The New York Herald Newspaper, August 24, 1854, Page 3

106,000,0 tic consum) whites)...... arlene e 500,090 500,000 + 100,603,899 18,007 101 25 000,000 43,007,101 ccpens Crop wae that of 1849, ia whi h Ohio much over balf a crop, au: there was some Cy m other Staten; but after ailowing for nd yg Oring 80 much increa-ed breadth of } wo, it is moet evident that we cannot have 4-5, larger pro,ertion of what than in |. Ip all robatili-y, we have less, It is not wheat crop, therefore, that ony relief can be ato crop tuils also. other side of the accoust, however, we Jarge ceep of oats, end alacge crop of nay. ie ouly Can apy substitute be found for corp. Bi hen we consider that oats and u-uslly all consumed by domestic animals, au the corn ¢ op alo, it is very evident surplus of these articles will not go a great supply deficiencies in others, by vo means wih to excite epeculation by jating the pore of gra: in the country, certainly cad be of no bovefit, especially to , to leave errone us statements of ful crops for the deficiency in comm. A ve'y large part | neuntradicted. The truth. if we can ar ive houkc always be kuown. We observe state- iin the New York papers to this effest: That heat crooof the West Is only duticient in arts of Ooio, but Lkoois and Missouri will yes more surplus wheat than all the other | yn States, taat tre suvply of Russian wheat } be great in a state of war, espesiuliy when lar ie about to be curried ou'in the whoat vonn- ? that finally, wieut at Live pou, after fall- | wily, is now fitty per cent highor than it wag | b morths ago. These facts are anything bat pis sons idea that grata is to be abundant in. vent pear. ‘ pie review we alva only to give the simple, un- pratra statement of the case as itis. [ateili- erchants, we trust, examine for themselves, | b20t be misled—if we were willing to mis- em—by one-sided statements. They kaow, ido, that without 3 ege ial act of Providence anuot in this day of civilization be a famine, | Secon ™ aby One couatry. Steam has orld slmostone grest coustry, ia whtch at once iromever: part, and can mmedi- jupply tbe defi 1ency of one by the sarpiua of w. Ip 1854, this -cuotry bas, we trua’, grain to live upon, but certainly has not une of arge er ps with whoee ¢xoras we bave been osapply many parts of the wold. The cong. and the Uropa. [From the Buffalo Courier, Aug 22.) he time the wheat crop of the present year te evidences were tata most abancant to the farmer, of other leadiag crops, would ured, no less than of wheat. This prospect, now: ver, i8 greatly cuauged. Tuough at the Muded to all promised well for such a resu't, Be promacts ea pina ty con- 18 greatly changed tre prospect now. hia, like the usoul evils of tre fly ia wheat, ly local, and narrowly confised, of oonrse ‘ive cause for no uoeasiness; bat it is not | n the contrary, it extends from Ma‘ne on the p the Missiesipyi river on the West ond it is | a8 justly to portend real disaster. | ) potatoes, and grass, aie all involved im the | jetion it brings; and this is the condition of ie aes of miles i: prime’ Teaean —s | 8 are now, even in Augast, oblize: { : ‘helt cattle ae in winter, 80 parohed is all | tion; and the procur-ment of water, for man or beast, is often a work of groat dif- | . This state of things has destroyed the corn ver wiee yangea of our most prozu'tive co-n 8, where that plant, after partly filling its . Potetoos are little they were doing fively, un- by ths dronght. Toe: “é attain thelr od Must amount to very @t'e. this, in » food point of v ‘no less than in Ince to the impoverishment of the farmers, is stion of serious import. The wheat crop, itis ji@ a good and fall ove; but it cannot do its fice abd at the same time supply the places e of orn and potatoes also. n this hesd, the annals of the past fastruct us. 1829 to 1809, we had, fa this country, ten sive cold seasons We eay col, for the diil- tren, was not drought, as it now is. Ia no those memorable ten years was there au ave- «rop of corn obtsinei th-oughont the corn ing régions of the United States. Wheat was o sefionsly affected. On the contrary, taat yielded fairly, and often heayily, t! 2 ten years. As we sent bnt little to Bacope it was for a while believe | that we eh uld not eerlously from the deficit of corn; but that op soon vanished. We did safier seriously; ‘eo truth, com wae, all things considered, the pertant crop of the two. piofusion wheat could not, and did not, . The cosrser groins,and corn particularly, wanting, wheat was, of necessity, substitated, ‘cases where it could be. This drew off that from its more legitimate uses even from the and each successive year saw this draia in- and its evii multiply. At the commenve- of the period in question of course there was deal of old grain, of al) kiods in the country. 1) e failures of new creps began, of course this was resorted to; and it wae gradaaliy con- , uxder the pressure arising from these . The result was, as but too mauy can well moer, that ere the ten yeara had run their , the old stores of grain wee all consamed, we current crops of wheat had been so upon, for al) purposes, as to tally cxhaust and Gnally, all home resources being expend- e actually bad to resort to the importation of 4 i et ¢, to feed im part this grea: agri- al republic anomalous fact vas, at the time attributed by yoliticians to a neglect of tillege, than which ig cou.d have bern mote erroneous, however tillage. The wheitand the cora wore both to the ground, in treir full proportion to for. ears, adding the fair per cent for increase of ation. But the corn failed throug the cold to ¢, atid the whest could not alone supply the ind for both kinds of grain. year 1540 was ihe first one of returning pros « The seasons then resumed their woated | | ing influences to all tue tiliers of the soil a | marg! | as the city. | the drought on th in a eed e's Fs i de # i 458 sections of the tepowicen, Ang. fede coy tenner aT i resulted of vegetation as if firersd swept over them. The potas? crop is bert d injured by rust, and it is tnooght the yield no more than supply thehome demand. At St. Albans and other p'a:es from which we have Kehie poo aceapeene are selling from 90 cents to $1 15‘per 1; and tae starca msou- factories with be uuab:e to secure any supply for Saran. Cern wili wra out only about half acrop. The g ass and grain reps in the nortrern sections of the State have suffered much, aud the latter ip mavy cases have been m wed for