The New York Herald Newspaper, July 4, 1859, Page 4

a NEW YORK HERALD. JaB@Ee GORLOF venasnree, DITO? AND PROPRIETOR OF 08 HW. DORNER OF FLOR at WABsA OTS. ‘ dwanos. _itoney ahi will b6 os te e6Eo 'ncler” Prange stamps’ sot ratdead na pahaoripties THE Dali BBRALD we conte per sovy, 0 20 P WEEKLY HERALD. wory Suvorday Peay per annum, the Burvpoan Edinon Ll c hth b Tatvrmio Bono he th nt tho” 2ch < sopy, or $3 per onmam. + allo, 184 IN, Rrondway,— Afternoon ~Piz ARRO— ee Wit iven! —Lowsay AnD SOX—BODERE Macarmn. | THBATKE, sowery.—ANernoon—MiLLER OF Patt le ar Baresi —Siack BLoxowes. Byeulag— Mure or New Jxesex—OUR Gal—Magio Teourat— Kaave or Bani. ROPOLIT SON THBAT SE (Cate Burtoe's)—Afernooa— Sere a bos—SKeTones IN INDIA—DEew as 4 Post. WaLllaCk’S THKATER, Brosdway.— Tat” tris ‘Hos- BAR-d. LESSON FOR HUB s NDS. URA KEENW'S fHRATRE, No. 634 Broadway—Aftor- Pa yt Younc Wire. Eveving—#4ssa- wie.0-To Cauicr Banson. ONAL THRAT&B, Obstham stren —Aftern00n— Bien Bean orwikk—MOyKGY AND His Miave. Even- <11k OF BRanvYwirs—Doms Savoranp—Status ing Lovey SABNUM'S AMERICAS MUSEUM, Rroadway.—Morn foe at WX OClomk Witnon OF TUR GLEN. ARermonA Bt Zang 4-ip10r Wirnass—'Twas {. Aveving as 6 and 5— Tax Mea Wau. WOOws AUVSTREL BULLYING, 661 and 963 Broadwav— Aftercoon and vening—Sre1orux Sones, Daxoes, 40.— Dangies On Tae LEBVS. BRY ANTS M.NSTRELS, MECH + AIO HALL, 637 Brond- wav. -Aivynoon snd Kvening Negro Sones xp Bur- RAN APALY. York, Monday, July 4, 1850. QUE MAP OF THE SEAT OF WAR. We will publish in the Hkranp on Wednes- day—a triple sheet—a splendid map of the seat of war in Italy, drawn and engrayed ex- pressly for these columns, showing all the important points, lines of communication and positions of the hostile armies, rendered me morable in the great struggle now going on in the historic Peninsula. Accompanying the map we will furnish a complete history of the war from its commencement down to the present time, together with two smaller maps of important battles. Just at this moment, when the hosts of the beili- gerent nations are drawn up as it were face to face, concentrated for a terrific conflict, this map will prove of the utmost value to the public, en- abling them, as it will, to follow the course of the war accurately in its future as well as in its past aspects. TAILS FOR THE PACIFIC. Hew York Herald—Caltfornia Edition. ‘The United States mail steamsnip Mores Taylor, Captain MoeGowan, will leave this port to-morrow sfternoon, st two » clock, for Aspinwall. ‘The mails for California and other parts of the Pacific ‘Will close at one o’ciock to morrow afternoon, ‘The New Your Wxruty Hmestp—Calirornia edition— Sontaining the latest intelligence from all parts of the worid, wil) be published at ten o'clock in the morning. Singie copies, in wrappers, ready for mailing, six centa. Sgonta will please send im their ordere as carly as pos ible. The News, The Vanderbilt arrived yesterday morning, with European news to the afternoon of the 22d ult., four days later than the accounts previously re- ceived. There is nothing especially important from the seat of war in Italy. All parties were actively preparing for another great combat, the intelligence of which was momentarily expected to reach Lon- don when the steamer sailed. A complete and correct list of the members of the new British Ministry has been received, to- gether with their addresses to their constituents, which in some degree foreshadow the policy of the administration. It will be seen that Mr. Richard Cobden’s name is not in the list. The Marseilles papers state that the Egyptian Ministry had suspended the Suez canal works. The French Consul had offered his mediation in the matter. The condition of affairs on the Continent had caused considerable fluctuation in public securities in London. The latest quotations for consols are 924 a 923. The Liverpool cotton market was quiet, without change in pricey, while a slight improvement inthe demand for breadstuffs and provisions is reported: ‘The steamship Cahawha arrived last evening, with advices from Havana to noon of the 29th ult. They contain little of importance. The health ofthe city continued good, with but little sickness in the har- bor. Two cargoes of coolies, numbering 930, had just been lanced, and other cargoes of the same sort were daily expected. The sugar market was dull, and freights less active and declining. The Cahawha brings $176,000 in specie. Our correspondent at Cardenas, writing on the ‘24th ult., says:—On the 19th inst. 412 coolies landed here from the Italian bark L’Abito, and twenty” seven died on the passage from Calcutta. They look well, and we know from their countrymennow here that they are good laborers. The quantity of sugar in warehouse is trifling, and molasses is get- ting scarce. Vessels are leaving in ballast. The port ie healthy, and so isthe whole island. Quiet pervades all classes. A rumor is prevalent here that if the war in Europe should become general Spain will assuredly join France. By the arrival of the schooner Arcade, Capt Carl, atthis port yesterday, we have news from Aux Cayes, St. Dumingo, to the 20th ult. Everything ‘was quiet throughout the republic, and extensive preparations were in progress at Aux Cayes to re- ceive President