The New York Herald Newspaper, January 22, 1852, Page 2

N,N ARRIVAL OF THE ARCTIC. FOUR DAYS LATER FROM EUROPE. Improving Aspect of the Corn and Cotton Markets, AFFAIRS IN FRANCE. THE CZAR AND LOUIS NAPOLEON. IMPORTANT AUSTRIAN DECREES, Total Destruction of the NewSteamship Amazon, and (ne Hundred and Twenty-four Lives. TERRIBLE DISASTER AT SEA, OATH OF ALLEGIANCE TO LOUIS NAPOLEON, | Proposed Alliance between England, | France, and the United States, | Ro, Be, Rs The American mail steamship Arctic, Captain Luce, ariived at this port yesterday morning. She left Liverpool at eleven o'clock on Wednesday morning, the 7th inst., and bas, therefore, been fourtecn days in making the psssage. Our thanks are due to Captain James Braisted, of the etenmer Sylph, for accommodations extended to our news collectors in forwarding the news of the Arctic from Liverpool. Captain B. detained his etermer until our boats could reach him through the ice, and afterwards loaned us his yaw) te Jand on Long Islan The Sylph seriously in- jured her cide wheels in tho ice, but eventually managed to force a passage through Buttermilk Channe!, and arrived at dock, at Whitehall street, at ag past eleven o'clock, yesterday | mornirg. The news she brings is four of much immediate importance: were in better demand; Loui marching towards an [mpire, via the Tuiler the Emperor of Austria, aged twenty-one years, had put the finishing stroke to any sort of freedom | in his dominions; and the Germanic powers had | consolidated their naval etrength. Such, in brief, is | the rewe. The loss of the new steamship Amazon is a | @readful affair. We give all the particulars in snother column. Over one hundred and twenty lives were lost. The British mail steamship Niagara, from Bos- ton, arrived at Liverpool on Sunday, tho 4th inst. Baron Kemeny, the Hungarian, died in London | on the 5th inst. Louis Napoleon, in & etter addressed to the Em- peror of Austria, requests him to consent to have the mertal remains of the Dake de Reichstadt, now Jying at Vienna, near those of his mother, Maria Louisa, in the vaults of the Capueins, transported to Paris. | The tarifi of the telegraph, as flxed by the gBovernment, for the dispatch of twenty words, in- cluding the name of the party sending and sent to, igat the rate of 4f. SOc. for the distance between Paris and Amiens, and in proportion for a greater Gistance. The Lisbon dates are to the 24°h ult is of an entirely locel interest. | Count Gallina, Sardinian Minister at Paris, has | Gemanded hie recall. it is said that his excoessor | will be General Gracinto de Collegno. The negotiatiors in Frankfort for a common codo | of rules or regulations for controlling the press in all the States of Prussia by one system, have en- tirely failed. It is reported that Baron Monteufiel will not ro- tain his poet as President of the Council of Prussia. | He will probably be replaced by Count Arnion, of | Bortzendourg. i The correspondent of the Londen Ciiromic/e says that it was reported tears were shed in Hungary when the retirement of Lord l’almerzton became known. The Ban Jellachich hed had several in- terviews with the ministers, and an audience of the Emperor, and had returned to Agram. Advices from Belgrade mention utes as arising between | Mr. Fontblanque, the British Consul, and the re- presentatives of other powers. The newly arcived Russian Consul , fancies himself aggrieved, the English Consul having sent his card instead of pay- ing him the usual visit The Moniteur, of the (th inst., contains a decree | conceding the Lyons railway to an /:nglish com- pasy and ten French companies, under condition of the payment of 111,000,000 fr. to the covern- ment as a reimbur: t. The report for the week is highly eatisfactory. Business hal gea- dually increased, ard that of the previous week had ¢xceeded by one-fourth the bus acted at the same period of the year before. ‘al of confidence had given a stimulus t The bank was gradually opening its cof @iscounts. New banking com i formed, one of which would alarge scale. There bad the value of ogricultur purcharcs made for partments of the Rhine, The London L£upress say the competition of the clippers, the French the rivalry. I this claes afloat; is now laying down on employed on the Braz The Cologne U patch from Vienna, datedthe | that scveral important decree The constitution of the ith jebed, and the privilegce the gated. The foundatior of the State is defined altered in a conservati consideration for A civil and penal ¢ troduced into the crown | tionaries and goverame of congervation, § landed proprictary Cardinal Patiizi ha ing the Noman public that the descended to grant the pormisti culinary operations on fast-days during th year. The time of Lont is excepted from this ; Vision The directors of ihe given notice, tha tion of cath in th terest no deposi whore funds they take The deficiency of corr that an Austrian com maga he ¢ The dearth hes not arisen co much from devastated condition of | | her ater, and not otton and corn Napoleon was The news | | i T elgiuw expense. a bad harvest ae from the the country, and the inability of the poasastry to cultivate it. Upwards of 1,000 fires cccurred in London during the rr ‘he amount of property insured in Lowton fe estimated at £300,000,000. Jt ic undoratood that Mr. James Wilson, M. P., Secretary to the Board of Control, is to have the Vice-Previdency of the Board of Trade. It is stated that a colossal statute of the Emperor Bonaparte, thirty feo high, ig to bo placed on the Ky of the Triumphal Aggb, mt tho ond of tho pe Elyséee. ecommences the new direct line o} | Meane of the main trunk line, the course ot whi | Alliance between | than to that of the future policy of the presen’ TERRIBLE DISASTER OFF SCILLY. Total Destruetion by Fire of the New British Mall Steamship Amazon, and Loss of over One Hundred and Twenty Liv We are indebted to Messrs. E. K. Collins & Co., the agents of the Arctic, for the following dreadful particulars of the loss of the new West India steamship Amazon, off Scilly, and over one hun- cred and iwenty lives. TELEGRAPHIC. ‘The R. M. steam packet Amazon, from Southampton to | the West Indier, took fire at about one A. M.,on Sunday, i that she willconsent. In that caso, her Tindricae heeihes will Sine: ee his grade of colenel in the Austrian apa and be appointed to ele- vated functions in France.” ‘WHY LOUIS NAPOLEON IS NOT YET EMPEROR. The,idea of assuming the title of Emperor has bee: arenes ae the present. lt isa fact, nevor- theless, that on Thursday night it was determined te push on for the empire without drawing breath. More moderate co! have, however, prevailed since, and Louis Napoleon will content himself for | the agro with the title