The New York Herald Newspaper, July 20, 1852, Page 2

ee ARRIVAL or THE STEAMSHIP HUMBOLDT, FOUR DAYS LATER FROM EUROPE. Sener nrnns Interesting Golden Statistics from Ausiralia. OUR LONDON CORRESPONDENCE, @pinions in Bngland on Gen. Scott's Womination. THE FOURTH OF JULY IN FRANCE, &e., &e., &e. The United States mail steamship Humboldt, @apt. J. D. Lines, arrived at this port at half-past7 @’clock yesterday morning, after a passage of eleven days nine hours and thirty minutes from Cowes Roads. The Humboldt left Havre at 10 A. M. on the 7th jest., and, having crossed the English channel, touched off Cowes at 10 o'clock of the same evening, and having taken on board the English mails and passengers, sent from Southampton on a special steamer, immediately proceeded on her voyage. The H. brings the usual mails, 99 passengers, and 600 tons of goods, valued at $1,500,000 to $2,000,600. Among her passengers are Judge Carlton, of New Orleans, and lady; J. T. Bryan, Esq., bearer of despatches from the United States Legation at Paris; Prince Lubomirsky, and Mrs Zsulawszky, the sister of Kossuth, ber busband, and three children The H., for the most of the passage, had strong westerly winds. The British steamship America, from Bo and Halifax, reached the Mersey on the 4 at eight o'clock in the evening. The Collins’,steamship Baltic, hence, arrived at Liverpool on the 7th, at 7 A. M. The Queen and court had removed to the ro, summer residence of Osborne, Isle of Wight. When the Humboldt left, the general elections throughout the country were in full progre nd would be entirely concluded within ten day Whether this contest would definitively settle the impportant political questions at issue between the government and the country, could not, at so early asiage, be decided. It is certain that much bitter political feeling existed, and both the conservative and liberal sides were using the most strenuous exertions to obtain the mastery. The con. text wae, unhappily, also embittered by religious and sectarian animosities, particularly in the North andin Ireland, and this feeling seemed to bode that the elections would not pass off without grave dis- turbances. The London Herald (the organ of the Conserva- tive Derby party) estimates that in the new Pa ment the government would have a majority of over 150. This was however known to be incorrect, and, to the last degree, improbable. While some go 80 far as to say that Lord Derby would find himself im a considerable minority, it was generally thought that the election would result in a pretty even ba- lance of political power between the conservatives and the opposition. A few days will bring us more #pecific information from England ; meantime, even in the heat of the preparations for our own Presi- dential election, all parties on this side cannot help watching with deep interest the progress of the great struggle which has been renewed, and is in active operation, in the British Empire, between aristocratic ideas, and liberal if not democratic ten- dencies. The advices from the Rontivent are totally devoid | of interest. The disease in the vines and olive trees has re- sppeared in different parts of Piedmont, and has itted great ravages. ral hundred sail of vessels, which had fora long time been windbound eff Cabrita Point, nea, Gibraltar, were enabled to pass the Straits on the 28th ult., and proceed to their destinations, in con- sequence of the long-expected easterly wind having commenced to blow. The St. Ubes salt monopoly was considered at Lisbon as suppressed, as American, English, Rus- sian, and other vessels were already loading upon the same terms as Portuguese, and the troops were about to return to Lisbon. The quarterly returns of the revenue which were published on the 5th July, exhibited the prosperous state of the finances of the kingdom, and the extra_ ordinary elasticity of the resources of the country under the constant reductions of duties and removals ef imposts. The customs showed an increase of £183,946, the excise an increase of £23,706, the wtampe an increase of £101,331, and the property tax an increase of £80,110, The Eastern Steam Navigation Company, of London, had proposed a plan to their shareholders for building two steamships, 700 feet long and 14,000 tons burden; each vessel to have two sets of paddle wheels, and a screw propeller of an aggregate power of 3,000 horses. These vessels are to run from Milford Haven to Alexandria, and from Suez to Caleutta. It is assumed that they will go @t the rate ofthirty miles an hour, and will cost £350,000 or $1,750,000 each. The weather in England was magnificent for the harvest, and the corn market in Mark lane was ex- peedingly dull. English wheat declined Is. to 2s. yer quarter. Very little business was done in foreign wheat, the turn being decidedly in favor of the buyer. Flour, both French and American, hangs heavily on hand, and a decline had to be submitted to to tempt buyers. The money market was unaltered; capital abund- ant; bullionincreasing in the bank. Stocks and shares rather dull, but prices firm. More confidence in gold shares. The approaching elections were in- terfering with trade in the manufacturing districts. Businese was limited at Manchester and Leeds, with priees in favor of the buyers. At Nottingham, there was a slight increase ef operations; but the home trade was dull. At Bradford, more doing. At Birmingham, less activity, arising from local causes. The Irish linen trade unchanged. Havre cotton market dull and declining. At Liverpool, the cot- ton market was decidedly flat on the 5th inst., with sales of 6,000 bales; sales on the 6th, 5,000 bales. Prices unchanged. Our London Correspondence. Lowpon, July 6, 1852. The Elections in England--Somce of the Candidates --The Religious Element—American Ships Char- tered ly the English Government for Australia, he. & The tocsin hae at length sounded through the land, and the good people of England, at command of their Queen, are up in arms, some to vote, but the greater part to look on at the voters as they go to the polls, and shout at those who give in votes on their tide, and groan at the others. How very different a Queen’s speech is from a President’s mes- tage. All that the people care about here, appr rently, on the occasion of a Queen's speoch, is to see the show, and it certainly ie a brilliant sight, and an imposing spectacle, when her Majesty leaves Buck- ingham Palace, in the Park, to go in royal state to meet her loyal subjects, the Lords and Commons, in Westminster. The fine weather having just set in, after incessant rains and cold weather, and it having become suddenly hot—as hot as the dog days at New York—the scene on this last occasion, as you will have perceived from the long accounts in the papers, was truly magnificent, and to those who admire the trappings and gaudy exhibitions of royalty, must have been admi- rable. Residing not far from the Park, though early on the ground, I found the place already filled with an immense