Geffrard, who was expected there in a few days for the express purpose of reducing the export duty on coffee. Business was very dull, but a revival was predicted when the new crop came in. We have accounts from Belize, Honduras, to the 14th ult. The reports that the English government ‘was about to surrender its claim to the Mosquito protectorate hyd created considerable uneasiness among the British mahogany cutters, while, on the other hand, the Honduranoes were elated at the prospect. The mahogany yield this year will, it is said, be the most productive ever known, and the Tum and sugar crop has been very fair. Business ‘Was very dull, and a large fleet of vessels was in the harbor waiting cargoes. The provision market was overstocked. But few liquor shops kept open doors yesterday, as ‘will be seen by our reportin another column. The la ger beer saloons were principally, however, open the proprietors taking the ground that Inger is not an intoxicating beverage, and that it is no violation of law tosell it on Sunday. Mr. Pillsbury, the new Police Superintendent, bas not signified what action he shall take upon the matter of enforcing the Sun- @ay laws. The general’ closing of the liquor sa. loons yesterday was in conformity with a recent order of Deputy Superintendent Carpenter. During the past week there were 59 admissions to the City Hospital, 51 discharged or relieved, 7 died, and 261 remaiping on July 1. Of that number 223 are males and 42 females. ‘The balloon Atlantic, which started from St. Louis on Friday on a voyage to tho seaboard, landed near Troy yesterday. We have received no parti- culars of the trip nor of its termination. From the mass of correspondence that has eee reached us within the Jast few days, and for all of whioh we could not find room in our columns, we have made such a compilation 48 embraces all tho points of interest contained in such communica- tions and as may prove interesting to the general reader. It will be found elsewhere in our columns. The steamship Star of the South, Captain Lyons, which left Savannah on the 29th ult., arrived at this port last evening. She re. ports breaking her connecting shaft on Friday night last, but continued her course undor sail until Saturday night, when she was struck by light- ning, which shattered her fore topmast and fore topgallant mast, and finally expended itself in the ice-house, doing considerable damage, but nothing serious, except badly wounding one of the crew: None of tho passengers wore injured, and the ship was found to be perfectly sound after the stroke. About two o'clock yesterday afternoon tho Ca- hawba came up with the Star of the South, twenty miles to the southward of Sandy Hook, and took her in tow and brought her safely into port. The Most Rey. Archbishop Hughes preached yes- terday in St. Peter’s church, Barclay street. Having understood that the theme of his discourse was to be the temporal sovereignty of the Pope, one of our reporters was on hand to make a ver- batim report of the sermon. The whole and sole fabric of the sermon was, however, the reiteration and enforcement of the Catholic dogma that the Roman Church is the Church of Christ, and that outside of that mystical body there is no Chris- tianity. The Archbishop glanced but once at the idea of temporal power and richos and prosperity, and that was in connection with the poverty and backwardness of Catholic countries, and in doing so he cited the case of Satan tempting Christ by offering him all the kingdoms of the earth. The Archbishop, however, did not enlarge on the illus- tration, seeing perhaps that it would give room for the remark that Satan was more successful in similar experiments with the successors of St. Pe! some centuries afterwards. In the afternoon large congregation assembled at St. Peter's church, ent firmation to about four hundred and fifty children. The cottoa market coptinved firm on Saturday, with Fales of about 1,600 balee, one third to ou» half of which was in transit. Prices closed on the basis of about 11540. ®113¢0. for middling uplands. Fiour was ia fair domand without change of iroportance tn pricen. There continued to be some demand for export. Wheat was quiet and prices unchanged, Corn was firm, though prices were @ithout aiveration of moment. Rye and barley were quiet, ana quotations the same, Pork was Leavy and lower, witb salen of mea at $16, and of prime at $12 50, Beef and lard wore dull, and eales light. In sugars the salea were trifling in amount, and prices unohangod- Messrs. R. L. & A. Stuart’s prices for thoir refined goods, entablished to-day, will be found in agotber column, Coffee was quiet and eales limited. Freight engagements wore light and rates unaltered. To Liverpool, 1,000 bbls, rosin were taken at 734d., and cotton to Glasgow at 3-16d., and staves to London at 77s. 6d. he News from the War—Brllllant Actions of Garibaldi. The news from the seat of war in Italy, re- ceived by the Vanderbilt, which arrived at this port yesterday, brings us intelligence from that quarter up to the 21st of June, No important ac- tion had then taken place between the main armies of the belligerents, but they were taking up such positions as would render a terrible combat in- evitable in a short time. Francis