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+ WHOLE NO. 6572. WNEWS BY FORTNIGHT LATER FROM CALIFORNIA. Arrival of the Unit States at New Orleans, ih LEGRAPR | The Strong Minded Women Again—Lecture | appointed to investigate the emmditiva of these sta- | MARYSVILLE. GREAT FIRE AT Split Amone>: TWO TICKET the Democrats, | NOMINATED. i | FIRE AND 08S OF LIFE, | ORLEANS, Aug 8 « oa, from Aspiawell, hy © California mails snd pas- “The eteamship Uni'ed ived at this port, brin wengers.of the let inst A great Gire had oceure! 9) Jarysville—five squares of Duildings were deatroye |, un the lors reached $260,000. ‘The State Demoeratic (onvention assembled arcording to anpouncement, and «t:e- reat disturbance ® regular split ccourred, and two tic\«ts were nominated. ‘The trial of the City Mxraval of San Francisco, for oMlcial misconduct, had resutied in bis conviction. William 3, Sheppani iwi b-«n hanged for the murder of Henry Poy. ‘The wheat crop had beon all barvestel. The yiold was very large, and great qunr ‘ites were being exported, MARKETS. Frovr.—Sales of Galley: and Haxall at $9 60 a $10. Prowsions gent wad declined. Mess pork waa quoted at $12 50 a $14, mesa’beef, $14 504 $16; aud lard | in kegs, at 18c. a 1d. SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. Arrived at fan Franco» suriog tae fortnight:—Ships S "Osgood, from New York March 20; Golden Fagle, Favens, New Yors Murch 21; Carrington, French, New York March 22; R B Forbes, Lallard, Now Lork March 11; Talbot, Hall, New York Jan 6; bres 5 Kennedy, Philadelphis March 13; revenue cutter Jeffer- ey fh 18, Pease, New York November 11, via Valparaiso June 4. From Boston. FALL 07 & BUILDING— FIRE AND LOSS OY LIFE. Bostoy, Avg. £1, 1854. About three o’clock this afternoon, two five and a-half ll wtory granite buildings, forming the last end of Tilden block, Nos. 93 and 95 Broad street, opposite Custom House atreet, fell with a tremendous crash, the rear | wall alone standing. It was occupied by Ifunneman, || Hazen & Co., wholesale druggists, and W. K. Lewis & I] Brother, large dealers in prescrved meats, pickles, kc. Fortunately there were premonitory symptoms of the eatastropho, and the inmstes had time enough given them to eecape; all except one did 0, who now lies be- neath the rains. Two or three persons who were psss- ing on the sidewalk at tho time, are reported as Loving deen killed. MORNING EDITION—-WEDNESUAY, AUGUST 23, 1854. Our saratege Corrs pundenee. Sararoca, August 19, 1654, of Miss Pellet-—The Wrongs of Pre Sex— What Women Should Do—Material Aid Wanted and Refused — Dissatisfaction Thereat—Hiram Barney and Lucy Stone again, &c. The comventien week at Saratoga was closed on Fridsy lest by the strong minded wemen, who b-ld forth on the grievanocs of the sox in St. Nicholas Hull, in the afternoon and evening of Friday, to lurge andiences, contrary to the genera) expectation. They did not hold a con- , vention, but contented themselves with giving | lectures on women’s rights at twenty-five ceuts ahead. At balfpsst three Miss Pellet, who I | informed you is going to California, delivered an address in which she made a desperate on- slavght on the lords of creation. To them she attributed all the wrengs of women, who, she claimed, were their equals in every respeot. Many of the difficulties that occur between a husband and wife were caused, ehe said, by the latter not being allowed a scparate purse. Up on this print sve was very forcible; rhe saw that she bud mude a hit, from the manner ia which it was received by the fairer portion of | the audience, and like a good tactitian, che pur - sued her advantage by recommending the men to allow th:ir wives a fair amount of pin mo- ney if they desired to gain their favor. In the present horrible condition to which the mothers and daughters of America bave been reduced, something, she believed, must soon be done. Society is all wrong, and nobody was doing anything to set it right. Even the most fogyish admitted that it was necessary to do something; but nothing could, she contended, be accomplished until the women put their shoulders to the wheel and led the van in the great battle against the tyrants for their rights and privileges, With a brave heart she would say to women, “Go and do,” and the doing would be a blessing. Men may he lawyers and politicians; aud why should not women also aspire to the bar. the bench, and even the Presidential chair? The idea that every woman must be educated for the kitchen should be ignored; and she advised them particularly sever to allow man to exercise auy lordship over them, or to arrogate to himself tyrannic authority over them. Me should never be al- lowed to suppose that he was better fitted to take the lead than che was, Women are not allowed to take any part in religious ceremo- nies, although admitted as members of churches; but she believed that these churches only were Immediately after the falling of the walls, a fire burst out, kindled from a steam engine in the basement, and the burning of the large quantity of combustible dings which were in the building create’ the most intense heat and smoke. The exciting rumor spreading around that a large umber of persons had been burfed in the ruins, had collected a crowd of thousanis around the «pot. The most blessed in which women are permitted to participate in the prayer mectings. Their influence is wanted at the builot box to reform the character of our elections, and to place the proper men in office. Much would she give to be able to stay in this part of the country during the coming elre- tions; but duty called her to another field, and she was thercfore compelicd to leave the eaase “firemen were promptly on hand, .and now, at seven o'clock, we hard at work. Those known to be killed are Wm. Downing clerk of ' Hunmemar, Hazen & Co., awouttwonty years old; Davil ten years. The two latter