The New York Herald Newspaper, September 20, 1850, Page 6

“AFFAIRS IN WASHINGTON. Our Washington Correspondence, Wasuinoon, Sept. 16, 1850, The Public Printing—The Log-rolling of the Or- gans. The organ of the administration, or of the party majority in either branch of Congress, from time immemorial, has reaped a rich harvest from the public printing. The fortunes made out of the gold placers of California, fabulous as they seem to be, muay find a parallel in the vast sums realized by the printers to Congress. Six or seven years of the pub- hie printing at the rate of from $25,000 to $75,000 pro- fit per annum, will run up a handsome capital ia the aggregate. And yet, although not less, per- haps, thuna million of dollars in the aggregate, have been paid from time to time to Messrs. Gales & Seaton for the public piint they, of all ‘the public printers en the old purty system, have failed to get rich. Why? Because of their liberality | with their money, ani because the National In- telligencey, with’ 20,000 subscribers, has not paid expenses. They have, at this time, a sum proba- bly exceeding $400,000 of outstanding subserip- tions—e fF ical illustration of the superiority of the penny mover the cash priaciple. So ex- pensive, deed, is this old credit system for a daily newspeper in Washington, that even the govern- meat advertising and the pay by the Senate of $7 50 for their interminable debates, do not Intelligencer, we venture to say, pay | expenses. Whatisthe result! Eech party must have a daily organ at Washington. Subseriptions and government advertising won't pay, of course; the organs must have the pabulum of the yee ing of Congress, add that has been a source of pro- iit equal to the richest gold diggiags of the Sacra- mento. J - A few years ago Congress wasseized with a sud- den fitef cconomy. Their printing was given out by contract. Such was the competition that the contractors took the we jess than cost, and the result is, that in every point of view, the work of the last Congress was the very worst that has ever been executed for the goverament; and yet the contractors lost money FP At the last session Mr. Ritchie contrived to get the principal portion of the by contract, but t less than the cost of composition and press , But he has depended upod indemnification, that having been the practice of Congress hereto- te d pow what isthe scheme? ong (he three organs for the work, on the old jlan, of electing a prioter or printera, at the old prices of cr cent below the law of 1819—that is to say, at about 150 per cent above the price at which Mr. Ritchie has been dei the work by contract. 1 At this stondard, we presum the Union gets the House, the Jntelligencer Senate, and the Republic the Departne is Will be sutis- fied, and the three organs get along swim- mingly. The work w bt be promptly and well executed; butt to the government will probal each $200,000 a year above what would be actually required under # well regulated national printing office, for the execution of all the public work in Washington But by the proceedings of the House to-day, you will detect a combination at work to revive the old system of a bonus or a bounty to the party organs— @ pay? ent out of the Treasury for the manufacture | opinion. opose an exhibit of facts and figures on ject in a few days, going to show the abso- of a thorough orm in the public establishment of a national prin ing perate government bureau, indepen- ty pr the party organs, and the accidental party majori‘ies of either house. printing, office, as Wasuineton, Sept. 17, 1850. ke of Ewing for Alicwing the Barron Pension Claim—Action of the House on the Subjeet— How FF V's Hang Together m Getteng Moncy owt of the Government—Senate’s Work—Howse’s Work—Iieads of Bureaus to be Discharged. The House, yesterday, in a very emphatic man- ner, put the seal of its condemnation upon the act of the lute Secretary of the Interior, Mr. Thomas iwing, in re-opening end paying, upon a new for a second time, the Barron pension | claim. It also stamped its condemnation upon the Jaw arguments of a whole list of distinguished F. F. V.’s, in favor of th yment of the Barren claim upon the commet riaciple of five years d interest. The law which was passed k ouse yesterds 0 this subject, reads as follows :— sin fet in Relation to the Claim of Virginia Ogicers for Holf Pay Re it enacted. &e., ke . That the proper officers of this government, in u¢jucdieating einims