The New York Herald Newspaper, January 6, 1855, Page 2

34 — ARRIVAL OF THE ASIA’S MAILS, he Details of Pive Dayr Intelligence. Rater OR PARIS AND LON" iy coeRESPONDENCE, bead ko., ae, © os lnnien Commpenionan Lonpon, Dee? 22, 1854. Be geriat Orisis in England—The Foreign Enrolmen, BWA Dedate on the Second Reading—Ministerial Ma- * Sority Thirty-nine—Third Reading en 22d—Popular Weeding Against the Bill—Austria and Prussia—The Preaty Ratified—Baron Usedom Sent by the King of Prussia. to London to Negotiate—Dificult Game for Austria— Vote of thanks by the British Parliament to the Army and Navy of France—Latest from Sebasto- pol—Mr. Soulé at Madrid—England and Sardinia— Blocks, dc. , dc. We have had a ministerial crisis here, and for » mo- ment the prevailing idea was that the ministry would ‘have been in a minority, and have resigned. The cause ef this crisis is the so-called ‘‘Enrolment of Foreigners Bi,” brought in by the government, demanding the im mediate furmation of a foreign legion, with « draft of 26,000 te come to England as a depot. The first wording of the Dill was so clumsy that it appeared ax if it was he intention of the government to garrison England ‘with foreigners. The indignation throughout the coun. ‘Wey was immense, and on the second reading, even after ‘he Dill had been modified in committee, a determined epposition was showa in both houses. In the Lords, the ‘BAM has been read a third time; and on Tuesday night, @m the Commons, it was read a second time. After a pro- tracted debate, the numbers were for the second reading B41, against it 202; majority for ministers, 39. The mimisters announced their intention of resigning had ‘Mhey been defeated. There will be another heavy debate @e-night, on the third reading in the Commons; but as mest of the leading members of the opposition have al- weady spoken, it will probably pass. In all probability, ‘Mee telegraph will bring you the result. ‘The following is a copy of the bill, as amended on re- port. Itis entitled “An Act to permit Foreignersfto be enlisted, and to serve as Officers antl Soldiers im her Majesty’s Forces.” The fifth clause here printed was mtrack outin the House of Lords last night — ‘Whereas it is expedient that her Majesty, during the @entinuance of the war, should be enabled to enlist and employ foreigners in her army ; be it therefore enacved ‘the Queen’s Most Excellent Majesty, by and with the and consent of the Lords spiritual and temporal, ged Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, aan oy the authority of the same, as follows :— \. Tt Moted shall be lawful for her Majesty to cause tobe en- as soldiers into her service persons not bei matural born subjects or entitled to the privileges of natural born subjects of her Majesty, who may volun- farily enter themselves for such service, and to grant @emmissions or letters of service to any such persons to Berve as officers, the persons so enlisted and commis- aioned to be formed into separate regiments, battalions, amd corps; and such enlistment, commission, and the gervice thereunder, shall be as lawful as if such persons were vatural born subjects of her Majesty. 2. Provided always, that the men serving under this act shall not be employed in the United Kingdom except for the purpose of being “trained, arrayed, and formed Sato regiments, battalions, or corps for foreign service, ‘and except such bodies of reserve as may be kept in the United Kingdom for training and arraying recruits, and for supplying vacancies in such regiments, battalions, ‘er corps; and that there shall not be within the United more, in the whole, than 10,000 men serving under this act at any one time. Every person enlisted as a soldier under the authority ‘of this ‘act shall be attested in such manner as her Majes- ty shall direct, and not otherwise; and all officers, non- cemmissioned officers, drummers, and private soldiers enlisting or commissioned under this act shall take such wath for their fidelity during their continuance in her jeaty’s service as Ler Majesty shall direct, and no 4. Subject to the provisions herein contained, all of- ficers, non-commissioned officers, drummers, or private soldiers s¢: under the provisions of this act, shall de subject to all the provisions contained in any act for ‘the time being in force “for punishing mutiny and de- wertion, and for the better payment of the army and their quarters,”’ and the Articles of War made in pur- suance thereof, in the same mer to all intents and #8 as any of her Majes regular forces are sub- to the same. 5. It shall be lawful for her Majesty, if she see fit, to make any supplemental Articles of War to be applicable ly to persons who may be enlisted or commis- under this act, and thereby to vary or control Articles of War for the time being in force; the restrictions and provisions contained fm any act for the time being in force, ‘for punishing mutiny and desertion, and the better payment ‘ef the army and their quarters,’’ in relation to Articles of War made thereunder, shall be applicable to such supplemental Articles of War as aforesaid. This act shall continue in force during the present swar, and until one year after the ratification of a defi- mitive treaty of peace. In the Lords, the Earl of Ellenborough was the chief e@pponent of the bill, supported by Lord Derby and follow- ers. Im the Commons, Disraeli took the lead, and was swell supported by Bulwer, the novelist, and other mem- ‘bers of the opposition. Lord John- Russell and Sidney Herbert defenied the bill. Lord John quoted precedents from English history to show that a foreign legion had 4m most wars been employed by English monarchs. He went as far back as the reign of William IL., of Anne, and then brought history down to Wellington in the Peninsular.’ He made a brilliant speech in « historical point of view. Bulwer, in a very eloquent speech, showed how English national feeling was against fighting side by side with mercenaries, and England was quite strong enongh to do without hirelings. Sidney Herbert pointed put the necessity of having more troops ready to meet ‘every emergency. He did noi appeal to precedents. As- sistance was wanted, and ought to be got. Disraeli put Lord John Russell right on ove point. The foreigners ander Marlborough and Wellington, though in British pay, were not hirelings, but allies—auxiliaries who had ‘a certain interest in fighting with us, Englishmen did not object to fight side by side with foreigners—the best proof was Alma and Inkermaon—what they would object to was, fighting with men who fought for gold only, and if the enemy paid them better, would desert to a man. You will see that ‘there are cons as well aé prot to this measure, and, in Sact, if Austria is in earnest, where is the necessity of procuring and ma king England pay for some thirty or forty thousand foreigners, if Austria has a fine army of five hundred thousand fighting men to join us? Surely the joint armies of England, France, Austria and Turkey ought to be a match for Russia. Or does the government mistrust Austria ‘They have very good reason to doso, You will, of g@ourse, make your