fodder. Tien Ser Ham ay rey tat palaien counts almost ¢q ‘uraging. Ineome , it is said that corn and poiavoes will prove almost a total Joss. The streama are so low ix the latter State, that river steamb nts have been c mpe'led wo ed tveir trips ; wile iz all three of the Sta'es ot Vermont, New Hampebire aod Maine, mills of various descr’ptior 8 are wtally uvaole to operate. The crought extencs with greater or less severity far to the west and south. In Kansas there hus been no rain for fifty days; and in Central Llinoia, in large dvetricts of Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and oteer States, the corn and potato crops are in 8 condition liwle if any beter than thore cf Vermont. [n the former— Tibncie— these two crops are aq almost total faiiure, aud serievs apprehensions are ente:ta ned that of the Jatter there will not be a sufficient su ply for winter food. Such are the features of in! which comes to band by every mail, ay warrant ing the ase rtion teat the present is tee driest sum- mer which bas occured since 1826, The present drought is ueqnestionably more ex: tensive avd <estructive than apy which hua h2reto- fore taken place in this country; and although the wheat crop is betier and moe abunaant than was at first exi ected, yet the deticien y which mast arise in other leacing crops, ro largely depended upon for tood, wil inevitably cut offall hope of red ea f y T ec myplain’s of a h we fret confined to a few wolated bave eontiuned to multiply and extend ey Dow cover some twanty States, ant the ct xtainty Aas upon ali-ge portion oftais territory those crops will prove to be only it half toe usoal prvdact, while in numerous , localities scarcely a bushel #ill he ga:cered from a | whole field, and farmers are already compelled tofeed their cattle from winter avores, drive them to the woods to browse, or send them to the shembles to save them from actual sta-vation-— with such facta as these, it is easy to foresee that there can be n> prospect of cheap food for the comivg winvr. With a probable lors to the coun. try pape not Jess then one bundred and twert) five milli.ns of dollars, by this wholesale dea traction of some of its mostimportant crops, and those he crope uy) on which it relies for the sustepace of , tis evident trust ail classes of society must abare in the disastrous resulta, bat none so much 98 the poor and those of moderate mes And although the immense resources of the country wholly precluce ihe possibility of a famine, yet the indications of scarcity and ‘high prices which promise ere long t> b2 re: » Bive rise to many oe age that may be advavtageously improved by large cleaees of people in every community. Prudence and econolny will be found important aad even indispensible requimtes for the emergen:y, which, for aught that pow sppeare, will be fully equal to its threatened severity, (From the Hartford Courant, Aug 28. There has net been so extensive an enta- ble a drought prevailing for many years. It is said that it bas not had its equal since 1625, and we suspect that the drougut of that year did not over such an extent of territory. In other afflic- tive d spensationa of this desoriptidn, the ruin has Dot been so complete or 99 extensive. When there has been a want of rein ia one section of the coun- try, there veually tas been an abucdance in ano ther. The Allegharies have often been the line ot demarcation, aod different descriptions of weather have prevailed on each side, Bat now the whole conntry shares in the same misfortune. From Maine to Alabama on the South and to Iowa oo the West,thore is the same com- | plaint. The whole country is suffering for the want of rein. We say sufferiog—for alt: on no actual want bas taken place, aud most probably no real fa- mize will be fei, yet the thoueand little inconve- niences, the deprivations, and the absolute small losses which every poor family as well as the far- mers, must en oucter fu’ the want of water, foot ‘up toa series cf annoy ances that amount to suffer- | ing. They “make up in umber what they wantin weight.” The effects of this draught on the crops must be disastrous, and produce much individael suff-riag. Te late potato crop, which is much depended noon in Northern New bed ee and some of the other States, must be mach injared, and must being with it aserivus inconvenience to many poor families. The wheat was generally got in in guod order, and will prove a respectable crop, 50 that no femine can exist, and there will, undoudedly, be surplus erough to Pay some part of our foreign indedted- ness. But the corn crop of the West, it is said, will prove a faiine, and the hopes and dependencies of many a Western farmer be dis; ted. The cottcn crop of tie South will be much injured, and the resources of that section thas diminished. The late feed io the cattle raising States will be so destroyed or diminished that butter will be scarce, unless the rainy of September aud October should revive the grass. The want of fail feed, and the En for the winter, will have @ tendency, ever, to compel the ca‘tle raisers to drive their beeves and eheep to market, & that the price of meate will undoubtedly 1ule much lower than they have done; but the beef thas forced upon tue mar- ket will probably be of an inferior ity. In the valley of the Consecticat is lees saf- fering from the drought than in very many places. Ovr mesdows bave been kept moist by the morning pad the past few weeks, and our corn does not suffer eo much as in many other towns, As the conntry isclea ed up, and there are fewer trees to interchange moisture with the atmusphere, and more eurface of tie soil for the hot summer's sun to parch and dry up, these d oughts will be tue More Fevere and eXxtevsive. Measures have been already taken to perl. oar Jarge cities with warer for the comfort of all, and this custom will scon be followed even by small villages, rather than experi- ence the deprivationa of a drowgnt, year after yea". Farmers, too, will commence systems not only of private, but of public tirigation. Private eaterprise and inonetry must coromence it new. Eash farmer should make it an object of deep study aad delile ration how he con best irrigate h's lands. Some expense and much labor will be here needed, bat the object is as important a one as that of the ma- nurer. But the sndject ix more apt to be neclected becaure its necessity, to the extent that now pre vails, is not apparent every seseon. There we steams