The New York Herald Newspaper, July 3, 1851, Page 2

OM EUROPE. @NE WEEK LATER FR “ARRIVAL STEAMSHIPS HERMANN AND AFRICA. OUR LONDON AND PARIS CORRESPONDENCE. THE CENSUS OF GREAT BRITAIN. ADVANCE IN COTTON. IMPROVEMENT BREA DSTUFFS, die., Ken, Se. ‘The American steamship Hermann, Capt. Crab- tree, with advices from Southampton, England, to ‘18th, and the British steamship Africa, Capt. Ryrie, with advices from Liverpool to the 2st ult., both inclusive, arrived at this port yesterday morning The Africa left Liverpool at two o'clock on Sa- turday afternoon, the 2st ult., and has therefore made the passage in ten days and twenty hours. The Hermann left Sremen on the 13th of June, arrived at Southampton on the 15th, and finally de parted thence on Wednesday, the 18th, at 3 P. M. She brings a very large and most valuablefreight, i of Gérman goods shipped at Bre- bh manufactures from Havre. So men, and I great was the pressure for freight that goods had +o be refused at both places, and this while the freight was charged at $30 per ton, the Cunard Coifpany barging only $15. ‘This unfair opposition still continues, but apparently injures no others bat the | parties who originated it. We are informed that the Franklin, advertised to leave Havre on the 2d Our London Correspondence. Lonpon, Friday evening, June 20, 1961. Stagnation in Europe—Comviction of Coun B>. curmé—Acquittal of the Countess Bocarmi—News from all parts of Europe—Stute Bul of the | Queen. | Talieyrand one day reprimanded his private sec- retary for not having written tohim. Mus day avait rien & écrire, retorted the Secretary. ILfailait | nvécrire gw wy avait rien, was the statesman’s reply. Not being willing to incur the reprimand received by the secretary in question, I drop you a line, per weekly steamer, inthe midst of political stagna- | tion, both at home and abroad, with the thermo- meter nearly at 80 deg. ‘This day is the fourteenth anniversary of the ac- cession of Queen Victoria to the throne of England, and she may look back with pride, and forward with pleasure, to the condition of the realms which it has been her lot to govern. England was never more tranquil, more free of social agitation, than at the present moment; anda glance at the bustle and activity of the streets of London will convince the stranger that her commercial prosperity is not on the decline. | The hotels are fullto repletion. It was but yes- terday that I tried every hotel within a mile round Charing Cross for a bed fora friend. Such aluxury | was notto be found. After many hours’ search a small apartment was, with some ditliculty, obtained. | The Crystal Palace is chronged by the curiosity- | seeing multitude, and keeps up ite receipts to be- | tween £2,000 and £3,000 daily. I devoted the other morning to the investigation of the Russian compartment. The massive doors of malachite, the vivid green of which is tastefully relieved by a | line of gold here aud there—the handsome clocks sant vases, of the same material—are mag- July, would have a very large and valuable freight. The Hermann brings, in addition to the above freight, a large collection of owls, swans, hawks, and various British and European birds, alive. The vumber of passengers brought by the Her- mann is 120. The news is one week later. ‘The steamer Africa, on her outward trip, reached Liverpool about noon on Sunday, the 15th June, after a run of eleven days, mean time. She ea- countered strong easterly gales on the voyage, which much retarded her passage. The steamship Baltic, Capt. Comatock, hence, arrived at Liverpool on Tuesday night, the 17th ult., in ten days and eleven hours. The American screw steam ship Lafayette sailed from Liverpool for Philadelphia on the I7th, (the day before the Hermann.) She had a fulland valuable cargo. The repairs to her machinery were very trival, and cost but little more than 500 dollars. The British screw steamship City of Glasgow, sailed from Liverpool on the 18th June, for Phila- delphia. The new iron screw steamship City of Manches- ter was launched on the Ith ultimo, from the building yard of Mesirs. Tod & Macgregor, of | Glasgow. This was the largest ship ever launched from the banks of the Clyde, her length being 274 feet, breadth of beam 37j feet; length, from jibboom to epanker boom, 339 feet ; burden, 2,125 tons; en- gines, 400 horse power. The City of Manchester has four masts, ani accommodation for one hua- dred and sixty first and second class passengers.— She is to run between Liverpool and Philadelphia, and will be ready te start on her first tripon the 25th July, under the command of Captain Campbell. Meesrs. bell & Son state that the demand for American State Securities for the continent, and for inv: ent of money at home, still continued in Lendon; and during the week ending on the 19th ult., a good business has been done at the follow- ing quotations :— United States Five per Cent Bonds, 18 United States six per Cent Bonds 1 United States Six per Urut Bonds Ls6s. ‘United States Six per Cont Stock, 1867-68 New York State Five per Cent. 1s55~ "60 New York City Five per Cent, 1555- 70 Boston Uity Five per Cent Bonds. 1605-62. Pennsylvania Five per Cent Stock. : Ohio Fix per Cent Stock. 1870- Mass. Five per Gent Sterliog Bonds, 1508 Maryland Five per Cent Sterling Bonds Canada Six per Cent Bonds, 1574. : lw Montreal City Six per Vent Bonds . 82 A disastrous balloon accident occurred in Lon- don, on the 16th ult., when Mr. and Mrs. Graham, who had ascended in their great balloon from the Hipprodrome, received serious bodily injuries, the balloon having struck against the dome of the Great Exhibition, where it was only prevented from doing vast damage by a discharge of the ballast; afterwhich the machine took a direction towards some houses, where it alighted on the top, damag- ing property to the value of £1,000, and jeopardizing the lives of the intrepid wronauts. The accident was occasioned by an escape of gaz through a rent in the silk. Accounte from Madrid state that ministers, on Tuesday, presented to the Cortes the project fur the - 106 iis, wo settlement of the debt, and which was conformable | to the one presented to the preceding Cortes. It is said that Lord Howden is likely to saccced in in- | ducing the Spanish government to enter into nego- | tiation for the removal of the differential duties on merchandise imported in English vossels—the Spa- nieh flag to be entitled to the sam European ports In the Madrid Senate, on the 10th ultimo, the Marquis Miraflores stated, in answer to an inter- pellation, that, with respect to the affairs of Por- tugal, Spain was acting in accordance with France and England, but that Spain was to the assistance of Portugal whenever her Most Faithful Majesty sbould intimate that she did not consider herself safe. A squadron is to proceed to boon in British the Togus, and to remain in observation on that | station. Thetreaty of commerce