The New York Herald Newspaper, January 27, 1853, Page 4

NEW YORK HERAJ/y, ~ | NASSAU ATS. | PO aan nn THE DAILY VaRALD, 0%y'cenis per eopy—$1 per an- se THB WEEKLY HERALP, prery @FFICF N. W. CORNER OF FUTON ‘s dy Fed , OF $3 per UNNU | the Kwropean u imum tony part of © rea Britain and 98 to any Sf the Continent, both © ¥ ciude the postage. | eas ghee weeNO. 26. | ———== — AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING ‘OWERY THEATRE Bowery—Tun Logr Sur—Muce Masry. RROADWAY THEATRE Broadway—Noama~-PorrixG | ‘mas QuestioN. BURTON'S THEATRE, Chambers street—Ssnovs—Nriog0- Lae NIOKIRBY. NATIONAL THEATRE Chatham street—Evs oy WaTer: oo—Tux Lesr Cup— Birks THE BacMan. WALLACK’S THEATRE Broadway-thiss Hures— @nnsvs. WHIT®’S THEATRE OF VARIETIES, 17 and 19 Bewery— Romeo AND JULIE—Dep YOU svER SEXD YOUR ‘WIFE TO Bas KLIN. AMERICAN MUSHUM- Afternoon ~Gaverat Mom Tums —Forrune’s Frown, Evening—taint Heaxt Never Won Yam Lavy—Her 0’ My Tava. now eaaeys ore ore WOOD'S MINSTRELS, Weod's Mustod! “Hall, 444 Broed-| wey—nmorian Miverncisy GRCUS, 97 Powery—Bqumsraas EyeeeranvMents. HELLER'S SALOON, ‘599 Broadway—Nworomaxcy. corpus, and lodged in prison. . Some very curious proceedings took place at the mevting of the Massachusetts Anti-Siayvery Society, in Boston, yesterday. Among other things, the memory of Webster was deuounced in the most scandalous language. The trial of the colored m+.n, Enoch Reed, charged with having assisted in the rescue of the fugitive tlave Jerry, commer,ceé in Albany yesterday. The telegraphs furaish us with various railroad, steamboat, and nartime accidents, accompanied by loss of life, to "which we have no room to refer in de- tail. Dhomas QV Atcy McGee delivered a lecture last evening, at tte Tabernacle, in aid of the Catholic Tnstitute ofthis city. His subject was, “ The Poli- tical Causes and Effects of the Reformation.” He spoke, at-great length upon the condition of Europe at the commencement of the Reformation, and con- ten@ed that the Reformation was the cause of all'the blvod'that has been shed in Europe for the last three hundred years; and also that it has been the ‘means oft¢reating standing armies, high taxes, function- aves, and the revolutions which have racked that continent for such a tong period. He taaintained ‘fiat Protestantism tad never been the means of “converting a single tribe ofthe Indiaus of this con- {| tinent, whereas, if the Jesuits had Necn tolerated, they, from their Xong experience of Indian habits, could have easily saved'them. Yesterday evening Dr. Antisell delivered his last lecture on geology, at the Stayvesant Institute— subject, ‘The origin wad distribution of coal.” GEORSMA, 586 Brosdway—Baxvann's Payonaxa fms | He pointed out that coal beds arose from an exces- Bory Law, RISLAN’S THAMES, at 406 Breedway- ——— New York, Thursday, January 27, 253. The News. ‘The Collins #teamer Arctic arrived here “yosterday afternoon, with four days later news from Europe. ‘The most'impertant itemr-of the intelligence is the | remarks-on the condition of the fact that dehth has at lewgth put a perie@ to the suf- fevings of Francisco Magiai, the Florehtine, whose melancholy*history has‘fforded themes for newspa- per arti¢les and genera! orations. A #zspicion is en- tertained that the unfortunate mam ‘was poisoned. Amongstthe other tems of news trought by the Arctic; we find that rumors continue to prevail that ‘Gen: Cafiedo was tobe shortly recafied from the go- ‘vernment of Onba. We also learnthat the Emperor Mapoleon had entered with spirit into the project of establishing a line-of steamers between France and this'country; bute is suspected that this is merely a ruse 0 cover hie ulterior design of increasing the steam navy of France; and some color is given to the suspicion by the fact that the eontractors are to be bound over to lend their vessels to the government ‘when required,-and to sail them to and from Cher- bourg, the great naval entrepot. The other features sof the néws do not possess any very great interest; at for the details we must refer our readers to the page in which it appears, where they will also find -extracts frem articles in the English papers relative ‘to interesting subjects. Regarding the commercial mews, thé featore is the arrival in England of $5,000,- 00 in Australian gold and $1,500,000 in Mexican silver. The ‘resolutions of General Cass, relative to the ‘Monroe doctrine and Cuba, were again the great theme:of discussion in the United States Senate yes- terday. Mr. Seward, in commencing his speech, whieh’ we publish in fall, was disposed to condemn the venerable Senator from Michigan for having, es he alleged, some two years ago, abused the memory of the late John Quincy Adams, notwithstanding whieh he now comes forward with resolutions not only to reaffirm, but enforce, an important principle, of which that deceased statesman was in reality'the author. For this charge the New York Senator was eventually taken to task, and taught a lesson by Gea- ral C. that may hereafter be of service to him. While Mr.8. opposed his democratic colleagues concerning various minor points, he agreed with them regarding the main question, which is, that the Monroe policy ia correct, and its observance essential to the welfare of this country—that it forms an integral part of.the American system, and will be carried out by the people whether the resolutions in question shall be adopted by Congress or not. Like Mr. Soule, he thonght it impolitic to attempt to forestall the move- ments of the incoming administration by a declara- téon of what should or should not be the foreign policy of the government. That should, for the pre- sent, at least, be left to the discretion of the execu- tive. Nevertheless, he had determined to vote for the original resolutions, and glso for the amendment de- claring that this government will never permit the Canadian colonies to be held by any other European power than that of Great Britain. Upon the whoie, it was a very curious and extraordinary epsech, one that took sides with and against nearly every gentleman who has hitherto spoken on the subject. The reply of General Cass was extremely piquant, and showed that he had just grounds for characterizing the effort of the previous speaker ag the “most disingenuous