on gimost every farm that might be dammed up { f irrigation, and in atime jike the present the water conveyed t» the parched crops and she withering grass. Such dycuchts will teach farmers the value of irriga:ion and the necessity of being provared for it. In some rections of our couctry, such will be the future vaiue of our crops, the necessity of their urifor ity, and the posibirity of s yearly drought, that large public companies must be formed of iacn of cspital among our ag iculturists for the irrigation of whole towns nyon a largescale. They will prove as importent as the supplying of light and water to acity. Such institutions will protect whole regions from consequences of drought, by constracting huge reservoirs +n the berks of rivers, to be filled with their las waters, and toc their refres- s may be bai 80 built on tie of Inkes, aa to be sble to use the water thus Lon, pet ondl hye . Inan al t country like ours, with the en wo }wicime these things will soon be atte: to, and country will be thus supplied with water as wall of whem prc Or work: [From the Louisville Journal, Aug. 19 We never have daring our :eaidence inthe West exp: #0 general and 0 long continued a Lg of dry weather. We very recently travelled m St. Louis north to Chicago, and thence south to this place, and parti-ularly noticed the effect of of Indian corn. Ia Tilinois an: latitude of Bt. Louis (385 degrees north), the corn is s9 much injured | thas one-third of the mmal product per acre is per: | hops an over estimate of this year’s yiell. As you approach shore appears to lave been murg ‘appearing, as they do, in es of Norto- pha. homme Thort : be. ob- | Unico the nan ba ares errs WH | Ml er a esa emraces the ct | others Sesame CReUght 80. corp producit g States of the West, to wit—Tennes- Ang. 22} | bee, Kentacky, Arkanses, Missoual, Illinois, Indi- | for a ans, and Ohio. me South and North there = requent rains, and the crop of corn in the from more corn safferin, well those regions wi probably be | officials of t'e Union Company, he admitted—in an the vod perio aR nll magie fh dan, gut eran ming ” unguarded moment 1 sapprae— that the Fulton erry e are sua For some or nine weeks iealy io Connie and Rode Island, bat fruitd, Miseouri has Ritecca in ‘@ most unprecedented man- | matter Cater that toe company will not deny or especial'y apples, promise # fair average yield in of every kicd | controvert it, those States, a alt s here, rally of di- , and from ail the a:counts whieh we ‘Then the is—Can the people who have miputive growth. In some parts of Central aad ive, from every portion of the State, we | cupported the Faltop ferry be taxed to sastain a Earterm Maseachusetts, the ect for corn and poorer it bas | ferry within @ raiinewe aistance of mi and alvo tatoes is gleomy, while in the northern towas of Corn isso scarce in many parts | ¢,x6q to snatain B: street and Catherine street Woscester county, the pastures afford but a scanty t there Erorneee that our | porie? It appears to me that if a ferry cannot supply of feed, and in come instances cattle are now | €V¢D ave luck, @ to fatten hogs, if they | support itself the p ice ought not to go up; if it being fed in the yard. the past three ®eks& to furnish bread. Within | 515, then, why, di-continue it. In Vermont, 00 long a period of excessive dry | Tem $) 50 to $3 50 aua has movease in srice | “Wo hear of indignation mectings, to let the weather as that which how exista is not rememb-r- | figures. We bear of a gresand rising upoa thers | Hien Company know in what eatem it is held. ed by the oldest inbabitants, Scarcely enoug rain | *2ding to Bt. Louis already, amy persons who are | Win thet avail? Cannot the body be reached who has fallen since the early part of uy, to lay the | °f corm fer the next year. We beming inasupply | orunted them @ oba'ter? Cannot something be dust in the roads, and accuunts from some of the | D€st farmers offer, afew days ago, everalof OU | Sone to prevent the poor sii who “makes a sh-oud counties represent tre pastures aa nearly destitute | “elds for one barrel per acre. Tre five ¢ ars fi well as a shirt,” the imposition of a con- | of herbage, and the fields in many places as barren | Which accompanied the drought has so hoat | cen tbat would get her hard earned cent, to oqua: corp, and every other kind vegetation, recent rains w: have very Uttlo fect ennen’ fhe Brooklyn Ferry Monopoly. Avausr 20, 1853, TO THE BDITOR OF THE HERALD. The Brocklyn Ferry Company have raised the fare cn foot passengers to two cents, After getting everything connected with these ferries snugly in, to their own banda, having secured general conti. dence by aplan of fair dealing unlooked for ina moropoly, the innocent public really believed tha: the biamble-tree was aboutto produce grapes. Ar Tangements consistent with this new fast in natura bistory, were forthwith confidingly entered into. Brooklyn lots were bought, Brooklyn dwellings erected, and, not the least among the cousequencer, muititudes of poor laboring wen and women, tha choice aliment of monopolies, were indaced to do: wiciliate in Brocklyn, relying, of courec, in their little plans and estimates for the future, upon the perpetuity of the one cent ferriage. The credulous and docile public, in short, performed their part ia the :peculation to an extént harély culenlated upon. The fold was soon full; and the shearing process bas begun. The as‘ounding fiat bas gone forth that ‘the ferriege to foot-passengers in future will ‘be two cen's !” The burst of general indignation with which this apnoeuncement was received, somawhat disconcert- ed the plotters of the treachery, and, iu te uneasi bess ofthe moment, an anonymous commni-ativa escaped to the pipers, purvorting to emanate from “one of the managers,” defending the increased fer- riage a8 a wise and “necessary” measuce. A doca- ment from such authority mast of coarse be sutis- factory aud conclusive withthe simple minded pub- lic; especially us the truths it set forth ure so very apparent. Said cocument opened tts burdea by de- claring that “the »ecen: actionof the Union Ferry Company, in advancing the ferriage for foot passeu- gers to two cents, bas ;-roved, as it was sup, it would prove, very distasteful” (mark the word) “‘to the public.” Now there are beth truth and poetry in this mag- napimous sevience. Tastes differ; aod there are those in all communities who will not, or cannot, fancy what often is very pleasing