between the Helvetic confederation and the Sardinian government has been brought to a conclusion Accounts from Rome of the 12th ult. state that om that day two persons, named Sarmonei and Savini, condemned by court martial for attacks on the French soldiers, were shot on the Piazza del Popolo. We learn from Rome that an edict has been is- geed by Cardinal Antonelli, announcing that the paper money now in circulation will be cancelled, and @ new issue made to the amount of 3,710,000 Roman crowns: The subscription for the loan uthorized by the Sardinian government was opened at Turin on the Lith ult; the number of Bonds to be issued was 14,000, of which 2,382 were subscribed for on the first day A letter from Rome of the 7th ultimo announces that the Austrian troops have occupied Spoletta We learn from Leghorn that « domiciliary visit was recently paid to the villa inhabited by the family of the late Lord Aldborough, when the po Bee found a voluminous correspondence in English, @ complete sot of printing materials, several clandes- tine publications printed on the premises, and a quantity of arms. The three sons of Lord Aldbo- rough, and a fourth person, were immediately ar- rested and placed in confinement. The Commission nominated in 1950 for drawing ‘ap @ new penal code for the French navy has just terminated its labors; the oole contains 396 arti- eles, and will be forthwith submitted to the Legis lative Assembly. ‘The Berlin papers state that the lors of life inthe recent conflict at St. Pauli is greater than at first |. It now appears that seven persons were killed, and from thirty to forty woundel. ‘The complete evacuation of the Danubian pro- vinces by the Russian troops took place on the 7th inet. General Liiders was at Bucharest on the let, where a ball was given in his honor. He was leave in a few days. Abmet Weffyk Effendi, the Partie commissiover, having terminated hix mis- sion to the satisfaction of hiv areas, leaves towards the end of the month. The Ottoman oops are also retiring, parsing through Routseh re they await final o from ‘ar. In Tuscany, Count Guiceiardial has been exiled Sor sig m Sor reading the ! | protest against farther occupation of their city by ermined to fly | . the Miniater of oceribly be induced to elect in, War, and Malice, in | cent; a coronet of diamonds and opals, worth £5,000, and other jewels, ure great attcactions to the female portion of the visiters. | Last Friday, the Queen’s grand fancy ball came | off, with great éclat, at Buckingham Palace. Miss Burdett Coutts and Lady Ashburton have since given similar fices, which promise to become fash- ionable, much tu the satisfaction of all the trades that deal in lace and velvets. The display of jewels of some of the ladies was very fine. Miss Burdett Coutts wore a baldrie of large emeralds, and other precious stones, from the shoulder to the hip, in guise of a sword belt. Itwas supposed that the Thirty-sixth Anniver- ary of the Battle of Waterloo would not have been celebrated this year by the usual Waterloo baa- quet, from courtesy to the number of Frenchmen and other foreigners now resident in London. ‘The usual banquet took place, the “Iron Duke” doing the honors as usual, and no whit fatigued, he pro- ceeded immediately afterwards to Lady Ashour- ton’s fancy dress ball. I shall not enumerate the numerous banquets, | concerts, fetes, and other festivities, that have taken place, of gre totake place, here. London—the black smoky city— bas donued a gala dress, aad is making merry in houor of its foreign guests. ; ‘Lhe King of the Belgians aud some of his royal children, arrived ona visit to the Queen yesterday. | ‘The operas continue to draw. Cruvelli as Norma, has made a decided reputation. The ‘Prodigo,” (an Italian version of Auber’s **Enfan; Prodigu,”’) which is put upon the stage with great magnili- cence, attracts full hous For myself, I must candidly own I preter the classical wusic of Bellini | or Donizetti, to the gordeous spectacles with which modern composers furtify their compcsitions. Lhe trial of the Count and Countess Bocarmé, at Mons, for murder, has terminated. The Countess has been acquitted; the Count sentenced to be exe- cuted in one of the public squares of Mons. He has appealed against the sentence; but the appeal will have no avail. As I observed above, there is stagnation in poli- tical atluirs. To-night the diseussion of the inter- minable Ecclesiastizal Titles Assumption bill will | be resumed. In France, nothing farther of any interest or im- portance has taken place with regard to the revi- | sion of the constitution. Personal squabbles and animesities, and accusations of bribery in high places, have served to oceupy the time of the repre- sentauves at the Legislative Assembly. No renewal of disturbance bas taken place at Hamburg. The Austrian General has been rein- forced. “The Senate of Hamburg has addressed a the Austrians, to the cabinets of Vienna and Ber- lio, and to the Frankfort Diet; a simi protest, | or rather appeal, was made at the same time to the | cabinets of Franee and England, as guaranteeiag powers of the treaties of Vienna. tis higa time these unfortunate treaties of Vienna, so often ap- | pealed to, should be reformed, as they are totally | disregarded, and have been violated more than oace since IS48. | Advices from Lisbon, of the 9th inst., report Por- | | tugaltranquil. Spain appears willing to intervene | should the sister queen demand her interference; but dare not take any steps without the perimission of England and Frarce. A telegraphic des announces that a project for the regula debt was presented on the 16th to the Cortes, simi- lar ‘o the one presented last session. From Greece and Turkey there is little new. Bri- gend inues in the former, where there has ulso been a modification of the ministry, of no iate- rest beyond Greece iteelf. dvices from Bombay, of the 1th May, Calcutta, i May, and Hong Kong, 23d April, have been re- ecived in London. ‘The insurrection in the Celestial | cmpire continues, and it would appear, from the in- complete aceount received, with some success. ‘The Africa and Haltic have ar:ived. From Ceylon, under dace of 10th May, we learn that the court martial on Capt. Wateon had termi- fa m bas not reached England | officially, at least has not transpired, though an evening paper declares that he bas been honorab aequitted, Bus nese is genera dull. Lonpon, June 2), 1851 Stirring Events in Progress—Counter- Occupation of Rome by Austria—Secret Flight of the Pope~Ao dication— The Succession, §¢., §e. Itis high'y probable that before this! you, and while it is yet on its passa, of the great Roman drama will bave been lifted up, and the farce will have b performed before the world as spectuto ln the scene to be played, | the actors are Pio Nono, Cardinal Antonelli, and | the Jesuits. in full array, the Austrians, the French, | and the King of Naples. The l’ope, it is