The New York Herald Newspaper, December 10, 1851, Page 6

IMPORTANT FROM VENEZUELA . Selvare and Detention of an American Vewel and Carge in Maracalbe. OUR MARACAIBO CORRESPONDENCE. Maracarso, Oot. 27, 1861. T@ THE EDITOR OF THE NEW YORK HERALD. An occurrence has lately taken place here, which ‘will interest many American merchants and ship- wers—especially those whose trade is with this republic—and you are respectfully requested to give it publicity: The American brig Horatio, Capt. Morrill, of Wow York, left this city on Sunday, Sth inst., with ® full cargo of coffee on board, value frem $55,000 to $60,000, bound to Philadelphia. The cargo was entirely for account of American merchants, and it and the vessel are insured in the United States, At the time of leaving here, she was regalarly cleared the Custom House, all port charges, &c., paid—in fact, she had been duly despatched, wand had her fort pass on board. She left the city at ll A. M., and arrived off San Carlos fort situated at the entrance of the lake, and com- maanding the bar,) at 230 P. M., and came to gnehor at Bajo Seco. The captaim then sent his fort pass ashore, and the second mate, who took it, ‘was requested to ask tor a bar pilot. We may here wbserve that, in this port, there are two sets of pilote—one set who bring vessels over the bar, and wanother set who navigate them up the lake to the ity. The second mate went ashore, saw the command- at, delivered bis fort pass, and asked for a pilot. All was found correct, aud the head pilet aocom- panied him to the whurt for the purpose of going on board in the brig’s boar, which was awaiting them. ‘The mate got in and waiteda considerable time for ithe pilot to follow; he, bowever, seemed to evince mo desire to go, and, finally, the mate conceiving Be meant to go on board in bis own boat, shoved of od left him io follow when be chose. The pilot, no Englisb, nor dd the mate speak Spanish, mediately the boxt sheved off, the pilot be- uch irritated, aod.ca'led out in a most rude, Gixsulting manner, and using many Spanish oaths, Yor the mate to put ‘ne mate, notwithstand- fing the very natural anger it aroused in him to be | hus abused by a co\: aa, did put back totake | im ip, whea imme: pilot jumped into the | Boat, with an vain, « « the mate @ severe Blow. Of course, th mitted of but one answer, mand the mate gave it is, be gave the pilot a wood thrashing. snd flucg fim ashore, to find his ‘way on board iv bs own boat, as taking him on oard in the brig’s was a mere matter of favor. ‘The pilot began to how! and yell in a most remarka- ble manner, and called on the soldiers of thefort to protect him. Immedietely a file of soldiers was zmarched to the wharf, but the boat, by this time, was out of reach of swail arms, and though the com- mandant of the fort weraced her with the artillery, mothing more was (icne, and she reached the Ho- ratio et Bajo Seco without further molestation. On getting on board, the Captain was not in- formed of woat bad happened on shore, nor did ho know any thing of it for several days after. No pilot came on board that P.M, though wind and aide both served fur crossing the bar. Next morn- ing the head pilot came on ta with an interpre- ter, and, without detailing any reason, informed | ho ole “*that he would not take the veseel to | Bea the recond mate was put ashore.” The | captain, as we before remarked, was not aware of tbe difficulty that had taken place om shore, nor did | he make very minu‘e inquiries now, as he presumed | mothing serious bad happened. Consequently he | answered the piloi, that as for leaving sesond | mate ashore, it was out of the question, and that | fhe considered it very bard that his vessel and valoable comme should be detained on account of a trumpery difficulty between one of bis men and the pilot, a diffieuliy with which he ly had had Bothing whatever to do; and that if he, the head pilot, deliberately ex1d be would not take the vessel to sea, that he, the captain, would then be obliged to sound the bar himself, and take her over with- outthem. The bead pilot then left, without m: any further remark, having. however, @ second pi fot on board; and ‘bis lacter then proceeded to get the vessel under way The wind, however, tell | light; they could uot ges out, and were forced @gain to come toan ber This was the 6th October. Prom that day up to the Ldvh, there were no less than (“u 3 opportunities to cross; but no pilots ca near her, except when the wes ahesd When it was fair, not one was to be seen. To particularize, on ‘Tuesday, the fourtecuth of October, at day- Break, there war « strong breeze from E.S.15.— @ most faveurable one y daylight the anchor ‘was hove short, ail +a\'s eet, and colors dying for a piles still not one would co ue daring the whole day. Wednesday the 15:h. the sane breeze continued, and still no pilot. ‘Ibe captain finding all his en- deavors to get oue useiess, concluded on this day to ascertain the water ou ‘be bar, and the following day run out bimselt; according\y, at 2 P.M, after the tide bad run cul, be weot out in bis boat on the bar and sounded 16th, however, «| & got the veesel under we however, ard they sagas mile below Bajo Seer That afternoon, ene of the officers of the fort appesred on board, wi: an order from the command- ant of the castle, drecting the captain to go on shore, and prerent biuelf at the fort. He imme- | diately obeyed this -racr. acd was put through an expmination—Ist, if be bad sounded the bar! He answered he bad What water had he found ‘Tweive feet Aitera variety of questions, the com- mandant then asked bim u be knew that sounding the bar was against (oe jew ofthe country! Answer, that he was cot aware it was. He was then told ht to have been w of it; to which M. replied, that this was hie third here; that be had never, on any ocea- D furnished with harbor regulations, con sequently be could not ve aware of any regulations, orif tl bad any «¢ all; furthermore, the el ied to tim the conduct of the pilots, in wilfully detainig his vessel so many d told him that wae bis reason for havin; anded tbe bar. The commandant took a note of the cap- tain’s answer, and then ipiormed bim that his vessel ii he comm@uincated with the go pre ce, at Maracaibo, on the eub- ject. The captain informed him that he protested against such oetent«n he i%ch inst, the commandant of i from Maracaibo an order and mine the brig’s letter bag, aad take ® list of the eters which was dene on board by an cwide ana bir tary, and the letters returned. The next morning, the lots came on board, and ; the wind died a came to anchor about bey then proce © take thé brig bythe same warrant; but Captain M declined giving her up to them under ut CaptainM. was then warrant onshore to place vessel ne ie brig four da;s going ap; that before they took such tering the course of the ves- he commandant was deter- aid, were to send the vessel | she should go; and that it | mn of the interpreter, Mr