of President of the Ro- | ic. Others say that he will assume that of ce Regent of the Republic. One ofthe difficul- | ties which stand in the way of the President’s pro- 60 miles west of Scilly, and was entirely consumed, with | Clamation of his titleas Emperor is obvious. Is he the mails, efficers, crew, and passengers, except 21 persons viz., Mr. Vincent, midshipman, 17 of the crew, and two pastengers, who succeeded ia getting off in one of the | own hereditary claim, boats, and were picked up after being by her 12 hour The total number of perrons on board iseaid to have | been 155, The fire is supposed to have originated from fpontaneous combustion, We learn from Southampton the following par- | tioulars of the Amazon, and her departure thence en the 2d inst :— ‘The Royal mail steamship Amazon, Captain Symonds, took her arture, this afternoon, with the usual mails for the British and foreign West Indies (excepting Ha- yena aud Honduras), the Galf of Mexico , Spanish Main, &c.,in charge of Lieutenant Brady, R. N., Admi- ralty egent, She takes out fifty passengers, a large and valuable cargo, specie value .€20.300 sterling, and 500 bottles ef quicksilver, valued at 5,150 sterling, for mining operations in Mexico. ‘The sailing of the Amazon or her first voyage to tha West Indies, as the pioncer of the new ceries of steam- ebipe intended for this important mail service, excited considerable interest. Several of the directors of the company came down to witness the even were presext—Captain Mangles, Mr. Mast Captain Nelson (one of the Elder Bre Board), directors of the compan: R.N., the secretary and joint ton, R_N., the ruperintende: George Mille, the company & A. Austen in rierm pa mails havin got under weigh, ond slowly but majestically moved down tae | river, amid hearty cheers from the party who had preceeded from the shore in a small steam tender to Witness ber departure. ‘The draught of water of the Amszon is 21 feet 7 inches, both forward and aft. She starte, therefore, although deeply leden, yet in good trim, end with aneven keel. She has on board 2,133 tons of coals, besides a ful da fuil complement of wat i kind, The wiad was Do her immense spread rapidly gathered often anda halt @ run ont to St. or many reasons ion of the perf sense of tl ness of the machinery, it ist and that experience will prove that a@conr ably smaller quantity of Will be sufficient, and that subsequent voyages, in finer seasons of the yeur. will be mede in from twelve to thirteen days ae dis- tance from Southampton to §t. Thomas's is 3.622 miles. ‘The departure of this magnificent steamabip may be said to constitute an important event in the history of British transatlantic steam navigation, Tho Amazon amships intend run fortnightly between Southampton and €: touching at St. Thomas’, while eeveral lines of bran: packets for the accommodation of the West India Islan: hy way, and was oon steaming at the knots, and it is hoped she will m Thomas’s of under fourteen day: the Gulf of Mexico, &c , will ran from the island of St. | aseociations of Lyors. Thomas to the various ports and islands embraced in the xew echeme of the West India Mail Packet Company and sanctioned by the Lords of the Admiralty, Ly iso perfectly straight route from Southampton to Chagres, a great steazu ferry isin point of fact established between Evrope and the Isshmus of Panama, and henseforward a constantly increasing traflic must flow to and from this important part of the world, giving an impetus to both pereonal and mercantile intercommunication which has long required to be fully developed, and which, with en- larged facilities for intercouree, is susecptible of almont indefinite increase and extension. The English Cabinet. [From the London Observer, Jan 5.] It is stated that the more influential reformers of the important parish of St. Marylebons nave resolved to postpone the public expression of their opinions as to the removal of Lord Palmerston from the cabinet until after the meeting of Parliament, when the real cause for the resignation of this dis tinguished nobleman will be made known to the public; and should it appear that the interference of the Northern powers has led to this result, sach a demonstration may be expected, as will show the public bow truly the reformers of St Mary estimate the blessings and advantages tional freedom [From the Norwich (# We leara, fron a priv: Wodehouse has been o Seeretaryship of cannot be otherwise than gla: for whose name and family the county has mon attachment, sclected to ocoupy & which demands the exere'se of more than ability. His Lordsbip’s business habits, abil!ty, and steadiness of purpose, will bevaluable ia uny osition Lord W céehouse may c} ttoGl We ave not heard if his Lordship ascepted the office. gland, France, and the United States. [From the London Sun, Jan. 6 } The curiosity of the people of this country is directed rather to the question of the successors g0- yernment. And as to the likelihood: of Lord Palmerston’s re-instatement in offisze—and that not as Foreign Secretary, but as leader of the admi- nistration—we conceive that there cannot remain much ¢dobut with the genorality of the more obs vant liberals cf the United Kingdom. Satisfied that such will be the course of events hefore many months have elapsed, we bear in recollection some- what agreably the portents of a friendly tn- derstanding Letween the people of Jngland and the citizens of the United States. Fortunately, too, we can, without extravagance, look forwar: to the extension of that alliance to the re- publican government of France, as presided over 3 lected, first of 6,000,000, and then agai: 7,500,000, Louis Napoleon Bonaparte. time tolerably well familiar tothe maj i e of Lord Palmor mment was the fast of bis self decidedly in fi t at of the having declared memorable coup d¢ daring act which h: mber, th d, the tu and with the re compact and the by rict—a e possibility of w cheme of allia’ public by sud Tail aft as been ta abuso n called, again | e of the people by 1 boulevarde Jars of the killed and weurd i n the ith of lec and what is the nature of t t out that the mase Well, th the ¢! lood. Let it by tion tot that the mov tually ¢ ed th of the nation onthe 2 t as an act of patriotism by the approbation of the French mu!titude nsidercd, therefore, we are by no o gant in the anticipation of an alli botween the liberal cabinets of England, l’rance, and the | States—an alliance we are gratified (o regard cvitable on the reinstatement of Lort l’almerst as chief of the new government Fran ENE ARRIAGE OF NAPOLEON. the Bresiaw Gazaie bas the following from Vienna, 27th ult:—"M. de Persigny is Sy ore hero from Berlin, and he is to procecd to St. Peters: burg, to