The New York Herald Newspaper, August 20, 1855, Page 1

THE NEW YORK HERALD. WHOLE NO. 6982. WILL SEBASTOPOL BE TAKEN? the Question. ‘The Russian View of We translate the following interesting article from | been able to endure much more easil: ‘recent number of the Invalide Russe, the organ of the Russian government. It has attracted much attention in Europe:— Will Sebastopol be taken? Such is the question which, for the last nine months, the whole world has been asking diplomata as well as merchanta, -and which is repeated by millions of families whose fathers or sons have been carried off to die on land -and on sea, before and within the walls of this city “ Sebastopol will be taken,” say the allies, for other- wise would the seige be continued with so much ‘obstinacy. ‘ Sebastopol will uot be taken,” answer the ‘Itusyians, convincedly. “The moment of taking it has not yet come,” cry out the beseigers. “The poesibility of taking it is past,” reply the beeeiged. Sebastopol might have been taken in the first days of the appearance of the Anglo-French beside the city, when a simple wall of circumference, whose salient angles were protected only by bastions of a weak profile, formed its sole defence—when within that inclosure was contained a scanty garrison, composed principally of seamen who had sunk their vessels ut the entry of the bay to intercept its pas- sage, and who found themselves, with their gans, placed upon the ramparts of fortifications in a sphere of action entirely new to them; when, in conse- quence of the suddenness of that event, and of the great celerity with which the preparation for the defence had to be made, there could not have ex- inted either order or unity in the defence of a line of several thousand yards. Certainly there could have been yo doubt of the intrepid courage of those defenders, still animated by their recent victory of Sinope, and who were fighting for their homes and their families; but is it probable (hat these few thousand braves would have been able to maintain themselves behind a weak en- * closure, not even then provided with a fosse, against a combined attack made by numerous and well dis- ciplined troops, if, instead of opening trenches at eight hundred fathoms from the shadow of a for- tress, the allies had marched to the assaalt the first day, or the day after their installation on the south- vern side of Sebastopol? The sailors of the Black Sea would have had no other alternative than death, an alternative which from first to last they would have adopted, on the ruins of their native city. But still Sebastopol would inevitably have been taken. the other hand, after the allies remaining some hag ones for them—in inaction, the possi- ity of taking Sebastopol disappeared. ithin these five to seven days immense entrench- ments were raised, as it were, by enchantment, on all the weaker portions of the line of defence, and hundreds of guns appeared with their large muzzles -ategch of the embrasures. From this moment, while the enemy was stil] at a great distance from tthe city, the defences of Sebastopol grew visibly en- , and the conviction of the besieged that the id not be forced to surrender the city was still more strengthened. And thus Sebastopol became on the land side, as the allies themselves said, ‘one of the strongest places in the world.” 4 Will Sebastopol then be taken?” It is difficult ‘to prejudge the future; time will answer the ques- tion, for sometimes circumstances which eaca) tuman foresight give things such an unlooked for turn, that the best caiculations disappear with the rapidity of smoke. We will not, therefore, stop to decide the question in advance, but we will expose to the reader all the data which may enable him to draw his own conolusion. The European journals have recalled these words a m 1., that “ fo are made to be taken." That may be trne, but only when the for- tress is built with the object of arresting, for a Jonger or shorter time, and with a small garrison, whe advances of considerable forces of the enemy -on their line of operations. Then, shut inon all sides ‘by the investment and the attack, deprived of re- inforcements and of the meansof being provisioned, decimated day and night by a murderous fire, the must necessarily, after the destruction of defensive works, either surrender or perish in defending the breach and the interior intrenchments, wander the bayonets of the beseiging force, greater 4n number. But Seige a is onty a militiry port for the lack Sea fleet, defended on the side of the sea by forts, mutually commanding each other, and defend- ing the entry of the bay. On the land side, where ‘the eventuality of an attack had never been fore- seen, Sebastopol was provided with only a weak de- fence, which by the force of circumstances, and ia the every sight of the enemy, was suddenly c! ed into anim rovised fortress, or rather into a fortified position. Owing to its very structure, that fortress could not be, and in fact has not beem surrounded “with fortificati«ns, except on the southeast side alone; on the northwest side it has remained open for the arrival of reinforcements, 0% provisions and of muni- tions of war. It, therefore, forms, so to speak, an exception among all the fortresses of the world, on account of its incxhaustible material resources of de- fence. It is, in fact, quite as easy for it to replace tin one night a hundred diemoanted guns as to ex- change 50,000 men of the garrison by fresh troops. On the line of commanication with Russia, by Pere- kop, there are strong detachments from Eupatoria to , 80 dis) as to be able in a short time to concentrate themselves as a joc pea on no mat- cter what point. And even thongh the allies had ‘forces twice as considerable as those which they can now bring into the field, it is to be doubted whether they could succeed in cutting off these cummunica- tions, beoanse, everywhere the crests of the moun- ‘tains along the shore would permit even sinall de- tachments to oppose successfully great masses to defile in the plain of the Crimea by small id between Jakes. ‘Such ‘sre the im) and the position of Sebdstopol. Let us now examine the respective forces and means of the two jes with reference to the attack and defence of this point. Let us com mence by the side of the sea. The bombardment of Sebastopol of the 5th and Tith October, in which the Anglo-French fleet threw ag many as 150,000 Projectiles, shows plainly that’ that immense fleet of the two maritime powers and of