The New York Herald Newspaper, July 3, 1851, Page 3

Our Washington Correspondence. 4 Wasuinarox, June 30, 1851. Movements of Mr. Fillmore and Mr. Webster—The Pree sideney—The Union Question—Vermont and Penn- sylvania Conventions—The Great Issues of 2 in Process of Developement—The New and Dangerous Platform of the Seceesion Party in Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi— Are Cothand Foote to be Deserted ? ‘The great secrets of the plan of the campaign of 1852 are ‘im process of developement. We shall know a great deal about them, even before the mecting of Congress, if we only watch the lions and the jackals. Let us see what the lions are doing, and the scent upon which the jackals are driving. and we may arrive at pretty safe conjectures as to the results of the great buffalo hunt of 1852, Your correspondent, while in the State of Georgine learned it as fuct,and as # very singular fact, that the alligators, as the cold weather comes on, fill their stomachs with pine knots, which are full of turpentine, and that during the winter the said alligators lle in the mud in a semi torpid state, a stomach full of pine knots occupying the digestive organs of the critter till the ope i mri with jus fucient carbon, caloric, &e.. drawn from the siow digestion of the light woud knots, to keep the animal warm inside through the winter. We ve surpect that some of our fmost eminent statesmen bave been filling their stomachs with pine knots, and that it will take another four years to get them ‘comfortably digested. Of course the President of the United States and the + Beeretary of State are not included in this catalogue. ‘They have boon feeding of late upon something more sub- stantial than the east wind ; and such is the good opi- Mr. Fillmore has gained by bis trip down into ~ Old Virginia, and such the enthusiasm with which Mr, ‘Webster has been received in the great valley and tho «mountains, that we are quite sure either of them would be very acceptable to the nage: of the South for the suo- e ‘ided that old steadily to the plat- form laid down in their speeches to the people, of which there is_no reason to entertain the shadow of # doubt. from the tenor of the Vermont resolutions of the whi convention, and of the Pennsylvania whig y resolutions at Lancaster, and of the failure of cer- tain resolutions in the New York Arsembly, and of the adoption of certain resolutions by the Legislature of Uhio, and from the fact that free-soil whigs of all the North are apeper ore beped Gen, Scott, it is pretty clear that he in to be the-whig candidate of the North, upon a grand Unien non-committal free-soil platform, from which every Southern State in the Union will be excluded, That General Scott is to run appears curtain; and that he is to run eaclusively on Northern ground appears pe beng maniest; and the result is. that there is no live ec for the unity of the whig party’ North and South. Onthe other hand, the speech of Mr. Buchanan, at Lancaster, covers the basis ofa platform broad enough forthe superstructure of a national democratic ticket. in ‘1802, upon which a single Presidential candidate. and his accompanying candidate for Vice-President, will be avail- able to put up in all the States of the Union, except South Carolina, and probably Georgia, Florida, Alabama, and Mississippi, from present appearances; because the - OG whig and democratic organizations in these States have ceased to exist; and neither party can count upon any from South Carolina to Mississippi, except wpon a Union or secession platform. South of South Carolina, the question of disunion has assumed @ most dangerous type. It is no longer seces- sion itself; but the question made the issue in Georgia, Alabama, and Missiasippi, is the abstract right of « Bale to secede. Suppose the State rights party in. cither of these States succeed in the aphrossking State elections—and it is possible they may succed in all—what comes next? The right of secession, for instance, is declared by Mississippi. with a powerful minority in faxor of the right in Georgia and Alabama. Will mot that be enough for South Carolina toactupon? Itwill be enough. Those other States will have committed themsclves, for the declaration of the right involves the pledge to assist if a sister State secedes, and any opposition is brought to bear against her to cosney ben ‘again into the Union. Tho important question now is, are the whigs of the North bent upon deserting Foote and Cobb in the South, and their Union confederates, whigs and democrats? If they are deserted, they will be cut up, root and branch, and secession will soon be predominant in Georgia, Ala- bama, Florida and Missi:sippi. But if the whigs desert the Union party of the South, perhaps the democracy will stretch their blanket so as to cover the whole Union party, from Maine to the Gulf of Mexico, That is the last chance. The game is complex —the stakes are heavy—the contestants are numerous— confusion prevails, but the elements are in a state of effer- ‘veacence, and skimmings of the pot, like those of Sancho at the country wedding, aro already very good picki and 6 ive of the most important campaign, in ‘52, in the of the world. Ww. ‘There wase party a few evenings ago, at General Scott's, at which, among others, were Col. Benton. Mr. Crittenden, and Gov. Floyd, of Virginis, A good many capital jokes were perpetraied. relative to, the, Presiden- cy. You may set down Col. Benton for Gen. Scott. He loves the man, and delights to look upon him. He said, ed to the y—General ron, and General Taylor—and they were the three best Washington, Generai Jack- of the whole number of Presidents we had bad. “I was for them all, for all three of them,” said the great Mis- courian, in a tone of satisfaction. Our Canadian Correspondence. Tononto, Friday, June 27, 1851. Proceedings in Parliameni—Startliug Disclosures~ Canada and the United States—The Fugitive Slaves—The Clergy Reserves—The Revenue of the Province— Internal Improve- ments, $c. Parliament is still mainly occupied with talk; some of it, however, of kind that deserves attention. Last night, a motion for the abolition of the Court of Chancery in Upper Canada, led to s very animated de ‘bate on the working of the system in England and in this province; and to a series ef comparisons between it, and the system that has recently heen introduced into the State of New York. The latter received lengthened praise from opposite quarters, while all save the minis- terialists joined im condemning the court as it exists here, Ministers were saved from defeat, and the Court of Chancery from immediate annihilation, by the votes of Lower Canadians, who have no just right to meddle jn the matter. This circumstance was commented on by the oppotition ina tone which provoked a regular Tow. The ministry were taunted with dependence upon men with whom they could have no proper alliance, and with the fact that the Court of Chancery was remodelled at Montreal, under the immediate influence of the bayo- nets of the executive. The Speaker interfered, but in vain, and the scene that on:ued would have dono no dis- grace to Arkenras, But the result was harmless, ‘The management of the Provincial Asylum, located in this city, has attracted attention, and gave rise to some tartling disclosures yesterday. It appears that, durio, three months, no less than ‘Aten patients have died; while conourrent with this alarming mortality, there has been a sweeping change in the subordinate o in the establisbment. At first, ministers refused inquiry the statements were too alarming to be suppressed, they at last, yielded to fate. In this case. again, the management of the asylum was compared utfavorably with the management of kindred institutions in the Cnited States, expecially