in trarsitu. The market closed quietly, on the basis of quotations given in another columa Tne total receipts at the ports since the Ist September last have reached 3,630,000 bales, against 3,051,000 in 1868, 2,892,000 in 1857, and.3,470,000 in 1856. The total ex porta amount to 2,931,000, against 2,633,000 in 1858, 2,223,000 in 1857, and 2,916,000 in 1856 Toe stock oo hand amounts to 140,0(0 bales, against 118,000 in 1858 85,000 in 1857, 63,000 in 1853, and 149,000 in 1855. roe firmness of holders tended to check sales of flour, while the demand was tair, and State and Western com mon to medium grades were firmer, with fair sales. Wheat was firmer, especially for prime qualities of ew, and the previous day’s prices were decliacd for choice new loty. Corn was more active and firmer. Pork was beayy apd mees lower, while prime was rather firmer, Sales of mess were made at $15, and of prime at $1075 a SU. Beef was eteady and lerd was firmer. pugare were leen buoyant and closed at about one quarter cent per Ib, lower than the highest figures of last week. The sales embraced ahout 1,600 bhds, at rates given in ber column. The chief sales ct coffee were made by ion; of the cuiaogue 3.69% bags Rio were sold at 2 alsige hing a de of aboat 340. per eales, Freighis were steady, but if ish ports were unchanged. lb, below the ergagements to Whe Peace Clouds of Earope—Where Wii the Thunderbolt Strike? The milk of dip!omatic kindness that has been circulating in the political channels between Londen and Paris ever since Lord Derby and ‘he English tories broke up the entente cordiale bas curdled and become sour. France and England are already talking daggers: at each other. An article from the Journal des Débate, which we reprint in another column, gives a marked evidence of the change that has come over the drcams of the twecourts, and closes with a sig- uivcant allusion to the clouds pregnant with electricity, and to the thunderbolt that may fall. It may seem a contradiction of terms, but it may be trutbfully said that the clouis of peace now lower over Europe. The canopy of war that so lately overhung the plains of Northern Italy has broken ap, but the storm clouds have rolled over the Alps, and now envelope the skies of England, France and Germany. Louis Napo- leon pointedly told his army, when he an. nounced the peace of Villafranca, that he stopped the war because it was about to assume pro. portions greater than were counterbalanced by the interest France had in the struggle. It is beginning to be perceived that the Emperor of the French uttered more truth on that occasion than ie usually considered necessary in royal Proclamations, The tories and the Coburg interest in England were secretly but steadily and pertinaciously carrying England into a European contest. They had egged Austria on, until, their game becom: NEW YORK HERALD, | T. ing 400 appasent, the common sense of Eogland ousted the Derby Ministry and left Austria in the lurch. When the new Ministry was to be formed the Queen first sent for Lord Granville; but he could vot meet the conditions required of him. Lord Palmerston, thé lip-liberal, but at heart « tory, then took office, and bis whole course élnce bas thown that be obtained it by making a com- promixe witb the Coburg Court interest. To- getber they have exged Prussia on, in her recent otherwise incomprehensible proceedin, Louis Napoleon saw to its fullest extent the yy that was beng pursued egaiost him, and, sg idieniy making peace with Francis Joseph, he his re- turned to Pari: to meet the rising dangér. He knows full well that war with Prussia ia war with England too. He knows the ambit pirations of the Coburgs, and how they possible, to make England fight their on the Contivent, as she fought the ba‘t¢)of tie despots filty years ago. The storm clouds lower over Europe, tut the power that is conjuring them together ies in Buckingbam Palace, and not in that of St. Cloud, Convinced of this, Louis Napoleon has alfeady taken steps which show that he is determined to meet the evil at its true source. The vitapera- tion that was poured out against him by Lord Lyndhurst, io the House of Lords, has been widely circulated in France. By order of the Emperor it has been pnblished in all the provin- pao, Of cial journals, and has been read to the avuiy and |] “I4eney- in the schools. Already the French press has taken up the word, and the article in the Journi! des Débats above referred to is at once plain and strong. Had it been publiehed in the Moniteur, it would have been as significant as the Emperor’s New