were killed on the sidow: A youn: ‘woman, it is also stated, is buried in the ro body bad not been found up to nine o'clock Reports are curren’ that there are several others buried in the ruins, but those above mentioned are be- Ueved to bo all that have lost their lives by the patastropic. Tho buidiings were erected last spring. owned by ifonch, Wells & Co., Lewis & Bro. No. 95 was owned pupled by Hunneman. Hazen & Co. The loss is estimated at one hunired aud twenty thousand deilazs. irc is confined to the ruins, and will probably Ing to the combustibles un- From the Wes £083 OF A WESTERN STEAMER—FILE AT ST. LOUIS. Sr. Loris, Auguat 21, 1854. ‘The steamer Huntsvitle, loaded with dry goods, struck apnag about sixty miles f om this city, and was lost. Alarge fire occurred here today in Messrs. Rosen. * heimer & Burd’s store, on Main street, near Market. The adjoining property was also damaged. 1.c#s $10,000. From Pnailladctphia. PONGRESSIONAL NOMINATIONS IN PHILADELPHIA, Purapmrna, August 22, 1854. In addition to the nominations advised in our despatch last night, the cemocrats of the Second Congressional district bave nominated John Hamilton, Junr., as their - eandidate, and those of the Vourth distriet Henry M. Phillipe. wee, whe Liquor Law In New Haven. New Havey, Aug. 2], 1854. A great mecting was held here this «afternoon, forthe purpose of appointing liquor agents, and for designating “the quantity of liquor to be used for mechanical and macramental purposes. The or posers of the law resisted allaction, and@yote to adjourn was carried by theom— leven hundred and fi‘teon agalnst ten hundred and sixty. ‘Tho friends of the law sa!d they had a large majority present, if their friends had not been crowded from thi doorway by the presence of rowlles. Their opponen'e deny that this was so. The Steamer San Jacinto. Toston, Aug. 21, 1854, it ‘an Jacinto put Inte port in consequence of leaking badly, when wuier can- vas. The crack in her ted plate was of a trifling na ture, in no wey affecting the working of her engines. She stexmed up to the Navy Yurd in fine styin, ard as noon as «ba ts dosked Lied she will proceet to the Raltic. Steamboat Accident—Loss of Life, d&e. Rostow, Angust 22, 1854. ‘The steamer Penobscot, from Portland, while coming ap ‘the harbor to-day, down a sail beat, and four mon who wore in the boat at the time were drowned Their names have not been ascertained. Joseph Gosland was ran over by an engine while pro -oooding to a fire in Broad etreet, thi afterooen, an’ hat his thigh Lroken, and recefvod other rerious in,uries. . Deaths by Choicra in Baffalo. Bervaco, August 22, 1854 ‘Tho deaths by cholera in this city laat week, were fort y- ‘four, of whioh five were Americans and the talence forclgnces. Weather, &. Parr apeivma, August 22, 1824. ‘The heat baa been very great here to day. This ‘ing the (hermomoter stands at ninety Markets. New Onuraws, A’ , U8S4 Salles of coffee the past week, 2,000 bags, at 10),¢. a Me, Steck 18,000 bags. Market firm. New Oncmans, August 22, 1854. The traveactions in our cotton market to day, have New Orleans middling is poten at ONS In four, sales have been light at dim rates. We quote thom at $7 25 $7 For moss pork $19 26 woe asked, and for lard in kege Tio. soffec selling at 1c. Political baer rae The Kaleigh (N.C.) Standard, in referring to the romlt of the pers ‘tion in North a says ion ice to all parta of tho in the bends of ibe ludics of New York, who, che was certain, would labor for the clection of true men to office. At the conclusion of Miss Pellet’s address, Suzan RB. Antho-y came forward, and urged the clyims of the sirong-minded women ou the sympathies of tho wudience, by giving an account of the petition which was presented in our State Legislature last year, and which she said was signed by about six thousand men and women. The Legislature lad, she said, granted the two m importaat claims which were presented therein—the right of the wife to her own earnings, and to the disposition of her own children. on proof that the husband was unfit, from bis intemperate habits, or from any other canse, to take care of them. She closed ly saying she would, in company with her col- league, Miss P.. go thrcugh the audience, and receive whatever sulxcriptions they wore wil- ling to allow for the promotion of the cause; | but the audience, thinking that the twenty-five eents which they had paid for admission was quite sufticient, commenced leaving the hall a3 fast as their powers of locomotion would per- mit. She used all her elogrence to persuade them to remain. but without effect, till Mr. Pierce. 80 conspicuously at the ‘ebrazka Convention, took the platform, i sainst the audience for nduct. said he, “the collection Is announoed’’ Here be was interrupted by cries of “ Take e platform,’’ whea Miss Anthony came to the rescue, and said thet they (the strong-minded women) never refused the {lemen the privi- lege of speaking at t meetings, though the temperance men excluded he aies allowed to wll on such o fhis allusion to the conduct of Hiram Barney, who the day before would not allow her to ad- «6 the temper over which he ed, wa V ith applause, and ihe audience, thinking that there would ke some fun, returned to their scale. Mr. Pierce now made his appea! form, « ed bis remark very mo’ d he, “the collection was annonneed, ther icd_to be a general stampede, Now, Task,’ tinued, ‘is this commen gallantry?” | A Vorcu.