with that at Utica, N. Y. Comparisone of thie nature occur almost daily, the ef- feet of which is obviously to draw t! of people to the advantages enjoyed over the line, and to tumiliarize them with an inevitable event, via tion. It is proverbial that dangers and difflealts half their force when made familiar, and this is certainly the case in regard to separation from England aod usion with the States. You won't have ws, you say, except on certain con- ditions ; foremost among which. are the surrender of fu- citive slaves and fugitive scoundrels of aii colors, For the former, we are hardly prepared, though the time is not distant when refugee negroes will become so great a nuieance that any terms will be agreed to to get rid of the For the latter. Mr DeWitt, member for Beaubar- and 9n avowed annexationist, is preparing, having given notice ofan inquiry with w view to the accom- jlishment of the object. “The New York Herald basa hand in this ax imali other thi ‘The clergy reserves are under divcussion. Two plans for effecting their alienation have been proposed, one by the Commissioner of Ci Lands, w! ked to obtain, frem the Imperint Parliament, liberty reserves as the people cf anada, throug! tatives, may dete The other is, that m bilt sho be passed here ailenating the reserves from religh applying them to educat ving the Imperia Lament to secopt or reject the measure. The former is probably the more politic course; the latter t+ certainly the more manly of the two. Both are stoutly opposed by the churches of England end Scotland. who derive « considerable revenue frem the reserves; but the opposi- tion bas aight chances of sucess. The great body of the people are undeniably against the present application of the reserves, which they deem equivalent to the extab- lishment #f dominant sects, and consequently to a viola- tion of the principle of religious equality, A great fight must take place he question; but the privileged de- ‘ually gu the wall. Supposing the Imperial Parliament to interpose obstacles to the wishes of Canada. collision would enue, the end of which it wuld be diffeult to predicate, It may be that on this question of religious Rrcases, the question of provincial independence may be made to Certainty, the wir. tual establishment of State ehurches, with and injuries to other sect, would form quite as goed aground of rebellion as was possessed by the old American colonies, A tax on conscience is quite as bad ae a tax on ten, and may lead to the same rer ult. Siogularly enough. while liberal men of all parties join in demanding the alienation of the clergy reserves Upper Canada. s bill ie being foreed thro conferring by hd of England. tu Lower On the to land, a a corporation, to am unl extent, ad torxercise powers in convection therewith, ry which Upper Cansda is now protesting most em- phatically. At present. the Catholie church in the lower province hor 4 limited right to hold land, The Catholic bers ape, however, eupporting the Church of Kag- in teferrmoe to this bill, im comsequence, it i# under Of the reodiness of the latter to reciprocate the ‘ot, © An alliance of Christ with Belial,” some may (ay; but what are orthodoxy and consistency whon self ticomeerned? Ji ian from what is now going on, there axe few.ot the dij of the Church of Kayland ite province who would not kneel before the ¥ Mary. the tee ae or auyt if this world could be cheir bold apon thereby etre And yet they preach that‘ the yman of ih the (louse: | Mingdom of Oca ia aot of this 1 Oongergationel boa, nthe danuet table the © mt nee ‘The rewwreud vai and : thea talked for an hour od building rpeculations, i 2 i i but in it, but I now find that I have misread the Hot onl lea rebuke 3 — ‘The Was Golivened Kindl , but it silenced the reverend getter. Our clergymen, as a body, have need of a Tebuke every day of the ear. 7*But though el money matters. may as well inform you that the estimates been laid before the Parliament, give tue total revenue of the province for the current year at £751,025; while the total estimated expenditure {x £657,342. "The appropri- ation for public works amount to £186,580, of which the ‘Welland canal is to receive £19.409; the Lachine canal £18,789; the Beauharnois cunal £13,780; the Cornwall canal £3,513; the William:burgh canal, £12459. Pre- cious nonse "t it, to of closing the canals against the Americans! Amongst the misorllancous items are £1,066, compensation to J. A. Roebuck, the great English radical, who acted as agent for Canada in the Imperial Parliament, avd £250 to W. L. Mackenzie. for services as Director of the Welland Canal Company ~~ ‘The Parliamentary Railway Committeo are busily en- fuged In considering plans of existing oF proposed con. panies, ‘The Great Western Company, whose line is to extend from Hamilton, on Lake Ontario, to Windsor, op- posite to Detroit, are making great exertions to obtain &n amended act, with powers of @ most extraordinary Bature, Their desire is clearly to establish ® monopoly, If their plans succerd, it is doubtful whether the Buffalo and Brantford’ line will be allowed to pro- eced. The southwest portion of the pentusula will be sacrificed to speculators, who have never en- Joytd any large amount of public confidence, The t western scheme owes its paternity to Sir Allan dates its birth as far back as 1837, Sir Allan has been to England on its behalf, and exertions have been made to induce the Northern New York and Cen- tral Michigan companies to give to it assistance; but after all, a very small proportion of the required capital has been realized, and only s fraction even of this has come from Canadian pockets. Nothing is heard, now-a-days, of the much puffed Ontario, Simcoe and Lake Huron rail- road. The Hon, Jos, Howe is here, as delegate from Nova Scotia, and Hon. Mr. Chandler, as delegate from New Brunswick, in relation toa great trunk ilne from Halifax to Quebec, and thence through Upper Canada. ‘There gentlemen are to be entertained at public dinner to-morrow evening, at which the Governor General {s to be present. Saturday evening ia the favorite period for public dinners in this city, probably because headache ou Sunday ts less inconvenient then headache on any other day. ‘A great public mecting against the clergy reserves will come eff next week, when Mr, Bowes, the dlayor, will act as chairman, with a view, if mistake not, to she manu- facture of political capital. He is to be @ candidate for the reprerentation of the city st the next election. ‘A man answering to the description of Welsh, for whose apprehension rewards have been offered by the Governor otNew York, and the Sheriff of Chautauque county, N. Y., has beep arrested by our police. He is charged with being a principal in the murder of a constable in your State, ANGLO. AMERICAN. Hot weather haa now set in. Our Fashionable Correspondence. Corumsia Hatt, Lenanon Springs, June 30, 1851. The Season at Lebanon—Sporting and other Recrea- tion— Scenery—Visiters at Columbia Hall—Visic to Skaker Scttlement—Routes of Travel—Railroad Project. The summer travel has now fairly commenced, and this delightful spot seems to be in a fair way to hold its place in the foremost ranks of the favorite watering places. Since last season, Dr. Parsons has built an extensive addition to the main hotel This not only enables him to accommodate a hun- dred more guests than ho formerly could, but it gives a fresh appearance to the whole establish- ment. The new building fronts the south, and ig four stories high, with spacious piazzas for each floor. There are upwards of a hundred new rooms, and a magnificent saloon, thus added to Columbia Hall. The old reception rooms are still retained, and have been renovated, as has every apartment throughout the entire