Year's salutation to Mons. Hubner. The journal in which it has appeared rerves often as a sort of tender to the more staid official paper. These facts go to show that while the Congress at Zurich discusses the question of peace between France and Austria, the question of war between France and England is to be ventilated else where. With characteristic politeness the French have made their bow to Prussia, saying, “Ex. cuee me, but I will take your master io hand first.” And what condition does England find herself in to meet the immense responsibilities of a war with France, into which her Coburg and her Court interests would plunge her? The war in the Crimea showed the utter imbecility of every branch of ber military system. The campaign in India bas consumed her best war material by completely disorganizing her army. The tea pound bounty grant of Lord Derby failed to pro- cure three thousand swi'ors‘o. ber navy. The aristocratic interest that controls every appotat ment, and is always “taking care of Dowb,” has filled the posts of her army with incapacity. Her bravest and best are condemned to consume their Jives in subaltern stations in the colonies. The crisis of India found Sir Colin Campbell a brigadier and Havelock a colonel, while cour tiers in the ante-chamber and cowards ia the field fill her bighest posts. At home the same tory interest refuses to let her people have arms or to learn their use; and if England were to day invaded, the hundreds of thousands of clodhop- pers that she would call into the field, would only render their own defeat the more certain in pro portion to the greatnees of their numbers, The yeomen of England saved England's em- pire in India, when it was perilled by the inca- pacity of her aristocrate. The common sense of England has now to save her from the rainous policy of her Coburgs and her tories. She has no interest in the dynastic quarrels of the Continent, nor do ber manly sympathies burn to keep down the natural aspirations of the dissatified nationali- ties. Yet this is what her Court interests wieh her to do, and to again sacrifice thousands on thousands of precious Jives, and millions on mil- lions of treasure, as she did in the twenty years of war she waged against France under the Directory and the first Napoleon. Tae Kentucky Execrion anp Tuts Day’s ELECTION IN TENNESSEE.—The retarns thus far received from the Kentucky election are \con- fused, vague and indefinite; but they indicate, upon the whole, the solid occupation of the State by the democracy. We have no doubt that the extreme position assumed by the opposition can- didate for Governor—the position of Congres tional intervention for the protection ef slavery in the Territories—materially weakened his cause We believe that the old line Henry Clay whigs are pretty much the same in Kentucky as in New York and Mastacbueetts, and that this thing of Congressional legislation for slavery fa the Ter- ritories was too much for them ia Kentucky. Indeed, the defeat ot Goggin in Virginia, with a somewhat convincing array of the election re. turne, has been charged to his great mistake of attempting to cut under the democracy as the champion of slavery. In the border slave States the people are not disposed to follow Southern ultra abstractions apy more than they are dis pored to countenance the emissaries of Northern fanaticiem. In Tennessee, where the State and Congres- sional elections come off to day, the opposition bave avoided this extreme ground of a Congres- Fiona] clave code for the Territories, and the re- tults will probably be much better for them than in Kentucky; for Tennessee, like Kentucky, is anything but an ultra fire-eating slave State. With definite returns before us from these two States, we sball be enabled to understand some" what to the purpose the drift of the political tides and currents in the South. We wait for the returns, Trape Sa Bostox—Want oF Bustniss Tact ix Gerrixe Turm Ur.—Some time ago, when there was a trade sale io Boston of all sorts of things, the Bostonians, by way of bringing strangers to their city, proclaimed in the Boston papers that they would make their visits of busi- hees tours of pleasure, and give them excursians all around the barbor, and fée and entertain them at a great expense to the city. The resalt was not attended with the effect expected or de- sired. But now again the same plan is resorted to on the occasion of a book trade sale, and the Boston papers announce great pleasure exenr- sions for strangers, free of expense, by way of inducing them to visit “the City of Notions.”