The New York Herald Newspaper, April 27, 1856, Page 2

< ‘4 * 2 ‘NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, APRIL 27, 1856. Perbhape there ‘s mo capttal in the civi'sed work’ whee Bourse speculations are +o rie as in Paris. The mysie- whos ofthe Exchange are patent to every one. To ¢ dearned in their enunciation is » oesessary secomp!ish- ment of every young geatleman about town. From the Mla ieter’s ekdest son to the jcaun jens, who dresses like a prince, and dines at the Maisom Doria on an allowance not exceeding $200 a year, the sudjsct bas dat to be moceted to draw forth am intense flood of animated discus. wer, in which the facilfty of living upon nothing is de- monstrated to conviction. But the lords of the creation form omy ety of these fervent worshippers of the golden ealf which is set up in the Place de la Bourse. The gentler sex, from princesses to the snow eapped bonne, q@bose tight fitting dress and white apron are the perpe- tual theme of travellers’ praise, are not caly worshippers, wet ite very high priestesses. The familiarity that ia France always exists bet ween the mistress and her servant, werves to initiate by degrees the lastin the mysteries, It @ no uncommon thing to hear the two, as they sit at meediework, arguing the pros and cons—the prospect of rive and fall, ot the securities of this or that railway. Mobiller pap Stalbarg oy &., ‘he’ with a acumen that would sstonish many an old hand om Change, The list of the Bourse is sold every day for ‘3wo sous, and it is impossible to enter @ house where is mot said, a genera! expectation prevailed that an Fine would foilow the declaration of peace. antieipated it; many, to u.se the technical iaa- “discounted it."’’ The aeaomameaas ‘and dismay therefore imszined at the present du'l state of Many private families bave’ been ruined. eountry were never known to take place . The number of names posted up increases daily. Tradesmen yment of their bills, and as the expected to the capital has not yet occarred, Teigns a commerciy| gloom all the more deep thst ‘Woomes unexpectedly. Is would not be fair to mention ‘Whe names of some of the commercial , Dut iy Fe F] y § § ateies gees? sinister reports are pecan afloat that « might; eza:b 1s at mown to give ; and a general feeling of despomdency in some uneasiness to the Mins‘er of Fi- The Conierence meets to-day for ttet 21st sitting, sad ‘again the vexed question of Italy ie to be discussed ia all He hae spoken out with a force and vigor on the demo- yalising nature of Austrian rule in a manner sufficient ‘to eopvince al! the Plenipotentiaries of the nec 2ssi'y of a ebange. As for the Pope, one and all admit that bat tor the Freneh oceupation, his Hosineas’ temporal sovereign- ty ia not worth aducat. “Gentlemen,” said Cavour, at the sitting, ‘you legislated for Italy in 1814 and 1815 under meral panic. Tae shadow of the first Napoleon hung emincusly over your beads; you saw his spirit in evary ehange of light, bat one thing was uppermost in yout mindse—how the foul fiend taat you had caugh: by the ta might be best chained down. Italy bad deen his sarheet triumph—Italy, come weal or woe, must be ber- motically sealed from innovation in future. Whatis toe somsequence’ Ip spite of the Austrians at Aacoca, the Freneh at Rome, Padua under martial law, the earth is ® mmothered volcano, ready to break forth to-dey, to-moz- vow, the moment # chink is discernible for the ebulition of its pent up ges. You must alter this now, or by the God cf Heaven it wili soon alter itself.” Owirg to this andotker matters, Count Orloffis wsid to have found his position disagreeable with regard to Count Buol, and therefore to have intimated to the Emperor ot Buscis, by telegraph, his desire for recall, A rumor pre- vails that the Crar,a few days ago, intimated throagh ‘same mediam, his desire to Napolecn that now that ‘fhe peace treaty wae finally signed it would be useful to hhim if Count Orloff could be replacel by M. de Titoff, as eertain diplomatic councils of great interest to the fm. peror were to be held at St. Petersbarg, at which the mee of Count Orloff was most importent. The @viginal intention was that Orioff should remaia at Paris es Embarsador Extraordinary. The close of the Conference will probably witcess many ehanges. Lord Cowley, the Britieh Ambassador, is un- Gerstoos to be desirous of being relieved. and it 1s un- Seretood that Lord Grauville will be his saccesror. It is $o the credit of Lord Cowley that in very difficult times, from the early part of 1852, immediately after the coup @éai, to the present date, he has never once endasgeced ‘the relations between France and England. His appoint- ment was due to to Lord John Russell, who removed him from Franciort, a mission of m'per importance. His Jeréship is not person of genius, or inde:d of m than average talent. He is, howevar, an ins of what prudenee, energetic perseverance, and s scul sbove all littleness may scocmplish even in the most imtricate paths of diplowaey. To be sure, bs wae boro in fhe purp'e, hie father being ambassador before bim, and Bis carly life was Cevoted to the adminivtration of aifa'rs as at : or secretary in cifferent mi-sions, Bu: tis ‘experience could have little avatled bim in the nev order @f wings which now prevails at Paris, wi:hout great cir eumspection ard diligence. Lord Cowley is no Str Henry Bulwer, intriguing, finessing and doubling in very I-ve of the sport. He ‘bas no small talk. He is not popular amcng English vesidents. But the absence of many of Chore attainmenta acd quaifications which are often ypular rendered him the more suitable to Napoleon. fe wanted no pryicg. flattering foreign official # wut the Tulleries. A man of plain common sense, and of few worts, suited him exactly; and this 5e found ic Lord Cowley. It may be doudted whether the British govera- ment will ever send to the present Court a more valuable minister. In Lady Cowley the English Ambsnsador hat @ host. Porsessed of personal charms of the highest order, the daugn'er of the De Ross, whose barony is tae premier barony of Eogiand, has talents which enable her to Bing » charm and tnexpiicable grace over her lightes: ac- tion. At her bidding, the oldest noblesse or ine upstart ef the bour willingly vend the knee. [fhe Sritish Hotel was tLe common territory of all perties, cliqaes and Glasses, snd on euch occasions cever aid the fair hostess fail to say a good word for the r g Loriof the Tui- Jewies. Many prejudices were softened by herinstramea- tality, many s doughty champion of legiiimacy gave way before so winsome an advocate cf progress, and whose besutiful cheeks mantled with the best dlood of Farops. The ambarsadorial appointment is ostensibly a lucrs- tive one, but really not so, It has cectainly the most Joxurious hotel in Paris, and as luxuriously furnished, fend 8 revence of £8 000 per annum. Bat the expens= are enermous. Every magcate from Eogland expects en- tertainmen: from the Ambassador, and the style ia wh te are given are quite equal to tho: Cowley has found his private fo-- ot more than £5,000 # year, a necessa-y pointment. who, it is understood, will be his lord- of baving 1 tion. He wae dora in 1815, fend is well known to be a nobleman of gueat talent; and ‘Be an ori both in French ae weil ae Eogtish, hus tetly Cirtingniehed himself, He macried @ foreign Jady, the wicow c/ Sir Richard Acton, and a daughter of @ Daiberg. Lord Cowley may naturally be anxious retire while hie isurels are green. It is rally suppised in E: Jand that the present administration will mt reel te power, which circumstance, of course, would ha: Sorced his recall; at the same time, his presence io the Boure of Lords. as a party to the ireaty, wil be very ne- eensary to astixt Lord Clarendon in replying to esrtain interpellations which will be ware to arise rom time to time. The Queen, it is said, intends to raise nim a ate > jm the Peerage. His father was an elier brotaer of S.r Arthur Welle afterwards Duke of We ling ona in to replace Lord rd de Ret elifle as British Ambassador at Constantinople. Th eughter o’ Sir Edmund married the present lake of No-- fwik, hereditary Marshal of England. The young Ab’. Bomeparte is to be mate a Cardinal immediately. Hi mame i+ Lucien, an® bis sisters, the Countess de Cam- pelo and the Princess Gabrielli, reside at Rome. Our Italian Correspondence Rome, April 2, 1856. ar. Filimore’s Movements onl Politicxl Chances—His Aiterview with the Pope—Tre Papal Mission & Parit— Priendiy Relations between Mis Holiness and the Em- peror f Russia—Speculation as to the Duration of Peace, ke You ask in your paper of the #th ultfmo, which is now pefore me, Where is Mr. Fillmore; * I will answer you ‘thet question, thongh I believe i have answered it a!