explain the intentions of the President of the French Republic with respect to his home and foreign policy, and to endeavor to secure the sup- port of t oa the hawker At the same time he will demand the hand ofthe wealthy Princess Wace inti | | to call himself Napoleon II. or Napoleon III. If he assume the former title, he ignores the imperial | right of the late Duke de Reichstadt, and hence his If he assume the latter, ho | flies in the face of the European cabinets, by noring the governments which were established | France under their auspices and by their treaties. This embarrassing question is said to have regon- | ciled Louis Napoleon to the maintenance of his pre- | sent title. His civil liss is to amount to twelve | millions of francs. | PE OATH OF ALLEGIAXCE TO THR PRESIDENT. | We have now to announce to youa very impor- tant fact, which will make an immense sensation throughout France. The oath of allegiance to his person is to be established for public functionaries of every order. The elections to the corps legislatif have been again changed from direct to indirest. At present we hear that this chamber will be chosen in their own body by 36,000 elestors named by universal suffra, Owing to the changes which take place y in the determination of tho highest councils, it ig impossible to announce any- thing as definitely Axed before one sees the actual decree in the Monueur ; but these, wo are assured from ap ex»ellent source, aro tho latest resolutions of the President and his most intimate advisers. 1¢ | is reported thatattho same time with the con- stitution there will be published a decreo embody- ing & propoeition of M. Creton, for the repeal of the aws of banishment egainst the Bourbons. NLERIES THE OFFL- iT—STATE OF- VOTE OF ALGIERS, ETC , ETC. Our advices from Paris are to the morving of tho th inst. Our previous accounts were of the morn- ng of the 2d Quietness seemed to prevail in Franca. The Meniteur announces that the Palace of the Tuileries will im future be the official residence of the Presvlent of the Republic. : ” The Putrie publishes a note, “ marked “ Commu- nique,” contradicting a statement published ia the Constitutionnel, to the effect that tho Prosidont of | the republic had received an autograph letter from. the Emperor or Russian congratulating him on the s of the grand act of the 24o0f December. The adds that the President has received neither note nor autograph letter from thejEmperior of vussia The Moniteur sta’ hat the President was pre- vented by a slight indisposition from accepting tho nvitation to the grand banquet given in his honor by the Prefect ot the Seinv, at the Hotel de Ville, in Sunday afternoon. ‘The ball at the Hotel de Ville, on Saturday eve- ning, the Sd inst., was conducted with the splendor usual in ail fites given by the municipality of tho city of Paris; but it was observed that there was a remarkable scarcity of great names. Tho Presi- dent of the republic was not present. The Marquis «f Normanby was aleo absent, General Castellane has cloged all the fraternal >, The Pays contains a remarkable‘article, by M. de Ja Gucronniére, in which we receive the first ‘imation that Louis Napoleon intends to dispense with. the ucval official notification to foreign courts of his re-election, as a step below the dignity of France. The President intends to let the result of the election of December 20 and 2i be commu- nicated by the ordinary obannels of diplomacy. Whenever arevolution bas ocourred in France it has been usual to make the same accepted by forcign courts ina mode humiliating to the nation. Louis Napoleon might bave employed eithor ex- | tracrdinary and special envoys to announce his re- election, cr the ambasradors already accredited at foreign courts. The most dignified course he can take isto do neither. ‘This,’ says the Pays, “has nothing menacing for foreign governments. But it is well to show to Europe that ifthe new power counts upon the friendship and loyalty of European cabinote, it counts before all upon itself; and its confidence in the respect of treatios, and ia the fincerity of alliances, old or new, is only the confi- dence of strength.” The following decree appoared in the Moniteur, of the 4th inst.:— 1. Coiue of gold. silver, and copper, shall bear on thoir tace the effigy of the Prerident cf the republi 4 the inscription “Louts Napoleon Bonap verse shell be graven the words © [te cf the decree of veur Pariste id, in his interview with M. do Por- + | ment, into the first rank and leading 3 : | from Algier 2 plained that it was only possible for bia | to expel such of the French refugees from He:gium az had keen condemned by justice for some offense; buttbat he could not regard the democrati: mem- bers of the late Assembly as falling under this ca tegory. M. Felix Pyat. uson whom sentence was passed by the High Court, Leopold was ready tore gard in this light, and, as a criminal condemaed by the tribunals of his country, to expel from Belgium. M. de Persigny bas returned to Brussele, on his way to Berlin, and has had fresh conferences with the Belgian King and ministers relative to this and other subjects of n bag set out upon his m notthern courts. It is reported that liberty has been ofered to the Prisoners at Ham, upon condition of their quitting France, and not residing in Belgium A “communicated” article in the Moniteur states a false report has been spread. to the effect that the recent importations of gold into France have occasioned esponding exports of silver. To contradict this allegation, i: publishes the fol- lowing custom house returns from Jan. 1 to Dec. 20, 1851:— e on to une ofthe great Gold. fr.118.100 400 16 520,00 Total, 289 $42. 300 104.299 600 Imports. Exports. Excess ot t perts compared withexo'ts fr 101.6 as om dimi- the above ey silver, increased in France extent of 83,94: Aco 2 himself in- tho vast old bare as a barracks or hospital, and quite unfit, in its present state, to lodge a gentleman, let alone a + While he bemoans the rude change snug Elysée, plans are di for anew,and refitting with all« ndor, e of the kings of France:and re that, notwithstanding the anxiety pro- the Fatrie to spare the pocket of contre- hefurniture bill of the ‘Tuileries will be cely scale of magnitude. ‘To replace the gings,and repair theflaes, alone will cost ‘Then the admi istration of th 1 fix amiture, which was abolished by the pr ; government on economical ¢ ds, tored, under tho title of Di Ctes and Ceremon and several imi £ republican for their forced silence by Monitevr iato the most , While they bring the us matters of no mo- olumns. The can no longer point a od is applied ing the order of paragraphs so as to sug ar ole ¥ bills, and misco! theatr | frony wh