expecting crowd, and all we eould do was to catch a glance as+the procession along the wide avenue of St. James's Daves is very popular, as ever, and was greeted on ber pA st vociferous cheers. It was a grand sight. The elections in the various boroughs, cities, oud country tower, do Bot HAE page, HF WIth you, | simultancowly, on one day, and at ono timo, bat one after the other, at different times, so that there is a constant succession of excitemont kept up for a long od. One of the most interesting spots in the wide camp throughout the land, which is now in commotion, is called the Tower Hamlets, which is a large area in and around Londoa, numbering out £0,000 houses, the tenants of which are enti- tled to a vote. Before the Reform bill was passed, none of these hawlets or districte were represented, and now it is the most liberal and democratic con- : sy inthe kingdom. ee several candidates who have been bronght forward, qgere are tw@remarkable pergons, Dot alie- gether nown in America, who are prominent eandidases in this section, Tneee two are the noto- rious George Thompson, and the no less notorious Robert Newton, the hero of the ]ate turn out of the amalgamated workmen. his man'is aremarkable instance of the gullibility of the people, and how designing men make them a catepaw tor their own advancement. A few years ago he was a poor working mechanic in the North of England ; he is now a geutieman, with a handsome income ; as the secretary of a moneyed corporation, a great insur- ance company, resides in one of the handsoine squares of London, and is a candidate for Parlia- ment. The history and the means by which be has raised himself to this position are.as follows :—Hav- ing distinguished h mself among his fellow work- men, in the North, as a great advocate of Mr. Owen’s peculiar views of society, and having, in fact, made himself busy in propagating socialivin and discontent among the workingmen, he became obnoxions to his employers, as an incessant agi- tator, and not being able to obtain any more employment in those regions, came up to Lon- don, representing himself as a martyr to the cause of the working people. A number of his trade, the engineers of London, then took him by the hand, and, clubbing together, set him up m a public house in a neighborhoood crowded with operatives, and supported him with all their custom, so that the house being made the common rende» vous for the working classes, their meetings, &c. being held there, and he a great speaker on every occasion, he did a good business. He acquired a great influence over .ke minds of the engineers, and persuaded them to the great strike against their employers, and led to the formation of the Amalga- mated U n. Fands were collected to the amount of £25,000 s d his | » he being the ceoretary mover of the whole concern. Things immingly now; he fiattered the wen with ot certain triamph, and threw them ‘oke out of employment and good situa for some were in | the regular receiptof as much per week wages. But the power of the society, embodied as a corpora- tion, was great, and the workmen throughout the kingdom were obliged to obey and foliow the com- ids of the leaders. Now, a man holding large at his disposal, is necessarily a importance, and co! quently Mr uble to show favor as pleased, wherever he might be willing to deposit | the money he held. By aclever negotiation, as it is said, the money was deposited with an insurance n was in want of fands, and, in con- nereof, Mr. Newton was made secretary, cal He then sold the good will of sublie house for a handsome sum, aud withdrew to an elegant and private mansion, he forth a leman and a man of some public im- Though he hus injured and ruined I of workmen who before were in ir by infusing discontent into their minds, and making them atisfied with their condition, so that they changed it for a worse, es clung to him with the belief friend, and hasall along been a great The Preparations In England for Election Asa sample, we extract from the London Times the onith paragraph on the subject of a seizure of arms in Liverpool, which were being manufae- tured for the amg of bloodshed at the election:— On Saturday, from information received by the police, a posse of constables were despatched to the worl of Mr. Jarvis, turner, W mm street, where they found popeat several hundred weapons of the most formidable description. These were at once seized and conveyed to the police office; they filled a large spring cart. For some time past the protectionist party have been boasting, in regard to the election, that they would “‘win, tie, or bring it to a wrangle;” and many of the worst characters in Lancashire and Cheshire have been brought forward for the purpose, as is generally believed, of intimi- dating the liberal electors from making their ap- pearance on the election day. The new head con- stable, however, Captain Greig, an old soldier, was not to be Cr into any party mea- sures; and he has already won Pass opinions by the prompt and vigorous precautions taken to.se- cure the peace on Tuesday and Wednesday next. The Mayor, also, who, though belonging to the protectionist party, is a high spirited, honorable man, has expressed his determination to call the magistrates together, for the purpose of adopting measures to secure the public e. The weapons seized were ordered by an alderman of the borough, amember of the Orange society. Each weapon consisted of two pieces of seasoned ash, of about two teet Jong, turned like a constable’s staff, so as to give firm hold for the hand, and fitting into each other by a screw, so as when united, to constitute a pike-handle four feet long. That they were intend- ed as a pikestaff is obvious, for one end fitted into aring, and in that end was an indent into which a pike blade or spike could be driven. It has since transpired that weapons of an equally formidable descriptian, but upon a different principle, have | tepeuares they have poured been manufactured in other places, but all are made after models suggested by a foreign refugee, to the Chartists, some years ago. The weapons were con- veyed immediately to the Town Hall, and the he id constable was summoned by the Mayor to ascertain and report upon the existence of an alleged con- spiracy to provoke a breach of the peace on the day of the nomination. The Australian Cold Diggings—Interesting Statistles, (From the London Times, July 7.) Tther papers relative to the recent discave- 5 Id in Australia,” presented to Parliament by command of ber Majesty, just before the close of t sion, are by far the most valuable and au- thentic collection of facts we have yet obtained on this important subject; and the Binebook which contains them, is further provided with an excellent map of the southeastern portion of the Australian continent, indicating by appropriate dabs of gam- hoge the auriferous deposits which appear to speckle the whole of that territory. We have here, there- fore, at complete history of the first slx months of