| Now, we will tell the managers of this basi- ress something that would do far more for enterpriee than anything fhey have yet of, and we will not charge them a cent for tecret. If, instead of confining their announce- ments to Boston journals, which are not read put of the city, or at Jeast out of the State, they would advertiee them in the New York papers, which circulate in the West and the South, they would soon fiad out what a marvellous effect this wonld produce. It is strangers they want at their sales, and not the trade in Massachusetts, who know all abont them. To limit the notipes of these sales, therefore, to the Boston papers, is the height of folly, and hows very little busl- pht URSDAY, AUG A ee pees tact on the part of those who have the man- agement of the sale. When the proposed excur- sions are to cost Boston so much, the advertise- ment of them in the New York papers would amount toa mere bagatelle. The Albany Regency and Thetr “Call” of the Democratic State Convention. The “long agony” of the wrangling democra- cy touching the “call” of their State Convention is over. The “call”? bas been agreed upon, in- cluding the vexed question, as will be seen from the proceedings of the Democratic State Central Committee at Albany yesterday, which are be- fore our readers, The importance of these proceedings, in a party senee, may be conjectured from the num- bers of the leading politicians of the different cliques attracted to Albany on this occasion. The gathering, indeed, was more like that of a Presidential State Convention than a meeting of the little committee empowered to appoint the time and place of the usual annual conven- tion at Syracuse. But this extraordinary assem blage on this apparently trivial business was drawn around the charmed circle of Dean Richmond and Peter Cagger, not in regard ‘o the time and place of the annual State Con- vention, por the usual business thereof, but in reference to the New York delegates to Charles- on, and the spoils and plunder of the next Pre- The Astor House Hard Shell Committee, in- cluding Fernando Wood, presented to the State Committee, at a seasonable hour for considera- tion yesterday morning, their proposition of conciliation aud harmony, to wit: that the notice for the annual meeting of the Democratic State Convention be limited exclusively to the elec- tion of the delegates thereto, and to the nomina tions for the State ticket, and to questions of State policy; aud that the choice of delegates to tbe National Convention and the mode thereof be the subject of future consideration. The pleain support of this proposition appears to be a very strong one; and if the State Committee had adopted it, and if the distracting question of the Obarleston delegation had thus been postponed till after our November election, there would nave been an armistice among the factions con verned of a very favorable character for a com: won union against the common enemy. But the State Central Committee, estimating ‘heir power in reference to the Charleston dele gates above any concessions for the sake of har mony in the camp, flatly gave Mr. Wood and hi« associates the cold shoulder, and have submitted in the official cell that “the State Convention is to choove delegates to the National Convention, or to determine the manner in which, and the time when, they shall bechosen.” Ofcourse this simply means that the State Convention will ap- point the Charleston delegates, and that the Al bapy Regepey, possessing all the machinery of the regular State organization, expect to appotat the entire delegation to suit themselves. The plan desired by the Astor House faction was not only the postponement indicated, but the elec tion of the Charleston delegates by the district system, each Congressional district electing its own delegates. Butas this plan would unques- tionably preeent a divided delegation at Charles- ton, beyond the control ofthe Albany Board of Supervisors, they would not listen to it. It may be readily supposed, from this cavalier treatment of the Astor House Committee by the Albany Regency, that the latter consider our ap- proaching State election a foregone conclusion, and that the possession of the Charleston delega- tion in a lamp is of much more importance than any and all compromises for the attempt to re- cover New York in November. It now remains to be seen what course the Astor House party will pursue. They are invited to capitu- late at discretion to the Albany managers; but in doing so, the hards must depend entirely upon the magnapimity of their