to arr geet the ment that, expressed, would fall a sa- crifice to t ors of the cengorship. " lhe government have hitherto carefully avoided | publish:og the returns ef the vote of Deo. 20 and 21 q lowing figures, given in the lently explain the motive | Aktar, of A silence tantine, Pot Damo at 3 states the co: Ou0fe ; and i ceremony at comparing this ‘a ceremnonios which were colebrated at cathedral on tho death of the Juke of J Jates the taxpayers onthe great consideration which is shown for their pockots by the government of Louis Napoleon. Kear-Admiral de Suin is appointed to the com- | oes in-chiefof the naval division of Brazil and La "late Admira! Bruat is appointed titulary member of the Couneil of Admiralty. eptain Clavand is appointed commander of the i of Newfoundlan is said that Count d'Orsay is about to remind Louls Napoleon of his promise to release Abd-el- Jvader, when he should have the power to do 0. The following is the seen of food and potable liquors consumed in Paris in 7850. Wine in cask and bottle, 1,164,345 heetolitres; beer, 6,239 hecto- litres. The quantity of meat, including 17,276,876 killogrammes of charcuteric, amounted to 68,104,254 kiloe.; there were also consumed 4,909,276 kilos. of & | Drouyn de l’'Huys | will bo wasted on tho idle pageants of mock termed modest, with the cost | retate coke Sntecheine x sn ed. They prefer @ wise passivencss. | Tejoice, y prefer tell him there is no occasion; ho | prays them to illuminate, and they reply that thoy | can’t affordit. He imy them tocry “Vive Na- | | poleon,” and they tell him to slow hisowntrumpet. | e commands their archbiehop to pronounce a 7° | Deum, and the fers man says he does that every | day. He distributes money to the poor, and they | receive it as their owa. He Lead to the Palace of | the Tuileries, and finds it cold as La Morgue. Ho | steals into the Champa Elysees, and the crowd | laugh at him. He touches his hat, and is told thatit is his uncle’s. He beckons to the poople, and is | followed only by hia suite and his shadow. ‘The only men who pronouace his name aloud are those who sell his brazen imago. And yet, despite all this, his hireling journals assert that at every atop of his course ho is received with enthusiasm. | Thod8dinst. being the anniversary ofst. Genevieve, | it was anticipated by mavy, and had even been an- | nounced in the journals, that the transposition and perversion of the Pantheon into a Catholic charch would be accomplished. But it seems the event is considered one of far too great importance to be hastened. Howover, the anniversary was celehrat- ed alltho same, and the unique litsle chureh of Saint Etienne du Mont, situated jast by the side of the Pantheon, and centaining the tomb of tho worthy ehepherdess and saint, was the scene of | more or Jess interest all day. The Prefect of the Seine gave a grand dinner on Sunday, the 4th inst , at the Hotel de Ville, to the Ministers, marshals of France, the mayors of the eighty-six departmente, the municipality, the go- norals of the army of Paris, the great funstioaaries, andthe magisiracy. ‘The Presidoat of the republic was expected to attend, but at a late hour be cent word that be was detaived at the Llysee by aslight indisposition. ‘The principal toast, given by the Prefect of the Seine, was the following :— To the health of the President of the republic the consclidation of the new power which seven millions | Of suffrages renders for the second time the arbiter of our | destinies, To the accomplishment of the moat ardent wiskes of Prince Louis Napoleon, the glory and prospect of France. (Applause, and eries of © itis trae” God grant that noble prize to his courageous and tic devotion. Vive Napoleon. The Minister of the Interior returned thanks. The company separated at eleven o’clock. OPINION OF M. GUIZOT. (From the Arsemblee Nationale, (Guizot organ.) Jan. 5 } France, in which, four years since, was formed the revolutionary hurricane which was to have fallen on all Eurepe, at present, in her turn, re- ceives the rebound of that military roaction of which the monarchies of the Continent have given tho spectaclo. We could not escape the conse- quences of the fatal confusion of which we ourselves bad given tho signal, and tho laws of history mus’ pursue their invincible course. The preponderance prov To | of the military force is at present the most striking feature of the situation, and we speak of it with the greater freedom, inasmuch as wo have, with jas- tice, to praise the indomitable energy with which | the army lately defended, in various dopartments | of France, the dearest interests of family and so- ciety. In those departments where our troops were few in number against tho anarchists, they never- thelees triumphed, and the people admired, with geattiale; their moral firmness and their bravery. ut, though the army be the rampart of social order, it cannot form the pivot of the govorn- ment, and we desire that the government | which has just arisen should not suflor iteolf to be led away on this point to a degree which might produco dangerous consequences. , At another period, which presents several | points of resemblance with ours, there were not wanting pertons who advised the First Consul to | make everything pass under the military standard. | Bonaparte, and that was no doubt the greatest proof of his euperiority, would not degrade the political and civil power below military influence, and he was heard to pass an eulogium on the merits and good qualities of tho civil authorities. “*We are,”’ eaid he, ‘30,000,000 of men, united by elu- cation, property, and commerce;” and he added, “bayonets decline in presence of the priest who #peaks in the name of heaven, and in presence of the man who prevails by his science.” Oa this point, the conviction of Bonaparte was so strong that it suggested to him a sarcastic criticism which he alone assurediy would be permitted to apply to @ wilitary government. ‘The character of a mi- litary man is to will despotically—that ofa civilian is to submit ell subjects to discussion, to truth, to reason. [ do not hevitate, therefore, to award the pre-eminence incontestably to the civilian.” It was surrounded by his Council of Stato that the First Consul gave expression to that political laa- guage, to the great satisfaction of the majority of the Council, who feared for a moment that the | principles und guaranties of civil government might be forgotten. ‘Those guaranties and those principles copnot be overlooked without peril not only for society but for the government itself. Tue courecllors of the government cannot too frequently | remind it of that rast. The vice president of the consultative commission, when he presented the re eult