he had ever heard from that gentleman—and that was saying a good deal.” The general debate which followed, between Messrs. Mason, Butler, Mallory and others, exhibits the great interest taken in the subject by all parties. Mr. Mason remarked, that if the reported colonization of Honduras. by the British should prove correct, we should then have a practical issue to work upon—it would then become our duty to denounce such pro- ceeding. This language, coming as it does from the Chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations, certainly sounds ominous. This matter is becoming | more and more exciting every day. A crisia is ap- | proaching. After considerable debate in the House of Repre- sentatives yesterday, that body refused, by a ma- jority of only three votes, to order the New York Branch Mint bill to a third reading. This will be re- gretted by a large number of the people of the United States; nevertheless, it is tobe hoped that the measure will yet be approved, in some way, before the close of the session. Upon going into committee on the Deficiency bill, a very spirited controversy sprung up with regard to the cha- racter of General Jackson. Mr. Venable, of the secession school, offred an amendment, ap- propriating five thousand dollars for the com pletion of the pedestal of the Jackson statue; to which Mr. Stanly, Union whig, proposed to add that the sum was “not only appropriated in honor of Gen. Jackson's military services, but also because of his devotion to the Union, as exhibited in his patriotic opposition to nullification and secession.” This wae like throwing a fire brand ‘nto a cask of gun- powder. Secessionism was dumb fo Various gentlemen having eulogised the character of the old hero aj sufficient length, the amendment was voted dowa. Towards the close of the proceedings the | members became quite excited, a genera! tumult pre- | vailed, and the House seems to have adjourned amid great confusion. With the exception of the passage in committee ‘of the whole Senate of the bill relative to the Broad- way Railroad, the proceedings in the New York Legislature were of but Mtle importance. This bill ‘was so amended as to make its application more general. Hon. W. R. King was at Key West on the 224 inst. | The accounts relative to his health are so contra- dictory that it was impossible to tell whether he was better or worse, Az we have hitherto stated would probably be the sive vegetable growth in preceding epochs, arma that this continent possessed the largest number of coal mines of any portion of the globe. He alluded to the manner of deposit of coal, the revelations of the condition of the globe as afforded by the mineral itself, and the causes of the di®erence in bituminous and anthracite coal, and concluded his address by globe when coal was formed. * Two medical students, named David E. Bass and W. XH. Irwin, both natives of Virginia, had a slight altercation im the lecture room of the Medical’ Col- lege, Fourteenth street, in this city, Tuesday night. In a short time, Irwin drew a bowie knife and inflicted several'dreadful wounds upon the person of Bass. He then ‘fled, and bas not been arrested. Bass is still in a-very critical state. A servant woman, nemed Anne Wolfe, in-a fit of temporary insanity, jumped from the roof of. a three story house, in Eleventh street, to the ground, Tues- day evening. She -meditated self-destruetion, but, strange to say, was not killed. She wasn the City Hospital last night, with but slight hopes of her ulti- mate recovery. The steam sawmills of Mr. H. Loveland, situate at‘the corner of Water street and Rutger’s slip, in this city, were entirely destroyed by fire last night, ‘with the entire stock and machinery, The loss is estimated at from $10,000 to $12,000. There is an ingurance. ‘We publish to-day a full and interesting report of the anniversary of Robert Burns. ‘The Democratic Review—J. Gi Bennett and the New York Herald—Young America and the Filibusters. The last issue of the Demotratic Review, a dou- ble number of some two hundréd and nineteen pages, of the most exaggerated democracy, is -before us. It is an extraordinary pamphlet, ina literary and political view, and, therefore, chal- -lenges something more than a passing notice of its contents; the more especially, considering its probable influence, more or less, in giving shape, form, and direction, to the general policy of “Young America,” under the incoming admi- nistration. The frontispiece of this “crack” number is an excellent portrait of Mr. James G. Bexnetr, the editor and proprietor of the New York Herap. It is the most creditable engraving thathas yet appeared in this Review, or perhaps in any other, of the lineaments and intellectual individuality of the mah. The young artist | who did this piece of work is fairly entitled to this acknowledgment. On the opposite page, vis-a-vis with the frontispiece, the caption of a lengthy article rather startles us with its point- ed brevity and flashing significancy, to wit:— “The Heratp—Onward!” The first six pages of this article are devoted to a Young American review of the political and physical progress of the United States, as contrasted | with the musty politics, traditions and ideas of the rotten monarchical systems of Europe. The writer then. after expatiating somewhat upon the progress of the democratic party in getting rid of its “old fogy mortgages,” introduces Mr. | Bennett, his “life-like portrait,” and * the | Heratp, ina rapid statement of the merits of the editor.and the superiorities as a newspaper of this journal. over all its cotemporaries, in- cluding even “the great thunderer,” the London Times. This. complimentary notice of Mr. Ben- | NETT and ‘his world-renowned Heraxp, we can- | not exclude from our columns. A sense of jus- tice due to both sides, forbids its exclusion. We therefore give it elsewhere in our columns, | to-day, as the cream of the cut and thrust. ram- bling, right and left, slap dashing article headed “The Heratp—Onward.” The article is finally wound up with a puff of General Pierce, and in urging him that the time has come, that he is the man. that his instruments are at hand, and that his policy is onward. And to this we say Amen! Onward is the word. Upon the whole. this extraordinary