Beluche, t t falfil them literally by lodging the captain and crew in the fort; that they an important 6 ep a* eel’s ¥ jute however might go in the vessel +o the city. Capt Morrill t rotested against all such proceedings, and informed them that if anybody was sent on board, to alver the course of voyage, he should consider it tantamount to a forcible seizure of his | versel an usurpation of ~ yy pty thus represent it to bie Consul n officer, ver, ws sent on bourd sith e iake pilot, and the vessel = got under way for Maracsibo, and she is now ere Capt. Morrill did not retarn on board, but pro- curing @ passport from San Carlos, came up to the city i juntry boat, and here he now is. On ival bere be found that his consignee, Aran, uu bad been maki effort to arrange the matter without having the ‘yotsel brought back, but without avail. © M. was then summoned before the Governor, and made his deporition to t After mw b that i foregoing statement made it, the Governor d to he “would give security bis rament would not come down on this govern- d also a security for any fine wat the Venesuelan government him (Capt. M_) for having sounded ht go again.” Of course, Captain to do any such thing, and on the ye him from jim that he and Fo bar, he m orrill 24th inst. an official letter was the government house, inform: | not received fair play is crew mast remain on board the Horatio, and tant ae ewes be detained here until the (:overnor an answer from the ral government py as to what they weald 40 inthe mat- ter; and, accordingly, here she is at anchor in the barbor, with all ber cargo on board. This, Mr. Editor, is « plain, angarbled state- ment of this affair, and which cam be substantiated k of the voesel Oa ne portant nestions arise in this matter. laws of nations, ihecommercial and insurance ‘are ali interested; and, ‘of the United States be placed before two years. ‘tipo fove wea the Mount Vernon, which was seized by the bi squadron of the gevern- m and fo! vessels, as there is not a — see na teon of any fucley and without the ald of foreignore they could do nothing. bad M. Our Irish Correspondence. Dusuin, Nov. —, 1851. The Americam Packet Station—The Progress of Emuagration—Catholic University—State of the Country, c. It is to the United States of America that Ireland ever looks for sympathy und assistance. Nearly seven hundred years have elapsed since Strongbow, through the treachery ofthe infamous Dermot Macmorrough, King of Leinster, obtained a footing upon Irish ground, and led the way to its subjugation by Henry the Second im person, in1172. Butseven hundred years have only served to deepen the strong feeling of antipathy whish ages ef misrule on the part of England have kept alive in the Irish breast. From an English government Ireland expects no- thing, hopes for nothing. In the days of famine, wken thousands were perishing by the wayside or the poot decreased, mission, for the sale of encum| f solvent proprietors 3} trust that, next session PP aiie ring these subjects and that they landlord and tenant question, and that speedily, oiearetee they vi a ae aie against the iret princi of ood gover mment—o ppressing the ae the sake of the aristocratic teen have ed for themselves nothing,but a weakened empire and a deserted country. Our Canadian Correspond: . Quessec, Nov. 25, 1851. Irish Electionerring—Jwige Aylwin—Our Judiciary —Corporation of Quebec—Bridge Across the St. Lawrence—Winter Gayeties, &c. The ministry are all so busy with their elections, hatwo have heard little of them during the past week. As the day draws near, the candidates hopes and fears are moro vividly painted in the wrinkles of their brows, and in the fiery language of inthe diteh, within view of their roofless and fire- ess hovels, from which, wretched as they were, they had mercilessly been ejected, ne stop was put to his murderous and anti Christian course of prece jure by the hand ofgovernment; nor was the dole by which life was preserved in the skeletons, ia the South and West of Ireland, held forth by the government of England, till, in the case of hundreds upon hundreds of wretched victims to famine, cruelty, and misrule, it was unfortunately too late. No sooner, on the other hand, had the in- telligence reached the American shores that Ireland was in distress, than her vessels were launched, filled with the necessaries of life for the suffering nation. The men of Ireland will never forget the timely suceor, the generous relief, afforded by the United States Again, for two Pape and more, it has been appa- rent that an Irish American packet station would serve to facilitate communication between Lreland and the United States; would reduce, to between mn and eight days, according to the calculation of the most experienced captains, the journey by sea; would open up sources of revenue, and new branches of commerce for Irish capital; would, in fine, be the quickest and most direct route for the conveyance of mi between the New World aad the Old. But it was Ireland that and was it to be supposed that an ment would serve to advance one sing! Ireland that might, by possibility, be detrimental to Liverpool, or any class of men, ship owners, or otherwise, in England? Accordingly, investiga- tions proceeded, but no man who know history, or had watched the progress of English management of Irish interests, could hope for so great a step in the right direction— servetur ad unum Qualis ab incepto processerit, et sibi constet “As we began, let us finieh,’’ seems to be the logi- | cal determination of the rulers of Ireland. e | have ever hated that-count: broken our treaties there, an our ntal sway during the ministered a few maesacres, to Hell or Connaught. show a love we can’t feel. A packet station at Galway might have long | continued a myth, as farasthe Coglish government | was concerned; but your ambassador's late fortu- nate visit to the weet of Ireland, and the et of a New York firm, are about to lead to practical results. The mercantile and shipbuilding estab- lishment of the Mes Wagstal taken up the juestion. One of the firm, after examining the va- Hous harbors on the south and west of Ireland, has decided in faver of Galway; and he has already in- formed the Harbor Commissioners of that seaport that the first vessel will start from New York by the 16th of December. For this, also, the Irish people will feel | grateful. We have not the shadow of a | doubt that the speculation of the Messrs. Wagstal will prove most profitable, and lead others, and perhaps English speculators, into the field. But we shall not forget that the initiative was taken—not by the government that should look to our interests—not by our absentee and bleod-sucking landlords, but single-handed and un- aided by men fromthe other side of the Atlantic. In this undertaking of the Messrs. Wagstad, is practically shown what is the feeling and sympathy and closeness of union which exists betwoen Ire- land and the United States. Let England be wise in time before it is too lat Winter though it,be, the different steamers are ever loaded with a full freight of human beings, flying a from the land of their birth and | En x a ~ — n- have gone before them, e ight any juring > pects of work and food, of freedom Fr independent future in the United States. Love ef relations shares with sa [Irishman @ place in his heart with love of coustry. You can scarcely meet obe person now in the provinces, who has not various bi ods stretched out to him fr the American res, urging and assisting his departure from his ive soil. And asit is but too evident that sands upon thousands are ready and willing to om- brace the first opportunity, the bone and sinew and muscle of irelandjwill without doubt be transferred to the United States. Inthe noxt European war, England will look in vain for the descendants of the men who won Wellington his laurels and England her fame forty years ago. Secret Socisties.