for half pay of the officers of the State of Virginis, under the third section of the act entitied “A n act to provide for liqui- dating and paying certain claims of the State of Vir- | ginia,”’ approved the dth of July, 1832, shall fa no case allow ecmmutation or commutation and interest in lieu of half pay Mr. Bayly and some others worked very carnestly to defeat this bi'l, but they could not do it. It was passed dy a very lerge majority; and if it pas the Senate also, it will plete estopper to the paymeat of any more Barron pension claims, npon the principle. Whea this claim for half pay only amounted to Under the fostering care of Mr. d its pet agents, the claim swelled to the 2,000, and was then paid. itis euriousto observe how the Virginians and feme Others, no matter what their politics, are ready and anxious to justify the allowance of this Herron pension claim. They are clanaish, and go foy their kind, An incident will show how these spies Work, When a writer in the New York Cageent, under the signoture of A. B first broke 404 vpon the whole series of a ances of the late Galphin cabinet, the paragraph in his Communica ici this femous Barron pen- sion claim wi panged by the editors of the Lrpress, and wil the rest published, simply becaver, es the writer atterwards learned, one of t i was distaotly related by marriage to the Batson family" Upon the seme ground the Virginians are always ready to defend the pay ment of any sort of elai paid by the genera) government to Virginians dlente the array of nf * in \ s whitewash ¢ re rdeon Inve te epeat moch hird time veyor Gr li provides tor the appoint- . for the surveying of ning of bounty lands to he amendments of the House to the Ark- 3 onside r= as Swamp Land Bill w ton end diecustion t n t pators Were me king The Howse took up , el of them s tuken ug 4o'clock, P.M vils from the Senate, and no great public it ove il Road bill, The d they i. iis tlinois, Mis- val isto roa The tinois b. Heath, of . 4 and . ero! Hall, that he shall in hic of of Foret Assistant Pow Mester Generel W sueron, Sept. 17, 10. Wok for Congress—Night Sessions needed ~Mem bers going off — Candidates for Offices in the New Cowntry—Remored Appratments ty Br Misers. Ashmun, March, and Allen A. Hall New Seretary of the Intervor-— The Prendent and Cabinet unchanged —Vinton's Tart Scheme Congress has but eleveg working days iw whieh to dispose of the vast amount of business on the tables of the two howses. There is more to be na business point of view, in the coming been done during the whole done, ten daye, than has three session have left for their hor Session, and others are on th ere of a year thut Congress has been in And yet several members of the House eo, to return no more for the poiat of leaving Night sessions must be had, and soon, no doubt, will be; and the two houses must meet at 10 instead of 11 o'clock Candidates for the new offices to be filled for Galiforni New Mexico aad Utah are as thick as be seen. That good, true and capable men will grt them, is the general hope. It ic eurmised that the Hon. George Ashmun, of Massachusetts, who declines a re-election to Con- ess, will be soon appointed Minister to Brazil, A crmbination | Mr. Millson, of Virginia, and | and that his friend, Charles Mareh, of New England, will be Secretary of Legation. Two bet- ter appointments could seareety be made. It is understood that the distinguished friends in Congress, from Tennessee, of Allen A. Hall, Esq, the ie Galphin editor of the Republic, are urging that gentleman’s claims for aa appointment equal to that of Charge d’Aflaires to Bogota, in place of Dr. Foote, who 18 coming home to resume the editor- ship of the Buffalo Advertiser, or Governor of New Mexico. And Mr. Hall will most likely get some such appointment, notwithstanding bis late ad- voeacy of the payment of the Galphia claim, aad his opposition to the Clay and Fillmore compro mise, for he has the most perserviag and success- ful backers of any man in the country. Mr. Hell makes a faithful and correct public officer. Asa wihig campaiga editor forthe meridian of Tennessee, he has no superior. Bat as the head of a bureau at the seat of government, he could hardly be called any whig at all. His affinities, while he occupied the latter position, seemed tu incline most decidedly in the opposite direction. But pesheps this was owing to the influence wielded over him by Mr. Meredith, late Seeretary of the Treasury. ‘ Mr. Stuart, the new Secretary of the Lo ierior, is at his post, performing the arduous aud complicat- ed duties of the office he oecupies, and addi by his deportment to all, to the high reputation which preceded his arrival at the seat of government It is worthy of note that President Fillmore and all of his cabinet ministers are now, in their new offices, the seme in manners and beariux that they were afew months wgo, before they dreamed of filling those exalted stations. They are each and all unchenged men. Gentlemen before, they are entlemen now. Exaltation does not spoil them. his is observed by all who see them and note their bearing. This was not so with the late ea- isters, though it was so with General 5 comparisons are odious, pr, ir. Vinton’s scheme of altering the tariffis a good deal talked and langhed about. To assume the average market price of dutiable importations in IM46, and upon thet seale lay the ad valorem dut pon the dutiable importations of the years 1861, "52, and eo on, because imported goods of various descriptions are much lower in priee now, and likely to remain so, than they were four years ago, would be a system of whipping the devil round the stump, m order toe get up a bigh tarifl, which the people would never approve of or sanction. The scheme did not take, though it came sear being edopted. Fair play and aquare, straight-forward work, will always receive the approbation of the people. Pray, what has the average price of importe ois in 1S todo with the average price of goods mported in 1851, ! thenceforward? As well might Congress go back to the year 1792, and take the average price of imported goods in those old days as a criterion for averaging the price of imported goods in 185), end levying an ad valorem duty thereon. m The object of raising the tariff to avery high pitch—too high, perhape—would, no doubt, be gained by the adoption of Mr. Viaton’s scheme, bec almost allimported goods in 46 were vastly higher in price than they are now. Iron, for example, was so bigh in price in 1546 that to levy the ed valorem duty on the present importa- tions of the article, at the rate iron was then worth in market, would be to enhance the duty beyond the price of the commodity. Thet willnever do. Wasuinaron, Sept. 17, 1950, New York Politics m Washington—-Southern Movements—Ingenious Method of Singing out of the Senate the Candidates forthe Presidency— Awful Squandering of the Public Lands. ‘The coulition ef the two great fragmeats of the New York democracy, at Syracuse, and the promi- nent position awarded to“ Prince John” in the proceedings of that Convention, are matters of a good deal of distrust at head-quarters. The friends of Gen. Cass suspect it to be omissions against his re- nomination for 1852, and the friends of Mr. Dickinson are somewhat apprehensive that it may result in the Legislature sending John Van Buren to the U.S. Senate by way of compro- mise, and as the best method of roping into the democratic ranks the late great free soil interest of the Empire State. How Governor Seward re- gards this business has not officially leaked out; but the movement is well adapted to disturb his estimates. There is evidently a good deal of im- portance in the doings of the Syracuse Conveutioa, or it would not have been the leading topic of dis- cussion among the Washington wire-pullers for the last ten days. Parties are in process of re-organi- vation; the New York movement appears to be the first upon the schedule, and the results of the election will go far to shape out the Northera plan of operations for 1552, with reepect to both parties. | It wilt have, also, some bearing upon the prospects | of the administration, its policy, and its success. The Weshington wire-workers comprehend these things, and the comparative silence of the organs | betrays @ suspicious caution, or e sort of miagiving that it is best to let the thing alone for the present. After all, there seems to be authentic advices that the Georgia Convention will assem)le: | the Nashville Convention will also assemble ; and while we epprehend nothing like revolt or seces- iy thing of that scrt, it is quite possible t some ultra Southern organization will be initiated, which will de feat the prospect of national condidates for the Presidency, and throw the seve- val aspiring Northern geatleman upon the chances of » serub race for the White House. We were amused = with the statement of a distinguished whig gentleman