own comments upon this measure, and the opinion of the United States will be eagerly Jheard, as not being actually an interested party in the war. ‘The Austrian treaty of the 24 December was ratified oo the 14th. It is more satisfactory than was supposed, sand people are at a loss to explain Lord John Russell's mcoount of it before it was produced. “The Emperer of Austria has just sent a special envoy Go Paris, the bearer of an autograph letter and the or- @er of St. Stephon, patron of Austria, (first clase) to Napoleon Ill. That looks well for the allies. Russia is soncentrating an army close on the Austrian frontier and Austria, on Ler side, is preparing for all eventu- alities, ® Prussia ie much alarmed, The people are decidedly in favor of the Western Powers, whilst the King and Court are Russian, The King has just ent Baron Usedgm, formerly Prussian Ambassador at Rome, to London on @ special mission, to sound the English Cabinet. He is ‘the bearer of an autograph letter from the King to Queen Victoria, and his object isto stipulate « special treaty with England and France, to avoid thereby being compelled to join the treaty of the 2d December. Austria has, in fact, completely outwitted Prussia and now stands at the head of Germany. ‘The foreign enlistment bill will alarm Austria. ‘There is not a Pole, Hungarian, Lombard er discon- ented liberal in Europe that does not hope for a slap at Reasia, and eventually at Austria, Should the latter power play false, Hungary, Poland, Bohemia, Italy, will rise in arms, and then al) Europe will be o battle field. Austria bas dificult cards to play; but her real inte- fests are with thé Western Powers, Baron Usedom after visiting Loudon proceeds to Paris. Parliament has woanimously passed a vote of thanks the army and navy, and also to the army and navy of lPrance. This compliment to our ally has been hand- semely acknowledged by the Moniteur. Every English soldier present at Alma and Inkermann is to have a medal with two clasps, and the names of Aims and In- are to be borne on the flags of the regiments that fought there. From Sebastopol we have news to the 13th December A telegraphic despatch of that date says that no engage nent hed taken place; it means no battle. The Moni‘eur M thatday publishes a despatch from Admiral Hamelin, q he arrival of 4,000 troops, raye that « bri ad been kept up and that the Ruasians had made some ‘gorous soxtigs om tho Fog feted 12th, Kamiesch Bay, which, whilst announcing | cannonade | NEW YORK HERALD, SATURDAY, JANUARY 6, 1855. ‘were repulsed after a fierce struggle, by musketry, and even at the point of the bayonet. There is nothing stirring elsewhere. A letter from Madrid, of the 4th December, say s:— Mr. Soulé base had an im it conference with M. It is said that Mimister of Fore! Affair: bad not Diario - = with the other a, Mr. poet then er questions, expréssed™ hope tha: the relations ‘between his poole ay and that of Spain wonld continue on a most friendly footing; and, he upon his part, he would do everything in wing all pending questions to an amicable termination. M. Luzuriaga received these with a nece: reserve, whilst yy: s of his personal desire, and of that of his government, to reconcile the maintenance of existing tx with the establishment of international relations fouled on the best datelligence. Mr. Soulé expressed a wish to visit the public establishments of Madrid, and M. Laresiogs romised to give him every fnclity for the purpose. It E impossible to explain this abrupt change in thé ati- tude of Mr. Soulé, — it be a hive my eth answer, by an appearance of a good understan wi t pal gevernwent, the attacks made upon him im the United States. During the week an active business has been donein United States securities, more particularly in Virginia advances protestation 6%, do. (1 Do- 6's, Insc. Stoel Pennsylvania 5) Massachus’ts 6 8. Carolina 5's, a 9% Maryland 6, a Alabama Sed ir ‘ia a & be a Kentucky af Canada a Boston or alo Montreal 68, (1857-1 = New Orleans 6’s, bonds, (1 an Gt. W. of I. 10’s, Ist mrtg. 61 a 62 Pen. Gen. RR. 6’s, bonds, (1 89 a 90 N.Y. & Erie’ 7's, Ist mrtg. (1 100 9 102 . Tia 3d do, (1889), 76 9 11 Do, Va Convertible, (1862)... 70 8 — N. Ind. 7s, 1st. mtg. (Goshen Breh) (1668) 75 a — Terre Haute and Alton 7's, (1867)....... 75 a = P. S.—It is reported that an offensive and defensive treaty is on the tapis between England and Sardinia. Our Paris Correspondence. Panis, Dee. 19, 1854. Effect of the Soulé Affair upon the Bourgeosie of Paris— Alteration of the Tone of Public Feeling Towards Ame- ricans—Mr. Soulé Playing the Lamb at Madrid, after Casting Aside theSkin of the Lion—Magnificent Ca- deau from Queen Isabella to the Pope—The Late Dis. turbances at Dreux—Ourious Discoveries in the Trenches at Sebastopol—Paris Gossip, éc., dc. The somewhat dramatic, as well as diplomatic, affair of Mr. Soulé, has caused to prevaila marked changein the manner of speaking of Americans among the bowr- geoisie class, The conversation up stairs has always, you know, a corresponding effect upon the servants’ hall, and the spirit which has been evinced against the Ame- rican representative by the chief magistrate, has stirred up a species of bile wh'ch will require time to dissipate. The foreigners whose expenditures contribute most Targely to the success of a Paris season, are the Russians, the Americans and the English. The war has, of course, removed the former and the most popular of the three— for the Russians lived either in splendid hotels or beau- tiful apartments, and bought what they wanted without questioning the price. They received on a, large scale, and caused, by che magniftcence of their soirées, a great outlay among modistes, coutouriéres and bijoutiers, and every class and ramification of class connected with them, The English have entirely ceased to be what they wereto Paris. Railroads and steamboats, with the re- volution of 1848, have made a great change. But few families, and those never of high rank, or of enormous pecuniary resources, take up their abode here for the whole season. After the Christmas festivities, when, about February, the heads of the families repair to London to their parliamentary duties, their wives and dauaghters will come to a hotel for» few weeks, till joined by the gentlemen in the Easter vacation; after which the London season commences, and all are gone like swallows at the first menace of winter. Under these circumstances, the Americans have gradually * come to be the only hope of the Parisians. Their dis- tance from home, their eagerness to examine a state of society so new as that which presents itself here; their spirit of enterprise, which finds a mine in every church, and treasures in every mouldering pile, as well as in the Louvre, the museums and trash libraries of the capital, render them careless of every minor consideration in the accomplishment of their object. Whether the apart- ment be ten pounds or fifty a month it is all one to them, so that they can have it; and have it they will. But this expenditure encountered, they do not fail to drive a very sharp bargain for all their other