—The Catholig Archbishop of Armagh bas issued a Pastoral to the Clergy and Laity fof the Archdivcese, the concluding portion of which hae called forth auimadversions on the part of several inglish papers. He says: “And bere let me admonish you again, as have done repeatedly before, both by werd and in writing, that nothing can be more fatal to charity than thore secret societies which have been unhap puy propagated through many parts of the coun- try. Continual dissersions, feuds, dispute between neighbors, party fights, injaries inflicted upon pro- perty and perton, and, to pass over other evils, most spalling murders that cry to Heaven for ven- geance, have been the offspring of such illegal com- binations. { have before declared to you and I beg of the clergy in every parish torepeat the admo- nition continually, that ell those who ere banded together by oath in those wicked socie' der whatever name they may be called, and also ali Catholics who join the society of freemasons, as haa been repeatedly declared by the Roman pontiffs, are subjected to the penalty of excommunicatioa, cut off as rotten branches from the church of God, and if they die in this deplorable state, doomed te | eternal perdition.”” Dr. Chilean is blamed for interfering with what the laws of the land allow, with denouncing free- masonry, though the highest in the land are free and accepted masons, and with bigotry intolerable, | jenouncing as brands fit for the burning, all whojoin | fre mason lodges But in this, the archbishop has | He denounces all illegal so | nd of them speaks in general terms. | of freemasonry he rosses himself to Catholics alone. Othere he leaves to their own conscience and own peculiar views. Evcolesiastios undoubtedly should not interfere in political mat- ters. Long ago they got a sound advise on that head, from one who knew what he was writing, when he penned the word No man being « soldier to God eatangleth himself with secular busi bess But in this case, Dr. Cullen seems t> have unjustly thrust upon him bigoted sentiments and improper interference, when bis sole object was the direction of his own flock Indeed, Ireland bas too long been vietimized by seoret societios. White Boys, Peep of Day Boys, Ribboom Orangemen, &c., &o., have done much jschief in by-gone days among the excitable elements of the Irish heart; and bad and unscrupulous governments have not failed to take advantage of the wild enmity and batred thue bred between contending antago- nistic parties in Ireland to perpetuate misruie } it is contrary to the first iples of all go- | vernment, for any state to tolerate what is essenti- | ally disorganizing. What isto be ht of the policy of England, which long employed such ob- jectionable means to reland more completely ‘at her mercy! But, now-a-days, we trust the lesson hae been learned by our fellow-countrymen, that — the system of secret rast joes thor —— them in anything to gain the o ¥ Publicity, Hiterty of discussion, the “alighten- e are the sources of social improvement, while jul light of day is the - ape worthy of the | great mission of the friends of the pe i tly reported her in the tenderness of | of centuri | sent the mere frish | won't begin now to ic ties ae bad, On the subj Catholic clergymen in New Yo with a list of subseribers’ names, and the handsome Cr Ser po Tabla, the Fvoman Cothellg Oresa bern, 044s, that © Pablig , shown it no favor, | be their supporters. On last Sunday—the great day for election meetings in the suburbs—there was a very pretty skrimmage between ssme two or throe hundred French Canadians, and a dozen Irishmen or so. The latter were worsted, after a hard battle, but will not fail to wreak their vengeance on their opponents before many days elapse. Surgery is looking up. In the legal circlos nothing is talked of but Mr. Justioe Aylwin’s recent conduct to a member of the bar. Having before him the cases, or factums, of the two barristers in a cause, he took up the appel- lant’s, and Ginding thereon some sarcastic remarks, and more especially some notes of admiration, whieh excited his choler, he turned round to the respondent’s counsel, and charged him with disre- spectful conduct to the Court, loudly proclaiming his intention to repress anything approaching to | sarcasm, or any indulgence in punctuation, which exceeded @ simple comma or period. Nota little bewildered by such an extraordinary accusation, the counsel, a very yeung man, mildly replied that the offensive expressions and stops were in his ad- Versary’s case, and not inhisown. The Judge’s wrath boiled over at this, and charging the barris- | ter with unprofessional conduct, threate: to com- mit him for to the Court. For the details of the scene, I must refer you to the report of the bar I send you herewith. The counsel thus at- tacked, preferred his complaint to the barof Lower Canada, a high spirited and independent of men, who, ha' taken his case into consideration, reported upon it in # strong and judicious tone. It wae originally intended to have preferred articles of impeachment against him, but trom some reason or other, which may possibly be the want of unani- mity in a large assembly, the idea seems to have en 3 It has no doubt occurred to the minds of many, | reflecting on these occurrences, to speculate on the | probable workingof the American system in Cana- | da. deniable as are the advantages of the inde- | pendence secured to the judges by a life appoint- | ment, in cases where the interests of the state and | the subject clash, the dan of the irresponsibility | M* | thus granted to individuals in positions of hig! | ba A... ae free pardon bad vane taken Gen- eral sen: fenced, by trans ported by their more than bare their own lives bya wanton and have when they imted, jon of from tae which they wreuanies men nt British ou slong as they tingle oles wa “ountry’ so. dispute the r justice of their sen hex ‘punish. ment how the Spanish government: appears mea- sures taken in Cuba