Turkey, cannot of thems: tves sieze » well-defended org nor even take an active part in ita reduction; that it must content itself with blockading the roadstead, transporting provisions and munitions, and attacking the defenceless coasts of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azoff. On the side of the Rus- sians, on the other hand, the veseels, though few in number, facilitate commanications in the bay, and successfully sustain the defence of the left portion of city; and, what js still more important, they offer at need skillful artillerists—commanders seesing skill and coolness—oftivers used to com! and a great quantity of guns of large calibre. On ‘the contrary, the allied fleet can give no assistance | to the besiegers; it remains in open sea, and canuot operate « disarmament. After hay and of the allies on the sea side, let as proceed to examine their respective positions on the land side. et us even admit that the namerical force of both jes ik equal. But are the moral forces so, too ¢ equilibriam of mora) foree is a very im- portant clement towards the success of military actions. The allied camp is composed of hete- yogeneous masses, wnited among themselves ‘ by the force of will of the chiefs in command, |, consequently, they form ouly a temporary and apparent unity. But these masses are not animated by a common idea, a common sentiment and a com- mon interest. This army which hes supported the horrors of a winter siege, which knows well for what and for whom it has suffered all these misfortunes, which knows how to reason, and which does, in fact, reason, says to itself that it has come to die on ‘the rocks of the Crimea, forsake of an abstract end which it cannot comprehend, and #9 it ix ouly the sentiment of duty and of military honor that there arinies fight courageously. ‘The Russians on the contrary are profoundly ani- mated by a single and common sentiment—their love for their sovereign, and their faith in that re- emblem, the cross, which precedes them tu the fight. (tis, besides, thelr native soil which is strampled on by the enemy, and to drive them from it, they resolutely controat all the dangers of death. Ht is pot an army like that, that can be frightened ‘by @ bombardment, end that can be forced to sur- reas the bombardment, which commenced on the 26th of March and continued eight days and eight which 350 Seek cone Sebastopol, lowered the courage of ita defenders? Has it destroyed its for tifications? Have they not appeared, fortifi ‘tiona and defenders, some days afterwards, aver than ever’ The Russiana who are fighting in the Crimea are the same of whom Nap leon First said, after the battle of Preussitch the Falaw, ‘Sag Ruesiay qld’er i* partioulerly reaaraa | examined the position of Sebastopol, | pieces of artillery thun- | ble th adversity—the day after a defeat he is as firm as the day after u victory.” ‘ It must be also taken into’ consideration that the Roseian arny under the walls of Sebastopol haa the fatigues of a winter campaign, on account of ita being for the most part cantoned in houses, and because on account of these very fatigues it was particularly weil cared for; so that, notwithstanding his grievous toils, the soldier is found in better condition than in time of peace. But let us suppose even that the numerical and moral forces are equal on both sides. The advantages are also, therefore, in this point of view perfectly equal. Let us now examine the works of defence and those of attack. On both sides they have devoted themselves thereto with the like zeal. The alfisirs of the 15th (25th) October, and of the 24th October (5th Noven ber), have stopped the progress of the siege works in forcing the nt to cover his rear by a line of counter vallation—by Cat his position on the side of Balaklava and of K: aiykol; and by continuing the vais flank of his trenches towards the point of the aq far as Mount Sa- poun. In the meantime, the Russians concluded their works on the whole line of defence, so that when the enemy recommenced his approaches, the besieged is found in the condi- tion of being able to conduct counter approaches himseif—to construct lodgments, and to advance his fortifications to about halt cannon distance from the batteries of the assailant. From that moment it may be said that the siege entered iuto its third phase, which continues Ke to the present. The besieger advances with perseverance and energy, paying for every inch of ground by waves of bk often carrying by assault the same point seve- ral times in succession, because the Russians, in their sorties, succeed in destroying his approacties. At the same time, the besieged, after having sto) ped almost entirely his works of counter approac! and his exterior works, with which he has some- times sneceeded in covering his Jeft flank, has now limited himself to the reinforcing his fortifications as much as possible, by the deepening of his fosses and of his approaches, by the construction of blinds, of new batteries, of intienchments, and of other works, which will have for result to render lesa in- jurious than in the past the effects of the bombard- ment, and of increasing much more the defences of the city. In proportion as the advance is made, the defensive line of the Russians takes a character which is more and more assuring, so that at every step forward which the besieger makes, he must in- cor much more losses and the besieged comparative- y leas. “Let us observe here that all these prodigious de- fences, which our enemies themselves cannot but ad- mire, are executed by our infantry, which has shown itself to be the worthy rival of the heroes of Suwar- roft. Our troops travelled in autumn, for eleven con- secutive days, fifty versts per day, (33 English miles,) and arrived at Sebastopol the 12th (24th) October, and on the 23d October (3d November) they fought like lions; were then able to surronnd topol with fortifications; aud to the present time they form the principal support of our brave seamen, who di- et the defence of some of our fortifications. The cavalry has also acted with success everywhere that they had an opportunity, and the artillery is begin- ning to take an active purt in the murderous ren- contres which have taken place near our line of defence. ‘The Jast and third bombardment has opened a new field to the action of our artillery, by the diminution of distances; but at Sebastopol, the number of pieces and their calibre, are, asa general thing, more con- siderable than those of the