lead- ing paper of the Review covers too much groumi. It is too windy, too wordy, and too full of French transcendentalism and so- cialist theorizing. to leave anything but a con- fused impression on the mind of a historico- political jumbling together of all sorts of ob- jects, subjects, and characters, from Louis XIV, the Holy Alliance, and the Holy Father, down to William L. Marey, and the Washington Union and its $200,000 a-year for the Congress printing. Caleulated as the “life-like portrait” and the flattering opinions expressed of Mr. Bennett and the Herarp are, to disarm us of the weapons of criticism, we must still plead in extenuation of their exercise, the principles of justice, frankness, and independence, which have ever characterized Mr. Bennerr’s editorial career. _ His course, during the late campaign, was ‘ndependent, as in the campaigns of 1848, 1844, and 1840. He advocated the election of Gen. ease, Hon. Edward Everett, Secretary of State, has | been selected by the w members of the Massa- | chusetts Legis'atere, in caucus, as their candidate for the United States Se in place of Mr. Davis, | whose term expires on the 4t of March. | General Houston has been re-elected to the United Btates Senale by the Texas Legislature, menage mnajority. Great excitement has been produced in Philadel pia, in consequence of the arrest of a free negro sharged with enticing sJayes to desert their masters | Pierce, as best calculated to maintain intact the integrity of this glorious Union, and to crush the abolition agitators of the North and the secession disorgani of the South. He advocated Gen. Pierce's elec tion, because he stood in direct antagonism to W. H. Seward and his free soil, abolition, Pou rierite and agrarian allies, ofall sexes and colors, and their seditious schemes of agitation, dis union, and civil war. He sided with the de | mocracy because their platform, their traditions history and instincts, and their ideas of the tr | position and policy of our country, were mr cone with the age and its spirit of pro- the antediluvian neutralities of th perty. It was the true course of an inde pend and patriotic popular journal. The work has been done; but the Heraty con th Maryland. An attempt was made to convey the | ibie® now as it has been, the independent prisoner to Anne Arundel county to answer the © ponent of publi¢ sedtiment. and the daily charge, but be was brought back bya writ of habeay reflex of “the very age and body of the time.” It hae not been, and is not. under any oblig tions to the democratic party, ene eT: —————e = x <TR eer————S—_—ax'”?SOO OOO Oe ee SSD nt AY SC OO EIS i -- _ to inflict infinite mischief - without control. We do not approve of the * , citizens do appre; #Madway railroad—many ve i tend that the grant ‘oy tay of it. Some con a 7 ?,own rails is unconstitutional— cintrs hold “ine contrary. The legal question aside from the manifest duties Ond destiny of | is to be ‘vettied by the judicial tribunals of the this mighty republic; and if it cannot recog- nice the stupidities of “old fogyism,” not even the illustrated compliments of “ Young Amer*_ ca” can render it a silent witness to their ™ ai). cour wy; the advantage or disadvantage of the "oad is one that concerns the whole citizens, and for and against which much may be said. Let the citizens decide that point, in the event of the brained. reckless, and mischievous fib” stering | judiciary giving judgment against the injunc- propensities Mark time. There fy some method and s0v,¢ point in the tion. If the road is opposed to the interests of the paper on our foreign ministery, but the chapter | citizens, such @ power of public opinion can be on “The Cuban Debate ” which lately came off | brought to bear against it as will defeat it in the Senate, is a tedious diatribe against the alleged “ old fogy” not¥ons of Messrs. Cass, Ma- son, and Underwood, This assault, upon Gen. Cass particularly, appears to us to be without either provocation or purpose. In a postscript at the end of the magazine, however, it is somewhat modified by an explanation; but claiming thet the last progressive speech of the venerable Senator, ‘on Cuba and the Monroe doctrine,” is due to the “ advance sheets” of the Democratic Review. But while the main arti- cle on Cuba winds up with a wild, visionary, revolutionary harangue on Louis Napoleon and French‘politics, the postscript skips over fron Cuba into Mexico, to “hurry up the cakes” in that direction. ‘The “ Republican Sketches,” devoted to “ Ci- ‘ceroacchio, or the Roman Patriot,” blend with the woof of a highly-colored love story, the filling ‘of a most deliberate and methodical attack ‘upon the blessed Pepe, the anointed car- dinals, and the consecrated priesthood, of Rome and Italy. This ingenious device of political pamphleteering makes the characters of a love affair. involving several affectionate parties. the instruments of the argument and plot of the writer. Their main object is an ex- posure of the alleged deceitful. Jesuitical, and inhuman tricks and expedients by which the Pope and his church subordinates, and their agents and spies, broke down the Roman re- public of 1848. This malignant onslaught upon “the Holy Mother Church” could only have emanated from some unfortunate and exaspe- rated adherent of Mazzini and his unfortuate castle builders of Roman republics. Let him be “anathema maranatha.” There is no hope for him. \ Next we have a fragment of poetry, jn keep- ing with the visions of bloodshed, aad fixed bayonets, and barricades, and gleaming bowie- ‘knives which bristle upon every page. It is called «The Cannibal Feast. by George B. Wal- lis,” and we must say it isa miserable imitation of the dog scene in Byron’s “Siege of Corinth,” and, as a description, blunders and all, even more revolting. It is vile doggerel upon the vilest subject. But this fragment was doubt- less selected from the author's fugitive trash, because of the fitness of his Indian cannibals for the society of the other blood-thirsty cha- racters of the Review. They are all ~ hail fellows-well met.” The paper on “ The War in Hungary,” on the Kossuth side of the question, bas some value from the mass of historical testimony it groups London, we think the discussion of the subject so much waste