to tueir superiors. A case ia point occurred ut the Souta fer: Vis ope this unexpected tux was first exhibited to a grees perplexity. lender funds the pee '—A peor women was in had carefully reserved of her “{lispared ;enn)” for the ferriage. and was in a hurry bome; for time and opportunity are as valua- ble to thepoorasto the rih. It was aps: . wken, burryirg ¢o lay down the toll, “in season for tte boat,” to bear the rude an¢ novel demand, “two cents ma’am!” But protestations and entreaties were ef no avail; the alternative was as untooked- for as it was unpleasant. Alose in the city, with- out money cr friends, aud trouble at home—her dee, air was real, and she wept. Excessive indul- gence, probably, had renderea this poor creature's Varte extgemely iastidious; for it was the opinion of the gentleman who ;erceived aud relieved bor éilemma, that her misery fur the moment was caused eolely by the improvement in the ferriage, which, unfortunately for the sympathies of tenesr- beaited ferrymen, had “proved—aw—distasiefu.” to oes : So unaccountable are the fancies of a ‘nixed public.’ : Tle soft and gentlemanly assertion of “one of the masagers” is therefore abundantly verified. Baving declared bow slight the in-onvesience (cffenced taste merely) the acditional ferriage creates, be next unfolds the reason aod necessity for the inereased charge. ‘It cost” says “Ove of the Managers,” “262,688 58 more than was received to tun the ferries tor the year ending the first day of May last, and, owing to the advance in the price of coal and ot er articles, it will cost, over and above the receipts, at the present rates, $50,000 more thap Jast ,ear to run the ferries for the current ear.” Of course, after this statement, not onc yrther word of objection can be uttered, as it would be nnreagcnable to question statistics 99 eaefully defined and clearly proven as these, rint, over the words, “One of the Managers.” The cost is here stated, even tothe fiactions of a dollar. It might have been ad pproximated, and noboty been the wiser; but when very units, tens, haadreds and thousends of deficieny are given, doubt cannct possibly remain in apy one’s mini. Yet t ere msy be some so unressonable as to demand the items iv detail, and over tne proper signatares of the managers, before they will take fo geaated that the $62,628 58 deficiency waa absorbed purely by the necessary repairs, fuel and labor for “ranning the ferries,” and not by new boats, fat salacios, or apy tuch like expe: ditares. The “ necessity” for the increased ferriage being made 891 learly apparent, our mans ger proceeds to bis greatest triumph, in showme the justice (!) of the arrangement, “ Wii,” he asks, “ ought to bear this loss of mere than $100,000 peraonum? Toe stockholders cr the pablic?” Lest some ‘“distaste- ful” reply should be given to these queries, our mnapager rashes to the resene, and —imself supplies their tree soluion, to the fuilowing effect :—Not the stockholders, for they receive bat eight per cent per gover fortieir mover, Not rich passengors in eke canieges, nor wel! paid wagonersorcsrmen; jor t2 e°¢ is no increase of ferr age on vehi les of any description. Not the foot passenger who la able to commute by investiog five or ten doliars in tecry tickets; for euch, by complyisg witk that regulation will be charged but a» usual. Even he or she wao can sfford to expend but twenty five cents at any one time sn ferry tickegs, will be treated with pro portionate consijevatla, and will be charged only a Lalf cnt more than richer travell-ra. “ Who, then, ought to bear this loss of more than $100,000 E apnum?” The answer is unavoidable, accord- ing to this “ mansger’s” showiog, to wit: whe poor fect passerger who could ill afford even the ove cent heretofo e daly »bstracted from his or her hard earned pittance. The pndlic will at once seo the justice (!) of this arrangement. What jastire and consideration are ex: ibired ia thus placing this tox where it will be so litte felt, in the community, as was the boast of arother “ Oneof the Mana ers!’ It is hoped, therefore, there will be no far- er nolse about this trifle of one cent, secing that the tox hurts nobedy but the extremely poor, who, being used to sta: viog, can a8 easily sts: vo out the coveted $100,600 for years to come, a9—cels take a ekivning. Wann Sraner. TO THE EDITOR OF THE NEW YORE ARAL. New Yous, Ang. 32, 1554. Your article on the Union Ferry Comoany is ‘more than just to that highly respectable monopoly. You omitted *% thing which they have generaily tendered their Brookiva customers—they bave is- sued a prospectus, (band bill,) agroving to allow yearly subecribers—commatere—the vilege of tickets, at $10 per annut for adalts—the price of twenty years bsck—with the condition that the ticket holder shows his ticket always on crossing, aud that it sbail only be good at one ferry. [a otaor words, your $10 compels you to cross ys at the same ferry; it wil) not be re at other. Tre principal manager st to the writer that “ there clogs were placed to prevent ies from commuting, avd if 1! reople would them slone they wouid fix it ali right.” Nodoubtof it. Please take the bint. Respectfully yours, K.G@. Avausr 19, 1854, TO THE EDITOR OF THE NEW YORK HERALD. Thanks for your expressed opinion in relation to our men 4 Union Ferry Company. It seems to me that inthis particular the ALD is alone, Lo = Ferry Cpmpany bridled the mouths of oar ea The mepagers say that the: tain themeeives oven, “under t are unable to sus- most rigid econo my;” but they do not hint their entiro lack of eco- pe Ae «| jadgment in purchasing #2: ferries as tl erine and Bridge street, which were never attempted to be supported at a less rate than two cents for # foot paseeanger, and oven at that rate bad to content themselves with miserable old bests, poor accommodations at ferrs, &>., showin clearly that the travel on those ferries was not suf: ficient, even with “ rigid economy” and two cents fare, 10 support themselves tn a tolerable manacr. Why then tax the people who built and enstatned he Foltop, South aad Hamisten feries with saco wty few pereons “tule, apart fow must have a ferry, why nut leave wba: | would willingly with, ly affected by tbe Wall street ferry—are found ready have been | marcenvie that succee ied admirably. ductive ‘es those of Catherine aad street 7 A : what preadog neces ‘was there fora Wall street terry? Was it for business in Wall at vet, ome he adjacent to the Heighta? fo, they fouad it an focumbrance they and the magvanimous | pany—conda xed by the Pierreoonts and | interested ia the proverty that is immediate- ‘This gettiog a Wall street ferry was a Wall street This mornisg, io cooversstion with one of the Ve yer with the moneyed mav who makes aa effort to have a pndlic conveyance from his front door on Brovklyx Heights to bis offi:e door in Wall street, and who, too, would expect the public to stand the heceseary expenditure? Lisrayyy C. Arrivals at Saratoga. N ¥ROM NEW YoRK. prae Antwerp, EM ireman, Cu kk, AG, Downing and family, G Toy @. "FON, © Shemas. J. W. Vathews and lady, W. H. Ball TC te, P Peete? W. 8. Constant, Misa M. A. Clement, G. W. Beebo, wife, 4 cls "e goathworth, lady and dre, and 2 rervanta, J. Keed and lady, Mr. Valter, G, Alexander and lady, = Mr. Clini L, Dusenburv ane lady, JW Winaw. 