The New York Herald Newspaper, July 20, 1852, Page 4

Se | ARRIVAL or THE STEAMSHIP HUMBOLDT, nee FOUR DAYS LATER FROM EUROPE. Interesting Golden Statistics from Australia, OUR LONDON CORRESPONDENCE, @pinions in England on Gen. Scott's Womination. THE FOURTH OF JULY IN FRANCE, &e., &e., &e. The United States mail steamship Humboldt, Oapt. J. D. Lines, arrived at this port at half past7 @’clock yesterday morning, after a passage of eleven days nize hours and thirty minutes from Cowes Roads. The Humboldt left Havre at 10 A. M. on the 7th jest., and, having crossed the English channel, touched off Cowes at 10 o'clock of the same evening, and haying taken on board the English mails and passengers, sent from Southampton on a special steamer, immediately proceeded on her voyage. ‘The H. brings the usual mails, 99 passengers, and 600 tons of goods, valued at $1,500,000 to $2,000,000. Among her passengers are Judge Carlton, of New Orleans, and lady; J. T. Bryan, Esq., bearer of despatches from the United States Legation at Paris; Prince Lubomirsky, and Mrs. Zesulawssky, the sister of Kossuth, her husband, and three children The H., for the most westerly winds. The British steamship America, from Boston and Halifax, reached the Mersey on the 4th iust., at eight o’clock in the evening. The Coll steamship Baltic, hence, arrived at Liverpool on the 7th. at 7 A. M. The Queen and court had removed to the roy summer residence of Osborne, Isle of Wight. When the Humboldt left, the general elections throughout the country were in full progress nd would be entirely concluded withia ten Whether this contest would definitively sett) important political questions at issue between the government and the country, could not, at so early asiage, be decided. It is certain that much bitter political feeling existed, and both the conser and liberal sides were using the most strenuous exertions to obtain the mastery. The con. test wae, unhappily, also embittered by religions and sectarian animosities, particularly in the North andin Ireland, and this feeling seemed to bode that the elections would not pass off without grave dis- turbances. The London Herald (the organ of the Conserva- tive Derby party) estimates that in the new Parlia- ment the government would have a majority of over 150. This was however known to be incorrect, and, to the last degree, imprebable. While some go 80 far as to say that Lord Derby would find himself in a considerable minority, it was generally thought that the election would result in a pretty even ba- lance of political power between the conservatives and the opposition. A few days will bring us more specific information from England ; meantime, even in the heat of the preparations for our own Presi- dential election, all parties on this side cannot help watching with deep interest the progress of the great struggle which has been renewed, and is in active operation, in the British Empire, between aristocratic ideas, and liberal if not democratic ten- dencies. The advices from the Rontinent are totally devoid of interest. The disease in the vines and clive trees has re- sppeared in different parts of Piedmont, and has committed great ravages. Several hundred gail of vessels, which had fora jong time been windbound off Cabrita Point, nea, Gibraltar, were enabled to pass the Straits on the 28th ult., and proceed to their destinations, in con- Fequence of the Jong-expected easterly wind having commenced to blow. The St. Ubes salt monopoly was considered at Lisbon as suppressed, as American, Englieh, R sian, and other vessels were already loading upon the same terms as Portuguese, and the troops were about to return to Lisbon. The quarterly returns of the revenue which were published on the 5th July, exhibited the pr state of the finances of the kingdom, and the ordinary elasticity of the resources of the country under the constant reductions of duties and removals ef imposts. The customs showed an increase of £183,946, the excise an increase of £23,706, the stamps an increase of £101,331, and the property tax an increase of £80,110. The Eastern Steam Navigation Company, of London, had proposed a plan to their shareholders Sor building two steamships, 700 feet long and 14,000 tons burden; each vessel to have two sets of paddle wheels, and a screw propeller of an aggregate power of 3,000 horses. These vessels are to run from Milford Haven to Alexandria, and from Suez to Calcutta. It is assumed that they will go t the rate of thirty miles an hour, and will cost £350,000 or $1,750,000 each. The weather in England was magnificent for the harvest, and the corn market in Mark lane was ex- peedingly dull. English wheat declined Is. to 2s. yer quarter. Very little business was done in foreign wheat, the turn being decidedly in favor of the buyer. Flour, both French and American, hangs heavily on hand, and a decline had to be submitted vo to tempt buyers. The money market was unaltered; capital abund- ant; bullionincreasing in the bank. Stocks and shares rather dull, but prices firm. More confidence in gold shares. The approaching elections were in- terfering with trade in the manufacturing districts. Businese was limited at Manchester and Leeds, with prices in favor of the buyers. At Nottingham, there wae a slight increase ef operations; but the home trade was dull. At Bradford, more doing. At Birminghaw, less activity, arising from local causes. The Irish linen trade unchanged. Havre cotton market dull and declining. At Liverpool, the cot- ton market was decidedly flat on the 5th inst., with sales of 6,000 bales; sales on the 6th, 5,000 bales. J’rices unchanged. of the passage, had strong Our London Correspondence. Lonpon, July 6, 1852 The Elections in England--Some of the Candidates --The Religious Element—American Ships Char- tered ly the English Government for Australia, &e. & The tocsin hae at length sounded through the land, and the good people of England, at command oftheir Queen, are up in arms, some to vote, but the greater part to look on at the voters as they go to the polls, and shout at those who give in votes on their side, and groan at the others. How very @ifferent a Queen’s speech is from a President’s mes- sage. All that the people care about here, appa rently, on the occasion of a Queen's speech, is to see the show, and it certainly is a brilliant sight, and an imposing spectacle, when her Majesty leaves Buck- ingham Palace, in the Park, to go in royal state to meet her loyal subjects, the Lords and Commons, in Westminster. The fine weather having just set im, after incessant rains and cold weather, and it having become suddenly hot—as hot as the dog days ‘at New York—the scene on this last occasion, as you will have perceived from the long accounts in the papers, was truly magnificent, and to those who admire the trappings and gaudy exhibitions of royalty, must have been admi- rable. Residing not far from the Park, though early on the ground, I found the place already filled with an immense expecting crowd, and all we could do was to catch a glance as+the precession