en- gagements, and are in the habit of meeting the compli- mentary salutations of the Freach trader with rather an improvement on John Bull, which by no means adds to their popularity; and now that an opinion prevails that they are out of favor at Court, and that they are quite ready to fire a broadside into France at the first oppertunity, it is not little curious to perceive how acrimonious and bitter arethe remarks which are made, Mr, Soulé, who, asa renegade Frenchman, is always spoken of with the most unmeasured contempt, is, how- ever, still narrowly watched here; and as the relations betwixt France and Spain are constant, everything that he does, as well as every word he speaks, is carefully noted down, i I dare say often made a.great deal more of than is justifiable; but the hope dif man bas sown the storm, and must not take it too much to heart if he now reap the whirlwind. His interviews with M. Lu- guriaga, the new Minister of Foreign Affairs at Madrid, are said to be as remarkably servile as those with M, Pacheco were brusque and overbearing. What is in the wind now? every one is asking, that this fiery lion with red hot mane and tail, should thus become & sucking dove. Oh, don’t you know? Soulé’s freake have well nigh shipwrecked the home govern- ment, and tbis is all to fling dust in the good | le’s eyes, that he may be able to say, “Call mea fire- brand: a stirer up of strife? Behold, I am the most peaceable of men; and M. Laguri cher Lagu- riage—and I are cementing a unien between our re- spective countries, which will hand down our names to posterity in the ages ST nec A In the midst of nancial dificulties of Spain it is curious to learn that the Queen is about to present his Holiness the Pope with a brilliant tiara, ornamented with three crowns of bi ts and with a great many pearls, rubies, emeralds and sapphires, the united value of which will be 600,000 francs, or £20,000 English, Bi royal present is to be placed ina box of sculptured, silver, But to turn to things nearer home. More information is gradually oozing out respecting the disturbance at Dreux, which I have more than once drawn your attention to,’ and enough is now known to rove that a very unpleasant state of feeling exiete un- lerneeth the crust of society, and may one day burst forth in a manner not very easy to be allayed. Itappears that so late back as the of November this state of things had been going on, and that not till it aesumed a truly formidable riot on the 7th of Decem- ber was the slightest intimation of the fact permitted to fore the public, It was ordered by the Prefect— just as the Emperor might issue « decree, if he thought 8t—that every man, woman and child should walk abroad in their night caps—that no man should cover his house with straw. ple in the canton of No- gent-le-Roi rose rp and rebelled against such dictation. A riot ensued, and they were overpowered by the police and gendarmerie, and three of their leaders consigned to durance. The country took alarm, secret meetings were everywhere held in a circle of many leagues. On the 7th the authorities at Chartres were roused by the sound of the tocsin among all the “as villages. A brigade of gendarmerie and two squad- ordered = off in rons of were to Dreux, where were the three prisoners, and to this place also sent out the prefect and military commandant, t the mob had hoping to reach it before the rioters. arrived there already, broken into the prison, and set free their leaders; then turning rot with their num- bers increased by many thousands, and shouting “ Five la paille!’’ they met the unfortunate prefect and com mandant, of whom they immediately took The government organs wish itto be underatood the peasantry cried ‘Vive U'Empereur !"’ hurrah for 1 straw! @ somewhat curious concatenation, one rather equivocal. Sugino which bis Majest, ht perbape think Amid the Wontieeshios af e mob ry voking the orders relative to the roofs however, the refused to do; and the act of marching om Chartres, wit oppetap aoe a ts when t ol an w to fligh' though not without a very desperate Vialstenee wat +4 partof the try, during which stones were hur! and every other missile that could be made avaiiable, The prefect and commandant waa badly bruis as were many of the dragoons. The next two of the 63d foot were despatched from Paris, the greatest ga, Tine egg been taken to se- cure tranquillity. Yesterday a tof light dra- goons from Chateaudan were mar on to 5 and fresh troops bave been ordered to the canton of Nogent le Roi. Judicial in tions are atill in process; but affairs of this kind are looked at with an ominous eye in the present state of France. ¢ most important item oe is that the engineers have discovered a treasure which would proba- bly have excited the cupidity even of some of those charming persons who, at New York, are the vs ir tonideation of Christians’ self denis It apy mf t the inbabitante of the besiege’ fortress, in ¢ | Cight,t bu heir valuables in holes, and Arious recret places of the bowels of the earth as te eappers and miners proceed to their dally ta aed Fyypoh lines, which | drtiliag, pucug, eve Via PE Op, OTer and apoD, come u a nice bit of plate, & casket of jewels, ore cam of hments; but a few days ago, they were ai im} by @ email @eal box, carefully covered over with oil skin, which, on being |, was found to contains ry o Pitis"snd tonteiafag innide the sxotn Wie uote of te con: modiste and her address, Tt was such @ love ! with tiny, tiny form, that needs try it on and colors with his own weather besten thus done its duty this ‘exquisite little work of art, bulged, battered, and misused, was hung up as a beacon to warn all other bonnets, I seppose, how ventured to Bebasiopel. It is said, aleo—but, ‘ofcourse, such intelli second in interest to the incident—that ce is who, on the 9th ins! by: May be said to be get der mn may be sa! under ant anus weigh. Notice has been officially given, t! by cng receiving all the ill be happ to receive in at 9 0” ~ y whe have the ladies to be in which gi of ingenuity to the French artisans. I ‘tunity of returning to this sub- such a mewiney shall have another op} ject. It is sufficient for me to notice eS pemnent ‘the new megecine which has just been opened by Giroux, at the corner of tho outevard ten Capucines. sists of three stages beside the ground floor, each filled with every allurement that can ‘ile many from the swaddling cloth to the last stage of senility. From the ingenious doll, with bp Mebid and squeaking lungs, to the most exquisite ebénisterie and choicest pee from the most renowned asters over eae to be hadthere. A capital of something like £100, is to be invested in these solaces for the heavy-laden. whether young or old. Everybody mui at this “season, Saake ee 4 “y everybody at, and everybody is to ve seen Oo ng the Mesers. ux. The improvement in children’s toys is enormous. Ly nore ies the doll was an un- jovernable block of wood, which now and then pro- luced two it eventualties, from which the [ec gore that now is, is benpoee ney ken head to our dearly beloved brother, whippin; ‘But now caotutchouc does it all apd such