for the island, and infe the act of clemency to which we allude, is intended by the Queen of Spain to mark her grateful sense of the support she received from her alles on this occasion; and it isthe more plessing asit has been granted to the representations of Lord Howden, who had exerted himself with great alacrity and success to render that support prompt and effectual. The cir- cumstances in which the government of Spain fiuds itself placed.with reference to that of the U: States are, however, very different from those which have arisen | out of this occurrence between Spaia and the European powers. The American government was, to say the least of it, guilty of great oe in net taking earlier and more e! measures to prevent the formation and departure of the Lopes expedition from its own ports. It was evidently afraid to act up to its acknowledged | ~ in — - the epee anteint created by Imuerepresentations 01 % partisans in New Orleans. Its own custom house offers conuived at | & gross breach of the law of nations and the lawsof the | Union, These officers have since been removed from | their post in consequence of this misconduct; but the rediess thus afforded by the cabinet of Washi a was not granted until the failure of the expedition | hed stamped it with ridicule and disgrace. But | this was not all. Upon the (news of the execution | of the first band of priso: the mob in New Orleans at. tacked the house of the Spanish Consul, trampled on | the e of the crown of 5; and obliged the Consul to flee for his life, leaving the interests of his countrymen, which then most required his protec- | tion, to the care of his colleagues, the French and Bri- | tieh ‘Consuls. ‘This was an act of popular violence distinct '| from the Cuban expedition, though arising out of it, for jpanish government was entitled to require, the American government was bound to grant, the | reparation. A government protect the diplomatic agents of foreign States from in- | most essential conditions of those laws which regulate the intercourse of nations ; and, though it is possible that | such an occurence as s popular riot may suddenly over- power the anthorities in a large commercial city, it is the more incumbent en the government to offer the fullest compensation for an outrage it had not the force to pre- vent. These propositions are so obvious and elementary, | and are 60 constantly acted upon by the most powerful Btates. without an; to their true dignity, that we cannot doubt Mr. Webster and Mr. Fillmore re- | cognise them in theory as fully as we do ourselves, and would feel themselves bound to act upon them if e simi- lar insult were offered to an American event shaonst. ic strength courage to act up to these BE oi and the result is a continuation and renewal of the ill-feeling oc- casioned by the Cuban affair. The Spanish government requires that the President of the United States should | invite the 8) Consul to return to New Orleans, con- senting, however, to send thither another member of the consular service, and not the same person who was so unceremoniously expelied by the mob; that he ehould be received ard brought in upon @ national vessel ; that | the 8) flsg should be saluted by the Americans ; and that the value cf the property of the consul destroyed by the rioters should be restored to him by the federal government. In the event of the rejectioa of these con- , and the refusal of this satisfaction, the Spanish ‘ashington a pay antes and wortay of consiaese- le Beeessary to protect judge whose | conscience forbids him’ a Reonele the Goal ‘of a par-— ty, or the servant of a ministry, it is surely wise to | wv devise como means of Protecting ne pyblic from Be commegnenees of Ris: in) us conSust, and | Udo not concur in the ! which has been | made against the government ot Canada, of making the judicial bench the reward for political services, without consulting the abilities ot the individuals so elevated. 1 believe that, in most cases, the vacancies which have occurred in our courts, | since theintroduction of ible or self govern- ment into the province, have been filled by men whom the public voice called to the post. I find, . further, that in making the offices of Selisitor Ge- neral and Attorney General stepping stones to the ae English practice has been followed; though the law officers of the crown in Britain not so closely identified with the cabinot as they are here, their share of responsibility and dependence upon their party are scarcely less than with us. So far, I can see no objection to our system. But ifthe provisions of our law, framed with a view to screen the judge from the coercion of arbitrary power, or the resentment of defeated ambition, are to be con- verted into a cloak of impunity, then all will agree that the sooner our is omen the better. Another publi> body whieh requires rem is the City Council of Quebec. I am usit i. terms when | say that it is an object of ridicule and every citisen. It transacts business in the most slovenly manner. Instead of pub- lic spirit, the most contemptible narrow prejudice is often ite ruling cl ic. Split up into'cliques and parties, it has never yet been seen to unite cor- dialiy on any one measure of public good. Som ae u Mersey teen a ject was to defeat a public enterp great imporiance, discover on reference to Hansard, that a discussion m abs stopped by moving ** the previous question; and proud of his ruse, effectually prevented the transac- tion of business, for several meetings, by this novel stroke ry nae _— faton y x mete | o 0 grant o! , to the Melbourne alway ee The attendance of mombers is usually very thin, a bare quorum being the general rule; and assoon as the grant is “brought up,” the minority take their hate, and leave the Council to be “counted out.” These disreputable manceu- ros, which are sometimes wlerates i in Parliament, become just subjects of severe animadversion, when introduced into city councils. They evince a want of public spirit, and a party bias, which, however consistent in a statesman, it a very dangerous in gredient in a city councillor Uetil some —— in our corporation is effected, our bo: f a bridge across the St. Lawrence aro very si t. Mr. Serrell, the bridge builder, has reported that the cliffs at Cape Houge are 2,430 feet apart, rp 166 feet high on one side, and 140 on the other; but that piers, built in twelve fect water on each side, would only be 1,625 feet distant from each other, and a suspension bridge might be built upon them. He dees not allude to the oost; it would, no doubt, be very heavy It ism relief to me to turn from there dull topics to the gayer theme of our winter festivities. CQue- bec has always beon famed for the hospitality of ite papes, the In 94 and tact of its the bright eyes and light “twinkling pretty caughters. To strangers, dancin seem & amusement here, but a sciense, to such per- fection is it carried. indeed, how could it be otherwise, when