along the wi enue of Bt. James's. The wen is very popular, as ever, and was greeted on ber with vociferous cheers. Jt was a grand sight. The elections in the variour boroughs, cities, ud country toner, G9 Bot take pier, ap With yon, sizoultaneously, on one day, and at one timo, but one after the other, at different times, so that there is & constant succession of excitement kept up for a long period. One of the most interesting spots in the wide camp throughout the land. which is now in commotion, is called the Tower Hamlets, which is a large area in and around Londoa, numbering about 80,000 houses, the tenants of which are enti- tled to a vote. Before the Reform bill was passed, none of these hamlets or distriete were represented, and now it is the mort liberal and democratic eon- ituency in the kingdom. eo several condidates who have been bronghs forward, pere are tw@remarkable persons, vot alto gether nown in America, who are prominent candidages in this section, Tnese two are the noto- rions George Thompson, and the no less notorious Robert Newton, the hero of the late turn out of the amalgamated workmen. This man‘is aremarkable ingtance of the gullibility of the people, and how designing men make them a catspaw for their own advancement. A few years ago he was a poor working mechanic in the North of England ; he is now a gentleman, with a handsome iacome ; as the secretary of a moneyed corporation, a great insur- ance company, resides in one of the handsoine squares of London, and is a candidate for Parlia- ment. The history and the means by which he has raised himself to this position are.as follows :—Hav- ing distinguished h mself among his fellow work- men, in the North, as a great advocate of Mr. Owen’s peculiar views of society, and having, in fact, made himself busy in propagating socialism and discontent among the workingmen, he became obnoxions to his employers, as an imeessant agi- tator, and not being able to obtain any more employment in those regions, came up to Lon- don, representing himself ag a martyr to the cause of the working people. A number of his trade, the engineers of London, then tock him by the hand, and, clubbing together, set him up In a public house in a neighborhoood crowded with operatives, and supported him with all their custom, so that the house being made the common rendex yous for the working classes, their meetings, Ke. being held there, and he a great speaker ou every occasion, he did a good business. He acquired a great influence over he minds of the engineers, and persuaded them to the great strike against their employers, and led to the formation of the Amalga- Union. Fands were collected to noun 25,000 sterling, and placed in his hands, he being the secretary and great mover of the whole concern. Things’ went on swimmingly now; he flattered the wen with the prospect ot certain triumph, and threw them all at one ke out of employment and good situations, for some were in the regular receipt of as much as £5 per week wages. But the power of the society, embodied as a corpora- tion, was great, and the workmen throughout the kingdom were cbliged to obey and follow the co mands of the leaders. Now, a man holding large sums of money at his disposal, is necessarily a man of some temporary importance, and conse- quent], Newton was able to show favor as he pleased, wherever he might be willing to deposit the money he held. By a clover negotiation, as it ii the money was deposited with an insurance | eompany which was in want of fands, and, in con- sideration thereof, Mr Newton was made secretary, with a good salary. He then sold the good will of his thriving public house for a handsome sum, and withdrew to an elegant and private mansion, hea: forth a gentleman and a man of some public im- ortance. Though he has injured and ruined hun- reds of families of workmen who before were in thriving circumstances, by infusing discontent into their minds, and making them dissatisfied with their condition, so that they changed it for a worse, yet the operatives clung to him with the belief that he is their friend, and hasall along been a great ‘hampion and advocate for their rights. Hence it not improbable but that he will be elected along with George Thompson. This latter is very popular, | and is sure to be elected as the representative of a strong and powerful party—a party which, it may | be said, carries all before it, because it rides over | all parties, and includes them all within itself—and that is the professing pious and religious party. | The zeal and energy of this latter party is pe- | culiarly lively and powerfully enkindled at this | present moment, by a rallying ery, which has never failed when thoroughly gotup, to excite the whole | would force them. body of professors, and that cry is ‘No Popery,” | * Down with the Papists.” With the zealous pro- festors, a bitter zeal aud betred of Roman Catho- The Preparations in England for Election As a sample, we extract from the London Times the following paragraph on the subject of a seizure of arme in Liverpool, which were being man tured for the Lag nena of bloodshed at the election:— On Saturday, from information received by the police, a posse of constables were de: hed to the workshop of Mr. Jarvis, turner, W m street, where they found Vo ge several hundred weapons of the most formidable description. These were at onee seized and conveyed to the police office; they filled a large spring cart. For some time past the protectionist party have been boasting, in regard to the election, that they would ‘win, tie, or bring it to a wrangle;” and many of the worst characters in Lancashire and Cheshire have been brought forward for the purpose, as is generally believed, of intimi- dating the liberal electors from making their ap- pearance on the election day. The new head con- stable, however, Captain Greig, an old soldier, was not to be cueapeed into any party mea- sures; and he has ady won golden opinions by the prompt and vigorene precautions taken to,se- cure the peace on Tuesday and Wednesday next. The Mayor, also, who, though belonging to the protectionist party, is a high spirited, honorable man, has expressed his determination to call the magistrates together, for the purpose of adopting measures to secure the public peace. The weapons seized were ordered by an alderman of the borough, amember of the Orange society. Each weapon consisted of two pieces of seasoned ash, of about two teet Jong, turned like a constable’s staff, so as to give firm hold for the hand, and fitting into each other by a screw, so as when united, to constitute a pike-handle four feet long. That they were intend- ed as a pikestaff is obvious, for one end fitted into aring, and in that end was an indent into which a pike blade or spiko could be driven. It has since transpired that weapons of an equally formidable descriptian, but upon a different principle, have been manufactured in other places, but all are made after models suggested by a foreign refugee, to the Chartists, some years ago. The weapons were