this ular revolution in the condition of a colony which seems dest: things an exception and a con Niws of nature. The despatches of Mr. Latrobe, Lieutenant Gover- nor of Victoria, convey the most vivid picture of the extent and value of these discoveries of gold, and of their effect on the population. Soon after the Spend of the Ballarat diggings, 1,300 licenses were issued. The ore was found pure, in irregular masses of ‘great beauty,” scattered in the blue clay and other superior formations, and sometimes in lumps weighing seven or nine ounces. ‘** I wit- nessed,”’ says Mr. Latrobe, “during my visit, the washing of two tin dishes of this clay, of about 20 inches in diameter, the yield of which . was no less d toform in all trast to the ordinary ion and advocate for their rights. Hence it mprovable but that he will be elected with George Thompson. This latteris ver, and is sure to be elected as the representative of a strong and powerful party—a party which,it may | carries all before it, because it rides over | ndineludes them all within itself—and | ofessing pious and religious party. | The zeal and energy of this latter party is pe- | culiarly lively and powerfally enkindled at tuis | present moment, by a rallying ery, which has never failed when thoroughly got up, to ite the whole | body of professors, and that cry is_ ‘No Popery,” | * Down with the Papists.”” With the zealous pro- fessors, a bitter zenl aud hatred of Roman Catho- \ licism, is a sure test of true religion; and men feel they are undoubtedly going to heaven, if they hate Popery, as they call it, with true sincerity. They consider Popery to be ** all ev and therefore if it, they feel that they hate ‘all evil” * very good,” c i th ty ” of course, wi commit. Aston They reagon thu: rse a good man a but my fellow creatures, the Ro- and I hate them; theref to heaven for goin man ( I hate e tred of ¢ ed inte a tue P’ per- on of reasoni: al even, acts of bra- Y, Violence, and bloodshed, by reverting to uny Ii the lex talronis be the law of society, there would be in an instant a total de- struction and overthrow of all society. I refer you » to the copious accounts in the journals of these ter- rible riots of religion. If rioters ought to be hang up, When religion becomes a rioter tue bruse ought not to escape. The shipowners recently ma complained at the change of the old res @ navigation laws, and the opening of free trade and competition in the matter of ships and navigation ; but they had no reason to complain, as facts now prove. There ix no want of employment for ships and shipping—the shipowners of England are not able to supply the eho demand. A sin- v telit prior causes. le a great fuss an } lutions, and risings have done for the last hundred ular proof of this has lately been afforded. The British Government has actually employed Aime- rican ships to carry noepen nets to Australia; they advertise for tenders, and the tenders of Ameri ships have been taken. The rage and rush for emi gration to Australia continue unabated, and the gold also, from these regions, continues to pour in. A very singular fact is now on revord—a thing which never happened before, viz:—that the Bank of England has now in its vaults nearly one million of specie, exceeding the whole amount of per in circulation. All this money from and Australia must get into circulation, and if does, it will produce @ greater revolution in fa of the working classes, than all the émeules rev The effect will be to raise the price of labor, y fifty per cent, enriching, of course, the working cl In England, the wide-awake capitalists have begun to take the alarm, and the way they ex- préss it is this: they say such an operation will de- preciate our sovereign, or our money, fifty per cent. They represent itas a fatal calamity, and say the effe ill be to depreciate the gold in circulation I say, the sooner the better euch a revolution comes, by which the capitalist is obliged to puli out of his pocket double what be did re for the peyment, and employment of the labore ben the Jaborer will spend double what he did bo and then all who supply the great mass of } e, Will fod their trade double better than what | it before, when the great mass is doubly be eff than it we They call this a deprecin- | tion of the coin, a full of fifty per cent ia the value years of the sovereign or eagle. Let it come. But it is no such thing, this money logic is almost as bad as the religious logic above referred to. Suppose onght to have ten dollars a week, and J have been paying him five dollars a week, pretty for me to say that my money is depreciated fifty per cent, because circumstances arise which do | bim justice and compel me to pay him ten dollars instead of five. Oh, tempora! oh, mores! It ig said that some speculator has been selling in Hungary pieces of broom stick, as pieces of the iden- tical brooms with which the brewers men, the fan- tails of Barclay & Perkin’s brewery, belabored Marshal Haynau, on his Juckless visit to that famous establishment. Methinks the boy, Emperorof Austria, must have spoiled the trade, to judge by the enthu- siasm which he has inspired among the the Magyarsin his favor. ‘Thus end the hopes andglory of Kossuth, and thus a little bit of humbug is disposed of and blown to the winds. The fact is, if a people do not want to be free, the man is a fool and a tyrant who would force them. Liberty for ever! "And that means not only liberty to be one thing, but liberty to be the other, if you wish it. Men ought to leave one another as free as God leaves them, and if a man wiehes to go to hell, no man ought to burn h ond rowst bim to force him to go to heaven. logic | | pt the elections, which are burning like a | onthe top ofa hill, and like a “prairie on | fire.” and except ‘fearful incidents by flood and | field,” and except villany, and roguery, and mar- | der, and crime—all is as dull a6 ditch-water. Of Freneh, aud German, and Spanish, and Tursish, beac and Russian, and Austrian, and Prossian, and [ta- lian, and other affairs in this hemisphere, you are eli advised by your able correspunde: 1 attempt not to meddle with ti especitiy French, ex site all interest The fact is, if we haa not other people’s af- here. taire to louk into, we should have nothing to de eur own are Bele muPh ag yD! the last we consider. § | even this was soon surpassed by the dis | gold has hitherto been found, Mr. Latrobe declares | or to the result of the opening of these fields.” | last year, in the Bathurst district of New South | vert to the subject, in order to take into cons! than eight pounds weightof pure gold.” The aver- age produce of thisspot was estimated for some ti: at about 700 ounces and upwards per Mount Alexander. The gold raised there in Decem- ber was calculated by hundredweights, and arrived in the cities on the coast at the rate of about two tons a week. Some 20,000 persons were soon con- gregated in the district. Ballarat was comparatively deserted, and from the general prevalence all