paper. When a requisition is made for those forty thousand muskets. at two dollars a-piece. it will be time enough to make another stir for Hungary. The narrative of Louis Schlesinger, a Hun- garian officer under Lopez, in his last crack- brained and fatal filibustering expedition into beyond all question. The grant, if it were consummated to-morrow, and the rails laid down, is not irrevocable, like “the laws of the Medes and Persians, that alter not.” The com- pany make the road at their peril, and the very next Common Council, if the citizens are dis- eatisfied with it, can and will break it up; or if the company are deriving too much protit from the speculation, the city government can take it into its own hands, or they can so re- duce the fare 2s to produce an equivalent tothe people, whose trustees they are. But, say the Senate, where is the guarantee that you will have‘a’better Common Council next time, than the present? We answer—that is the business of the people; they can have a better Common Council if they want it. If it is not their own fault, they can elect just such men as will do whet is right. If they do not, then they have themselves to blame, and they alone are the sufferers. There is ample need of reform. There has been reckless waste and lavish expenditure fer years. But ‘the purification must be effected in New York, and not at Albany. We want to purify ourselves. The Legislature cannot do it by special legislation, even if it had the right to interfere. The only way in which the Legislature can give any assistance is by letting the people help themselves, and by amending the charter. giving the citizens addi- tional checks over corruption. Something that will strike at the root of the matter is what is wanted, and not a bungling interference in de- tails. The primary elections are the source of the evil. Let them be purified. How? There are two ways in which that consummation may be effected. In the first place, let the judicial be separated from the legislative power in the Board of Aldermen. Let no Alderman be a magistrate. Here is the vital point. The row. dies agree to nominate and elect the men that will discharge them when arrested by the po- lice, or in case that is not done, the men who are sitting on the bench at the Court of Ses- sious will inflicta mere nominal punishment. ‘Take away the inducement from the rowdics, and they will not take the trouble of electing these corrupt men. There is a second remedy, which, as an auxiliary to this, would be very effectual,.and that is, not to have the Assistant Aldermen elected from the same wards as the Aldermen, and by the same votes. As that Board is now constituted, it is no check what- ever upon the Aldermen. But if the As- together ; but we were surfeited by the “ great sistants were elected by districts, consisting Magyar” with the sad disasters of his country ; of two or three wards, analogous to the and as he is now quiet, on the “ retired list’ in | Assembly districts, there would be some guarantee that they could not be operated upon by the same class of politicians, just as, in the first instance, they could not be elected by them. Thus the two boards would never be all of the same politics, and would never go to- gether as they do now. Let the Legislature do something of this kind, and they will do what is useful and salu- Cuba, though not without interest, is also a | tary ; but let them not venture upon so arbitra- little behind time. Young America should keep up with the locomotive. The chapter on “* Absolutism versus Republicanism,” has for its moral, that Absolutism will destroy Na- poleon the Third, as it destroyed Napoleon the First. Anything for a fight. The organ and oracle of ‘Young America” closes the terrible work of this double number in a dissertation on “Political Religion—the Brownson Order and Catholicity.” Plainly, the object of this fiery onslaught is the exter- mination of the Catholic church, root and branch, in the United States. But our patience, our endurance, and our charity are here ex- hausted. We close the book, and cross our- selves, or turn back to the genial and welcome face of Mr. Bennett, to exercise the evil spirits we have had around us. We feel, after skimming over the two hundred pages of this rabid demo- cracy. as if awakened from some horrible dream beset at every step with Jacobins and scenes of blood. and guillotines in full ‘play, and “canni- bal feasts,” and savage fillibusteroes, glowering in the darkness, bearded to the waist and armed to the teeth, waiting but the signal for down- right murder. But what says the church to this fearful heretical organ of “Young Ameri- ca’? Let Archbishop Hughes, father of the faithful. look to it in time. The Independence of New York City=The True Way to Reform. The attempt made in the Senate of this State to interfere with the rights and privi- leges of the citi of New York. by special le- gislation. has excited a great deal of indignation among all classes—among those opposed to the Broadway railroad as well as those in favor of it. This subject has been one of the absorbing topics of conversation on ‘Change, in the courts, at the City Hall, and in every circle. The ques- ture sitting at Albany, and but a few members of which represent New York, interfere with our local concerns, of which the citizens are the only competent judges? Will they at- tempt to violate the city charter, which dele- gates the power to the Common Council to make all laws regulating our streets, and delegates to the inhabitants the power to elect those men to the Common Council whom they deem most eli- gible to take care of the interests of the city? The conclusion at which every one arrived was, that in that case there might as well be no char- ter at all, for it became a dead letter. and of no practical value whatever. if the Legislature could come in at every step and interfere with the action of the people, either for good or for evil This reasoning is unanswerable, and the char- ter would be but “a mockery, a delusion, anda snare,” if every man who had an axe to grind could go to Albany and lobby there against any Measure that the Common Council considered for the advantage of the city—a measure, per- Laps, about which the whole citizens were unani- mou As we