mysterious hee shaun finds its within, that if you squeeze the unconscious lovely ene fondly to your bosom, it utters & sound so shrill and clear, you ais imagine ‘ou were blessed withe nursery. Yes, and the rams bah, and the cows moo, and the dogs bark, till the whole thing becomes a real live me with- out the necessity of catering for it. But most of all are found attractive are little theatrical boxes, about foot square, which, on a string being Pp |, play most charming » walts or quad- rille ; and while the notes chime merrily, the figures as- sume the most witch-like animation—for the chickens pick up the corn, and the gude woman, with outspread ‘pron, throws it—the grinder turns his barrel Oa and beats time with oe head, while his son duly accompanies him with the fiddle, working his bow back- wards and forwards like a dancing master, BERTIE. The ts of Peace N Policy of the Czar. a (Dec. 18) Correspondence of Londen’ Times.) the day when the Emperor of Russia will have to sig- nify his acceptance or rejection of the last chance of- fered him is awaited wit! fog canine and as the Ist of January approaches anxiety becomes more intense. The bearer of the treaty from nna to St. Petersburg is, it appears, Count Zichy, who is described as posses: some influence with the Czar, or, at ‘all events, as being on # footing of intimacy with him. Count Zichy had an interview with Prince Paskiewitsch at Warsaw, and the departure of the latter for St. Petersburg at the same time as the Count is said to be in consequence of the dis- closures relative to state of opinion in Europe, the real feeling of the Cabinet of Vienna, and the calamities which the persistence of the Emperor in his pretensions willinevitably bring on his country as well as on Europe —pretensions which not even the most attashed or most servile of his allies has the Cabgpe to ap- rove, and which have now lost all chance of success. it is said—and we may Ng it is ‘trae—that the argu- ments of Count Zichy, and the sombre picture he drew of the impending danger, produced a strong impression on the mind of the Prince, and to this impression is at- tributed his departure for St. miseries What effect they will produce on the ror Nicho- Jas, remains to be seen. The time is approaching rapidly for his categorical answer to the propositions of the three Powers. From what we have seen of Russian po- licy, there would be nothing extraordinary if the Empe- ror tried to deceive the cabinets of Western Euro, ith the object of paralyzing their efforts. It is believed that, as Russia has already signified her intention to accept the four tees an a basis, or a point de depart, for negotiation, she will make a step in advance, and, while declaring her acceptance of these guarantees, de- mand to negotiate as to their practical application, or at least admit the principle of these guarantees, while reserving to berself the right of discussing to how far they should be ied. It is not pro. bable that the Powers, with the Senor of the famous Vienna note before them, will allow themselves to be again mystified, and they know too well with whom they have to deal to’ leave indoubt or uncertainty the principle, whatever it may be, which Russia may affect accept; and we may be certain that they will not re- ceive as bases of negotiations any propositions that are not distinct and tothe commonest apprehension, and that will not give complete satisfaction to Europe. No overtures will be received from Russia that are not precise and that do nct bear on them the certainty of a satisfactory issue, and no more time will be allowed her for fresh preparations to carry on the war under the plea of ni ‘tions. That game has been played too often and too long to be tolerated again. Indeed, it is stated here thet the protocol which specifies, defines and explains the treaty of the 2d in its fullest extent has been actually signed by the three Powers, and that if the proposal to. negotiate on the part of Russia be ‘ac: cepted, a maximum delay to the Ist of March will be nted. In the meaptime, however, no cessation of ostilities on our part@will take place.’ The war will still CS in the Crimea, #hd the fall of Sebastopol be ren- fe more probable every day, News from Rugsia. THE PREPARATIONS FOR THIS YEAR'S CAMPAIGN IN THE BALTIC—THE DOMESTIC TROUBLES OF THE CZAR. {Saint Petersburg iat Correspondence of London imes. It ought not to be supposed in England that because Rus- sia remained entirely passive this summer in the Baltic and allowed her ships to be cooped up at Cronstadt ‘and beatae that she intends to follow a similar course in the ensuing campaign in the Baltic, It may with truth be asserted that the declaration of war took Russia by sur- prise, and that, with all the gigantic resources she pos- sesses, neither the army nor the fortresses were at all prepared fer active warfare. The same may be said with regard to the navy, and to a much greater extent, both in the ae and se lack oy , But ce nach reparations now imperial arsenals for Lad ig the Baltic’ fleet in 8 condition not oaly to carry on a defensive war, but even to assume the offensive, are of such vast magnitude that they ought not to be over- looked in England, or bewo | lightly of. The most im- portant of these measures is the immedivte formation of no less than twenty-six reserve companies of sailors, or ships’ crews, to those may be swept off by British and French cannon bells next summer. Ac- cording to the Russian system, the Baltic fleet is divided into = heap : the mor ST io minster and second being at Cronstadt, at Sweaborg. ‘The new companies or crews are to be formed of those sailors now on furl and those whose time of service expires on the 13th of January next. The old line-of- battle ship Andreas, 84, 18 to be con into a block ship in lieu of the Arsis, 74, which will be fitted for active service. The new a three-decker building here isto be ealled the Emperor Alexander, and is to be ready for service by the end of March next. The impracticable hi ) 84, in to dh toon Rech gph ship, and will be by the Ni nia, 74, and ve the Sth equipage or crew. The old line-of- battle ship Empresa Ale 84, the frigate Proserpine, 44, the enmen A are to be broken up as being fectly unserviceable. ‘The steagn squadron which, as in a former letter, had leftSweaborg for # cruise on the withdrawal of the British fleet, consisted of the Kam‘ 16, 540 horse ¥ ‘ing the flag of Vice ‘Tirinow; the 19, 400 horse eee 16, 460 horse power; the Grossaschi, 6, ; the Chrabroi, 6, 300 horse power; the Gi 6, horse power; the Rurik, 6, 300 horse power; the Otwaschnoi, 6, 400 horse power; and the Bo- girs, 6, 300 horse power—all paddle wheel steamers, ince then another squadron has left the port of Swea- boars been outon a cruise, consisting of the line-of- battle ship Procher, 84, with the flag of Vice Admiral Rumjanzow; the Pultawa, 64, the Brienne, 74, and the Viadimir, 84—towed reapectively by the steam frigates At the comple- Cronstadt, where "the Ine yublahes the Yolo wing lette: dated Hamburg. the 10 alt seus dant Cy Soetoro newspapers from F the re- teat healed eats {rons the Batic, the