of the ballot to tho President of the republic, expressed a wish to gee an authority strong and uni- versally respected united with a wise and well ro- gulated liberty. That language was honorable for | him who used it, and indicates how anxiously are | expected the resolutions of the pew constituent power. Wedo not believe that history has ever cfore copied itself with such singular fidelity. Now, as mre Rat since, the executive power is the sove- reign legislator, and nothing can impede it in the exercise of that supreme authority. Neither are we ignorant that the expected constitution will | bear a great resemblance in many respects to that | promulgated on the Ist January, 1800. Wo shall know in & few days the nature and imsortanca of | the diflerence which stiturions of 1900 and of 1552, Thirty-six years | of constitutional régime and of free discussion | have passed in the interval of those two | epechs. In 1800, the tribune and the liberty of the press had not left a very deep impression ia the public mind, and, moreover, the disgust created | by the criminal follies of the convention was not effaced. At present, the habit of free discussion at | the tribune and in the press is real. It has been | formed curing more than a quarter of a century. It hae, as we havo frequently observed before the late events, and we will not deny the fact, at pre- sent degenerated into a spirit of disorder and an- archy. That was the abuse. But if we take into account the empire of manners and habits, wo must be convinced, at least we think eo, that it is scarce- iy possible to proscribe and suppress its use. This is a good opportunity of dividing the porsession of great authority with wise liberty. When force has neither opposition nor obstacle to encounter, it may limit itecif. The more it could with reason pro- | claim itself necessary for the safety of civilization, the more it cvght to respect and spare that which it has forbidden, and, far from carrying its ten- dencies to excess, it ought to moderate them. | Otherwise it might play ill its part, and ineur the tisk of falling into an unple resemblance with the revolutionists it has vauquished. JUNE NEW CONSTITUTION OF LOUIS NAPOL Peris Correspondence of the London Times } i have slready mentioned that the President of | the republic communicated his project of the consti- , tution to his ministers, at the council, held at the Elyeco, on Tueeday last (the 50th ult.) The first teading of that document was followed by no dis- cussion; but it was understood that a second read- | ing should take place yesterday (the 2d i the Council of Ministers meeting after the oflici | receptions ofthe Tuileries. That delay of two days was allowed in order to give time to reflect on the communication of the President, and also to make | observations on it. {rom the manner of the minis- ters at the first council, no censure or criticizm of any rcrious kind was anticipated. The information | havo this day obtained enables | me, in some measure, to complete the intelligence I have already communicated to you on the subject and to notice, in some of its essential points, the : | tem intended to direct—who shall say how long ! | the destinies of Franco. ‘Tho new constitution admits tao / Senato anda Legislative Corps. The Sonate wi'l be composed, at first, of S0 members, all named by | the President. Tho tumber of Senators maybe inoreased to as many as 120, by means of succes sive nominations, at tho will of the President. The | functions of Senator are gratuitous ; novertheless, in certain cases, and for certain persona, the Presi- dent will be authorized to digposo of a sum either ke way of retiring pension or indemnity, at bis pleaeure, for the benefit of any member of the So- | nate; the said sum in no case to be more than | 20,0008. of annual allowance. Vhis arrangoment | would appoarto bea sort of compromise between those who urged the allowance to all Senators of 30,000f. and M._ de Montalembert, who, with his political friends, absolutely ‘cpposed any remuneration whatever of a pocuniar kind. The Senate ix tho real pivot on whic the new political organization of the State will turn; its attributes will bo very extended. Its acts will be in virtuo of organic Senatus Con- swics—like the Sonate of the year VIII. But | this Senate, which had daring fifteen yoars shown itself thé most devoted adherent of the mperor Napoleon, not rarcly the instigator, and always the approver of his worst and most impradent mea- sures, hurried with shameful haste, but only when it was quite safe to do so, to pronounce his depo- sition, and that in terms which hii 4 not for- gottento record and to stigmatize. The Plebiscite, | which universal suffrage has just adopted, sano- tions with reference to the Senate the principle | | apy will. distinguishes the two con- | + | be treat the President in his preclamation of Teta ele its admitted that the Senate will be composed of the most distinguished characters of the country, in order to give it wees’ in public affaire—‘ a preponde: power, the Sosetisn of the fundamental pact, and of the public liber- ties.” With such a definition of the Second Cham- ber, the President may give to it all functions without Sori, even those of a logislative character, which are, nevertheless, the gene- ral_and or ones of the Legislative Corps. ‘The Legislative Corps will be composed of as members as there are communal arrondisse- ments in France. The Frenoh territory is divided into departments, each department is subdivided into arrondissements; and each department is ad- ministered by a prefect, and each arrondissement by @ sub-prefect. There is, besides, a tribunal! for each arrondissement. In the same manner each arrondissement will have its member of the legis- lative corps; and 365 of those sub- divisions, the legisla:ive body will be composed of the same, or nearly the same number of mamber: The election of legislators will be by arrondi: ment, of which oach will be the delegate, or re- preaentative, chosen by particular ballot, and by means of direct universal suffrage of the whole of the citizens, as it has just been exercised for the President himself. The functions of the legis- lators, or representatives, are proposed to be gr: tuitous, and without any exception of the kind that J have already noticed with reference to the Senate. The electors will, therefore, be forced to choose such persone as possess sufficient means to pass a gemniderable portion of the year in Paris. Under the empire the legislators received a salary of 10,000 francs. The Legislative Corps will bo closted for five ears, at the end of which it will be entirely renewed. Tho President will always have tho right of dis- solving