masters, The policy of making a struggle for the delegates to the State Convention has nothing in it of en couragement to Mr. Wood and his associates. The proceedings of the soft majority last year at Syracuse, on the contrary, are suggestive of a very despotic exercise of authority, which the sufferers will not be desirous of courting agaia. We are informed by telegraph, that while “the Wood men are incensed at the call” of the State Convention, including the business of appointiog the Charleston delegation, “the Dickinson bards approve it warmly.” Has the New York Daily News been flying the flag of Gov. Wise too high? We fear e0; for we cannot otherwise account for this apparent rupture between Wood and Dick inson, But is Mr. Wood, with his favorite, Gov Wise, thus to be driven from the field? Let Tammany Hall and our city election of last De- cember answer that question. There may yei be a basis for democratic harmony in November in an arrangement of our city ticket for Decem- ber; but asa burnt child dreads the fire,” he may ehrink from a second roasting. The Aibany Regency have virtually agreed to sacrifice the State again in November, rather than make any concessions which will prevent them from controlling, as a unit, the vote of New York at Charleston. But in this game they may be defeated. We have had some intimations of @ gracious allowance of a few delegates to the bards; but where the State is virtually given up to the enemy there ceases to be a necessity for any such acts of conciliation. We have been urging the feasibility of a democratic union this fal), with powerful reinforcements from the op- position camps, in a common cause against Sew. ard and his disunion and revolutionary pro- gramme, as the Magnus Apollo of the republicaa party of this State, but we must now await the iseues of this call for the Democratic State Con- vention before we can undertake to promise an, iy fatisfactory arrangements at Syracuse, any hope for the democracy in November or December, or anything in the ebape of «harmonious represen- tation from New York in the Charleston Conven- tion. Another Ratlrond Hecatomb. By reference to the telegraphic intelligence in our news columns to-day it will be seen that a fearful railroad accident has taken place, iavolv- ing the loss of human life to large amount, and the mangling and maiming of numbers of innocent persons, to say nothing of the bereave- ment, the woe and the desolation with which tt visits so many uphappy families. According to the brief account we have re. ceived, the down train of the Northern Railroad, due at Albany at 7:26 on Tuesday evening, was precipitated twenty-five feet over the bridge which spans the Tomhannock. Over thirteer persone are reported to be killed—some drowned, some crushed to death, and some with limbs ~broken on the rocks, A'rcady nine dead bodies had been taken out of the wreck up to eleven o’clock on Tuesday evening, and the number of wounded is placed at twenty. One of the wounded says “he paw a frightful number of UST. 4, 1859, bloody heads around him in the bed of the river.” What is the cause of the frequency of these disasters, which are peculiar to the United States? Along time ago we stated io this journal that from the dishonest system of borrowing money to pay dividends, in order to deceive the public, when the roads were actually losing money, the com- papics would be left without means to keep the roads in repair when the old materials had worn out. And ao it bas happened during the last few years ; one day a bridge breaks down, on another aculvert is demolished by heavy rains, @r an embankment gives way, or portions of the cars themselves fail from long wear and tear, and a catastrophe is the censequence, which -appals the whole country ; for who is it that does not now either travel by railread, or bas not friends travelling from time to time? But nothing effec- tual is done to prevent a recurrence of similar calamities, The Legislatures are either too cor- rupt, or too careless, or too busily engaged in their own pet schemes, to pay any attention to a matter which so deeply concerns the general interests. But there is one remedy, and it is in the hands of the people themselves, or rather we should say, ‘it is in the hands of a more numerous body of representatives of the people than the State Legislatures. We refer to the jurors. It is in their power to punish railroad companies in the only point in which they are either sensitive or vulnerable—their breeches pockets, This is their “tendon Achilles,” where they can be mor tally