The New York Herald Newspaper, November 10, 1855, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIEDOR AND EDITOR. SYPICE N. E. CORNER OF NASSAU AND YULTON STS MS cosh én ackoance, DAILY HERALD, 2 annum, mery, oF iB per annem any part of Gre ition, $4 per aanum, & he Continent, both 4f used sill be SVONDENTS aki AND PACKAGaS AMUSEMENTS THIS &VENING, BROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway—Paony Carny—Ux ba a ee SLRS, ASSURANCE AND Yanneg MODESTY —Lusu Tro: BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery—Wnaiam Txu—3enas- morel. BURTON'S THEATRE, Chambers etreet—Davio Oorran- muLp—AL The Wor.’s 4 Stace, WALLAOK’S THEATRE, Broadway—W) Fm rest Destiny —LAVATER. ik pickin ‘WOOMS MINSTRELS, 444 Broadway—Rruiortan Psr- WORMANCES, BUOKIEYS BURLESQUE OPERA HOUSE, 539 Broad- ‘way—Boniungve Orens axp Necro Minstaeisy. WECHANIOS’ #1. Br —I 5 ‘* ALL, 472 Brosdway—Puor, MACALLISTER’S ACADEMY HALL, 664 Broadway—Barnix or Buvaxs EMPIRE HALL, 506 Broadway—Tovr oy Evnore—Stece @@ Bunsstorot, : HIPPODROME—Tom Taump—Witp Antwats—Invians. New York, Saturday, November 10, 1855. The New York Weekiy Herald. ‘SHE ELACTION RETURNS—NEWS FROM EUROPE, NICA- BAGUA, ETC., ETO. ‘The Warxiy Hunsth willbe published at ten o'clock this morning. Its content will embracs the fullest and latest weturns of the recent Elections ; News from Europe, Nicara- wee, &c.; Financial, Commercial, Political, Religious, Thextrt- al and Sporting Intelligence ; leading Editorials on various topios ; the Intest news by telegraph and a variety of local and missellaneous items. Single copies, in wrappera, ready dor mailing, can be had atthe counter, Price, alxpence. The News. The question as to the result of the State elec- tion is now settled. Returns from all the counties in the State but six—excepting some few unimpor- tant districts—have been received, and they give the following totals:— Headley, Know Nothing... ‘Ward, hard shell democrat. Hatch, soft shell democrat King, repubiican.... Mr. Headley’s plurality thus far is 7,611. All the Senatorial districts but one have been heard from. ‘That body will probably stand: Know Nothings, 9; democrats, 9; republicans, 14 We have yet to hear from eleven Assembly districts. As far as as” eertained 28 Know Nothings, 47 democrats, and 42 republicans have been chosen to that body. With regard to the city and county officers there remains hardly the shadow of adoubt. The re- turns are nearly all in, and they exhibit the fol- lowing:— Comptroler.......Giles, K. N., over Flagg, soft. ..1,133 Com. Rep. & Sup. .Selah, soft, over Southworth, K.N.1,661 Sheriff... Willett, soft, over Toone, K. N.. .2,834 Gity Inspector. ..Morton, K. N., over Downing, soft.3,675 County Clerk,... .Connolly, soft, over Beatty, K. N.7,689 Gorporation Att’y.Shepherd, soft, over Glover, K.N.1,448 Street Com’er.... Taylor, K. N., over Howard, dem, .2,672 Seward has received several particularly hard knocks daring the election. He defined his position im Albany, and was beaten by thirty-five hundred; delivered a speech in Buffalo, and was defeated by three thousand; and Auburn, his residence, gives Headley a majority of fifty-eight over the fusion can- didate. The result in Wisconsiy is very doubtful. The democrats aud republicans were neck and neck at the last accounts. In our foreign correspondence there will be founa, in a letter from Nancy, the details of the controversy now carrying on between the Swiss goverament and our reprerentative, Mr. May, in relation to an outrage committed by the police of Basle on a nata- ralized American citizen named Pfund, whose poli- tical antecedents do not seem to have afforded any just grounds fdr the treatment he received. Mr. Fay, acting in the meek spirit of Christianity and of the administration which sent him out, has con- tented himself with an inquiry as to the motives of the proceedings against Pfund; and the Bunde - wrath, founding its action on the gentle ch wacter of that interrogatory, has condescendingly pro- mised to inquire “more particularly into the per- sonal qualities and relation’ of the said Pfund.” If weak governments like that of Switzerland are al- lowed thus to postpone at their pleasure the decision of questions affecting the rights of our citizens, we caxnot expect that strong one will be more ready to respect them. Read the letters of our corres- pondents from the different European capitals, in to-day’s paper, and jadge for yourselves of the respectable position which American diplomacy and intivence at present enjoy abroad. A correspondence from St. Petersburg, which we translate from the columns of Le Nord, gives the lie to all that we have heard and read regarding the unpopularity of the war in Russia, and the exhausted resources of that empire. According to this state- ment—and it has the marks of probability—the Russ people regard the contest as one of ne- cessity, uphold it with the most patriotic enthnsi- asm, and are prepared to sustain it indefinitely, with sevources the extent of which their enemies do not even dream. This correspondence sams up the whole idea in the two pithy sentences, “ We have faith and perseverence. We will fight.” The Madrid Gazette of October 19th announces that the Secretary of the Haytian legation, who had avrived in that city, had given, both verbally and in writing, satisfactory explanations as to the griev ances of the late Spanish Consul at Hayti. The agent and warden of the Clinton State Prison offer a reward of $160 for the arrest of James Greene, Jackson Utley and John Earls, convicts, who es- caped from that institution on the 7th inst. The propeller Finley exploded