Joseph had placed himself at the head of his army and es- tablished his headquarters at Villa Franca, a point on the railroad line between Verona and Mantua, almost in the centre of the great strate- gic quadrangle. The French, under Louis Napo- leon, occupied Brescia, almost in a direct line weat of Peschiera, the northwestern defence of the quadrangle, and connected with it by the rail- road from Vienna to Milan; while Victor Ema- nuel, with the main body of the Sardinian army, was near tho little village of Castegaaw, a Rw miles from Brescia. The Allied forces then, were concentrated in full strength at one point, while the main body of the enemy, with the Austrian Emperor commanding in person, were awaiting their attack in the very heart of their strongest defences. Ere this, perchance, the shock of war has been felt between the Mincio and Adige, and Austrian dominion in Lombardy may have re- ceived a fatal and a final blow. It was believed in Europe that, although the French army, in accordance with the pledges of Napoleon, would not follow up the campaign beyond the borders of Italy, should the Austrians be driven out, that the revolution. ary armies raieed in all quarters of the penin- sula, and now being further augmented by the efforts of Klapka and Kossuth, would, in conjunc- tion with the Sardinians, carry the war into Aus- tria itself, and there strike at the root of the Hapeburg tyranny. Should such an event trans- pire—and it seems not improbable—the mobiliz- ed army of Prussia, the army of the Germanic Confederation, and the soldiers of every State in Germany, would be instantly in the field, and we should soon behold the terrific spectacle of all Europe battling upon every frontier on the Con- tinent. Turning our eyes from the position of the main armics in the centre of Lombardy, if we look to- wards the north we will see the indefatigable Ga- ribaldi, who seems to be the omnipresent hero of the campaign, gallantly striving hand to hand with the Austrians, and at all points, whereso- ever he meets them, achieviag something for the cause of Italy. In the first days of the struggle we find him pouncing down with his small band of guerrillas upon Varese and Como, capturing those cities from the enemy, and pushing on in the direction of the Tyrol as far as Sondrio, raising the whole country into insurrection, and strengthening his forces aa he goes. Now, over- whelmed by superior numbers, which come fresh upon him by railroad from Brescia, then beld by the Austrians, he is forced to retire step by step to the shores of Maggiore, leaving behind him the morale of his victories, Rallying at Laveno, he dashes back upon his foes and compels them to evacuate all the positions they had retaken, and again obtains possession of the line of country commanding a portion of the mountain passes from the north. Again we find him greeting the Emperor and the King within the walls of Brescia after their capture of the Lombard capital, and, after a brief consultation, betaking himself back to the scene of action in the north, where he again encounters the Austrians on the Chiese, and again obtains a victory. The last accounts represent him as throwing a bridge over the Chicee, near Castenedomo, with a view to keep open a communication with Brescia. Here the Austrians—under General Urban, we presame— attacked him in force, but were driven back, having first succeeded in blowing up Garibaldi’. bridge. Meantime, Victor Emanuel despatched Cialdinf, the Sardinian General, to support Garibaldi, whereupon the Austrians withdrew from Castenedomo. The Austrians seem resolved to hold the passes leading through the Tyrol at all hazards, which, in a strategic point of view, are essential to them We learn that they have occupied the Stelvio pass, where they have a strong force of artillery, and are constructing entrenchments, But we may expect a smart brush in that quarter before long, for come three thousand French troops are NEW YORK HERALD, MONDAY, JULY 4, 1859, I ee on the march to dislodge the enemy foom the | Stelvio, | Thus stood the war up to the 2let of Juana The next steamer will probably bring intelli- | genoe of the most terrible battle of modera times | in which the three sovereigns of France, Sar- | dinia and Austria will doubtless meet face to | face upon the bloody field, There is one importaat point In the news by the Vanderbilt, and that isthe course Victor Emanuel has declared he would pursue towards the States of the Church, He has refused to so- cept of the dictatorship of thecitizens of Bologna, und sent a special aidedecamp to the Pope assuring him that be will respeot the neatrality of the Papa! States and guarautes the indepen- dence of the peninsula of Italy. This is perhaps tha wisest course he could adopt under the circum- stances. It is beyond his power to suppress the revolutionary spirit which the cities of the Papal States seem so rapidly catching, as it were by iu- fection, from thore of Lombardy and the neighdor- ing duchies; but by not encouraging it ne will allay much of the fears for the temporal sove reignty of the Pope which are now rife, aod which seem to have caused no litile alarm ia ecclesiastical circles, and to have engendered a hostile feeling towards the just cause ia which the Allied armies are engaged. Sexazon Brown, ov Mississiver, at Agars.