con- veyed immediately to the Town Hall, and the head constable was summoned by the Mayor to ascertain and report upon the existence of an alleged con- spiracy to provoke a breach of the peace on the day of the nomination. The Australian Gold Diggings—Interesting Seatis s [From the London Times, July 7.) The “farther papers relative to the recent discove- ry of gold in Australia,” presented to Parliament by command of ber Majesty, just before the close of the session, are by far the most valuable and au- thentic collection of facts we have yet obtained on this important subject; and the Binebook which contains them, is further provided with an excellent map of the southeastern portion of the Australian continent, indicating by appropriate dabs of gam- boge the auriferous depesite which appear to speckle the whole of that territory. We have here, there- fore, atolerably complete history of the firet six months of this singular revolution in the condition of a colony which seems destined to form in all things an exception and a contrast to the ordinary Kiws of nature. The despatches of Mr. Latrobe, Lieutenant Gover- nor of Victoria, convey the most vivid picture of the extent and value of these discoveries of gold, and of their effect on the population. Soon after the opening of the Ballarat diggings, 1,800 licenses were issued. The ore was found pure, in irregular masses of ‘* great beauty,” scattered in the blue clay and other superior formations, and sometimes in lumps weighing seven or nine ounces. **I wit- nessed,”’ says Mr. Latrobe, “during my visit, the washing of two tin dishes of this clay, of about 20 inches in diameter, the yield of which was no less than eight pounds weight of pure gold.”” The aver- age produce of this spot was estimated for some time at about 700 ounces and upwards per diem. Bat | even this was soon surpassed by the discoveries at Mount Alexander. The gold raised there in Decem- er was calculated by hundredweights, and arrived in the cities on the coast at the rate of about two tons a week. Some 20,000 persons were soon con- regated in the district. Ballarat was comparatively deserted, and from the general prevalence all over the colony of the same geological formaticnin which gold has bitherto been found, Mr. Latrobe declares that be can ‘‘contemplate no limit to the discoveries | orto the result of the opening of these fields.” Meanwhile, he adds, the whole stracture of so- licism, is asure test of trne religion; and men feel the lly going to heaven, if they hate Po vy call it, with true sincerit; hey | consider Popery to be ‘all evil,” and th if | they feel that they hate ig * very good,” of course, dness they commit. Astoni: They reason thus se a good man and low creatures, the Ro- | hate them; therefore, goir man 1 hate evi By generally ¥ Lwhich ex- nul powers of langasge, had a on the subject, which doubtless you n which i s upon, the Trish and | y the - é prece a dreadfu igs, for a But i ning, to pallii i Ir even, acts of bra- violence, and bloodshed, by reverting to any pe prior causes. If the lex talionis became the law of society, there would be in an instant a total de- struction and overthrow of all society. I refer yo to the copious accounts in the journals of th rib)e riots of i If rioters hang up, when r in becomes a rioter tue bruse oughe not to escape. The shipowners recently made a great fuss and complained at the change of the old restrictive navigation laws, and the opening of free trade and competition in the matter of ships and navigation ; | but they had no reason to complain, as facts now | prove. There ix no want of employment for ships and shipping—the shipowners of England are not able to supply the increased demand. A sin- ular proof of this has lately been afforded. The British Government has actually employed Aime- rican ships to carry Searnaers to Australia; they advertise for tenders, and the tenders of American ships have been taken. The rage and rush for emi- gration to Australia continue unabated, and th ne gold also, from these regions, continues to pour in. A very singular fact is now on resord—a thing which never happened before, viz:—that the Bank of England has now in its vaults nearly one million of specie, exceeding the whole amount of ail its pa- ‘All this money from California per in circulation. b 0 ‘ i and Australia must get into cicculation, and if is does, it will produce a greater revolution in favor ses, than all the émeutes ,revolu- ave done for the last hundred year The effeet willbe to raize the prive of labor, tay fifty per cent, enriching, of course, the working classes. In England, the wide-awake capitalists have begun to take the alarm, and the way they ex- préss it is this: they say such an operation will de- preciate our sovereign, or our money, fifty per cent. They represent itas a fatal calamity, und say the effect will be todepreciate the gold in circulation. I say, the sooner the better ew revolution comes, by which the capitalist is ob pocket double what he did bi nd employment of the | rer will spend double what he did bo- | and then all who supply the great mass of | . Will Sud their trade double better than w: | f on the great mass is doubly better | of the working lutions, and risings . Phey call this a depre full of fifty per cent in the valuc gle. Let it come. But itis oney logic is almost as bad | above referred to. Suppose | as the religious Jogi a man onght to have ten dollars a week, and I have been paying bim five dollars a week, pretty | gic for me to ay that my money is depreciate t fifty per cent, because circumstances arise which do birn justice end compe instead of five. Oh, tempora! oh, mores It ig said that some speculator has been selling in Hungary sof broom stick, as pieces of the iden- tical brooms with which the brewers men, the fan- tails of Barelay & Perkin’s brewery, belabored shal Haynau, on his Inekless visit to that famous pment. Methinks the boy, Emperorof Austria, must have spoiled the trade, to judge by the enthu- siasm which he has inspired among the the Magyarsin his favor. Thus end the hopes and glory of Kossuth, and thus a little bit of humbug is diaposed of and blown to the winds. The fact is, if a people do not want to be free, the man isa fool and a tyrant who Liberty for ever! © And that means not only liberty to be one thing, but liberty to be the other, if you wish it. Men ought to leave one another ag free as God leaves them, and if a man wiehes to goto hell, no man ought to burn him ond roust bim to force him to go to heaven. Xcept the elections, which are burning like a von the top of # hill, and like a “prairie on fire,” and except ‘fearful incidents by flood and field,” and except villany, aud roguery, and mur- der, and crime—all ix as dull as ditch-water. Of French, aud German, and Spanish,, and Turaish, and Russian, and Austrian, and Prussian, and [ta- lian, and other affairs in this hemiephere, you kept well advised by your able correspondents; therefore I attempt not to meddle with them. Thete af , especially French, exsite all interest