expected, tinely, or on some specious pretext, and proceed for atimeto (acta. Hereupon the hing of Naples, who has been busy some time past in preparing his troops and strengthening his army, will march towards Rome on the south side. On the opposite side, Austria is to march her armies simultaneously towards the Holy City. What the French will do, who have rendered both the Pope, the Cardinals, and the people of Rome intensely hostile and bitter against them, disgusting the l’ope and all the de- votees by their liberalism and irreligion, and re- volting the people of Kome by their illiberalism and support of the prieste—what they will do, and what the people of Lome will suffer between their foes on all sides, time will reveal. The drama, haw- ever, is now in course of enacting, and qill be pretty nearly, if not precisely, accor: d with bove mentioned ruly we live in a highly dramatic era. he political confusion, misery, and perp xity hich the Pope will infallibly involve himself by dity, piety, and tergiversation may proba- y to the realisation of the ramor of the Pope's abdication, which at one time prevailed. If sutleved to live, he will abdicate and retire as a saint to a monasiery. Then comes the question of a succeessor; and though it certainly will not be Bishop Hughes, of New \ ork city, (for he is not yet a cardinal;) yet there are many who believe that it may be Sin, War, and Malice, as the anagram matiets cali Cardinal Wiseman, as i mentioned to y: former letter. But unless Kussia should word to Austria, it is not at ail ge cardinal would be cleeted to the holy see, for he in some degree offended the conclave of cardina’ who are mad at the Kusseli ministry remaining office, blaming him ia part for the o tion so un- expectedly encountered in England. They had fondly conceived and fully persuaded themselves that the Inglich, if not quite, were almost alto- | reonverted. J.xcessive piety is generally | Ted with excessive credulity; and they believed, | eredulously enough, that a fow Puseyites and con- verts of rank from England, who talked big at Kome, were the English nation. But luasia is | jealous of England, and would by no means | her influence to Pope out of an Engli \. There Cy has been one Englishman who ever | ascended the papal chair; and that Nicholas | Breakepeare, who assumed the denomination of | Pope Adrian V otive of Kussia, if he consented t be rase and undermine the or the ehurch of Rome, which, as o Creek, the Kussian utecrat abhore. The conclave of cardinals might the vain hope of ae re-annexing the jewel England to the owen diedem, and ry-uniting her | that which has been committed by the British Par- | Which it is now sought to repeal. The title of the | for one year, by this law it is made to be in force | wishes of the left of the Assembly. | well to remark, tbat whenever there is a law whieh | the will, if Le has not already, leave Nome clandes- | people to the Roman hierarchy. Butit would have ho such effect ; to th lish Catholics he woald immediately become a mere foreigner, and only inveterate the exasperation of’ the lish Protestants. The successor of Pio Nouo, will there- fore, undoubtedly be am Austrian, or atall events, a creature of Austria, and (which now is the sawe thing) of Russia too. It is not at all unlikely, and | even is highly probable, that the desire of the | heart of the present Pope to witadraw from the cares, perplexities, and incongruities of a religious | monareby, only been hitherto postponed in | view of the succession, and at the instigation of Austria, so long as French power and influence was predoginens at Rome. Hence the necessity, a3 is desire and even his sense of personal safety be- | comes the stronger, that the french occupation should be supers by that of Austria ; heace the movements now in progress of action. Europe and America will now, for some time to come, the telescope of observation with great interest upon this little spot of the world, this grea’ city, the vases; eon® ly, of events to happen which will deeply atfect the interest and fate of all nations. It is afield, howevey, which will not bear @ close microscopic examination. Lok out for astounding news by the two or thre next steamers. Great follies are undoubtedly often perpetrated by some of the American State legislatures, which bring ridicule upon the legislators;but I believe never has the world seen or heard a Gan! equal to liament, in an act passed some time back, and *An act to shorten the lan- It enacted that, act it should also signify ‘* she,” and that the wo one” should be construed to signify many. The literal effect of this, as it was remarked on the motioa to repeal, was to make the women voters as well as men, as it is enacted in the Reform, bil!, that “he” who pays a certain amount ot rent should be entitled to a vote. Auother effect was that, whereas it is enacted that the income tax should only be in force for many years. Nothing more absurd could have been perpetrated than such an act; infact, an act to mend the foolish acts of foolish men and make them good and wise acts. After this, the British Parliament cannot lay claim to more good sense than any assembly of the veriest backwoodsmen. Well was it said by Cicero, I believe, ** Tren quan- tula sapient @ regitur Mundas !” ‘Alas! what tools ralers and legislators are !” Ww. Our Paris Correspondence. Paris, June 19, 1851. The Futwre of France—Political Movenvents—Ter rible Uproar inthe Assembly— Military Parades— Nas from the Continent. ‘Though nothing of much importance has taken place in our capital, since my last letter to the Herald, there are many odd items which, when looked at with a magnifying glass, reveal to the eyes of an observer an immense danger for the fu-* ture of our government. The stormy debates of the Legislative Assembly, the whereabouts of the President, the shameful revelations of our states- men’s bargains, everything shows that our epoch is similar to that of the Roman empire, and that, in- stead of being in progress, we are on a decline. The sentence against M. Forcade, the publisher of the Messager de Assemblée, hus been the cause of much scandal, on account of the publication of certain documents trusted into the hands of this gentlemen, which he published for his dofence. Among the individuals named by M. Carlier, in his written notes, was a certain Mr. L——, a repre- sentative, who was only mentioned by his initial, and that very thing exacted much inquiry in the Legislative Assembly. MM. Lemallicr and La- rabit, two of its members, who had taken for them the accusation of Mr. Carlier, have begun a law suit against the Chief of Police, and no one can tell what will be the issue of all this hubbub. Though M. Carlier has called the documents trusted to M. Forcade a series of notes informees, some jokers asserted that it was really an entire list of notes informées. Every one thinks tha’ the be- trayal of “M. Foreade will force M. Carlier to send in his resignation. The law on the National Guard was voted on Friday last, by 429 votes against 235, despite the violent struggle of the mountaineers. It is certain that with the new law the Nationa! Guard is nearly subdued to the wishes of the government, and this of course, was not to be accepted coolly by the re republican party. M. Changarnier, who took a principal part in this violent debate, uticred the wisest speech ever made in the Assembiy, and was much appreciated by all those who were present. Another law, which had for object to prorogate the powers of the general councils of the munici- pality, was also voted on Saturday last, against the And here it ie has for its object to render the country more peace- | ful, the montagnards have always an objection against it. The debates of yesterday assumed also one of the most violent character. Tho pretext of this political tempest, war the demand made by the gu Verpment to confer upon the Prefect of Lyons, the same powers which are given to the Pref Police of Paris. To the quict speeches of M | and Leon Faucher, the ‘ mountaineer,” M. Pel- lesier responded with much violence, and made a bold glorification of the insurrection, waich has placed the right of the musket side to side with the right to labor. Unfortunately for the dignity of the Chamber, M. Faucher replied to the orator, that his speech was abominable, and then the up- rear began. Never, even in the bloodiest days of the National Convention of 1798, anything as un- | parliamentary bad taken piace. Despite the scene of passion, the was voted, and the sitting ended amidst the shouts of the whole Assem ly. The revision of the constitution still agitates the whole country; and in the fear that the vote willnot be promptly answered to by the National Assembly, l understand that a plot has been made to entice every county in France (in which there are 2,534) to send delegates to Paris, in order to impose upon | | the Assembly adecisive order. Thos delegates would take to the speaker a petition which would | leave to our representation but two means to settle | question: citherto defer the prorogation of power to the President, or to jump out by the windyws. ‘This plot must only be considered as one of the means thought of by the partizans of the Elysee; and it is said that the military reviews in the Cicsa- rian style will be still employed by the President. ‘The first of these parades will take place on Satur- day next, in the Champ de Mars; the second on | Tueday, ith inst.; the third on Thursday, 26th; | and the last, (not the least, perbaps,) on Saturday, | ‘2th, at Versailles, where all the troops residing in | Versailles and St. Germain will be reviewed in the most gorgeous style. Well! Whatof it! This | may do, and cause some excitement, but Ido not | think ill amount to much. In the time the newspapers belonging to the | ultra republican party, have published reports that ihe exiled members of their party who had been } ntenced by contwnace, were on the eve of return ing to France in order to bave their trial revised. | No doubt that there is a reason behind the curtain. What will it be! M. Sain de Bois-le-Comte, ex-minister of France to Warhington, has just been appointed by the government asa diplomate on duty, to settle the boundary difficulties between Spain and France, in the mguntairs of Navarre. He left on Friday last | for ayes where he was to meet Senor Urisor- tomo V idao’ a deputy of the Cortes, with whom the affair be rettied. General Aupick and M. le Comte Colonna Waiezki, are on the eve of cb ug their emba- cies, The forme: would go to Madrid, and the se cond to London The remains of Cardinal Fesch, and those of the | mother of Napoleon, Madame Lititia Bonaparte, which were buricd at Cornetto, have just been transported to Civitta Vecchia, where they will be carried on board of the tteam frigate Vauban, and bre ught to Ajaccio. It is reported that the Duke of Aumale, and the sister of Henry V., the Dutchess of Parma, have at the court of Naples, and that they did fraternize om the most excellent terms So much the better, for it is then certain that the fusion is not a humbug, as it was whispered among certain politicians. ‘The news received from Portugal is not of mach im, nce, but nevertheless it t be said that the’Duke of Saidavha isin a very queer position, knowing not who are his friends or his enemies. ‘The cunning Marshal has put himeolf in # snare, for it is well known that if public dutios are buld by the Septemberites. the ranks of the army are filled with the chartists. No change will take Place in the dynasty, and therefore no intervention will be necessary from Spain or other governments. Astor the Spanish Senate, which, iu its sitting of June With, spoke of intertoring with Port: must remember the weil known imotto, nh business.” The Portuguese ining for @ loan with ad by were many objections made to the veal by the direct orth netitution, TT In Sicily, armaments are making by the govern- ment Ail the forts of Mestina, Syracuse, and Augusta, ave filled with troops aud cavnon. Gen. Sauiano, commander-uebief of the is worl, has | already taken the strongest measures tu preveut an insurrection which was feared ‘The city of Hamburgh, where a riot took place | on the Sth inet., is still the foews of much excite | | ment, caured by the prese ernment of that Aus ity bus pro to we, kngiand, Prussia, and Kussia, invarion of Austria Bpow its territory, ww whieh, | ee of foresgn tr ; incre: | Hshed ; Unt the probability ix that they will exhibit a | with the remarkable fact that the populitum of | bat been their activity in Ireland within the last | nearly as many people as it did in Is4l. | sigh according to the treaty of 1815, a complete ndence had been granted. It was rumored that intention of Senate of that city was to ely place burgh under the pi tion of E l, for it is well known that at Britain ente a large imess with this free port. It is said that the Emperor of Austria and the Cuar of Russia have decided that they would meet again at Olmutz, during the month of August. It is also re) Nicholas had promised the old party of the conservative Hungarians, to re-iu- tegrate the conntry into its organi: laws, and to give it a constit andaking. This nows must, nevertheless, be confirmed, for it would chi alto- ther the polities of Europe. Austria would also obliged sbanhes Teas, and such a disinterest- edness seems almost ‘ The German Diet is really constituted at Frank- fort-on-the- Main, and its Droceedings are looked at with much interest. The fo: of the army is one of its latest votes, and it will consist of a body of 125,000 men, concentrated on the shores of the Beh “ protect Germany agains: all revolutionary attempts. At Szegedin, in Hungary, a Frenchman, named Laplerres was gréatad for distributing incendiary prints. Another person, a New Yorker by birth, named Charles Brace, was also seized and accused of being @ spy, sent by Kossuth to Grosswardia,"to excite the country to insurrection. They were both to be judged by a court martial. M. de Bearn has just been named attaché of the embassy of France to the United St os a a ington. lids} The Census of Great Britain. THE INCREASE OF POPULATION IN EX@LAND, SCOT- LAND, AND WALES — PROBAALE DECREASR IN IRELAND. {From the Liverpool Mercury, June 20.) Although the census was taken so recently as the 31st of March last, the Registrar-general has promptly gratified public souls by issuing o ‘ress return of the population of England and ‘ales, of Scotland, of the islands in the British seas, and of London. We subjoin the results, as compared with 1841, in a brief and intelligible form :— POPULATION OF Mareb 31, 1551. June 7, 1841... ENGLAND AND WALES. 