—Our readers, especially those of tho democratic church, will remember the very re- warkable speech made sometime ago in Tam- many Hall by that facetious Mississippi fire” eater, Senator Brown. We perceive, from our Southern exchanges, that he bas been at it again, in the same peculiar vein of Southeru democratic independeuce, among the people of Missiasippi— thut he bas thus given “utterance to the opinion that Mr. Buchanan, Gen. Cass, Mr. Toucey, Mr, Bright, Mr. Dickinson, and the whole Nortbera democracy, except a small Spartan band, are un- reliable on the queetion of the right of Souther: men to the protection of their property (slaves) ja the common Territories.” In another of these bome speeches, delivered at a barbecue, Mr. Brown is represented as having said that— ‘The democratic pariy was being aboiltionized. It re fused to acknowledge ihe duty of Congress to protest slavery iu the Territories, He proclaimed that the only hope of tie Sourbern demooracy was Lo mate a fight in ths Charleston Convention—to go there determine’ to hava their views incorporaved in the Breed of the p .rty, or bur: ‘ne concern up inarow. He had no doubt, as they had heretofore controlled the party on ali great qaestionz, thas tue Northern free soil clement would yield iu graoeful sud- mission again. If it did uot, why then apply tha toroh to ~ great temple of democracy, and blow the concern to ders, In reply to these aforesaid charges against the administration, the Jackson Mississippian comes up to the defence of the President; whereupon the Chazleston Mercury zealously undertakes to prove the correctness of the declarations of Mr. Brown. Thus, the Mercury reverts to that exploded humbug “of a compromise recently made between the President and Douglas, on the terms of his ignoring the repudiation of the Dred Scott decision,” and to the “open reconciliation with Walker, the right hand man and staunch friend of Douglas,” and says that “preparations are making to whitewash Douglas in the Charleston Convention] by com- promising and betraying the territorial rights of the South.” Now, while Mr. Buchanan has unquestionably given offence to our Southern fire-eaters, filibus- ters and African slave traders, from this inflexi- ble adhesion to his constitutional duty of seeing “the laws faithfully executed,” we dare say that among the sober, sensible, law-abiding people of the South, as smong the same powerful classes of the North, the course of the President in re- gard to filibustering, slave trading and nullifica- tion is heartily approved. The administration, on the other hand, would be justly subject to public contempt if it could descend for a mo- meut to the loose, disorganizing and lawless policy suggested in the fire-eating and filibuster- ing speeches of such restless Southern agitators as Senator Brown. With regard to the Charleston Convention, should these Southern disorganizers there “ap- ply the torch to the great temple of democracy, and blow the concern to flindera,” we think that the Union might possibly survive the explosion. Nay, more: it is possible that with the blowing up of the “great temple of the democracy” this rotten and corrupting party convention system of malting Presidents will be succeeded, on all sides, by a better state of things, Certainly, from the three highest candidates out of four of five from an independent popular election, the House of Representatives at Washington will be as competent to choose a satisfactory President as any irresponsible body of political gamblers and loafers under the name of a national party @nvention. Finally, we would admonish Mr. Brown, that unless he and his fellow fire-eating and filibustering agitators of the South make up their minds to fall back at Charleston behind the strong entrenchments of the administration, the democratic party will be blown “to flinders.”” Tse New Brrrisy Mivisrry.—tIn another column will be found a list of the new Palmer- ston administration, with such evidences of their views on the foreign and domestic policy of Eng- land as are to be gleaned from their addresses to their constituents, The men who compose the Cabinet in the new list are, it will be seen, with a couple of exceptions, the same whose names we gave the other day. In place of Mr. Cobden we find Mr. James Wilson substituted as President of the Bourd of Trade, whilst Mr. Cardwell goes as Secretary to Ireland. The omission of Mr. Cobden’s name from the Ministry will strike every one with surprise, aa it was generally uo- derstood that he had been offered and had ac- cepted a place in it. We see by the Gazette that the appointment of Mr. Wilson to this office is merely a provisional one, 80 that Mr. Cobden is Probably still hesitating as to whether he will take it, Should this explanation turn ont to be the correct one, and Mr. Cobden finally de- cline to make part of Lord Palmer- ston’s administration, it will be an indi- cation that its programme in connection with Parliamentary reform is not deemed satisfactory by the Manchester men, Although they will support the government in its foreign policy, they may not fee) disposed to compromise their position on the