establishment. The season ig somewhat later than usual, but the hotel is now beginning to fill up; every meal re quires an increased length of the dining table. Most of the cottages connected with the hotel are already complet, or engaged; but the rooms inthe main building are still open for choice, as the best of them are not yet taken. The company here is excellent, and every one appears to be enjoying himself or herself, as well as could be desired. a The country hereabouts, which is always af tureeque, is at the present time especially tiful. Whilethe grounds in the lower river counties have been parching for want of rain, the fields in this vicin- ity have, cugibe whole summer, been watered b abundant showers, and now look as fresh and ful of life as they did in the middle of May. The streams abound in trout, a fe ay specimen of which was yesterday broughs in by a gentleman who is boarding here. ‘oodeock and other feathered game may also be had in the woeds, and a guide is always at hand to conduct gentlemen ho like such sport, to the trout brooks and shooting grounds. But let me advise those who would hunt or fish, to secure the services of said ‘ide, for if they ask these who reside hereabouts if there are any Woodcock to be found near by, thoy will be sure to receive a nogative reply. ‘I'he reasons for such fibbing are too obvious to require naming. In fact, there is not much shooting near this house, and hence the birds are numerous and tame. As I write these lines the air near me is filled with the notes of at loast four charming warblors, Besides the sports | have already mentioned, re- creation is found in walking over the grounds, climb- ing the adjacent hills, 1B Ti in carriages and on horseback, etc. The company is not yet nume- in-door entertainments parti- cularly attractive; but the atmosphere is so pure and bracing that no one seems to desire to be shut up in the house. The bathing department is in fine order. There isa swimming bath for gretiemen, and another for the ladies; and warm plunge baths can be had at all hours. The faithful spring, whose beauties have been so often described, continues to dance atd sparkle as usual, toss- ing off its fourteen barrels of the purest water every minute, as it has done probably ever since the days of ourgrand-parent, Noah. Itis one of t bandsomest, if not the very handsomest, sprin, the country; it is also probably the largest spring in the vicinity, but there are numerous others which toss off their quantum of the limpid clement as regularly as does this one. There are little dancing etreams, in every direction, whose business it seems to bo to carry the surplus water offfrom this region of hills to the thirsty country below—a happy mission, which the brooks appear to delight in, as they laugh, and leap, and ripple along, in seeming anticipation of the benefits t! ey are about to bes ow somewhere. By the way, while writing of streams and scenery, | am reminded of the fact that there is an artist here, a Mons. Masson, of York,—taking sketches of scenery and » some of which are in the ‘icature line, very rich. I aim not informed to what he intends to do with them, but they are excellent, whatever may be their ultimate destin c the most popular drives is from here to th ors settlement; Mons. M. bas been there, and has found a score of subjects for his Re ‘The following are the names of visiters now re- siding here, or who have engaged rooms for the season — rous enough to m: Sirs. H. W. Livingstom and family, of. . Livi Manor Modem Costa and family, of... New York. ¥. A Depenu and family, of.......... Philadelphia C. Edwards Lester, Eeq., and family, rae: ae G. G Foster, Eeq , and family, of 0. Mrs. Scbermerhorn, Of... .....+.++++Hyde Park, ©. 1. Town and family, of.............New York Hemilton Potts and family, of. do. JL Aspinwall, of the tirm of H.& A do. m Koliings and family, of. +++. Boston, Stepben Allen and family, of.....New York McK nightand family, of!....... do F do Mman and family. of. > F. Dambman and fw Thos. Kegleston ard Jno J. Garein, of. Mr. Compos and indy, of M. Rodrigue ®. of A Mrs Hi. K Miller, of H.W. Hilla, of... 00.62. Yesterday, being Sunday, several carriage loads of novelty-seekers left bere for the Shakers’ village, in order to witness the religious service of this re- uiarkable people. After a charming ride of two halt miles we wore ianded at the meeting jarge white buildin structed in the plainest architectural etyle—a m: —_— box, with windows in the sides and at one end; the other end of the building being devoted to ante-rooms, ia which many of the members of the fraternity ap: ared to congregate prior to entering tho main al—for the room devoted to religious exercises is a mere ball. We arrived at about ten o’¢lock, and found everything a¢ quiet as possible. No stir; n0 doors opened to invite strangers to enter; no sexton; no intimation that there was a living soul within the house There were two doors, one near each end cf the edifice. On ono door was painted the word © Pemal on the other “ ae s, the ladies to their appro} ir, we panta- loon. wea) ing mortals to the other. Having entered, we found a few seats, on raised platforms, dev to the use of the Gentiles, or ‘ world’s as all who are not Shakers are called by the ers themselves, Woe took our seats in silence, and I 80 we filed off, proceeded to — s peng ran ware? 1 theroom. It was jarge—larger than many | Except in’ the part appropriated to ,”" the was lev Peettinas pine aresde beatae many Hall. the * world’s aid formed o , leaving considerable contre. Severed vomwn is onitwrm—waive pad blue striped form out straight, and without bodices, and d around the bust about two inches below the armpits, wearing white handkerchiefs or vandykes, and close fitting caps—were seated on the forms next the wall at one end of the room, and opposite to them were a number of men dressed in pantaloons and vests, cut after the Shaker fashion, and worn over sorepelensig white shirts; they wore no coats. We had n seated but a few minutes, when the door of one of the ante-rooms was opened, and a number of men and boys came in, all dressed in the same uniform, and took their seats on the benches at the-end of the room appropriated to “males.” Another door opened, and entered a squad of “fe- male” Shakers, who took their seats on the benches atthe other end of the room. Having assumed their seats, they sat like statues, only occasionally casting @ glance towardsthe benches on which were seated our benighted selves, the world’s people. Amt there was perfect silence for some minutes, when both ante-room doors were thrown open, and the congregation of Shakerdom came marching in— the men from one room andthe women from the other. These all took seats; but in doing so a hand- some manceuvre was practised by the women. There were half a score of young and half dozen of very pretty Shakoresses; these were all, by a system of marching and halting, placed in @ position fur- thest removed from the seats which we were allo ¥- ed to SAO AS length they were all seated, to the number of about two hundred; and there they sat, as motionless as though they were petrified. Among the number was one blask man and several yellow women. But motionless as they were, and uniformed as they were, it was not diffisult to dis. tinguish, from our somewhat elevated position, the master spirits from the mas3 of Shakers. One man of rather large frame, with an excellent phreno- logical developement, and a nose somewhat Roman, a Good eye, and an independent bearing of person, could at once be singled out for a commanding go- nius. Another, and another, and a third, might be seen, who bespoke, by their appearance, that they, too, were men who were accustomed to ‘give direction, and not to