over the colony of the same geological formaticn ia which that be can ‘contemplate no limit to the discoveries , Meanwhile, he adds, the whole structure of so- ciety and the whole machinery of government are dislocated. Upon the first discovery of gold in May, Wales, the moral efiect on the laboring ¢! Ss was violent, and appeared to bee ted; bat the sed disc i ed ail con- towns of d of their Melbourne and male inhabitan' h it was impossible for they building contracis s try be i ned their apy neral of toria apprehanded a total their dey i The Superi nounced the qT lige Sess r department Colopial surgeon feared 1 f the ate tendants at the lunatic asy should throw up their situations, for in fact that establishment was never, more needed by the community. Mr. Latrobe continued to rely, with a confidence which was not altogether disappointed, on the reacticn which must ensue when many of these persons would find hy experience that they were utterly unfit to encounter the lsbor of the diggings, and that they might turn the discovery of gold to account by the increased value of their industry, or their ‘abilities in other branches of occupation. But it became absolutely neces- sary to the public service forthwith to raise, by from 50 to 100° per cent, the salaries and wages of all persons employed. Thus, the wages of the police, turnkeys, letter carriers, &e., were raised from 4s. €d. to 7s. and 8s. a day, and the salaries of clerks about 50 per cent” The rise of wages and of prices had been even larger in private employments. Laborers rose from 5s. to 15s. and 20s. a day; on artisans’ wages the increase was from 80 to vl gs cent; men cooks got £2 and £3 a week; female servants rose 25 per cent. The quartern loaf rose in price froin 5d., in December, S10, to Is. 4d. and even Is. 8d., in December, 1851; meat doubled in price; bacon rose from 6d. to 28.3 1 op all other articles of domestic consumption rise was fiom 50 to 100 percent. House rent, hotel charges, cartage, and boat hire, rose 50 per cent; clothes, hardware, and furniture, 100 per ddiery was not to be got, and the price of g¢ a horse increased from 5s. to 25: Kot less than 11,000 persons had arrived by se the colon; of Victoria in the last six months of 1851 from the Ist to the 17th January of this year; 8: licenses were issued for the month. As the vast majority of these persons arrived as consumers of general a and producers of no article but Rol , the colony was obviously drained of all other commodities, while gold became in excess. The grand total of gold brought down un- der escort in the last three months of 1451, from all the diggings in Victoria, was 124,835 ounces, va lucd at £574,505; but it is calculated that not more than two-fif:hs of the gold collected is forwarded by escort, so that the real amount found would be more than double this sum. The total amount known to been exported down to the #th of January, 2, from Victoria, ie upwards of 220,000 ounces: and the quantity shipped from Sydney is 142,975 ounces. When it is remembered that ali these ef- fects have been produced in little more than six months from tle first discovery of the gold down to the date of the latest despatches, and that the scene of action is in an almost unexplored region of that prtion of the globe most remote from Surope and from civilization, they will certainly be ranked among the most curious and surprising phenomena in the history of mavkind. We shall shortly ree idera- tion the measures taken, or to be taken, by the home authorities, on the receipt of this’ intelli- gence. Those measures concist chiefly in an im- mediate increase of the military and naval forces in the colony, for, as matters now stand, a well armed “irate, who should anchor in Hobson's Bay, would have no difficulty in laying the capital of Victoria under contribution to any amount; and even the maintenance of peace and order in the town depends inainly on the good will of the respectable inhabi« tants. The second object is the promotion of emi- gration in the form most calculated to provide for the general wants of the community; and the last is the question of establishing a local mint and as- say office, in order to legalize the traneactions in old, by introducing a regular standard of fineness. hese subjects have been attentively considered by Her Majesty's preemanestt, and in part provided for by Sir John Pakington, whose last despatches to Sir Charles Fitzroy and Mr. Latrobe are also before us: but whatever may be the measures taken, it is impossible not to een that the influx of loose cmigration from all countries, the sudden overthrow of the ordinary standard of value in the colony, and the consequent suspension of the usual and neces sary occupations of many classes of society, will, for some time to come, be attended with very serie ous inconvenience. THE GOLD FIRLNS OF VICTORIA, AUSTRALIA. (Fiom the Melbourne Argus, March 4 | ‘upon us; and all sorts of vogue stions and wild estimates have been | promulgated, varying in their results to an extent | ve startling to those who really value sound sta- tistical information. The amount si d—the amount brought down by the government escori— the amount through the banks, or pur- chased by individual brokers, have euch and all been the groundwork of estimates of the ac- tual yield, and with a variety in the ultimate con- clusions w! would be amusing if it were not a matter of national im; is at iseue. A few weeks ago we ventured to throw together such few data as we thought important in arrivin, at an accurate estimate, and the opinions arrive at, avowedly founded, as in part they were, upea mere conjecture, have since proved to have been so near the truth, that we think it very well worth while once more to reeur to the subject—once more to collate and compare such facts as may lead to a tolerably sound syne, on the part of the commu- nity, a8 to the real value of the treasure which we have Jately discovered at our feet. In proceeding to endeavor fairly to estimate the extent of the golden harvest already reaped, we will first show how erroneous has been the opinion very fone held, that the great bulk of the gold has een conveyed to market through the agency of the sovernment escort. In our last estimate, we calcu- jated the amount which had arrived by aoa hand at one-third of that which had travelled by the means expressly provided for it, and we calculated it at that in accordance with the opinions of many gentlemen of high authority in such matters, but with a strong impression on our own part that an: such proportion was less than the reality. This impression is now borne out by the following facts. he notice in the Government Gazette, aunounc- ing the establishment of an armed escort, bears date the 30th of September, 1851. On the follow. ing day, the first pe transmitted by this modo of conveyance arrived in Geelong, then the headquar- ters of te gold mines of Victoria. The following is a list of Successive arrivals from that date to the present, the quantities conveyed to Melbourne and Geelong being added together:— AMOUNT BY BROORT. 