fv gover. por in command of the troops were ou to give the Emperor an ae- count of the administrative ‘military position of the from the presence of the festa, met in council, their stay ‘in the at the hotels of the War and Neral depart to deliberate on the most means the system of defence in the {1 Med tong ton act im the event of the combined squadrons returning next spri to resume the blockade and te additional land and sea ferces. their attacks wit! In those conferences late MAY Consiier neces- military com- same means of de- prevent war vessels it. en y Gret Ramage A ge best pilots of the isles of i abandoned their id boats to avoid serving on board the allied retired to Finland. The conduct of the pi uly appreciated at St. Petersburg, and, in orde them, the Emperor has bestowed ou tuem silver medals, which they are autuorired to ) MA marks of distingtion, suspended to a sibpal of arr “the ordér of Viadimir. At the elose of November the thermometer at Hel had alread; tou y fallen covered with log and the navigation ad Sompleuay conse! fe ‘te letter, dated 8th ultime, vite reseed fides Bi ete ean ae consequence of the receipt'of the affair of the 5th In of November, the Empress has hada serious amd even rel . ‘The courier found the in of the Empress, the feve impatience, and whea the declared ai ed could propio any bop jean eld int e it expressions dissat ger against his generals and his arm: tion which escaped him respecting gous ; ‘the shock caused by Inkermann, and she to Heraggle mm iecrease of debility and a low greatest alarm is felt for her, and her considered very doubtful indeed. The anniversary of the accession to the crown were very limited this year; they were confined to a mere fous service in the chi . Amid the fears which the sence of the allied fleets has occasioned us, and the langer they yet menace, you can scarcely have an idea of the darpezate efforts making here to com; the armaments of every kind for next spring. Grand Duke Constantine takes no repose. He isat one moment in the arsenals of St. Petersburg, again at Sweaborg, and then at Cronstadt, inspecting everywhere fleets, arse- nals, foundries, and all the troops connected with those departments. Emperor is often obliged to moderate this exces- sive ardor, in order to avoid alarming the population. We have several ships of the line in the admiralty docks, tne screws for which are al: advanced in execution, Of the guard (d’elite) we have here at this italic the the march for Poland, and the third is partitioned in the Baltic provinces. The letters we, receive from the Cri- mea relative to the disasters eauséd by the hurricane of the 14th state that the corps of Dannenberg, a part of which wasen route for Bakshiserat, has suffered i. ticularly. Their condition is ot the most frightful kind from want of provisions, aswellas the tempest. Many chiefs of divisions who had been wounded in the affair of the 5th have died of their hurts. I see that (rote at hepa say & good deal about the “ pacific disposit of ourcourt. This I believe to be completely « mistake, The contrary is the truth. sons placed in s very good position at the court declare in the strongest manner that neither the imperial family high functionaries of the empire manifest the faintest desire to accept unreservedly the conditions pro- qoet by the Western Powers. As to Austria, every one ere is furious against her, particularly since the com- munication which was made Prince Gortschakoff. “ Russia will never forget or forgive her ered,” cried a lady the other evening in the saloon of M. “For my Iam ready to give, at this moment, as a contri- bution, one hundred of my serfs to the regiment of chas- seurs.’? Three days after, the niece of the loty in ques- tion was appointed one of the ladies in wai: to the Empresa, but the Emperor, at the same time n ad- monition conveyed to her to be cautious how she spoke of politics in society, and particularly in saloons which the attachés of the Austrian embassy frequented. The Landing of Sir Charles Ni x at Porte- md mouth. iin A Portsmouth cocuaspoanens of the London Times, writing on the 18th ultimo, says:—‘‘Vice Admiral Sir Charles Napier, K.C. B., disembarked from the Duke of Wellington in the Fire Queen steam tender at Spithead, shortly before 9 o’clock this morning, and, with his flag at the fore, steamed up to this harbor. When off the saluting battery he left the Fire Queen in the Port Ad-. miral’s barge, and was steered to the town sallyport, alongside the Victoria pier. Notwithstanding the severe inclemency of the weather, (it had been blowing hard all night, and raining heavily all morning,) and the early hour of disembarking, a concourse of the in- habitants of Portsmouth assembled on the Victoria pier, (which was handsomely dressed in flags in token of welcome,) and on the walls of the garrison to t Sir Charles. These increased in number, a! ed, and they cheered him most vociferously past up the town on his way te the Port Admiral’s, where he breakfasted. Information of his arrival having been cent to Merchistoun Hall, Lady Napier and Cclonel Na- pier arrived early this forenoon at the George Hotel to meet the Admiral, who left Portsmonth for the Admiral- ty by the 4,25 train on the Southwestern Railway this pod paige bY gallant benny tag in e008 ealth and #] lerry is were rung from the parish church belis in honor of his safe return, ae Opinion in En) ot Mr. Pleree’s Message. [From the London Times, Dec. 3? 1, The annual message of the President of the United States presents a striking contrast to the interests and events which at this time so powerfully affect the go- yernments of Europe, and it materially differs in tone from the adresses previously delivered by Mr. President Pierce. We observe with satisfaction that he now ab- stains from any attempt to irritate and excite the feel- ings of the American people against foreign countries, or to raise pretensions inconsistent with the rights of other States; while a Age ee opt Portion of the message is devoted to an elaborate exculpation of the American [pbte pee (ind sate. ju ie serend, bel ome and abroad, by the ou attack of the Cyane on the undefended settlers and tender to i The principal interest of the United States in the pene t Present war arises from its effect on their own as neutrals, and the statements of Mr, Pierce subject are not without importance. The measures taken by the French and English governments at the commencement of hostilities were of a nature to disarm to extend the fullest protection to their trade, even in the produce of the belligerent countrie, baer sat Cabinet of facts . ar is Lo rho ity to urge upon the belligeren' manent recoguition — eement of th ples of maritime mee ich Daye been admitted by of exception in the present contest, and, in fact, to re the engagements of the armed neutrality of 1180. e Emperor of Russia expressed his readiness to comply with the proposition, a circumstance the less to be wondered at, as the result of the present war already shows that Russia is absolutely dependent on neutrals for the maintenance of her maritime trade, and a convention