of the movements in the Senate the several candidates for the Presidency in that body. Said he :— Now, there is General Case was not present of the Southern w ts to the Slave Trade bill—secidentally a pet but probably deoause a vote upon the: ould com: oue way or the other—while upon the naked bia Dill fteelf he was on band. because that was all right, asa matter of compromise, you know And upon all the bills voting away the public lands to internal improvements, old soldiers, and other western projects, you find Mesers, 0 Houston, | King, Clay, Benton, Dougles, and Seward, always read On Walker's amendment 16 give away the wh le of the pubiic domain to the Inud reformers, Clay and ¥enton ent and ran; Foote cid not want his friend committed. but Seward seised the opportunity ech. All this was for the 0 ney. endif | jot let the ent out of the bag by the de- would have been more dodging he statement of ea oldwhig. iteom- porees all sides of the question, and has, at least, | the merit of makipg no inv.dious discrimination between friends ana enemies. | We think it quite evident that there is a strong | game ploying vpon the public lands forthe Western Disney, Ewing, and others, took part. The bill wae fiaally takea out of commitiee and passed; yeas 123, nays 35. | The Houee then adjourned. The horde of politicians and speculators now here, is very great. A vast number from al! parts of the Union, but the greater portion from New York. The lob! ing going on with (he members | of both houses of Congress is vehement. Taose who win may laugh. Corcoren, the Barings & Co., got their bill rela- tive to the Mexiean Jndemuity, through the House to-day, ** just as easy as rolling off a log.” They may laugh, and put money ia their purse, They are good fellows, snd wealthy, and have a right, and cen efford to laugh. ‘God bless the rich! | The poorcen an The Survivors of the Wasp. Crunton, Hinds Co., Mise , Sept 5, 1850, Looking over your Weekly Herald, soie days ago, at the boure of # neighbor, [ feli upon an article on the subject of the death ef the late Commodore Javob Jones, in which the writer commits a mistake tn his account of the survivors of the officers of the Wasp. lle says the only surviving officers are Oxpt. Gauntt, Mr. Cheney. and Surgeon Harris. Dr. Walter W. Now is still living in this county, engaged im plant. ing The Doctor entered the navy in 1812, and was Assistant Surgeon on board the Wasp during t! action with the Frolic, Ile continued in the serv Ui)l 1824, when he resigned. having served in tl various stations of Surgeon of a ship, H Fleet Surgeoa. He was twice taken pri i be gratitying to his numerous friends and relatives im Virginia, Kentucky, and elsowhere, to learn throagh your paper, that be is living, and in the enjoymont of excellent health, and at the age of sixty years The Wright Monument at Weybridge, Vt, GENERAL WOOL'S ADDRES LEL\ON OF THE MONUMEN From the Midclebury Keister, Sept. 2.) On Tuesday last, according to previous aunounee- ment, aperopune observances were had ia honor of the completion of the monument (o Silas Wrig —erected ut Weybridge. Several hours previo: to the time appointed, a crowd begin to coll sround the site of the monur.eat, end by 3 o’e! P.M, hed swelled to @ vast multitude of from 4,600 to 6,000 people, frem various parts of this State, New Yo k, and elsewhere. + ‘The monument stands on elevated ground, not fur from the village eburch, and the burial place of the relatives of Mr. Wright. The main shaft is 50 feet in height, resting on three other blocky, making in all upwaids of 40 feet. In ibe tosia bloek, just below its connection with the main shaft, is a ine dullion bust of Wright, handsomely by E. D. Palmer, Esq., of Alb The whole ia suitably enclosed by an iron fence, end the entire eflect is truly grand and imposing. After prayer by President Labaree, of Middle+ bury College, aud afew introductory remarks by ex Governor Siade, an address was delivered oa the eceasion by Major General Wool, of Buena Vista celebrity, who had been invited to perform the ceremony of consecrating this noble structure. We need hardly say that he’ was listened to with profound interest and attention by the assembled multitude, and was greeted with prolonged ap- plause. The following is the substance of the Ge- neral’s speech :— Fellow Citizens—I{t isa custom universal amongst all nations, when a great man dies, to do somethiag to honor his memory and to instruct