96 Deo, 31, 1,229 Jan, 7 1.998 “ 15 2708 “« 2.336 4721 S474 10.188 12.106 Total b: Val at id 7. 19,492 23 ou & +, 10861 And now let us Jook at the amountof gold which has actually reached the markets, and about the existence of which there can be no possible doubs, the whole having either been already shipped, or being now lodged in known places. At the beginning of this month, the amount of ‘old actually shipped and entered through the Justom House consisted of 455,061 ounces, valued at £1,365,183, or nearly twice the amount arrived by_escort. We subjoin the list of vessels conveying gold, and the amount shipped respectively by each:— 1851 per 0 51, oz dot gr Oct. 20—Shamrock. for Sydney... 1.547 15 0 Noy. 6—Coquette, for Sydney. 788 6 4 19—Shamreck, for Sydney... 2.65217 0 Dec. 6—Hero, for London...... 00 15—Doreet. for Nobart Tow: 5 0 22—Melbourne, for London 00 24—Shamreck, for Sydney. 4933 0 0 20—Favorite, for Sydney. 744 612 Himaluya, for London 60 Jan, 6—Hirondeile, for Sydney..... seooe 1,703 1 7—Swordiich, for Hobart Lown., 900 0 $—Phebe, for Sydney... 0 Ji—Prilbant, for London... 4 ji—Thomas and Henry, for Launees- ton... seco eee ” 1 16—Sarah Avn, for London 0 20—Suranne, for Hamburg 0 )—Shomrock, for Sydney. 0 20—State:man. for London 0 '—May Queen, for Londen for Syduey...... tabel, for Londen pe Horn, for Sydney 5—Favcrite, for Sydnioy 6—Helen. for London... €—Corneiivs, for London eifoyle, for London. of Wales, for Sydney 20—Clara for Syduey..... 25—Enchante 25—Shairock, Feb. ecoococococeesoccmcan Hoo] eccoccocooecc]e] +i oe ++44+-455,061 10 6 on to which, the amounts lying wy rot yet applied for by the diggers or and the amounts in the honds of the G We have been 2 in each case, amounts— shere and with the requ and we bow add togethe e vation Amouvt cf gold shipp Amount lying in t at Union Bi long. a . * Amount at Dank of Austr, Amount at Bank of Value at £3 per ev We now have tc shown by the re tained fae dbs ) t gold ac ipped or safely lodged in the d tienrury that the amount brought down by pri- e hand very much exceeds that transmitted by escort, We must resort, in an endeavor to form some estimate of the total amount as yet realized, to something very little better than conjecture. We heg of our readers, particularly those at a distance, to remark distinctly the line of demareation which separates our facts from our estimates arrived at without that solid foundation. Any attempt to estimate the quantity of gold held by private bands in the two great markcts is one of as guess work. In our last calculations, of the ‘9th of November and 20th of December, we stated it at 8,000 ounces; but since then so common an article of merchandise has gold become, and so erred do we see it handed about in its little washleather bags, that, considering the numbers of returned diggers now in the two great towns, we think that we may safely triple the amount we have named, and consider 24,000 ounces now held exclur sive of that at the banks and treasury as a very mo- derate estimate, Again, the smount hela by the diggers and ates gold field, e: re ers along the roads, and at t! annot arrived at by access to any Py, reliable data. On the 26th of December, we calculated the number of diggers on the roads and on the ground at 20,000, and allowed them four ounces of gold dust each. The diggers now at Mount Alexander cannot be less than twice that number, or 40,000; but as the dry weather has lately very much diminished their in- dividual success, we will only allow them one-half as much per man as in our last estimate, or two ounces cach. The total yield of the Victoria gold fields will thus stand as follows:— Ounces. Amount actually shipped to the 2d of March. 455,06 Amount held in the feoks and treasury.... 94,209 Estimated amount in private hands in the Estimated amount in the hands of digg and others on the road and at the mines.. $0,000 | Total. scccsssccceccsesssssevsceves + 653,570 —Or, 54,459 Ibs. 2 02.; 544 ewt. 39 Ibs 2 02 ; 27 tons 4ewt. 29lbs 20z. —Total value sterling, £1,959,810. Aud even here we exclude all gold conveyed by vivate hands to adjacent colonies, which has not been passed at the customs, although, if these amounts were attainable, we have no doubt that they would prove to be very great in the aggregate. As we have stated before, the first large discovery of gold in this colony was announced on the 29th of September; so that the above most astonishing re- sults have all been achieved within a trifle over five months. When the energies of the diggers are set free again by the arrival of the rainy season, we be- lieve that through the industry of the vast number of people now assembled on the ground, an amount of gold will be sent into the market, infinitely greater and more astounding than anything we have yet seen. The Effect in England of General Scott's Nomination. 4 ed the London Times, July 6 } It would seem that the power or the fortune which guides the irregular movements of universal eufirage in the United States has served the interests of the democratic party, both in the choice of its own candidate, and in the nomination of his sole antagonist. The sudden turn in parties which brought up the name of General Pierce, in prefor- ence to those of General Cass, Mr. Buchanan, and Mr. Douglass, eos she man at the head of one of the great political sections of the United States, who, though less known than his competitors, is Rone. more worthy of confidence and esteem. he unex, d decision which has, after all, made General Scott the candidate of the wae Party, falls, on the contrary, upon the least able of the three men who had courted the suffrages of the people on that side. Mr. Fillmore has the ro- commendation of experience in office and respec. tability. Mr. Webster has undoubted abilities of the frst order, and may be said to be the only citizen of the’ Union who takes rank at the pre- sent dhy as a statesman both abroad and at home. Gen Scott’s notorict; baad raion from cl the Mexican cam w ‘iven on Precident tor the United States in the person ot jeneral Taylor. Scott took the com- Ge mand of the operations in Southern Mexico with Worth’s division, and it was under his orders that Vera Cruz was taken, Cerro Since the first discovery of the wonderfally pro- ifie gold wines of thir colony, a continuous tiveoss jon Ler gesgon up to the agioa extens of the the battles of Gordo and Churubusco fought, and the city of Mexico -. tured by storm. He may now be considered tl wort eminent commander in the Ameriggn army. But his perronal quelities and hie political opinions are far below his nepasetiont i the Cogged opposition with which the partisans of Mr. Filmore aud Mr. Webster labored respectively against the candidate they had most reason to fear, bas ended in placing on the whig “ticket” the name | of the very mam who is least likely to redeem the confidence of bis supporters. In fact, the advan- tage