wounded. It is related in heathen mytho- logy that the mother of Achilles dipped him in the river Styx when he wasa baby, to render bim invulnerable. The only part of his body which the water did not touch was the heel by which sbe held him. Here alone he could be wounded. Now, it is only in their purse that railroad directors can be successfully attacked Let the surviving relatives of the slaughtered and all those who are injured and not killed, be sure to bring actions against them in our courts. The jurors can do the rest. Our readers no doubt will recollect the case of the Great Western Railroad accident, in Ca- nada, ata bridge over the Des Jardins canal, in March, 1857, when some sixty human beings were launched into eternity, and only fifteen persons eecaped. The widow of one of the slain brough! an action against the company, and not only she, but each of the children, obtained heavy damages against the company. From a Boston paper which comes to hand just as we write, we bave learned the gra- tifying result of another suit, brought by a lady who was herself injured on the Boston and Wor cester road. On the first trial a jury awarded her exemplary damages. The directors of the company obtained a new trial, on the ground that the damages were excessive. The next jury greatly increased them, and the direc- tors again obtained a new trial. Again the amount awarded was increased, and now we are informed that the directors, rather than run the tisk of having the damages increased any farther, have consented to pay Mrs. Shaw for the injury eustained upon their road eight years ago the sum of $24,738—the total of the verdict and costs obtained by the plaintiff in the Supreme Court. A few such verdicts as this would bring to their senses men who are entrusted with the safe keeping of the lives and limbs of the travel- ling community, but who are utterly reckless about their charge, and only care how they shall make most money by swindling transactions in the stock of the road. THE LATEST NEWS. Arrival of the Circassian at St. Johns. Sackvitix, N. B., August 3, 1859. We have just received a despatch embracing the news by the Circassian, which arrived at St. Johns, N. F., on the Ist of August, with Galway advices of the 23d ult. ‘The despatch contains nothing later from England than the evening of the 20th, and is entirely anticipated by the arrival of the Persia at New York. - Affairs in Washington. Wasnincton, August 8, 1859, The President bag called a meeting of the Cabinet to-day to consider the despatches from Minister McLane in rela tion to the treaty with the constitutional government of Mexico. - It is reliably ascertained that several months ago the Miramon government invited France and Eoglaad to assume the protectorate of Mexico, but they have given no response to the proposition, The receipts into the Treasury for the last three quar ters of the fiscal year, ending on 1st of July, from cus. toms, lands and miscellaneous sources, were $28,580,000 more than Mr. Cobb’s estimates, Private despatches announce the gerious illness of Se nator Davis, of Mississippi. The Secretary of the Treasury has left Washington for 8 brief visit to his homo in Georgia, The Kentucky Election. Lovrsvirie, Avgust 3, 1359. It is reported that Jefferson county gives a democratic gain of one thousand votes " The Alabama Election. Moniz, August 2, 1859, James A. Stalworth, democrat, has been elected to Congress in the First district, by 3,000 majority; and Slopton, leo democrat, in the Third district, by upwards of 200 msjority. The Colored Men’s Convention in Boston. Boston, August 3, 1859. The Convention of colored men in this city adjourned sine die about ten o’clock last night. The speeches an’ proceedings were not difforent from previous gatherings of that kind, Meeting of the American Dental Convention. NiaGara Faris, August 3, 1859. Tbe fifth annual Convention of the Amorican Dental Association met here yesterday. About sixty members are present. The aeesion today was occupied ia organ izing officers for the ensuing year, as foilows:—Prosi dent—L. W. Rogers, of Utica; Vise President—G, Watt, of Xenia, Ohio; Recording Secretary—Frank Fuller, of Ports. mouth, N. H.; Corresponding Secretary—P. P. Lewis, of Tallahassee, Fia.; Treasurer—S. Chase, of Augueta, Ga. The Convention will remain in session till Thursday. The American Association for the Advance- ment of Science, SPRINGKIELD, Mass , August 3, 1859. ‘The American Arsociation for the Advancement o Science met in this city thie morning. f An address of weloome was given by Mayor