every one, from his Excellency, Lord Elgin, who is noted for bis “fing,” and our gray beaded merchants, dowa to Jittle girls in short petticoats, are to be seen figuring on the light fan- tastic toe, on some four or five evonings of the week, during four months of the ' In my inmost beart, | think Terpsichore was a native of Quebec Night after night, the sleighs congregate round the door of the bail giver, and from ® shapeless mass of furs, and cloaks, and shawls, and indescribable overalls, out pop the fairy polkenses, in virgin white, like Uodine from her shell. N is @ merchant, ry variety of Taie iymphatie it Englishwoman ; and the brilliant amiles aaa hiling glances of our own belles—i moan the Canadians, of Enghah descent, eclipse th tI bi coat of the civilian thows off to becsbatae red jaeket of the infantry captain, iue uniform e tartan of a of the artilleryman, and occasionally t! Highlander. Soon the, le, and the group, * Of mirrors and of lam ‘ith murio and with flowers, Dance on the joyous Eoors.” airy Or ‘tis perhaps ® more sober re-union of choice musical dilettanti, where you may listen to the finished airs of Rossini and Motart, or the retty — of our own Jand; or, sweeter than all, the soulentrancing melodies of Germany, sung with excellent taste and feeling. Our music is far above the average of provincial towns Thus, with oe and song, sprightly conversa tumes, a, yay . occasion: Sex. we manage to live out the winter in spite of Jack F and our Siberian solitude Pronica toi bak | "twere vandalism to introduce the: the fag end of mletter. They demand an epic, and shall, with your ission, be served up in a separate dish some ieee occasion. 14 Brapacons. | and face Supreme Court—Special Term, Before Hon Judge Miteheil Dee. 8 Levi §. Chatfield vs The Board of County Can. order was made in this case by | ‘Mth, 1861, by J | Cour imse! the consequence may be amore serious misunderstand- ing between Spain and the United States than had hith- erto arisen out of these events. The ease would appear to be one in which the mediation of a friendly power might settle a dispute which turns rather on s point of usages and of national feeling than on any positive inte- rest. But the American government has shown *o much irritation at the test semblance of inter- ference on the part of other yoam powers in this ai- fair, that itis not improbable that the some feeling which prevenis it from making the amende honorable to the government of Spain, would aleo deter it from accept- peg the spirit in which it might be ered. Mr. Webster's decision is the more to be re- eretted. inasmuch as it was understood that, although the Spaniards would not make the exercise of the pre- rogative of mercy the subject of « diplomatic stipuls- tion, they were disposed to release the Cuban prisoners, upon the settlement of the wrongs done to their con- sul in New Orleans; and the fact that the British pri- soners have actually been pardoned suggests a compari- son between the two nations which ougat to have some weight in the United States. We cannot do the Ameri- can government the injustice to doubt what its real opi- nions are on this unfortunate affair; bat the influence of — prejudices, aud the excitement of popular feel- gs, are nowhere more injuriously felt than in the —_ oaeurey the American democracy. It ZS fact, com ively new to the world in our days, t whilst the whole of cabinets is constantly employed in averting the ities of war, and ia heal- ing, without blows, the disputes that arise between mations, peace is Lot unfrequently threatened by the in- temperance, wilfulness, or disregard of law, which arises out of pepular Passions or misconceptions. Acts such as no government could attempt to if it were responsible for its conduct, are screened by the ns- sumption of popular omnipotence, and the demagogues of the day, when they are endeavoring to plunge the world into confusion, have mo more certain means of operation tham to transfer the direction of international relations from cautious and responsible statesmen to an excited and people, Uahappily, the feeble ‘overnment of the United States is compelled to yield to ap impulse of this sort, how to the better judgment of its refusal of satiataction to Spain, demands something more tham an apology, is, im truth, a mere elect flourish of the Beerutary of State to his party, and it is lamentable to see the most eminent apd moderate mem in the United States reduced to such expedients ae to court popularity even by identify- ing thenselves with an indefensible courage. An indem- nity to Spain for the riot in New Orleans would, proba! have cost Mr. Webster as dearas the Pritemard indem- nity cost M. Guizot; but, at least.the French govern- ment bad, om that occasion. the cayrage (0 admit that Uney were in the wrong, and to abide by the terms offered for their acceptance. Theatricats Abroad. Mdile. Rachel was lately presented with a mag- nificent bracelet by the Queen of Sardinis. ’ ‘The Hudson Sisters, from America, duet singers, are giving concerts in tired in the Bloomer costume. It is stated that Mr. Buna will open the Th Royal, Drury-lane, at the end of December, with a | new opera, by Mr. Balfe. An opera, by Mr. E. Fitzwilliam, (son ofthe pop- ular actressjof that name,) will eee at the Haymarket Theatre, London, during the ensuing season. glee and London, at- Mr. G. V. Brooke, a promising actor, with a fine bearing: and elegance of manner which carried him through the part of the Prince of Den- even, most creditably, and a voice in which there were tones of musical eloquence, mado his a ag at the Liverpool Theatre Noyal, on the ii ult. The rougher elements required ia the reonation of Sir Giles Overreach, te be givea on Friday evening next, are, no doubt, more adap\- ed to his present qualities as anactor. Thus was bis last appearanee in England. He left in the America, tor the United States. A party of Ethiopian melodista, styling them selves « Jima Crow and Son, and s company of real | Negroes,” are now giving entertainments at the Linwood Gallery, London. The Fraser Family, who have attained such popularity threughout the United Kingdom, by their pleasing illustrations of Soottish song, &o., will @] iy depart for America. It is said that an original drama, on the subject of Kossuth Hungary, is about to be brought | out at one of the Liverpool theatres. The author, | it appears, is a resident there. Mr. and Mrs. Sims Reeves, Mr. Frank Bodda, Me. Oelavanti, and s powerful chorus from Lon- don, commence a limited engagement at the The- | atre Royal, Birmingham. | by Mr. Douglas Jerrold, and one by | Mr. Masto1 ve been ascepted by Mr. C. Koan, | and ther with that by Mr. M. [arnett, will be at the Princess's Theatre, Loudon, ia the course of the treason Mr. E. L. Davenport has been playing with great succossat the Theatres loyal, tit Wed Nowotale- u Tyne, during the recess at the Haymarket tre. His Marteau, in “ The