has accordingly been concluded between Russia and the United States on this point, The King of Naples has likewise expressed his readiness to adhere to the doc- trine of free ships and free goods, and the King of Prus- sia accompanied his assent with a suggestion for an ad- ditional article to the convention, renouncing altogether the practice of privateering. To this proposal the Ame- rican government demurs, and, although the example of all the belligerents in the present war has proscribed that most barbarous practice of maritime warfare, Mr. Pierce still appears to rd it as one of the most essential reeources to which the American govern- ment could have récourse in the event of hostilities with one of the great maritime Powers. At the same time he adds, that if the leading Powers of Europe concur in ‘ing, ¥s a rule of international law, to exempt private property upon the ocean from seizure by public armed cruisers as well as by pri- vateers, the Enited States declare that they will ly meet us on that broad ground. that result we have no doubt that the e of modern warfare is gradu- ally tending, for it is ina ible to maintain any perma- nent system between ancient and absolute rule of capture the sea, which subjected aro property to ‘No greater proof could amicable rela- col with the United States than the conclusion of the treaty which o the na’ of f EE F , ie5 bit z Hl : : 7 i t : # Fy E i l ify : i i ; i Hi i é ! f f : i 2, ae it f tain; La eed misrepresentation of facts to describe these Greytown as ‘a marauding establish. . rded, r~ } too guilty and yet incapable of being treated & piratical resort of outl f ea.” Such language ia at len { Cicai in the offela! commanication of the head of the Congress pf the pativa, flourishing property ta it to and that the port di ether argued, Tad are doubt be the ey time he p ning from list of aaa. it is alleged, would uate state of ower both Returns. rapid and so feiss. Europe and those : the gov at 4 Devt Credit, ‘we observe with pleasure that the President recommends | Notes issued.. .£27,360,845 Government de- the introduction of stricter provisions in the laws regu- PP +ee¢+ £11,096, 100 lating the merchant service, with a view to diminish securities 2,964,900 sumber of the frightful accidents at sea, which have Gold coin and con such large and frequent losses of property and bullion ...... 19,360,845 Upon the whole, this message, Total,.,.....£27,869,845 Total...,....£27,369,846 bs ed Bs mee Teast the mealask os. in- BANKING DEPARTMENT. dy or very statesmanlike im its views; more Government se- difficult questions of the policy of the United States un- curities ...,.£11,565,237 solved; but it furnishes fresh evidence of the pros; 089 Other securities 13,869,287 8,133, 6,085,675 Noten.......-.. 8,330,780 9,710,512 Gold and silver COI os. eee 659,034 it of the country, and nothing is more creditable the os acon ys of the United States than the fact that the iffairs of the commonwealth do not suffer materially «ven in the hands of those who have but amall claims to er see» 998,172 political foresight or ability. , ——— ——— Total.,......£34,424,338 Total........ 284,424,396 The English View of the German Emigration to America. “ Galapagos Islands. the London Times, Noy. 21.) jeterial arguments and admissions poit the Germans as the most hopeful element of the intend- ed foreign brigade. It is Germany whose independence ig the most threatened, for the western boundary of the Slavonic race is everywhere Teutonic; the two races are GUANO—PUROHASE BY THE UNITED STATES GOVERN: MENT—GEN. VILLAMIL—SENATOR BENJAMIN, ETO. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD, All must admit, Mr, Editor, that if public journals were to publish nothing except what they knew person. intermixed, and the Emperor of Russia, hay already | gityand in detail to be correct, the uld often be a umber of Teutonic subjects 1 to tak ene WORN) Pron Cartan, Ae take saree unPegnren to. SAR | obliged to send forth simsegre shee for the arsneement or be ba Lopes ag termeng oy and ina opie instruction of their readers. The press of this city, and ion Russi some tatablished with Auatvia, and before that with ‘Prusats, | ‘Beit various correspondents, principally from Washing. ton, have fully illustrated this fact, in their varied com- mentaries and speculations about the Galapagos Islands. A public journal must give rumor as well as fact. The very commentary based on rumor often elicits truth. Through these two Powers the Crar has a certain ab- normal influence over all Germany, so that every King, Prince, Duke or other potentate of Germany who wishes for the sweets of an inglorious peace, had better make things smooth with his colossal neighbor. If Turkey is to be devoured first, Germany comes One journal asserts and another denies the purchase ae i the protation Cs the lire ite Then | of these islands by the United States, for the round sum the hasbrtioh oF eocaerare) Wome: frome Tare, meoweees of three millions of dollars—a high price for escoria, de- central position, haps still more from the un- | composed lava, and extinct volcanoes. One asserts most ralieladplacttude cod. pet ’ pal tience of its » has | positively that the guano is worthless, because the fre- Aiwaya Neen jobbed and knocked about in the great | auent and heavy rains at the islands have evaporated all the ammonia from it; while another with equal conf- heen open to an engagement, and, under many dence declares that the article can never be used for ag- names, figured as our atxillaries and mer- in the late cena) war, as they had done in a former war. But the most remarkable and hopetat | cultural purposes, from the fact that no rain falling on point bearing on the question remains to be told. Next | the group, the guano is overcharged with ammonia. One to England, German. the most emigrating country in the world, ’Grimped and cabined. in ita tetany, “aot 80 much for lack of space as from the wi of a seaboard, and the many Meany ical cir- cumstances that have fettered and checked its prosperi. distinguished savan (I think his communication appear: ed in the Times) admits the value of the islands ‘alone on account of the sea turtle at certain seasous to be found on the shore; when the truth is, the world-re- ity, Germany avitnesses year, not without some | nowned terrapin found only in this locality, is a land, and pm Seng {he departure of therty Shousand of tte maitves, | oot « sen animal, One has studied voleancss, and miia- vain, not to say a misdirected effort, to retain them, by | tains that the islands produce nothing but lava, cinders compelling so many years of military service that they and ashes; while another of more hopeful temperament, is quite sure that lizards constitute the main crop. There is one point, however, on which all the disputants seem to accord in perfect harmony; it is this—that there can be no guano on the islands, after all, because there are- few birds to be found there at the present time; while~ are tied to the country till they are twenty-six or twenty-seven, when they can receive letters o! tion or denaturalization, and detach their from their well-beloved, but poverty stricken fat land, The effect of a long term of military service un- der these conditions is, that the young conscript is ever looking forward to the time when he will be emanci- pated, not only from arms, but also from his countr: the truth is every deposite of guano found in the Pacific and be ao citizen, not of Germany, but of t recisely what it was in the days of tho Incas; world. As the period of liberty “approaches the ncies which produced them have long since dis German feels evidently a vei ‘ strong temptation to avail himself of his privil appeared. ¢ Those wan- discussion of these matters, however, is harm- dering propensities of his race, to which we owethe chief | less, sometimes amusing, and may'be useful, The only element of our own mixed population, grow by sup, objectionable pert is, the motives imputed to General sion. He breaks loose like & boy from school, and | Villamil and Senator Benjamin. To correct these im- plunges at once into new scenes and sentiments.’ This spirit ia evidently on the increase, All over Germany, but chiefly in the cities of the Rhine, may be seen offices of emigration, where any young man may enter and be put in the way. He has only to put down his money, and he wil! be undertaken for from the spot he stands on to a full grown German community in the interior of putations is the sols object of this brief article, ‘A few of the facts: General Villamil does own Charles Island, with ten or twelve thousand head.of cattle on it. Ho’ did discover guano, and in due form made the denunciation and se- cured bis rights to the same, on the whole group, before he came to the United States in the capacity of Charges North America, with German newspapers, reviews, %e- | but did not know at that time the qualit; » nor to rials, German politics, theology, and fashions. what extent the guano abounded, On the 27th’ day of Now jit is plain, though of course we speak wholly | October, 1853, he did make a formal conveyance of four- withent authority, that some members of our govern: | fifths of this interest to the following named persons: ment have looked with a somewhat c vetous and specu- | J. Mason, John A. Corwin, William Hollister and S$. W. lative eye on this annual migration of simple, innocent, orderly industrious Germanism. There is somethin; in the very look of a mild, blue-eyed, flaxen-hai oung German, that suggests the idea of exploita- Xen.” It is our belief that if anybody with wuitable man. ner and air were to approach a body of twenty average Germane, and represent himself as a Minister of Police sent for ‘the purpose, they would surrender into his hands the contents of all their pockets and as much of their clothes as he chose to require. They are made to be fleeced, and fleeced they certainly are—not merely in being stripped of their worldly possessions, but in being governed wholly at the discretion of their rulers, But 30 much hs bo [Boat cromge sa and Pts ed power flowing annually thr is country, as channel to America, has excited the patriotic ew ty of our rulers, who view it much as a Falmouth fisherman does a shoal of mackerel, or an Orkneyman a ‘school’? Jobnston. At this time the extent and value of the uano were unknown. It is true these gentlemen did ut little—some of them nothing—but they ixsued no scrip, and, like honorable men, they all reconveyed, with the exception of Mr. Hollister, who still acts with the General. It 1s true that Captain De Brissot, of New Orleaus, in compliance with the wishes of General Villamil, did pro- ceed, in the summer and fal) of 1853, with a party, and at much labor and expense, did complete a thorough exploration of the islands, making charts and sketches of the same, and announced the result to the General in a letter, of which the following is a copy:— New OnLeANs, April 12, 1854, Minister from Ecuador, Wash- leasure to inform you of my retura Raving explored the pices you pointe Generar Jose ViLLaMit, ington— Sm—I have the to this city, after lively young botilenosed whales We want men, | ¢4 out to me, and some others on the Galaj Island: | a Te a well-behaved, obedient, easily: | and the result of the exploration is that you have on the organi: class. 4s for the Irish, troublesome | islands eleven deposits of guano, one of which is about at all times, they have gone—that is, the sur- | six mi long, over one mile wide and over one hundred Jus is gone—gone with a vengeance. But these | fest deep. I bave brought with mea samy le, taken twen- erm: you may see them in erowds at the ty-seven feet deep, which is quite as good as the Peru- London Docks, and other resorts of emigrant ships, | vian guano, Cerro Colorado, on your own island, eon- looking peateful and ingenuous. Their courage and en- | tains guano, but in small ¢ uantity. On your arrival terprise, however, are undoubted, and they are evi- | here 1 shall make you acquainted witn all the particu- dently Fo none for peace and for war. it hay sug- irs of this important discovery. gested itself that these—at least the portion that has I remifin, it, very respectfully, your ob’t sev't., gone through military service—may be tempted .to JULIUS DE BRISSOT. serve a year or two longer under the flag of this coun- try. at is more likely than that some thousands of young Germans, released from service at hi without means to emigrate, may seek the mei Nay, more, it ae be presumed that most of these Germans would rather go to our Astralian colonies, where labor is in very great demand ani the diggi hand, than to the United States, where the dewand mechani¢és and artisans has lately been very slack. So, if we understand aright some hints in the ministerial speeches of Tuesday, it has occurred that Germans from 26 to 30, who have beater through the service at home, and happen not to have the means of emigration, may serve us for a period of years, at the expiration of whieh they will receive a free passage to our Australian colonies—en object for which so many thousands of our own people are pining at home. On receipt of this intelligence General Villamil lost no time in returning to Guayaquil. From that place the writer received a letter from him, in which he says:— “I find the government well disposed towards me, and I have been arranging many matters. The Prosident of the republie has placed at my disposal a steainer, in which I shall proceed immediately to make @ thorough examination ip person of all the islands, &c.”” Owing to an accident to the rudder of the steamer, the General did not complete the object of his visit, aud his next letter to the writer was dated at sea, Au, 2, on his return to Guayaquil, in which, among of min her it end you by Ada “1 herew: you by Adams’ Express a sample of frano, of which there are miliones de’ tonoladon, "Have it carefully assayed, and if found good, you may atonce authorize all vessels going round the Horn to Bo- It is, indeed, by a strange destiny that England, so | livia, Peru, @: i w long the chief mart of commerce, ‘and a opened vir- | desire reteve Peery pene dore Rome ation ander ~ tually to the whole world, should become