said before, we are opposed to the Broadway railroad; but under the mask of preventing one evil, we do not want to let in a principle that would forever bar all fature good, only just so far as the dictators at Albany thought proptr to dole it out as a charity, while it wonld give them at the same time the power ry and anti-republican a course as to interfere between the Common Council and their con- stituents in reference to particular acts. If they do. we shall promulgate “a declaration of independence” for New York City. and not only for it, but also for Staten Island and Long Island—these three islands to constitute a separate. independent. and sovereign State. More unlikely things have happened than this. The State of New York is already overgrown— its population is now greater than the popula- tion of the whole country at the time of the Re- volution. A division may be called for sooner than the corrupt Senate at Albany is aware, Verbum sat. They have threatened a revolu- tion in New York at the point of the bayonet— they will soon, perhaps, have a bloodless revolu- tion without bayonets. Ovr Forrrcn Posta Anrancements—Re- TALIATORY MOVEMENT OF THE PosTMASTER-GE- NERAL.—The recent patriotic, democratic, soul- stirring speeches which have resounded in the walls of the United States Senate chamber, have not only reverberated through the country, and aroused the warlike spirit of the American people, but have penetrated into the Post Office Department, and stimulated its officials into an attitude indicative of a full comprehension of our national importance, and a determination to maintain our rights. A new light has been cast upon our foreign relations by Messrs. Cass and Mason, so strong as even to illumine the dark crannies of the Post Office, and to enable the head of that department to sec matters from a new and truer point of vision. Under the light thus afforded. the fact has at length im- pressed itself on the mind of the Postmaster General, that, for a long time back, England has been levying an undue tax upon letters and newspapers passing through between France tion asked by every one was—Will a Legisla- | and the United States; and it was resolved by that personage to submit to this imposition no longer, but to turn over a new leaf, and not to take matters ¢0 quietly as we were wont. This new idea, thus awakened in the mind of the Postmaster General, has been already put into active operation. On the spur of the occa- sion, a cartel was issued from the department dated 24th January, 1853. ordering that henceforth ‘the single rate of United States postage on all letters to and from France through England. be twenty-one cents. and on all newspapers four cents, euch postage to be collected in and retained by the United Stat The order was put into immediate application, the new rates having been charged on the mails forwarded yesterday by the Arabia. The measure is at once a hostile and retalia- tory one. fully justified, or, rather, imperatively demanded by the imposition practised by the English Post Office Department in the trausmis- sion of the mails to whieh the order has refe- rence, It seems that a charge of sixteen cents was levied in England on all single letters pasa- ing through between France and the United | States. whether they were conveyed to or from | England by a Collins or Cunard steamer. If | sent by the latter this fee franked it through, but if by the former, then the ordinary sixteen cents ocean postage had also to be paid. Thus while the cost of a letter sent by the English postage. that of one forwarded by the American line was thirty-two cents; 20 that, in fact, the levying of this tax was a probibitory one as re- lated to the Collins steamers. To meet this un- fair preference, the order which has now come into force levies an indiscriminate tax of twen- ty-one cents on.all letters to aud from France. whether conveyed by an Engli-h or American yeesel, or in other words, imposes an extra tax + of sixteen cents on such as are seut by the Cu- | nard line, thus assimilating the cost of either mode of transmission. This is the first regular note of defiance and retaliation that has been sounded by our gov~ ernment against that of England since the deli- vering of the famous war speeches to which we have alluded. We have no doubt that we owe this declaration of rights to the persuasive elo- quence of the democratic orators in the Senate; and we hope that all other departments of our government will manifest the same “pluck,” and ‘be swayed by the same spirit. which we have seen exhibited by that of the Post Office. There are stirring times ahead. Tue Crisis iv Mexico—The news which we publiched yesterday, of the resignation, by Gen. Arista, of the Presidency of Mexico, brings that wretched revolutionary country to another City Intelligence. Yue WeATHEK—SeppEn Cr Inrevxe Coup.—The ili, hit snow of Tuesday night did not continue after half yast 11 o'clock, when ky beesme clear and the night Ye terday morning opened with a fresh wind, intensely cold. We re glassy with {ce. ilding rauged—At 7 $5 ats P.M, 23 - evening clovd in, the » point, and few could ined ‘with the severe thermometer stood at tat 16 deg. Atthe uded the wind still ~ esa calm. Diowing wet north sest, an had a heen frost, and the stree ce, COU u A Kew AMOSG 4 Ocrons—seutous StaBMING CASR— suany Practics. =A Very desperate encounter took on’ ‘Tie day night, betwcen two students graduating at the: Medieul College of thi city, situate in Fourteentt street, Third aven ve. years (hat a difficulty arose be~ p fwo vo named David 2, Base and W. H both na i jon. it had Drogroseed a lit ddenly 469 inlfe-ad streck at Baap With it. inflicting «me very seve wounds upon, a son, which are 1ow likely to prove fatal to bis became quite ‘aint, and wax conveyed to his bow treet. between Virst avenue and avenue A, by his friend.. Upon information of this dreadful oc- currence reaching the station house of the Seventeenth: ward, Capt. Harti, accompanied by officers Robins and. Flder, proceeded to the boarding house, and took a record of ull the particulars of the case. Irwin also boarded in the same house but after a very diligent search, the officers failed to find him, The police are still upon the alert, but at a le‘e