follow with their eyescloeed. There may have been six or seven of these. The rest were persons who, any one could imagiue would follow, with blind submis- sion, the lead set by their superiors. After sitting in perfect silence for about five minutes, the whole congregation arose, and the benches were taken up and removed to the extreme ends of the roon. The company then formed into platoons, the women al- mr retaining their appropriate end of the room, and the men ditto—the sexes facing each other. Tho platoons now fell back, the men on the right flank, and the womencn the left, about five pacos, the centre standing fast. ‘This formed @ space in the shape of a letter V reversed, or thus, 4. One of the leaders now came forward and took up his posi- tion ata point which may be termed the apex of the Ay With the women on his lef, and the men on his right. Casting his eyes first to the left, and then to the right, he commenced an addreas, the burthen of which was the privilege they enjoyed in being thus permitted te come together and. une in worsnip. [lis remarks were well worded, and his style of orato! was pleasing, having nothing in it fantastic or al- fected. His address being concluded, the congre- gation sang a bymn, the tune to which was never written, or if it ever was, the music must have been long since lost; it was something between a chant and a glee—the time varying, but regularly marked, even in its variations, by the feet of the performers. This being concluded, silence again reigned for @ minute, when another hymn was started, hay a kind of chorus; the congregation faced west, and commenced a kind of exercise, con- sisting of three or four dancing. steps forward, and then as many backward. ‘is was kept up for some time, when they all came to a dead stand; and after resting a few moments, repeated nearly the same movement, dancing the regular steps forward, and then facing about in military style, and coming back to their original position. Ano- ther short exhortation wes then delivered by ano- ther of the leaders, and then a tune was started, at the sound of which the performers formed in three circles; the one in the centre standing still, the one next them half marching and half dancing around them, and the outer circle performing the same evo- lutions, but marcbi in a counter direction. The motion a ; and while the roar y 4 were standing at their ease, one of the orators of the fra- ternity broke out, without any warning, into a dis- course upon the wee the Kesurrection. His ideas were comm d with great felicity of expression. His figures were partly drawn from the Bible, and part: ariginaled by himself. It was a sort of transcendental piece of well sounding so- phistry, remarkably accommodating in its terms, pleasing to the vanity of listeners of small minds, charitable at the expense of truth, and, at the close, commending, in the most modest terms, the doc- trines ofthe sect, without at all telling what those doctrines were. It was an address which would suit the novelty-seeking men and women who frequent the lecture rooms of the city, to listen toincompre- hensible nonsense, or infidel lectures sugared over with the names of philosophy or philanthropy. But so far as the oratory itself is concerned, the Shaker orator would put man; eee Cc land Clin- ton Hall lecturers to the blush, if they submitted to a ec ison. Another dance, a lecture directed espe- cially to the ‘* world’s people,” another hymn, and afew rematks by one of the elders on dismissin, the meeting, concluded the exercises. The loa ing men to whom I have before referred, did not join in the grotesque performances of the day. They were about the room, seeming to join, but infact, only giving countenance to what was going on. When any ofthe ceremonies actually in- volved them in the work, they went through the evolutions with kind of dignified indifference, like @ person walking through a quadri Somehow or other, their vests an ntaloons seemed to fit better than those of the of 3 and the scissors of the barber seemed to have performed their work better en their hair, than on that of the rank and file. Inshort, it was evident they were the office holders. He of the Roman nose, stood in the centre circle during all the round-about dancing, and his keen eye seemed to survey the whole band like a military commander when witnessing the martial exercise of a regiment. If the Shakers are queer religionists, they are good practical farmers. Their grounds were well selected, and are well worked. ey allow no drones in their hive, and their industry is handsomely re- warded. The act of incorporation under whioh they hold their property, does not permit them to amass money beyond a certain extent. Thoy, therefore, expend their surp)us oarnings in improving the pro- perty which, from time to timo, they add to their comain. There are about two hundred of thom at this eetablirbment, and thore is another Shaker village a few miles off. They are an inoffensive people, and render themselves popular by minding their own business. The readers of the Herald in New York, may want to know the best way to reach this healthful ard comfortable retreat. ‘There are several routes; but the most pleasant is the fullowing :—T ake the morning boat New World or Reindeer at 7 o’clook, A. M.; they will land passengers at about 1 o'clock, P.M.’ At Hudson, le: them take the Hudson and Berkshire Railroad, procuring tickets for Lebanoa Note | at the railrcad office. They will then bo landed at Edwards’ station, where carciages run- ning in connection with the railroad will take them up, and after a delightful jaun; of nine miles over a good road, and — 4 fine country, will land them at the door of Columbia Hall. Some persons, who prefer railroad travelling, come by the way of a ouratonic Kailroad ws eae ae stage, seven miles, to this place. ‘he people about fixe are anxious to here rc railroad from Chatham Four Corners, running through the valley of Lebanon, and so north, to intersect the Western Vermont Railroad at Bennington, or the Washi ton County Nailroad at Hoosac, either of whic Will put them in connection with the great line of ruilronds running north through Vermont, and cnto Montreal. The surveys have been made, and the route found to be practicable, having a low grace, and but little von to work. A committee cf the leading men in this enterprise are now in Dew York, to offer the rter to the New York ard I ‘ pany, as that compan z one rowd to Chatham. te any should not aecept the pro offer will be made to the thodton viroad Company. All those who are con- nthe enterprise speak confidently of its sue- f the project should saccoed, we can then wo New York in the morning train of cars, and ‘ct here in the aftervoon. ‘I\bis would indeed be a sappy coneummation for those who are desirous of visiting Lebanon “prings, and want a speedy con- veyence hither from New York. The committee will be back in a day or two, and we shall knew the fate of the projected road. Pr. liver up to Justice mest gg who, bei: Affairs. Sreamenir ro me Bort —Meaers, Bireley & | will, short! 4 160 feet im 16 b of bold. She is to inder con. | Capt. RK. ¥. Loper, for the Merchants’ § Navigation Gcmpany. intended to ply between Boston nnd Hanger, Maine. | She will have doutle engines, with two cylinders, 40 inches in diameter 26 inches | riroke, which are to be buil & Co, Lavncneo —The fine ship Cariago, of £00 tons burthen, | TRt Hnouchied at Philadelphia, on Monday afternoon frou | of Messrs, Vaughan A 1. are 145 feet long. 126 feet betwe and 2 feet bee Merete. Renney, Neate . and locust stan. eheons. She is upwards of five feet through from the tep of the Keolsen to the lower part of the keel, teen Inches in the bilge. with the bilge streaks bolted edgevaye The main batch com! ited With brass on the top, and she ix etened. The Cariaco is interded for the Rio de Janclro trade, and Is to be commanded by (apt. B. 8. Johnston. Laveceso——At Warren, BR. 1, 28th inet, by Mesera, Chace & Davie, completely rigged, a tong, called the Petrea, owned by Merers. & Stor. a ef ag er and fntended for a be ween New York and Charleston, te be commended by Copt. Biles 2. Martin, of Warren. THE CASE OF THE BRITISH SOLDIER. U. 8. Commissioner’s Court. THE BRITISH DESERTER—HIS DISCHARGE FROM ARREST. On the bench, Joseph Bridgham and George W. orton, Ksqrs. Juty 2.