The New York Herald Newspaper, August 19, 1855, Page 3

thora, have written frm more excellent eur- re The fon which Kloy is most : ce ¢ Mi: nish, io Goeirs heme, 00 long very gencvally read. pee ome trae threo. years since, eet Wtet be" cata permed ny, credit tf and versification. The former was the: who introduced hexa‘-¢ter verze into the of bis nation. The latte, netwidl labora of greater » is still regs, ded as the most finished and perfect model of :tyle It has beensaid that tock imitated M'T‘6., whom he may resemble strength and fery das vers of moral .and religious nature; others olject that his Messiah, thongh having the fivie ‘or its basis, is too much the i creation of the avtzor. Such seem to forget that the poet is himse!?_# prophet, and is from his very mission free to sing of the Christ in his own mind, as he is tree to s:ag cf nuture and of life as they exiat in his own thoy ght und feeling. The law ay which he fs to be judged is probably not the strictness of his acco « with the letter of the ancient sacred bards, ! 4 avcordance with the ever-living sense of pes: in the human mind, which desires and di + the perfect model of character exhibited fi werd in manner, and in deed. Ba nota bard of the very highest rank, he is full of sincerity in } tons, has apon nature an horest hold, is wor-hini 1, and abounding in Maith. No tinge of unb ite’ toward Deity or hu- His pooma, “ An Anferstebung,” his " his “ Hermann anc» of the honor heroism—poems we have read‘ in the oriiuy!—cloarly reveal a sincere and worsbipful spirit. Hou eatie works are published in 4 vols. Hmo, and are stil resd by the lovers of peesie in Germany. EN REISENDER. Our Maden Correspondence. Mi Bovey, August 1, 1855, The Political Attitude of Germeny and Bolgiam— Austrian Proposition Accepted by the Diet— Their Explanation and Significance—The Bel- gian Prevwe—A Ru m Organ at Brussels— Progress of the Sirge of Sebastopol—Russian Diplomaey—Its Object—Possihte Division of Tur hey, between Frawe, Austria and Russia—Tie Pope and the Co jonal Governments —Tie Cholera, §¢., $c. . Thave jast returned from a tour through the Rhe- nich provinces end Belgiura, sil which may be finished in a few days, and find that i have not misinformed you in regard to public seatiment in Germany. Itis decidedly anti-Rnasian, but not warlike, and it is quite possible that the pre-ent war in the East may go on for years without in the slightest degree affecting the equanimity of the Germanic confederation. The desire to maintain peace as a meas of progress, ina material point of view, is universal, Because materi- al progress alone is now lawful in Germany. The memory of the yoar 1849, with all its absurd and dis- astrous consequences, is still too fresh in the minds of the people to look upon politica! agitation otherwise than with horror and fear. Oxue unsuccessful revo- Iution is always the cause of the failure of many, especially when the want of s:ccess is entirely due to the imbecility or moral worthlessness of the lead- ers. It then always requires time—perhaps a gene- ration—before the pevple can forget and forgive those who have disappointed tcir expectations, or before they can be induced « ‘o bestow their con” fidence on new and comp cly uuknowo men. The Germans still cherish the hope ‘of becoming, 4 ultimately, a free and united people, It leave the work required to be done to their childrea. They are anxious to diminish paayerivm by furnishing employment to the poor—tiey are willing—bnt they distrust abstract speculation and theories, and have uo fuith ta professional politicians, C'est partoul comme chez mous ! There is, however, among th consciousness of political 1. miliation at the utter wont of influence of fifty mil- lions of breathing aud thinking human beings on the affhizs of their neigitbors aud the continent on which they are cestined io live. North and south of them the war is reging ; to the enst and west na- tions are arming themselves and preparing for a long struggte ; while Germany, which united, could dictate the terms of peace, ic a mere waiter on Pro vidence. Austria, of all ithe German powers, is the only one which bas attempt 4 to play a part at the present crisis, and for tlic waxt of other actors, she is now the only one that is applauded and encoced ‘This has actually been dove in Frankfort at the Diet, where the Austrian prop vitions were entirely and unanimously carried. The German States expressed their thanks for the efforts of Austria at restoring peace, (approving, thereby, her conduct both in the Prineipalities and at the Vienna Oonferences,) and adhering to the present military organization of the German States, in consequence of which the whole army of the Confederation may, at a fortnight’s no tice, be in marching order. The cabinet of Berlin, incapable of producing @ schism on this subject, has itself given its assent to these propositions, and they are satisfactory to the people at large. So then Austria stands justified and sustained in Germany, while neither France or Faziaud on one side, nor Russia on the other, ventures to break with her. While Palmerston boasts of the Austrian alliance in Parliament, while Lord Joba Russcll waa even willing to accept the Austrian interpretation of the four poists, the Freach official papers treat the rumors of the French Minister leaving Vienna, and of the Anstrion Mt + lenving Paris, as absurd. There is no cause of quarrel then | between France and Austria—the mere supposi- tion of such a thing ia a goverrmental absard- ity. . Austria, by the mere fact of her cxixtence, by her mere material momentom, is the arbiter of fate of Europe; and Gemmgmwy, always williag to fo low where any one is wiley to 1e:4, finds it cheaper ond Threncida’ awakened by ri > educated classes, a ty, a feeling of hu- | and safer to follow Aurtria than to take sides either | with Rusefa or the Allies, One world sanpove thatthe | Germans, a8 a nation, would be glod to sce Russia hun | bled; battbis is not so. In the fi » the liberals, | asa class, have entirely disappe sand second, the | of Rassia t them, conservatives do not wieh to sec so far reduced as not to be ab) shoald the socialists, attempt anether revolution. ‘The po ition of J therefore, ix entirely acceptable to the Ge-mans. | ie material preps: Rassia increased, neither do they do mderance of the Western Powe Hy between the two—preverviag it the resources of the pountry—preventing their own princes from taking, in their personal interest, vides with one or the other party, to the detriment of the common fatherland, that is to extent to which German patriotism score at this moment. Germcny was drunk in 1848, and Austin is dow re- p the sober, recond thought—Hamlet with- out his madne-e—to their awalening senses, The ying