905,831 15,911,757 1,994,074 or 12.43 per cent. Increase. ....... Making allowance, therefore, for the anticipation by two months of the expiration of the decade, the population of England and Wales may be said to have increased, during the last ten years, by at least two millions of souls. POPULATION OF SCOTLAND. In 1851.. 2,570,734 In IS41, 2,620,134 Increase .....- 250,600 or 9.55 per cent. ‘The rate of increase in Scotland has, therefore, been less by nearly one-third than in the more southern portion of the island. POPULATION OF TIE ISLANDS IN TUE BRITISH SEAS. In 1851. . oe 142,916 In 1841. . seceses SEROID Increase.........+ 18,876, or 15.53 per cent. ine In these small islands, therefore, the rate of in- crease has been nearly one-third greater than in Englané. POPULATION OF GREAT BRITAIN. Mareh 31, I851...... 20,919,53) June 7, IS41... 6... 18,655,981 Increase ..... ++. 2,263,550, or 12.10 per cont. This return shows that within the last ten years the people of this island have multiplied at a slower rate than in any previous deceuaial period of the present century. In the ten years ending in 1811, the incsease per cent was 15.11; from 1511 to Is21, it was 14.12; from 1821 to 1331, it was 1491; from 1831 to ISil, it was 13.18; and the last period shows a rate of enly 12.10. With the exception, therefore, of the third decen- nial period, which showed a slight inzrease over its immediate predecessor, there bas been, from the commencement of the pregent century, a constant tendency towards a lower rate of maltiplicasion in Great britain. A The population of London still contiaues to ac- cumulate and augment with ed which promises to make that vast city, in a short time, quite equal in magnitude to the grandest of the haiffabuious cities of antiquity. TOPULATION OF LONDON. In Mareh, 1851. aan In 18i]....+ 948,369 Increase. + 414,772, or 21.33 per cent. If nothing should occur to arrest or retard this prodigious growth of the capital of England, i+ may calculate on having, at the close of this cen- tury, a population of between five and six millions ofpeople. Itis to be hoped, however, for the suke of the myriads of human beings packed within its walls, that it will not continue to expand ata rate which foreshadows the possibility of a goodly na tion being congregated upon a few square miles of land. Quickly, however, as the ig re of London es, thatof Liverpool has, during the lust ten years, augmented more than twice as rapidly. As yet we have not the official retura for tnis borough; but the return which hus been published in the lo- cal papers is no doubt a close approaimation to the truth; and, aa it willbe interesting at the present moment, we repeat it:— POPULATION OF LIVERVOOT, 334,253 In 1851... 200, AG Increase ........ oe sees 123,947 an increase ofnearly 50 percent. If we were Jude the population on the Cheshire side of the Mersey, from New Brighton up to the Rock Ferry (all of which must be cunsidered as an otf- shoot or suburb of Liverpool), and if we were to include the inhabitants of all the adjacent town- ships which are ina great degree dependent upon this port, it would no doubt be found that there are nearly half a imillion of people now resident in. Li- verpoo! and its immediate vicinity. Mr. Eyre vas was considered a bold prophet when he some yea: ago predicted inthe town council that within halt century there would be w million of people collected round the estuary ofthe Mersey. If the preseat rate ofprogression be maintained, the prophecy will be fulfilled in thirty years. IRELAND. ‘The returns for Ireland have not yet been pub- decrease rather than an increase, If Uae diminution rhould, as bas been asserted, extend to the frightful number of 2,000,000, we should then be presented these islands, which had previously gone on increasing ina wry rapid manner, had in the Lost ten years re maind almost stationary. Bat we do not believe that fomice, disease, and emigration, terrible as few year#, have effected such an amount of devas- tation as to eweep off even « million of souls, in ad- dition to the increase which must have takeu place. The probability is that Ireland, in 1851, contains The progressive decline of the rate of increase in Great Britain is generally considered as an almost inevitable result of the circumscription of our soil. When the point ye been a at which population ments faster than the pro- duction ot food or the means of obtaining food, the difficulty of procuring a subsistence must ne- cersarily be greater, and the average duration of life be iA 3. Under such circumstances there will be developed either a slower increase or an abso- lute diminution of a: precisely the fame roportion ast weans subsistence are di fiewlt of attainment. The returns seem to show tbat, during the whole of the present century, there bas been, on the average, aslightly increasing diffi- culty in obtaining a sufficiency of the necessaries of life in this country, although it is no doubt true that, in the course of the fifty years, the standard of living has been very considerably raised amongat all classes of the people. Here, however, the dis- advantages of a iestricted svil would been fully counterbalanced by the marvellous activity of our commerce, had it pot been that short- and selfish legislation forged chains for merce in order to benefit the land. It is our firm belief that if the corn laws had never existed, there would have been several millions more of people in Great Britain than there now are; and we are pretty certamn thatthe next census, in 1401, will exhibit the advantages and blessings of free trade in an yo Sena of a descending, rate of increase in the popul 5 Men do not willingly and lightly fly from their le Evenibough © sbange of home be to be certainly Feneticial, the transition kno becomes more difficult in proportion to its desira- bility. ‘Ihe state of poverty, distress, and disap- intment which forces men to think of emigra- tion is the very state im which emigration becomes dificult, owing to the want of means. Yet the pressure on the