besieger. His mining operations have had only a very unimportant influ- ence, the subterranean war being hitherto limited on his side to some shafts whicn he can rarely hold. Now, the works of the two opposing parties are al- most in contact in face of the batteries. Which of the two shall succeed ? Let us admit, for example, that the Russians will not act against the enemy’s line of counter vallation: let us even admit that the weakest artillery, ingeni- ously concentrated, may aucceed, although with less extensive batteri¢s, in silencing the strongest, in operating a breach in the principal rampart, and even in crowning it. What comes afterwards? A series of entreuchments, not less strongly armed, will present, one after the other, obstacles quite a8 difficult to overcome ; aud there, also, the beseiger will find himeelf in face of houses converted into barricades, and in the centre of the concentrated fire from the interior batteries of the city. Let us admit, also, that the allies—dccording to the military axiom of Napoleon the First, that sol- diers are only the ciphers which are to resolve the problem, and that success justifies all losses—will not take into consideration the sacrifices of men which this attempt will coat them, and that conse- quently they advance resolutely into the city and suc- ceed in surmounting all the obstacles which art will have opposed to them during the of six months. But behind the rampart of Sebastopol they will meet an army of from 40,000 to 50,000 bayonets. ‘The affairs on the nights of the 1th, 12th, (23d, 24th) February, of the defence of the redoubt of Se- linguinsk against much superior forces; that of the loth and 22d March, before the Junette of Kam- achatka, and the repulsed assault of the 6th (18th) June may, serve as a measure to decide who will succeed in a hand-to-hand encounter. And if, on another hand, the Russians, during the assault should come to present themselves in more or leas considerable force on the rear of the allies’ line of counter-vallation, which stretches over an extent of ten verrta, (63 miles,) and should succeed in pene- trating on any point whatever—what then? * * Let us not forged, also, that the city is divided by the southern bay into a pee and that each of them presents a separate fortress, surrounded by baa tioned fronts, and on the right flank by batteries sta- tioned on the left bank of southern bay, as wellason the northwest slope of the Malakoff height, which commands all the northern side of the mountain, on which the city extends in the shape of an amphitheatre. A triple fire, crossing from three sides, from the line which terminates in Fort St. Paul, from the ships, and from the batteries which «nrround the southern extremity of the northern part of the city, would thunder upon the enemy, even after he had made himself master of a portion of the city, and would prevent him from remaining there, whilst the guns of these same forts, and of the whole for- tified shore line of the western part of the promon- tory would prevent the allied fleet from penetrating into the bay and cannonading the two other por- tions of topol. The occupation of the eastern part of the city would demand new and murderous efforts and much waste of time. In fine, on the northern side, the promontory, surroutded on all sides by water, and all aroand by batteries armed with several hundred guns, with its citadel in the ccutre—and the northern tort having a quite free communication with Russia, present also a new de- fence. Sach are the visible meana of defending Sebastopol to the last stone, and surely it cannot be doubted that every stone, will be defended with the greatest tenacity and the most complete self<ienial. Brooklyn City News. Fsornva Lock Ur. —Captain Smith, of the Firat Dis trict police, locked up the engines belonging to compu- nies and 4, on Saturday, by orders of the Mayor. ‘The companies are charged with being disorderly while running toa fire on Wednesday afternoon. er will be investionted at a special meeting of the Common | Council on Monday night. A Weoping iN te Maron's Ovrwr.--A German couple, named Samuel Davies and Anelia Roventangh, called at the Mayor's office on Saturday, and requested to be mar- ried. Justice mith was sent for, and the ceremony was duly periormed {nm presence of the Mayor and # number of policemen. After the knot was tied, the happy couple left the roc, the groom inviting the company to a neighboring lager bier ealc How mavy accepted the invitation, we were not info IvroxieaTo.—The pol Brooklyn made twelve day night—being a conni Saturday night. Mortaury.—The whole number of deaths for the week ending August 18, were of which were males 60. Of thin number, 18 were a 107 minors. ‘The principal canses of jateetum and marasmus. Disease ra infantom, 31; cholera morbus, 1 ation of brain, consumption, 5, convulsioms, 6; croup, 6: debility, 4; thon, &; dropey im head, #: dysentery, 5; erysipelas 1; bilious, T; wearlet fever, 6. ner fever, 4: hooping 4, inflammation of brain inflammation o dixtrict of non Satnr- le decrease on the previous and fewales chole- 1; inflammation ef liver, , inflammation of Jungs, 0: marasmus, 14; measles, 1. pren ith, 4 sprue, 4 slillborn, 4; teething, &, uleers on intestines, | I—Totad, ¥ Coronerw Inquest Lxowsen wits Fistnxo.—Coromer ©’Ponnell bell an inquest yesterday, at No. 34 Oak street, upon the body of | « boy, thirteen years of age. named Henry H. Shulten: wh found drowned! at No, OD Raat e red, sturte wience « urpose of catching some fish at the return to his home heard of him until yesterday, when bie hody w | vered tloating in the water at the # place jury | in this case rendered o verdict of seridental drowning. Accumetacer Drowsy A child years of age nomed Ellen Vanenberg, residing on bgard a barge at the toot of Leroy street, waa accidentally ticowned on Satur falling overboard «hile stepping from th The body of the deceneed when ap inquest wos hebt hy Corone sedi’, ec gudyptal tea a —— hentia ade MORNING EDITION—MONDAY, AUGUST 20, 1855. Obituary, HON. ABBOTT LAWKENCH, OF MASSACHUSETTS. We received, on Saturday, the announcement of the death of Abbott Lawrence, the distinguished Boston merchant and politician, which took place at hiv resi- dence, Park street, im that city, on that day at elevew o'clock A.M. Mr. Lawrence has feng been suffering from = chronic disease of the stomach which, at hin age (63) always bafiies the skill of physicians. One of the Boston papers, im wnnouncing bis