—We had a right to go when we | liked; we paid our money for admiscion, and no j ean detai when wo wish to leave. re meny things, St. ht, bat that are not alto- cate! however, I will sions. ok his stand at the door, but did not su¢tced in collecting much though he used hig utinost pe of D, and exerted himecif in the caure of ir sex with a zeal that wae Worthy of all The audience left somewhat dicap- 1 evidently ended in expec- some amusement; but they h mbered that they wore not in ork, ond that the presence of Miss Lucy Stone and her able compeoers was absolutely te purpose. As it was, how- pretty fair opportunity of liar doctrines of the strong- and the claims which they urge nal rights with the sterner sex, In regard to the affair d'honneur between Misa Lucy and Hiram Harney, I have been sivce informed that Mr. B. hag signified his de- termination not to accopt any challenge, and ; that he is will ing to make tho am-ende honera- ble in any form that his fair antagonist may desire. It is well known that he is not a fight- ing man, and that although he was rather un- fortunate in tho instance alladed to, yet his gallantry to the ladies is beyond all question. In acting ashe did he was merely complying with the desires of the leaders of the tempe- rat ce movemens, who, ever since the invasion of » World’s Convention by Rev, Mrs. Brown, | have been in a etate of hostility to the strong minded women. These circumstances may help | to exonerate him in the cyes of their fair leador, ro that after all it is probable che will not chabenge bim, as it was at firet supposed she would. If Mr. B. desires, however, to gain her | favor, he will use his influence in procuring her nomination by the abolitionists and tem- perance men for the next Preeidency. . Vous verrons, This place is belng rapidly descried; the ho- tele, which were crowded a week ago, arc not belffoll, and in a couple of wecks the little town of Saratoga will be restored to its usual quict appeaysace, 4 er from the common H Zhe Cow stables tr West Sextecnth Street, The Special Committee of the Bourd of Health bke, ardt © propriety of romoviog them, met again Jesterday in the chamber ef the Board of Couaeil- men. 4& iarge vumuber of persons were presea:. The Cvatrman of the Committtee, Couacidman Conyoven, having cuiled the meeting to o-der, aa- nounced that he was ready to tear parties in reta- tion to the alleged buisance of these stubles. Mr. Bensawin Bawsy, resirig in Fourteenth’ street, between Eighth and Ninth avenues, said that be found the stench from trese stable? unbearable, On two occasions he had endeavcred to: eater them, and had vomited from the stench whist they emit- ted. Dr. Seymour, & resident in West Fourteenth street, though not actually sickened, had been nau- teated by the effluvia from the stables. He believed it vas the genera] opipion of medical men that they were is jurious to the healtt of the ity and ha i caused & giext amount of sickness, especially amopg chil- orev. This was bis own firm conviction, and he bad tra-cd the emell directs to the stables 1u qaxe- tion.’ Mavy cases of cholera infantum bad fatlea uncer his own obvervation which fad arisen from as Gee of impme milk, given by the cows kept ‘ere. Wi.t14aM HH, Annxsnan, ef Twenty-third street, betocen Ninth ard Testh avenues, said that his plece of business wes in Fwenty-ninth street, He vub rn the babit of goirz down town eaily every day, aid found that the stench from the stables, in pareing them, v.68 borrible, Whoo the wind was west the emell reached his house, and was 80 offen: tive thut he was oblized so close his windows. He satisfied that the smell came from the stables Ab qui rh Dew a resident of Twenty first atreot, be- teret Nirth and Tooth aveoues, complained of the offer aive odor and unbeeltby atmosphere caused by there cow stobles in West Blateouth street. Heney QR. Banwen spoke at length u the ex: istence of the allegeo nuisance, and said that the whole veigbborhved wae of one opinion on the subject, and belicsed these tables to be ¢ctrimental to te public health. Dr. KE. Byxxr, @ resident of 217 Seventh avenue, eee thatthe cow stables were not injurious at all, Mr. Hay, 64 Ninth avenue, who lived opposite ne stables, never found any offensive smell from them. Mr. J. W. Surri had lived until the last fortnight in 246 Thirteenth street, from whonce he had been obliged to move on accourt of the stench from these cow stublee. He led frequently woke up at bight with a suffocating sensation caused by this tmel. He was satisfied that it came from the sta- bles, and from no other place. Cusnrizs &, Hossin, of Twenty-third strect, be- tween Ninth and Tenth aveoucs, had traced the ob noxious swell in the neighborhood to these stables. The emeil bad often been so strong that he was forecd to shut bis windows. Mr. Jonx Ropeens, teacher, living in Seventeenth street, corner of Tenth avenue, within a hundred yards of the stables in gucstion. had pever found an ipjurions smeilf.om them. Thirty-thiee people lived in toe same house with hig, aod he never heard them compisin of any obnoxious effluvia, As far vs he could chserve, the ncighborhood was gene- a bealthy. James Arcurson bad charge of those stables in Weat teenth street. Danng the summer months some thirteen bundred, avd during the winter about sixtecn hundred cows were kept there. ‘These cows were fed threo times a day with stop, and twice a dey with Isy, eash receiving about seven pourds. He and his fsmily had used the milk which they gave for sixteen years, ard nover found itinjvrious, Le always received it before it was taken rourd to the public: he objected to water being mixcd with bis inilk; tho stables were cleaned six or cight times a day--that in, they were swept out, Lut watcr was Dot used to cleanse them. He tad ecen cows die there of the Gistemyer, ard during the last two or three moathe tome six or seven on an average died weekly. More cied it sumer thon in winter. To bis knowledge diecased cows bad never been sold to the butchers. Mr. Rutix, of 510 West Seventeenth street, had never felt ap; annoying smell or inconvenience from theso stablee. id not use the milk from there cows--ho preferred the country milk, as more wholkecome. Several other gentlemen gave similar opinions in relation to these cow-stables; after which the cem- mittee rjowned. Williamsburg City In Vier or 4 Hansrorp Fine Comeaxy.