means of subsistence had #0 gone on increasing in this country in the course of the last decennial period, that thousands contrived to eseape from the evercrowded land; and the failure of the potato crops, together with the bad harveets of 1510-7, gave an impetus to emigration which was really prodigious, and which not even he repeal of the curn laws has yet been able to Food for the last two or three years has Joyment has been more been tolerably well bi used by the famine period was so great that iy have availed them- selves of the opportunity afiorded to them by « period of comparative prosperity, to leave a land where every piece of standing ground seemed to be pre-cecupied. Had it not been for the vast stream of emigration set im motion by a system of fool legwlaiion, Which was abke acurse and a disgrace he country, the population of the empire would | r au a al two of | aun th '’ thin y i have elapsed einer the | termination of the War and the imposition of ibe | po ariest. been much cheaper, ex it, an almost constantly i flow of the people of Great Britain and Treland to other lands. In the twenty-six yoars in 1840, the number of emi who sail m our shores was 91,126, being an aver- age 98,693, ear. But that av has been far exceed ic the decade to which the last census refers, as will be seen from the following return of EMIGRATION FROM 1842 To 1850. 1841. es 118,592 123,344 67,212 Total in the ten years.............. 1,634,892 Add the number for the previous twenty-six years, and we have @ grand total of 2,585,01 sons who have been banished from Great to find the food which the landlords of Great britain could not grow, and which they would not permit to be imported until famine was in the land, and a revolution was threatened. Foreign Miscellany. The fing of Naples is increasing his army. Swiss r its are constantly arriving. The news from the Cape is more gloomy than ever. The war has not yet really begun. It is thought that Kreli, Pato, Umhala, and Morsheh, will all join the war party. , The Prien Post Office has suddenly, and with- out notice, raised the postage on English news- pers more than three-fold the former amunt. big as well to state that the postage of a London journal to Berlin is nearly three times the price of it. As the English postage on a foreign journal is only a halfpenny, something should be done re- 8 this enormous difference. M. Cabet has arrived in Paris, and has already commenced the necessary proceedings connected with his appeal relative to the sentence which had pear pronounced against him by the correstional olice. M. Moerenhout, ex-Consul of France at Monte- rey, has just arrived in Paris. He has brought despatches from the Sandwich Islands, and from M. Dillon, the French Consul in California. M. Moerenhout has made the voyage from Sau Fran- cisco to Paris in fifty days, via Panama. Noxway.—A letter from Christiana (Norway), 30th ult., says:—The loan which the Storthin authorised our government to contract, in order to cover a part of the expenses of the construstion, which is about to commence, of the netway of rail- ways of the Lake of Mjoesen, amounts to £1,20),- 000 (hicks millions of trancs), and wl bear in- terest at dper cent. per annum. This loan has just been negotiated with the banking houses of Salomon Heine, of Hamburgh, and C. J. Hambro and Sons, of London, at the rate of 97. The pre- vious loan contracted in 1845, and which was at the same rate interest, the government only ob- tained 92. This difference between the two rates proves that the credit of Norway has improved abroad, and which can only be attributed to the tranquillity which our country has enjoyed a. home, while so many of the other states of [urope have been the theatre of such terrible convulsions: Traber in France.—The most recen’ commercial letters received from various parts of France rep- resent affairs as somewhat recovering from the (Seed appearance they wore some days since. ‘he manufac‘urers have received numerous orders for the great fair of Beaucaire, which will be held in July. ‘The travellers who have returned from London, highly pleased with their visit, have re- ceived many promises, and the stock of goods among the shopkeepers being now much reduced, the manufacturers expect to be speedily engaged in full work. ‘The Paris tradesmen admit that the Jast week has been a beneticial oue for them. The return, though tardy, of summer weather, has in- duced numbers to purchase summer clothing, and the fancy shops, particularly, have made extensive sales. The accounts from Lyons are also more favorable. Silks have risen in price, although it is now ascertained that there will be but few exports to the United States this season, the Americans, who were the best customers for silk goods, being now overstocked Agricultural produce continues to rise in the various markets, and bread would be much higher in Paris but for the immense supplies of flour in the stores Flour of the first quality has been sold, within the last few days, at 47f, the highest price at which it has been worl since the commencement of the year. heat is in good demand, at an advance of 0 centimes th» hectolitre ; and several contracts ad- vertised by the Minister-at-War for the delivery ot wheat at Lyons, Strasburg, and other towns, have not been concluded, in consequence of the maximum fixed by the minister bemg less than the market price. The wine market at Bercy is still dull; buyers and sellers are waiting for the Season to be more advanced, in order the better to judge of the approaching vintage. ‘Turkey axp THe Hoty Seruccure.—The Co logne Gazette bas the fullowing from Constan:inople, dated the sth ultimo:—The new French ambassa- dor, M. de Lavelette, has had a private audience of the Sultan, at which he delivered his letters of credence, and presented the persons astached to the embassy. He is particularly charged by the repub- lic to urge the rights of the Catholic Christians over the Holy Sepulchre against the Greek Curis tians, and to this effect he presented to his highness two autograph letters, couched in the most ener- ge terms, trom the President and from the Pope. M. de Titow, the Kussian ambassador, has deliver. ed to the Ottoman Porte a memorandum, which very much resembles a formal protest, in which he adds the following reasons to those whiclf have been already advanced in faver of the rights of Russia over the Sepulchre:—1. About dfty years since, a quarrel broke out between the Greeks and the Armenians, on the subject of the Holy Sepul- chre. A commission, formed of three ulemas, two Greek, aud two Armenian bishops, terminated the | quarrel, by deciding that it belonged to the Greeks. 