death, saya: — The melancholy duty devolve ton nnoune! toour readin he death otthe Hlonerable Abbot bavronces Ae & quarter past eleven o'clock this morning, at the age of alxty. (wi eight months, Afler 4 severe and protracted . the spirit of this valued and excellent man passed Tully from its morial frame, and was enfolded In the bosem of tts Maker. Everything that the knowledge and akil of man could had’ been done for his pecovery, bu death had marked him for his victm, and human ald was uo availing. For several days prior to his death bo was In a con Aiceruble degree tree from pain, and during the twenty-four hours tminediately preceding blk decease. was whol selous of what (ranspired around him—his lite gradi # away before the ig of disease, His Inst 8 tate alleyiaied, and bia ax hours brightened by oll thatthe fondest solicttude could suggest, and his dying pillow was smoothed by the hands of affvetion and love, Mr. Lawrence was aman of mark—a perfect type of Anglo-Saxon enterprise, industry, perseverance aud libe- rality, He belonged to the school of «elfmade men, and like George Law, Cornelins Vanderbilt, and other listin- guished Americans, he was his own schoolmaster amd the architect of his own fortunes, Hlis political life was not distinguished for any britiant achievements, either as a Senator or ada diplomat, In Congress he spoke little, but always to the point, and wear. | GANevdhe Mouse the plain facts of the ease, He was a Gn : q high tariff, dyed-in-the-wool Clay and Webster whig. Abbott Lawrence was born in Groton, Massachusetta, on the sixteenth of December, 1702. He wax the third of five sons. His father was a poor farmer, and waa unable to give his children anything more than the winter attendance at the town school, a privilege which is given to every child of New England, without money and without price. The elder brother, Mr. Andrew Lawrence, left home enrly in life; and his father, by mortgaging his farm, raised one thousand dollars, which was im- vested AMek of dry goods for Amos, who established himself in Cornhill, doing a safe business in a small way. Abbott left Groton when he was sixteen, and served be- hind his brother's counter during five years, When he attained his majority, himself and his brother William were taken in partnership with Amos—thus forming the foundation of the famous house of A, & A. Lawrence & Co, The brothers soon became wholesale dealers, and then importers, and Mr. Abbott Lawrence made several voyages abroad; and these adventures always turned out well for the house. In 1819 he married Katharine, the eldest daughter of Timothy Bigelow, a distinguished lawyer and politician of Massachusetts. Five sons and daughters were the issue of this marriage, one of whom, Mr, Limothy B. Lawrence, is now attached to the United States Legation at London, ‘The Brothers Lawrence continued to prosper. ‘The tuaif of 1825 was considered as a god-send for the North, and it certainly gave a great impetus to Ainorican mana- factures, Mr, Lawrence and his brother were among the earliest movers in building Lowell and other manufactur- fng places, and after some years (in 18%) they changed their business from importing to commission merchants, Mr. Tawrence was a delegate to ¢ ieneral Convention of Agriculturiats and Manufacturers, held at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, in the summer (July 50) of 1827. Mr. Abbott Lawrence early identified himself with the whig party. His first public office was that of a Common Councilman of Boston, to which be was elected in 1830, In 18:4 he was clected to Congress, and was a member of the Committee of Ways and Means. He did not often en- gage in debate. Of his speeches made during this gress, probably the best was one delivered January 11, 1837, om a proposition to reduce the revenue of the United States to the wants of the government. It was in nee to this speech that the Hon. Thomas Corwin ‘My friend from Massachusetts (Mr. Lawrence) iressed you with so much force and clearness yes y, has left nothing to be said Ly of these topic tir, the results of that gentleman's actual expe # nided by the promptings of a goml heart, are ne Letter authority on such subjects than @ ‘thousand quartos filled with the speculations of closeted econo mists. Mr. vrence declined a re-election. On his return to Foston at the close of Congress, many of his fellow clti- zens were desirous of extending to him (to use their own words) ‘a slight indication of their personal esteem and of their sense of his public character,”’ and accordingly invited him to partake of a public dinner, In a letter declining the invitation, Mr. Lawrence discussed the preminent political questions of the day, and in relation to the annexation of Texas, which then first began to be agitated, raid: “Let us maintain the constitution as we received it from our fathers, and resist every witenrpt at the acquisition of territory to be inhi slaves. Avacuncy having cccurre! in the Maseachusette ¢ gresstonal delegation in 1829, Mr, Lawrence to fill it, and he took his In the month of & attacked with 1 ry Was extremely doubtiul. this sickness, Mr. Lawrence resigned his seat terminated his Congressional services. Mr. Lawrence never allowed politica to interfere with Ide buriness. He was a thorough merchant, and only mingled in politics a# @ seconda . His plensant manners (Lonhommir as the French call it,) muse bins a great favorite with all parties at Washington. At the inauguration of General Harrbwm, in 1841, Mr. Lawremee was at Washington, where be farnished a plan tor a National Bonk, with « capital of $25,000,000, which was never acts! upon, The next year (1942) he waa ep pointed by the Governor Massachusetts one of the Commissioners to treat with Lord Ashburton om the North-Fastern boundary, During the whole negotiation, which took place im summer, Mr. Lawrence was at Wash iugton. He was President of a Convention held at Fi neuil Hall, September 11, 1842, to nominate » whig can didatefor the Presidency on the part of Massachusetta Homorable rag! Clay received Whe nomination, July 1, 1843, Mr. Lawrence embarked in the steamer Columbia for England, The next day the vessel was wrecked on Black Ledge, near Seal Isiaad, Nova Scotia. Nene of tho rusengers wore lost, though the ship went tw pieces. ‘Ihe following is an extract from a letter writ ten by Mr. Lawrence to bis son at that tine —' T have only tisno to ray that I dinary. lweniy yard her side, with © mowlerate breeze, woukt have consigned