here. The fact f we had not other people’s af- taire to lovk into, we should have nothing wo do; for our own are the last we consider. Sneb ie the nui pugh ave ayn! W. lmeto pay bim ten dollars ' | increased discoveries in Vietor | Melbourne and Geelorg seemed emy | and the quantity shipped from & ciety and the whole machinery of government are | dislocated. Upon the first discovery of gold in May, last year, in the Bathurst district of New South Wales, the moral efiect on the laboring classes was violent, and appeared to be ex: ated; bat the sed ail con- = the towns of ed of their aborers, shopmen, i ‘ doi In three wer ceivable anticipation. male inhebitants, i ndoned, and event to join with the inen, whom sin on board. M interruption The Sup nounced the ion of his ¢ Deputy-Sheriff reported that eiy jail department had determined to leave, and the Colonial surgeon feared much trouble the at- tendarts at the lunatic asylum should throw up their situations, for in fact that establishment was never more needed by the community. Mr. Latrobe continued to ‘rely, with a confidence of ' which was not altogether disappointed, on the reacticn which must ensue when many of these persons would find by experience that they were ferly unfit to encounter the labor of the diggings, and that they might turn the discovery of gold to account by the inerensed value of their industry, or their abilities in other branches of ocenpation. But it became absolutely neces- sary to the public service forthwith to raise, by from 50 to 100° per cent, the salaries and wages of all persons employed. Thus, the wages of the police, turnkeys, letter carriers, &¢., were raised from 4s. €d. to 7s. and Ss. a day, and the salaries of clerks about 50 per cent. The rise of wages and of prices had been even larger in private employments. Laborers rose from 5s. to lds. and 20s. a day; on artisans’ wages the increase was from 80 to ae cent; men cooks got £2 and £3 a week; female servants rose 25 per cent. The quartern loaf rose in price from 5d., in December, 550, to Is. 4d. and even Is. 8d., in December, 1851; meat doubled in price; bacon rose from 6d. to 2s.; ard gp all other articles of domestic consumption the rise was fiom 50 to 100 percent. House rent, hotel charges, cartage, and boat hire, rose 50 per cent; clothes, hardware, and furniture, 100 per cent; saddlery was not to be got, and the price of shoeing a horse increased from 5s. to 25s. Not less than 11,000 persons had arrived by sea. in theeolony of Victoria in the las months of 1851, and 2,781 from the Ist to the 17th January of this year; 8,000 licenses were issued for the month. As the vast, majority of these persons arrived as consumers of general produce, and producers of no article but gold, the colony was obviously drained of all other commodities, while gold The grand total of gold broug) ‘oO escort in the last three months of 1451, from all the diggings in Victoria, was 124,835 ounces, va- lucd at £374,505; but it is ealculated that not more than two-fifths of the gold eollected is forwarded by escort, so that the real amount found would be more than double this sum. The total amount known to haye been exported down to the Sth of January, 1852, froi Victoria, is upwards of 220,000 ounces; ydney is 142,975 j¢ remembered that ali these ef= fects have bee ced in little more than six months from tle first diseovery of the gold down to the date of the latest despatehes, and that the scene of action is in an almost unexplored region of that port: the globe most remote from Europe zation, they will certainly be ranked ounces. When it | among the most curious and surprising phenomena in the history of maukind. We shail shortly ree vert to the subject, in order to take into consiieens tion the measures taken, or to be taken, by the home authorities, on the receipt of this intelli- gence. Those measures consist chiefly in an im- mediate increase of the military and naval forees in the colony, for, as matters now stand, a well armed irate, who should anchor in Hobson's Bay, would have no difficulty in laying the capital of Victoria under contribution to any amount; and even the maintenance of peace and order in the town d ds mainly on the good will of the respectable inhabi+ tants. The second object is the promotion of emi- «ration in the form most calculated to provide for the general wants of the community; and the Jast is the question of establishing a local mint and as- say office, in order to legalize the traneactions in Ret by introducing @ regular standard of fineness. hese subjects have been attentively considered by Her Majesty’s government, and in part provided for by Sir John Pakington, whose last despatches to Sir Charles Fitzroy and Mr. Latrobe are also before us: but whatever nay be the measures taken, it is impossible not to apprehend that the influx of loose emigration from all countries, the sudden overthrow of the ordinary standard of value in the colony, and the consequent suspension of the usual and neces- sary occupations of many classes of society, will, for some time to come, be attended with very seri- ous inconvenience. THE D FIRLDS OF VICTORIA, Aus’ . _ | Fom the Melbourne Argus Marche} Since the first discovery of the Wonderfaily pro- Vifle gold wines of thie colony, a continous diveuge un ber gesgon xp tothe agiow extent of the treasures they have poured upon us; and all sorts of vague calculations and wild, estimate have been promulgated, varying in their results to an extent aaa startling to those who really value sound sta- tistical information. The amount shipped—the Foot Letina hig 2d on Ne eseort— the amount r ugh the banks, or pur- chased individual brokers, have each ‘and al been made the groundwork of estimates of the tual yield, and with a variety in the ultimate cou- clusions which would be amusing if it were not a matter of national importance that is at iseue. A few weeks ago we ventured to throw together such few data as we thought important ia arrivin, at an accurate estimate, and the opinions Reuse at, avowedly founded, asin part they were, upoa mere conjecture, have since proved to have been so near the truth, that we think it very well worth while once more to reeur to the subject—once more to collate and compare such facts as may lead to a tolerably sound opinion, on the part of the commu- nity, as to the real value of the treasure which wo have Jately discovered at our foet. In proceeding to endeavor fuirly to estimate the extent of the golden harvest already reaped, we will first show how erroneous has been the opinion very peers held, that the great bulk of the gold bas een conveyed to market through the agency of the overpment escort. In our last estimate, we caleu- fated the amount which had arrived by eave hand at one-third of that which had travelled by the means expressly provided for it, and we calculated it at that in accordance with the opinions of many gentlemen of high authority in such matters, but with @ strong impression on our own part that any such proportion wag less than the reality. This impression is now borne out by the following facts. The notice in the Government Gazette, aunounc- ing the establishment of an armed escort, bears date the 30th of September, 1851. On the follow- ing day, the first is transmitted by this mode of conveyance arrived in Geelong, then the headquar- ters of tie gold mines of Victoria. The following is a list of successive arrivals from that date to the present, the quantities conveyed to Me!bourne and Geelong being added together:— AMOUNT BY BSCOBT. 