hour last night they had not succeed- house, in Yenth crisis. Arista for his own safety, has no doubt acted wisely. He isa gentleman who, having resided for some time in the Unted States, and having enjoyed the advantages of wealth, leisure, travel, and observation. and being: above all, a man of enlarged, liberal, and pro- gressive ideas, was too far in advance of the degraded elements of Mexico to suit them. We may now expect, with some certainty, the re- turn of Santa Anna to the acclamations of the leperos, and with the re-investment of his for- mer title of Benemerito de la Patria, or “the well-deserving of his country.” On his return, we may prepare for some important doings in the foreign relations of Mexico. It will be- come, perhaps, the first and most pressing duty of the new administration to take into hand the permanent settlement of the troubles of that unhappy country. The fruit is ripening’very fast. ; etecen rat The Tammany Society—The Hard Shells and the Soft. In compliance with the call in yesterday's Heratp, the members of the Tammany Society met at French's Hotel, Tammany Hall having been refused to them by Mr. Browne, of the hotel, in consequence of the order of the Saehems. Being thus denied the use of their own hall, the members of the order of St. Tammany vowed vengeance against the Sachems, who, it is alleged, have exercised a power that does not belong to them. Furious speeches were made against them, and, when the effervescence somewhat subsided, Mr. Cornelius Bogardus moved, in which he was seconded by G. H. Stri- ker, that a committee of seven be appointed for the pur- of drawing up & protest against the course pursued the Council of Sachems, and resolutions expressive of thelr indignation at the injuries dome to the society, and the insult offered to its members by the action ot the Sachems. The motion was adopted. and the following were appointed the committee :—C. 8. Bogardus, G. H. Striker, | tain sucee Jacob Brush, Thomas Whelan, Joseph Cornell, James W. Walsh, Abraham W. Purdy—the committee to report at the noxt meeting, which it is understood, will take place on Friday next. ‘The Executions To-morrow at the Tombs, HOWLETT, SAUL AND JOHNSON, TO BE HANGED FOR THE MURDER OF CHARLES BAXTER. The fatal hour is rapidly approaching when the three culprits, Saul, Howlett and Johnson, are to end their earthly career on the gallows, for the crime of murder. To-morrow (Friday) is the day designated 6y law for their execution; and never have we witnessed so much public feeling on the near approach of capital punishment since the time of John C. Colt. In these executions much anxiety and speculation exists in the community, as to the manner and deportment of the criminals on the day of execution. Their extreme youth—the oldest being only twenty-two years, and the others nineteen and twenty— tends to increase the public interest, and enlist a deep sympathy in the bosom of the philanthropist. On the other hand, the public must not forget to ex- tend some pate of sympathy towards the murdered man, whose life they so wantonly sacrificed, leaving his wife and family destitute, There are always two sides in such matters to be considered; and we trust the public in this instance will extend that sympathy towarda the dis- tressed family of the murder man as the dictates of their hearts will permit. During yesterday the condemned were visited by their relatives and immediate friends. Saul has a mother and sister living, who visit him daily. Howlett has a mother, brother and sister; and Johnson has a sister who is very attentive to him—beth his parents are dead. Howlett is a Catholic; Saul and Johnson are Protestants. Considerable anxiety was manifested during the day by the prisoners, respecting a message from the Governor, from whom they expected a respite; but up to a late hour last evening no word bad arrived, and it is now fully be- lieved that Governor Seymour will not extend any cle- mency, but permit the just mandate of the law to take its course. Sheriff Orser visited the prisoners last evening, and ad- yised them to prepare themselves to meet their doom, it was very doubtful if the Governor intended to iater- fere in their behalf. Saul expressed a desire that the sheriff would permit three of his (Saul’s) friends to see him this day. The sheriff said he would grant the re- quest. ‘The Bark Marictta—Curious Document from Jerusalem. The bark Marietta, Captain Capurcus, arrived here» few days ago from Jerusalem. The vessel stopped at Malta on her way, where she took eargo, and arrived here afew dayssince. Her register is one of the mosi curious documents we have ever seen. It is signed by the Patri- arch of Jerusalem, and stamped with his seal. This seal is a very curious and ancient piece of workmanship ; it is composed of five erosses—a large one with four small ones surrounding it. The seal is supposed to be about one thousand years old. At the head of the register, which is a piece of parchment, is the coat of arms of Je. rusalem, with five crosses—the same as on the seal, and the words “Mont Sion in Jerusalem,” encircling them. At the bottom of the large cross are two naked arms, with ‘a emallcrons inthe centre. The paper is endorsed by the Turkish Consul at Malta, dated Feb. 29, 1852, un- derneath is the coat of arms of the Ottoman Empire, with a crescent in the centre. Below is a copy of the register, which we have translated from the original Latin :— TRANSLATION. F. Bernardinus De Montefranco, Father over the Seraphic Province, Provincial Minister, Guardian of Holy Mount Sion and of the Holy Sepulchre of Jesus Christ, Visiter General and Guardian of all the Holy Land, and Vicar General and Humble Servant in the Lord, of the Most Iustrious Remus, Patriarch of Jerusalem— To our very much beloved in Christ, Blasius Moysius Peter Capurcus, Captain of the Jerusalemite bark called ietta, whose U pckiieg is James Montanus :— ¢ condition of our profession so far forbids us to bestow worldly favor~ upon any one, that we cannot render tem- poral proofs of the gratitude we owe. But the benignity of the Holy See, moved by bowels of maternal compassion to open the inexhaustible treasures of its own bounty, has mercifully granted that the superiors of the Holy Land respectively may, and