—Yesterds noen Nopteno Fnpine Mr. Ru ya No. 2, of Martford, Coan , pany by Good Intent Kagiac “The Hartford company ame to New York in the ed ? SS a i a ct a tie ed ah i pte OIE SN eR TE at lo a esterday sfiernoon the vini‘er y ii were ittee, consisting of . Denicl Jacobs, deremich Brown gest Odeon, where several Miswebn y zr. Jamea S. Wiligme, of ua gave the fo ave i Gentlemen of the Hertford ang Wil partment, we greet you. May Wave forever, ard misy the and Neptune, No. w bale rs, that sha bed Ly the celage of tis rity afler taarelied t loud and rey ship more firml day) Neptune : of thoir engine at Miley's ‘ter whic they will proceod Jind entcrtaine ne afternoon they w: CHARGE OF Thomas Sinnot, o bronght before Just t caterday Sorencen, & man named by rt thinkd: a Warrant clerging taint was male d ned fh haa ge years since, where he ing, in Boston. Tho Sinnot came to Wil- ‘a4 aldo tracod by the frat nd the complaint mado against him. The scoused munitted to the cells, proparatory to being sent to the county jell to await ti Brooklyn City Intelligence. st GRANTRD, A oa of the oe of Exelan was osterdsy, 2 following mses were granted, in addition to 100 heretotore granted— Vir Ward—Taverns, Jobn 1. Suydam, J. W. Gadeby, Sanmel Jones. Grocer, Denpia V'srr-Tl. Second Ward—Taverr "ho i Pith Ward—Tavc .- cers, Jeremiah ith Word ’ Patrick Keenan. jos bore, It Lecoe, ME. Dizon, Ny Bosche, W. Cunimlags, “aeenth Ward—Teuorns, 3. G. Sobuyner, Lndwi Pal, Comelius Nostrend. Croveze, Christephor Hanlan, i Eager Ward—Taver Win, Willams, Joba C. mand Boy @ John Schwanwodell, le. Groves Meyer, C. IL Steere. Teepth Ward—Tavorns, James De Vancene, Wm. Wrede. Grocer, Jen Carroll. Miscellany. Mrs. Sarah Perk of Salem, N. J., has gatherod one hundred good ripe lemons from a single tree the present season, and from another treo ee ® single lemon inches in cireumfo- which meesnred thirtcen and a ha! renee, and weighed plumpa 5 A burglar wan 4 in the act of robbing a house in Lewistown, Pa., and made his cecape. Soon atter he left, smoke was discovered in the house, which proved ‘0 & narcotic, as it was with the greatest tant revrn of the Wore awakened on the ing ’ : - ma AFFAIRS IN WASHINGTON. fom (From the Cvio+ge Demoernt.] Wesnineton, Aagust 10, 1854. When the House sdjourned oo Mevduy morniog, sire dre, there were about a dozen present, Col. Berton wd wyrelf were the enty oxes from the West. Tbe Colonel hud pre, area uinselt for a hot wornivg, by i sine Vest, cravat, and stockings ut bome. He wore light ana low slippers, which ebowed nature's st.ckings to great Sacaatoan When acked wherote purebascd nis atockingy. he eaid be gutthem of his nother eeventy ovd years ago, ape there never yet bad been a Role in tom. Col, Biswell’s heaita contisues about the encie. Ger. Shields thinks it ansate t>-Leave him; us, if the weather continues warm, he cen urvive bat e few cays. On the contrary, shoulo it ¢o0) ofa litte, he live several week», aud ps months. He iy vow ot Berbiey Springs, abont eight hours’ ride from Wastivgton. The last ture when be requested me to announce to the House that, coule be bave been present, be shod have votes againet the repeal uf the [Mssouri eompro- piselaw. He bas eu vived aleady much loager than sppeasances then indivatea.t ut he coala. The effects of tie reciprocity tresty ure differ- ently viewed in offferent sections of the ountry. With as, at Chieago, I do nut sce bow there oza be apy difercece of Opinion, as we get the freedom of! a e Ge St. Lawrence, which we ouve brea striving ‘or 80 lepg, ‘The Lund Graduation bill will be of ivcalculable adva:itege to our State. “here is a greut deal of lard to te eold a6 1%) ents per ac:e, and still mor at 26 conta. The best thing the laborers on the Mlicois Cantral Railioad can co, ia to pick them oat an eigtty or one hond:ed and eizty wore trect oear che LU invis Centsa! Rwlread land-. Chis tract they cao use for cultivation, whilst they ure the lands of the company !0r mowing and pasturage. When land can be got atone shilling or a quacter of a dollar per acre, it isa mat'y own fault if Le does not own ufearm. The friends of these laborers ought st once to apprise them of their rights. Under this lew, bpd the generai surh for laud, we shall have but little more use for laad offices in ILlivois. The Homestead bill was defeated in the Senate, for the seme resson thot the Missouri compromise low was repeoled. Inceed, the passage of the Homestead bill would have been practically a repeal ot the Nebraska and Kaovse bill, 60 far as slavery igcevcemd. 1 would bave ufforded so si,ong an inducemext for free jabor to bave gono to tucse Territories, that slavery would effectually havo been sbut out. As it is, there 18 now no way tokeep slavery out of Kansas, but to urge, by all possible means, the friends cf free tabor to gu there. And olavery bus got such a f.othold there now that it is to be feored t .at free labor can never suce:sefully compete with it, Ice that several papers aro agitating the repeal of 80 much of the Kanses and Nebraska law as ad- mitselavery. {have no doubt but the next House will pass sueh ab il. But the next Senate will not; tor the Senate thereafter. Should every fice State clect a Senator hereafter to oppcse tho bill, it would take just five yea:s to biing the friends of the ropeal int» a majority in the Senate. It ie cae as ities with the Fugitive Slave law. No tlave Sia'o Fenator will ever vote for cither. So, at least, it will take fivo years to ropeal cither. five years, the slave Letter from the Hon. Ur, Wentworth, M.C., Rody Rie But, even at the end of States will have some friends iu the Senate; and, os things sto now, there is but ono hope of exclud- ing siavery fren Kansas, and tat is, by encou- raging the 1ight kind of emigration there. “Tne law will