her boiler when near Port Stanley, Canada West, yesterday morn. ing. She sunk instantly. Seven men and one wo- man lost their lives. The balance of the crew, fit- teen in number, were taken olf floating fragments of the wreck. The Board of Councilmen last night passed through their meeting without any excitement. Election is over, and hence the lack of Buncombe talking which we had in the Board during the last two or three months. The night was taken up with the third reading of bills. Cotton was more active yesterday, the salea hav- ing embraced about 2,000 bales, part to arrive. The market closed at an advance of | a } cent per pound. Flour opened heavy, but rallied under a good do- mestic and export demand, and closed firm at the previous day’s quotations, There was no marked change in wheat, while sales were made to a fair ex- tent. Corn closed at 5c. a 96c. Pork was tolerably active, at unchanged rates. Snagars were in better request, and the sales embraced about 500 hhda, Cuba, with 300 do. New Orleans, by auction, which established an advance of abont } a } cent per pound. The sales also embraced 1,490 boxes in bond. Freights were heavy in the forenoon, espe giaily to Liverpool, but rallied in the afternoon, and <losed firmer. There was more doing both for Great Lritain and the continent. Pu Losses.—The Pisince, in our late election, lost his repatation as @ prophet; in the canvass he lost his temper and the confidence of the Kitchen Cabinet and the Qvevom House: but, worse than all, it is re- ported thot he lost five humdred doWars in a bet wish w Southern man upvn th: State of New York. What says the ojd proverb? ) country ia the Kansas coatrove adaing Empor- | NEW” YORK HERALD, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 10, 1855. ‘ | The Great Questton of Slavery in Congress— The Kansas Controversy Bet Diwn set Trial, Perhaps in the whole catalogue of blanders of the administration of Gea. Pierce, there is hot ope more intriusicaily mischievous asd in- excusable than that has iavelved the | y. lisadi pute arising wholiy oat of the hesitatiag, tim which serving, and, indeed, ardly aod im urse of Pieree and his mosaic Cabiact It is ia the spirit and temper of the policy that drew aiministration of the government men of every shade of telief— men who could fiad waity of purpose, entire and cordial agreemeot only in one thing —ia evjoying the benefits of office and in distribat- ng the loave’ and fishes te a bungry crowd of dependents as void of priaciple as themselves. The legitimate fruits of sach an administration are seen in the division ofthe country into three parties on the Kansas question-—those who sus tain Whitfield, those who sustain Reeder, aad those who deny the legality of the election of either and maintain that the act of Congress organizing goverament in Kansas remains executory, so far as the people of Kansas were called upon to put it into operation. It matters not how this controversy happen- ed to be raised. It isa practical question now; and after having excited a large share of iate- rest in the recent electiens, it is set dowa for discussion and determination in the coming Congrese. Gen. Whitfield and Gov. Reeder will present their respective credentials to that body, and claim a seat upon the floor of the House—the former by virtue of the election on the Ist ultimo, held in obedience to a law of the Territorial Legislature, and the latter by virtue of purely democratic meetiags ou the 9th of the same month. By these agencies the great question of popular sovereignty will come up for review; and it will involve the whole matter of American slavery, aad will be likely to elicit a full expression of the views of the two extremes of the Union, Gen. Whitfield will undoubtedly be able to make aprima facie case. When Congress shall inquire, according to the uniform rules of that body in cases of contested elections, for the law under which he was returned, he will re fer tothe statutes of the Territorial Legisla- ture, to the poll lists, and to his majority of into coulit! in the votes. At precisely this point, Governor Reeder will meet an insurmountable difficulty; he will be able to refer to no other law, as a basis of his claim, than the skeleton act of Congress organizing yovern- ment, or permissory of such organization, in Kansas; an act passed on the distinct principle and avowal that Congress had no other consti- tutional power over the matter than such as was imposed by necessity; and of course that necersity extended no further than the general authorization of the people of Kansas to or- ganize a local Territorial government, and to exercise therein plenary legislative functions, Congress said to the people of Kansas, “Act for yourselves—you, the bona fide settlers, are alone entitled to be heard in the administration of your local affairs.” Now, Governor Reeder alleges that there was an effort made to give effect to this principle, but that it failed by the illegal interventions of Missourians, It this proves anything, it proves too much for his purposes as a contestant ‘for a seat—it proves that there has been no legal organization ot the Territorial Legislature at all, and of course that there has, therefore, been no legal elec- tion. In thus contesting Whitticld’s claim, he shuts himself out, and throws the whole case back on the act of Congress, which remains, as we have said, executory. In adopting the prin- ciple of self-fovernment, Congress did not in- tend to give sanction to anarchy, which it would certainly do by declaring that the town meetings returning Reeder were legal expres- sions of the popular will. The