4) ya: °F Beovill, wife, & serv’, BR. K. Haight, % E. Kemp jatsworth, Messts Ceck and son, J. Pieres, lady and revvare, & P. Patterson, W. A. Tooker and lay, W M Gray, 6, M. stevens, ¥. Pouton, HL. A. Burr, lady & dangh’r, W. E Duncom D Gould, wife and child, Miss Vroom, Mica Beameall, ar, ©. K Clare, F. Si and lady, W. Warner & 3 chil’n, Mr. Joseph, Mra Harper and servant, Mize Mh M. E Mead, IBS Yates, C. A. May. FROM BROOKLYN. J. A. Crore, . Baval Inte:lgenee. The frigato Constitution, Commodore Mayo, was at Mon- rov'a, 7th ult. The frigate Columbia Commodore Nevton, was at St. Domingo, 2)st ult. ES BINANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL. MONEY MARKET. Weonespay, August 23-0 P.M. There was a small advance in most of the leading fan- cles at tho first board to-day, with very extensive opera- tions. Erie and Reading Railroad wero in active demand, several thousa®@ sbarea changing bauds. We sec the sellers of Erie on fine have not been intimidated by the heavy decline, but continue to put out contracts freely at every stage of the market. Reading was parchased largely to-day on time, bayer’s option, At the frst bourd, Erie went up 244 per onnt; Reading Railroad, 19(; Harlem, 1; Cumberland, 3. IMinots Central honda feil off per cent; Naw York Central Bonds, }4; Can‘on Co., Kj; Cleveland and Telodo, 2; New York Contral Railroad, 34; Micalgan Central Railroad, 34. The upward movement iu Erie is merely spasmodc, and must goon react. All ‘the investigations and reports the mauages: ent choose to make, will be of no avail, The stock haa been compleis ly used up, The pile of indebedacns over it is so yreat that it can never be made productive, Df¥idends ore entirely ont of the qnestion fer all future time, end the fpock as o favey will be somewhat s- milsr to the Morris Canal How the tacoma bonds are to be dispored of ix a matter of some lwpor tance, al hough so far a8 the stockholera are ooncerawi, it will make very little difference. That the income donds will he provided for ia rome way by the issae of a Lew elass of bonds, no ene ean for a moment dondt, but at what cost, or at what aidition tothe present indodt evnoss, is an affair of some interest to other bondh lors. We have no doabt that at least half a million of dollars will be added to the debt by the doanciering necessary to make the change. This will bo an additiopal burden upon tho stockholders; bat os the load was so eno’mons delore, i: does not matter much now how fast it accu- wulotes. The debt haa for some time past absocbed all the net earnings, and from this tine out the alock will be worth nothiog os an icvestwent. For speculative purposes it will be worth something; but hereafter its market value will depend entirely upon tha movemaats of the bulls and bears. The New York Central Railroad las been quoted steady lately, and operations tfmited. It fell off a fraction to-day, with enly moderate’saloa. Ubimately this stock is destied to follow the same conree with Erie. At present its debt is small compared wih the smount of stock ta existence; but the time is not fer distant when the debt will exceed the stock, and then the whole net earnings wiil be absorbed in the pay- ment of interest, as th ey are now in the Exie Jumpany. The Metropolitan Bank to day ealled on the azent of the Lewis County Rank for security, to insure the re- demption of Lowis County Bank notes. Outsiders should look npon this movement as tantamount to the fotlure of that bank. If ‘heir notes are not good to the Metropolitan Bank without socurity, they are not good to the public. We learn, however, that Messrs. Stanton and Wilcox, the scents, pledge themaclres to redoom all the notes presen! The Bonk of Carthage has been pro. tested at ita agency at Albany. This, in rinmos like thess, ia indicative of weakness at least. The brokers ip Wallstreet tovch cantiovrly the notes of the Bank of Milford, Del. This is a sort of a one boree conce:n, and Ives cn cont dence. Western money has been taken hy the brokers freely at 2% per cont discount, except Indiana, which has been ecld, generally speaking, at & per eoat. At the second board, there wasa better feeting In tho merket, and on advnace in prices was ronlised. Erie Rallrond went vp 144 per cent; Realing Railroad, 4; Har- len, 1; Comberlond Coal, 3g. New. York Central Rail rad, declined 3¢ percent; Canton Company, ‘x. Tho pave in Erie hes partially anbeided. We know not how roon it may be renewed guia. ‘The stermship Arabia, from this pert for Liverpool to. cay, cargiod out $1,163,003 in specie, prinoipally in gol. bars, We have been requested frequently wot to give publi city to rerors which have got afloat relative to the sue penvion of certain houses, ae it would bring about the very diffleulty #0 advisable to avokd. There are fev cantile honses in this city, no matter how bigh thoir ero #it, that could bear up long under roperta widely eirou lated that they bave failed, and it is therefore wrong to give earrency to sach rumors. We have made {ta vale never to mention names whore ‘sspensions have oscar red, except in extraordinary Instances, and parties con cerned need have no foars that vagne reports will find » place incur columns. It does very ttle good, and geno rally does a great deal of harm, to publish suo rumors; and {f the press, in all large cities particularly, would be more cautious, we should not hear of 0 maay actual Sqilnres. Crocit isa very sensitive thing to deal with, and the pallic cannot be too enreful in giving ourrency to unfounded reports, A. Hi Nicolay’s regular somf-weekly auction sale of stocks and bonds will take placo, a2 usual, to morrow (Thnraday) at 1244 o'clock, at thy Merehaats’ Fxohwoge The operations of the Treasury Department on tLe 2st inst, wereas follown:— For tho payment of Treatury deSts.......... 