have power to requite tem- poral benefits with «piritual recompense, in the case of those persons who bave eminently deserved it, and are living in the faith of the Holy Roman Catholic Chureh. We, therefore, by Divine mercy, and by the grace of the Holy See, although discharging, with merits unequal to it, the duties of this prelacy, by which we respectively guide the reins of the Fast at this present time, in con- sequence of previous manifold testimony of your Catholic faith, th of your morals, and your benevolent ed children of the stigmatized Francis the Seraph ofor your gratuitous transportation of the rame to various regions of the world, (since in our pre ou make known to us your desire of hoisting on yor aforesaid the glorious standard of the Holy and disposed towards you, and desirous ng kindly jo your wishes, by the tenor of these presents, by the authority which we exercixe, we grant you per- mission to unfurl the aforesaid standard, consisting of five red ero-ses on a white ground, viz.: the royal stand- ard of this Holy Land, whieh is bedewed with the most pre- cious blood of Jesus Christ, and to raise it on the of your gallant bank, for which may the sea be calm, may the winds be propitious, and may a harbor be present. Bat we enjoin all and singular, of whatever degree and condi- tion, whet her of imperial or of kingly majesty, or what- ever other heighth of exalted station, exceliency, and nobi- li'y, surpasring in splendor according to the gradations of power, that these presents may have equal effect every- where throughout the world. Moreover, we exhor: by the bowels of the merey of our God, all commanders of ships, of whatever kind they may be, avd the governors of all forts, ports and States, that they snffer no damage to be sustained by you, or your erew, or your, effects, or permit you to be assailed ;) but that they deem you posiessed, ax you are, of the ever living word of the Cross, worthy of being honored, de- fended, and venerated. ‘And in order to your more cer. we have decreed that this letter be con- ir own hand and bear onr great seal firmed und Farewell in the Lord, and continually give your filial service to the Holy Church, and show your kindness to our brethren. Dated at the Holy City of Jerusalem, from the Convent of the Most Holy Saviour. on the 28th day of July, 1849. Beal of the Five Crosses, conristing of ove large (s and four small, one in each angle of the large Cross. By ¢ igned,) F, BRRxARDINU® 4 MONTEYRANCO, Guardian of the Holy Land, line was only sixteen cents for land and se lor of Remus, Father in Christ if d, F. JOANNES A POUZO, Secretary of the Holy Land. edinarresting him. Upon inquiry, we heard that the quarrel origins a trivial contradiction relative to the owners} ip of lical book. When words ran high, Tiwin took out th e, and winding it in true Southern. fashion, rushed \ on Bass. He stabbed him once in the back, near the le't shoulder, and again in the left arm, between the shoulder and elbow, where the knife made a deep, long and winding wound of the most dangerous na- ture, as it revered thiee arteries im its course. The fin- gers of Mir. Bass’s left hand are literally cut to piecss, for in his efforts to protect his person he mapesienly, caught. hold of theknie in his naked hand. Upon inquiry last night, we found tlat he was still lying in a most critical position, and that the medical men giveno decided opin- ion ay to his ultimate recovery. Serious Conrracranion in Water Street.—At a quarter to eight o'clock, last evening, the people residing in the neighborhood. observed a thick smoke to issue from the three story brick building situate upon the corner of Rutgers slp and Water street, having an extensive front- age oneach, The house was used by Mr. H. Loveland ag a steam saw mill, corpentinle and turner’s shop, and had a small building atiached, in which sail and spar making was carried on. ‘The premises were closed for the night, but it is suppored that the flames originated upon the ground floor. The doors were burst open, an alarm given, and an Gaapere ere. a if esohy in froma ance, but owing to the quantity of wood, machinery, earing, and other combustible stock, piled and arranged in the building, the flames spread from floor to floor, and . burst through the roof ina short space of time. The house numbered 76 on Rutgers slip, and 516 in Water street, was most fortunately detached from any other building except upon the last named street. The build- ing was so completely wrapped in flames at half pent eight o'clock that the burning brands were thrown to a considerable dist»nce, and the exertions of the firemen: were directed to the pre rvation of the surrounding pro- perty. In this they happily succeeded, although the gro- cery store ot Mr. H. Jager, opposite, ran much danger from the sparks. Ata quarter to nine o’clock the chim- ney of Mr. Loveland’s house, with a great portion of the walls, fell in with a terrible crash, and the fire was soon after extinguished. The loss of Mr. Loveland, instock and. aachinery, is estimated at $8,500; the building about $3,500. Both are insured. Several tenants, to whom he rented room and power, lost their stock, packing boxes, &e., but_we could not ascertain if they were ured. Captain Merritt, of the Seventh ward, anda large body of poliee, attended. Fink aT THE Qt. Sraren Istanp—The Health Officer's boat house, at Quarantine. took fire yesterday afternoon, about three o'clock, and was enterely des- troyed. It was supposed to have originated from tho: stove. AnNoTHER.—The house No. 50 Laurens street, was discov- ered to be on fire at six clea on Tusceyieten . It ori- ginated from tho carelessness of some of the many inmates by whom it is inhabited. No alarm was given, as the fire wan extinguished by officer Ji M. Miller, of the: Eighth ward, assisted by the people, Damage trifling. MERCANTILE LimraRY APsocuATION.—A meeting of the members of this association, opposed to » removal of its present location, was held last evening in the lecture room, Clinton Hall. On motion, J.. Thom: Young was appointed Chairman, and Matthew O’Malley Secre- tary. After some discussion, the following preamble and resolution were unanimously adopted:— Whereas, the question of removal or non-removal of this library was, previoustethe last annual election, fairl placed before the members of this association, through the public newspapers; and whereas, at the election, a majority of votes was cast removal; therefore, ‘esolved, That the decision of the members final, no change can be made until the next annual meeting. Lavina A CORNER STONS a? THE Five Porvrs.