Carpenter of Rouen,” and William, in “ Black d Susan,” are highly eulogized by the local pr. A Mr. Macarthy, from the United States, last terminated an engagement at the Adeipii tre, Liverpool. His forte is Irishmen, for whieh line of character he possesres a good figure We belive red, some years ag at the Theatro-Koyal, Drury-lane, and Uoveat- garden. ‘The statement which we copied a fortnight since from the Dumfries Cowrier, vo the effect unat Mr Tompleton, the celebrated vocalist, wae su from an attack spy is without found and we are he: to add that the gentleman is en- i excellent health, and will shortly make a pevidhivos! War \ | our experience to induce us to abandon it. | ance to us, and ought not to be aban | intending to impute any such spirit to her Majesty's Action ef the South Carolina Legislature ON {THE COMMUNICATION OF THE BRITISH CONSUL, RELATIVE TO THE LAW CONCERNING COLORED SEAMEN—-THE GOVERNMENT OF SOUTH CAROLINA IN COMMUNICATION WITH THE BRITISH GOVERN- MENT. [From the Southern Btandard, Dec. 5. We publish, this morning, the eS, rt of Mr. lazyok, chairman of the committee on the communication of the Consul, in reference to the confinement of colored seamen. The report was adopted unanimor in the Senate, andthe matter may now be idered as finally determined. The following is the report of the committee :— THE LAW OF COLORED SEAMEN. The Special Committee, to whom was referred the message of his Excellency, the Governor, trans- mitting communications received by him from George B. Mathew, Esq., her Britannic Majesty's Consul for the States of North and South Carolina, relative to the law of this State, to provent free negroes, and other persons of color, from enteri: into it, have had the same under consideration, an ask leave respectfully to submit the following REPORT. The grounds of complaint suggested by her Majesty's Consul, against the law in question, are substantially as follows :— ist. That it takes from under the protection of the British flag, and imprisons in the common jails until the vessels in which they come are roady to depart, a class of her Majesty's subjects entering into the ports of South Carolina under the sesurity of the treaty of commerce between her Majosty and the United States, in pursuit of lawful com- merce, or in distress, thereby violating one of the provisions of the treaty, which is the supreme law of the land. 2d. That it bears with peculiar hardship and in- equality upon ber Majesty’s West ladia Colonies, which mainly depend for their supplies of lumber, ‘ovisions, and other material articles, upon their ade with the United States, which is carried on in small vessels, chiefly manned by colored crews, and for which the ports of North and South Caro- lina are es suitable. 3d. That it conflicts with the gonoral principle of international law, that police or municipal re- agree co-existent with treaties, ahould extend foreigners the same restrictions, and no more, which are applied to natives, or subjects of the same class or calling. The first article of the treaty declares that, “There shall be between the territories of the United States of America, and all the territories of her Britannic Majesty, in Europe, @ reciprocal liberty of commerce. @ inhabitants of the two countries respectively shall have Hberey: freely and securely, to come with their ships and cargoes to all euch places, ports, and rivers, in the territories pr ew to which other foreigners are permitted to come, to enter into the same, and to remain and reside in any part of the said territories respec- tively; also to hire and ocoupy houses and ware- houses, for the purposes of their commerce; and generally the merchants and traders of cach nation respectively shall enjoy the most complete protec- tion and security for their commerce, but subject alway oe and statutes of the two countries respectively. ; ih doubt, the provision of the treaty with which our law is eupposed to be at varianci Sesh. general engunay as is here never been, nor can it be, justly understood to deprive the contracting ties of right to exclude, from their res ive territories, any class of porsons who might be burdensome to the public, or dan- gerous to the health or to the peace, good order and security of the gaan Laws to provide against the ingress of persons laboring under con- tagiousor infectious diseases, or coming from places where such diseases prevail, and laws for the ex- clusion of foreign paupers and convicts, and per- sons of vicious character, are almost universal, and are notdeemed inconsistent with the most libe- ral treaties of reciprocal commerce. Our laws against the entrance of free persons of color inte the State falls strictly within the principle of these ex- ceptions. Of the pp of romay 4 for the enact- ment of such laws, their fitness for the purposes for which they are intended, each government must judge for itself. In this, as in all other matters concerning the execution of treaties, the contract- ing parties are bound to the observance of good faith. If, under the pretext of exclu a r= ous class of perfons, one party should exclude a material ion of the subjects of the other, usually employed in commerce and navigation, so as seriously to obstruct or embarrass the intercourse which the treaty was intended to sanction and secure, this pos | bea fraud > the treaty, and —— justly be complained of as such. But ne such objection can be made to the law in question. It is certainly very far from being unreasonable or 8 i: t free persons of color, coming from abroad into this State, should be deemed a danger- ous glass of porsons, and dealt with accordingly. And they constitute so inconsiderable a portion of the subjects of the British empire, that their exclu- sion cannot occasion any serious inconvenience to the commerce carried on in Brit'sh vessels with the ports of South Carolina Nor can it be said, with a due regard to the proper sense of the words, that persons of this class, coming inte our ports in British vessels, are taken from uuder the protection of the British flag. On the high , which are common to all nations, and not subject to the ju- risdiction of any one, a ship and the persons on board of her are under the protection of the nation to which she belongs, and the national flag is the emblem of this pecsesting i But there is no principle of internation: w which carries the authority of ene nation, represented by its flag, within the territorial limits of another. Foreign ships and their crews in the ports of South Care- | lina are, therefore, not under the protection of their | own national flag, but subject to the authority, aad under the pretection of our laws. Toso much of the communications of Her Ma- jesty’s consul as relate to the British West India colo- | nies in particular, it is a sufficient answer that they are not embraced in the poy with which our law is supposed to conflict ; for the treaty provides 4 for a reciprocal