- reedy in aprevions letter. Mr Fillmore is now Florence, or may be in Milan, om his way to Vienns Bertin and Stettin, His great object is to visit Russia, for he judges, very wisely, that his immediate presence iv not required in the United 3 The man who hee fereworks for Ms, Fillmore—(oars of those which the po- poe did cot allow to goof at the oliwum, and which the individual alluded to had set e-goingat his own Bouse, a it were, on hisewn Book, asa sort of private ratification fireworks, at which there was moze noise than eorrusestion, at least none of gesius)—and some other of the select men of New Yoru aad Massachusetts, wao were very obsequious in theiredulations of Mr. Pillmore will not follow him to Russia, ‘which ism good thing Jum, ar, in that co/d country be stands not in nest either of bears or boars, baving en enough of bores while President of the United States.) but quletiy awslt amph of Know Nohingism, tither at Paris ora mao watering place. Mr. }llmore knows wha saved’ rom his friends anc a! the same tims wish to give them any tanecessary trou Be udger, very properly, thit his persons califiesuons, hie character and principles sr sown, and | surewdly suspect if thes @onotearry him back to the Presidentiai chair, ‘be Kaow Nothing platform of Philafelphia, or aay other platform of that Order, will assuredly not arom that feat. The platform is nothing—the man és every and the whigs would p-obably bs stronger now if they bad never embraced Know Nothingiem than they are, a transformed politicians, ima new gard. Mr. Fill more is not likely to be mixed up with all the squsholes of parti 4 their subdivisions at home, for it is cer tainly better to be at St. Petersburg than to be writing letters to persons alj over the Union, in the vain hope of aniting the various sentiments and opiaions of clijues partinans in all sections of our widespread country. other question, ‘whether Mr. Fillmore is « fide Know Nothing, of the first, seeond, third, tieth degree,’’ I know shvolately nothing. Iam, ilor said, exeluted from the Order by the | weniture, Ad kAYe BO yoution! rem! 00; } ex om my dexter or rizirter aide, witb poii‘icians of Order, If the Know Nothings, generally, were as amiable, patriotic amd good as Mr. Fillmore,! should respect them ag citisens of our common republic; and if any of them bad served his country as well as Mr. Fill- more, he would be entitled 1o wy sincerest respect and gratitudethough I beg leave to observe that those services were rendered by Mr. Fillmore as » aational man, not as the exponent of « narrow mind- od, self exaggerated clique or party of poli- ticiemes. What Mr. Fillmore may do, sbould be be elected again to the highest office in the gitt of a free people, 1 know not;jbat his hopes of success can, im my opinion, be only based on the re-nomination of Mr. Pieree, because anybody of hnown character and truth- fulnees may be supposed to be stronger with the people than the present occupant of the White House. | de- Heve, however, that other wiser, more reliable, more courageous and more truthful men than Mr. Pierce are now being canvassed before the democratis metional party of the land, and that the Nations! Convention which is about te meet in Cincinnati will not be so crazed asto epcila good cause by commecting it with the for. tunes of a sinking man. Wheiver the democratic nomi- nee be Judge Doug.as, Mr. Hunter or Mr. Masom, of Vir- ginis; Gov. Bright, of Indiana, Mr. Mareyor Mr. Ba- ehanan, the Know Nothing candidate will be defeated by the people, and his only change isin the House, if the democrats shou'd not have » posi‘ive majority over nigger worshippess and Know Nothings combined. Whatever the personal frien¢s of Mr. Fiuimore may hope for him in that case, certain it is that an election of Pre- sident ny the House of Representatises is the worst thing that can happen for the country and the Union, and thet Ro true friend of the latter can desire to witness agch a crieis, And astothe third suppysition, that Mr. Fillmore is here in Rome, having té‘e-c-téles with the Holy Father, Tecan aseure you that, during Mr. Fillmore’s second stay here, he was not at all in the Vatican, and during bis first stay only for afew minutes. There are many Ame ricans, Germans and Englisemen here in Rome who are presented to the Pope, merely to tell him that they are Protestants, to which remars he always observes, with a very beriga smile, that he is sorry to hear it, but hopes that the light of truth will yet shine upon is Te rosrk certainly more modest than the assertion made by a dissenter to the head of the Uhurcb of Rome and the Prince of the Papai States. I verily believe we hi fewer democra’a {n our land who on being presented t Bittish nobleman would commence by telling him that they believe in no such thieg as atisiosracy. But Mr. Fillmore, in kis interviews with the Pope, feit the dignity of bis own position, which fordade him ei:her to bs rade or obsquicus. He talked to the Holy Father on the su- yerior zeatment of mental diseases in the United Stater, and the Pope, moved by the justice and eloquenc3 of Mr. Fillmcre’s remarkr, has since carried out Dr. Parish’s, of Philadelphia, suggestions to build a new hospital for the imsam, and there to introdues the American, and res pec- tively, the Eng! practice, The co-operation oi Mr. Fiti- more and Dr. Parish, and Mr. Fillarore’s pers.nal plea, (Dr. Parish only prerented a memorial in Weng) weve the Holy Father an opportunity of again exhibiting for the thousandth time the generosity of his heart aud the sincerity of his Christian professions. It is with bis private means that he has lid the foun ca ion to the new insane hoepital, and therevy promoted the public gcod; and if Mr. Fillmore was she means of moving him thereto, he bas established « hig'er claim to the reepect of men than he could derive from fanati- cism for cr ageinst a particular denomination of Chris- tans net Cardinal Altieri, as was at first determined, but Cardical Patrici, who, in June next, will baptize the King of Algerie—the new-born heir to the imperial throne ot Frazce—in the place cf the Holy Father. Tae |: was quite willing to go himself to perform that inte: ing ceremony, (lor the present Pope hasno arrirre pensée. ana is always ready, vich chi'dlike simplicity, to pe:form any act commanced by his sacred religion) but*the Cardinal Secretary of Eta‘e was strongly opposed to the Pope's leaving Rome, and this simply for political reasons. Oar- ding! An‘onelli is very unpopular here, and requices the protecting arm cf the sovereign Pontiff to maintsin tae satus quo, Cardinal Patrici is @ most excellent choice; having no political an ecedents, having been always ae- yoted to the cause of religion only, and not being accased of any diplomatic ity forany country. {This mates Lim a much more suitable person for the. baptism of tae infant Prince of France than Cardinal Altieri. T have, in a previous letter, spoken of the groviog good understanding between the hexd of tne Catholic ehurch and the new Emperor ot Russia. I can now in- form you that negotiations between the heacs of the Greek and Komen churches, respectively, have ‘‘pro- greseed”’ so faras to make it extremely probable that @igint Catholic bishopries in Poland, which abolich- ea cr suspended under Empsror Nicholes. about to be filled by the Pope, and tuat the other ditficulties exi.t- ing between the spiritual courts of St. Petersburg and Rome are abou’ to receive an amicable solution. [ne good offices of the Emperor Napoleon aze epprecisted ic this maiter, ag are aiso the efforts of the £nperor of Russia. The peace ix not only signed in Paris, but the aviance between France and Russia, under theic new auspices. in a fat! accompli. I bave In all wy letters to the Hurary, poinved to this eventuality ax the necersary consequence of the porition of Faroze; bat I doubt woether it is likely to bring with it that guaran‘es or the status quo which the diplomats now assembied in Paris my expect from it. To secure Furope az ins) in ternal and external commotion, the acts of the respective scvereigns require to be ratified by the people. The Prussisn Ambassadors st Paris, Count Hi i and Bsron Mantenfiel, continue to act as figaranta, having had no other part atsigued to them in the play thea