position of Gov. Reeder is one of great difficulty; for if he un- dertakes to sustain the irregular proceedings on the 9th of October, Gen. Whitfield may use his arguments with still greater effect to sus- tain the election of the Ist of October. Be- sides that which wouNM be sniicient to defeat Reeder might not be sufficient to defeat his op- ponent; but it seems certain that the arga- ments to sustain the former will better sustain the latter. The question is one of the highest practical interest, and it is not unlikely that the real friends of the Kansas bill will take the occasion thoroughly to sift the whole proceed- ings in that Territory; and if they find that the people have not been permitted to express their real and unbiased judgment in obedience to the guarantees of the act of Congress, they will insist upon securing to them that privilege. Those who have seizcd upon the partizan brawls upon that frontier, to bring into disre- pute the principles of selfgovernment, or to subserve the ends of faction, here or there, will be met by the unanswerable argument that the whole matter was referred by Congress to the people of Kansas; and that they are the sole arbiters, unintiuenced by intervention from any source. What position the abolitionists will take in the controversy it is not easy to see. If they sustain Reeder—who comes without a sign of regularity, under no law, with no certificate of election—protesting against the legality of the legislative organization and against the election of the first of October—how can they afterwards oppose absolute popular rights?’ Governor Reeder is the representa- tive of those rights, in their erudest expres- sim—by sustaining him upon them, in his claims before Congress, they are certainly foreclosed against denying their exietonce ever afterwards; and especially whea manifested through the filtering process of regular legal elections. Meanwhile it may appear that, in allbuman probability, Reeder is the actual representative of a majority of the poople of Kansas; and if so, a case will be made whieh will compel Congress to remand the contes- tants back to the people. “To General Pierce and his seven men in buckram—his motley Cabinet—the coantry is indebted for this whole Kansas imbroglio. Their weak and vacillating course, their silly attempt at managing affairs in the Territory, and their shameless neglect of the true princi. ples of the Territorial act, entailing every con- ceivable form of anarchy, have produced these fruits, by driving a just law into disrepute and making the subject a bone of contention in all the State elections, and now foremost among the measures to distract and agitate the coun. cils of the nation. acini Too Hxavy.—Mr Jobn Cochrane is known as the liberal man who pledged himself to “carry the President ia his arms.” He is also the | man to whom was assigned, by Mr, Yan Burea, Yo bebal! of the softs, the “heavy business” of the ‘late election. Now, we understand that the Prince says that be overestimated the streqeth of Mr, Cocbrane’s arms in the late canvars, ox hé wonld never bave predicted a roitishell plurality of fitty thoneacd, Carry | the Presideng in bisarms!’? “Heavy busicess,”, sure-enongh. Let the Prince apply “a poor man’s phase and let none of us for the fatace pat oar trast in princes, Lord Etiesm ’s Speech.Mutary Character of the Amertean People, Lord Ellesmere bas made uw speech ia Eog- Jand ov the suiject of the war, aod has taken occdsion io say that “the United States are the mos} warlike nation inthe world.” is that “when the invasion of Mexico was pro jected, which was ratber a buccapeering sort of ap expedition, they advertised for men, and ao urmy of 20,000 men was forthcoming it a fortnight.” If the ability to raise 20,000 men in a fortnight constitutes the most warlike nation iu the world, then the United States must be something more than warlike; for not 20,000, but 350,000 men voluateered and ia- scribed their names in the office of the War Department during the war with Mexico. New York alone raised ten regiments, all of which were ready and anxious to serve. These evidences of the war-loving spirit of the people were given at a time when the efforts of the government were rather directed to repress than to stimulate enlistments; aud it is there- fore not unreasonable to suppose that, if any exertions had been required and made, the number of volunteers wonld have rather ex- ceeded than fallen short of halt amillion. At all events, 350,000 offers to serve are pretty well for a nation whose destiny and pursuits are essentially peacefal. In the old republic The reason of Rome, where trade was ignoble, and agriculture left to a small class of the people, it was usual to estimate that in the event of an attack on the State, twelve per cent of the total popula- tion were able to serve in the military. But so large a proportion was only called oat on one or two disastrous occasions in the history of the republic. The conscriptions in Eucope may be said to convert an average of one-six tieth of the whole population into soldiers; but this it must be remembered is the effect of a system which is regarded as one of the most hateful fruits of despotism, and against which the people have never ceased to marmur. Great Britain—the only nation which has adopted the same voluntary plan of enlist- ments as ourselyes—has a standing army of one two-hundredth part its population. When a fourth or a third of this army was cut off by tte epemy and disease in the Crimea, and a law passed authorizing the formation of second and third battalions in most of the regiments, it was discovered