969 00 Cayored into the Treasury from lands, 870 415 19 For the War Decartwont 7,018 o0 For the Navy 68,314 49 For repoylog for 25,362 09 For the Interior D sii 3,000 00 In the United Afetes District Court, at Portlond, Maioe, on Monday, two important decisions were entered in re- lation to the York and Cumberland Railroad. Tho first wes an award of the refereos upon a euit for a cou pon on a bond, which was defended by the oom pany os being illegs!, being one of those com monly Ynown as the Herrick bonds, The award | in this case was in favor of the plaintiff, thas virtaally affirming the validity of these bonds. Tho second was | the nword of Nathan Hale, Esq, sole referee, in the matier of the action brought ngainst the company by Myers. a contractor. This evard is, “thet the said company, ia dull patisfuc- wr ho wald me F recover egalnst | the sum of $189, the costs of this arbitration, taxed at $4,148 87.” In rcommodation of the comparatively | to afford the defendant time to examine the reports few peeaa ot pry ruled that judgment should not be enterd Hon for the causes of action set forth in his declaration, 64, with the costa of the court and until the first Monday in September next, and it was un: erstood that if any exceptions were offered, it would be further delayed until the 23d of the same month. If the: wards are contirmed, the indebtedness of the company will be as follows:— last report of the directors, made to By i PMtockholders on the 80th of July, the bended debt of the company, not inelu the Herrick bonds, was. se esee es s+ + 8886,800 00 The Herrick bonda, which the decision of the referee has impliedly mado valid, amounts | to Cat aestated , e floating debt of the company, put Mlown by the directors, up to the B0th of oe inieeiet 1801535 cH Th D ent of yer ty ” The taxed costs in the case 4,148 87 Making a total indebtedness of, - $627,871 23 Under the worst features of the case, the Pertland “Advertiser deems that the property of the company af- fords ample seourity to moet this indebteiness, The St. Louis Republican of the 19th instant, gives the annexed synopsis of the Land Graduation law passed at the last session of 0 ngress:— ne # t nave its effect in settling up large quan- sities otland which bare been heretofore neglected, in the southern part of thie State ana litinois. The plan of graduation is very simple—being bared upon the length of time In which the land has bees in market—as ful- lows: In the Market. For ten years and upward Fifteen years and upwards and upwards Price per Acre. One dollar, Seventy-five cents. Fifty conte. € dd upwards Twenty five cents. ny yen poche . ‘welve &a half ste. ‘Where the laud has beep in market for twenty-five ears, Lwenty: bye ceata per acre tx all tuat is 10 be pai Jor it; ane if it hys been offered for saie thirty years, then the price is only twelve and & half couis per acre. ‘This {a werely nominal eum. No man is deserving of land who wants it cheaper. In our own State, ant par- fhevlarly in the southern parts of [t, a vast amount of Jand which ia abject to entry at twenty-five cents ant twelve and anolf conte per acre, may yet be found There ave willions of acres in this condition, in s healthy re- gion, ana where rich mineral wealth ‘ay be developed. Toe climate is intinitely better and more sexsonable tha that to the north of us, and very soon the access to river und a market Wil be secured, by the building o rail and plank rosde. It ix the same case in Soathern I Vinols, where large quanti ies of land may be founs sub ject 10 entry at twelve and u half to twenty-five cents peo ‘acre, Land was never avld before at 40 cheap a rate; am ‘K perule aro wise, they will avail themselves of the new grcuation hw, und put all their dimes into land. Bet. ‘Yer lo {hia than go to Kaasas or Nebraska either, ant enter land at $1 16 por acre, ‘The report ot the invertigating committee of the Ver. mont Central Rattroad Company gives the losses of that unfortunate and ybused corporation ax follows:-—By fire, $98,568 98; by freshet, $32,803 06; by 8. F. Belknap, $500,(00; by forfeited stock, $269,858 67; by loss on bonds, $528,556 18; by intorest, $743,957 68; by Ver- mont ard Carade road, $252,583 14; by Josiah Quincy, Jr., $200,205 (h—total, $2,841,517 17. It is supposed that when all the floating debt is paid and the small isaues of bouds taken up, the corporation will stand with stock of $5,000,000, find bonds $3,500,000. Mr. Parrott’s sppraisemeh: of the road and equipment gives a value of $5,2€5,000. Tu other words, the road, instead of costing $8,600,000, sbould have cost but $5,205 000. During the year ending July 1, 1854, the gross earcings of the Ceutral au) Canad» together were 16 por cent on whit should have been the cost of the former, and mere than 12 per cent upon what should have been the tme | cost of both, With honest and expalle management, therefore, the Central can earn its interest on $3,500,000 avd a fair dividend on the stock, reckoned at $20 to $25 per share. A comparison of the footings of the statement of tho Boston banks, for the week ending the 2st inst., with those of the statement for the fovious woek, exhibits the following results :~ Boston Panxs. August 14. August 21. Captlel......+4..$31,014,985 $81,067,060 Inc. 62,975 Tons ond éise’ts 0,007/742 1 ne. 427, Specie... 