4 here were then at Constantinople, a French am- bassador, Catholic bishops, and a legate of the Pope, but no objection was raised by then. 2. Some years since, after the burning of the temple, the Grecks and Kursia made collections for its re- construction; it was done, and no Catholic power protested or pretended that the Gireeks had built on ground which did not belong to them. 3. France pretends that the Iloly Sepulchre was taken from the Turks by the Crusaders, and incorporated by treaties with Catholic Christianity. The Holy Se- pulehre had, however, belonged to the Greeks be- tore the Turks and the Moors had possession of it. Svrrosep Traces or Sin Joun Franxiin.—We perceive that a morning contemporary gives cir jation to a re} as to some supposed traces of Jobn Franklin. These traces, which are said to be “by far the most important, presumptive or other- wise, which have yet reached us respecting the ssing expedition,” consist of the tollowing:— “From the voluntary testimony of one of the sea men engaged at Stromness for the Prince Albert, we have the following facts, elicited and taken dowa in the presence of Mr. Kennedy, the commander of that expedition, and others; and the statement is attested by the seaman in question, William Millar, who declares that, if required, he would make the fame upon oath. He states that he was on board the Prince of Wales in 1813, when, early in Sep- tember, during thick weather, they entered (as they believed) ter Sound, and steered west, advancing slowly. The fog continued very heavy for some days, when it suddenly lifted, and high land was seen on the larboard side, over the mast head. The captain, being a: first doubtful if it_were the loom of icebergs or of |, Sent a boat off to ascertain the fact, and of this party William Millar formed one. He states that on landing, the marks of shoe Peat were distinctly visible i the mud, above high water mark; close by wasn small cooking place blackened by fire, and a little further on a well-built cairn, about four or five feet high, of which the party pulled away a few stones, but, being recalled by @ signal from the ship, which was being driven in shore by the current, were com- pelled to return on board immediately.” From the above it is inferred that some of Sir John Franklin's spot and that beneath * is deposited “ distinct information of ets and future intention.” We wish in the belief.—London Globe. Rese» Po, hp ney a Pee Mi- nister ‘rade, M. Von der Heydt, proposed a congress of postal commissioners from all European governments, in order to concert general arrange ments for facilitating the conveyance of the mails, tually reducing postage, and drawing up uni- ‘m regulations for the communicatio: tele- ic despatches. He is said to contemplate a pe of twi happenny as the highest rate jor @ sing) Ifounce letter within the contem- plated great postal union of European Siates. 1, dune 20, one o'rlock.—The juring the present week shown more animation, both as respects business and prices, than for # long while past. The general teudency is upwards, end in the pri stocks a rise of one per cent has occurred, French Kents have improved about 13g percent, and Austrian 1 per cent, whilst Peravian Bonds have been extensively operated in, and are 7 por cent higher than on the Amsterdam Exchange, The bnglish stock market is steady this morning at the closing rates of yesterday, and busines: remains com Parativery inwctive, Consois are 06}, to five-eighths ox div, for the opeving; reduced three per ceuts, 7 to oge- emhth; w three and @ quarter per cents, 98 to one eighth; kxehequer bills, 42s, to 4s. prem, as boon heavy all week, ahd, irom th’ present aepeet there appears lit. | preepeet of much movement for the bewer, The last week bas been just a qnar- ‘There ts a lens firm fee ling in the fe wy, the prises of Mexican, vian being all lower, and the ney find tether downwards for the trey ond Just naumed yf | dhe general tone of the market ye fivet uation in prices sit er per cent | Heald unders Market is beavy, decline of about 10s. per dition to the decline of 10s to £1 at the close of busi- ness yesterday. Tiuuns o'er —onsols for opentng 1ith July, $s to prices share, in ad- XM, ex div. The Midland, 473; to Liverroot Corton Manxer, June 20.—We have had an active and brisk cotton market during the past > and we close, raising our last quotations ‘sd. to }d. per lb. This advance applies particularly to the mid- dling descriptions of American, the better classes bei without chavge; other sorts, though more in The Committee decline in the amount of weekly receipts, All other ac- counts as to crop, kc, remain as before. 6770 Ameri- can and 1,240 Surats have been taken on speoulation; and 5,460 American, 2,260 Surats, 60 Madras, and 700 Sales for the week, 53,600 bales. Jose 19.—The sales to-day amount to 6,000 bales, of which 400 Pernam and Maranham, and 300 Bgyptian, Pernams, for export. have been taken for export, and 300 American on specu. lation, The market was well supplied, and closed steadi- ly, with American one-eighth to one-quarter of a penny per Ib, higher ; and Surat an eighth of a pe Bighoe than on Friday last. All other kinds remain unol id. ‘The sales consist ot about 4.500 A: 450 Pernam. and Maranbam, 6!,d. to 8d.; 560 Egyptian, 64d. to 744d.; 700 Surat, 3d to 434d. June 18.—The sales to-day amount to 10,008 bales, and include 1,000 American for export, and 1,000 on speeula- tion, The market closed with great firmness, American being one quarter of a penny per Ib., and Surat one eighth per Ib. higher; and other kinds unchanged. ‘The sales consist of about 7.000 American, 300 Pernam and Marauham, 6}¢d to 7',d,; 150 Ba) Egypt Ojgd. to 94a; 2000 S8urat, 3. 5, June 17.—Lhe sales to-day amount to 8,000 bales, of which G00 American bave been taken for export, and 1.200 on speculation, The market closed with an up- ward tendency, aud was not Well supplied. Americans are one-cighth to one-quarter and Surat one-eighth of a penny higher; and all other kinds unchanged. sales include 6.00 American, 300 Peroam and Maranham, 6 49<. to &d., 200 Egyptian di to8d.; 1,000 Surat, dd. tod gd; 60 slande, 14d. to 21d. June 16--We had a large business to day, the sales veing 10060 bules, including 1,000 American for export, and 7,000 American and 1,000 Surat on speculation The warkct closed with an upward tendency, and American. one-eighth to one-fourth penny dearer in the last ten days. Brasils, Egyptians, and Surat, are unchanged. The sales consist of about 8,000 American, 100 Bahia, Gd. to 6: 200 Egyptian. 64/d. to Yd.; 1,500 Surat, 3d. to 44(d.; 70 Sea Islands, 12d. to 17d. Jone 14.—There hes been a hardening tendency to-day Prices of American, that were cult to buy. can for export, and 1,500 on speculation. The sales in- clude 7,500 American, and 1000 Surat, 3 to 4d. Loxpon Coan Exciiancr, June 20—The weather has at last become genial; summer may be said to have com- Mmeneed yesterday, and as the season isa late one, the wheat crop is not too forward to have suffered by the unkind hard weather of the last fortnight. The arrivals this week have beeu more liberal than of late. but a good many cazgoes of the oats have arrived much out of con dition, from the length of time they have been on ship- board = Wheat.