great question with which they are identified by accepting office in a Ministry in which strong differences of opinion must prevail in regard to it. On the Italian question but little is to be gleaned from the eleetioneering professions of the new Ministers. They all declare themselves in fa- vor of the strictest neutrality without committing themrelves to any further specific views. ° At this early stage of its existence it is not, of course, to be expected that the administration should launch out into any premature statements of its policy. The circumstances under which it comes into power are, however, we think, a sufficient guarantee that it will offer no obstacles to the establishment of Italian independence. bls #: ay, uot 8¢ monarchs generally acquire Ratway Homowss im Vonove avy Ase their eway—by deeds of violenoey ba posacssed | RicaAe—The recent fearful #auyhter ou the Mis the land in peace, that land which has now beew | chigan Southern Railroad is suggestive of yrave for ages the patrimony of St Peter.” Those | reflection aa to ébe biybly oriminal management who know European history, or who bave read | of railroads throughout the country. our article on Salurday, giving an account of | By referring to tables regntarly kept to tote Pepin—ut the instigation of the Pope—conquer- | office, we flud the aumber of persons Killed aod ing the Lombards ix bloody battles, takiag their | wounded by railroad accudeuta: daring tie lac territory from them and giving it to his Holiness, | six yeas und a hall iv tue United Siutes re- ud of the repetition of the operation by the | corded as follows, aud contrasting very uufavor same King when they afterwards revolted, | ably with similar tabice for Hurope:—~ and of their third subjugation by Charlemagne, ci when they revolted # second time, will hardly be- lieve that they are reading the statement of an educated man, as Dr. Leaby undoubtedly is. The Pope got his dominiers precisely by “deeds of violence;” and we could easily show, if we bad room in an editorial article for such details, that “the patrimony of St. Peter,” as it is ludi- orously called, bas ever since been the cause of more bloodshed than any other kingdom ia Ea- rope. There is fraud us well as violence st the en nent The Revelustonasy Movements in the Papal Mantes, From the intelligence received from Europe by ‘be Envoria, which we published yesterday, #n@ by the Venderbilt, which we publish to-day, we lenrp that the Best movement of revolt in the Papal States, of which we bad pews a week ago, hes seeumed formidable proportions, and tbat from Bologna tbe flame of revolution has ex tended to Ravenna, Rimini aud other cities in the Papal domivious, This turns out exactly ax we predicted on Tuerday last, Not only have the Anstrians been compelled to evacuate the priveipel cities and fortresses in the States of the Church, bat the people have arisen in these places and deciared for the national cause. The Pope bas sent his Swiss birelings to Perugia to put down rebellion, not trusting to his Italian eub- jects or Jtalinn roldiers to fight for him. But how little chance can this handful of mercenarios bave agwinst the people, now thatthe Austrian ‘egione are out of the way? Were it not for the ‘The killed and wounded by similar accides: England, France, Belgiam ard Germany, dariag the six years from the beginning of 1850 to the close of 1855, only amounted to the falluwing figuree:— presence of French troops Rome itself would be | }.:tom of the Pope’s title; for whem the Greek Killea. Wounaat. now revolutiouized, and the Pope would have | vinyeror, to whom the ex-arohale helonged be- ce a been sgain an exile at Gueta or some other | sry it was conquered by the Lombards, claimed 7 "its stronghold of Naples, Napoleon holds the dogs | ix; restivucion from Pepin, the irench King i = of revolution in his leash; he bus only to Wt! ota yo earthly reason could induce him to} Toul......... phaerticten a7 14% This shows a fvarfal balance of bomicidea against the railroad companies of the United States, Twice and a holf as many killed and nearly thrice as many wounded here ag in four great countries of Europe, each of two of thea greatly exceediog the American republic ia population, and one of them being at least quai toit in the number of inhabitants, How is this to be explained? What have the raiiwsy directors to say for themscives iu reply to this indictment? What reason is there that more lives should be lozt by railroads bere thas in any country of Europe with the same popula tion? None whatever. Now, the loss of lie and limb is about twelve times aa great here os it is in the coun!ries of Europe wheu the com- patative population is taken into the acoousd No sophistry can get over thes damoing fics In Europe the railroad companies are compolica tohave a railway policc stationed aloay this lines, a man to each mile, to guard against das- ger, and the railroads are also feaced iu If ovr railroad companies were compelled to tate t game precautione, the number of lives lost wor foon be reduced. One or two cowpanies have establishedfeuch watchmen or wardeas, but it ought to he made obligatory on all. Aud lawe ought also to be passed making ita crimiaal offence on the part of the directors