us all to a watery grave. Through the mercy of God we have all boon «pared, Liv ing monuments of Hix protecting care.” Mr did not allow this | ‘erruption to alter hi voyage, but procerded by the next steamer t Ketnrning in 1844, Mr. Lawree Clay, who was bis beew ideal o} econemist. He was to the Whig Nationa 1, 1844, and he was one of the committer refer 06 ith, in consequence and thu tia? nomination was made by experienced in elocting « Four persons were hroug! . mainly between Mr. Freling! of Maseachbusettx, Mr. Lawrence latter gentionan. but when tion, on the third ) ard, and in the ne husetts and the other S pledged the friends of Mr. Davis te support of the whig ticket—an example imitated by other delegates, under very stances, four yours later Mr. wrence cleetorn at large for Marsarhusetts in 194 course, in common with his colleagues, voted Cay. ‘In 1845 Mr. Lawrence was one of the the new manutheturing town of Lawrence, 2 of the largest contributors towards its establishment the Chicago Convention, (nm 1847, he wee opp man of a committees, consisting « to guther atatistes and presen In 1848, Mr. Lawrence was himaelf # prominent date for the office of Vieo Pre Mr. Lawre cefved, on the firet ballot, only six votes lees than Fillmore. The hatter gentleman received 13) vote Jawrence 100 ‘The atter Was then compro that Mr. Fillmore should have President, and Mr. Lawrence (ebinet, of a tir class mi he which waa ne similiy cireun he ston decmed thie ph las renee Minister to Foghat lor London in vmn ot 49, and remained in the barge of his diplomat out 2. He was an exceedingly pe ter, bly wealth and liberality allowing him the proudest ariet entertainments crate of being what ton f mny though a strong. protection t that, +» Sowld come upon the cour the adoption of the reveaue tariff of Mr, Waiker «+ th propered; and be particularly eet forth the gin tha Virginie id derive, in hie opinion, from Ue prote tive pe if ber great oaturel advantages were jar cowry tndersteod and employed. At tie clove ol the recon’ letter, Mr. Lawrence said : “When | have th + to meet you, we can diseues all thes questions, | ug not ouly the present condition, but the fa | pects and destiny of jet countey, for | ‘ entertain the etre i ves 3 } piece PRICE TWO CENTS. strength and in upholding and maintaining the Union."” This tho danguage ran third letter: “My affections for this cor are not bounded by geogru watry: phical lines; and whetler I find myself in Maine or in Georgia, still I au an Ameriean cttizen, protected by the constitution and Laws of ove of the mort happy countries wpon which the sun ever shome.”’ In ammwer to certain inquiries from citizers of Bosten, as te his public courme, when a candidate for Congreve in 1830, Mr. Lawrence said: “If elected, I shall devota my hainbhe energies to promote what I belleve to be fucthe permanent interest of the whole people.” Mr. Lawrence’s publie and private charities were namerous. He endowed = scientide schocé at Harvard University with $10,000. Me cutabfished the Lawrence irizea to he contended for the eleves of the Jigh and Latin Schools im Boston. His pure, as wo have heard, was ever open t» the poor and unfortunate, ‘He was truly « good, if not m great mam. He was taxed in Bortem for one million, but bis property will probably: exceed douBie that sum. He was one of a clays of men pnp apts te thie republic— class to which it owes much of its prosperity und its truo glory. We have jus! heard, saya the Baltimore Patriot of the 17th ipst., of the death of the Hom. Jonx Rowan, of Kea- tueky, brother-in-law of James M. Buchanan, Easq., of Paltimore county. Mr. RK. was the son of the inte Judge Rowan, of Kentucky, and was the Charge to Naples during the admiistration of President Polk. He was w gentleman universally beloved and reapected. Dramatic and Musical Matters. ‘The city is full of strangers from the South and Weat, and ull sorts of entertainments are well patronised. ‘The Ravels at the Broadway, and Mr. Burton and ‘“Cindéralla’? at Niblo’s, attract crowded houses, while the Bowery has been doing very well with a new spectacle, “The Inva- sion of Britain.” The ballet and French vaudeville per- formances at the Metropolitan closed on Saturday night. ‘The amateur performance which took place at Wallack’s on the evening of the 15th, attracted a fair house, and the net receipta were something over $100, Things for next season have begun to t shape. The Broadway theatre will Ba ot September, and there will be, as we have said before, many changes in the company. Mr. W.R. Blake is stage manager; Mr. Charles Fisher leading ac.¢ 1 In tragedy and comedy, vice Mr. F. B. Con- a definite open on the way; Mr. v. W. Lanergan, Mr. I. W. Fenno, Mr. 5. D. Flynge, Mr. A. Chapman and Mr, James Seymour, are engaged. Madfaf6-Poniai is the only lady of the old stock who is re-cngaged. It is expected that Mr. Marshall will bring out a cady toploy juvenile tragedy, and another for soubrates, from Exlgland. Mr. N. B. Clarke, the py vent acting manager, will remain as Mr. Blake's lieaten- ant, Several spectacle plays will be gotten up during the season. The stock company will be a very strong one, and there will be but few star engagements, ‘The season promises to be exceedingly brilliant. Mr. Burton will open his theatre in Chambers street on the dd of September. Among the new engagements we lear of Miss Kate Reignolds, who played Virginia one night at the Rrondway last winter, Mr. John Dyott and Mr. 1. Bland. Mr. Wallack intends to open his theatre about the 10th September. His company includes many strong names— Mr. H. Placide, Mr. H. Hall, Mr. C. Walcot, Mr. Brough- am, Mr, Geo, Holland, Mr. Lester, Mra, Hoey, Mrs. Ver- non, Miss Kate Saxon, Mrs. Stephens, &., &e. [tis stated that Mr, Wallack intends to play burlesques and dramas occasionally, as an entremet to comedy. The evening of the SA of September will be quite a theatrical frte—three theatres being then to be opened, including the Metropolitan, with Rachel in “Los Ho racea,’’ probably. So our theatrical friends in the - try will do well to prepare for a treat. The manager of the Rachel company announces that a ealoon will be opened in the Metropolitan Theatre, ss an art gallery, to be filled up with voluntary contribntions of statuary, paintings other art works following not! RACHEL DRAMATIC COMPANY. Hargan, Feu, New Yorn, Aug. 19, 1865. Manager. To THE ED:TOR OF THE WERAWD. Will you allow me to state that 1 did not intend for Publicution the letter which I wrote to a limited number We have received the hing could than the None Int bear- admitted on to lay this let NAQuer of the Machel Coup The Exouen Orea Couraxy at Niblo’s has made gp hit with Cinderella,’ and it i announced for another week. Miss L. Pyne will introduce to-night Bishop's ballad “Io! bere the gentle lark At the Broanway Tunatme, the last the present performances will he com ing. ‘The programme includes the pantomime called Jocko,”” with Gabriel Ravel and his son George; the ex- traordinary performance of the Martinetti Brothers, and the ballet called ’ ed every night during the past week ‘The berrorottay TwxaTee will be re-opened to-night for Mr. Hackett’s performances, which will contin curing t “Henry the Fourth’? (First Part) is the attraction for this evening, with Mr. Hackett as Fal- staff, Mr. Norton as King Henry, Mr. Ayling a+ Hotspur ter before your Acting Mans, week but one of weneed this even- Satanita.’’ The Broadway was crowd weeks, Mr, Allen as Prince Hal, and Mr, F. A. Vincent ax Fran. cas, “Rip Ven Winkle’ will be played to-porrow night, At the Bowery Tm arn, Mr. 1 Mine Ch: ha appear ‘aud the “Happy Man the populur leading tage lever delineators of Irish and Yuukee mence an engagement (his evening land and America Luesday, Mr. Ke Jone ‘Onur Gal, dian at thin house, has a benefit. The Woon Mowraas are doing ® fine business The programme for this evening avounds with good things Poamane Goer, &.—The Canada season has, we hear, been a bud one, both at Montrral and Bytown—at the last named place the theatre has {been chewed and Uw company dispersed ——Mr. Jobn Brougham i« playing # rtar engagement at Chicago. ——Henry Parres and Loulea Howurd are at Teronto.—Mr. J. E. Hayes is engaged as rene painter at the Burton Theatre. He is now oe pied im etecking the new theatre at Troy ——The German Dromatic Society of Borton gave a performance on Fri- The pleces played were oay evening The German F grunt in one act, by [. Bernstetn, and Comark und the Volunteer,” by Kotzebue —Mer Hayne ix in Chicago, where she ° ner residence. We see the reported marriage of Mire bilee Logen to Me. George Wood, which it {+ alleged took place recently at Niagura Fall.——Mr. Wm. Da vidge, the comedian & star engagement in London, ©. W., after 2 goes to Pittsburg The rehearsal at the Lowell Musevin was suddenly inter appear pon the «tage @ Clemence Harlin P. Coane of Lowell, ond a weman neine! Kinma Blackstone. to whom Crane, wae mar Manchester, on the nly Inst arrested while rehenrsing—Crane “with aduitery, having teen previously mar +f this city, from whos be was diver ond marriage und wun discharges hel Faniord’* company bave Portland, Ma good he pacers are Howard Atheneum, - Farren is playing a very eucressfal en at the Boston Museau —Mr retarned from ' on theatre will be orened or te We beur that Mrv. Pw 1 play light ph le ——There b been M eee Horton, at whieh Mr. Ge playing hes made quite w fervre — Yrs Vining are at ihe Albeny th Theatre, the Troy Adeiph i next, under the manegen y | gn for the interic « taken from Wallack's Wiliam I. Hower, theacchitect. The howse D vy Dramatic Pile Avsockation. in the very heart of the elty, It ie to hold four hundred doller—aW. B Eng! bar 0 dram: sopany performing at Rath Me with W. H. Goods (tat —— Mere. Forbes ent Mr WM. Ward are playioy in Huflalo.——#liter, Wells & Fired WO at the Each: etreet theater, Hatt play Wwe ¢p ‘“Hobert Macsire’'=sem, A Wille 7 he pert of Rob. Mt ws rorge whol arrived in Boston on Faturda m Liverph——Mr Buchanan will sell an Freneleco om today's stenmer Fea pire ( Y —At (he Veudevil hearing in some respects a singular resemblance ( AM. Alexandre Dumas the younger, “Le Demi which ity bundredty perform ence at the Gymnane, has been brought forward, written by M. Fanile Angier, and promises to rival that cade brated uLieie ot mens Ae Oar ain clare A eoriet 7 ia Pacts in lately ree ANOTHER BROADSIDE FROM THE CUBAN IUNTA. vor of the public. The 14% Of the pice, remarkable (or ita boldness, would be haza: Jous Lefore any aubence uot accustomed to such exponit..ns of character os they have been made familiar with by” ‘140 Filles de Marbre,’* “La Paine aux Camélias,” and oth er favorite samples of the modera school, upon which a h.'gher tone of moruls anda more bealshy taste would have pronounced seu- ~ tence of excommunication at a first bearing, wit | Hostility and Imbecility of the — '- istration. } Did the Revolntion Gain or Lose by the idea of Annexation ? i ont reprieve. Olympe, the heroine of M. Augior’» piece, is one of those elever, clear teaded tadiow who abound in this style of drama, avd has been sufficiently skilful to inveigle a young gentleman of noble family into a nruzriage, and the cons@pusnces of the iffated union furnish the materials of the piece, which bears the title of “Le Marriage d’Olympe.”” Fear Gubof digracing his name, hy keeps his unarciage a se- cxet, but his uncle, the Marquis de Puygeron, o taigh minded nobleman, discovers tlw truth, and ia natunally indignant at the shameful mésatliance, but Olympé; by her avts and hypocrisy, contrives to win him over to Her vide. Foon, however, growing weary of the restraints imposed upon her by her new modo of life, ahe takes oe- casion to renew her scandalous laisons with her adunl+ vers of farmer days; benee, scenes of jesiousy on the part of the husband, and further abandened excesses by the wife. To prevent the dishonor of his-famity, the Marquix offers her five hundred thousand franca to leave the country. Oly:mpe refuses to accept lows than three tines that rum, Furious at her effrontery, he reproaches her violently, and, at length, exasperated beyond endurance draws out » pistol and lays her dead at has feet. This tragic winding up, which partakes more of the ancient melodrama than of the new school, seemed to take the public a little by surprise; it did not, however, inter- rupt the current of sueceas which had set imearly in the piece, and the name of the author was given out with “all the honors.’ A ‘nico plece,”” we #hould think. —The Princess Czartoryska Intely guve an entertain ment at Breadalbane House, London, in aid of the bene- yolent fund of the Literary Association of the Friends of Foland, Her Highness the Princess has long had high repute as @ pianist.——Rachel gave, in Paris, a represen tation ina istroswed Kugti Madame Alboni and Roger are drawing great houses to the Grand opera in the “Prophete."’ The new director of the Ita is M. Calzado, of the Havana; M. Salvi, the tenor, {4 amid to be associated with him. in. the privilege ——tThe next novelty at the Franguis willbe the transla tion of Kotzebue's “Misanthropie et Repentir’? (“The Stranger”? of the English stage), by the late unfortunate Gerard de Nerval. ——Mme, Vlessy is also shortly to make her venfree at the Frangais in a new comedy by that ex- cellent comedian, M. Regnier, who bas been « sleeping partner in many of the most successful dramas brough lian O; out th ——The Teatro Re at Milan has commenced ite autumnal season with ‘La € o Ladra.!’ The perform: ance did not go off with desirable ensemble, chiefly owing to the chorus “Che la Diretta via avea Smarrita.’ ‘The principal artistes, however, Miles. Rovaglia (Ninetta) Al (Pippo) —the latter, whem the musical world in Paris will remember with pleasure as one of the stars at the Lyrique a couple of Keasons ago under the name of Duez, were warmly ap planded, expecially in the duet in the second act. MM Maceani and Liorens are well spoken of ——We an- nounced some time ago that the manager of the Seala, in Milan, had failed, and that the artistes had formed them. selves into a kind of joint stock company, to carry on the concern until the end of the season. The iden has been seized upon by other avtistes, who, having formed » company under the name of Socicta de Profewori a Or- ehestra,, presided over by M. Mazzucato, have obtained the privilege that noble theatre for three years.——The English pianist, Mlle, Goddard, hay been giving some concerts at Florence, where, aceording to the Ko @ Kureqa, she ban made » most favorable inpresion,—— At Hamburg they have been playing “Die Waise aus Lowood,”’ founded by Madame Birch-Pfeiffer, on the novel of “Jane Fyre.’ ‘The cast was probably the t completo yot employed in the representation of the play, and comprived Frau, Burggraf, ax Mistress o. and Heer Hendrich+ Das Glas Head; ¥ an Re Waseor,” has alao been very completely performed At Vienna, the majority of the artistes employed at the Jiglian Opera have been re-enguged tyene on Hendrichs, a# Jane Ky or, Cormar's five net comedy very advantages 4. Bettinl receives 12,000 florins for three months; Carrion and Bassini, 10,009 florins euch; Medori, 14,000, &. The Austrian flovin is about forty conts——M. And a Spanish composer, hae brough & new operetta, “ Zaryuela,”? at the Clroo It ix reported to have been received with ion of a new then id in by Mr. @ on the 10th of April. It {x the property of Mr. Coppin. ———Uathie rine Hayes, after gr as at Caloutta, haw re turned to Australia, where her popularty and progt are sali to be beyond all precedent Population of Jersey ( { Sormy City by the a following are derived — Native white ma Foreign white mal Native white ferna Foreign white females Colored taal Colored females The ebildren Letweem five and White ral White fe eon Colored Colored females 6A ATA 108 lation in Jone, 1600, 1247 five years 10.22. Wilhamsburg City News. Fivi.—Shortly after 10 o'clock om Satarday night, « fire waa discovered in the foundry and stove manulactory Me Laftie Wood, foot of South Sixth street, Kaatern The firemen were soon al work, but the bulk being @ temporary one, and a strong wind prevailing the fume ead rw to the three ory brick building on the front of the lot, alan owned by Mr. Woot nccupird a4 a «tove store and tenement house, Aw ange of the wind drove the flames opm the rinith ond finishing shop, and a two «ory milting. whirh, together with the others and contents was de roye Ifally managed by the the Fir {their efforta were mae the police, and by this means an extensive contiagrs tion * 4 folowing ia the estimated bows The mmiry, 980), blackamich shop 800 machinery 8) we: 14.000, cantings Ge mages, 92 Total uP. romero of Ube absence of Mr, Wood, the atnount of insnran net be necertained. The fi ain ma the he nae the families bur ma “ne News by the Matis. + President hax teeogniond Den Remon f Valdew Conrol General of the Kayublie of Mexioe Mies Mary Micbmend of Prowdence Ay, eventy-nine yearaof age, w nthe Meth i who bad i endant Navel Intelligence. at Maca Vuettons or THR ALnaxy—A Cambridge cor . the Beaton Pod farulaee v7 + oliewing eRirert (rom ® private fet €. Maather t woaid mem ta thew that the sicopot war Albany did not atk 1 euctonty ee tuake preparation for ssving + men 4 up two very nice t they were plugged no as to be w egrther. they also had nalle drtren in wo t we thought they must have had be in them, ant J. tele me today that when them, in order to paint them, he dleevveret the let U @ chip Albany Rd. tells me that the letters on the cask are ( * rhein Hom. The Al te mat viebie emt the BH ver auatinet ne General Quitiman’s Detection Attributed te ts tnaence. ' ‘ Antiquity of the Angio-Frenefi Allioner, he. dke., he. Te Cuban Janta has pabliabed, throngh its See retary, another solemn und) portentous manifeato, discussing the past history and present attitade of the revolutionary movement. We deem the dooce ment of sufficient interest and importance to warrant its transiation and psbdlication jn oar columes. Lt is as follows: — In speaking of the vicisaitudes of people there are words whieh symbetize greatand complex inte rents, and which resume, in theraselves, ol) the parte of a complicated moral/work. The words region, Uberty, anion, republic, independence, empire, mo- narchy, &c., have been, and are, thewxponent of a whole social cr political «ntem—the banner around which ita defenders ure grouped. Like all great ideas, they foment enthusime; and in giving suste nance to the most flattering hopes they receive from the people themselves that consecration which impresees—as it were to divinity—the most pre foundand religious respect. It ia a pity of him who attempts to approach the idpt with scrutinizing es in the inflammable epoci’ of incubation. The exalted passions, and the preoccupations which accompany them, hardly afford time to the observing mind for any reasoning to comerto the aid of com mon optnion. Hut time and the developement of the secrets which it holds, come afterwards with their inexorable logic to restore some calm to the pubtie spirit, and to open the way to the examination and study of the lessons of the past; such we believe has ocet to the Cubans in regard to the sentiment and lencies which the word amnexation brings with it, Far, very fur from us, is the desire or the presumption of combatting it: we only come as humble journalista to deposit in the register of the recognized organ of oar revolution the fruit of our