that the material for new le- vies did not exist, or would not serve. Not- withstanding all the efforts that have been made, Great Britain has not yet filled up the gaps that were made in her army during last winter. Her military efficiency may there- fore be set Gown as not more than, if as much as one two-handredth part of her popalatioa ; while ihat ef ithe United States, as we said, muy be safely estimated at the very high per cent of one-fiftieth to one-fifty-fifth. It is troublesome, no doubt, to be’ stopped in the street by these target processions, and an- uoying to have the sempitcraal din of martial musts in one’s ears. But it must be remem- | hergd that these volunteer companies consti- tutelin reality the best hope of the country in ease of war, Our standing army isa drop in the bucket-—barely sufficient to garrison even of our small foruesees, The real de- fenders of the country are the mechanics, the printers, the tailors, the laborers, the carters, and others who in time of peace do not live on their country, but earn an honest livelihood for themselves, and take care meanwhile to keep up their acquaintance with the musket and the rifle by a target excursion every now and then. These men do not make such a show as phe be- dizened and betagged and be feathered soldiers of Europe: but they can send a ball through a man’s bat at seventy or a hundred yards, and are not likely, if they were sent to an assault, to come back as some of the new Britich levies did at the Redan, and say that “they didu’t know what was the matter wit! their guns, but they wouldn’t go off, somehow.’ Tweenir Dew anp Twe gan of the Kitehen Cabinet at Washington thus lays down the law to the New York Pierce Van Buren democracy: — one on that (deli. \ made a tost with his patronage Wo stowed em any who » tothe Van Baren policy ot Is8, ithas been bestowed under a total micappred sion. And the Bujulo Republic, soft shell Vau Buren organ, thus knocks this bit of unmean- ing jargon in the head: Mi President Pierce has nw test for flies for office, then he had beiter tumble him. relf ont, pick np his “dads” and go back to the hill. of New Hampshire at the earliest possiole moment. It is wl) knows that he himee!f has refused frem tue begin ning to stand upon that platform, having violated at Ure outset its most important weslution “ts oppowe un slienably all agitation upon the subject of sinvery whether in or out of Congress.’” What a difference .there is, to be sure, be twixt tweedle dum and tweedle dee? Aud yet Jota Van Buren has rightly explained it as the difference betweeu Mr. Pierce aud the ad- ministration. It this war govs on, what sbali we do for saltpetre ? 4 the platform of 185 Crase, or Onto, oN THE Massacivserts Eee TION—CoLp Conrort.—The following letter fiom 8. P. Chase, the black repubtican Gov ernor elect of Ohio, was read at the meeting of the Seward, Chase and Wilson fusionists in Faneuil Hall, Boston, a few days before the elections of Tucaday Last: CiNCNNAT, Ont. 26, 1855. My Dear Doctor—It rejoices my heart to low that You anticipate ® brilkent triumph to the repndtiean erase in old Mane tte, Wthe Bay State and New be we shall he, with wi mnsels, impregnable in 1856, Among my anxieti the late election bere, not the least was that reapecti ‘uence which the seealt w other States, Tthank God . That thought alo all the trials 1 bave unde gone, with your request to speak. Had it.» might have done #0, but it ts impossibl taitiafnlly, Dr. Stone. “A brilliant triumph.” And it “ rejoices his heart” to learn that they e ot it, What @ lucky thing for this rejoicing Me. Chase, that the election in Ohio came olf be: fore those of New York and Massachusetts. Let him rejoice over that, if he can, A Monet, Proctama rie Mayor Cross, of Milwaukie, issued a proclamation on the eve of the election, requesting the “ keepers of liquor saloons and lager bier balis to close their re- epective places on Tuesday, the 6th inst., and all go to the potls and vote the straight demo- cratic ticket |” fo the baok of Mr. Cockraue, | of Pastmore*Williamson goes for nothing, That Tus Turee Artrct Doncers.—Gen. Pierce, Jchn Van Buren and William H, Seward are vet at this moment io an extremely embarrass- ing situation, The elections have turned ont | ludly—things are working decidedly a; the pecroes. White wen are as much respecte us black men—-the goverament is worth as mach The three months’ martyrdom ws it ever was. able humanitarian who went to prison to suse Of biggerdom bas bad Lis lavur delec aid the for his pains. He has found out, poor soul, tf such dodges don’t take in these smart times. Lt is certainly no way to electiogeer, that of get- tivg into ‘contempt of court and getring into coutempt with every body, to excite a little sympathy for the cause of black re caniem. The restoration of the Missouri com- premise was another failure, and a very bad failure it is, too. Restoration wa3 evidently too big a word for the elections—the people could not understand it. Gen. Pierce thought to please the North by putting Reedgr into Kaneas, and to satisfy the South by turning him out. All he has succeeded in doing is to get the squatters into a quarrel, himself into pretty general contempt and intoa very general minority. He is operating on Custom House scraps in Maine and New Hampshire, hae gone into liquidation in New York and Massachn- setts, is repudiated in Wisconsin, never bad any business in Ohio, is agent for Buchanan in Pennsylvania, wrecked on the coast ot Lake Michigan for want of harbors, and is paid out as depreciated paper in the entire South, where the true coins of democracy are reserved