2,873,393 Tuef'imo’r banks 8,528,104 Due to o’r banks, 6,637,463 6,726,177 Inc. 7 Deposits e+ 18,504,750 13,367,661 Dec. 137,189 Cueulation 8,184,828 8,087,003 ; The increase of c»pital consists in 850,825 addition to the Blackstone Bank, $450 to the Eliot, aud 1,700 to the National Pank. ‘The Beston Transeript of the 22a inst rays:— ‘The wm tters connected with the Cochituate Rank again came befvre Cuief Justice shaw, cf the Supreme Judicial Court, this morning. William Denon. Fs, appeared on Dehuif of the Reevivers; William Whitlng, Req, for tho stock holders; Harvey Jewell. ksq , for the Gr cor’s Bapk; a if. Fixke, eq . for the Mercharts’ Ravk. ‘The Recel-ers moved that the Court declare a dividend of £0 per cent on all liabi ities of the bank; an! on this motion the queation arose Whether a pro rala should be 7 v will erre to salighten , Nk afe, if not pred» thally with your permis, give them s separate nea vereived; and secording toth@ he toswer, the “urevioas rveatpts of the oun 1,683,779 28, #bic oF aaa tee gre, 2010 of $1,085,198 90) if for the remain- teen weeks of the year-—roe enrire from alone will ainoun: to$3 £27 043 24, Tothisamount, if we take the actual receipts fr am met - gers, mails &c , up to the Seth of Juve, and the amount, without noticing the vrogress in imerrae, We CO the road less ~ $4,440,782 26. ‘he expenses, whic amounted to $920,665 32 ring the first seven ‘month of tbe year, and dourle tr. m for the remaining dve moptts. the amount wl’ be $1 858,890 64, leaving & net revenue of Lea aoa Ws se frnshene employed in stroetion—equal te 14 per cen! bs aerye ia pat ret i? neat page y otian to Prospe: os oud oh The recent connection 4 tnence to the lakes, will travel of that important the Dauphio and Sus- tarrisdurg railroads, ara « their severe! prospecta ction of the copmenity objee'« of investment, ‘Tho dry goods traffic hax b-en more active during thd past week. The large auction sales whieh oecurredabout the date cf our last, brought hirber « greater number of Western and Southern merel ants who purchased pretty freely desirable fabrics, at however, avher unsatisfactory rates in the suction reoma Not having secured enougla of such articles therein, shore dealera have since made some considerable eelections inn yrivate way; and having bought them at tolersb'y foir pricws, their action has im, parted a more vigorous tons business, whieh is bee coming quite evident iw ‘ve Increasing confdence of holders, espectally of sensouihie goous, who now think, it probable that as goes a ‘be present aualety of ime porters to diepore of t)efy <wclier hall have beow allayed a Hivelier and heal® er raffle cannot fail to be realized, We hope that tris may be the result of tha fall campaign. Brown sheetirgs and shir'ings are in moderate Ce mand at previous quotations Choice makes are the least abundant, and the "irmes: in price. Bleached goods are plentier and fp most eas Ke rer yard cheaper; yet they do not attract more at ent) n. Cotton jeans aré solenble and firm. Wer a» of no accureuletion of stock. Folders of denims ace more disposed. to realize, but not at reduced rates: hen e they do not find very spisited customers. There ix «doll feeling in the markeg for dyills, which are fo good eupply and rather limite demand. No Important chenge is noviceable in duck. Ginghams are moderately seult in, at Me. for Glasgow and Lancaster, and 10346 for Manchester, per yard., Lawns ore unaltered O-nabétgs ave freely offered at easier prices; but they are act es'ively faquired fot, ow- ing to the #uspension of shiprocnts of grain Printing cloths are dull and heavy, and though no actual deslina In pricse can be éiscovered, tt ix plain that these tend downwards. Prints have deterlorated fully ge. per yard within a month, jet they remaio qaiet, with an in- creasing stock on hand Stripes and ticks appear abou the same. The current movements in woollen fabrics are not very extensive, nor do they affor much encouragement to mopufacturers or rellers rather hetter inquiry existe for blankets, fancy ¢ eres, cloths and doesking, but at longuid prices. These gonin urv pretty freely tendereds in some instances without recard to the exigens cies of the trade, which canrot but have a benedecial effect’ upen the market. Flannel are selling in larger quantites, at Jormer figures, Jenna continue in moderate request at drooping rates’ ‘We notice no new feature iy the business in Unseys of meoveslin de laines, Sa'inets «r+ brisuar—being abundants are on the decline. Shasta hive not attracted much now tice as yet. The stock isn tair one, and is heki with come siderable fizmness, Tweeds afe insutive and languid, Btoew Hw aninges Wrpxesnay, agurt 23,9668. $1000 Fyie Ine Borda $1 110 sha Rea’g RRDGO 69) 6000 Evie CB-62 63 61 100 40... B00 00: 3000 bud C Bis.... 70 100 do iY 00 Wiasinse 2500 TH Cen ER Bas 6000 QO... 02. 10060 40....8 10010 do... 60 10°60 NY Cen lit Bs 12 rhs Aw Ex Pank 7 am Ex Pk sertp.. 5 Pk of N Americ 20 Metropeliten Ble. 268 Canton Co... .bv0 600 Nie ae 00 £00 Penn KLeZC.sl0 TO Sixth Ay RR,... 1h Clove & Tol FR... decreed to all creditors, indivcriminately, or whether s preferevee should be given to ihe billhoklors—-which question was diseussed at some length by ihe counsel. it was states that the only parties that bid oxoscted to the Receiver’s report, reeently made, were the Grocers’ Pan Boston, and ihe Bavk of the Republic in New % k. Mr. Whiting, ne counsel for the stoc\heliers, presented a petition that ine Court would or‘cr the billuolders to te first paid in full, and prior to any and ali other claasera of ered itera, Mr Fiske presepteda petition that the assets should be distributed equally among lasaos of creditors. Mr. Whiting aud Mr. Behon exprossed hair views to the cour? ou the subject of these petitions, and were re questea by the Judge to argue these questions in writing to the full court. Mr Whiuing said that the quostion bad never boen de- elded by the full court whether bili holders were entitled to priority of dividends; that there had been one decision at Chambers, that they were not so entitie!; bit that it FARA quetinnot greatinporance to the stockholders of all Matenchysetts banks, and its deowion would pro dably have a material influence upon the safely ani value of that class of investsmenta; and in this view the ques- Lon should be decided enee for ail by » full court. Both the petitions were for the pre ent overruled, and the questions involved ave to be presented to the’ fall pench at thelr first meeting, which will be shortly, in Berkshire county. ‘The court is to moot againin this city on the 12th of Feptember. when the mode and amount of dividend will probably te declared We have received within the pest week or two a great | many communications relative to the affairs of the Read- vg Railroad Company; some are favorable and some an- fevorable to the present management; some make out the corcern to be hopelessly banksupt, while others show conclusively that it is a very productive investmont. For the purpore of giving both rides of the question, and to present the dark as well as the bright side, to those in tercated we annex conple of the communtestiona re- fered to, that the pablic ean jnoge for the Pi VRLMETA AND READING HATLROAD, There is vot a newspaper in tuis city with sufficient Jnvependen:e to admit au article or