Calhoun, which was responded to by Professor Alexander, of Princeton, N. J., President of the association. Scientific men from all parts of the country are present. Neafly every Stats in the Union is represented. Members from Capada and Nova Scotia are algo present. The botels are ali full, and many persons are quartered at Private residences. The meeting promises to be unusually interesting and barmonious. In the afternoon the Association assembled in sections and an interesting paper was read by Piere, of Cambridge, ou the phenomens presented by comets from obeervationn made at different observatories. Conclusions had been arrived at that the comet of 1858 had an atmos- phere, that ite metaihc density was very emall, that its ‘ail was pimilar to the aurora borealie, and that the cur. vature of the tail was produced by its increased motion as it ay the sun Alexander read an abstruse scientific paper upon the jaws for determining the weight of the moon In the evening @ soiree was given!by Hon. George Bliss ‘The Association will continus its session one week. Pi in iF Morgan, of New York, is in town the gaost of fr. 3 eee Banks, of Massachusetts, will be present to- Southern Ocean Mteamcr Movements. anes sat ot SAYANRAH, ADRUBL2, 1860 York, arrived below at 2 PB. Wo aay. aed aint ANOVHER RAILROAD SLAUGHTER, Fifteen or Twenty Persons In- stantly Killed. Culpable Negiigence—A Rotten Bridge Broke Down—Tralp of Cars Thrown Inte the Water—Recklessness of Employes, &., mH. &. Anany, August 3, 1859. A terrible accident occurred on the Northorn Railroad, near Scbaghticoke, last night. Thedown train, due im Alba- by at 7:26 P. M., while paseing over the bridge whiok *pans the Tombapnock, wes precipitated into the oreek below, a distance of twenty to twenty-five feet. the water was about six to eight fect deep. Over tairtecn persons are reported to have been killed. The following are the names, as far.as thoy are known, of the killed ‘and injured:— KILLED, Mrs. Schuyler, of Albany. Mrs, Cooley (wife of the conductor), Albany, Oharles Bertbelon, brakem:n, Albany, Charles Plimpton, mail agent, Vermont. David Russell, express messenger, Albany, Patrick Connolly, trackman, Greenbush. ‘WOUNDED. G. 8, Cooley, conductor, of Albany, badly, Thomas McCarriok, newsboy, right leg broken and otherwise injured. Michael Flanvery, Troy, passenger, bead cut, cheat bruised, and supposed internally injured. ‘The engineer and fireman escaped with slight bruisee. The accident took place about one mile from the viliage of Schaghticoke. The mombnt the train etruck the bridge the structure gave way. The locomotive, however, got across, and became detached from the tender; the latter went down, and the baggage and two passenger cars fol. lowed, The first passenger car went down on the tender, and the second passenger car ran into and keeled over. Most of the dead and wounded have been brought to this Px Troy, N. Y., August 3, 1859 ‘Nine dead bodies had been taken out of the wreck up to eleven o’olock lest evening, and tweuty persons were wounded, while it was though: thut more dead bodice were under the wreck. ‘The following are additional names of injure?:— John Tessorl, of Quebec, badly Arthur Forbes, of Bytowa, Ontario county, net badty, (Varies Perry, of Olaremont,N & G. R. Prentice, of New York city. J. ©. Payne, of Dayton, Ohio, W. S. Harris, of Whitewater, Vis, ‘Thomas Talbot, of New York city. W. G. A. Fuller, of New York city. ADDITIONAL PARTICULARS. ALBANY, August 3—' PM The train consisted of an engine, tener, two baggaze cars and two passenger cars. As tho train veare? tae south side of the bridge the engineer felt the bridge sin ing under him; he instantly threw the throttle valve open, and with mighty strain the macbine puffed, baiked ac instant and then bounded clear of the falling mags. The two baggage cars dashed into the chasm and were crushed to atoms, the tender falling upon the wreck, tho two passenger cars leaped in upon the others, the rear end of the last car resting upon the abutment. ‘The shock of concussion was terrific; the passengers in both cars were buried violently from their seats aud cast together in dead and mangled heaps at the ends, wich went into the water. As soon as possible those who were unburt, or oniy slightly injured, got out from the wreck, and by every means in their power devoted themselves to the rescue of their lees fortunate companions. ‘Word was immediately despatched to Schagbticnke for help, and in a few minutes the citizens of tbat place, har tily providing themselves with means for aiministering tu