Hlamiet in another way— a ig killing rate ind a eerecs. Publiy sentiment iw anti-French—wuich is «> idedly un- Belgnun in fsstesbut ia favor of Saghia to By —l ie favor Raghwd; Fey def ap ts ty in Beigium opposed to the constitational king. Nobody hue piaved s more honest gina, nd nogeis more nerally for his sterling qan ‘ites. Hrance £ tnistreated by the Belgians OF he same reason that the Piedmontese her. Daeg fear tho the determination of the the Khise .nd the Po as me of domimering in Geemany ati Tig rhcy nave more farth ia Engload, and they sre Separated from Rasats by the States of Prussia. dont the distanes from Rawle and the pre imity of Pranee which determines th» neutrality of Be No tn Surope are more satisied oak thelr fotiheal condiios than the Selgians, and none, pare wo mach aituched ty the siutiy it, Doxever, by ta force of carcumetenecs more than by army of 90,0 which fa too large for poace, and too uiterly : for warlike ite — nevertheless an im ‘one at this crisis, The officiud language of ‘a s Av 0 Brewer Cae ud , and the Poeneh press shuckled the Inckpendence Belge, vod re, did not yeuture Ww oie 4 mh fin t Leen sanctioued by tucir rica, and to ‘oake this’ depen- complete, every editor of a Pacistan conte dence in Paris still more "ed gi ‘yevchine ‘Lae editors of Ae eras ta, Revi, n,nie, gtd, Preach ; bot they are no Pam: 1 aa wenso ¢ ahe word, avd thelr prport are for thy most part, piohibited In Trance. With che yreseat railcoad coancetions, the Seienia parse - diy a Tay parts of Germau; andthe, Shae idy wad Tidy, weed Ft quite 3 oor, ae thoae of Paris, aad foant kc admitted, too io ib rent + and that it is absurd to sap} IL, in regard to Napoleon I. This they declare ia | no ruse de guerre. The cholera is raging in Spain aud Italy, and | are, their correspon- mtercating and amusi worthless $rash now served up in the Pari- alan journols, Bat the educated classes of Europe are accastomed to reed Vrench peas (whieh te probably the en reason why the Jowrnal Franc- is still in existence) andif the Paris are destitute of news and speculations, the Bazin ones take their places. In this manner has the In Belge become @ leading Poors bayer, whileeren Journal des Débats and the — or ate Tepes amon, ee eflect of such a chapge ion ble all over Europe, and nowhere peed Paris itself. The intellectual weapous with which the present French government is attacked, are all forged in win; even Frenchmen, members of the Imperial family, give vent to their diaapprobation of cer “in measures throvugh the columns of Belgian journals. The Empcror of Russia, seeing the importance, in the age in which we live, of eccurin: 8 CO-Opera- tion of the prees, has hfraself eatal ed a paper in Brussels, which is calied le Nord, (the North) giv- dng thas, by its very name, notice of the cause it is mined to advocate. A Belgian has been found, willing to accept its proprietors! in and a Prussian is its feading liter. © paper has a very large ndence, but poor editorials, and is asserted to have already fifteen hundred subscribers in Rus- sia. This ia somet:ines the increased circulation of the Nuw York Hrraarp ina single day, and does not say much for the Rusaivn taste for journalism. But the fact that it is a Rassian paper, eatablished to defend Russian interests, and in direct telegraphic communication with the war department in St. Po- tersburg, so far from aiding its circulation in Ger- many, where it was intended to exercise the largest inflnence, has diminished it, and I doubt much wie- ther it will realize any of ‘the reasouable expecta- tions of its projectors. No official journal can influence public Su pee On the contrary, even truth from a hired advocate, is only received with cantion and the usual reservations Alexander UI willin this respect be no happier with his hired hai h Sohn Forney. I have mentioned these f. merely to show that even des- potism ix, ina measure, dependent on public opinion, that there is now anywhere any power capal of governing men without the more or less voluntary assent of the science The appeals at the Emperor to is own people, in the Journal St. Petersbourg and the Jnvulide Russe, show that his strength lies more in the voluniary consent of his le than in his power of coercion; and this fact, if the war con- tinues, yjll soon become evideut to his people, or at Teast the noblea who act and speak for then. Not the incidents of the war, not the achievements of the English, French or Russians, will weigh a straw in the future history of Europe, were there another Hower to describe the siege of Sebastopol, ora Plu- tarch to give us the biographies of all the eminent | actors ia that singular enterprise. It is the conse- quences of the war on the civil institutions of Ba- rope which will give Europe a new hoe very dif- fereut from that now contemplated by any of the belligerenta. The cause of the war is as nothing | com to its necessary consequences. The siege works hefure Sebastopol are slowly, yet steadily pi ing. Tho French lines are but sixty metres distaut from the Malakoff tower, and hae oy exposed to Russian grape shot and mus- ketry. The sacrifice of life under these circun- stances must be cnormous; yet no one flinches, no one complains, and no casually diminishes the ardor of the besi¢gers. The besieged, on the other hand, are just as revolute iu their resistance, and are occu- pied day and night in throwing up newdefences. It is the most memorable siege on record, and imparts a new interest to the classic ground on which it is waged. When it is to finish, God only knows; for no mortal in his senses ventures to gueas at it. Diplomacy is at a complete stand aitill and 4 diplomats on furlough. Jt is a remarka bie fact, however, that all express themselves equally zealous for the re-establishment of peace, and none more so then Prince Gortschakof, | the Inte representative of Russie at the Vienna con- ferences. Thad the pleasure of reciug him at Stutt- | wrt, whither he went to the fity of the Crown Princess, Mister of Lia sovercizn, ‘and was not alittle | dito discover that his’ peaceful sentiments n betrayed in the Bairane pers. Tcanhardly | suppose that co experionced a diptomatist was guilty ot any indiscretions except such as were Intentional. In general, all the Russians | have seen and heard of evinec peaceable dispositions, aad represeut the wir au entirely owingto the jealonsy of Eaglind. They seem to have no fecling at all against the French, whom they admit to be brave and generous, but they call Engiand a mere “water-hack” to carry French watriors from one place to another. Their only Lope of peuce, however, rests on the pr ct of dissolving the Anglo-P'rench alliance; for as as lasts the war it-el’ will beget the necessity of its continuance. The Russion diplomatic