of Gen. Picree’s name to the democrats, and the disadvantage of Gen Scott’s name to tho whigs, were both sg graocale Te ized, that the latter ‘was supposed to have lost al chance. The very last telegraphic message that arrived before the conven- tion had terminated its labors led us to suppose that the nomination ef Fillmore or Webster was certain. But in a democratic convention, as in a conclave of cardinals, nothing is lost as long as the ballot box can be kept going. The Pope and the President of the United States are the two principal elective rulers of mankind ; and though the constituencies differ, the mechanism of parties is not dissimilar, and the result just ag capricious in one case as in the other. But in this instance we doubt whether any nomina- tion would have materially altered the chances of the whig candidate ; and as far as the general in- tereste of the Union and its relations with ourselves are concerned, Gen. Pierce has our best wishes for hie success. The primary question for the United States in this election, as it is for ourselves in the electoral con- tests of thie week, is the national sanction aod in- violable establishment of the principles of free trade. For, though no country is more interested in the adoption and extension of those principles than the American Union, the fight has hitherto been carried on against the avowed opinions of the executive government. Mr. Fillmore’s messages and Mr. Cor- win’s reports have continued to avow protectionist doctrines worthy to rank with Lord Granby’s politi- cal economy, and Mr. G. F. Young’s statistics ; and the country has only escaped the imposition of more restrictive duties by the fact that the present Ameri- can government has never possessed a majority on these questions in the House of Representatives. The triumph of the candidate of the democratic party, brought forward by the men of the South, wili secure, probably for ever, the ascendency of iberal cemmercial principles, and if Lord Derby should next year be disposed to take the American tariff for his model, we have little doubs that it will serve te remove the last illusions of the protective system from his mind. In this respect, and on this point, we take General Pierce to be a fuir representa- tive of the opinions of Mr. Calhoun, and, as such, a valuable practical ally to the commercia) policy of this country. But though this may be the question of the day, it is not the most deep-seated or vital question which arabs servant in the United States has to solve. e bas also to consider—and that con- stantly and above all things—the mode of dealing with the subject ef negro slavery in all its numer- ous ramifications, so as best to retain the one great ohjoct—the stability of the existing confederation. Some of our readers will have read with surprise an expression in one of the recent letters of our in- telligent American correspondent, to the effect that the cause of abolitionism is at an end, and that the dangerous experiment of sacrificing the common interests of the Union to the rights of the black population was no longer to be thought of. On that peas the Americans, even in ‘New England, ave submiited to bitter contradictions and trials for the sake of institutions which they abhor as cordially as we do ourselves, The idea of na- tional duty has predominated in their minds over the impulses of natural humanity, of free nights, and of free labor. The free soilers have submitted to a compromise, and the Fugitive Slave act is in force throughout the Union.— These measures are acknowledged to be the price which men, trained in a very different school, have been compelled to ry for the grand object of na- tional harmony. he suspicion that some of General Scott’s opinions might be averse to them was £0 injurious to him soon after he came forward, that he was obliged fermally to repudiate them ; and even now the stronghold of the democratic party is their vigorous adberence to all the con- ditions which the preservation of the Union may impose. But though this policy has a patriotic object and a manifest advantage, it is not the less based upon an imprudence and an_ injustice. It is impossible that the intricate and alarming questions arisng out of the presence of a large apd increased pace, of black men and slaves on the soil of certain States in the Union, can ever be set at rest. The million-headed evil is there, end so little can it be removed or obliterated, that its indirect consequences are felt even in regions where not a slave is found, from the wild confines of Minbezota, now first springing into social and political life, to the hearts of Now England. A party may agree to stifle the danger; but they have made no step towards the diminution of it. Onthe contrary, they demand larger concessions from their sister States, until the federal authority itself is employed to rivet the chains of the slave. There e & trace to the eae of the question of ion, or it may be kept down by measures as 28 those bh would be sypplied to other sof eee d vion in St. Vetersbucg or in s. But the disease remains and spreads un- cured, and the increasing rigor ef the tions token in the slave States against the emuncipation ne; he best proof that, on this subject, D impoesi Do what they will, there will one day be civil rights, there will one day be free labor for the black mun as well as for the white wen, on the whole continent of America; aud the wisest policy is that which should prepare the coun- try for the inevitable transition, and not that which afiects to rely on the everlasting duration of one of the greatest evils that exists beneath the gun. France. The fellowing are further particulars relative to the conspiracy discovered in the suburbs of Paris:— The Prefsct of Police has been for some time aware that certain individuals, remarkable for the violence of their political opinions, were organizing a secret society, with the object of assassinating Louis Napoleon, and of overthrowing the existing government. The conspirators chose for their place of meeting a lonely house in the Rue de la ine Blanche, neurly opposite the Gobelins, of which one ofthe body, a tailor, was porter. The Prefect of Police discovered further that they were afiliated with other socialists, and that they were busy in fabricating infernal machines of a new description. The Prefect consequently determined to eatch the conspirators flagranti delicto, and for that purpose he commanded that a body of ee should surronnd the house at the moment was informed the parties should be at work. His commands were ex¢culed on Thursday morning last. When the police entered the house, they found men busi!y employed in covering some gas pipes with tar cloth. Other individuals were Subsequently discovered similarly employed, and, among them, several women. All tilose persons, to the number of thirteen, were immediately arrested, and a strict search made in their dwellings The result of the search hus been the seizure of Va- rious