for the new partnership of 1856. In fact, his only triumph is in the defeat of Gen. Scott, who, by law, was entitled to thirty thousand dollars from the Treasury, but has been cheated out of two-thirds of it by the President. General Pierce will now be able to place his entire re- liance on the South, who will use him as an old blanket, to keep off early political frosts until] the sun of the next campaign shall rise, and then be thrust aside to rot in his wonted obscurity. Jobn Van Buren went into business this sea- son on a large capital of fifty thousand excel- lent counterfeits; but he squandered it all by hatching up a wager against the king, and is now bankrupt again. But the Prince is “a man of the world,” and by many is thought to do the best business while “picking up round” the little odds and ends belonging to his neigh- bors. He is a political confidence man, and the trick he played on Pierce, by which he re- lieved that functionary of nearly all his spare offices, and his character besides, is proof that he is just now without a rival in that line. As for poor Mr. Seward, who followed the Trilune into the heat and burden of the fight to recover that Malakoff of political humbugs, the Missouri compromise, and then followed it out again, swearing vociferously that there was no such institution to be re-taken, he is the most pitiable object on the surface of Ame- rican politics, His Justice, Equality and Free- dom--a brilliant conception—which he set down in New York to fight slavery out of Vir- ginia—to demolish the patricians—have come out of the contest like Doa Quixotte in several similar encounters, not quite up to his expecta- ions. His engineering was bad, his guns of too light a calibre. In truth, his forces were oo safely posted. He though: to save himself by getting out of the range of the enemy’s works, forgetting that if he was beyond their reach they were beyond his, At all events in General Pierce, John Vaa Buren and William H. Seward we have three very prominent and three very mach defeated individua!s. The union of their force, so often hinted at, would bring either of them about on a par with John Tyler, so tar as supporters are concersed, though it would sadly fail to come up to that gentleman jn character, patriotism und service to the country. John’s fifty thou- sand, including “my father’s vote,” is undoabt- cdly the greatest loss; and if we superadd to this John’s loss of confidence in the Presideat and the President’s loss of confidence in Joba, and John’s fears about the effects of Seward’s course upon the integrity of the federal union, the position of the Prince becomes very pain- ful. The political reader is reminded by it— an interesting coincidence-—of that remarka- ile lamentation of the ex-President many years ago: “My suflerings is intolerable.” Tue Exection or Danivi E. Sicxurs—A Broan Hini—Mr. Daniel B. Sickles was elect- ed to the State Senate from the lower district of this city, by the union softsand hards, against the wishes of the Custom House and Tammany Hall, avd upon this noteable plat- form:--He was in tavor of the re-naton of the de. mocratic party, without reference to the atmin- istration, Pierce, Marcy, uson, or any of the leaders on either side who have kept the hards and softs at loggerueads, off and on, ever since the original splitupon Martia Van Buren. in fact, it was distinctly understood in the late canvass that Mr. Sickles was in favor of the re- union of the democracy upou Mr. Bachanan us their candidate for the Presidency; and the puis which Mr. Sickles has received from the Washington Union were doubtless from Colonel Forney, of the Kitchen Cabinet, who is also in favor of Mr. Buchanan, in consideration of this position of Mr, Sickles. This fact may also serve to explain the distinction which has been made by John Van Buren betweea the Presi- dent and the administration—the President being in favor of Mr. Pierce or Marcy for the succession, and the administration being divid- ed upon Mr. Buchanan and other candidates, John Van Buren, in sticking to Mr. Pierce, has failed, while Mr. Sickles, in standing by Bu- chanan, apart from the administration and Mr. Pierce, as the basis for the re-union of the party, has sueceeded. “Straws show the cur- rent of the wind Tux Marviann Exvectrion axnp tim Apwinis- vratiox.—-The defeat of the democratic party inthe Maryland elections is uoquestionanly due to the dead weight of the ad ministration, which the party had to carry. Tue adminis. tration threw itself into the canvass, the party fought the battle in behalf of the administra tion, and the result is before us. Mr. Wise knew better what he was about In old Vi nia. He ignored and kept the administration out of sight from first to last. sults ia | Maryland sustain our views of the last two years inregard to the campaign of ‘56. Let the opposition national party ratly for a nuw administration in direct opposition tinuance of the general policy foreign and do- mestic, of Mr. Pic and his Cabinet “und a new administration will be the fnevitable re- sult, The people of NeweYork, Massachasette and Maryland spontaneously second the motion. to the coo- Barrisa Spanish rule on this side of the water. subject — It ix because we see no hope of finding in the United States a government capable of preventing its citizens from waging privaie war on their own aczount against the best friends and truest allies of the great repuolic, that we are most unwillingly compelled, even in the midst ofthe great Kuropeac struggle in which we are epgaget, to axsume a defensive attitude, in order to trample out the first sparks of this