that of witnessing ‘he performance of others ; and their sita. tion bec-mee the more disagreeable as Rucsian, instesd of thanking Frassia for the pert she hitherto pe 'formet, uncertabes to extemporize oy making every possine ad- vance to France. The German States, by this suc* ful coup de diplomate, are now in the aitaation o! Gece. Scott with a trein front and rear, whic? it ia hoped, however, wii] teach ther the easity of umion. The neglect cf the Pruceian Ambaesi in Paris seems to be responded to here in Rome. When but three short menths sgo—before the prospects of peace had ripened Taiaty—s couple of Austrian Princes arrived in Rome, there wax quitea gala. Of course, the Pr... io Prinee beitg cf s different religious persuasion,eannot ex pect the sane rejcicings of thechureh at his arrival tv the E ernal City which waa manifested at the preseace v a member of the {mperial family of Aus‘ria, whict id Just then conc'uded » concordat with Rome. 3 ‘ths! view of the French troope, ani tar bar not extended apy miuiiar civiltty ‘0 th Proreia. is moved by no # consi?eratin, and has no doubt received orders fcr duct from Paris. [t seems to beestablished in the ciaiof the Emperoro! .he French that Pruseia shal! n get de considered as ene of the five great uw ani) at hence forth ro homage is to be pail to her av 6 War fs be declared and peace eoncluded without the le.y of the Court cf Po'sdar; for Prassia hes 10 the meave of aggression belonging to the other gest Powers of Eurepe, but merely those of defeace, in cou-e- quence of the high sta e of milita:y organization of har miltie. In a gseat national war, the weight of her intl: ence might be great when sdted to the more postive means of other Powers; but alcne she cannot maintain a struggle or other territory than her own Now that the peace is asgoodas ravifie’, speculations are alrea?y sficat as to its probable duration. Certain 1 Js that ae far 98 the exchange i» conserned, the pea already discounted, and stocks are not likely to tak upward tendency until the future politics of France are more clearly dedned. There isa myrterious connection between English and French politics and international good will and the Paris id London Stoce Exchange. which is ¢ven more powerfu! then the Emperor's will, sad which cannot ke counteracted by governmental restrie- tions or prcbibitions. 1: ie thia whieh Micheil Chevalier Great Britain is it polities! possesses, by virtue of ber accumu- capital, her commercial preponderance, ani the control of the exchanges, that ever powerful means of senting millions, in every country, supperless to bed, or feeding them richly with @ share of her own profits Pray, do we not fee! » little of that infiaence in our free happy and prosperous Jané? Again I say, the peace is already diseounved, and nothing more is to’ be made out of it Oar Dublin Correspondence. Dowurs, Aprit 3, 1866. Elevation of Attorney General Keogh to the Bonch—Tve Spring Assizes—Remarkable Decrease of Crime in tre- lamd—Contemplated Distanding of the Ivith Mittia— The Irish Farmert Brought Down a Peg by the Sudden Conclusion of the War—Politival Agtiation Exint—m ‘The Athlone Election, de., de. Yerterday Mr. William Keogh, (Attorney (ieneral, and Member for Athlone,) was sppointed Judge of the Court of Common Pleas in Ireland, rendered vacant by the desth, on Seturday last, of Judge Torrens. Mr. J.D. zgerald has sacceeted to the Attorney Generalehip. oth gentlemen sre Roman Catholics. Our spring aesizes terminated on Tuesday last, and there was not mor one capital comviction througaunt the entire country, and the exception was the case of a young woman, who was sentenced to be hung at the county Antrim Astizes for the murder of ber aunt. As vt tranqalllity, I may mention that y Awsizes, which heretofore laste? for weeks, did pot on the Inst cecasion cecupy more than # few houre, and that time was «pent in trying petty lar cory crises. The fact is, the population has been consi derably lessened—frst by the farmine ceured by the potato blight in 1646-7, and tines then by the grant emigration to Ameries; those that remained got pleaty of employ ment, at good weger—three vo four shillings a day, in stead of, a4 formerly, sixpence to one shilliag~all enjoy- ed, for the first tie in their lives. somparative plenty— ergo, there was peace—an absence of crime in the land. We have acoounts, in some of the newspapers ‘o-/ay to the effeet that forty thousand of the ; to be disbanded, consequent upon the pes that orders have been given not to ish ing, wh'ch was to have beea done on the this month. It would be rather an embar thing to bave each @ number of young men cen through antry, without any at present vis means of obtaining employment. Other wscounte they will not Le disbanded tor the present. ¢ not very ex conclusion of the war. Since ite orn sence. ve been moat fortunate in having abundant harverte aad unusually bigh pri for their produce to the heginnirg of last month the majority of them bave been very sparing in sending supplies to maraet, in the nope of still higher prises, bat thie wae when mind that “a bird in the hand is worth two in the dush”—now that they will be compelled to part with their stocks at a mach lower figure than could have been Tealixed at the opening of the year. In copsequence of the high Lyne) of farm produce, many Taoalords bad pore appa impetus being given to out for a er impet tion from this country. Judging from our antecedents, you will naturally in- quire what agita'icn is mow on in Ireland. The reply - nong whatever. Conciliation Hall, where O’Connell 20 Jorg held forth, is now s moneter flour store, and the rendezvous of Young Ireiand, in Lower Abbey sireet, is at prevent ocsupied by a diorama of the war, ard some dissolvicg views. ‘There is ifkely to be a regular shindy at the election for Atblone, rencered vacant oy ‘he promotion of Mr. Attor- ney General Keogh. I have just learned that there ace already three cant ida‘es—Mr. John Eonie, Governor of the Bank of Ireland; Alderman John Reynolds, and Mr. Ball, a barrister. ‘The Times of yesterday, in referring to the quarter's re- venue, says:—‘ The return of the revenue for the quacter endirg on Monday night is very little more than a simple reoord of increased taxation.” The same jourual com forte tts readers by the announcement that the imcreared income tex laid on for the war, will not cease to be collected until April, 1858. The revenue extracted for the year'ending’March 31, 1856, amounted to $65,704,489, aD amount unexampled since tne clore of the last war. Rights of Neutrals after the War. {F¥om the London Post, (offisial,) April 8.] It is now certain that the governments of Ergland and France intend to reseind the prohibitions with to Russian commerce which they iesued at the conmmence- ment of the war. The ity of this course cannot be dieputed, ‘or it the English Orders in Council or the de- crees of the French Council of State were permitted to remain in force, the whole of the trade about to be thrown open in the Baltic and Black seas would inevit- ably fall into the hands of neutrals, to the serious detri- ment of the commercial in thie country. present, horever, may be » convenient oppertanity to review the effect of the rules for the conduct of the war in relation to commerce, Which ‘and France, on the return of peace, are now about to abandon. We may observe, in the first place, that it became necessary with the commencement of hostiities to make tae two codes of the Aliied Powers, who were to carry on joint milite- ard naval operations, conform in many essential par- Heatazs. This object was secomplished to a ccnsiderable extent, but still poiute of cifference were permitted toex- ist—for instance, a different catalogue of artisles contra. band of war on the part of Frence—a catalogue which the government cf that corntry could not alter without in- fringing upon the provisions of many treaties which France bad contracted with foreign States, even so re cently as the last throe or four years. We may men‘ion ‘the distinctiom which exists in the two codes between the right to seize articles in an unmanufactuted siate capable afterwards of being converted to warlike ses, such as steam engines, or the materials neccesary for their construction—articies whic’ are of the highest value in modern warefare. By the French code suca materials are innocent, whilst by the English they are contraband of war. If tke contest now terminated had happily continued, Franye, no doubt, woalc before have seen the policy and would have found the meare of making her catalgue of contraband equally stringent with tust of her ally; o:herwise many iaconve- niences would have arisen with respect to the dirtriba- tion of prizes, under the joint convention concluded be- tween the two countries on that important eudject. Upon @ calm and ciepassionate review of the condust of the war during the paat two years, it cannot be denied that neutral commerce has received @ degree of con- sideration which was altogether uckoown in former Ea- ropean contests. Whether neutrals have fully recipro- cated the relaxations which have been made in toeir favor is nother ques ion, the discussion of which we ab- stain from reviving. Every friend of humanity must re- joice that neither belligerent bas invoked the aid ‘of pri- ‘vateera. Her Msjesty’s declarstion, da‘ed the 24th cf March. 