documents, receipts for fabricating guupowder, and letters from some members of the revolutionary oft | committee established in Londen. The police au- thorities, guided by the information contained in the documents seized, continued theirinvestigations, and within the last two Cays they have arrested altogether tirty-iwo individuals, inelading seven women anda young girl. Among the nineteen persons last arrested, there were found writings which appear to connect them with the secret society in the Rue de la Reine Blanche. At the lodgings of one of them was found a machine similar to the first discovered. The greater number of persons arrested belong to the operative classes. There are among them tailors, masons, stonceutters, shocmakers, cabinetmakers, trunkmakers, cartmukers, leather breechesmakers, and among the women fancy dressmukers. There is likewise Charles Pelletier, an ex-schoolmaster ; Dr. Favre, a physician; M. Corbet, a barrister; M. Martin, a clerk in a public office; M. Nouvel, one of Causeiditre’s montagnards, and five of the insur- gents of June, who were*transported, and subse- quently pardoned. The following details are from the Pairie The information which we have obtained since yester- day enables us to confirm the accounts we have already pe lished relative to a conspiracy iu Paris, Tuis plot is vat too real, and we even go the length of declaring that it has not much surprised us, ‘That, uotwihstanding the security which we enjoy, and the assent given by France to the chief cf the State, and the lively sympathies which surround and support the government, there are still demagogues incorrigible enough to dream of the violent overthrow of our institutions, can cause but a very mode- rate share of astonishment We are, however. at present, delivered from all apprensions, for plots, though they may be formed, can never degenerate into emeutes, Thanks to the vigilance and activity of the goverument, they will always be stified in their birth, Frosh arrests have been made to day, and aise) them are an advocate, 4 physician, an ex-communal t er, An ex-lientenant of artillery. some old montagnards, and some prisoners who have been liberated from Belle Isle, A letter from Le Mans in the Sarthe, states that, feditious placards were posted in varius paser that town, containing insults addressed to the Pre- sident of the republic. It was remarked that one of these ecditious writings was placed by the side of each copy ofthe President's message to the Legiala- tive Assembly. The Sarthe is one of the yon ments in which the socialists have been least disor- ganized by the events of Fe The Moniteur unces, ina communicated note, that the President baving been informed of the in- tention to give banquets in his honor during his approaching tour in the departments, has resolved not to accept anys however touched he may be by ns. is aan Lhe of a favorable change in the 98 matters in France were greatly phe The damage done to the crops ‘of wh at and grapes will not turn out to be nearly so as wae at first expected. The harvest though some- late will be a good ave one. New silk vag, beg! ‘ the markets of the was beginning to appear in southern departments. The wine markets gener- ally were lower. The manufacturers in Paris were very busy in executing foreign orders. he Monitew: containe the following deeree :— Asus Napdecw, Prysigent of the Payach i ctreringy Art. 24 of the Constitution, decrees as fol- lows :— | Art. 1 —The session of the Senate of 1852, opened on tht ‘20th March last, is hereby closed. Art. 2 —The present proclamation shall be carried to’ iven at the of . Cloud, f LOUIS NAPOLEON, X. pe Casamanca, Minister of State. | ‘The Lyons journals of the 3d inst. state that tho! waters of the Saone were only then slowly with- drawing from the low lands, and that great foars were Gntertained of the hay crop being entirely des« troyed. THE FOURTH OF JULY IN PARTS. The 76th anniversary of the declaration of the in« dependence of the Uuited States was celebrated ow Saturday, the 3d, by the Americans in Paris, and w number of their friends, at the Cercle des Deux Mondes. M. Méry and M Latour St. Yoars read verses composed in honor of the day, the former dwelling on the natural beauties of Amorica, and the latter on the virtues of Washington. After- wards, M. Shelton Sanford, Secretary of the Ameri- os Legation at Paris, pronounced the following ad ress :— Notwithstanding the embarrassment I feel im express~ ing ipteord in a language which is not my own, I cannot, after having heard from the mouth of Frenchmen, ant amidst the applause of Frenchmen, admirable verses or Washington and on my country—I cannot, I say, refrain from thanking you, in the name of my countrymen, for this striking proof of sympathy and frienpship for us and ourcountry. The fie which you have just celebrated in your poetry is that of all Americans; the Feurth of July is the natal day of our republic. Every new anni- versary of that great day is always saluted with inereas- ios ie the citizens of the United States, for they con- sider that day as the starting point and the source of our prosperity, which goes on increasing with every year, On this dey our whole popuiation assembles in towns, vil+ lages, and hamlets, to hear read with respect ouf declara- tion of independence, and to join with fervor ia the prayers of pastors, demanding from heaven the duration of our glorious institutions. Celebrated as it is on all Points of the globe onwhich Amoricaus are to be found, nowhere, perhaps. does this anniversary cause them greater happiness than it does here. That is bee cause we are here amidst the generous nation to which our country is in great part indebted for its politi- cal existence and ralvarion From the other side of the Atlantic our menaced country cried to you, “ French- men, help!" and your assistauce was not wanting; you extended the hand to us, and beeame the support of the cp preren: ‘The ties which bind you to us are indissolu- ble. for you aided us te break our chains. Year ances- tors called themselves Franks. a word which. in *heir lan- Kuage. signified free; and they so called themselves be- cause they had received trom heaven a mission of liberty. You have determ not to degeade that noble name; you have dreamed of the enfranchisement of pleoples: and you have contributed to ours. Your igtervention in Awwerica forms an epoch in modern history; that was the first sign of the new spirit, the first step of tho new revo- Jution, the first shock of the sublime fioid which enlightens and destroys, the death blow of old society. The echo of that blow still vibrates in every ear; the soil still trembles beneath our steps by the shock it pro- duced, Terrible storms. it is true, followed; bat storms purify the afr; and France has the rave’ privilege of coming out of them greater and more brilliant. The United States, once arrived at independence, no longer had any enemies to combat, and an era of prosperity un) | exampied in the annals of