also the great | ing their cargoes, to the Galapagos and load with. centre and channel of emigration, and now it seems not | guano.” . unlikely the chief mart of war. War inevitably follows | “the interests which De Brissot and friends were to in the track of peace, for it goes with men and material, | have were not as yet, among other matters, defini- with prosperity, with ambition, with abundance, with | tively arranged, and in the next letter from the General, per. am ng sea be Seonaht into magna, ani say. dated Genre September 27, he says:—'"You may ma. . i There is fy asking questions. What is more, anybody Lh ger Sie TE with the view of Dba hen heme the government of Ecua- and anything that have come here may leave at discre- | dorand myself respecting the rights or elaims of De Bris- tion. we have become not only the safest and | sot, who made the exploration of the islands. This is most convenient place for storing commodities of which | already done to my satisfaction. Thefinterests of De Bris- the ultimate destination is certainly known, but | sot are secure without injuring mine, and consequent! also the best place for a German, or an; hel Lie ond yours. Mr. De B. has done well in his most thoroug! im. to take up his residence for a while, a1 As to the measure for employing and embodying these men, our objections to it have been stated without re- explorations; the guano abounds in illim'table quanti- I shall make it a point of honor to see justice done ty. tim serve. We still feel great misgiving as to its sue: ‘The General mentioned further, thet he and Mr. Ben- ‘but none will: more ice to jsabused than our- | jamin would leave the next day for Quito—the seat of selves, It has been virtually ado by Parliament; ernment—and his next letter is dated Caito, Oct. 17, the “va which it is principally supported is that 664, in which b “Everything is satisfacto- it will giv mediately a larger trai: force than | rily arranged, or ii days will be. Ishall soon re- we can ebtain as by ny other means, and we | turn to Guayaquil, and shall proceed at an early day to will not be so unpat write a word which can | the islands, in the capacity of Governor and Commander, otic impede its prompt and complete execution. Coast of Africa. with a detachment of troops, and a steam vessel at my disposal if required. The vessels, when sent out, should bring tools—wheelbarrows, &e. —tor loading; also I want DESTRUCTION OF THE TOWN OF CHRISTIANSAND BY | & number of small framed wooden houses, ready to put THE BRITISH SQUADRON. #8 aes vp Fpl itiat a eaeniess interest, you wo ans ‘The Prometheus, 5, paddle, Oommander J. H. Selw; or more t arrived at Sierra Leone Oct. 98 Giveat. | 0 ravian government to the agent of the (] 1134 days from ‘he left by ‘Commodore, she y the Pe Islands in London,” &e, tar. According to orders If there D immediately embarked seven officers and about 120 men has been any formal treaty for the of the 24 and 3d Weat India regimenta, to join the force | purchase of these isla by the U; States, previously sent to Accra in the Britomart. She also @ writer has no know! of nor can convoyed a colonial steamer with additional \. ive-any special reason why there should be. ‘When the mail steamer left Accra, on the 8th, she was | 80 far from the truth is the charge, no doubt inconsider- at that place, together with the Scourge, 6, paddle, Com- | ately made, against General Villamil and Senator Bon. modore Adams, and the Dolphin, brigantine, Lieutenant- | jam! ig hay fome grand scheme of speculation in Commander Webber. There had been some smart fight. | View, by the issue and sale of stock, that formation of & company has net even been entertained were if i eesn ew tee aie LF Se seine ‘The quality of the guano is found by the most careful The whole of the town of Christiansnnd had been de- | analysis to be the same as that from the Chinchas—the stroyed by the English steamers, which had lost « good Cred is Pr Bnew larger. It is possible that many men, been made with the Ecuadorean government so far as to secure the protection of citti- zens of the United States, so far as bw brn Fd eon- inquiry that this pro- Mr. Oliver's Affairs. ‘The London Zimes of 19th ultimo says:—An attempt | cerned in this commercial matter. int made at Washington, it was pet is tepeahahe a Bat ‘a gentleman named Evans, ry on the estate for about £7,000, to make Mr. | tection would be extended when required, and that, Oliver a bankrupt. The trustees under a deed of ass! before any rumor as to purchase reached this country. ment, executed on the 7th of October, and advertised in What business shape this matter may assume or un- the as sated the statute, are opposed to | dergo, or the part, pty writer may take in it, sre the cauire being Nquiee in bankruptey ; but, accord- Piped aad to which he feels but little concern. to the Bankruptcy’ Consolidation ‘the deed is ether the has too much or too little ammon! it a by fry yA of the tors setae £ er ye of an toes las prin ae the mi Vetere Bee Mead ingred| at imparts value are fair matters in bankru poet within three months | investi we hy Rg Dera hd juestion has not of the date of the deed of The tl 5 writer bas before him a letter from months in an eminent merchant residing in the western of of January dated Collington, Dec. 1864, in which he may bé fou ‘there will be great rej among the agricul- time before turists when it becomes known that a discovery of poses to Bee bees Rash oa te Celapaced tihends, of cab o extent. If found equal to the Peru it will be found; and greatest boon for England that can bly be bestowed of witnesses br make compensation for horrid war with fussia.’” The sale of from the Chincha Islands in that view, England and the United Stat y is over, rather discovery rary: it, it in viet Ceespencire aby an ex, an » | How far it is tikely to become » matter of national im- ment. ‘ance in the United States, the writer has taken but of bankru tle pains to inquire In the use of the article our far- against Mr. rs Ww their own interests. The supply, if it law upon aa, the rey it, eputted to the ‘penjemin, ‘toon take Wr weesentioan. the Senate, and can imaelf wheth- pay eruphe ‘has been proposed or done. A mere ee coal meer Hie ieloved, bonored and respected inthe repeblic of the ie gpd oo gm Ecuador, fe which be Res lived so tong acd. served se. instructed by Mr. , gallantly and faithfutly in peace avd in war. If there is ing creditor. The privat ition was resumed | one motive in his heart « than another, it is the noble ambition to mature and complete an enterprise pr Monday ), but with coess. Mr. Feeney See ectenves Ook alee is Fala that chal! confer lasting bene@ts on the country that Commissioner Stevensos will give His jad it on the int of law referred toyin above to-day. If it in f gave him birth Bie to the appiteation of the creditor Wie presumed that | 1 do not, Mr. Raitor, deom it necessary to sbirade my 8 petition will be avlowod to Le fled immediately, The | nome »pon the public, while, a agorreapendont, I place Seyriews are oppors. jp the allaiza pf Me, Gliver going | iy ws yous dinpor! CINEISNATY A.