1854, contains this pacsage:—‘That her Majesty beiag apxicus as much as possible to lessen the evils of war ard to restrict its cperstions to the regalarly organizes forces of the country, itis not her present intention to ineue Jetters of marque for the commirsioning of prive- teers.” the other relaxation made by the same declara tion for the purpose of ‘‘rendecing the war as little oner- ous as possible to the Powers with which this country remains at peace,’ was that her Mejesty will waive the right of seinng enemy’s pro; laden on board @ neu tral verse), unless it “be contraband of war,” although “sbe must maintain the right of a belligerent to pre- vent neutrals from breakirg any effective bloskade which may be estabiiseed wich an adequate force agaicst the enewy’s forts, harbors or coasw.’’ Farther ra. lexstions were made by the Order in ‘Council of the 16:h of April, 1864, Ceclaring that all vessels under ® veutral or friendly flag—b ing neutral or friendly proper:y— sheuld be permitted to import into any port or place in her Mejesty’y dcminions, all goods and merchaudire whats ever, to whomscever the rame niga belong, an to export from ay port or place in her Majesty’s domin- fens, to any port not blockaded, ary cargo or goods not belng contrabend cf war, or not requiring a apecial per- miaeion, to whomsoever the rame mght belong. And in orcer to do awey with tbat general rule which interdicts British su>jects from tading h the enemy, her Majes- ty further declared that ‘(Ail ber subjects, acd the aub jects and citizens of avy neutral or friendly State, sball and may, during, end notwi'hstanding the preseat hoe tilities with Rusela, freely trace with ail ports and places. wheresoever situate, which sball bot be in a stata of dicckade; eave and exzept that no British veese] shall, uzder avy circumstances whatscever, be permitted or empowered to en'er or communicate with any port o. place which shail belozg to, or be in the porression or ceupation of, her Majesty’senemies.”” It \hese relaxations thas British eurjects have been ena- bied to purchase enemy’s produce brought to this coun- try; and Prurs'aand Hemborg have also been enab'+'. with great profit to themselves, to establish that I. 0d tranrit, which, to agreat extent, has rendered inefficicut our blockace o! the Rusclan ports ia the Baltic. To the late Sir William Molesworth, ard to the law o% ficers of the crown, belorg tre credit of having car- ties into practical operation the wiss and cunside-ate ~ules which bave regulated commerce during the sar. he Americans msy congratulate thimeelvas that tnelr principle, “free rhipe make ‘ree goode,”” bas substan:ia!- ly been recognized 7 England and France. The civi- ‘ied world may ccngratalace itself that the syatea cf privateeriog—a berbaroue relic of the private wars o. the middie ages—hae now been put down by the jvint ac‘imn of the two first Powers of Europe. itis, however, pro- bable that in future wars rules ard princtples less hu mane ard Christian will be enforced? fhe recent relaxa. ticns were only of a temporsry nature; but public Jaw depends maizly upon custom, and the und«nb‘ed success of the great experiwrent which has been tried during the Jast two years, in ita operation upon the interests o: this country and the commerce of reutral States, affords the strongest possible assurance that no European gove-n- ment will bereafter restore €@cce extreme bel'igeren’ rights whieh, if rigorous y enforced, augment the mise ries of war without producing apy countervailing ad- vantages. We believe, therefore, that we canno: be wicng im aseumirg thet the rales of maritime war o! ‘the years 1854 and 1855 will be incorporated by e>a- mon consent ea integral portions ot the positive isw of nations. Speech of the United States Oonsul at Li- verpool, {From the Londom Standard, April 8 The Lord Mayor and the Lacy Mayoresx yesterday guvs splendia banque: to the mem bers of the Common Council axd their ladies, and among the distinguished company rerent on the occesion were the Marl of A'beraarie, the Parl ofGranard, Lord Robert Clinton, M. P., dir Stafford Northeote, Baronet, M. P., Mr. R. Hawtherne, American Consul Ger eral, Liverpool, &e.. &. The usual loyal toasts cf ‘Her Majesty the Queen,” “His Royal High: ce Albert, Albert rrince of Wales and the other meaders of the Royal Ramily,”’ having been given— The Lord Mayor next rore to propore the health of 2 gevtiemen who represented the interests of what he mast term a kindred country—he referred to the representa tive of the United Stater, in his capacity of Consu! Gene ral st Liverpool. The gentleman whose name he hed to Re was Mr. Nathaniel Hawthorne, whore name was cistinguished as a Hierary man in the United States of America. Me wes the author of macy popular tales, anc if there was anything in which Frgiand and Americs eom. peted, iy was in the avidity with which the literary pro ductions of each country were sought after, asd in the tarte which wae thereby reciprocally cres He pro- posed ihe health of the honorable geatleman wita every sentiment of respect. kr. Hawt#orns, the American Consu! General at Liver- pool, who was received with very cordial sheers, said be rore toexprens his deep sense of the honor he enjoyed in aitting at tho horpitaple board cf the Lord Mayor. Hs would tay, if it were left him to say anything, he wou d tverything that the noble lor4 who had preceded him sald in reference to the great office which the Lord Mayor held: and there was no American who did not feel as mush ance (Mr. Hawthorne) did, in sitting bosrd of this city, whien, as the world’s m were dold enough to regard as theirown. (Cheers.) With regard toany reputation which he might have attataed, if he felt that the Amerfcane would repay one fartaing of that great national debt of gra itade which they owed to this country, he should ie»! better wa tified. (Hear.) In regard to the kindly tone o the sentiment which this arsembly had evinced that evening, though he had been rome lime ahsen’ trom his native land. bie conptrymen must be greatly chengedif they ld not equally respond vo that feeling ia reference to this country. fis countrymen were ready at all times to rerpend to every friendly demonstration on the part of Fugiand. He believed there had never deen a Bird word conveyed to America, but she was ready to respond with a kind anawer. Providence had cemented the two countries by vies of the most indinso lable amity. Even on this rich old soflof England, where his tore’atners were born, they still might be said to take an interest—an interest which tended to the ad- vant ge of both countries. Bnt in America, if they re- pented the story of Midas again, that they could change barren land« into gold, that gold came, it found Ite way to our ehores. If he could put faith in what he had beard parsing among Englithmen and Americans (and reing an Ameriean himeelf, be wonld ask, who would dare to cay that Englirhmen did not ray what *hey felt?) then he feit when he thought of there things, that the filendly relations at present exiating between the two countries ccu.d never be broken. (Applause. Irish Emigration to the United States. The Galway (Ireland) papers complain that, notwith- standing the ‘diegraceful and ungratefni’ treatment, | the reeult of the machinations of the Know Nothing par | ty, wh’ch irieh emigrants have met of Jate at the hands | Cl the Americans, em/gration from the Western provinces ee | et) i cont mnes, not in euch oumbers ae here'ofore, bat Whe BOL expected; bey KOR regret they did oj bene a | etil) to wm emteDs taAt MAY eventually saitate ry whet ry wyed ageinet the agticaltural inierests of