the legislative body. In such case new elections will take place, but the President will not be obliged to convoke thenew Legislative Chamber before an interval ofsix months. Iftho Legislative Chamber olected after ite diseolation do not agree wich the President, be can purely and simply dis- solve it; and, if it be bis will to do 80, he may go- yerv, conjoint\y with the Senate, during six months, the Senate being provisionally invested with the powers of the Legislative Corps. At the termina tion ofthe year thus given to the President, he may, should he think proper, makean appeal te the nation, with the objectof obtaining still more powers from universal eutliage, should he require them, to ies of tho situation. It is to this my late letter. The Legisiative Corps will disouss and vote the Jaws. Jo principle, the sittings will be public, but restrained. ‘The number of strangers admitted to theso sittings will net be much more thaa 50. The jourpals are not to publish the debates: a summary of each will be drawn up, published oflicially ia the Moniteur, which the journals may transfer to their columns. ‘The constitution is silont on soveral questions which in this country aro regarded as constitutional and fundamental, but which are referred for thoir solution to certain organic lawa to be made ata later period—such, for instance, aa the liberty of the press, and the appointment of judges, whose independence it would be desirable to guarantee by rendering them not liable to be removed at plea- sure; the question of the jury; that of the state of siege; those connected with criminal jurisdic- tion; the question of the liberty of worship, which coxoprives ull that concerns ecclesiastical discipline; and the independerce of tho clergy. Thave already alluded to tho question of tho press; it is stated that little or nothing is changed in that respect ; and the question of previous au- thorization, and the unlimited right of suspending a jourpal, even when authorized, is still where it was when | last wrote. lt is thought that tho tight of suspension may be applied only to such journals as are condemned byatribunal. But tho | silence of the constitution on the liberty of the press would authorize the government to continue provisionally the present régime—that is, the con- sorship strengthoned by the absolute right of sus- pension or suppression. The question of education has also begun to oc- cupy the public mind. Tae University was found. ed by the Emperor Napoleon, in 1807-8. Since then its organization has been modified, and its régime boen made ‘‘ more liberal and more philoso- pbical.” Is ia precisely to this latter quality that objections are made; and if those who aro hostile to its eystem of education porsess influence, its fall may be anticipated. In mentioning the above details relative to the Rew constitution, I do so on the authority of persons whom I have found well informed on other subjects. It will not be expected that, carefully and secretly as the operation of forming the constitution is car- ried on, I should be able to give all the provisions of that instrument, but only some of the more im- portant points) These general data may, in the process of redaction, undergo some modification; the original idea may yet be qualified or altered, rot eeventially however. But all doubts on that subject will soun be at an end, as it is stated that the constitution will be promulgated on Monday pext, the Sth inst. The subject will still possess interest, and any furtber notice I may have to take of that act will bo the recult of careful inquiry and consultation with men whose opinions must always have weight. The following is the corresponden\’s letter, dated Sunday, 4th inst, 5 P.M lhave to notice today some new modifications which have been suggested, and which may be em- bodied in the project of the new constitution, since llast}wrote. The Legis!ative Corps, instead of being composed at the rate of one member for each admi- nistrative department, which would give 365, will, it is believed, only consist of 254 members, some to be named by electoral arrondissements, or the ag- glomeration of two administrative arrondissements, and others by only one, where the arrondissement comprises from 35,000 to 40,000 electors. The mem- bers will be named by direct universal suffrage of the | most absolute kind; in this it does not appear that any change bas taken place, and it is not likely that Thee modifications aro, there is little doubt, traceable to the evggestions made to the President of the Republic since the communication of his plan to the ministers and the ccmmittee; and, on consideration, it was deemed anomalous and un- just that large arrondissements—such, for instance, as Lyons, Marseilles, Lille, Bordeaux, and some others—should be placed on the same footing as less populous and Jess important districts—eush as Gex, D the department of the Ain, or Barcelonnette, ia tho Basses-Alper. According to the formerplan, a legislator would, in one case, be elected b; , or 60,000 electors, and perhaps more; and another by 3,000 or 4,000. The present plan is considered | a8 more conformable to the principle of equal re- artition. The namber of electors at present in ‘rance is somewhere about 10,000,000; and with 254 electoral arrondissements. we have an average of 39,370 electors. The propertion is pretty much the same as that of S14, under the constitutional charter of Louis XVIII. The I’resident being i tod by nearly 8,000,000 of votes with the Constituent, no doubt considera that he is equally invested with the logislative power; he therefore very probably reserves to him- self the framing of the organic laws intended to develope the fundamental bases of tho constitution. It is not clesr that such an inference is strictly logical; nor does it, on the first view, appear quite in conformity with the proclamation of the 24 of December, in which the President said, when ad- dressing himself to the people, ‘[ submit to your sufrages the following fundamental bases of a con- stitution. which the Assemblics shall develope here- after.” However that may be, it is thought pro- bable that it is the President who will successively ‘rame the Jaws in question, and that ho will do so in virtue of the powers just alluded to, and previous to the meeting of th lative bodies. The elcetions of tho representatives will, it is be- lieved, take place on the 25th of the pregont month; but it is likely that tho Legislative Corps will not be convoked before the month of May, and inthe ia- terval the “organic laws” will be prepared. These organ sare looked forwgrd to with much anxict om the probability that many in- terests will Se allected by them. | have already alladed ( quettion of the press, and it is now teported that the University, and, perhaps, the magietracy, will be also scriously meditied by them. in both institutions there are many functionaries who are not liable to removal from their places in the departments as in the capital. ‘lhe anxiet; with which these Jaws or regulations aro awaited, and which may affect tho principle ofinamovibilité, may be easily judged. The University in particu- lar has arrayed against it mary and formidable adversaries. tis stated, and | am assured with truth, that the President feels much repugnance at interfering; but it is feared that his repugnanco will not prevail over tho hostility felt towards that body; and that such is the case, has been surmised from tho language heldin tho saloons of the Minis- ter of Public Instruction to the members of tho University on the occasion of the first of January. Was then said of the dangers that moe- nated tho University, and the heads of that institu: ion wore orjoined to recommend to their colleagues 0 greatest prudence and the utmost moderation, in order to remove all protext for the ill will of its adversaries. The intention is alzo attributed to tho President, of imitating in some respects the precedents of IS14 and 1815. It is true that the government of Louis VIII. did not show any profound rospect for vested interests; at that period they wore all, or nearly #0, called in quortion—thoso of professors as wellas of judges. Under pretence of regulating the position ot ae, professions which, in somo degree, have a public character, such ag notaries and avoués of the courts of law, huissiers, agens de change, cow tiers de commerce, some Were suppressed, others suspended; and those that were retained were subjected to certain conditions of an onerous kind. But at the same time thoso changes were effected so as to make of them a real patrimony as they arc at resent; and it is hoped that thes all events will e respected. They represent for those who possess them a value of much more than 500,000,000f ; have se. ved as elements, or guarantees, for an ited amvunt of operations; and the slightest indication ofany change would occasion, in all the interests concerned, an incalculable and pambocs dangerous perturbation. The best authorities here are of opinion that the Presidet would do well to dissipate theee fears by a formal declaration of his intentions. In this coun’ of centralization, where every branch is so bound up witbjthe other, an injury done to any one right, to anything regarded in the nature of property, would endanger all. The non-liability to removal of the magistracy, for instanoe, is closely connected with the value and the solidity of the professions and conditions al- ready alluded to; the magistracy protests them be- cause those invested with them are virtually its Py le of the imamovebilité of the magistracy be called in question, the many who depend on it would scarcely in safety. Austria, COMPLETE REVOCATION OF THE MARCI CONST: ruTION. ‘The Wiener cals of Jaguary Ist contains the following decrees of the Emperor of Austria. 1t will bo econ that whereas the pousiay of the eon- stitution were cancelled by tho pauperis edict of August 20, 1851, the last principles of political right conceded by tho constitution are now disa- ~ vowed. ‘I bere now exists no political righ: in the empire The firet of these decrees annuls the con- stitution in the following words :— We, Frauz Joseph I., by the grace of God, Emperor of Austria, &c., Xe, In pursuance of our ordinance of 20th August, 1851, the constitution promulgated by the pateat of March 4, 1849, has been submitted to a thorough examination by our ministry and our imperial council. Bince, according to the results of this investigation, the said constitution neither agrees in its fundamental prin- ciples with the situation of the Austrian imperial state, nor is capeble-of execution in the totality of its provisions, we find ourselves, after avxious consideration ef all the facte, c8mpelled by our duty as regent hereby to declare the sald constitution of March 4, 1819, nwil and void, ‘The equality of all subjects before the law, as well as the abolition of pearant serv) and bondage, and the cuties formerly connected ihecewith (for which compen- vation bas been adjudged to feudal proprietors), is ex- pressly conti:med. In order to be able to attain to those institutions, which are calculated to ratiefy the requirements of our different peoples, and to fuifll the conditions of the wel- foro of all clasees of the same, and in order also to fortify ur governmeat, and secure the unity and power of our state, We shall abidefa the pach of experience, proving the exaet necessities of the empire, aad from time to time thall issue suitable orsanic laws, Upon the ground of these constderntions, we have, af- ter hearing the counsel of our ministry and Reichsrath, Tesclved upon & series of principles as the basis of those crganic laws, ond have commanded that these be made public without delay, aud that also their application in practice may be realized as early as possible, The successive special laws will contain the more par- ticular provisions and institutions ; until theze iseue, the laws now existing will be binding. Given this 3lst day of December, 1851, &e. (Signed) FRANZ JOSEPN, F, SOMWARZENBERG, ‘ RANSONNET, ‘The second, it will he seen, scts aside the fanda- mental rights We, Franz Joreph, & In the patent of March 4, 1849, a number of specific pola! rights were announced and attributed to the inhabitants of the archduchy of Austria, above aud be- low the Ems, of Salaburg, Styria, Illyria, Carinthia, Car- niolia, Tyrol, Boh emia, Moravia, Bilesia, Galicia, Buko- vina, Dalmatia, &c. These, with the scheme of a eon stitution published at the same date, have been subject- ed to a careful consideration. In consequence of reasons becoms known to us upon hearing the opinions of our ministers and our Reichsrath, we have seen fit to annul the said patent of March 4, 1649, and with it the fundamental rights then atsributed to the inhabitants of the crown lands aforesaid. In so far as special alterations have not already been mag in the separate heads of that enumeration of rights, we reserve to ourselves the liberty to regulate the same by means of particular lawe. We declare, however, expressly by the present patent, that we will uphold and protect every lawfully recog- nized ecclesiastical and religious society, in the enjoy- joyment of the right of public worship, as wellas in the administration of its interior affairs; and further, in the unmolested poseession of its institutions for earrying out worehip, inetruction, and benevolence, always supposing them to be conformable