—In the Matter of the Extratition of Stephen Walsh.—Mr. Gardener, on behalf of the accused, offered to the Court a paper containing a repudiation of the charge of robbery made against Walsh, and simply asking for his discharge from custody. i Mr. C. Edwards, counsel for the British Consul, said that he supposed the case is entirely with the Commissioner, and that the evidence being closed, this paper should not now be received. He (Mr. E.) said he had not pressed the case too strictly, nor was it ever his disposition to do so. He had simply done his duty; but he could not consent to this paper being read without his being heard in argument upon it. Commissioner Bridgham intimated that as the case was closed on both sides, he would not,open it again by receiving any papers. Mr. Commissioner Bridgham then delivered the following decision: —The prisoner ia arrested on ® warrant issued on the requisition of the Right Hon. Sir Henry Lytton Bulwer, K. ©. B, her Britannic Majesty's Envoy and Minister Plenipo- tentiary to the United States of America, by and psenet the action and complaint of Anthony Barclay, Esq., her Britannic Majesty's Consul at the port ef New York, demanding that Stephen Walsh and eight others be delivered up to the British authoritics, pursuant to the provisions of the tenth section of the treaty between the United States and Great Britain, passed August the 9th, 1842 (apiece a called the Ashburton treaty). That section is in these words: —“ It is agreed that the United States and her Britannic Majesty shall, upon mutual requisitions by them or their minis- ters, officers, or authorities, respectively made, de- charged with the crime of murder, or assault with invent to commit murder, or piracy, or arson, or robbery, or forgery, or the utterance of forged paper, vom- mitted within the jurisdiction of either, shall seek an asylum, or shall be found within the territories ofthe other. Provided, that this shall only bedone upon such evidence of criminality as, according to the laws of the Pine where the fugitive or person so charged shall be found, would justify his appre- bension and commitment for trial, if the crime or offence had there been committed; and the respec- tive judges and other magistrates of the two govern- monts ‘hall bave power, jurisdiction, and authority, upon complaint mado under oath, to isiue a warrant for the apprehension of the fugitive or person so charged, that he may be brought before such judgoa or ether magistrates, Tespeenepy, te the end that the evidence of criminality ma; heard and con- sidered; and if, on such ing, the evidence be deemed sufficient to sustain the charge, it shall bo the duty of the examining judge or magistrate to certify the same to the Proper executive authority, thata warrant may issue for the surrender of such fugitive. The expense of such apprehension and delivery shall be borne and defrayed by the party who makes the roquisition and receives the fugitive.” The evidence shows the following facts:—That the prisoner (Stephen Walsh) was one of nine men under the charge of Richard Douso, a corporal, of the 97th Regiment Foot, in the British service, at St. John’s, ‘Now Brunswick. That on the morning of the Sth of, May, at about half past one, Douse was aroused from sleep in his guard-room; that he was seized upon and ted by the prisoner (Walsh) and some others of the guard; that after his hapds were tied, Walsh asked him if he would desert; that be declined to do so; that Walsh then took two keys and a penknife from the breast pocket of the great coat of Douse; that Douse subsequently searched for them, but could not find them; that the keys were keys which opened the wooden gate and Wieket, the entrance to the barrack grounds andordnance stores; that said Walsh, with a loaded firc-lock, told him that be must oither desert with him, or suffer himself to be tied and gagged; that he refused to desert, and that the prisoner with his compamons then mado their escape. are the material facts as testified, and in the general outline, though not in the ae circumstances, substantially admitted yy the prisoner in his own statement. Un- der the treaty, the following offences are enu- merated:— Murder, or assault with intent to com- mit murder, piracy, arson, robbery and forge the utterance offorged paper. In this careful and specific enumeration of crimes, the object has been to exclude all political offences. Treason, mis- prison of treason, desertion from military service, and offences of lar character, aro not em- braced in the treaty. The examination and com} mitment of persons charged with offences enumer- ated in the treaty, is provided for by the laws of New York, 2d Revi Statutes, p. 792, chapter 2d, and would be complied with to all intents and pur- under the treaty for the commitment of a Rreign fugitive for trial by the testimony of one competent and credible witness, or by the volun- tary statement of the prisoner, and from which the magistrate should conclude that the offence had been committed, and probable cause to believe the isoner to have been guilty thereof. The Kr the examining officer is, whether the evidence ofthe guilt of the person charged would justify the commitment of the accused for trial according to the laws in force in the State of New York, if charged with its vommission here. The definition of robbery, at common law, isa felo- nious taking of money or goods, of auy value, from the f another, or in his presence, against his d violence, or (2 East. P. C., 707; 4 Black. on Crimes, 987; 1 Hawk P. C., c. 34; 3 Inst., Hale, 552 ) And the statutes of New York, follow. ing the common law, define robbery to be the felo- nious taking of the personal property of another from his presence or inhis presence, and against his will, by violence to his person, or by putting such person in fear of some immediate injury to hi .—2d Rev. Stat., art.5, § 55, p. 761. T' taking muet always be accompanied with a feloni. ous intent or an nli—2d Kus., 991 (ast. P.C.,¢ 16, § 62; and to constitute larceny, it is necessary that the party should have the inten- tion to deprive the owner of his property permwa- nently, and to convert it to the taker’s own use, aud make it his own property—the word felonious being exploined to moan that there is no color of right or excuse for the act, and the intent must bo to deprive the owner, not temporarily, but permanently, of his property. Kegina va. Win Halloway, 2d Carr and Kirwan, N. P., 942. The whole question, then, is, dues the cave made bring the acts of the party avensod witl!n the legal meening of the term robbery! Ist. ere is 00 evidence in the case to show that tho property taken, was taken from the person of DVouse, or in his presence, by violence dirccted to tha, end. The force must be used as the means or instrument by which the robbery is committed; the mere elemeat of force is not sufficient, but the intent with which it is uscd, as well as the degreo, becomes material. is in proof, that the keys and kuife were takea from the breast pocket of the corporal’ greatous but there is no proof that the coat or the property were on the person of Doure, and although violence was used, it was not for the purpose of the robbery. In the case of Kex vs. Crum €58,) it was held, that if a p mn stealing other moperty take a horse, not with intent to steal it, Bat ouly to get off more conveniently with the other property, such stealing of the horse is no fel my: Garrow left it tothe jury to say whethor the pri- soner had any intention of sivaling the horse; for that if he intended to steal the other articles, aud only used the horse as a mode of carrying off the other plunder more conveniently, aud, as it were, borrowed the horse for that purpose, he would in point of law, be guilty of stealing the hors ard the prisoner was acquitted on that count Thore is no evidence to prove any animus furandi, the probabilities being that the property Was taken simply to fasilitate the desertion of the prisoner, and not (or the purpose of converting the rer to t. utting him in fear. Jom» 243; 2 usel his us . on Crimes, W1; East. P.C., 6. 