fire. That which she cannot do we are compelied at last, bo far as the lawless enterprises divested against ourselves go, to do for her. There are plenty of people in this country who will regard this exposition of the policy of her Majesty’s government in sending a large fleet here, as a masterly piece of impertinence; and there are others who will not fail to regard any attempt of that government to supply the deficiencies of this republic, real or imaginary, as an intolerable piece of impudence. Fortu- nately we are “at peace with all the world;” but peace is a boon dearly bought when bar- tered in exchange for British ships of war to act as auxiliary of the government of the Uni- ted States. When we need assistance, either to enable us duly to exercise the internal affairs of the country, or to enable our government to execute its obligations to foreign States, we ought to have the privilege of choosing our friends. The solution of this whole matter will probably be found to be in a radital dif- ference which has arisen between Mr. Buchanan and the British Secretary upon Spanish Ame- rican affairs. We have a long outstanding ac- count fo settle with the Court of Madrid; and it is undeniably the policy of England that that account shall not be closed on American estimates of its merits, The British govern- ment having settled upon the character of Mr. Pierce’s administration—recollecting the bombardment of Graytown, the backing down on the Ostend Conference, its shuffling and cowardly domestic policy—have wisely concluded that a few ships of war, a little menace and a broad hint at positive interven- tion, even in our local administrative system, would have a good effect—most likely, indeed, drive Mr. Buchanan out of London, and Gen. Pierce—the valiant Gen. Pierce—into submis- We have no idea that Great Britain is about to undertake a new colonial office—that of strengthening the arm of the American go- vernment by British ships of war. The Time has been employed as an avant courrier, to give the warning signal; and the British Minister at Washington, doubtless, is instructed to watch sion. the trembling spungy sentine's who fill the Cabinet bureaus and the Executive office. If Gen Pierce gets another shake of the agac, we may understand that on the whole he thinks it better to accept the proffered aid of her Majesty’s fleet to strengthen bis govern- ment against the filibusteros, and to prevent the “disastrous and fratricidal war” which the Times invokes as a remedy for American dis- orders, It is all very well to play tricks on our indomitable administration—but this send- ing ships of war over here avowedly for the purpose of ruling the American people, is another affair. Neither the British govern- ment nor people have any right to interfere in our affairs; and it is an act as much of folly as of madnees thus to attempt to do so. We choose to hold Spain to account, and we pro- pose to settle with her on such terms as justice may suggest. The policy of Harope—the status quo—has nothing todo with our affairs with Spain. It is in fact to prevent us from de- manding of that government what is right—to override our claims by the follies of Eurepean policy—that the movement of Great Britain bas been made to assume its present warlike, at least threatening, attitude. Spain, like Tur- key, is sick; but France and England are not ready yet to administer upon her estates. Meantime the present is an interlocutory pro- ceeding, intended to prevent the distribution of the assets, Wuat Nexv?—The Clayton-Bulwer Central American treaty has been cancelled. Eaglaad falls back upon her protectorate of the Mos quito coast, and we ought to fall back upon the old solid Monroe doctrine of European non-intervention in the domestic affairs of the independent nations of this North American continent, But we understand that Col. Kin- ney, elected Governor of the village and pro- vince of Greytown by the people thereof, is to be put down by our administration, Is this the Monroe doctrine, or the inaugural, or equat- ter sovereignty, or what is it 2 What is slave- ry driving at? What comes next? Broapway Tratre —The engagement of Mr, and Mra. Parney Williams closed last evemng, with a benefit to Mrs. Williams, The bill included four of the light plecea iu which this talented couple areso famous, and the house was densely crowded inevery part. The receipts amounted to apout $1,400, This evening Mr.and Mrs. Williams appear for the last time here, and on Monday they play in Baltimore, At the Broadway next whek, Miss Julta (een will play in the “ Hunchback,” “Love,” “ Fazio,” &o., &e, Miss Dean has not acted here for two years. She playa Julia on Monday night. Marine Affairs. Launc.—The schooner J. H. Toone was launched from the Westervelt shipyard on Thursday morning last. The J. HT. isa light draft schooner of 150 tons, intended for the consting trade, and is owned by 4. G. Bogert. ‘Tus SIRAWERIP StaR OF tH Wet ailed yesterday after. noon, for Fan Juan. A list of her passwngers can be found in another columa, earecipG m% Barn, Me—The Bath Tribune gives a ist of nineteen ships and one bark, now on the stocks oy Just lurched in that city. They moasure, in the ag- urcgate, 16 680 tons. Some of them are quite ready tor jawnehing, end as soon as they are off the stocks, the keels of others will be laid in their places. Yur Bank MAGNOLA.