to the laws of the empire. Given, &c , at Vienna, Deo. 81, 1831. The subjoined dosument isan appendix of prin- ciples upon which a subsequent series of organic Jaws is to be framed. It will be observed that trial by jury is utterly abolished. FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES CF THE FUTURE ORGANIC INSTITUTIONS OF THE AUSTRIAN EMPIRE. ‘The territories united, whether under ancient, histori- cal, or modern titles, with the Austrian imperial States, form the inseparable elements of the Austrian imperial hereditary monarchy, ‘The phrase “crown-lands’’ shall be employed in ofli- cial documents only as a general exp:ession: when @ particular territory isidesiguated, the proper name of the same shail invariably be expressed. The existing circumscriptions of the crown lands shall be obrerved, except so far as administrative reasons msy iemder necessary @ deviation from thisrale. In each crown land, imperial district administrations landesfurstliche Bezirksam ter) shall be established, as may be thought fit, ard within the same the actlen of the varicus brancues of adininistration shall be ae far as postille united. Abcve the gistrict boirds bourds of circles (Kreisbe- orden) will beestablishea for udmisstrative purposes. be teriterial extent of Chess will be fixed wich regard oth to torme virions pr t beeds. Im the smyier crown tands, as generally where no necersity exists for estabilsaiog tu» boards of circles, they will be dispensed w The beards of circles are rabordinated to the gover- nor of the crown Liud (see next article). snd have funce iors partly rupeivicory ond partly edininistrative Above tre boards of circles ure placed in every cyifrn- land the viceroyalty (statthaltere!).and the Landahet (chief of the province). The fanctions belonging to the viceroyalty, the position and powers of the Landeschef, end bis relation to the supreme authority, will be de- fined by particular regulations. ‘The existing orrts: gemeinde (communes) will ba con- tinued as such, excepting in cases where their union is rendered especially necessary or desirable, In the organization of orrts-gemeinde, the distinc- tion between rural and city communes is to be kept in view, particularly the character of the latter, as royal or princely towns or cities, ‘he election of # president and acting committee of the commune will take place according to regulation: hereafter to be issued. ‘Che official title of the president Will be that which has heretofore been used in each crown land. The functions of the president and com- mittee will be limited to the affairs of the commune, They will, however, be bound to render all required co- operation in more public affairs, when called upon to do #0 by the superior courts, (Here follow a number of minute regulations for the government of parishes and other small communities) The publication of the official proceedings of com- munes js forbidden. The communes are rubjected im- mediately to the district boards. According to these eee particular organization is co be worked out for every crown-land In the application of there principles, it must alway* be arule to concede the greatest amount of inflaence to the greatest interests. In the election of communal president and committee, as in communal affairs gene- rally, influerce is to be rccured to the landed proprietor in proporcion to his property within the commune, and to bis rating tothe taxes; to the manufecturing and commervial interests in proportion to the collective pro- perty; and particularly in civic communes, to the pro- prietors of houres. and afterwards a decisive superiority murt be assured to the corporations existing for spiri- tualand material purpores, In the Lombardo Venetian kingdom, the existing com- munal divisions will be kept up aud improved. The judicial «Mice will be exercised throughout the realm by the members of the courts, aevording to the ex- isting laws, in the name of his imperial royal and apos- tolie majesty, ‘The judges and oficers of justice aro to be treated, i Terpect of their perronal conduct, recording to the pre- scriptions valid for the other officers of the State, with reservetion of their independence in the lawful exercise of their cflice. ‘The separation of the administration of justice front merely ministerial duties shall prevail in the collegiate tribunels, and in the courts of second and third instance. also in the courts of first instance in Lombardy, and wherever eise it shall be found necessary, Elsewhere, judicial and sdministrative functions will be united in courts ef fret instance, In criminal coses which come before the collegiate courte sitting as tribunals of first instance, proceeding: ikke place by indictment, the accused js provided with an edvocate, and the final proceedings are oral. ‘The proceedings are not public. but the accused has the rignt of giving admission to a definite number of his friends as spectators during the oral proceedings in the court ef first instance The public prosecutor presents indictmente. Jurice are dispensed with. Inthe courts of first and second instance, the proceed. ngs are conducted only in writing, Swi Tho Suisse, of Berne, says:— Tho explanations which have taken place on the subject of l’rench re- fugees, especially concern, it appears, some of thoso refugees who wero the authors of an insurroctional proclamation, dated wanno. It appears, also, that the fact has b ved, for the lederal Council has ordered the Rggilsion of the refugees from Switzerland.” . T ey. Accounts have beenreceived from Constantinopla tothe l7th ult. A project had been brought for- ward for the construction of a railroad from Con- stantinople to Adrianople, but itis doubtful whoth the government will grant the projectors the neces- fary concession. The Courrier de Marseille, on the authority of a letter from Constantinople dated Wec. 17, states that the great piece of news there is that the Sul- tan bas attended the solemnization of the marriage, Sone to the rites of the Roman Catholic Church, between the son of M. F. with the daughter of the Prince of B——. The roporthad long been spread that the Sultan intended to present at this ceremony, but no ono would believo thata thing #0 unprecedented could take place. The Sultan, howevor, arrived at tho nuptial man- sion without ceremony, escorted by two horsemen only, and followed by a few domestics. He was ro- ccived with gratitude by tho clergy and the family of the bride and bridegroom. A throne was pro~ pared for him, and after he had taken coffee and smoked the sacramental pipe, the ceremony com- menced. His Majesty stood up tho whole time, my f that he ought not to hear the name of Al- mighty God called upon in any other position. d