to negioo the means of preventing homicides, and alse fixing at a very high figure the damages to 04 awarded to families for the loss of relatives, aad to the wounded for the loss of army, or lege, o« other serious injary. Some such severe aad stringent measures are absolately necessary for the protection of the travelling public agaiuet the cold-blooded and heartless murders whiog are eo frequently perpetrated under the name of “railway accidents,” them leose, and Rome is either once more a re- public or bss pronounced for King Victor Emanuel. But the time has not yet come for re- yolution at Rome. We are informed, by a correspondent of the Paris Univers, that the French Emperor sent back @ deputation from Bologna, which visited him after the revolution of that city, bidding them obey their eovereign the Pope, and to remember tbat he (Napoleon) had not come into Italy to lessen the Pope’s power, but to make it reepected. Coupled with this there is “fg romor” that a deputation had gone from Bolegna to the Pope to ask his pardou for the recent revolt, News comivg from such a seurce is to be taken with a grain of salt. The Univers is very doubtful authority on a matter in which “ the wich is father to the thougut.” But if deputation hes gone from Bologna to the Pope, it perbaps speaks only for itself, or for a very small fraction of the people. And if Na poleon has given the answer to the Bolognese deputation which he is represented to have given, it is evidently suggested by prudence in preeent exigencies, and it is no indication of his intentiona as to the future. His designs may eurely be better determined from his deliberate address to the people of Italy, after the victory of Mageuta, published’by his own authority, thaa from any vague hearsay conversation reported without « voucher for ite authenticity. In that addreee—an address to the whole Italian people witbout distinction—he says that he had come “to render free the most beantiful Jand in Eu- Tope, and_that no obstacle ehould be raized to the free manifestation of their legitimate wishes.” If this is not telling them that they may choose their own rulers or their own form of government, there ia no meaning in language. From a correspond- ence of the British Ambassador it appears that Nopoleon promised at Alessandria, in reply to a message from the Pope, that “he would reapect the neutrality of the Pope’s dominions as long as it was reepected by the Austrians.” Just so. But the Austrians have not respected it at all, and the Vienna correspondent of the London Zimes says that “recent events show that the neutrality of the domains of the Church is not likely to bo respected by tho Emporor of France.” But the best key to thedesigns of Napoleon is the denunciation which he {s receiving from the Catholic bishops in Vienna, Ire- land, and New York—from the very dignita- ties of the church who, at the time of the coup d'état and as long as he appeared to short-sight- ed and narrow-minded ecclesiastics likely to be a despotic monarch, ruling the people with a rod of iron and repressing the outbursts of hu- men liberty around him, were loud in their praise of the “Catholic Prince”? In this country, from Brownson’s Review down to the meanest little sheet, the Catholic press defended his acts and covered him with laudations. Bio- graphies of the most enlogistic kind were issued by the Catholic publishers, and the altars re- sounded with prans and hosannahs to his name. He was almost deified, and had he died then, be- fore he falfilled his mission, he would have been probably canonized and enrolled in the calen- dar of the saints, This is all changed now. On Saturday we adverted to the fulminations of the organ of Archbishop Hughes. In the news from Europe which we publish to-day there is a still more re- markable manifesto from a Catholic bishop in Ireland, who follows his primate in the metropo- lis, as no doubt other bishops in this country will follow their metropolitan in New York. Dr. Leahy—for that is his name—asks, “What sove- reign in Europe can plead a better title to his dominions than the Holy Father to his?” We answer none, for all their titles are not worth “a red cent.” They are founded either in force or fraud—not in the will of the people—and the Pope’s is to be classed in the same category with the rest. The Bishop of Cashel says it is more sncfent than any other, and that the Pope got his kingdom entirely by peaceable means. How, In the face of the Catholic historians, which he must have read, this Catholic prelate could make euch an assertion, is beyond our comprehension. Certain it is that he calculated largely upon the ignorance and credulity of those to whom he addressed his pastoral. All who know anything of history know that King Pepin, in 755, conferred upon the Pope his tem- poral dominions, and that before his time there were numerous kings and kingdoms in Europe. As ior “the tiara with its triple crown,” which Dr. Leaby says graced the Pope’s brow centuries and centuries before any of the kiagdoms rose into which Europe is now partitioned, he labors under @ grave historicul mistake. The first Pope who ever caused himself to be crowned ‘was Damascus II., in 1053. And will Dr. Leahy pretend that no kingdom of