—This vessel, as our readers ace 4 limbo’ gince ast satamer, de the subject of Hitigation in the Unit if violating the toge'her with hor darg>, under rf States Marshal, on vescerdiy. ‘The vole, as we learn, took place wader ® dezree of the Court, rendered by } The vossel and Ler store of aris ana ammunition were knocked down at y nominal price to the original ownere—no bid being oitered against them. A large crowd was ia at tenoance, who 1 ht, doubtless, that the owners had already st enough om the vesoel ana her freightage to evtitie them to whatever advantage was to be de rived from te Bale Mobile Register, Now, 3. neutrality the bamm Board of Councilmen, ‘This Board aesembled in their chambers yesterday af. ternean; resident, DD, Conover, in the chatr, The minutes were then read, and upon motion adopted, ‘This being the evening for the third reading of bills, a wnimportant papers were brought up for the third wend my 1 ; x The Beard then went into Committee of the Whole, Councimen Vermi yea in the chair: put of any moment was done dusing tbe evening. Jepve, and twenty eight op furiough; anj thet the ———$ ene Smrs Governrve Amenrca.—The British government ao few years ago seat ns the Tripartite treaty, which had been sigaed by France and England, and asked as to be- come a party to it, by which the three Powers would agree to gusrantee the integrity of That government finding the Cabinet of Washingtoa unwilling to become a party to such guaran- tees, pow sends usa formidable fleet, avowedly for the purpose of carrying out the conditions of that treaty. But they goa step farther, and paternally announce to the American people that insomuch as their government is conte+s- edly too weak to control its people, they will new undertake to do about half of the work for them. The Vimes is very explicit upon this THE LATEST NEWS. BY ELECTRIC AND PRINTING TELEGRAPHS, From Washington, THE PAY OF PROMUTED NAVAL OFPIORRS—AID AND COMPORT YOR COLONNL KINNEY—TINE MEXICAN TUREE MILLION INSTALMENT—MR. RUCHANAN’S SUCCESSOR, ETC. Wasuincron, Nov. 9, 1855. The Secretary of the Treaoury has tecided that officers promoted in the na € tobe patd from the éate they take rank, ine {from the date of commission, as here~ tofore held, This decision wilt be gladly received by the present personnel of the navy, whose back pay will be largely increased by is, Copies of the dipbanatio correspondence between Mr. Buchanan and Lord Clarendon on the conflicting inter- pretations of the Clayton Bulwer treaty now on file in the Department of State, clearly show the correctness of my: Cespatch statimg thet the treaty was at an end. whole policy of the adminiptration towards the Central American States will be {ebanged, and in spite of Mr. Cushing, “ aid and comfort” will be extended tw Colouel Kinney with a view to ea:ly annexation. The insinuations thrown out that Commodore Panld- ing had been ordered to proceed to Nicaragua had turn- ed out to be premature, Commodore Paulding, it is well known, belongs to the Home Squadron, and, as it is also well known that Le was going in that direction, the administration msy have instructed him to stop at Nicaragua and ascertain the true state of affairs with reference to the recent difficulties of which Mr, Wheeler complains. ‘ ‘The Cabinet had enother protracted session to-day, and a successor to Mr. Buchanan, I understand, was one of the subjects under consideration. Tlearn that the protest of the Mexican government against the payment of Santa Anna’s drafts is merely a decree declaring them void. Will not the next decree declare the treaty itself void? Mr. Cushing, it is be- Heved, will advise the immediate payment of the drafts, the sume having been regularly negotiated. Mr. Badge: closed the argument to-day in the Court of Claims on the Florida cases. It will be some days before any decision will be made by the court. ‘Wisconsin Election. Mnwavuir, Nov. 9, 1855. ‘The result of our election upon the State ticket is stilt In doubt, the vote being very close. The Senate stands 14 republicans and 11 democrats, and the Assembly 33- democrats and 82 republicans, as far as reported. Gatuna, Nov. 9, 1855, ‘The returns thus far received from Western Wisconsin show a trifling majority for Bashford, republican, for Governor, , Explosion of a Propelicr. SEVEN MEN AND ONE WOMAN LOST. Burrao, Oct. 9, 1855, The propeller Filey, Captain Langley, burst her dotler yesterday morning, off Port Stanley, ©. W. The atter portion of the vessel was blown away, and she sunk immediately in ten fathoms of water. Seven mem and one woman were lost. Fifteen saved themselves by clinging to portions of the wreck until taken off by @ schooner, The steamer Cleveland brought them to Port Robinson to-night. Sailing of the Sloop-of-War St. Louis, PHrLaDELrnia, Noy. 9, 1855. The United States sloop-of-war St. Louis, Captain Livingston, sailed this morning forj the coast of Africa. She took out Captain Ward, ordered to command the Jamestown, the flag ship of the equadron, and Captain M. Blair, ordered to the Dale, The Africa at Halifax, Outward Bound, Harirax, Nov. 9; 1955. ‘The Cunard steamer Afrien arrived here ut 12:30 from Boston, and gailed again at 2 o'clock A. M., for Liverpool. Markets. PHILADELPHIA STOCK BOARD. PUnLADELVALA, Nov. 9, 1855. Stocks were firm at our first Board this morning, at tho following rates: Peopsylvania Fives, 83; Reading 965 Long island, 14; Morris Canal, 123¢;' Pennsylvania Rail- roan, 424g. LApRIPHIA, Nov. 9, 1855, uring the past. weck have rs, Lowever. alford fall e1a~ ‘The trangactions in ir been quite limited; jloyment tothe mills. No, Lextra is quoted &! vi $23 60. The aggregate sate: 1D Bars and other descriptions of iron are un~ 70 tons, chauged. Bervato, Nov, 9—6 P.M. Flour dul; good Michigan, $8; small salea of Obio extra, at $8 873g. Wheat, moderate request at So. low- er; sales 22.000 bushels at 81 65 for Linois spriag; $1 70 for good Indiana mixes, Corn quiet; sales 2,000 oushela at Sie. a uc. Cats ouli at 88izc, 'Bacley-—enlos 1,000 bushels at private terms. Kye |iwer; sales at $1 08. Ca- nal treights, 18. for wheat 10 Albany, 22. to New York. Flour 7c, to New York. Lake imports for twenty-four hours ending at neon to-day—tlour, 427 bols.; wheat, 3,829 bushels; corn, 2.500 bushels; oata, 4,000 bushulse Our Washington Correspondence. Wasitinaton, October 30, 1855. Poiitics at the Capital-—Cour! of Claims—Oitizen Barneys Glance at the Reorganization of the Navy—The Coming Disclosures of D. I, O.