comment edversely to the ent administemion of thy Reading Railroal Compony. As you are genetally willing tha, your readers should Bek: pt posted in the movements of the day, the following items you may depend on ay being cor jou may use them, as you deem proper Ti trond is io the strictost sense of tne t are selves: — in a ** elo » The coneern is managed nominally by a Py Yr-Tucker—four managers— ievsra. Meher, Boxer, Richards aoa Oakford—two country cireetors and one Fogash agent to look British intoresty in the ren In reality, Mes v, Fishor and Boker ex ely manages the concera; Tichards ant Onkford The counter di tore, Who cannot are movtly engaged treating thelr npavy wive ind rogers,” faraished iu f whieh 4 60,000. Mr Me ft fond of 2, good wn to bo nero f toat al igs, y ¥ hae becn lost to the oompany by Prositens Tucwer,"y yall means, Mr Tucker mast de retaing! e» me 69 Cumb'V'a G'L.900 27 100 2 via 160 109 do 5 60 NY Cental RR. 200 do BoP G0... vee. 60 Mich Cont RR 560 é 6 Orreeee eee 100 Reading RR... .93 1000 do.. 660 00 10 BELOKD BOARD, $2000 DlCen RR Bde 67% 59 sus BrieRR.,.b5 3645 100 phe Can Co..,b60 2136 20 do 630 301g 20% 100 do ba BMG do. 20% 600 Reading RR...83 69 ) Corl Coe I 600 a, 950 6 5 Pavawa RR. 400 Exke RR. 260 do. 200 169 100 100 engin GITY TRADE REvORT. Wrosepay, Anguat bbls. change! hen —3P M. at former ‘The Arwme.—About 100 privos. Fexansrerrs —Flour wan doing better. saloa d to b,600 Dhis ortinary tn cusice State, at $B 44 a £9 623, good to fancy Woarcen, at $0 50 = 810, and other kindy ju proportion, wiry 2 019 9Uls, Southora 2 uny’® prices. Kye foar aqd corn meal wero Wheat refed quiet: the anlase sbrased 4,190 bushels Gevesco white, at $2 13 a $2 15, and 600 Southe ern red, at $1 00, sulee wore Tcewise made of 3,594 bushels rye, at $1 26, nod 72,000 bushels corn, at Be Sic.tor unsound, and Sto a @6c. tor Western mixed per bushel. State and Western oats were mory ingalred jor at bic. a Sée. Cortoy —The market was quiet, wilh limited sales, without change in quotaticns Yaesrs —The prevailiog dulnes« in rates continned, As ehippera appenred to be inctaed to wait Jater foreign news by the nextCunard steamer,now a out due, 1 rocl, compressed cotton was at abont 390. rels rorin were ergegea to fillap, on private trina, and 100 bhds tallow were taken ‘o fll up, om priva’e terme, 61 iead weigas was al 9 #d. To Lend 0 250 ceroeps of tobsavo were A Vessel was engaged to lowt with light T re, eottom or ehipwir if Wt 708. 8 BBO. 0 bales of Mani were made at Hiors per Ib. ot, ov down goes theroad.’? Mx. Tucker's trionds t and place bis Habilities at one vod @ holf muaiifion. ie coun'ry ville, uear Germantown, whick cost him somo $180,000, bas been hypothecatod to a frtend for | 60 0:0. ‘he other ruileoad comparien of which Mr. Tucker is presicont, say ikey los nothiug by that gen- flemaa. The qneetion then is, “Who are the fosore?? ‘There watters are kept upusaally obscured end sealed up from the public ‘The floating debt om the first of thie month 1s reported at $2.79,(00, ana sundry iaprovements on fie, includ- ing the new depot on Broad street, wil! reqatve $800,009 to com) lete, which will bring the agyregais amount in- vested by he company to twenty-two millions, which | you wil cdmit ought to farnish a comple:e road, doud! track, of 92 sulle istion of their stock. and fearing | still lower, are anxious to have things cleared up, and a favorable report got cut if porsibie—I[f rot, to know tho trotb, and le! the worst comeunt, Horotolure they hare had unconbtet condcevce in Mr. Tucker. Mr. Fisher har thie week been openly engeged buying up on his own account the short maturing payor of the company, at o diseount of 4 per cent. | gg htt oy act down the assertion of loan, being oi e4 to the company of $200,000 by a capitalist here at t! | current rate of interest—i. ©. legal interest, 6 per cent— 45 4 myth of the imaginsticn, as but a more posting in vention, although to the contrary aseorted. Not many days will elopse ere the will Ind 4 few moro thousands have been lost them py the failure of the president. Rut notwithstanding all theso drawbacks, what Capen to be now wanted is @ little plack among the stock holders—a general clearing out of ths old direc tors=-eurtailing wil Unnectrsary expenses on the road; in a word, a good, honest, eflicient management for tbe | future, M. Pmiaperma, August 22, 1954. As this great and important work seems to bo misun | derstood in this comiganity, I be, | tention of your read srs to t tatemen’ af it present bu —During the wee). just passod tap pease the recvipte from goal were play, a he Wook Iron —There ect tinued to be # fair inquiry, with sales of Reoteb pig at $40 a 941. Live —Tt n’ was saleable and firm at 0c. for common, and $1 15 for hump per bbl, Navat STOR —The rales em racet about 300 bbls. at S4o. @ bhe., with some retail b te a + 600 bbli, com mon rosin at $1 85; 1,000 do at $180 per Bt0 ths,, deliver- ed; ond 200 do white at 65 87 ‘ O18 Nothing new ccourred fa “whale, sperm, or olive, Linreed was selling io tots at 796. a 800. per gotion. Lari was racher scaros, and peld at 800, a Boe. per gellon. Proyuiows.—Pork was purchased to the extent of 000 Uris. at $15 75.08 &for mesa and $11 375 a $11 50 forprime per bbl. Cut meats ruled about the same. There were 1,200 prckages lard bought at ile. a 11%o. per Ib, ‘The tales of beof reached 200 bois. at steady prices. Bat- ter and cheese were unaltered Rick —The marke! was atenciy. at the advance notion d a the sales reached 250 canks at $4 @ $437 6p rive, Ericrs.—4 bout 260 mets of cassia wore sold at 260. Srierm.—Freoch branes were firm, andnsles of 30 ba i Pipes Rochelle were mate at about lic per gallon, advence. Scasm—Tho market was rather quiet, but prices were stendy. Among th were aboat 295 bhds. New Orleana st 4c. a S3je., and 2008 300 do, Ouba museovede at 6Ke a Se, Warkry.—The day's sales embraced 450 bbls. Obia and — Ske. w 46 }¢¢., and 100 uhds. drudge at 36e, per gallon. New Brovorp On. M. —Sperm D> . Manrwr, Avg, 21. quiet, snd holders @rm. ‘The buly ‘sales for eke 160 bbls not atritly prime, ata price wo did not learn, There vas considerable toasty for whale the past wee! bat nochange in the market. Tra aceount 13 gales of 2,(80 Dbls., in lots not aclected, st h60. per lon Holders remalv firm, -aloa of shelebose for, the werk 16,000 The, Pricr at 800, 11,000 ibs. 14.000 Ibs Ochotek at 88¢, and 2,000 Ibe. Southsea ww, All cach. — Shipping Lise