never be repealed uusil tucre is a radical chepge in tho way of eiccting. United Stutes Sexatore. ‘Tbe vews of Colonel Benton's defeat bag just reached here, and I never saw as muh joy mani fested aa there is by the slave holding interest. It bar given them greut courage, and I would not be sorprised if they epcula bring ou theie two great miacures next winter, Thy South «ares nothing for the repen' of the fugitive save law, or the slavery part cf the Kavsuy-erd Nebrarke Ill, It knows thot it caimot be done, and so fears notuing. It has two grent measures etill behind. These measures Colene] Benton, and every man opposed to the re- pene Missouri compromise law, will opp se. Jclope} Benton is the ouly opponent who has snb- mitted his pame to the people. He has falion. The ery is, let oll other democrats who o; the re- peal alare his fate, aud the stor of sluvory extension Will be in the ascendant. The forth somiag measures are :— lst. The formation of a new slave State from the south « f Colifernia. 2d. The nationativation of the ivstitution of sla- very. Slavery is now sectional, and the men who takes his lave into a freo ftate doce 20 at the peril of bis slave. A very tew words incorporated into 4p appropriation bill, or smuggled tnto aome private bill, is ali that is wanting. [¢ is said that the fol lowing will be vhe words:—T'he property of no citi- zen of any State shalt be endangered cr forfeited whilst Leiug occupied in, or transported through, any otber State.” ‘Lhe idea is, that whi'e no citizen of lilinois con br ld slaves under our Illinois tava, a iti of snother State may occupy a farm in Mli- nois with bia slaves, transport them backwards and forwards without danger or forfeiture. ‘hus, whilst wo ore looking to remedy the paat, the South baw two great measnres for the fa- ture.g@ And if a man will go right in these two Incasures, the South would take bim for Covg:ess though he introduce a bill to abolish elavery in the Distriet of Columbia, to re- peal the fagitive slave law and to repeal the Kansas apd Nebraska bill as soon as be took his seat. Our Renate being the bulwerk of slavery, and being elected only once in six years, the South can never loge an aavantage that it once gains. The Bouth is practical and the North impractical in this matter. baw Lim was | What few frce soiters I have scen here ave very indignant at the whigs for their coalition with the | pro slavery mento beat Col. Benton.- Tuey think } thot, if the Northera whig press had done its daty, the Northern residents of ¢t. Lonis, who arc whigs would have gone mere generally for Col. Benon: And [ have no doubt they would. The whigs, how- ever, expect to have a majority in the next House of He; rescniatives, and they would have found Col. Benton rather a thorn in the flesh when they undertook to revive any of their old moasures. { have interested myself somewhat to know what is to be the administration policy aa to the river and harbor improvements. The Cubinet were near eyvay divided upon the propriety of the l’resl- | dent signing the bill for the improvement of Cape Year river. After he signed that, all, with one or two exceptions, contended thai he must sign the general bill, as bad admitted the power. But there wes a hope that the general bill would be de- feaxed, and eflorts were made accordingly. It was stove off, and stove olf, and stove off. Bat we stove off other things with Our danger was their dan- act. They tried ali their ingenulty to get rid of us un'il they could pass the aypropriation bills. But allin vain. We got ahead and kept ahead; and be- cane my, couki not help themselves they let us pasa our bill ahont daybreak. Ry the President's veto you ace tliat he said ae little as he could say and aay anything. ‘The whigs were “rt ee that the President would sign the bul. wanted @ veto very much. it was the object of democra favor of harbor and iver improvemonte to keep out all new works, and to adhere to ostimates, and thus rellove the President from all ep ped for begkinisg works, and see if he would not stand by the cetl mates hia own department sont to us. ‘The whigs really had fears that he would sign un der such circumstances, and I really had hopes that he would. | ‘Thoy tried all sorts of ways to add new works, and to Increase the estimates; and, to eru- barrats us, would move to amend the items In our own districts, and make Hankum apeccles thereon, to be sent home and published in our own district. We pracented tho naked quostion to the Presk dent of completing works upon his own estimatos which fad elzeady been begun, and that, too, after we to. sent him the Cape Fear River bill to try his \ ‘ews of the constitutional power. The point we have gained hy the passage of auch a bill is very important. President admita that Congress has the powor, but claims for the execntive the direction, and proposes to sive his viows at tho next session of Congress, We shail then be on hand. Wo “shan’t give it up so.” | am inclined to think that he will recommend the selection of afew of the most important harbors, ord then appropriate onough to complote them at once,’ thus giving us a few ood harbors for a ercat mapy poor ores. After we shall have entirely com- tlotod these, then wo can go on and vomplete a fow more. This is the most sensible thing ho can do. Vinee 1x THe Woops—The fires in the woods centinne to rage very destructively in various of this and adjoining counties, A friend informs us that near all the wood! in Charleston aad Corrinna will be overrun a fire if the drought continoes mach longer. ae alrendy done to woodland in this section of the Stato must be oh in aggregate. Bugor Whig, ge % Pre-emption in Kansas and Nebraska, ArrognEy Gamers rane: August 14, Sir—Your communication of wwe lt 1u+ ut, covering that of the Commissioner of Indian A faire of the 8th inst, presente questions as to che legal