agents, who are usnally the best informed, know but too well that the war, in France, is the will of the Emperor while in England it is that of the peopie, almost in spite of the governme:t and pechare the royal family It is this difference which forms the basis o/ intrigne for Rassia, while it admonishes Austria, already na turally timid and indisposed for acti u. In short, *hatever the entente cordiale betvreen England and France may be, sud however necessary it may he for both to sceure their present purpose, certain deflections from a straight line in the conduct | of both are nevertheless perceptible. Thus, Lord John Russell evidevt!y deviated when he became in- timate with Count Buol at Vienna, and Napoleon, though consenting to the retirement of Drouya | d'lHuys, has nevertheless shown some compassion tor the weakness of Austria, which the British min- istry shared in a higher degree than the British nation. Between Russia and Groat Britain there can be no other sentiment than that of mutaal dis- trust, and a conflict of materi=! interests; buta line of conduct may be suggested to Russia that might satisfy France, and increase her tufluence in the East without diminishing it in the Westof Europe. Aus- tria, too, might be satisfied with a division of Tur- key, which would secure to her the best portion of the Danubian Reincipalitics, and the Turkish terri- tory might be disposed of and shared by Rw Avstria and France, in spite of the protest of 5b: land. Something of that sort doubtless occurred to the mind of Napoleon J. at Til-it, when the rela- tions Lelween the two Emperors of Russia and France a to be of an intimate and cordial nature. exander I at one time nt least admired Napoleon I., and Russian diplomats now affirm that a stinilar feeling exists now on the part of Alexander is threatening the South of France, or f wonld iu spite of the summer hve paid a visit to Madrid and the Mediterranean. Ichail have that pleasare the ensuing winter, and expect to be still in time Jor any event ia Constantinople or Black Seq. Though the admiuistration ot Espa: » is tavoP- aide to reform, and beut on establishing some kind of onier in the finauces of the Kiagdotn, I donbt whether Mr. Dodge bas, as yet, aueceeded’ in con- vincing him of the adv, & rich sale of the Irlaad of Caba. Meantime the Pop: Nuncio by eft Madrid a Mr. hee ceived orders to quit Re Torin is equally at loggerheads wi it is, per’ ) Hot wholly unwort the Holy See just now has some sr, every constitutional government, while its re to Russia are decidedly improving. PIG. Courtship od Eagagement by Telegraph. {Proin the Albany Argus, Ang. 15.) ; Some months since a young gentleman of this city entered the Morse telegraph otlice, and requested to Le instructed in such ot the mysteries of tele; as the operators could or would inform him—such as would not interfere with the secrets of the office. The Ree “spa proceeded to do #9, aad In the course of his instructions explained to the fresh- man the modus operandi of writing. It should be known that at one of the stations west of this city, in quite a small but enterprising ae: a female the schoo mistress of the village —~ia the operator at the telegraph station. While the operator in this city was going throug) his explanations, the —-- office called Albany, aud mate « business laquiry,to which an answer waa retarped by the Albany operator, whe, in a profes rional manner, inqnired the name of the aaxivaa La- quirer, and sent it, with the gentleman's compti- men®, to the ——- office (which the female had charge cf). Misa C-- (we mean the operator) re- plied, retarc ing her compliments, and gave the abate of the weather, &c.,at-——. The gentleman was “immensely ” delighted with the idea of Bernt ing a person, and tit person a fem le, one hundred y miles distent, cud through the kindness of the all tor addressed several intecrogxtories to her, which were answered in « niost eae tanner, The novice iy telegeaphing was delight not to Bay ene aes. ang aS agnio the next day, and naded the operator again sommons a Fee. Again aa he enjoy @ moat delicht- ful teteatete think of a tefe-atele one handred and fifty miles removed !—with bis chirming incognita, or, we ehould eay, ipamorata, for the novice wus all oteorted in Miss C——, aa the 1 will prove. Yor veveral days did he call and hold converse with the —— office uid its very pe i He trator, each Lecaming m re ond nove interested. i oF asooerse, too, was materially «banged, inay ‘mach that the Albany operator bay = to fel in rather a “ peculfir predicament.” he being a art of mediom throdgh which two lovers were bo ding commapication, Tobe bref, eg aaa on ued to onl! for a space of two weeks, each diy craving more taiareaeed, vith at lat he pat the qre.tion, die tend plump: “will you mary me!’ Tho tele reph never hesitates; it tb; a fast institution, end hy se who gre connected with it beroms " fast,’ as if Ly inlil ition The lady consented, and the novice, afew daja after, wert to ———, chimed tia bride end was married ~The parties are now cevideots of thas eit tla. city | altogether too fast in undertaking to wed the whig | Jay are more ultra. No paper will be filled with | | country against tl NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, AUGUST 19, 1855. Our Albany Correspondence. Aubawy, Aug. 13, 1856. Another Valedictory from Thuriow Weed. ‘This notoria.® individual has, on half a dozen occasions, gravely announced that, at uch and such ; naces inthis times, he intended $0 @bandon the political arcaa, and retire to the shades of private life. This was roid as long since as when ho assisted in cheating Granger and Clay, and in eléoting Seward to the office of Governor, and Harrison for President. ven as late as list winter he declared, in languege more eruphatic than an cath, that with the reelec- tion of Sewrrd to the United States Se ate, -his measure of political ambition would be filled to over- flowing; and could he succeed in that object, be would retire from political life forever, fled with thankfulness to bis whig friends for the many sub- stantiol favora tendered bin during his long edito- rial career. The latter pledge he now intimates a | sort of willingness to redeem. But why does this ackuowledged whig veteran re- tire at this important c-isis in the whig party? peo- ple startle, and alarming!y inquire. Now, upon the eve of a State convention to nominate candidates in whose strength the party relies for triamph—now, when the State edministration is in whig hands, aud 80 much anxiety felt to keep it there—now, when the whig executive eo much requires the aid, advice and assistance of the rblest heads—now, whon the efforts of Seward requires his strongest friends sad moat shrewd counsellors to arsist in carrying him in