liberty of commerce “between | the territories of the United States of America and | all the territories of her Britannic Majesty in Eu- rope.” Fie complaint that British subjects of the class to which the law in question relates, are put upon a different footing from persons of the same class, natives and subjects of this State, is entirely with- out foundation, and could only have arisen from inattention to the provisions of the law. In truth, all free colored persons of the mon race, whothor foreigners or natives, and whether they come in — foreign or domestic vessels, are subject to precisely the game rules; so that # free person of color, born and brought up inthis State, and only lately rosi- dent here, com: mB in a vessel owned by citizens of the State, would receive the same treatment as if be were a native subject of Groat Britain, and | came ina British vessel. if the prevention of free persons of color from en- | tering jnto this State operates in any degree as an | impediment to the commerce of British vessels with | our ports, it can only be by very slightly diminish- | ing the number of competitors for employment in | the service of such vessels, and thereby propor- | tionally rp oe | the cost of the service. Butas the same prohibition extends to all other vessels, | its effect must be the same upon our whole import | and export trade. A thorough analysis would | there! probably show that the whole og wy! the whole of the burden, whatever it may be, borne by ourselves. But at all events it cannot be questioned that wo bear at least an equal share of it The law which we are invit d to surrender, was i iy introduced soon after the detecti ppression of ao insurrectionary moveme vised and set on foot by a free negro, who had bee for some time in the habit of leaving the State, and returning to it at pleature, and whose frequent ex- cursions were proved to be connected with his bloody designs The law existed for nearly thirty years, and during that time no similar con- spiracy has occurred. How far it has contributed to this result we caunot pretend to estimate; but we know that the exporicnce of our predecessors led them to adopt it, and there is certainly nothing in | It was originally enacted, and has beon continued solely and exclusively with a view to our own in- ternal good order and security, and without the remotest intention to trespass upon the rights or | obstruct the commerce of any ot people. If it has served in any degree to preserve the and welfare of the State, it is certainly of Uae import- mod on Ad- count of any slight inconvenience it may occasion to others. Indeed, there is too much reason to be- lieve that the murmurs and complaints against it which come to us from abroad are prompted inuch less by inconveniences actually felt, than by ® spirit of unfriendliness to our soaia( order and institutions. The committee are very far from overnment or the gentleman who ropresonts them ere. ‘They are undoubtedly actuated by no other motive than an honorable zeal to wateh over and protect the rights of British sub- jecte wherevt: they are supposed to be infringed Hut it may bo safely soremen that such ovorsures as the one row under consideration, are not made by the Executive Government, unless at the instance of other perrons brought to bear upon them through the usual channels. And when one member of the popular branch of the British Legislature is seen actively engaged in the work of exciting the poople ofsome °f the States with which we are politicatly connected, against our property and social order, it cannot be deemed extravagant or offensive to sur- | mise that there may be individuals in that body | quite capable of endeavoring to make the govern- ment of their own country subservient to the same hostile designs. Nor is it at allimprobable that such movements should be instigated and encour- aged by our enemies on this side of the Atlantic It is Dot now for the first time that the opinion of . Wirt, while Attorney General of United States, cited by Her M Gonsal, bas bees brought to the view of ure.‘ In 1824, it was, with the oqpenpeniense, which led to it, communicated by Mr. John Quincy Adams, then Seoretary of State, to the Governor of this State, who iaid it before the are; and , thi after mature cont from and repudiated it. t 0) 'y dclogating entirely w) the assumption that, by to the al government the power te regulate commerce to make several States divested themselves of the right to exclude from their respective territories such persons ag might be deemed dangerous to the security and welfare of their eee It appears to the com- mittee “oy oan dry nt ion of the ~ fompact not je purposes, nor jus- by its terms, and is shale inconsistent with iene and even the distinct sovereignty of the ‘This view of the constitution is strongly sup- ted by the opinion of the Chiof Justice of the nited States, judicially delivered in a cause which received the fullest consideration, and expressed in the following unequivocal lang: think it very clear, both upon principle and the authority of adjudged cases, that the several States have a right to remove from among their people, and te prevent from ontering the State, any person or class — or description of persons, whom it maydeem ore ous or injurious to tho interests and welfare of its citizens; and that the State has the exclusive right to determine, in its sound discretion, whethor the dan- gor does or docs not exist, free from the control of the general government.” ‘' Notroaty or act of Con- ‘ress has boen produced, which givos, or attempts ‘ive, te all alionsthe right to land in the State.” ‘*T cannot believe that it was ever intended to vest in Congrees by the general words in relation to the regulation of commerce this overwhelming power over the States; for if the treaty stipulation before referred to can receive the construc! ven to it in the argumont, and has that comman wor claimed for it over the States, then the emancipated slaves of the West Indice have, at this hour, the absolute right to reside in, hire houses, and traffic and trade throughout the Southern States, in spite of apy State law to the contrary, inevitably is ducing the most serious discontent, and ultim: mar leading to the most painful consequences. It hardly be said that such a power was granted to the general government in the confidence that it would not be ahused. The statesmen of that day were too wise and too well read in the lessons of history, and of their own times, to confer unneces- sary authority under any such deiusion. And I cannot imagine any power more unnecessary to the general government, and at the same time more dangerots and full of peril to the States.” The Committee submit for the consideration of the Senate the following resolutions :— Resolved, That in the opinion of this Legisiature th: law of this State to prevent free negroes, and other p sons of color, from eatering into the same, does