experience, and of car observations, to the end that the people may read of them, may apyreciate them— if they so deserve may study them, may doliberate and may resolve. Caba waa lying submerged in the colonial condi- tion to which the unjust mother conntry had condemned it, by excluding it’ in 1837 from the social Spanish pact of which it had formed @ part for more than three hundred years—when the independence and annexation of Texas w the United States came to offer a model to imitate, and a direc. tion to give to our aspirations, restrained up, to thet * time by the terrors which the dangers of our politi- cal and social condition imapired. Even in those days, the island had taken strides in civilization, in wealth, in reed compared with the former riods in which it had aspired. to its liberty; and jestoned by the experience of our brothers of the Continent, it was Lelleved that the solution to the problem was found in annexation to the American Jnion. This truth is notorious, ill as it is covered by the fact that a condition of independence must precede annexation. If independence must have precedence in the order of events, annexation, by virtue of its necessity and its importance, must be « consequence. Annexation resolved everything for Cuba, excepting the existence of itw individaallty. 1% comprised the liberty enjoyed by the American people under a system of government which i# today admiration of the world. It left hope for the pre- servation of the initivtory movement of our revoin- tion here, where our aasociation was going to raise immense funds, although without tranagressing the jaws. It promised powerful assistance of every kind before, and in the terrible period of probation. And in iasuing trinmphantly from it, it offered the conservation of social interests, and the enjoyment of peace within and security without, Thos aanexm- tion hed the triple virtne of confirming the exigen- cles of the past, of creating a present, and of guar onteeing the future. Annexation was also a neces wity at that time, to raine the public #pirit to the altitade of our righta. These wore fascinating hopes in the eyes of the oppressed people of Cuba, aud nevertheless, these were not the only things to induce the people to rum the hazards of » revolution. Spanish dexpotiam per- formed ita part at the mume time. From the high aristocracy, whose members were also converted into dewpined colonists, down to the class of the free seaple of color, cut off by one-fourth in. the Saint Jartholomew of O'Donnell —all were sul de privation of the rights of man—all were mu ne the most shameful outrages, the moat lnwalting de gradation of human dignity, the harshort and most exorbitant exactions, and all the series of evils which tyranny brings in ita train, The revolution, travel- ling towards annexation, waa accepted ax a saving thought, and one of pomible realization. Stil the idea Veing pew, and phe foreign alds being ill defined, the revolutionary «pint wavered in the beginning, up- certain and irresolute, among dontta and fears, until the indefatigable genius, and the eublime self-denial of Soper tore away, at Cardenas, the veil which covered the seerets of the programme. Theory into fact, hope into reality, and the from the state of induction to the ground of permuasion, and to the devolopementof the paswtonn ro png compremed, The reitersted efferta tuade by the ilustrious standard bearer of our rights, to direet public opinion towards anther channel, were aot | sufficient to change public canvietion, and the tea | lution of many, partly becanse hia reamune wubjected | to the eriticiem of the time, did not govern the site | ton—they royed it without building bp partly, and above all, that in regard of the feeling | of exclusive Kepancliam, they had cast side the desperate counsel that Cuba bad only to ark, and Spain to grant. it dees not come within the limited seope of this article 9 deerend to the theatre of revolutionary facts, it is enough to feel that annexation was ite determining and impnigive motive, and that it waa, for the greater number, the pubriment which sum tained the cause, the end and objectof many sae Tiflces, until vot long agen Ube vieianitades and saddew changes epringing from the complication of so many © ntering clement, induced emme patricia ty appmach the question, although privately, and Ww endeavor Ww direct the revolutionary apera- tions by another road. Hout they baited for that lime until they should se the remit whieh the ripened project of thowe days might take, Well, that project haa already burst, and for the reamm, thatthe moral revolution in Coba haw tained Coloemel proportions, aod that every tranmue- ton between tbe colmy and its metropolis is now mpomibie, today, while we @and on a rtarting point, for anew action, it behooves the Cuban pes ple We wobject Wo the exatiination of an enlightensd and conse icntioss reasoning, the question whether the ides of aboesation, os means, ham fulfilled all that it protued in the preliminary epoch of revo tehen, whet contrary elements it hes created, and | what effects it hen produced (award the construna tion of its object. Without the consciousness of their own power | the Cotens thought that itwas easier for them to vty bither their flag, their delegates snd their means, give ineipiency to the rile with a foreign power, than to initiate it themselven, and W await afterwards the aid which they would elways have needed. They calculated apon Amert can sympathies, excited, among her causes, by ae wexation, They beliewed tue to le aleo the wrentest dewidyratum for the Ameniean goverament and people: and they beleved, in fact, taut the greet bnterewts which Chee id drew from that usien would be an irresiwititie #timall for the tacit accept ance of the compact, and for the rendering of such as vintance as we cequired, aod aa would be compatitie with the nations! law and with the obligations of the law of nations Was ever hope founded in pre codents mnore certain, and more powertel ? Now bas it been corresponded ww? Let as descend w feete | "On the 10th of Janomry, 1868, a distinguished pe | trot, 1p accord with many others, came to estabindy here the symbol of cur new creed in the jourtsal ta Virdad. At \he mame time the Sun, of thie fry, bad embraced cur doctrine, and memalned thre with & fidelity and perseverance deverving of amr eterna) gratitade. In what manuer was this Gap oy care for Wherty reecived) The teet of Une Coawetied tere wie tee erepme ot Sateen } | |