the Presidential chair—-in consideration of these facts, and numerova others which might easily be addressed, why is ii that Thurlow Weed retires from the editorial eeat of the most rabid whig, abolition, rampant Seward print in the State or nation? Who is competent to furnish satisfactory replies to the above interrogatories ? Weed and Seward were both born politically among the Morgan excitement in the Western part of this State, thirty years ago. Upon the wings of anti-Masonry both were elected to the Legislature, the former to the Assembly in 1880, and the Intter to the Senate in 1831, At that period anti-Masonry ren rampant, even like wildtire, throughout the Western part of the State. Weed was connected with a paper at Roch. ier. Solomon Southwick pub- lished the simon-puré anti-Masonic paper in the State, and its circulation exceeded any other publi- cation issued to the people weekly. Solomon was very fast obtaining the snpport and confidence of the anti-Masons, who had then a good sight for the State officers and the Legislature, and he looked ea- gerly for the public printing. But Solomon was too much of an old fogy for Francis Granger, John C. Spencer, and Win. H. Seward, and they coniributed, with others, to transfer Weed from Rochester to the capital of the State. As Timothy Munroe’s physiog- nomy had been so adrojtly transformed, in order to make a“ good cnough Morgan until after the elec- tion,” the anti-Mesous of the Western district of the State objected to the transfer of the “ barber” to a region where the excitement did not exist. Anti-Masonry soon fell into the arms of whirgery, its natural ally, and Weed has continued at the head of the leading whig organ of this State for nearly twenty-five years. Asa writer be never displayed any talent above mediocrity. He poseesses ueither power nox origipality. His only forte is in billings gote slang and equibbing. Ridicule and rhapsody he also employed in the place of argument and rea- A practic rhmest he w non the scent of a political aut ould Le found yelping equal to any pack of hounds, Weed's great tact consisted more ia secret mane. | yring than i cy argiment. He was the most industrions and stirring in existences Searcely a day did he Ins tiusting to correspondence by mail he always to meet his friends face te and whether tha: friend was in this eity, al Washington, or elsewhere, Weed was sure of & perso interview. He haa been for the lust dozen 4 @ coustant, alrost gaily “ dead heed " on the’ Central, Hadson River, Boston, Erie, and New York aud Washington rail- roads, as well ason the steamers plying on the Hudson rive d the Northern and Western Jakes. He would avel a hundred and filty miles to meet a political fiend, to concoct some game, than to trust his words und wishes through the mail. His great forte in political management was secresy. Well, he says now, thut he retires because ie is an old fogy, and the times are too fast for hin. This is hig principal reason. Whether the times are or are not too fast for bim, is a matter of very little consequence; one thing, however, is absolutely cer- tein, he is too fast for the whig party. He has been individual arty with the wbolitiouists and uiggerites; he has been too fast in dividing the whig party of the South from the North, in ostracising the Critten- dens, Geils, Bayards, Claytons, Jones, Stantons, and #0 on, and 80 on, and aaring whiggery into unadul- ig 3 singe Nort! a i tebe faving fattened upon the spoils lavi upon him by the whig party—having been generously awarded all the patronage in its power to bestow ever since he assumed the Sai a —having par: taken of all the bounties it could rightfully or ille- gally bestow, he now, in his last moments of tical extetcuce, labors with abolitionist., free soilera, secessionists, higher lawites and a duzenoter ul- trairms, in order to di-solve the national whig party. He was the head and front of the fusion moveent to destroy the party thet upheld bin and the men who sustained him. “And, after driving the whigs to log- gerheads, after alvising the dissolution of the whig | organization, and after setting the “republican” ball | in motion, he modestly armounces his retirement | from editorial life. Is this note mere trick after all? Weed knows full well that his recent fellowship with the abolitionists bas lost him the influence of the strong and hovest portion of the whig party. He knows, too, that the confidence reposed in him has been betrayed, and that he has traitorouw ly deserted the men sid the cause which have 80 | ling stood by and upheld him. Therefore the ne- ceasity now, even previous to the whig aad “renaly | lican” State convention, for him to make preten- sions of retiring from public view for a seagon, at least. The paper, then, is herentier to be under the con- trol of a +on of Seward und a Mr. Wilkenson, of ibnf- falo. Voth are aniong the woxt rampant fre9 soil | abolitioniate—-Fred Douglass, Gerrit Smith nor Johu | blacker articles in enlisting the people and the au | thorities against certain laws of Congres——to en- | coarege riots, tumuits and even bloodshed, rather than submit and obey the laws of the national go- yernment. It will go 80 far as to sway the people and the State government against the trgaale low of the land, ami the deliterate acta of the Congress of the United States. It will enlist all its powers to create sectional jealonaies, to incite a Northern party antugonistic to the South, and to array in attitudes oi eternal hostility the people of one section of this be other. Wh» doubts it? Gur Indiana Correspondence, Inptawaronis, Aug. 9, 1965. Result of the Harvest-New Grain in Market— Light Lose by the itains—Inerease of Population by Settlers-—Coal and Iron Mines—-Abolitionian Scouted, Since writing you leat, the farmers throughout the State have secared their wheat in stack», while some have already threshed and brought their crop inte market. The damage from the heavy rains is light In conversing with many meo throughout the State, they generally estimate the Joss et from three to five per cent. ‘he average Was will not be aver three. Oats and corn are remarkably good, aad if prices tet continue such that our farmers realize one dollar per bashei for wheat and tweuty five cents for corn, they will thia fall have both pockets filed with money. Oor population ia yet in a transition state. open'ng vp omr country, through the completion of our railroads, is bringing in upon wa # very greot many men of incaus from the older settled States Theze meu come ip and buy out the orignal nettiens, wo, after hard years of toil, have brought their | ajferent! snail farm into a sort of semi-caitivasion; these now se! omen of capital, who go oo and are crect- in fine Leiidings and +toeking their farms, wujle | the carly ploncer peehes oa to Town and Nebraska, where, with the means acctratlated here, they qil! | twke the’ places a leading men in the newer States a: @ Territories. In passing down the line of the Wabas!) and Erie cunal, ftom Tatayette to Eranayil'e, I feand that af ter petting twenty-five miles below Lofay covel presed the whole of the remainder of the way over beds cf titaminoas toad mingled lh varivrs | etente of iron ore. Oe of tar retin of coal is tye'es feet in thickness, and one of four feet, and others of two. The iron ore is of two kinds; the kidvey ore found associated wish or embedded in shale Tn all for the of piled be the Associated witt ‘covering neatly the same area, clay “irom etone of the rcpene Gateeba. are to be ha , a) wines ‘mmense quantities ot Path a oa fur Btate 0 thus tad "wict the kidney we have the » This tre- ies. in compact seams several foot 9 ‘The avea,of this onal and iron Sagion is Square miles, and we of Ind ake ‘will not be many years cre we shall cowe bringing over the Allegany mountuins iron for ow roads In are all Union loving men (to say no- $tp of ~ ha inp nn we pp acepehe ~~. ri bution to raise money enough to exect hy and beard fences pre husetts snd South Carolina, if by so doing the balance of our country eau but be left quiet, aud the continual h: of “niggerdom” be stop) Our State is filled up with men from all parts of the Union, and while we bave sueh ps ax have been going on at Louisville aud Phitsdelyie by the one party, and the Pierce adininistiotion on the other side, we feel constrained to ery “Where shall we go?” Q English Writers on Amertea-—Their Igno. rance and Rlunders, TO THE EDITOR OF THE NEW YORE MERALD. Nothing more aptly demonstrates the want of that fund of common informetion which every schoolboy in this country posssewes--either from the public school or the public press—than the productions of European writers npon the eubject of the Ameri- can people or their peculiar institutions. Refore an American goes to Europe, he i4 familiar with the customs and institutions 0! the people he interds vi-iting, and is therefore quite at homo wherever he goes, This knowledge be acquired in the schoolhouse, and retains and exteads by reading the newspapere—necessary duties here, created by the high state of intelligence throughout the coun- try, but privileges elvewhere, to which the poorer clagres are strengers, When a foreigner visits this country, he is pre- pared to Sind # wilderness of tall, thia Yankee ped- lers, speaking through their noses, patronized by Aerrible blood-thimty slavedrivers, skinning and roasting their negroes for mere pastime, and filling up the remainder of their existence with lying; cheating, murdering, whittling and blowing up stenmboats. And you know quite well, Mr. Editor, that in ninety-nine cases out of a bundred this is exactly what he expecta. With no class of people is this amusing ignorance of our social and political system 6o lamentably com- mon as among the English aristocracy, [ need not recall the many laughable stories which have grown as common 98 household words, to enpport my asser- tion. Nearly every intelligent inhabitant of continental Ewore is imbued with some idea of liberty—looks forward to the realization of that iden as an event bound to happen, sooner or later—regards the Ameri- can republic with interest, if not love, and knows tmething about it. Not so ia England. There the people love their aristocracy, worship them, venerale them—glory inthem, They despise the cheating Yankee, care nething obovt him, and know less. The mercantile elosces, indced, as may be suppor possess some iden of our institutions and habits, aud perhaps to that fact, among others, may Le aacriled their very faint republican tendencies; but to them i confined, all other clase being in as total ig of the subject aw an inhabitant of Littie Britain ia presemed to know of the price of rents in Belg Js it if fo he expected, then, when a visits this country, and flady every different from whet be has been led to he should be able, af through the States, to g on his retura, an im tink account of the state of the country, aitrifute the actions of cur people to correct motives, or ac- count for the state of feeling or opinion / here a prejadive’ tan, imbned with feel institutions, manuer, finds at be never sled to expect, and gos a f fool. He fancics he knows alt about Ame longer stories than his predecessors a slave hounds that Mr Everest saw i Carelina,” or the cheating pedlers of t with win occasional description of the my: which we swallow cur dinners whole—treal our fiends (0 an exercise on the Lowle kni revolver, or expectorate at a mark with ow: over a mantel piece— and writes “ the late. Ancrica "—forming, alas! the highest si ignorence in Buy in America;” a dtsgrace to the f learning end intervational intercourse in the nineteenth ¢ ry. The writer in the Weatminater Review, quoted in Wednesday's Henan, forms no exesption to tuis amusing state of affairs; indeed, he hat mount: still higher the ass of folly, and, after a mad rove of vine columns, winds up with an ailianes of Ameri- cen black slavedrivers, and Engitth white slave dhivers, and is declared to haye made * the best time et.” a& tour of twelve months rin Were these effusions not received in England with implicit confidence; did they not foria the seed from which springs the harvest of British opinion upon this rubgject, they would be indeed too ridiculoas to no tice. But what American can hear with pati the ab-wrd notion that “ the slaveholdere—or in words, the most influential body of men in the ry public— may search In vain through E persons with whom they have, in the miost important of their social relations, ¥o much rearon to syinga- thise as the Russian nobles!” Se long as the heavy tax of royalty bartliens the people—so long as anexclusive atid Corrapt arivto- cacy exerciee unjast prerogatives—-so long the Hation aceords privileges (0 caste, class or re not all the * touching tributes to British + a» that quoted by Mr. Baxter from the Fy ~—not all the reminiscences of our jons with the Old Country,” or ells refusal to permit American privater: rian letters of taarque-—no, not ali U y in, creation-—wili make the American people aympa- thise with oppression or wrorg. Americans hnow quite well for they are an en a PACTS —BRNTAL PROCRADINGS Or Tm mt (Correspondence of the Milwaulie Sentinel, Wrar Benn, Ang. 8, je Tcame to thia place last night,'and have seme time to-day, in sscortaining ‘the toons anor can.stances in regird to the murder committed by George De Bar, who was |; here yeouerday. The reauJt is, Thave a greater horror’ thin over of lynch Isw. The excitement is uow over, und even yon cannot tind one but condemns the of ye terday—not ono