not cou flict with the treaty of commerce between Great Britain and the United States, nor with the constitution of the United States, nor any law made in pursuance f. one ‘That it is inexpedient to repeal or alter the said law. Resolved, That his Excellency the Governor be requested, in communicating the foregoing resolutions to her Britannic Ma- jesty’s government, through her Consul, to assure them that the law to which exception has been taken, was passed and is maintained in no spirit of unfriendliness to the British nation, nor from any desireto embarrass their commerce, or to fend their just pride, but because itis deemed important to the inter- nal peace and security of the State; and also to assure them, tn response to the intimation, that ov adherence to the obnozions regulation may lead to heavier ‘mpositions upo» the importation of our products into the British dominions, that the people of this State are firmly attached to the principles of free trade, and fully appreciate the pre-eminent importance of an un- reatricted. commerce with che subjects of ler Britannic Majesty. But highly as they value thia most importaat branch of their trade, they value still more highly the exercise of their own untrammelled judgment in the selection of the nee and proper means for securing their own safety and welfare, not inconsistent with a dus regard to the rights of others. If they are compelled to choose between a commercial interest, and an essential attribute of independent sovereignty, they will unhesitatingly pre- fer the latt nd they believe that their choice will command t! pprobation apd sympathy of the govern- ment and people of Great Britain. A. Mazvex, Chairman. Message of the Governor of Indiana, Governor Wright, of Indiana, sent his annual message to the Legislature of that State on the lat inst. It is a long document and mostly devoted to matters of ‘internal State interest, but at tho conclusion addresses the question of foderal rela- tions as follows :— Throughout the past year, peace and harmony between the various sections of the Union have been ually and firmly established. The great disturbing questions which for a time threatened results, the ultimate issue of which no man could forsee, have been put to rest, and with it the heart- burnings and sectional rocriminations which it brought in ite train Our present tranquility is the best evidence of the wisdom and prudence of the measures of adjustment adopted by the last Congress. The high conservative ground maintained by our State is shown in the fact that we support no man who favors agitation. Our peop e want 8, and they esteem no sacrifice, short of that of principle, too great to secure it Indiana holds him an enemy to the well being of this republic who pursues ny course tending to widen the breach between tl orth and the South. Minor questions sink into ignificance comp: tothe great paramount duty of every Ameri: Game the preservation of the integrity of the Bion. Each and all of the laws constituting that com- poe which bas been as oil cast upon the trou- led waters are assented to, and have beon carried out, 8o far as they apply to us, ia werd and letter, according to the strictest judicial construction, by the citizens of our State. This has been done core dially, and with as near an approach to hearty una- nimity a# any measure, enacted to reconcile simi- ve) eectional differences, can ever be expected to re- cvive. Indiana desires to see the compromigo made under the constitution, and exprossly framed to carry into effect its provisions, remain undisturbed. to the South, aswell as to the North, that these measures must stand; that this sectional controversy must not again be opened up; that time, an clement which enters verything that is valuable, must test their wisdom and efficacy; that from whatever quarter of the Union efforts shall be made to revive tion, Ia ainst it. She favors not, nor will she - votes counte- nance those who favor the opening afresh, in any manner, under any pretence, the questions #0 re- cently and so happily disposed of, let us hope for- ever. Our duty is plain, abide by the past, sus tain the measures faithfully, cease agitation, and trust for the future to the intelligence and patriot- ism of the people, under the guidance Provi- dence. Joskeu A. Warene. December 1, 1551. The Port of San Junn, MUNICIPAL ORDINANCES FOR THE GOVERNMENT AND REGULATION OF THE CITY AND PORT OF GaEY- TOWN Whereas, on the 15th day of April, Anno Domini, 1851, at Greytown, in the kingdem of Moaguio, did assemble at the request of His Majesty's Agent, James Green, Esquire, Her Britaunic Majesty Acting Agent and Consul General, the house- holders, residents of the said town, and ia public convention did agree to form a town government for. Cah hate | upon the following basw, viz :— The householders to elect from their own body five men to be called aldermen of Greytown, who are to serve for one — next following their cleo tion, and whe, together with flis Majessy’s Agent and the Chief Magistrate of Greytown, should form # Council Board; and whose duties were then and there, in convention aforesaid, defined as fol- owe The council are to make ali jaws and regulations lawful and necessary for the government of Grey- town and its port; to elect and appoint a Chief Ma gistrate and all and every ether officer or officers | whose services may beoome necessary for the pur- pose of carrying into effect such laws and regula tions; to assess and collect the taxes and revonue of Greytown and its port; to fill vacancies oceurring in its own body during the year; and ‘0 do every act and thing lawful and proper to be done in their cor- porate capacity of Town Council of Greytown and rt, as aforesaid. And the said convention, hav- ing thus defined the authority of the council, then and there oe to elect, and did then and there in convention aforesaid, by @ viva voce ballot, unani- mously elect James Geddes, Samaol Shopperd, Augustus Sigaud, William Grey, and Henry L. Stephenson aldermen of ireytown aforesaid, and the said aldermen being eeverally eworn into office by His Majesty's Agent, proceeded to the election of a Chief Magistrate of Greyvown afore elected unanimously Henry Grant Poote, I of ores Chief Magistrate for one yo the said Henry Grant Foote, on being th thereduly eworn iato office by His Majesty's Agent, took his seat at the Couneil Board as one of ite membere, by virtue of his offi The Council of Greytown having thus become fally organized, agreeably to the views aud wishes of ite inhabita: and the undoretanding which they had been electe full enjoyment of all th by the people of Greyt vention—do, by virtue o nineteenth day of May, t 0 following lawe and regulations shall be the laws of Cireytown; and they do order and direct all officers and persons in authority to see the same carried into effect and resolutely enforced (Signed), Jamas ( Trve Coy Chairman of Ui Atvested by ’