-—-Mr. Guy and General Cass, dc. As euch dawning day draws nearer and uearer the complevion of the political horizon, so increases the spe- culation here relative to the character of the coming Congress. The republicans or Seward mon, it iy supposed will be in majority aver the Know Nothing 12th article, or pro-slavery men, and that the anti-administration men, or hard shells, will be in majority over the softs, ox adminis ration men, It is very clear that the President 8 doing all he can to win back the hardy to their atiegi- ance and a¥ a preliminary step, it would scom, to eurry- favor with them, his organ, the Union, reads Prince Jolin out of church. Now, 1 is well known that the Priace is a sort of pet with Fraak, who no doubt told him that he was to be read out, before the Prince left bere on his tour of the stump. Ina word, John Van Buren aad the Presi dent understand each other just as well as Governor Reeder and Frank Pierce do. The Know Nothings are not # little alarmed at the prosent complexion of ¢hiags, and as the 12th article men will not allow @ fusion with the republicans, th ly hope is to fuse with the anti administra ion democrats, and in this way be able to or- ganize the House by clecting a Know Nothing Speaker. One thing is clear, if they do not get the orga: the House, they will bave a very poor show, and the ad- ministration men will move the North pole to prevent it, In the Court of Claiias to-day, Mr. Sherman, in behalf of the claimants, continued his argument in the great Florica case, baving vow oecupi'd three days.” The facts involved in the case take a wide range over the early hia. ory of Florida, Louisiuna and Texas, taking in the trey- ties with Spain and France, and action of une Secretary. of the ‘leasury iu not recognizing the jusielal dee-oes of the Yerritorial courts of Horlos. Mr. Sherman will be. followed by Mr. Baxter, the soiieitor, Mr. Blair will veply, and Mr. Badger wi'l conclude, [his case will probebly occupy the cemainder of the wee', The cele- brated case of the brig Gececal Armatcong hae been fixed for argument on its merits, by cousent, fur the ith of” November next. Yam. C. Reld, Jr, Haq, of your city, the eon of the gallont captsin who ‘oominanded. the brig, is here preparing the cxve for argument. The Judges of the Conrt have ceelared thay they invend to be governed bya strict course of justice and equity, and that every claimant shall bave » fair chance to establien his rights, while at the same time the government will be protects against all unjust ane trumped-u; licwti ons. ‘The pomphiet tisen Samuel Chess Barney made its appearance to-day, entitled “A Glance at the Reorga- nization of the Navy of the United States, (as recently submitted by the Board of Navy Officers, and spproved by the President,) composing » Model Naval Regisier, or Text Book, and Vay Table, compiled in the busy (!)'mo- ments of a late Lieutenant.’ The preface of the paragh- Jet contains some stringent and caustic remarks on tbe action of the late hoard, based principles of justice, and are well founded. It ix easy to perceive, however, that Citizen Barnef has bad the aid of ler ansel in. is strictnres upon the unjustified sctkn of the fate card, which, he rey@. has been compared to the Bogiish ourt of the “Star Chamber.” Bat Citizen Barney makes. ut the Navy Board «great deal worse than the ‘Star Chamber’? ever war—and 1 thiuk justly, toomfor he aysi—* It directed its notion towards specilied objects of ognizance, exercised its jurisdiction through jadges who, novever obnexions, did not poxsess the most cor- rupting power of self-promotion, and conducted (us inves tigatious through regular forms of process and proce od. 2 although freqnently violating the rights and of the subject, yer it is belleved tust it never it were infiemity with the peash ime.” Citizen Barney is aififeted with. of deafness, and it is supposed was dis pet, as it ix termed—from the service on consequences of ight infirin ‘Glance at the Reorganization of the Navy,’ ns that Commodore S-ewart, though put on the re~ tired list, bax been retained by the Preddent on active cuty, as the bead of the navy, with the full pay, escab- ished by act of Congress, of £4,600 por annum. Com. Josep » retired, 18 retained as chief of the Bureau of id Docks, at a salary of $°,5%); a that all the oftt on the Board promoted themelve:, without exception. Lieut. M. F. Maury, wlio wes aloe put on the retires jist, i« retained ax the heal o” the Ob~ servatory, at Washington, with the pay of $3,000 per an- wum, No great hardship, Cirizen Eacney next proceeds to show thet the Navy Board has grossly viola'ed the act of Congres fr the re- orgonization of the navy, which especially proviies that the aggregate number of officers, and the augreate pay of the grades, -hall not be increased, He sho hat by the promotions made under the reorgantza'ion, there is an addition of seventeen captains retire! on Jeav+ and fonr- teen retired on furloygh, tweoty-one commanders on leave, and twelve on furlough, sixteen lieutenants on -