history commenced for them. © Their wars have given them peace—their servitude has secured them liberty—their misfortunes have brought them a long continued and marvellous prosperity. These { benefits we owe in great part to France. We know that, and take pleasure in repeating it. The friendships which have gratitude for their basis are the most durable. ‘Thus the love of the United States for France will be eternal. and never will the sword of war dare to sever it. Every day, thanks to steam, the Atlantic becomes nar- rower, and our two nations draw nearer to each other: their relations become more Nhs omrtase! exebunge of their productions more active. They are friends, they. are sisters. and at the same time rivals; but there is no- thing hostile in their rivality—it isa noble emulation, which has for its object manufactures, wealth, arte, science, and literature—in a word, all that constitutes the force. the glory, and the power of nations, The whole proceedings of the day passed over most pleasantly. ‘ lers. Alg! The accounts from Algiers state that the insurree: tion against the French had been completely pu! down at all points. The Governor General, wh¢ had been about to set off for the disturbed distriets, at once relinquished the idea. Switzerland. The Swiss journals announce that the Council of the State of the Vaud had determined to order M. Thiers, now in Vevey, to remove into the interior oj the country. This decree was equivalent to expul: sion from Switzerland. M. Thiers has preferred the latter alternative." These proceedings were taken at the heel Ene of Louis Napoleon, who thus shows himeelf desirons to visit M. Thiers with un- compromising vindictiveness. ‘The Cape of Good Hope. The royal mail steamship Bosphorous reached Plymouth on the 6th July, with dates from the Cape of Good of Hope to the 29th Mi The nows from the frontier is to the 25th of May, and is of a very ndecisive character. General Cathcart has estab- ished his head-quarters at Fort Beaufort, and is creak cen all along the frontier—thare is one at the Tamacha; the Rifles are at Boby’s Farm; the 74th and 91st, and Cape Mounted Rifles, under Colonel phi, are at Balfour, and Colonels Byre and Mitchell are at Keishama’s Hock, where a fort is being erected. No casualties of moment have occurred Juring the preceding month, but there are several indications of the unsubdued position of tho Catfres. Early in May, at ihe Fich River mouth, the two Claytons, sons of a farmer, end their ssevant Elliott, were murdered. On the 15th, near Fort Cox, an urarmed private of the Queen’s 2d Regiment was | killed, while cutting wood; and on the 20th, the Rifies had a brush in the Waterkloof, when three of that corps were wounded, and one Fingoe killed. : Andries Botha, a field-cornet, (Hottentot), after a trial of eight days, at Cape Town, had been convicted of high treason, and was sentenced to be hung. General Cathcart is seeking to raise a levy by offering the farmers 5s. a-day as privates, and: ot a-day as officers, which is considered very liberal. Markets. WRIGHT, GANDY & CO.’8 CIRCULAR. Liverroor, July 6, 1852. Corrox.—Since the departure of the Asia, our market has been tolerably steady, with a liberal supply offering, without pressure on the market; and altho business ed by the election now endings the ‘ions have been toa fair extent, it mi change in value. the arrival of the Am: on Sunday, there has been more ca; to progress; but in the midst of political excitement it is almost impossible to give a correct estimate of the ex- tent of transactions, or more ‘a partial ides of prices. We would say, however, that cotton at 5d. or over ix firmly held. and commands full rates. whilst classes be- low that standard are more freely for sale, to ef- fect which, one-eighth decline on last week's quotations must be submitted to. Speculation seems arrested for the time being; but exporters are operating, whem quality combined wit value iva temptations eee ‘4 The following are the estimated sales of the past three ays :— ij Bales. Speculation. Am. Saturday 6.000 1,500 4,700 Monday. 2,000 4800 Tues 4,600 4,000 Middling, Ordinary. New Orleans 64 Mobile . big Atlantic, . 6 5% Trade in the manufacturing districts is alike inter- fered with by political events, which engross the atten. tion of all classes, and to our last advices we can add : no new feature, business being almost wholly suspended. A return of most brilliant weather for the growing crops has created considerable apathy in our mar- ket, which aleo rules predominant throughout the king- nd with liberal importe of flour, prices are scarcely ntained, although holders do not press their stocks sorenle, The inquiry for wheat has somewhat abated, but last week's quotations have not undergone any change. Indian corn has declined Gd. a 12, per quarter, and limit- din demond. No tramactions of moment in other American produce, A. FP. AND R. MAXWELL’S CIRCULAR. Tavenvoon, Tuesday, daly 6. ‘The arrivals from Ireland and coastwise during the past week have been light, From Canada we have re- ceived 1.649 quarters wheat. 331 quarters peas, and 13,733 barrels flour. and from for ports 7,456 quarters wheat, Le quarters Indian corn, 2 260 reeks an 15,288 barrels jour, ‘The exports in the same time comprise 2051 quarters wheat, 9.419 quarters Indian corn, 1,107 sacks and 7,332 Larrels flour, The trade has been extromely quiet, though pricesof whent and flour have been fully Big Indian corn, being very scarce, commanded ex- . treme rates, and the Gee by Mitek fem peas. ' In other articles there has buen hardly anything . The weather has become extremely warm. Owing to the intervention of (lo élections, there was a very small attendance at this day's market, and scarcely any burincss was done. Yyhent ind flour remain nominally as last quoted. Oats and oatmeal met with ou extremely stow sale, at barely lute rates. Barley was neglected and rerrvely so dear; but beans and peas fully supported their value. Indian corn was in moderate demand, at 31s. 6d, per quarter for American yellow, an 32s. for Danube. Loxvon Money Manxer, Tuesday July 6—. / The quotation of gold at P. mille — nee to the bn Sans ns price of alg 5 — lard gold. gives an exel of 20.27; exe at Paris cn London at ehort being sabe follows old is about 0.22 per cent dearer in ‘aris, Ham the e of is a ea entgs plewor change of 15. & hange j.and, the exchat ov London at dwt hee 137 iC follows that ald Is abou : 0.58 per cent dearer its cont, the “*~ 1 Kain ble the exchange Is eile | ‘ is about courte of ex bills at 60 days’ sight, is 110 gis between En; 09 23-40 per cent, it follows that pally 0.92 per cent in favor of ing allowance for of the rate 4 Ry acres fe artes Seeeoc aumameee’ | | United States, The Englith funds to show contmue little variation, the etpply of stock from the public being: suficient to counteract the rite that might otherwise be regarded as ecrtaim from the favorable condition of the Bib yf Manche ds Dei sla edathaany Uae mababawoory Mabel