96 Dec, 31. 1229 Jam. 7 3.998 “15 rt 23 4 703,092 ‘ook at the amountof gold which has actually reached the markets, and about the existence of which there can be no possible doubs, the whole having either been already shipped, or being now lodged in known places. At the beginning of this month, the amount of old FaBcaks ehipped and entered through the Sustom House consisted of 455,061 ounces, valued at £1,365,183, or nearly twice the amount arrived by escort. s We subjoin the list of vessels conveying gold, and the amount shipped respectively by each:— Total by Val. at £3 per o 1851. oz dot gr Oct. 20—Shamrock. for Sydney ig 1.047 15 0 Nov. 6—Coquette, for Sydney 788 6 4 19—Shamreck. for Sydne 0 Dee, 6—Hero, for London. 0 15—Dorset. for Hobart 0 22—Melbourne, for London 24—Shamrock, for Sydney, —Favorite, for Sydney. }0—Himaixya, for London 1852. Jan. 6—Hirondeile. for Sydney 7—Swordfich, for Hobart own... $—Phebe. for Sydney... 35—Brilliant, for London’ 1i—Themas and Henry, for Launec 16—Sarah Avn, for Londo: 20—Suranne. for Hamburg 26—Shomrock, for Sydney. 20—Staterman. for London 20—May Queen. fur London Feb, i—Dait. for Syduey.... 4—Christabel, for London. 4 Lorn, fer Sydney 5—Favorite, for Sydnioy..... 6—Helen. for London... €—Cornelivs, for London, 10—Aterfoyle. for London. 1—Prince of Wales, for Sydney 20—Clara. for Sydney 25—Enchant sees 52545 popes.) Amouvt cf gold shippes int Geelong Amount at Bank of New Soutn W Total... Value at Ve no tained f ap shown by the ret pped or lodged in the ot the amount brought down by pri- vate hand very much exceeds that transmitted by escort, we must resort, in an endeavor to form some estimate of the total amount as yet realized, to something very little better than conjecture. We beg of our readers, particularly those at a distance, to remurk distinctly the line of demarcation which seperates our facts from our estimates arrived at without that solid foundation. Any attempt to estimate the quantity of gold held by private bands in the two great markcts is one of rue guess work. In our last calculations, of the ‘9th of November and 20th of December, we stated it at 8,000 ounces; but since then so common an article of merchandise has gold become, and so ordinarily do we see it handed about in its little washleather bags, that, considering the numbers of returned diggers now in the two great towns, we think that we may safely triple the amount we have named, and consider 24,000 ounces now held exclue sive of that at the banks and treasury as a very mo- Seed Ka ‘ain, the amount held by the diggers and buy- ers Nene the roads, and at the gold He a, cannot ‘A arrived at by access to any very reliable data. Oa the 20th of December, we calculated the number of diggers on the roads and on the ground at 20,000, and allowed them four ounces of gold dust each. The diggers now at Mount Alexander cannot be less than twice that number, or 40,000; but as the dry weather has lately very much diminished their in- dividual success, we will only allow them one-half | as much per man as in our last estimate, or two ounces cach. The total yield of the Victoria gold fields will thus | stand as follows:— Ounces. Amount actually shipped to the 2d of March.455,061 Amount held in the banks and treasury.... 94,209 Estimated amount in private hands in the HOWL. cor cseperisscseveereecveserss dest 24,000 | Estimated amount in the hands of diggers and others on the road and at the mines.. $0,000 ; 544 cwt. 59 Ibs 2 o2.; 27 tons | 202. —Lotal value sterling, £1,959,810. even here we exclude all gold conveyed by ovivate hands to adjacent colonies, which has not een passed at the customs, although, if these amounts were attainable, we have no doubt that they would prove to be very ae in the aggregate. As we have stated before, the first large discovery of gold in this colony was announced on the 29th of September; so that the above most astonishing re- waite have all been achieved within a trifle over five months. When the energies of the diggers are set free again by the arrival of the rainy season, we be- lieve that through the industry of the vast number of people now assembled on the ground, an amount of gold will be sent into the market, infinitely greater and more astounding than anything we have yet seen. The Effect in England of General Scotts Nomination, From the London Times, July 6 ] It would seem that the power or the fortune which guides the irregular movements of universal sufirage in the United States has served the interests of the democratic party, both in the choice of its own candidate, and in the nomination of his sole antagonist. The sudden turn in parties which brought up the name of General Pierce, in prefer- ence to those of General Cass, Mr. Buchanan, and Mr. Douglass, placed a man at the head of one of the great political sections of the United States, who, though less known than his competitors, is ‘obably more worthy of confidence and esteem. Te unexpected decision which has, after all, made General Scott the candidate of the whi party, falls, on the contrary, upon the least able of tho three men who had courted the suffrages of the people on that side. Mr. Fillmore has the ro- commendation of experience in office and respec. tability. Mr. Webster has undoubted abilities of the fast order, and may be said to be the only citizen of the’ Union who takes rank at the pre- rent dhy as a statesman both abroad and at home. Ge Scott’s notoriety dates principally from the Mexican cam: which has already given one President to the, United | Btates in the person of General Zachary Taylor. Scott took the com- mand of the operations in Southern Mexico with Worth’s division, and it was under his orders that | aipong them, several women. Vora Cruz was taken, the battles of Cerro Gordo and Churubusco fought, and the city of Mexico «4 tured by storm. He may now be considered the wort eminent commander in the Ameriggn army. But his personal qualities and his political opinions are far below "hie ali reputation; though the donee opposition with which the partisans of Mr. Fillmore and Mr. Webster labored respectively against the candidate they had most reason to fear, bas ended in placing on the whig “ticket” the name of the very mam who is least likely to redeem the confidence of bis sepporters. In fact, the advan- tage of Gen. Pierce’s name to the democrats, and the disadvantage of Gen Scott’s name to tho whiga, were both sg generally recognized, that the latter was supposed to bave lost all chance. The very last telegraphic message that arrived before the