Europe rose before that time? It was a mere cap which was worn by Damascus. John XIX. first encircled ft witb @ crown, in 1276. Boniface VIII. added a second crown in 1295, and Benedict XIL, in 1334, added the third crown, thus forming the triple tiara, Surely Dr. Leaby does not mean to say that none of the present kiogdows of Enrope existed before that time. The kisg doms of France, Spain, England and Germauy aroee long before, to say nothing of the kinys of his own nation; Brian Boru, who wos crowued at Tara in 1002; Malachi, who wore the collar o! gold in the ninth century; Niall, of the Nine Hos tages, who flourished in the fourth century; Con, of the Hundred Battles, who reigned in the se- cond; and Ollamh Fodbla, who lived 1,000 yeare before any Pope was beard of. Where are the crowns of these kings now? Where the crown of the Popes will soon be forever. he argu- ment from antiquity, therefore, does not serve. “Bat,” rays Dr. Leoby, “the Pope acquired toke back tbe donstioa from the Pope, as he had given it to bim for the salvation of his soul. Thus the conslderstioa held out was a fraudu- teut repreeentation, and on that ground the Pope’s title ia null and void, Several times there have been two Popes together woging war againet each other, and for seventy years, in the fourteenth century, the seat of the Pope was removed from Rome to Avignon, ip France. What, then, became of his tile? Napoleon I. disposed of the Pope’s do- minion in the same manner in which it was acquired—by the right of the strongest, the only right of Kings or Popes which bes any va- lidity. “But,” replies Dr. Leaby, “that monarch died iu exile, in a distant little island, which wes the visible ponishment of heaven on bie sacrilege and usurpation.” If to be in exile und to die there be a mark of Divine vengeance, what sball be eaid of St. John, who wrote the Apocalypse when an exile in the island of Pat- mos; and of Hildebrand (Gregory VIL), the most distinguished aud greatest of all the Popes, who diced in exile at Salerno, a city of Naples, whither he waa, drivea by the German Emperor Henry IV, after a bloody struggle which lasted for many years? Louis Napoleon is not the man to be scared by absurd prognostications of his dying in exile, or such other bugbears which cannot frighten even children in the present age. Atter the exile of Napoleon I. the Pope’s only title deed is the atro- cious treaty of Vienna. By numerous events during the last thirty years that treaty has been nullified, and by the present war it is torn to atoms. By the revolution in 1848 the Pope lost his crown for eighteen months. For its partiai restoration he is indebted to the cannon. and bayonets of the present Emperor of the French, holding it from bim ever since only on sufferance and as bis vareal. Let Napoleon ILL only with- draw his troops from Rome, and what then be- comes of ihe throne and title of the Pope? How Prisoners ARE SENBENCED IN THE Genera Szsstoxs,—As will have been seen by our report of the proceedings of the Generai Sessions, the June term of the Court was br ought toaclose by the sentencing of prisoners whe had been convicted of various offences durisg the present month, the majority of whose cases, however, might have been finally adjudicat ‘d at the time of their conviction, We took pleasurs afew days since in noticing the fuct that Dis- trict Attorney Waterbury and Judge Russi were making strenuous exertions to secure the prompt administration of justice to parties ac- cused of crime, and as we are anxious that every obstacle to the accomplishment of that desira- ble result should be speedily removed, we would call attention to the mode in which crimiuals are dieposed of by the co-ordinate branch of thia Court, namely, the practice of remauding pwisoa- ers for sentence till the last Saturday of she term, instead of sentencing them on the spot, where no good reason exists for suspending the immediate infliction of the punishment due to the offences of which they were pronounced guilty bya jary. This has grown to be a great nuisance, and should be remedied without delay. It is true that in the days of Recorder Riker all the prisoners convicted during the term were sentenced together; but the rapid increase of Population, and cohsequently the great increase of crime, render it ‘necessary to administer the law with promptness and energy. Tie evil of which we speak is 0 great that prisoners have a better chance of eseaping from the custody of the officers than they would have if such a Jarge number were not unnecessarily detained in the Tombs before conveying them to their final des tination; and, what is still of more consequence, justice would be administered more inielligentiy perhaps than itis at present. There were over forty prisoners brought up for sentence in the Sessions on Saturday, a large mujority of whom ought to have been sentenced when convicted; for it is obvious that a presiding Judge can im- pose @ sentence much more noderstandingly when all the facta and circumstances attendia 4 the case are fresh in his memory than amid the bustle and excitement of a crowded court room. Tae Fovrta or Jury—Rusu or Gormamrres ovT or, AND or Rustics mnro, THE Crry.