selation between certain provisions of the act of Congress of July 22d, 1854, to e-tublish tue oflices of Surveyorgereral of New Mexico, Kausas, aud Nebwarka, to grant dovations 7 sctual actth there’, avd for other purposes, and certa-n trea of Mey last with the Indian se By the treaty concluded and signed May 6, 1454, ratiied Wy the Genate July Lith. 1854, acd pro- clatmed Joly 17th, 1864, between the Uuited States apd the D¥laware:Indiuas, trey ceted to the United Stater the Iand called “the Outlet.” at the ric of en thousand dollars, and otter lands with: fh certain defived boundaries, to be paid for as after mentioned. By mticle 2 the United States agreed to cauae’ ell the lands ceded, Excepting the said Outlet, to be surveyed in the same manrer that public ede are rurveyed. And the Presi- dent will, 0 son as the Whole or any portion of said Jands are surveyed, proceed to offer such surveyed lands for role ut pubilc suction, in sooh quantities av he raay deem proper, being governed in all re pects, in cenducc- arg Buch bales, hy the laws of :be United States reapect fog vhe gales of the pub is lands; and such of the lands 2s may not be sold at the public sale chal thereafcer be su ject 10 private entry in the same manner that private onsties aze wade of the United staves Iatds; aay or ail of -uch lence assemain ungold, after being subjeet to irizate entiy for three years ot tho minigum govern- meat yriee, way, by ect of Congress, be graduated and reduced in price, until all the suld laads are gold, regard being hed in said grecuation and reduction to the in ¢- rest of the Dedawares, and, also, to the speedy rettloment of Fe country. By artic'e 3 the United States agree to pay to the Deluware tribe All the moncys received from the aales of the lends provided to teeurveved in the precediog article, after deducting therefrom the cost of surveying, managing, anc selling the sume Ait. 1€. It is agreed by the parties Lereto that the iow of the act o1 Congress, spproved 3d of Maroh, f » relation to lands ceded to the United States, rball, 80 fax as upplicabdie, be oxtended to the lands Lere- in ceded. ‘The act of Congress alluded to in the 16th article ig to be found in eccona volume of the Statutes at Lerge, page 445, chapter 46. The material provi- tions of that act, applicable to the lands ceded by the Delowures, are, “that if any person or persons sbuli, ofter the pessing of this act, take sseasion of or make a oettlement on any hace ceded or secured to the Unied Stater, by avy treaty made with a. foreiga ration, or by @ cetsion from apy State to the United Staess, which lands shuil vot have been previously sold, ceded, cr leased by tre Uuited States, or tho claim to which lands by such person.or persons shall not hove been previcnsty recognized and confirmed by the United Staes; or if any person shall cause suc! lords to be thus cecuyied, taken -ession of, or rettiod,” &e., the President of the United States may bave them semoved, aud take such means aud employ such military force ag he may judge neces- sary and proper for that ) expose. be trary between the United States and the Tewa Indians, conclased and signed May 11h, 1854, ratified by the Senate July 1th, 1954, and proclaimed by the vrevident July 17th, 1854, cen- tains stipulations for the sale of the ceded lands, und payment of the procecds to the Iowa lodiaas, simitoy to the stipulations of the treaty with the Delaware, acd also sefers to the above-cited ast of Congress of March 8, 1807. ‘Ibe treaty between the United Statea and the her sr-bes of Jodians, concluded and tigned May Oth, 1554, ratified by the Senate, and proclaimed in the present month of Anguet, pro- viced for the suryeying of the lands ceded to the United States inte townships and sections, and then for the sclection of a certain quantity reserved to the Indians; the remainder of the lands ceded are to be told for the benefit of the Indians, and the whele pro ceds, after deducting the coat of survey- ing, Wanaging, and seiling, to be paid to the la- thavs. ‘Le provision for the manner of selling is similar to that in (be treaties with the Dela vares and Tewas, exe ing intiuders | ‘Theee treatica, w! take effect from t spectively conclrded and signed. By these treaties, tho landa ceded are to he sold at public auction, uson the account, and for th: berefit, of the Delawares, Jowas, and Weas, re- 8] ectively, they pasirg the cost of surveying, mana- ccliing. ‘The legal title, domain and ju- re in the United States, but the eqnita- y interest in the proceeds of sales is in » The proceeds of the sales, to be ac- counted for by the United States, after deducting the coets of surveying, managing and selliag, are the considerations for the cescions of jurisdiction and sovercignty to the United States. The treaties ex; reat require that the lands shall be offered at public auction before they can be sub- ject to private entry in any form. zi Question thereupon arises upon the following pro- vision of the act of Congress referred to, viz. Gian tile has been, Territories of Nebras- all be subject to the operation “of the be ath pes pe 1841, and under ictions ant stipulattons tl orcin men. ywover, that w e 's laware, Iowa and Wea Da veyed Lands cific tra re to file such r tho traets claimed before the day fixed ied with the Survey 1) other arrangentcn's ela hay lc by Jav that purpose. * Now, the diffe. ence between gales at public auc- ticn and sales to pre-emptioners is essential and notorious; and the toking up of land by pre-emp- tion under the provisions of the act of 1541, ap plied by that of 1854 to the Territories of Nebraska and Kansas, is inconsistent with the particular stipulations for public sale in the treaties with the Delawares, lowas, and Weas. The Commiesioner states that it is claimed on the pert of persons intending to set up pre-emptions under the act of Joly 22d, 