but denies be waa the mob or encoumged it--not one hut apeaks of it nae cowurdly uct, aud compares—no, they do not com! the two military companies that came here $00) women, but say that apy tec o'd women with breomsticks would inake a more furcible military gm than there The women here advised some of galdiers to fay by their uniforms, 0 that they would never disgrece them ugain. But Co the case. Twent this morning to see the wowian ad man who hod been wounded by De Bar, and the premites where the inurder waa committed, The woman was sitting up in bed, apparently in- jared badly I did not “ee Uke wounds, they being ndaged. She is yer; comfortable aud out of dan- ger; cho talks easily and with a good ead strong voices She hus been a tine looking woman, end would be now, were it act for the hardships inporod upon her by her hurband. She is now but twenty years of aye, and bas been married two years. Sho | ier marriage, | So keparated from hin about a year after oe account of his unkiadness to her he much for Te Of the man Jobn Muehr, one cannot think with- out a feeling of disgust. He seems to think of nothing bot his !os:—his shaaty is burut, and some thirty or forty dolla, perhaps more, of pronerty ruined by the the. You can hardly get from him ected account of the trapsaction st bis i no anxions to poy before you his pow souel joases, Belore Elid got half throngh: with an exam in of the premises, he solicited me, a per- fect xtruvger to hin, to use my infiuence ‘When I should retuin home to obtain contributions for him, on account of his losses, Most of the mouoy le bad, he hos already found in the azhes of his barnt bane ty, but by dint of questions | obtained from him the | Id following statemer Abovt 11 o'clock ?. ML, of last Weduesday, Muchr and his wife being in bed, rome une knocked at the door, Mechr asked who it was, aud was euawered, | “George De bur.” ‘Phe dialogue then ran about thus: Muebr said, “What do you waut? “IL can't stand it to work longer, and have concluded to go home; I want to stuart carly tomorrow, ond have come to get what you awe me! Have you the ange? { have tuthtug but five dollar ‘pivees.” , Lhave change.” Moehr then said to his wifes | get up with me, may be George will be mean.” They both got up and dressed, lita candle and went to the door together aud opened it. George said, “Here iam.” Muehr says he wai aweaty and appeased fatigued. After Miehr had got the money, De Bar asked hita for # drink of water. Muehr said he would give hia some beer, and opened a trap door and wert do’ ar atter it. te got it and started to come up, when De Barstrack him with something on the head (he don’t know what it was, but thinks it a stone tied uP in a handkerchic!); the blow felled hima down nearly senseless. In a moment le came to aud looked up aad saw De Bar lying ou the floor looking into the cellar at him; he reached up and caughtDe Bar by the hair. Meany » the wife of Muehr lad exeaped from the house and had von towards bis fatners, who lived perhaps forty rods distance, De Bar got loose from hiui, pursued her and caught het put ten rods from fis father'«, old Mr. Mitch's house. He said to. her, “Mary, go don't want to burt. you."” " replied, “f don't dare to trust yon.” But she either voluntarily or involuntarily went back with hia some five rod. Ry this time a’ boy 14 years old, who lived with Muchr, aw: keued, got up, and he ‘aud weat outinto the road and cried ont “murder.” De Bar | hearing it, commenced cutting at Mes. Mucler's neck. | He cuton each side of her neck and across on the front; also ext a gash on her lect breast and shabbed her in her right hi made no resiatance, bat Jay till, naif dead. ‘This work upon her was accom- plished int mincte. He then went back to the the boy were erying i w be said, “John, have L * and started fox him. Muehr rag and toward a cornfield that was within ous, lying betwoou Maebr'« house He Har cought the Soy jaston th led for Muehr, “Jolin Then addressing hi mvel! ! he raid, * dou't kill wet don't Will Hiis cry coased, and De Bar said to hin, “Peulu now.” Muehr was within six rods of De 1 the boy was murdered. He rua throogh the carn to bis father’s howe. About an hour afterwards he saw Chat his lonse was on fire, and in @ short time it was veduced bo ashes. Mvebr lad gus in the houre aud other weapons, No thoaght of emed to have en His tear that he should be rob seemed then, a8 his pecuniary loos does now , to oF py oll bis thoughts. Any pérsoual courage ae wnight have pre’ u a his nted such uwfal con vegleeted to speak of his wounds. They a One yon cannot see much ofthat edwed t low; the second, on the right side of J, bunch the worse, and ix a Liceration of alp, “uch asa strong man might make with a Dlow cf bia fist. Thave seen worse wonnds made | with the fist. 1 think the fre of the coumunity here is hat much sympathy for him would be some- | thing of a waste. ! Tisked bin if be had seen De Bar since, “Yes,” “Lsaw him in jail, and was so mid that I did not know what todo. "(shook my fst at hin, aid told him that he was the rascal that had barut up my houre, and done me so great damage. Aud , the jailer didn't know what I would do, and led mo cut.” “Have you seen him since? said L Said he, “Yea, 1 -aw him in Ue courthouse. He cried like « child’ when he saw iae. | auld, ‘George, are yoo willing to forgive mer and he said ‘Yes; will you forgive me? and I said | would.’ At the elye of the narration, as at the bevinuing he wanted [ should vee if I could not reive Lita something to re- store bis loss of property. J huve told you Muchi's story. Now let me in brief what De Bar told “hia lawyers M “ Vrieby and Mann—after belig advised by them that it was better to tell them alt he kuew about it, as they could better defend him then, and whatever he told the laws would not permit them to reveal, Upon being so informed, he suid be bad beeu chased by Muebr, Leen struck by him with « clab (L be Neve), at the last town election, and that Madkr did pot supply him with sufticient food when he worked | for bim. “When he was so faint he could hardly go, Mohr, upon request, gredgingly, and after much " deley, gave bim a salt luncheon; that he, being wo lightened people, boasting more schools thaa trig be se soncladen d and more Just and enlightened men than would form | ould get bis poy: trom Mache, att whip’ Mit 4 standing arms—that the ruocess of Great Brituin | tut 1.9 went to Slughr's with that intention; that he | and Fran-e in this war would retard the pro sth of Furopenn liberty for ages: that as loo continues adverse to the Western Powers the voiee of liberty is heard complaint i hcines of the peo that ite proloogation and inefficient i ity of thelr darling aris! f freedom aud th cf Rovsla would be the triumph of lWheriy Tope all Comenclewould soon become ali repub he sinister anxiety of Great Britain, tov yur sympathy in her Eastern war contrasts nfavorably with the cold indifference of her sonist, who cares Ittle whetlier we sympathize erornet. English war loans, if ever offered pra with fo our peopic, will have very few subwcribers. Vnglieh war alliances, if ever offered to our govera- ment, will recelve an unqualified Braye The attempt to attribute the state of feeling in thia country w the " rankling memories of old inju- ries,” or to 9 suppored " sympathy with the Bn shel oppreseions of our Irieh immigrants,” ls traly pitif.t, aud ealibite the most profouud ignorance of Ameri- can {ccling and reutiment. These things have been. stances have changed. 