conven- tion had terminated its labors led us to suppose that the nomination ef Fillmore or Webster was certain. But in a democratic convention, as in a conclave of cardinals, nothing is lost as long as the ballot box can be kept going. The Pope and the President of the United States are the two principal elective rulers of mankind ; and though the constituencies differ, the mechanism of parties is not dissimilar, and the regult just as capricious in one case as in the other. But in this instance we doubt whether any nomina- tion would have materially altered the chances of the whig candidate ; and as far as the general in- tereste of the Union and its relations with ourselves are concerned, Gen. Pierce has our best wishes for hie success. é The primary question for the United States in th's election, as it is for ourselves in the electoral con- teste of this week, is the national sanction aod in- violable establishment of the principles of free trade. For, though no country is more interested in the adoption and extension of those principles than the American Union, the fight has hitherto been carried on against the avowed opinions of the executive government. Mr. Fillmore’s messages and Mr. Cor- win’s reports have continued to avow protectionist doctrines worthy to rank with Lord Granby’s politi- cal economy, and Mr. G. F. Young’s statistics ; and the country has only escaped the imposition of more restrictive duties by the fact that the present Ameri- can government has never possessed & majority on these questions in the House of Representatives. ‘The triumph of the candidate of the democratic party, brought forward by the men of the South, will secure, probably for ever, the ascendency of iberal cemmercial principles, and if Lord Derby should next year be disposed to take the American tariff for his model, we have little doubt that it will serve te remove the last illusions of the protective system from his mind. In this respect, and on this point, we take General Pierce to be a fuir reprosenta- tive of the opinions of Mr. Calhoun, and, as such, a valuable practical ally to the commercia) policy of this country. But though this rel be the question of the day, it is not the most deep-seated or vital question which a public servant in the United States has to solve. He bas also to consider—and that con- stantly and above all things—the mode of dealing with the subject ef negro slavery in all its numer- ous ramifications, so as best to retain the one great ohject—the stability of the existing confederation. Some of our readers will have read with surprise an expression in one of the recent letters of our in- telligent American correspondent, to the effect that the cause of abolitionism is at an end, and that the dangerous experiment of sacrificing the common interests of the Union to the rights of the black population was no longer to be thought of. On that pence the Americans, even in New England, ave submiited to bitter contradictions and trials for the sake of institutions which they abhor as cordially as we do ourselves, The idea of na- tional duty has predominated in their minds over the impulses of natural humanity, of free rights, and of free labor. The free soilers have submitted to a compromise, and the Fugitive Slave act is in force throughout the Union.— These measures are acknowledged to be the price which men. trained in a very different school, have been compelled to pay for the grand object of na- tional harmony. he suspicion that some of General Scott’s opinions might be averse to them was £0 injurious to him soon after he came forward, that he was obliged fermally to repudiate them ; and even now the stronghold of the democratic party is their vigorous adherence to all the con- ditions which the preservation of the Union may impose. But though this policy has a patriotic object and a manifest advantage, it is not the less based upon an imprudence and an_ injustice. It is impossible that the intricate and alarming questions arisng out of the presence of a large and inereased population of black men and slaves on the soil of certain States in the Union, can ever be set at rest. The million-headed evil is there, and £0 lictle can it be removed or obliterated, that ite indirect consequences are felt even in regions where not a slave is found, from the wild confines of Mindezota, now first on aed into social and political life, to the hearts of New England. A party may agree to stifle the danger; but they have made no step towards the diminution of it. Onthe contrary, they demand larger concessions from their sister States, until the federal authority itself is There aployed to rivet the chains of the slave. e & trnce to the agitation of the quesi ion, or it may be si down by imeasy 3 8 those h would be spplied to other sion in St. Petersbucg or in nt the disease remains and spreads un- and the increasing rigor ef the pre i i Jave States a ripation proof that, om this subject, lifference is imporsible Do what they will, there will one day be civil rights, there will one day be free labor for the black mun as well as for the white men, onthe whole continent of America; and the wisest policy is that which should prepare the coun- try for the inevitable transition, and not that which afiects to rely on the everlasting duration of one of the greatest evils that exists beneath the sun. France. The fellowing are further particulars relative to the conspiracy discovered in the suburbs of Paris :— The Prefsct of Police has been for some time aware that certain individuals, remarkable for the violence of their political opinions, were organizing asecret society, with the object of assassinating Louis Napoleon, and of overthrowing the existing government. The conspirators chose for their sey of meeting a lonely house in the Rue de la ine Blanche, nearly opposite the Gobelins, of which one ofthe body, a tailor, was porter. The Prefect of Police discovered further that they were afiliated with other socialists, and that they were busy in fabricating infernal machines of a new description. «The Prefect consequently determined to catch the conspirators flagranti delicto, and for that purpose he commanded that a body of pee should surround the house at the moment @ was informed the parties should be at work. His commands weve execuied on ‘Thursday morning last. When the police entered the house, they found men busi!y employed in covering some gas pipes with tar cloth. Other individuals were subsequently discovered similarly employed, and, All those persons, to the number of thirteen, were immediately arrested, and a strict scaich mode in their dwellings. The result of the search hus been the seizure of va- rious documents, receipts for fubiicating guupowder, and letters from some members of the revointionary | committee established in Londen. The police au- thorities, guided by the information contained in the documents seized, continued theirinvestigations, | and within the last two days they have arreste altogether t)irty-iwo individuals, inelading seven women anda young