—The trade ix firm at a shade over Mon- day’s rates, but the favorable change of weather has re- laxed the courage of our bayer, Barley.—No change. Cats are td to 1s. lower, and many cargoes so hot they must go togranary tobe put in marketable condition. Flour.—There has been @ very large demand this week, and the market is the more firm in that the Paris market: has risen 6 francs per sack in the last two days. Prices or Gra tx Excrann, Aggregate official averages for all the markets of Great Brituin tor the six weeks ending June 7, 1851:— Per quarter, Per bushel. British wheat..... . B8s, 10d, elit © barley . ts, 8d. 073 «oats. : 0 58 « tye 0 7436 « Blane 08” “peas 0 7934 Duty on foreign grai cents per bushel. Livenroo, Manxers, June 21.—Ashes have met an ac- tive demand sii last report, 1.100 bbls. having beew sold at from 27s. bd a 25s. 3d. for pots, and 30s. per cwt. for pearls. Bacon— Without change in prices, there has been more doing in bacon during the fortnight, and the sales are about 1.400 boxes. Bark—Quercitron—290 hhds. Philadelphia sold ac 8s. to 8s. 6d. in store, and 8a, per ewt. toarrive, 1,000 bags Baltimore from the quay sold at 6s. 3d., and 10 tons at 6s. 6d. per ewt. Beef—About 850 tierces of fine quality have been sold during the fortnight at the quotations; for inferior there is no demacd. Bees- wax—d tons American are reported at £6 10s, to £6 15s, per cwt, Butter—Tnere has been am improvement in the demand for Irish Grease butter is more inquired for. Cheere—The market is very inactive, and there are no tranractions to report. Colfee—z.500 bags St. Domiage all fwults, at 25s, toJls,,and a small lot plantation Ceylon in burrels, at 44s. 6d. per cwt. are the only sales we notice Corn—Uur last report was on the 7th inst. ; for the week following we had & very active market, and a large busi- e JM ail articles wt advanced rates; wheat per 70 Ibs.. flour 1s, per barrel, and’ Indian yuarter. The arrival: of flour from all nar- used ; this, with being found to be much less than was sup- ed the improved feeliag to continue, aud nce of 4d. per 70 Ibs. om wheat, and 1s. to per barrel on flour, has been puid this week. At Jesterday's market there was not the sume activity, but there wus a large attendance of buyers, holders remain ing very firm, aud at the close of the market there was more doing, und prices are firm at our quotations. Tne imports for the fortnight, from foreign pool, are—30,240 quarters wheat, 42.590 sacks flour, and 52016 quarters Indi corn; and the exports during same time are—3,760 quarters wheat, 9155 barrels and 4031 sacks flour, 36.364 «quarters Indian corn, and 3.500 barrels Indian cora meal. Hemp—In Baltic there is nothing worthy of notiee; the sales in Jute, are 4.700 bales, at £10, up to £17 15¢ per ton. according to quality. Lard—The sales of the furt- night are 100 tous, at a decline of Is. per cwt. Oile—A goud business has been done in olive, at former prices. 500 tons palm sold at £27 to £27 5s. on the spot, and 920 tons to arrive ot £27 perton, 160 tuns mew pale seal, on the spot and to arrive, sold at €30 per tun, No transactions in cod sperm, or whale oils, Linseed oil is in fuir request, at as Gd. per owt. 20 tons pale rape sold BOs per ewt, Pepper—A stall lot Sumatra sold at Pork—There ix no improvement to notice in mand, 600 bags fe. Od for brokem, Os, Jd. for middling per ewt. for very fue white, Mosin—Abo: American sold at ts, 1d. to 3s. 2d. for coun per ewt, for better quality. Tallow--The steady at the quotations, Tea—There has been more doing. without change in prices. Tobacco—The market is very quiet. Turpentine -Spirite are firm, at 34s. to ds, 64; 900 barrels rough vold at 7s. Md.,to arrive. Iron —Binee our last, (he market continues very quiet, with- out any change jo prices, Pig iron is without alteration; market dull, Tin plates continue in request. Block Tin — No change to report. Copper is without “=. Pig lead can be had at easier rates, but in very limited re- quest. Maxcneoten. —Owing to the better tone in the Liver- pool market, the businers in Manchester bas improved and a good trade has been doing, at rather higher rates. Maxenseten Trane Reront, June 19--The yarn mar- ket continues to give uw evidence of activi- ty. and manufacturers and merchants have alike expe- Tieneed & difleulty in placing orders without some ad- vance. in most cases an advance jonate with the rise which has taken place in the raw material at Liver- demand for several descriptions of yara. bot —_ =< port as as home . is 80 ‘ in most cases spinners Seve their own way. It onmto A be oowsented, wowever, test buyers yield to this advance, but the better olase of goods whieh are in stoek remain at inst quotations, The heavy purchases of the last week or two bave given « y stimulus to the trade of this district, and some hopes ure entertained, from the general nature of the demand and the circumstances under which it hag arisen, that it will not beshort lived. Latest Intelligence. BY ELECTRIC TELEGRAPII. Lonvon, Saturday Morning. ‘The accounts from the Continental Boarses repre- sent business as tranquil. Duteb and Russian well maintained, owii the continuance of purchases for investment. ican was heavy, with a further tendency to deel At Frankfort it was understood, aeco to. advices from Vienna, that a new Austrian loaa for ——_e sterling is open for public competition. he Moniteur announces that M. Colouna Wa- lewski, Ambassador to the Court of Spain, has been appointed French Ambassador to the Court ot London. General Aupick, Ambassador a London, will fulfil the same functions at Madrid. Panis Bourse.—Vives, 926.70. Threes, 561.70. Canine Counctt.—The Coaneil ent an hour and a balf yesterday. Tnx Great Exninrion. —The nuthber of visiters yesterday amounted to SIM. K 19, Phe Paris journal navetildag'ore. Tran. Patr ning, it is known thatthe Roman government. haa, under th diation of Frese, opened nego- tiations with nd, in orier to ubtain the re- moval of Mr. Freeborne, the English Consul at Kome. It appears that these negotiations have just terminated to the satisfaction of the Pope. Navigation Laws.—Under the bead of “ Facte for Lord Granville,” the Herald says the amount of tonnage of foreign shipping, loading outwards in the port of London yesterd: was fi,452 po | of i oe 6 to these, 5.965 tons comprised American ships, for the United State, while there is not a sin, British vessel in the ‘Chames loading for the Ameri- eon republic. For the terranean and Soatherm Lurope there are 1,715 tors. Of foreign shippi for the Baltie and North of fu- For South America and the Weat and for Batavia, 340 tons. The ly that at Liverpool the faete in tothe preponderance of foreign shipping. ch Versels, are even stronger than tiforg bave referred to ig relation to London. refere eri hick we