4nd neither the idea that “the member of Con revs compares himaelf with the member of the Dritih Pariiament, the jo of America appeai to Prgish precedent, her authors draw their lnapira- tons fem Brith h sources, her citizerm in the £14 nent of their political dnties endeavor to imitate or to improve g English customs,” or that the K. N.'e wre “oti so i and thelr moverneat “a mat ifeststion of sor the obscare ée- preesiona about Mexico, Texas, or Greytown, or the Ubrents of the injury Pngland is capable of doing to car commerce, &., in care of @ war aout Caba, caneot woke ua budge an inch froma ou Oor cay it" Union st home, Libe L have refrained from perverting history to snp ott an argument too weak to ateod by iti! and Rat time and circum. save confined to the plain etitemeuts of an Ameriern and a . ‘The prems ia the voles of the people. If stand aceused with © want of proper : t Fi toe sient st the heat prptie cpinicn von Let vor atagoniats be oace convinced tbat we know «nd mean what we say and that that is res ronabie sad fa ond they will soon learn to Qunk un, Tore the truth, let both sider ve heard. 10 A.D, A Niw Youn Yacnt at New Bewwonm—Ths nplens id sel int Haze, 105 toma, (at. veerce Travis, of Wew York, via New Haven, soe aye Ponpsinges Salen Ae 80 thes pot nteelh gone run of ono & hull hones fre Ne Pamengers Won. M. i. iri incil New York (owner); Hon. Joseph Grtuact!, WiRiin T. We weil 8 De per Teving Gtr tt Bediord, Mager Philip Rehuster, J. 11. ok +f tee tite and n seboprer, The Her Me @ + rorning for Newport, im order to | Lieerts New Bedford Mercury, An: '% ia < Viewer, New tre | York, She reports having fallen in with ° remen bere remerstor nothing of any occurrence then alte that, except that he wentto Mr. Young's bary had slept—that he went to Milwi: but what purpose. He had no idea of any money, und didnot try to getany. A. word or two in regard to toe ualurtunate young man DeBar, L have done, He was about niue teen years old, about «ix feet Ligh, slim, eightly stooping, complexion light, lis month, obin, and thin low head, showed a want of ener) 7 tion, ard that he was below par fn tr de look at him, one would say he was a cowsr was withovt edocution or informa’ he could barely read; he had occupled bix lelwure hours and time when he was too unwell to work, for the Inat nix weeks, in reading tories of pirates, robbers,mar | derers, Ac. He was lowly in ule habite, and bie sallow countinasce and giamsy eye showed him to Le the victim of solitary vies, The court whieh waa convened for the examine tion of Dotter, waa opened by the sheriff ol the coam | ty, and the list of grand jarors called; all tnt six answered to their naines— these were solo ted from citizens prevent. He seleoter, thane thal appeared to lead the crowd, and tha? even made the uowt exrite- ment. This for a while aikconcerted them, aad por quiet wee resored, - ‘The grand jury retired to their room,and were abeent ome two hoor and « hall, when they re turned with “a HU” agelast the prisvuer fur nar der. came aproerioon, The military forsed a barre arcumd the rail at the outwide of the bar, ae Judge endeavored ty pacify then with «a apeneh (rm ' the beneh. While the Grand Jury were owt, at verioos thines the signal wus given, and a rush made for the pri comer’ but they were kept of watil the indietec wes rend to him, to whiew be plead “ Not guilty ‘The Jndge then ordered him to be remanded tor thal. ‘The Gaosds sod Miwaokic compeny then fol lowed afte their officers tw excort lum to Ue jail. ‘The mob made a rub god mixed op among the Officers, eonstavles, sbectTs and military. and thag puabed anell, yeiliog, screaming sad onde, ont of room, “derwn the Maire, aod ints vqnare in front of the Court Howe. The yank ivinyed to and fro for two oF three minutes, ant be war under the control of the avengers. Another vd w ity etioks, knives wtonet aot out received many wornds cA wold A ect toagtal. They then buteted » rope to bie # pry hella rile orvagh the emsia iareet of » village ts wee tn frontof Wells Mul and — hia mangied, torn amd blerding teoty eet tenor Bticon miowtiga, The waa i | ad he ew ngain dre, cto the bridge ta tee | enat vide of the river, of the party tien we | ig thet he yet treathed, pasted fien ag yin w th tinks He ors then b one more to « tree aad phe t three thrnes—tiie tat time he was hans ty Le peck. The mab thea bef, whoa Sheri ipenerney | are Htriking Mughr,ea related by Muchr, but | ™ Agni the whole crowd in the tar of the room te. | and dred tric ste god be ' and W. P. Barnes took bim down “ benied him iw the graves ard xt Harton, "eee an About 4 o'clock thin afternoon, a Coroner's i was Leld before Justice Huseo. The jury found that he came to his death by the hands of the mob, tn which several persons whom they named took 5 Taw bis body? Tt was a horrid’ sight, Hiss tome: jaw was by kicks—is head cut open in ve- vera tong to the boné—stabs appa- rently, in his face, ubout his eyes! A soldier whe pian By with General Scott to Mexicu, told me be did vot ceo, in the whole of that war,» cruel a Kight, so horrid a spectacle, aa the torture of that yenng man presented. The end is not yet. There aro many here who are ined that mote shall be penishod. [heard one wealthy citizen say that he would apend balf he had but that thowe whe lynched De Bar should be deelt with aevording tr | the laws of the land. I think there # no doubt that i* there bad Leen po military here, thers*would have been no lyuching. ‘Ten resolute mom #ms could have prevented it. Buch men ant and would have taken the responsilility, If Bie; not trusted to the military. If such men as com: ' ‘I that wilitary are to compel obedience to the. jas, let pone bat xuperaunuated old women eva ae tempt to dieobey it. | BEinnesote: Tes tory. (Pree the | ho dutoiph re A census of this pencefu hes just been taken, and ¢ received to warrant the statement that its aggregate |) peprtation at this time is 1) souls, This is not wudicient to entitle the Territory to admission inte the Union n» a State, nor does ® appear to be the wish