ireland. One of the Jeeal journas seye:— A mop had been put, as we conceived, to this fearful drain of the most useful of our countrymen; but within the Jast few weeks the drain has commenced again, and every Cay almost witnesses crowds of deesmtly dressed and comfortable looking emigrants P agosery to what was, was once regarded, and truiy sand of freedom and of kinda to Irishman to jioular. Crowds of these eelf banish: or “‘iaw-exlied” wanderers proceed Dy train to Liverpool; and the Clarence in about to sail from this port with a full complement for the shores—the once hospitable, but, we fear, sow inhospitable shores of Assyrian Antiquities. (From the London Atheneum, April 5.) We have much pleasure io anmounciog that a iarge collection of Arsyrian marbles and antiqaities bas just ‘been reosived at the British Museum from the Kast. Inis is the second instalment of marbles obtained for the na- tion by Col. Sir Henry Rawlinson from the excavations in Assyria; and ae the sculptures, although of the great- est ble value and i rest, aré not likely to be ex- hibited to the public for many months to come, 0 w there being mo available place at the Museum for reception and arr mt, we are glad to have it in our power to give a brief notice at once of their ex'ent and character, as well as of the time and place of ther discovery. When Sir Henry Rawiluson returned to the Fast is 1852, with full powers from the trustees of the British Museum to carry on excavations wherever he might think it advisable in Assyria, Babylonis, and Chaldica, he was nat anxious in the interests of science to coaleree with the French commissions already epiabii: im the country for similar purposes. He ascording’: proposed to M. Place, the French Consul at Moral, that the mound of Koyunjix, in the cenire of the ruine of Nineveb, which was koown to be the great treasure house which, during the yeare concucted the excavations, .bad beem im the ¢x- chasive occupation of the zh, should be partitioned out between the working par the two nations; and in ef this proposal he even drew a line of de- mareaticn, which piased al) the northern portion of tbe mound at the dispesal of the French. M. Place in the first instance appeared much gratified at being thus per- wi:ted to icipate in the spoils of Nineveh; but in the requel, either mistrus such extreme liverality, or conside: the mound of Khorsabad, where he was al- ready working to be a more favorable locality, he entire: ly neglected to profit by the offer. Im fact, for two fall vara from this perios the northern haifcf the mound of oyurjik, which, as it subsequently proved, contained al) the most fini and valuable specimens 0! Assyrian art, was permit ed to lie fallow, while the southern divi- sion of the mound, and all the other ruins in the vicinity were completely ransacked i2 rearch of sata At length, in the beginning of 1854, Sir Heary, heving sent (the greater part of which, it key. be. added, have been (the greater part of Ww! it may be ve been entombed for the last year anda im the caverns of the Museum, where they are pat ther and sereltee,) and having thus prety weil ex- havsted all the sculptured buildings excavated up to that period, either by Mr. Layard or by hi deter- mined to attack the ground hitherto reserved for the French; ard as M. Place offered no objection, instractions were issued forthwith to the executive agent on the spot, Mr. Hurmurd Rassam, to open trenches on the northern platform. The pickaxe had been haraly used, when wails were found croppirg throug’: the soil; s suite of cham- ders were soon traced out, and in the couree of a few weeks the workmen had uncovered a spacious palace, with a perfect labyrinth of halls, corridors and passaxes Ail richly eoutptured throughout’ ‘The coenes rescecested in these seu'ptares were more diversified than {n the pa- laces previously explored—the design an4 treatment of the subjects were more artistic—the execution more fia- ished—the relief higher—above al!, the marbles were for the mest a very excellent state of preservatioa, the building to which they belonged havirg apparentiy escaped from the fire which had destroyed ail tne other edifices on the platform, and which, in many instances, had calzined the marble wainsoot 8, In the beginring cf February, 1! Sir B. Raviinson rede up from Baghcad to Mosul, and, a! er making a care- ful survey of the works which Mr. Rasssm - it Nineveh, selected seventy alabs from this lace for transport to England. Tuese ly packed and conveyed by raft ty Buseorab, from whence it was hi might be trarsported ty come of the Esst India Co-npany’s steaw trigaies to Bombay, and there reahipped for England. No opportunity, however, offered for their removal from Bussorah unts] last autumn. when « saillog vessel, the Christiana Camel, chartered by Mossre. Lynoh & Co., of nage received them on board, and has now brought em to I, Twenty-three slats, tormirg the walls of one ringle chamber, and reprerenting » series of royal lion bunts and other secnts relating to the chase, The series is cou- \inuocus, with the exception of one break. The slabs are in good prevervation, and the derign and exesution admirable. Among the rubjects represented are, @ lion in cage; the King 1m his chariot, spearing a lion; the same tigure stadbing a on with # degger; alion just tarned out of his cage to be bunte3; King im his chariot shooting # lion with anarrow, aod cead and wounced Hone lying scattered about; mea leading hant- ing dcgs; » pack with a triumphal arch, in whica is re- presentea the King hun‘ing lious; the Kirg returning tam the cbacein bis chariot, &c. This is by far the most and interesting teries of sculptures yet dis- =: and belongs to the culminating period ef Assy- jar s’abs from the walls of an enclosure, probably den. A lion is here seen crouching among reect at beautifully delineated. Dogs Jed by the keepers, aad 2 tame iico ide of an African eunucu, who wears « in learbes are pare is walking by the si “Fr with ‘eatheze. IT. Four s.abs, exhibiting tnral subjects, viz , the facade of » columzed temple, caureway sup up'p pointed arches, memoria! pt'lars, teble.s, IV. Eighteen elabs, in a double series, re) roenes connected with the conquest cf Susi are beautiful specimens of sculpture, snd of the hignes« nierest. The remainirg twelve rlabs beicnging to th» Susiana chamber, which wece slightly iojared, were maie ever to the French, and have sinee been lost. V. Six pavement slabs; cre pavement complete in four pieces, and the two other rlabs as specizoens. The pat- terns are mcst superb; in taste, ricunese and elegance they are, in fast, urique. vi. For bs reprerenting two mythological figures, which are as perfect as if chiselled yesterday; ard VIL. Eleven other sisbs from ¢ifferent perts of t> bui'ding, selected as 6; evs both from the interest u! the subjects snd the beauty of the execution. Sir Henry Rawlinson further selected half a doven slate from other builcirgs of the age of Tiglath-Pueser and Sennacherib, and completed the collection by aad. two statues cf the God Nebo (one coloseal and one lite- size), bearirg the famous inscription of Pal and Semirs wie, together with an obsllek inecrited with the anosie of the father of Pul, which thus fll up au importen’ blenk in Assyrian hisiory. The above is a correct list of the marbles sent from Mosu) in March, 1854, and whieh form the most jaterest- ing portion of the collection that has now arrived at the Mureum, Thereare, however im adciticm to the mar bles, nearly fifty cases ountaining objec’s of fally equ: value to the historical inquirer—these o>jects consisting of insersbed bricks, tablets, cylincers, esss of iascrip- tione and numerous sma’) relics, collected from toe va- rious excavations in Arsyria, Babylonia and Chaldas. Our sketch would be incomplete if we cid not also no- tice the continuation of the worke at Koyunjik, and the contents of the third instalment of cir H. whnson’s merbles, which ben A! expected to arrive in June. After the ceapatch of the rasrbles above described, ar the Pariiamentary grant was exhausted, Sic A. Rawlin- surpended the cxeavations, and sent Mz. Hurmuz? Rassam to Exgland; but, at the same time, he strongly rec: mmended to the trustees that a supplementary grant should be applied for, in order 10 secure for the natin the many beautiful’ sculptures thet still remeincd ex- posed in the trenches at Nineveh. This recommendation was fortunately adopted, and, in due course, s further crecit was opened, whieh enasied Sir Henry not