girl. Among thenineteen persons last arrested, there were found writings which appear to connect them with the secret society in the Rue de la Reine Blanche. At the lodgings of one of them was found a machine similar to the first discovered. The greater number of persons arrested belong to- the operative classes. There are among them tailors, masons, stonecutters, shocmakers, cabinetmakers, trunkmakers, cartmukers, leather breechesmakers, and among the women fancy dressmakers. There is likewise Charles Pelletier, an ex-schoolmaster ; Dr. Favre, a physician; M. Corbet, a barrister; M. Martin, a clerk in a public office; M. Nouvel, one of Causeiditre’s montagnards, and five of the insur- gents of June, who were*transported, and subse- quently pardoned. The following details are from the Patrie:— ‘The information which we have obtained since yester- dey enables us to confirm the accounts we have already ublished relative to a conspiracy in Paris, Tuis plot is vat too real. and we even go the length of declaring that it has not much surprised us, ‘That, notwihstanding the security which we enjoy, and the assent given by France to the chief cf the Siate, and the lively sympathies which surround and support the government, there are still demagogues incorrigible enough to dream of the violent overthrow of our institutions, can cause but a very mode- rate share of astonishment We are. however. at present delivered from all apptensions, for plots, although they may be formed, can never degenerate into emeutes. ‘Thanks to the vigilance and activity of the goverument, they will always be stifled in their birth, Fresh arrests have been made to day, and among them are an advocate, a physician, an ex. communal teacher, an ex-lieutenant of artillery, some old montagnards, and some prisoners who have been liberated from Belle Isle, A letter from Le Mans in the Sarthe, states that, seditious placards were posted in various parts of that town, containing insults addressed to the Pre- sident of the republic. It was remarked that one of these seditious writings was placed by the side of each copy of the President's message to the Legiala- tive Assembly. The Sarthe is one of the dep ments in which the socialists have been least disor- ganized by the events of December. s The Moniteur agpounces, in a communicated note, that the President having been informed of the in- tention to give banquets in his honor during his approaching’ tour in the departments, has resolved not to accept ny, however touched ho may be by t ir entions. oie oe of a favorable change in the weather, business matters in France were tly improving. The damage done to the crops of wheat and grapes will not turn out to be nearly so great as wag at first expected. The harvest though seme- what late will'be a good average one. Now silk was beginning to appear in the markets of the southern departments. The wine markets gener- ally were lower. The manufacturers in Paris were very busy in executing foreign orders. considering Art. 24 of the Constitution, decrees as fol- lows :— ; Art. 1 —The session of the Senate of 1852, opened on the 20th March last, is hereby closed. \ Art. 2 —The present proclamation shall be carried to the Senate. ys read Reg hy Coben ot Se. \ i the palace of , Cloud, seine LOUIS NAPOLEON, X. pe Casamianca, Minister of State. ‘The Lyons journals of the 3d inst. state that th waters of the Saone were only thon slowly with- drawing from the low lands, and that great foarg were Gutertained of the hay crop being entirely des« troyed. THE FOURTH OF JULY IN PARIS. The 76th anniversary of the declaration of the inv dependence of the Uuited States was celebrated oi Saturday, the 3d, by the Americans in Paris, and w number of their friends, at_the Cercle des Deux Mondes. M. Méry and M Latour St. Ybars read verses composed in honor of the day, the former dwelling on the natural beauties of Amorica, and the latter on the virtues of Washington. After- wards, M. Shelton Sanford, Secretary of the Ameri- can Legation at Paris, pronounced the following ad- ress :— Notwithstanding the embarrassment I feel in express~ ing niseelf ina language which is not my own, I cannot, after having heard from the month of Frenchmen, and amidst the applause of Frenchmen, admirable verses or Washington and on my country —I cannot, I say, refrain from thanking you, inthe name of my countrymen, for this striking proof of rymputhy and frienpship for us and ourecountry. The féfe which you have just celebrated. in your poetry is that of all Americans; the Feurth of July is the natal day of our republic, Every new anni« versary of that great day is always saluted with increas- ed joy by the citizens of the United States, for they con- sider that day as the starting point and the source of our prosperity, which goes on increasing with every year, Om this dey our whole population assembles in towns, vil lages, and hamlets, to hear read with Tespeet out declara- tion of independence, and to join with fervor ia the prayers of pastors, demanding from heaven the duratiow of our glorious institutions. Celebrated as it is on all points of the globe on which Americwus are to be founds nowhere, perhaps, does this anniversary cavse them greater happiness than it does here. That is bee cause we are here amidst the generous nation which our country is in great part indebted for its politi- cal existence and ralvarion From the other side of the | Atlentic our menaced country cried to you, “ Frenche men, help! and your assistuuce was not wanting; you extended the hand to us, ant beeame the support of the oppressed. ‘The ties which bind you to ws are indissolu- ble. for you aided us to break our chains. Year ances- tors called themselves Franks. a word which. in their lan-- guage, signified free: and they so called themselves be- cause they bad received trom heaven a mission of liberty. . You have determined not to degeade that noble mame; you have dreamed of the enfranchisement of pleoples: and you have contributed to ours. Your intervention in: eriea forms an epoch in modern history; that was the first sign of the new spirit. the first step of the new revo- lution, the first shock of the sublime fiaid which. enlightens and destroys, the death blow of old society. The echo of that blow still vibrates in every ear; the soil still trembles beneath our steps by the shock it’ pro- duced. Terrible storms. it is true, followed; bat storms purify the air; and France bas the rave privilege of coming out of them greater and more brilliant, The United States, once arrived at independence, no 1o1 had any enemies,to combat, and an era of prosperity un- exampied in the annals of history commenced for them, Their wars have given them peace—their servitude has secured them liberty—their misfortones have brought them a long continued and mafVellcus prosperity. These benefits we owe in great part to France. We kuow that, and taxe pleasure in repeating it, The friendships which have gratitude for their basis are the most darable. Thus the love of the United States for France will bd eternal. and never wiil the sword of war dare to sever it. Every day, thanks to steam, the Atlantic becomes nar- rower, and our two nations draw nearer to each other: their relations become more frequent—the exchange of their productions more active. They are friends, they, are sisters. and at the same time rivals; but there is no- thing hostile in their rivality—it is@ noble emulation, which has for its object manufactures, wealth, science, and literature—in a word, all that constitut the force. the glory. and the power of nations, The whole proceedings of the day passed over most pleasantly. 