1454, that this act con- stitutes a centract betwoen them and the United States; and that in ¢o far as rey the stipulations of the treaties with the Dclawares, Jowas, and Weas, of May previous, with which the act, ag they assuind, isin conflict, those stipulations are to be considered an sbrogated by the act of Congress. . Inany judgment thero is not the slightest founda- tion for this pretension, either in the general prin- ciples of Jaw, or on tho proper construction of the letter of the statnte. If tho act of Congress undertook, in express terms, to annul the stipulations of treaty In ques tion, it would be necessary to discuss the relative wuthority cf a treaty and a statute. But there is no | such extraordinary thing in the statute as an ex- press repeal, 40 to speak, of those treaty stipla- trons. The protcace of repeal is on the assumption of implied repeal by incompatibility of provision. But when alf the ‘treatics for extingy sing the Indian titles in Kansas and Nebras! re taken into consideration, ax they should be in order to aaertein the real mind of Congress’ in paesing i it will be secon that thero ix nothing in the atify the assumption of the pre cmp- and, of course, nothing to snstain the¥pre- tended eqnences, At the time of the pase of the act of Congress, the United States bad lands within tho Territories of Nebrogla and Kansaa, thi Indian title to which had been extinguished, and which were then public lands for the sote benefit and use of the United States—namely, the ‘Cutlet”’ ceded by the Deluwares themselves; the lands ceded by the Ottece and Miesonrias by the treaty I8i45 Ww the Omebas, March 16, 1554; Pe ay 14, 1854; and by the Sacs and Foxes, May 14, 1454. in the lands 29 ceded by these treaties, the Indians have no intcrest or titla, al or equitable; nor have they any use ‘therein hg the proceeds of sale. Here ix ample field in whick to give efiect to the pre-omption provi- sions of the act of Congress, ar To teat this view of tho subject, and walviag for | the present ell question as to the relative authority of a treaty and an act of Congress, let us suppose, for the argument’s sake, that these various public actsz—namely, the eeveral treatics with the Dela- wares, the lowos, the Weas, the Ottocs, the Mix pourtas, the Omahss, the hickapoos, and the Sacg and Foxes—and the acts of Congress aro al! ac‘ of the samo character and authority—that ix to say, all treatics or acts of Con, ‘This view of the case glvea to the pre-emption pretension all the premises which It can claim, and mach more than it is en- titled to by any rule of Jaw. poring this, how- ever, it is ey that if - be agg Page nd = Congress of their respective dates, then they # be constried together, and hy no established rule would the provision for gencral tight of pre-emption in the Teriitortes of Nebraska and Kansas operate ov a ropeal of the provision for the public sale of the h THE NEW YORK HERALD. PRICE TWO CBNTS3. ich there i the statute. tion accorded by the act of by repeal! reservations be- special rights reserved 10 tae Dike C) to ras phe pre-emptions of the lan Is jons m e ery, at Cave wih condition, and a; treet, £0 et padiic a 10- ton for their account and’ benefit, would be « vi da ae the treaties, a breash of trust, a fraud a yom e Ini /ga'nst 80 disprsing of the choicest leads at the minimbm price to settlers acd pre-emptioners, the treaties with rey Dene, and fowas have = resely provided an addi'ional gumrantee, sialon in reiation to the act of Mare "'s oor Bat hecause tbe Weaa, in their treaty, have unt an ticipated bad faith on the part of' tine Usites States, and expressly fen: ed ogainat it bs invoking to their aio the act of 1807, they are not, therefore, to be defrauded. The stipulations in the treatics: with the ae warez, Iowas, and Weas, respectieg the ceded to them upon trus: to have tte same sold @& public auction, and the net proceeds thereof paid over to them, ure too clear to be misunderstood. They sre tbeolutely incousi-cent pre-emptions in the Territories of Nebraska acd Kansar; granted by the oct of July 22, 1851, by reference te the opera tion of the art of September 4, 1841, must be re- thicted to lands other than those ceded by the Delawares, Jowas apd Weas, npon trus‘*to be aeld by the United States on account and for the benefié ‘of the Indians, ‘The “‘ontlet’'ceded by the Delawares is anbjeot to be located by pre-em} ners, becauszit is ex» copted from the lands to be surveyed and sold for the benefit ot tose 1odians. By thus limitirg the pre emptions to those land» in which the Ingians have no tit'e nor reserved ia- terest, the treaties with the Delnwares, lowas, and Weas will have their due effect, and the statnte fer grentipg preempticrs will olso have ite due and preper eflect ang force, witbout conflict with neg of the treaties, by action on the ether lands ceded by the Incisns. In waiving, as unvece: aud superfilaons in the present cese, apy discussion os to the relative ag- thority of these treaties and an act of Congress, let_ me not be understood as acceding to the doo trine that all stipulations of t caties are subject te be repealed or modified at any time by act of Cog- gresa. Without going into that question here, it fuffices to remark that cvery treaty is an expreas- compact, in the most solemn form in which the United States can make a compact Not to observe a treaty is to- violate a deliberate and express engagement. To. violate such engego- Toents of a treaty with any forcign power affords, o€ course, good cause of war. When Congress takes upon itself to disregard the provisions of any foreign trevty, itivfricges the same in the exercise of sov~ ercign rigtt, snd voluntarily accepts the casus belli, as when, in 1798, it annulled the treatics betweem the United States and (‘ranea. ‘There is distinction, undoubtedly, between a treaty with a toreign power and