16, § 9, p. 662; State vs. Hawkins, 8 Verter, 461; Ros ove Crim. Evidence, 84; Wharton Amer. Crim. Law, 304; Smith vs. Schultz, 1 Seam., 492; State ve. Honwell, et al., 2 Harrington, 529; Rex vs. Hal- loway, 5 Carr & Payne, 524. All the authorities proceed upon the eupposition that the violence ne- cessary to constitute # robbery must be a vio- lence used for the purpore of appropriating the property. In this case, the violence was evi- dently employed, not for the purpose of appropri- but simply to facilitate the prison- ied desertion, and it seems probable that the charge of robbery is made in order that the provisions of the Ashburton trea! y may be used for reclaiming the prisoner ae a deserter. My opi- nion is, that to authorize the commitment of the accused on @ charge of robbery, it should appear that the assault and violence commitied by him on Richard Louse was with a felonious intent. Thot as tho purpose seems merely to have been to ¢ ert, nod the violence committed on Lowe was eolely to restrain bim from prevootiug the execution of that design, the accured cannot be charged with the erime of robbery n if he afterwards committed crimes amouating inlaw to larceny. the mere fact of taking the keys and a penknife from the pocket of Douse, could not constitute a , #ince the evidence rot de wlars, | note that i done anime furanli. Tho ovi- deroe ie deemed imsuffivient to eustain tue charge againet the accused according to the laws of the State of New York, and tho prisonce is therefore discharged arged. On leaving the Court, three groans (ur tae Britioh Minister were catied for, and reeponted to by two- thirds of the audience present, who were cons, or of sons of the “ id Isle.” ‘Throe Mr. Bridgham. ¥ thoy could to check this ebullition ; but the eympatdivors had given vent to their feelings, and (bem wont 4 away. Walsh immediately proceeded to hib tog gent at Bodlow's laland. Marine Court. Before Hon. Judge Lynch. CRUELTY AT SEAJAMES CARR VS. BARRON, An action was lately tried in this court, in which James Carr, a black boy (by his next friend, Charles Edwards), was plaintiff, and Alexander Barron, the master and owner of tho brigantine Susannah, of Halifax, was defendant. When the nature of the case was about to be stated, the de- fendant told the court that the British Consul had sent his own counsel to prosecute the case, and also bad declared that he meant to press the matter as hard ashe could. Mr. Charles Edwards, who Sppeared ag counsel for the boy, admitted that Mr. barclay had sent the case to him; that he, Mr. Edwards, was often employed to defend masters of vessels from suits by their respective crews; but that the Consul was as ready to aid in the protec tion of the cod black or boy as of an honest muster, and that the case would justify any expres- sions of mdignation which the Consul, in bis horror of such conduct, was alleged to have uttered. It will be seen that the master had stolen the boy at Antigua. The danoge were laid at $500; and Judge Lynch did not hesitate to award to the boy the whole amount. Mr.R. S, Emmet appeared for the defendant. John Fitzgerald deposed—I shipped at Port Ca- bello, on board the apa the defendant was master and owner, as he told me ; I did duty for a fortnight as cook and seaman; Carr was on board when e; I have seen him at the pum . What was the conduct of the captain while he was taking the end of the peak halliards and the fore brace’ A. ‘He beat hin; I have scen him knock him down when at the pump, more than once, and so cften that I cannot remember the number of times; he struck him with his shut fist; I have seen him knock him down with a rope, until he could not stand or speak; the boy was sick; I was sent by the captain to tell him to come on deck, or he would make him ; | told the master the boy was sick, and not fit to turn out; he was not fit; the master went down to himin the forecastle; I gave a man a piece of meat on the tormen:ors to take down to the boy; the tormentors was left in the forecastle ; the captain went down in the forecastle; the captain came on deck, and the boy with him, and the captain gave him a rope’s end, and s>nt him to the pump; the boy’s shirt was all fresh of blood, and his hands were all cut and the skin raked off; he was wounded across his knuckles on one hand, and on the wrist of the other, from the tormentors; he worked at the pump about three-quarters of an hour, and after we reefed the mainsail the captain went down inthe cabin, and the boy then showed me his hands ; before that tho plaintiff could use his hands well, and after that he could not use his hands well, and not do so much as to holdon to a rope, or do anything; the captain asked what the fork (tormentors) was down in the forecastle for ; I told him I had given it to one of the men withsome meat for the boy, ani he said 1 am now after rousing him out with it; the captain took him down in the cabin, and the captain asked me to fetch some water, and I went down with it; the captain called for salt water, and used it with medicine, and gave it to the plaintiff, and said that is the way he worked sick peo- ple; if they did not work be gave them medi- cine to make them work; he then made him go the pump again about eight A.M., and gave him no meat all day; he was not ina state to keep at the pume, but be had to keep at it at tho risk of his ife; the captain teld me, while acting aa cook, to give none to the plaintiff, nd to tell the men not to give him anything to and to obey the order as to telling the men; a day or two after- wards, at sea, the master called me down, and told me to call Chelsea, another colored man, and then to call the boy (the plaintiff); he said—* Steward, get out the irons—I want irons;” and told me to put irons on the boy; | told him ‘‘ No,” and handed the irons to Chelsea; Chelsea put them on by order of the captain; after the irons were on the captain struck him in the face, and the blood started from his nose and eyes; he struck him with the back of his hand ; the captain was paintiag the ceiling, and he daubed him in the eyes with the white lead paint; the paint remained in his eyes more than two weeks, until the rain washed it off; he told me to take the cover off the lazareto and put the boy in it, and told me to give him nothing until he shculd tell me; that was about ten, or a little after; he was not taken out until after four P.M; ho had nothing to eat in that time; then he was rope-ended and sent to the pump, with nothing to eat; and he kept at the pump until six P.M ; ho was kept at the pure because he could do nothing else; this was efore the captain used the tormentors; we were in the Gulf; very cold after losing foresail; the cold affected plaintiff so that he could: not walk; he went on his bands and feet; there was 34 feet water on deck; the boy was trying to creep to the windward; the captain gave him a kick and lick of the rope, which caused him to fall to the leeward, and the seaport was open; | told the captain the weuld be overboard; he said—* Never mind tl il ALEXANDER ; | Up wit (1 Carr & Payne, | take care of 3 the master struck him while he was layixg in tho water; the boy did not 4 out, though be generally cried out when he got alick; the captain went away, and I took the boy out of the lee-scuprer, and placed him to lee of long: boat; he was not ablo to stir; if a had come it would have washed him away; the captain wanted me to lash him up. I would not; the captain flogged himseff; at sca, on the voyage from Porto Cabello, the eaptain gave him thirty-nine lashes (1 counted) with an old log line, which he doubled and twisted, and hoe ordered the men t> take every etitch off him; when I first saw him on board he wae as strong and healthy as any man on board; he was beating him every day afterwards; he could not retain his oxcrements; they passed from him involuntaril; Crost-examined.