3 Algiers. | The accounts from Algiers state that the insurrec: tion against the French had been completely pu! down at all points. The Governor General, wh¢ had been about to set off for the disturbed districts, at once relinquished the idea. ' Switzerland. The Swiss journals announce that tho Council a} the State of the Vaud had determined to order M. Thiers, now in Vevey, to remove into the interior the country. This decree was equivalent to e: sion from Switzerland. M. Thiers has preferred the latter alternative.’ These proceedings were taken at the aii een of Louis Napoleon, who thus shows himself desirous to visit M. Taiers with un- compromising vindictiveness. ‘The Cape of Good Hope. The royal mail steamship Bosphorous reached Plymouth on the 6th July, with dates from the Cape of Good of Hope wo the 29th May. The nows from the frontier is to the 25th of May, and is of a very ‘ ndecisive character. General Catheart has estab- ished his head-quarters at Fort Beaufort, and is orming camps all along the frontier—there is one he Moniteuwr containg the following decree :— Asie Napdecn, Pre.ident of the Pavmcb Sepalice, at the Tamacha; the Rifles are at Bebr’s Fara; the 74th and 91st, and Cape Mounted Rifles, under | Colonel Napier, are at Balfour, and Colonels Byre and Mitchell are at Keishama’s Hock, where a fort is being erected. No casualties of moment have oceurred luring the preceding month, but there are several indications of the unsubdued position of tho Castres. Early in May, at the Fich River mouth, the two Claytons, sons of a farmer, and their servant Elliott, were murdered. On the 15th, near Fort Cox, an urarmed private of the Queen’s 2d Regiment was killed, while cutting wood; and on the 20th, the Rifles had a brush in the Waterkloof, when three of that corps were wounded, and one Fingoe killed. Andries Botha, a field-cornet, (Hottentot), after a trial of eight days, at Cape Town, had been convicted. of high treason, and was sentenced to be hung. General Cathcart is seeking to raise a levy by offering the farmers 5s. a-day as privates, and: ak a-day as officers, which is considered very iberal. Markets. WRIGHT, GANDY & CO.’S CIRCULAR. Liverroot, July 6, 1852. Corrox.—-Since the departure of the Asia, our market has been tolerably steady. with a liberal supply offering, without pressure on the market; and although business has been interrupted by the election now pending, tho operations have ly been toa fair extent, without much change in value. Since the arrival of the Am: on Sunday, there has been more eagerness manife to progress; but in the midst of political excitement it is almost impossible to give a correct estimate of the ex- tent of transactions, or more than a idea of prices. We would say, however, that cotton at 5d. or over iz firmly held. and commands full rates. whilst classes be- low that standard are more freely a for sale, to ef- fect which, one-eighth decline on last week's quotations must be submitted to, Speculation seems arrested for the time being; but exporters are operating, when quality + combined with value is a temptation, ii The following are the estimated sales of the past three jays :— Bales, Speculation. Am. Saturday... 6.000 1.500 4,700 Monday. 6,000 2,000 4800 ‘Tuesday... 4,000 New Orleans, Mobile .. 1 Atlantic... Seay Tirade in the manufacturing districts is alike inter- fered with by political events, which en the atten- tion of all classes, and to our last advices we can add no new feature, business being almost wholly suspended. A return of most brilliant weather for the growing crops has created considerable apathy in our mar- ket, which also rules predominant throughont the king- dom, and with liberal imports of flour, prices are acarcel maintained, although holders do not press their stocks sorsale. The inquiry for wheat has somewhat abated, but last week's quotations have not undergone any change. Indian corn has declined Gd. a 12. per quarter, and Ihmit- din demond. No transactions of moment in other American produce, A. F. AND RB, MAXWELL’S CIRCULAR. Livenvoon, Tuesday, daly 6. The arrivals from Treland and coastwise during the past week have been light. From Canada we have re- ceived 1,649 quarters wheat. 331 quarters peas, and 13,733 barrels flour. and from foreign ports 7.456 quarters wheat, Pe quarters Indian corn, 2 260 sacks 16,288 barrels jour. ‘The exports in the same time comprise 2051 quarters wheat, 9.419 quarters Indian corn, 1,107 sacks and 7,332 Larrels flour. The trade has been extremely quiet, though prices of wheat and flour have been fally sup] a Indian corn, being very scarce. commanded ex- treme rates, and the same may be said of beans and peas, In other articles there has been hardly anything doing. The weather has become extremely warm, Owing to the intervention of tle elections, there was a very small attendance at this duy's market, and scarcely any business was done. "Wheat and flour remain nominally as last quoted, Oats and oatmeal met with ou extremely stow sale, at Darely late rates. Barley was neglected and rexrcely so dear; but beans and peas fully supported their value, Indian corn was in moderate demand, at 31s. 6d, por quarter for American yellow, and 32s. for Danube. Loxpox Money Manxer, Tuvsday July = The quotation of gold at Pars is about mille remium ape to the new tariff), which, at the nglish mint price of £8 17s. 10 14d, per ounce for stan- dard gold. gives an exchange of 20.27; the exel at Paris cn London at short being 25.3234, it follows that: old is about 0.22 per cent dearer in than in ‘aris, By advices Hamburg the e of gold is about 428 per mark, which, at ihe E1 ‘mint price, £3178. 104d, bs ounce for staudard gold, gives an ex- change of 13.63¢; and. the exchange at . it follows that gold is London than in Hambury London at short being 13.7, 0.58 per cent dearer in The course of exchange at New York on London, for bills at 60 days’ sight, is 1104 per cent, the ee ents between Lh orgs and America 109 23-40 per cent, it follows that the exchange is I~ pally 0.92 per cent in favor of Englant; and, after mak- ing allowance for charges of transport, the present leaves & email profit on the importation of gold from: United States. The English funds continue to little variation, the soppy of stock from the public being sufficient ocounteract the rite that might otherwise be regarded as ccrtain from the favorable condition of the Bib y Mershebs, Dense daang Uae seabeibeasoony mabey Es Hl