—Every Yourth of July presents a strange metamorphosis in the personnel of our population. Citizens, with their wives and families, avail themselves of the national holiday to get ont of the noise, and beat, and uproar of New York, and into the comparatively quiet and cool retreats which the country affords; while, a8 asort of compensating movement, the country people bring their wives and daughters, who are tired of green meadows, and quiet brooks, and shady groves, into the metropolis, to see the public buildings, and churches, and Fifth avenue palaces, and to wit- nees the grand fireworks displays which our very liberal Common Council provides for them at the public expense. Of course, when the “ Glorious Fourth” happens to be within a day of Sunday, and thus two holidays come after each other, as is the case this year, the exodus of our citizens and the ingress of our country cousins become proportionately greater. We learn that the rush out of town yesterday was unprecedentedly large, and almost be- yond the power of the railroad companies and steamboat proprietors to accommodate. On the Harlem Railroad the pressure was kept up all day, crowds of people who could not get on board one train waiting patiently at the depot forthe next or a snbse- quent train to start. And so it was with the other railroads having their terminus in New York, and with the steamboats plying up the Sound acd the Hudson and down the pay. All went out filled to their utmost capacity, while the return trains almost made up the deficit by dranghts from the rural districts, The Brooklyn Yacht Club went out in full fleet, bound down the bay for a three days’ cruise. In fact, there was a great perturbation in our social atmosphere, Crinoline is transfer- red to the quiet lanes and lakes and rivers, while Jast year’s fashions are proudly worn by our country belles on Broadway and the avenues, Welcome the exchange. Let the torpedoes ex- plode, the pistols and muskets keep up a conti- nuous rattle, the Catherine wheels rotate, and the rockets chase each other through the fiery tky, for the delight and gratification of our coun- try visiters. Hurrah for the Fourth! Tue Pennsyivanta Democracy.—We have he- fore us a copy of the address of the State Com- mittee of the Pennsylvania regular democracy, issued the other day from Harrisburg. It is signed by Robert Tyler (eon of ex-Presidont John Tyler) as chairman, and the document bears throughout the evidences of a constitu- tional political pleader of the Old Virginia school. On the great eubject of squatter sove- reignty the committee contend substantially that should the necessity arise it will become the duty of Congress to interpose against the “anfriendly legiclation” of the local authorities of a Terri- tory on the subject of slavery so that the righte of slavebolders may be duly protected. Thas; while the regular democracy of Pennsylvania occupy the platform of Governor Wise, the Hlickman-Forney boiters stick to the platform of * Mr. Douglas. And thus we suppose they will ga into their October election. And thus, right aud ‘eft, the democracy, upon their negro abstray- tions, are torn to pieces. Who conld have dreamed of svch terrible disasters from that “popular sovereiznty” experiment of Messra, Douglas and Pierce, the Kangas- Nebraska bill, Havue Orr rrom tux Lex Suore.—The re- publican Legielatures of New York, Massacha- setts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Con- necticut, since December last, upon the “ sober second thought,” have each and all concluded to recognise the validity of the Fogitive Slave Jaw in setting aside various experiments of nul- lifleation, In all these movements the republi- can managers have admitted and surrendered to the conservative eentiment of the masses of the people of the North. The extreme abolition Programme of the Rochester manifesto is the rocky lee shore from which the republican party have thus been crawling off. They want sea room, and they have been tacking to the wind. ward. Thus, in Ohio, the Supreme Court of the State, under the control of a republican ma- jority, has lately affirmed the binding obligations and the painsand penaltics of the Fugit Upon this point the editor of the Anti-Slavery Standard, of this city, gives the fol- lowing explanation, froma private letter of “an influential member of the republican party” of Ohio, to wit:—“Do you know that politica caused the recent decision in Ohio? Fear of injuring Chase’s Presidential prospects did the devilish job.” All these things, and eapecially this “devilish job” ia Obio, wear an ugly com- plexion for Master Seward. He is evidently the Jonah who will have to be thrown overboard to nave the ship, Tue Prossian Loan—The successfal experi- ments made by Louis Napoleon in financiering induced, a8 we recently stated, the Prussian g0- vernment to follow his example, Finding money difficult to raise in England, they appealed to the Prursian people for aid, aod the Teaponse has been such as to confirm the value of the prece- dent established by the French Emperor. By the last advices from Berlin we learn that the subscriptions to the loaa of 30,000,000 thalere amounts to 31,875,100. The surplus of 1,875,100 thus subscribed for will be deducted from the different allotments to be made, Ia thig results