only to provide, if necessary, for the travsport of the marbie« alresay excavated, but to carry on farther expsrimeatel work at Nineveh. at Babylon, and in Ohaliwa. At the former place, Mr. Lofius, whose services had been trans- ferred to the British Museum on the dsssolation of the Assyrian Funa Society, in the summer of 1854, was ew- ployed by sir Henry in charge of the excavations; and, Guring the followirg sutumn and wiater, several addition: al chambers, belonging to the same Northern Palace ou the mound of Kcyurj'k, were laid bare under that officer's supervition. In these chambers, again, scnkytures were uneovered similar in character to those previ musly peck. ed, but of a still greater delicacy ofexecution; and, as they were found in corsiderable numbers, it would have brea possible to cbtain, both from the old and new trenc:: ', a collection cf at least tvo huvdred marbles, well wo. 3 the coat of transport to England. Bo: the trustees pov signified that there was really no room at the Mare. 1 for axy further exter sion of the Acsyran Gallery, a1 requerted indeed, that nothing more should be teu: heme, except picked rpecimens of yey mupsrior exeel- lence. Sir Henry was thus obliged to limit the mj + -- mentary collection from M: Lottan’ trensbee to tity slabs; acd, when there were prcked and ent off, Le placed the whele of the rema'ning marbles—betwees tao 4 three hundred in onmber—et the Place, for the French government, merely jn return for this great bequest, xy on beard the government vee. ve) led from France for the mo ith of the Euphrates, should be conveyed ty Europe alorg with the collection for the louvre. As foon as this arrangement was completod, Sir H. Rawiineon left Merc potamia, and reached England in last May. The sequel of the story ie already pretty well kn wn. The English merblee, uncer carefal guardianship, reached Burrorah in saiety, and were stowed om the river br~& reacy for rhipment ia the French vessel, while the Frenca marbles, through cheer carelessness ‘and mismaaage- ment, were loet in their passage down the river—oae colostal bull axa half a coven light cases being the cnly articles that were saved from the wreck. When the French vessel arrived in the Kophrates in last June, she wae thus disappointed of an immediate cargo; Lut, a her charier party admitted of ber deten- fon in the river Vill the end of the year, she was kept at anchor in the Burrorsh roads for the fatl tims, in the Pepe that in the interim some of the French marbles might be recovered. Some covultory efforts, indeed, were made for this pw pose, bat they ended in nothing. A verse of war that bad been ordered from Bourbon oa this special duty, did not make her appearance. The emall crippled English steamer in the river was quile in- competent to render any effective ausistance, aud the trane- rt secording'y having waited for the full pe-iod allowes in the charter party, received the English marbles cn ith the single bull and halfdezen French saxer) . 5, and eriled for Havre. It now becomes an oF jeet of tome interest to consider what is to be done with thie noble collection of Assyrian foulptures. The marbles forming Sir Henry's thres rep- arate instalments are packed in about 260 coves, wud weuld require for their exhibitiom above 1,000 teet of near measurement. It {8 proposed at present to deposit the new cares onopened in the cellars of the Museam, anda cark gallery on the baee; t floor le the most fa- vorable locality that has been ed out even in im- ag na'icn, {cr their ul'imate resting pace. Yet they are infini'ely worthy of the place of honor than the rove colossi and the mntilsted fragmenta which at prevent cesupy the mew Avryrian gallerier, 3f any of the Agel rina eculptaree we 10 be bavinbed for wautol room, it shou'd certainly be the inferior rather than the superior specimese of the cimss. Not that we would advocate the removal, even temporarily, of any of these remarkable sntmguitle, which are equally interesting for Biblical idvstration and in the history of art. We should prefer seeing the new marbles exhibited in the large vacant room which adjoins the Elgin gallery, and which is dee- tined, we believe, for an omnium guéherum of inferior Greek antiquities; or a new gallery might be added on to those now occupied by Mr. Layard’s collections; or, if it ‘be reaily the ease that some months, oreven years, must elapre before space can be provided at the Museum for Sir H. Rawhason’s marbles, would it not be desirable that they should be +xhibited im the interim in some other locality; at Kensington Gore, or at Burliogton House, or even on joan to the Sydenham Palace? order to enable the public to judge of the value and ori; ty of the supplementary collection of sculptures which are embarked on board the French vessel, the Manuel, and which may be expected to arrive in June, the following memorandum is muojoin- ed, which was drawn up by Mr. Loftus, and forwarded to Sir H. Bawlinson, ious to the despatsh of the marbles frcm Mosul. The letters and figures refer to a general plan cf the excavations of the North Palace at Koyuajik, which it is not thought necessary at present to publish. MEMORANDUM OF NEW SCULPTURE FROM THE NORTH PALACE, fe Savon, 2 ee . Southeast site;—Journer Mote Hunting Field. Fi- gures 3 1. 8 in. high. ‘Slabs 1— 7 in continuous series. Fig. 1. Euxuch with nets on a long pole over his left shouler; attached to the edges Sc the usta. suroSigh two bails of eore, wo roas tr ght baad, ropes i) of cord. Two rig! ro] with pegs in left. ba Figs. 3 and 4. Boy leading mule laden with nets. Eunuch driving mule with stick. 6, 7, 8. Same as 3, 4, 5. Fig. 9. Fame as 2—lege destroyed. Fig. 10. Same as 1—legs destroyed. 11, Eunuch with bundle of stakes. Fig. 12. Same as 1 and 10, Figs. 13, 14. Eunuch with lion hound; pert of a seccnd dog; the remainder and next slab gone. labs 8 and 9—Man wih deg followed by man on horse. N. W, sido eatarning free the chase. Slab 23—Five eumucha carrying a wounded lion on their two he the legs. Head of a second lion (body on next s'ab wanting). 28—Four eunuchs carrying wounded lion, as om slab 23, (head on slab 24 wanting). ‘Archer guard looking back. Six eunuchs bearing a dead lion. Eanuch with bird’s nest and bird. Eunueh with bird’s nest and dead hare. Two ennuchs with shields and spears. Archer guard, CHAMBER 8. Fotrance (a) 1.—Animal rampant, with lion’s body, iffin’s feet and serpent’s head, followed by figure, half umap, wenling eres berned cap. The lower extremi- ties those of a lion. Rather weat wornat top. Size of slab, 4f. 7 in. high. by 3f. 9% iv. wide. Slabs 3, 4.—Lion bunt from a boat. Jungle at top and bottom of slabs; soldiers, men and dogs in jeashes, heen game. lion tasing to the river in the cen. tre of the slab, on which is a thirty oared, double banked galley, steered by two long oars; ay rising into the form of a horse’s head; siern with high curve. Asecond lion, springing, is rece:ved at the bow by three spear- men, while the principal figure is shooting an arrow at the arsailant. A deaé lion, tied all fours, slings irom the stern, Slabs weather worn. Size, 6t. 4in., by 2f Gin. and 31, 43¢ in, Slab 6.—Same subject continued. Two saddied horses ina four oared boat. Much weather worn; 6f. 4 in, by hae (b) 1,2. Two slabs with the same surjects. Upper ocmpartmerts:—Two lion-heaced human figares i g each other, with maces and deggers. A similar figure following a human footed figure, of which only the legs are left. Lower compart- ment :—The same figure as in the Susa Chamber F, Nos. 11 and 1 with upper part human, lower that of a lion, bg much more pertect and preserved. Fine slabs. The alpder of the slabs in chamber are divided into three compartments, upon the two upper of which is reprecented & series of royal bunts; and on the lo ver the chase of the wild ass, gazelle, deer. The whole is in high relief, snd very fine. ‘Stab 6.—(1) A groom leading & saddled horse pre- ceded by two footmen. (2) The King’s horse, richly caparisoned, led by @ spearman. preceded by two bow- men. (3) two men catching « wild ass with «rope; two asses galiopirg; one hashing most viclously. Slab per- fect, and beautifully execute?. Slabs 7, 8, 9.—(3) Asses at full gallop. Fragments of the upper portion of one of these slabs, f2und on the floor, shows the Bing shootirg. Four bows, with suppiisnt ard dead men before him; behind are attendan 4 with ars and arrows. Slab 10.