—This after+ noon, at 2 o'clock, the exercises of ln the corner- ite of the Old. stone of the new building up on the Brewery, will commence. reel will be laid —- Janes, and Rev. Dr. Dewitt, Rev. Dr. Potts, and Kennaday, will deliver the addresses upon’ the ceeasion.. The addresses will take in the temporary school room just erected in the little park at the Five Points. ‘Those who will not be presemt at the ceremonies of laying- the corner-stone, to contribute towards defray the ex- penses of the new building, are infermed that the books of the society are he for any sums which may be offered: for that purpose. Money sent to the Ladies Home Mis- Losers gs ed or to their missionary at the Five Pointa, must be delivered or directed to Rev. J. Luckey. = WEEE Catena oes ARRANGEMENTS.—The Harlem ‘ailroad Ce y yest commenced new a: = ments in panning their pa trains between this ig and Albany. They are hereafter te start from the new depot, fronting Centre, White and Elm streeta, leaving at 9A.M., and 3% P.M. The fare has also been reduced on this route to the extraordinary low rate of $1 to Al- bany. The accommodation trains of this road are to start from the City Hall station, as formerly. Sarg or Tax Soctery Lisrary Buripive.—We refer our ree to the Die eee ne of valuable adway pro A ,) at the Merchants” Trovivek today. Exchange, at A New Ferry 1o Straten Istaxp.—The Committee on» Navigation have reported to the Senate in favor of a new: ferry from this city to Staten Idaad. The boats are to ber run in connection with the Staten Island Railroad Com- pany. Miurary.—The Sailmakers’ Guard, Captain D. N. Holly, accompanied by Adkins’ Band, went on their target ex- cursion yesterday. | They nunibered thirty-six musketa, and made a very fine appearance, both aw regarded dis. cipline, arms, and uniform. Tus Rervsiican Ririzs—This is the name of the rifle corps of which Mr. T. F. Meagher has accepted the coloneley, and not the “Irish Rifles,” Mr. Meagher, we Leet paving crane to command any regiment Ww & sectional name, accordingly suggested the above title, which was acceded to. tiny CARY ig ATremp? at Szir-Desrrucrion.—A woman, Ann Wolfe, who had been Sepia for some time pastas a servant in the: family of Mr. Darby, No. 99 Eleventh street, went out at the top of the dwelling, on Tuesday evening, and threw herself to the ground, was taken up alive, but most dreadfully injured. The officers of the Ninth district po- lice conveyed ber to the City Hospital, where she now lies; but no hopes are entertained of her recovery. No cause is known to prompt her to such a deed. She war still alive at anadvanced hour last night, to the aston- ishment of every person acquainted with the case. It ie supposed that the woman was seized with a sudden fit of insanity, as she was at her work as usual some few hours Previous to the attempt upon her own life. Fwuypoat Accipent.—About half-past six o'clock, on Tuesday evening w gentleman named Wolfe, residing at Hoboken, leit the cabin of the James Watt ferryboat, re- marking, “that it was too hot for him in there,” and walking to the bow of the vessel he fell overboard. Mr. Shumway, the engineer, immediately stopped the boat but at this time the man was floating astern. A small boat was then jowered and he was rescued from the water and brought aboard apparently lifeless. He was restored after much care ond attention, but had no recollection. of how he got into the water. Wacon Accrpext.—A horse, with a Tight wagon at- tached, took fright on Tuesday evening, in Ninth street, near the Bowery, und when dashing along at a rapid pace, he knocked down a boy, who was carrying a basket of crockery ware, near the corner of the street, and in- jured him ‘very veverely. The boy was in the’ employ- ment of Mr. Hagley, owner of a crockery store in the Bowery, near Fourth street, to which place he was con- ng by officer Sherwood, of the Seventeenth ward po- ice. Boy Drowxx.—Frederick Nelloy, a French boy, be- bets to the pilot boat Jabez Witinms, fell over! <4 yesterday, from the above vessel, and was lost. IsHUMAN V’areN1s.—Officer Keenan, of the Twentieth ward, found a very fine little girl, named Bridget Gilles- ie, wandering through the streets at a late hour on ednesday night, destitute, and nearly perishing from thecold. ‘She had been abandoned here by her unnatural parents. The officer took her before Justice McGrath, who ordered her to be cared for. STREET I11.vFes.—About five o'clock on Wednesday even ing, aman named Magnus Keel fell in a fit at the cor- ner of Grand street and Clinton. He was taken up, and medical aid (ee by officer Hood, of the Thirteenth Nor hod afterwards took him to his residence in Cathe- rine street. Court Calendar—This Day. Sovenjon Covs.—(Two branches. )—Nos. 157, 207, 36 205, 219, 02, 266, 219, 302, 904, 306, 906, 308, 315, 323° 124, 155, 166, 288, 628 32%,’ 828," 320,” 330, 391, 332% 338, 885, 836, 437, 339, S42, 343, 344, 345, 340) 347, $8, 240, 861, 862, 353, U54,"2 Una Sranss' Dernier Covrn—Nos. 22, 30, 95 to 98, 40, to 43. [This is the last day for filing notes of inaue for the February term.} HUvnEwk Covi —Circult—Nos. 52, 61, 48, 12, 70, 71, 84, 85, 18, 43, 90 to 94 District of bla Bank Notes Purchased. —Bank of the United States, Citizens’ Bank, Columbia Pank, Fastern Vank, Railroad Bank, and Merchants’ Bank—ail of Washington, A. R. THOMPSON, No. 9 Wall street, corner New. Chorles’ London Cordial Gin, Distilled Ea~ cially for, and imported solel: by, B.C. CHARLES, No, 7 Park place. §., for its medicinal qa ilities, or as a delicht- ful beverage, the best article in the market. For sale at every bar in'the city, ve. Wigs and Toupeces.—Batchelor’s New Style ba! bly Lk ge the most perfect imitation of na- ure yet invented. ‘Those wanting a very superior article should call at GATCHELOR'S celebrated: wig factory, No. 4 Wall street, where ean be found the largest and beet areortment in the city, Copy the address,