—1 joined the vessel in Porto Cabello as scaman; the master shipped me; I signed articles; seven bands on board—throe be- fore th it, an ordinary seaman, a cook, and the boy; plaintiff said he joined at Antigua; | joined on Sunday, and we went to sea on Monday; he was a strong, active boy; be did anything be could; he did not become sick until he was made sick; he worked on deck, our regular watch; I served out the meats; there was a shortness of provisions on board. Q Did you over tell the captain that the boy neglect- ed his duty? A. I did 1 have no suit against the captain; | have been at sea ten years; the captain never told me to keep his grub; he told me not to ive him meat uvtil he told me; there was not a d 3 afver two or three days at from Porto Ca- bello until we arrived at New-York, that the boy did not get it from tae master; | have never seen the boy struck by anybody but the master; others, as well as myeell, might have given him @ shove, perhaps, but no one struck him; I was to be dis ebarged in New York, and I have been paid off. Jumes Kennedy deposed—I was a hand on board; I joined in Antigua; the boy fell sick about t diye before our arrival in New York; he Well enough to pump, and went below; the captai ordered me to go and see if | could find the boy; [ saw him in the iazarete, where coal is kept; the boy was asleep, in a tainting sort of manner; | told the captain, and the captain told me to draw him 4 rope, and to rouse him on deck, and | did | #0; when I got him on deck he lay in the same shape, unable to move; the captain ordered the boy to be got on the windlass end, and to lash him down, and strip off his clothes; I lashed him do #n; the captain d doubled it twice, and the lashes, and [ counted that is the way,” said le to life;” so we unlashed and sent him to the pump; was not able to go, but was made to go there by force; he kept the boy at the pump ten miputes, until it could be sucked, but he was not able to suck it; he then ordered ‘us again to hold him on the windlass, and J, and another man, and the captain, then gave him about doulle that number with a picee of rattlin line @ quarter of an inch thick; | saw plaintif when he came out of the fore- castle with the captain; his shirt was bloody, and bis hands were ali cut, and the wrists of bi staincd by the torme: at soa I bave knock the plamtifl than twenty times, and kick bim, aud jamp on bis breast; on the Spanish Main | saw plaintiff come out of the cabin support ing his private parte wich a handkerchief, bis tea- ticles all swelled, aud kept in the cabin three or four days; I saw paint on the plaintiffs face, the color of white lead; it appeared as if forced into his eye with a brush; [ have seen the boy very willing, as to pulling and hauling; he was ver) d did bis part until be bad been misused; i out two days after the beating he became ineapable of belping himself, and could not retain his ex- crements. Cros# examined —Plaintiff was on board beforo me; the passage from Antigua to Porto Cabello was tour days; we remained there abo t day the boy was on board all the time, except one when the captain told him to be of about hi wee he bo Sag him there; he was aboard again before night; | think the ‘in bi bim on board, vot with a eceutablay. we wares Laguayra; we divcharged cargo at Cam some as Laganyra, and some at Porgo Cabello; I was on Lowrd, with the exception of one day; the rst aitacked the boy three days after leaving Cabello; it for frivolous thi one day the t into the head, aud when ended him, time he ga three times, Q. Did he ever retuse? A. No, ype cnded him; | have been six years at sea,and ipped og able ceaman; the captain koocked him ea dee his fist, Cag © , sae, the * ared: tho ea took # heavy .marlinespike, anil he etrnek Mim, end ho hnehippéd ® belayi pin, ond etruck bim on tho head; 1 never rey the hoy to the captaia; 1 told the captain onee the 3 the boy waa kept to the 0 laet day he Waa beaten was two da rived at New York; it was evident from bie appengance; the captain detains | $27 wages from me; he paid mo $7 in advance; I | have cecn the eaptaig present @ gun et the mate, € and threaten he would blow his brains out, and told all hands to lay out, and then presented it at all hands, and said it was not the first man he had laid on the deck by a gun; from Cabello we had four sailors, a boy, and cook, seven altogether; we two watches; | was in the star! the boy in the larboard; I can’t swear to the lo, . The defendant called William ‘Chelsea, who doe posed—I shipped at Antigua, and have continued to New York; the captain stole Carr away at An- tigua; I shipped ri eg Captain turned Carr ashore one day, aud brought him on board again; I raw no constable bring him on board. Judgment for $500, with costs. Superior Court. Before Chief Justice Oakley and Judge Duer June 30. —Jomes R. Dey vs. Minot C. Morgan and others. Drcision.—Bill filed, among other things. to set ssid judyment, on the ground of oppression and freud, a that the judgment was confessed as security for certain advances made under a contract whieh is usurious, and that upon an accounting (which is also prayed for in the bill) would be found to be paid, and praying for an in- junction to restrain the defendants from executing said judgment. The defendants move to dissolve tke injunc- tion on three grounds:—1. That by their answer the de- fendants heve denied the equities of the bills, 2. That the debt for which the judgment was confessed is an in- dependent debt, not connected with the contract, and therefore not to be governed by the accounting under the contract; and 3. That asthe judgment is eutered in one of the courts of the State of New Jersey, and as the parties are themselves residents of New Jersey, thi served here, the court has no jurisdiction. As to first ground, the whole equity of the bill is not denied. ‘The execution of the contract is admitted, by which 124 per cent commission is reserved to the defendants for the tule of poudrette,&e. The term “ ccmmis- sion” implies a service to be performed, and where com- mis:ions are reserved when no service ia to be it bas been sometimes construed as a cover for usury. It seems by this contract that the 123, per cent commis sion was to be paid whether the services were gertemed ornot. But the answer has not sufficieatly denied the equities of the bill otherwise. As to the second ground : It is true that @ proceeding on an independent Seve wilt to hold it as a possible set-off on the account between the same parties; but is rule does not apply, as there can be no doubt that the debt upon which the judgment was confeas- ed is a proper item in the account to be taken between the parties, and an advance made under the contract, and so admitted by the defendants in their answer.’ It is true, they state that it exceeded the sum mentioned in the contract to be advanced; but they had the right to make a greater advance, and had the security therefor. And the defendants, by their own stipulation, stayed the execution of the judgment six months, which carried it beyond the term of the contract, if we are not mistaken. It is quite certain that it is included in the balance of account, which the defendants claim in their answer a4 due them. And by an inspection of their (the defend- ants’) own account, it is evident that a large amount must be deducted, ‘They credit plaintiff with receipts of poudrette, at the close of their account, as a gross sum received by them then, whereas they were in receipt of quantities of poudrette monthly. They were to advance one half of their receipts for sales of poudrette, which he were constantly making; and yet they charged the plaintiff, in their account, with interest on all the ad- vances as money loaned’ They charge to him drafts which, it seems, were discounted for their own use and accommodation, and on which they immediately re- ceived the ere They further charge him with the amount of the discounty and interest on those discounts, by charging him with the drafts when discounted, in- stead of when they were due, some three months after- wards. By deducting these items, together with the oom- mirsion on all over $8,000 of sales, (they having charged $11,000.) it will be found that. by their own account, the defendants’ claim aguinst the plaintiffs is algnost, if not juite. extinguished. As to the question of jurivdiction : ve do not wish to be understood as laying down any general rule as to this question; but as to this case, it ‘seems that one of the defendants resides in New York, and that although the other defendants have thelr houses and their families in New Jersey, yet they are merchants having their mercantile domicii in this city. It further appears that the contract was to be performed. bere--the poudrette to be sold here. Certainly we have jurisdiction over the account; and this judgment form- ing a part of the contract, it would be laconvenient aot to exercise jurisdiction over that also. But it was in the argument, and with much confidence, that as judgment was in New Jersey, and the writ 04 execution in the bands of an officer of a court of record in New Jersey, we have no power to issue the injunction in this case It is true that we have no power to restrain the officers of a court of a foreign State, the judge, or the clerk, by a prohibition. We de not seek toexecute such power, and it was that which was repudiated by the Supreme Court of the United States in the two cases cited from Cranch’s Reports (Piges ve. Wolcott, 4 Cranch, 179; McKim vs. Voorhees, 7 ib, 279); but we have a right to restrain theve parties by injuuction, while within the jurisdiction of this court. The motion to dissolve the Injunction must be denied, with corts The Crops in the United States. ‘The condition of the crops throughout the country, at this time, must be a subject of interest to every one. In the Middle States the wheat harvest is finished, and the crop is said to be very large, and of good quaility. Im the Sorthern and Western States, the harvest is just now beginning. From Ohio, Indiana, filinois, and Michi- gan, our exchanges bring most glowing accounts of the Prospect of an abundant harvest, equal, if not greater than any heretofore produced. In Ohio, the wheat crop is yearly becoming of greater importance, and larger quantities of land are devoted to its production. Last year, the yield of the Btate was 35,000,000 bushels, and it is supposed that it will this year reach forty millions. The soil of all thove States bordering on the lakes is better adapted to the growth of wheat than any other crop. In New York, the wheat crop is excellent, though there is ® probability that in Yates and Ontario eounties t will suffer materially by the ravages of the weevil, which, for some time past, has infected it. The returns feom Pennsylvania are cheering; the wheat crep being good, and the prospect for Indian eorn being at this time favorable to a large crop. Maryland, one of the greatest corn growing States of the Union, presents @ poor prospect for a good crop—a iong continued drought prevailed before the corn was sufficiently large to shade the ground and retain the moisture to the earth, thereby causing it to become fired, and rendering it wmall and unhealthy. The wheat crop is very large, but that is of not so much consequenee as the corn crop. There is still a small portion of the State devoted to the culture of tobacco but it bas ceased to be of material conse- “quence, Virginia, the great tobacco producer of the nion, is Abandoning its culture. Except on the Koancke and James rivers there is comparati little of the product grown in the State and the accounts are of an upfavorable charact A drought has ed in this State and serious rehensions are the grain crops, Within a few years, much of devoted to tobacco has been for grain, but the pre- sent crops do not promire a fall harvest. u ‘ice and cotton are the staple productions, and the laints of short crops are frequent and loud, In the nds, where the rice is raised, a severe drought of six or eight weeks has affected the crop full one-third, ord it lb wow too late for a goed season to do any ‘The cotton erop i* also very unpromising. spring frosts, and the subsequent dry weather, have affect- ed it very feriously. and there bas as yet been no account of the first bloom in the State. Georgia, another of the cotton growin, ites, bas suffered more from the late heavy frosts than from dry weather. It is estimated that the erep Will be about equal to that of 1850, The season of late bas been propitious of «good crop, and it is im- possible to know where there is a prospect of an a crop. asthey complain any how. The pianters of Pl are begipning to (urn their attention more to the produe- tion of fruits. and oranges seem to be the favorite. Pietds heretofore uted for cotton are now groves of orange trees and the adaptation of the soil to the production of that as well as other tropics! fruits, bids fair soon to em tirely change the agricultural products of the State, Alabama. one cf the most extensive cotton States of the Union, prevents » fair prospect for a good crop. Louwi- our advices inform us will not ahaifcrop. The late froste ‘& great portion of the seed ca juent erevarses on the Mississippi pletely pros- trated all hope of acrop on the borders of that river. Along the Red river, too, where n great deal of sugar is pro- duced, frost and floods did incaleatable injury. ‘aoh of the land where the foane plants were destroyed wae afterwards planted in cotton, but it was too late to pro duce a full erop. The cotton crop generaily, in tho State, bide fair for an average crop. and would probably have done more, but for several severe bail storms, whivh oom- pletely cut it to piroes in the Caddo district | Every auo- cording yerr, the planters of Texas turn their attention more and more to the production of sugar, and the pro sent proepect of a ful erop ix excellent. It is estimated good. 0 late the sub- that the crop of this year will be double that of last year. ‘The cotton crop ix also promising. Mississippi presents an exerllent prospect for a large yield of cotton, though the plants were much retarded In consequence of the late frosts. A searcity of seed will large acrop as id otherwise have been made. Tea- Neesee promircs a fair erop of cotton, the season having been propitious to its growth. There is t raised in the eastern section of the State. the harvest just ended har been ooe of the most sbundant