—(2) Legsof guards. (3) Asses in flight, one réaring, shot through by an arrow. — wn in a box upon acage or trap, re- Slab 11. Man ii be: leasing a lion by pulling up a slide. (2) Two dead lions examined by huntsmen. Four men paying obeisance to the king. (8) Asses pursued by dogs, and wounded with arrow; very fine. Siab 12.—(2) The king ¢ismounted, leading his horse; his attendant slso leading hie. (3} The king, at full gaslop, discha: an arrow at the wild asses. Two mounted atten following, with arrows and spears. The kirg’s dress is slashed at the sleeves, and covered with minute ornament; thi is most deautifal. Slab 13.—(1) Toe king throti a licn with one hand, while the other is drv sword through the boty of the animal. Two attendants bebiod, one with bows and arrows, the other leading a horse which appears on next plab. (2) The king at full gallop, d log a apear down t the }ion’s throst as he is in the act of sprinj ia wstrey horre, without rider, seized on the heunches by a wounded lion. (3) The king’s led horse at fall gal- lop; bebind is another horse stancing, held by groom; a magnificent slab. Blab 14.—(2) Two of the king’s attendants pursuing the lion cn the borse’s haunches; one {¢ flogging his horse, he other carries a spear. (3) Gazeiles and young Stab 16,—(8) Portion only. The king, on one knee, tshing aim from behind » screen. Attendant handing him srrows. 8.— Lower halves.—Part of a circular enclo- e, witbin which wounded ceer are in flight over roeks covered with trees. Quteide are two men—one s‘aking the nets, and the other dragging a dead stag from beneath them. Entrance (d) 1.—Four figures, same as on the upper compartments of slabs at entrance (b), but on larger reale. (Ina small cell at the base were five small dogs in elay, painted different colors, each with inscription on the left side. Now in the Museum.) Two circular Dases of columns (6 ft. diam.) ‘It may be added that the North Palace, from which all there marbles have been excavated, wasa work of Asshur- Dani-pal, the son of Esar Haddon, and mast date, therefore, from about the middle of the seventh century B.C, Tbe bes reliefs in many cases repreent the wars which the monarchs in question conducted agains’ the Armenians in the north, and the Chaldwans and Su- siars in the south; but they more frequently refer to his exploits at the chase, to which he seems to have been passionately devoted. There are numerous inscriptions also, illustrative of the various scenes represented. an‘ one large clay cylinder (now in fragmenta, but which, 1. is ho} Cy way be restored) contains a complete set of the Royi very late period of Annals to a e monareh’s The Austrian Tariff. Advices from Trieste furnish the particulets of an im- portant alteration just promulgated iu the Austrian tariff. It effects in several oases a reduction of between 30 and 40 per cent, and is regarded as an ex>erimental step towards a more general abandosment of the prohi- tive system. Annexed is a list of the artisles comprised, showing \he new and the old duties: — ‘New Duty Old Duty cut. cut, rs gna 3 Cocca. 2 30 Coffee. 10 0 Do., roasted. 12 36 Spicer, commor 10 0 » fine.... 25 50 Sugar, refined. 14 0 Do., rOW.....5 no Do. ¢o., for refining. 7 0 Molasees. 50 Fish... 40 Ofls in casks... 16 0 Do., olive, a. 40 Do., through Austrian ports. 20 Wine, in bettl . 16 0 Do., in casks E 12 30 On aj) the above the rednction was @ effect from tke let instant, Ou wind A per cwt, F. 20 0 30 730 230 7 30 1:30 60 10 0 1 oO 60 5 0 e reduction is to take effect from the Ist of July next. Great, Suffering In the West—U. S. Soldier Eating their Own Companions. The following is an extract trom a private letter rece!vei in thie city by the editor of the itary Argus:— Forr Prenre, N. T., Mareh 16, 1856, A mest horrible affsir heppened between bere ané Sioux City in December last, which is almost too hideour to relate. Three sol¢iers, named Rizert, Wicker and Cornel), deserted from companies D and Hl, Second Dra goons, about the first of December, and started down the river. On their way they overtook four psraoas from thie place, who were proceeding in the arme direction, and ae relf preservation suggested the idea of strength in numbers, they mutual'y sgreed to travel in company Up to this time, and for some ten or twelve days atver their janction, the weather had been remarkably mild and pleasant, 'A few days after, however, heavy snows, accompanied with intenre eold, setin, which continued with but little intermission for thirty or forty days. durirg which time but little pregress waa made, At lergih their rennty stock of proxisions gave out, and starvation reemed Inevitable, for they were at least two bondred wiles in a cirect line from the nearest settle- ment. For six cays, without a partic'e of food, they continued their courre down the river, but made very little pro. ress towards their Cestination, Under these acoumn- Jated eufferirgs the foidier named Cornell died, and the others, to appease their hunger, cnt up his body and oat his fiech. The followirg night’one of the civilians died, end hix boéy was disposed of in like manner. On the succeeding night two more of the civilians died, but as the party war discovered shortly after, the living were spared the recessity of ing any further meals upon the dead be dies cf {heir companions. They were fonrd by » part of Mejor Howe's command, and when Giveovered they were regaling themselven upen the arme and legs of their unfortunste oempantons, Ihe evivivors were taken to Major How's eamp, and onder proper cere end attention have ell regy vers Obituary. MR. BR. L. STEVENS, OF HOBOKEN. Various notices have alreaty appeared of Mr. Stevene, in which hie bigh mechanical genius, bis great practioa¥ skill, bis mspy brilliant disccveries, have all been al- Inded to; but we Pave as yet seen no notice of the stil? higher qualities of his heart. We will enter npom no de- tail here of his original inventions; his elaborate and beautiful applications of subtle principles to the most complicated machinery; his early, bold, and waccesstu? exceriments in ste«m; for his mental labors havo alre: taken their place in the history of ssience io all civili enticing, It is ola Dasrhine wont speak. le was a man of quiet, ntatious, but extensive and noble charities: that these were no mere purple charities, the long line of poor women and helpless ehil- dren whe thropged the streets to see the last of one whose beneficent aid they had cften experienced ia their hour of bitter need, will abundantly testify. It was a touching expressicn of humb’e gratitude, which those who attended hie funeral will not soon i. Stevens was just and true in all his deslings with hie fellow-men; bland in his manners, without any of bauteur generally attendant upon great wealth; kind. affestionate, ‘and generous in his feelings; aignified, yet simple; and of the most gentle snd equable temper. He possessed all the modesty of true genius, ‘‘bearing his faculties so meekly” that oply by those who were tntima/ely ac- qian with him could he be properiz appreciated. @ inheritance cf his vast Pome bat a slight consolation to the brothers who loved him, the re- Jatives who long will weep for the loss of such @ spirit called forever from their midst. But we must not in. rude upon the sacred sorrows of the home hearth. His scientific and eminentiy practical labora have dose #0 much for tte rapid developement of the reszarcea of his country, that we doubt not his memory will long be ept green among us, associated with the names of the ruiy great men whom we thould delight to honor. Dry Goeds Jobbing and Jobbers—Eticts of the Credit System. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. New York, Mareb 30, 1856, Bo much has been written of late concerning dry goods jobbing and jobbers, ard so eagerly have the resd- ing public seized upom every line connected therewith> that a brief review will doubtless find space in your journal. An article appeared in one of the city papers a few weexs since, purporting to give an insight to the work- ings ot the dry goods trade, and although written with stropg prejudice, and containing much that was detri- mental to the jobbing fraternity, the edition wae exhaust- ed before noon of the day of issue, by clerks, salesmen and merchants, and by them sent to all sections of the country. There can be no necessity for encouraging country merchants to practice upon the credulity, good pature or fears of New York jobbers, Experience has taught the danger of even an excuse for the country retailer to repudiate his debts, and any jovber of five years? standing will tell you that he trembles, and hastens to his ledger, when he hears of » prodace buyer or bank failure in a section where he has given extensive credits. Many that were solvent have jumped at the oppor- tunity such am ossasion offered, and hastily made up @ statement of assets and liabilities, and with an elongated visage made their appearance at the desks of their dupes, and asked in @ plaintive tone, to be released from theia obligations upon payment of 50 per eent of their indebtedness. In too many instances the creditor consenta, and generaily takes endorsed paper, extending from six te eighteen months. Instances are not wanting where country merchants have pzoposed to their New Yerk creditors to give their own paper for half their liabilities and be released, and suscessfally to», Many times saper given in compounding will be discount- ed in thirty days (+howing the cormorant appetite of the compounder), subjecting the helpless ereditor to w big shave fcr anticipating said paper, and patronixingly in- forming him that he shan’t do the same by the rest, I¢ is an immutable trath that there is no reeult without a cause; would it not be wise for merchants to trace out the cause, aa near as may tie, o resnits, and seek an antidote? Does it show generosl justice towarde men that are honest, and that do pay their debts, to pa- tiently wink at the delinquencies of their bora? Let us take anexemple. Mr. A is a New York jobber; on his salebcoks, regularly twice a year, appears the mame cf B, a country retailer; twice a year Mr. B's name is entered on his cash book, and twice a year his ledger shows s balance, This has been the case for five or more successive years. At this time a Mr. C applies for credit; he is about to open a store in the same town, and next docr to Mr. B. Hie qualification, ‘and upon which he bases his claims fort credit, is a capi- tal of $2,000, which he represents he is worth. The job- ter reasoxs thus:—Why, there’s B at the same place; has always paid us promptly; ind be says he's got $2,000; Font fee why b ra ir risk. Mr. C makee succeed, The result in, he him sil he can that he considers his sppearance in New York much oftener than old B, buys a great many more goods, and ergo receives muek more attention, and is shown none but the most desira- Ve goods. Eighteen months have passed; old B has made his semiannual visit, aud his name appears regu- larly upon the cash book and ledger, but each time re- dueedin amount. The jobber shrugs his shoulders, #1 old Bis getting to be an old fogy. I guess C has taken ‘wind out of his sai}, his bookkeeper assenta, but remarks “he pays promptly, and we can’t ray as much for C.”? Now let us ifn visit a this reste eT oe are progressing. e@ arrive in tl ening; at 8 o’siock in the morning we walk over to (’s store; as we enter we nee @ couple of small boyr, with their hair well 1g covers from the ia, dust- you walk back you discover twoor three more “young gentlemen,” with more olly locks and more rakish airs—their elegant toilet but halfoompleted. They are partaking of the contents of three bottles of water. . They are too much eng: to discover you, snd you listen unwittingly to the ring conversation: — “How like —I feel this morning!” ‘I don’t wonder, were £6 d—d tight you could'nt see whole tas Hew much ehampagze did we drink last night?” “God knows! I paid for five bottles. You spoilt those it tres bear you?” ‘Yes, and burst a new patent ‘We now s‘ep forward and ask if Mr. ©. is in? The most distingué of the trio steps forward, and as he turns his bloodahet eyes upon you, you involuntarily think—well, you must have béen very tight, if one night’s debauch gave you suche countenance. ‘No sir; Mr. C is not down yet; he will be in—let’s see (looking af and exhibiting his gold watch) in about an bourand s halt. Can wedo anything for you!” We thack him, say we'll cll again, and proceed to call on B. As we enter his door, he for- ward himself greets us cordially, and seema gratified ai our visit. He asks to be excused a few moments, (asa customer has entered the store) and we take a survey of his store. The covers are off, the goods neath: |, the lamp trimmed ard everything prepared for the day's ba- sinees. An honest looking, plainly dressed clerk comes in, he to his counterpart, ‘You ean now go to break- Bis now direngaged. We inquire “how hie trade hae been!” “Not so good of late. My zeighbor, Mr. C. sells his goods so cheap that-h en many of my ‘best customers from me. My past ex; a8 me that I must make rensonab.e profits on my goods, or the neoeneary expenses at‘ending business, t with the depreciation of and s rakish sir, remo ing, & soon rum me behind. I have, therefore, and I think jhe 7», lightened my purchases, and I sometimes begin to think I shall have quit the business.” We have touched only the surface in this review; but mark the sequel. In six monthe Rr. Mr. C. presents himself at our Meats room and the same time prerents a paper, which he blandly re- quests you to sign. It iss bond rele him from bis indebtedness, upon eondi-ion of his paying thirty cents ‘the dolla: fe ack what he has done with hie effects. now; his expenses have been large; he hae been obliged to sell bong Li s4 At eont and lena, in order to meet his payments; thet he offers all he can pay, and ‘unless it ia settled soon he shall be com; assign, and then we will get nothing. We sign bis bond, and im sixty deys he is in the market buying a fresh stock, and Kk, will merchants sell him freely, supposing he has made money by his com: Does t.is not remind one of the fable of the -‘hare and the tortoise?” This is a weak rey rerentation of ene in thousands of similar canes. It the bene of trade, and illustrates too truly one of the few causes that render the dry gooas job>ing business se precarious. The same evil exists toa greaver or less extent among the jobbers of New York. A house springs up with an actual cash capital, sufficient todo safely a business of four or five hundred thourand dollars per an- mum. Their ambition induces them 10 strive to do smil- lion, They therefore place themselves under enormous expenres, take almost any risk, and in some cases will sell to sny one that will pay part cash. Their liabilities are le their available aseets are ae ing, paying: ine, ey years, when if their affairs were sudcenly brought to @ close they would be hopelessly insolvent. Does this not open up 8 wice field for thought? It, by selling and safe ‘men swail amounts at reasonable profits, joober is enabled to realize in time a sure competency, is it not, better than to hazard everything upon one year’s busi- ness, and sell to all promiscuously, regardless of their character or antecedents, and trust co the smartness of themselves or their satecmen to collect or secure wher Why do not merchante ask each other if they cannot by unity of action seek out some remedy for the crying evil of ** ohana Thold that a merchant esting to compound his debts should bring from men of fnown integrity in hie own locality, a certificate, stating upon their oath, froar their best knowledge and be ief, the cause of hie miafor- tupe. If it is from want of attention to his affairs, waste- ful extravagance, unfortunate rpeculations, or fiat dis- honesty—which is as excusable as any of tae other eauser—his creditors should ome and all refuse to release him from one iota of theirclaim. Ais name shi registered on books kept for the purpose, to which free sccers should ‘be given, and thus lace’ it bagosd bis power toswindle the community a sesonc time, or by & —— ~ settlement induce others to try the seme ex- periment. This ie aeubject fraught with vital iaterest toe very large portion of our citizens, and to aid m ite regenera~ tion will give abundant employment to some of your strongest writers, Ponder upon it, and let your consti- tuents have the benefit of your reflections. Show us theory to buiid upon, and ‘advocate ita practice. Mer- chants are your patrons; let thera see that you are wil'| ling to requite them. The first chord has beem toushed—| it remains for you to make the whole vibrate, A. J. OBBER. A Lvoxy Frurow.—The Rogersville, (Tennes- ree,) Times haa the following:—A short time since » Jow from Buffalo Creek, Oarter county, was impricoced im Flizabethtown jail, for burning statu. The citizens oftha pla rning that he was from ighborhoo | where the smallpox was raging broke open the jail aad turned, him out, and then told him if he didn’t leave towo im fit teen minutes, they would tar and feather him,