the necessities of the wounded, hastened in great numbers tothe spot, A hand car was sent to Albany for help. Fires were built of pieces of the wreck and such other fragments as could be procured; a great many Iantera® had been brought to the spot, and then began the meiaa- choly task of looking for the dead, In addition to the names given in the first despatch are the following:— Howard Wright, morchant, 0? Albany; he was the oaly passenger killed. Dennis Cahill, of Albany, an employé of the road, wounded. Jobn Tyson, of Quebec, a ship carpenter, on bis way ts Newark, New Jersey, where he has friends, badly wounded about the head and breast. J. ©. Payne, of Montreal, severe cut on the head. John Dyer, engineer, of Troy, slightly injured. Alexander Forbes, of Canada, bound to California, very badly injured. Charles Perry, of Claremont, N. H., one foot badly crushed. Thomas Talbert, of Rutland, Vt., severely injured about the head and legs.i George F. Baker, of Albany, a compound fracture of the leg. T. T. Williams, of Catskill, N. Y., bruised badly. J.D, Badgley, of the firm of Mouteath & Badgley, of Albsny, slightly injured. Jobn Borland and wife, of Montreal, both xightly in jured, W. J. A. Fuller, of New York; shoulder fractured and badly cut about the bead. Thomas O’Herron, laborer; fracture of the hip and se. vere cut on the ecalp. Hiram Buell, of Schaghticoke; collar bone broken and otherwise badly injured, We were assured by Dr. Z, Lyon, an attending physi- cian, that the wounded will all recover. Conductor Cooley, whose wife and mother-in-law aro among the killed, was conversing with them when toe shock took place. Mrs. Cooley bad her babe on her knee. Mr. Cooley seized the child and clung to the win. dow, while his wife and mother-in law were precipitated into the forward end of the car, which was partially under water, where they drowned. ‘The inhabitants turned out en masse to tho assistance of the wounded, and no exertions on their part are wanting to render all the sufferers as comfortable as posaibie, Coroner Madden, of Troy, held an inquest on the body of Charles Plympton, which resulted in the following VERDICT OF THE JURY. That the ald Charles Plympton came to his death from injuries received by the falling of s bridge on the Albany, Vermont and Caoad® Railroad over the Tomhanvock creek, while eogaged in & regular train of enid railroad as mail agent; and as sald bridge was in a rotten and unsafe condition the Jory be. lieve that those baving churge of said road should be highly censured. STATEMENT OF "MR. FULLER. Scuacuticoxr, N. Y , August 8, 1869. The six o'clock down train of the Albany and Canate Railroad broke through the Tombannock bridge, one mile from the village of Schegticoke. I cannot say how many are killed or wounded, except that T have not seen asingle man who has escaped injury. The water is about three feet deep at the place where I was taken out, and the river has a rocky bed. The man beneath me was drowned; the man on top of me hed his leg broken; I scom. to bave escaped without any broken limb, aithough T have received @ severe contusion in the back of my head: and I fear my left shoulder is dislocated. al” thongh I have some abrasious of the skin in variona Places, and my system !* lames conaiderably, yet T hope to come round all right iu « few da: 1 gm comfortabty ared for at the Schagticoke Hotel. Ihave boer whotly unable to ascertain the nates of any persons kilied oF wounded, but I saw » frightful number of bloody heade about me in the bed of the river. The bridge is a single ‘span of about one hundred feet, atihe height of twonty-fre or thirty feet above the river. A train has brought up the Killed and wounded to thie place. I dictate this despatan in bed. ‘ ‘ OUR ALBANY CORRESPONDENCE. ALBANY, Angust 3, 1859. ‘The consternation and excitement coneeqnent upon the slaughter of several persons and the maiming of man; others on the Northern Railroad yesterday afternoon exceeds anything witnessed here daring many yours. The bridge that broke down had been pronoanced imso- cure many months previous, It war of light timvora, tressiiated, but too weak to sustain a train of cars, ‘The engineers have been compelled to exercise extreme ow- Von in passing over it for a jong time; and aitbough being condemned by architects and others experienced in ratl. roading, the directors and the Managing superintendent have permitted people to be conveyed over it until it be become demolished and Causing the loss of many vaiusble buman lives. ‘The engine Mteolt barely excaped; but the tender af.