a treaty with Indiana, who are subjects of the United S:aios, Examoles way be cited of acts of Congress which operate ser as to modify or amend treaties with Iadiacs. A@ their sovereign and their guardian, we have ocoa- sionally assumed to do this, acting in their interests and our own, and not in such case violating engage- ments with them, but seeking to give 9 mow beneficial effect to such engagements; for though they be weak, and we streng, they subjects and we masters, yet they are not the less entitled te the exercise towards them of the most acrupuloux gocd faith on the part of the United States. It is net to be inferred, because Congress. may ime seme cases have modified by legislation this. or incicent of Indian relations for their benefit oe under paramount political exigency, that therefore Congress intended, before the ink had me on the treatles with the Dclawares, a8, Weait to violate those treaties, and to do this de- liberately and wantonly for the potty objact of em abling a fow individuals to obtain lands at a mint mum price rether than at tho price of a und go to inflict a wrong and @ loss to it on the Indians. 1 feel entixe confidence in the belief that Congress bad ro such discreditable intention in fact, and assuredly such is uot the legal intendment of the act cf Copgrese. _ As for the idea suggested in behalfof these inde vionals, that the act of Congress raises a contract letween the eettlers and vernment, it te = singwiar cbliquity of vision which perceives & con- tract in that act, and fails to see in the several treaties with the Indians. The obvious answer to the mibeeein is, that no implication of legislative contract between the government and individuale can be raived by a mere violation of law. Tu ne, my opinion is, that the act of Congress | gives pre-emption only in such of those lands cede® a8 are not required first to be offered at public sales that the lands ceded hyythet Delawares, lowas apd Weos, under condition of being firat offered at pab- Me sale, are no more opened to pre-emption by the act of Congress than was the military reservation at l'ort Leavenworth ; that those lands cannot be taken up by scttlers under claim of Paige tg ard that all claims of preemption there wili be merely void in law, and will confer no right, now or hereafter, on which to demand the issae of @ patent from the Commissioner of Public Lands. Moreover, it will he the duty of the Presideat to maintein, by force if need be, the Fe es faith of the United States in this behaif. Tam, eir, very re spectfully, your obedient servant. Cosine. Aon. Robert McCieciayy, Secretary of the In- terior. Fires in New York. ry Tineay- NTH SrrErr.—About three o'clock yese ernocn « fire broke out in the brewery and dis- ging to Mr. D. Stovenson, sitvated in th gtrect, corner of Tenth avenue, and notwith- extraordinary exertions of the firemen the eel €o rapioly that (he whole of the build ved. Mr. Steve resided with his family ‘ho brewery, and it wae wilh much dificnity that r Z igo and child escaped. ‘the fire increased eo quickly that scarcely ume was allowed them to crcapo, Mtr. te is stock and premises to be yalned at $20,000, on which he says he has an Sin the foNowing insurance offices == spirit tading fire. Lieutenant Hunn, of the Twentieth ward, together with jis men, wae very active duriag the fire, and the new Nogine Company No. 10 was there about oneof the first, and succeeded, with their associates, in preventing the from spresding ang further than the building im ey originated. | | Fmr rwron sTREE.—Petween four and five o'clocts | fire lace in a one atory |b inton atreot, oceu- ' il. The tre was i eet tire to tine had advanced vas wned by C.V. Del ng Was enlimated to be there Was we insurames ropeety was o . The b worth abort on either. Vater ALARM vel ae The clare of fre given last night, ved ts be k, for the Wghth district, pro res iu iy seventh street aod ourth etreet, comer of Tenth our paper of toix morning, seveeat 1 peel correction. Jngine 4 was the ficst 4 the only engine that got +97 and 45 gettlag their wa fourth street was -eton fire on the one iviog fn the Co. Ni persons Ilving ~ Hiomntty of the t! tof the 18th itens egain act on fire ond burnt to the ground, not beforeany- naelatance cov ld be had, but beoause there van bo = be f Engine 06 wna there coon after it at. Bog nnd] tender, Hook and Ladder ‘Tele No. 8 ¢ 43, Hore carriages 61 and 44, aod others net remembered, wore there in time to get to work had tere becom water to be b TL A. CILUWE: ean heging Co, B8 ' eMtigenee. i y lprastwent Pop As P —This asi id its regular 4: ting in the hone of ltercules Lngine Company n Monday cvoning. The Chirf hnzineer of tho ii artinen}, & A. lrench, presided. ft. Robinson, seera- tary of sociation, Ofieiated, The more important ere of busines were a determisation to pul 0 cre colar setting forth the crigin and condition of the fund, ands resolution to held monthly instesc of quarterly meotinge of the assoeiatton hereaCter. ‘ _ Cours —A young man named Thorens Carty, who had tarrived In the elty from North Mass., was at~ tacked with cholera on Monday nicht while staslog with, a ferily which resides in the veiiling in Sescex knownas ‘Canary Castle.’’ He was conveyed to Alms House liosptial yesterday. On Monday bye Tg lod named lily, about nino years of age, died of n in the boildings in Greon street known o# Murray’a buildings. le was the one epoken of yortenlay a6 lands of the Delawares, lowns and Weas. sick in that house. On the contrary, in euch cage the general right | piven yon Oneravorne 1m SwHwark.—Westerday Ro. of preemption would have to be construed as bert farrleon, , was fived five dollars for obatruct- ising only to thore lands which by the other ly ing the sidewalk Wub. Bavier, for (ue samme offence, wae. Ter theatiae’) were pot roverved Tor eeu olbts das, | usd pve dallre \