of the inhabitants to enply just yor. Having the territorin) expenses paid i, { the nations govous. ment, they eve notin a hurry ty assume the aiLilities aud burthens of av ndepeodent State. Min- ucsota, owing to its location in the remote and fri- gid north, has never been a bone of coatention with seetional politicians and houce it hoa been lett to grow quietly ond undisturbed by the agitation insepar- ble trum slavery. Minnesota contains tho last frag. ment of that northwest Tervitory, from whieh the peculiae institution was prohibited by the ondi- nance of P7587, but it uluo embraces a Vast quanti- ty of other territory inelnded between the Mi wou Bine Earth and Mississippi rivers, and the sorth- ern boundary of the republic. A lirgo portion of the serthern shore of Lake Superior ia in the Territory, and its whole sur ace ix faterspersed 80 thickly “with rivers and la! as to make it about the Lest watered portion of the Union. Ite soil ia everywhere very fertile, and yields alandant har- verts to the farmer. Heaides commanding tho tr- minus of the navigation of the greit lokes, it con- taina the bead of navigation on the Mixsdssippi, bor- ders for a great di coon the Missouri river, and has flowing through” its heart the Red river, whose waters empty into Hudson’s bay. All thees cons dorations fadicat that Minoosota mast some day become & mi: » populous and flourishing State, Her resources are unsurpassed. Wiawonain, dil er side, has atteined a growth which ta truly sf ne Ro also have Michigan and Matno, ¢ latitude id about the wame as that of Minne- “ From these . it is apparent that the high norihern location of Minnesota is no draw- back apou her prospects, Those regions are peca- linsly adapted to the production of breadstaffs, wid w y Wisconstn and Michigan are large growers northern boun "y of the Territo- by Lord Selkirk, tien of which ore in Minnesota, They have fully braved all the perils of that remote ernorthern wilderness, and mal. comrennilies on the bank years. When founded, they were all ( on Britieh territory; but when the dary of the United States was adjusted or ascertained that a portion of the wer our ground. Upon the organization of a Territoris! government in Minnesota they received attention, and their district became a county, which = is regnlarly represented in the Torritorial Layisla- ture. The extension of setiloments up the head wales ofthe Miwlasippi has heen of great value ta these isolated people, aording thew op rtanities of Obtaising supplies of foods more eanly. The euoceas | of their ne vents is evitence that evea the most, northerly parts of the Teraitory can and will be used fer rettiencat. Whether the Re@ River of the north will ever be core of more than mere local use for nevigy 4 problem yet to Le polved. The sottlemen hove referred to as belag } linked by weeasel# which entered Jt from Hodwon' lus, after crossing tha Atlantic ocean, They posed from that great bay inte ma river, thence through Loke Winnepeg, and «o dowa inte Teed river. What was thus accomplished may be ted; but we know #9 Jittle of that vost interior ent, Uuat it is wie te tics. On the eastern conthuent Z ee) mates in t ne latit be! 4d to be ceocatially milder, and settlements are catsbilahed even on the shores of the Arctic ocean or ite haya. Thos Archangel; one of the prin ipal porta of Huswia, is on the White Gea, whieh can only be en- fered from the Arctic ocean. The lat le city ta 05 degrees, and the appromeh further north, while Hudson's buy and itv approasvew r south of that latitude.” The Hudson's Bay i any have five forta on the shor w te ty, a]! above the 61st paryilel, one being in latitnde 6a degrees. rom thelr location on the shorea of the Ley, we suppose thet the company use it for thete commerce ja (urd aud peltry, New Patents Iseaed. Lint of patents issued from the United States Pa- tent Office for the week ending Aug 14, 1455, each: bearing that date: Vrancis Arnold, of Haddam, Conn., for improved gs holder. Jno. & Evan Arthor, of New Brunawick, N. 4, for improvement in governor for steam engines, ce. Jue, B. Ho m, of Newerk, N. J., for improve meut in tnaking zine white, Fortune L. Bal of Freeport, fod., for imprave- ment in apparatus for replacing cars Orasmvs ©. & 0. J, Bornes, of Stockbridge, Vt, cement in corn planters. pls Basohnage!, of New York, N.Y., for im- prevernent in compositions for treating rabber and Kutta pereba. b Boyers, of Granville, Va., for iaprovemeat ° wn & Atel Coffin, Jr, of Sa Toxin, for mode of straining wawe ly epoure Dexter H Chamberlain, of Weat Moxiury, Maas, for improved hundprons for printing. Chas Cleveland, of Awhfeld, Mass, tor ventilating fanert. J.J. Duteber, of Now Haven, Conn, for inprrve ment in ler, exington, Mics, for iaprove ment Ind., for im * ih, for iow proved exten. i W. N, Gener, for improve t in windia for improve of New Yak, N making vine white . Leeds, of Vhiladelph'a, Pa. eating bnldings. Retert J, Morr.son, of 1 amond, Vi gent in the cutting appar gu of her Duniel Noyes, of Aliogtm, Maw, Y., for ingrawe for furnaces fue for improve " npeoved furging max hive. | B Payne, of Yaroe city, Mian, foe lowproved methed of henginy wie kr a hes Richard Ray, of Laakeport, N. ¥.. fr improve. ment in machines for gathering cotton wtalles | Stephen P. Burgles, of Horton, Mars, (or imaprave- Tet in gan regulate om. Fisk RoweR of ten, Mam, for mprovement im Rarverters. Famuel Bh Hexteg, of Baltinore, Md, fur Laprowe ment in farneces lor heating bol og Castavas A. Somerby and Charles W. Pogg, of Wolthom, Maes, for improvemeat to railroad one Drake. Joh Himpwo, of Lewlerde &.C., for unprove- | mert Pp roty a gine Michael Yromiy, of Moaat Vernon, [1 for im prowanens 'p gon locks. Othe Te Watue,of Wi N.Y. for improve ment in ‘nr lag com, Hened kW of New York, N.Y... for porta Le wteamn wawing mac! Cate Winegar, of privet device for Coleh Winorar, of Erin aycinge, * V., fore amd Cheng paler Tnlom Sprinus, N. ' Y, @ + Tewthed of drawing water from qrlle. z Resrvel Peres, N.Y, aadgner to Curtis | B Phere, of meme place, for koprovewont in onhlow Rob D.C, amor we PRIS nen ih Salary Yor improvereas (= fm “yo me and griadiag «tapes and other LZ at. Hermon, of New York, to Wee. . Hoorn, A ame place, for TY a for ran | con » dean Brown, of Mew Yors, M, Y., for inograveron! 2 lA wale) eppatason Vabeuled May | } ' coo f Jorden \. Mott, of Mott Hawes, N.Y. far im rove Ao ukag tute. Patented september (7, the Heruy Vattan, of Codxmry, Canady Wot, for me hed A worming and ventiluting buildings te tested Dee. 6, IR, Arte dated Jane 13, 1et% Drawn Hamed W. Gidy, o Alaa, NT, eenignor to A. Hi. MeArthur, oo Liadew, N.Y, fer * Godan for ornamenting save pla Apothe TM hmond, of 1 1 igo to 4.0, Peretow & C4, of mame place, for dean tow ' Cooking Marea.