posterity on his virtues. In such cases s of the histo- rian have never been sufficient to satisfy the com- mendesires. Hence monuments, in u!l ages, have been erected to the memories of heroes, statesmen, patriots, ond others, who have performed great ac- tions or rendered great services to their couatry. io thus transmitting to posterity the names and deeds 01 the illustrious dead, it is only yielding to the inherent pecans ofa commen nature, dis- played alike in the rude tamulus of the barbarian, und in the grave yards, cemeteries, end classic monuments of modern ages. This propeasity ought not to be discouraged or neglected; for the sorrows of living fiends and relatives are coothed by such posthumous honors, aud the emuletion of geoera- tions yet unborn will be elicited, to rival the great deeds which are thus commemorated. 1am here to perform a part ia offering @ tribute of respect to the memory of & great aud good man, Silas right, who was distinguished in the coun: cals of the United States. His rise und progress in life indicate, in @ striking manner, the peculiar ad- vantages of American institutions. F He wes born in the State of Massachuse educated at Middlebury College. His mind was received its first training in early developed, and this town, Weybridge, and it was the good fortune of New York especially, but also of the whole Union, to enjoy the fruits of its bec He real high’ stations by the unsupported force of his own merit and talents. ‘The son of a farmer of humble means, with no train of family connexions or wealthy friends to aid or assist him—with no historical associations clustering around the names of his ancestry, he placed himself in a remote part of the State of New York, and there, as a lawyer, “pursued the noiseless far his way,” until the ly ple, with much unanimity, culled him into public Life as the true representative of their feel- ings and interests ; first as a legislor of the State, Vote for Presidency, and eiso ter the vote of i the numerous bills which | et pasa, foting away the pu domain by millions upon | milhons of acres ;.and that it enly requires a vil- | og the platform of | giving ewey the entire public ¢ ody, | to minke it the ruling element in the next tialelection. And the thing, we expect, will be | Wasmsotox, Sept. 17, 1350. Movemint—Re-organization of the Navy. ir. Stanton, of Tennessee, chairman on naval affairs in the Hovse, will, we expect, introduce | to-morfow, avery important scheme for the re-or- gitivation of the movements of the ships of our navy—the plon bei w, and calculated | mt the navy into the efficient system for | aportant uinees Mr. Stanton has just made a speech, to modern. | ize and popul larize the navy, which it so much stends in need of. Mr. Stanton proposes to merge the sqaadrons in the Mediterranean, Coast of Africa, the Brazils, | sod the Home squadrons into one squadron, to be | called the squadron of the Atlantic. And to unite | the squadrons in the East Indies and the Pacitic inte one rquadron, also to be called the squadron ofthe Pacitic That a ship of war shall seil from the United States every three or four weeks, ran down the coast of Europe, the northern shores of the Medi- Teneen, and return to the Atlantic by its southera vost, then down the coast of Africa to the Cape of ed Hope, from thenee across to South America, ig the coast of Brazil, and through the West lodies home. his cruise would require about one vear The ships from San Franciseo, in the Pacific, would seil (hrough the islands of the South Seas, East Indies, China, and Japan, and return again to Celitotnia, which is to be their headquarters. This would break 7 the old custom of lying and rotting, and dying, in foreign ports, would keep the navy | active, and reduce the expenses one third r It would dispense with our naval depot Cape de Verde letunda; at Macoa in Chin the Sandwich Islands, and would bring inte the waters of the United States every year We hail this movement as the harbinger of bet- ter things for the country and for the navy, und are pleased to see that the movement comes from the “ Young West.” Wasnixetox, Sept Hordes of Poltwians—The Merican Se, He. A bill, making provision for the third instalment of the indemnity to Mexico, through Barings & Co , 18, 185). Indemaity | to his character that never | end of the Unto | bearts. then as Comptrolier—as a member of the House o! Representatives ee Senator of the United States, and lastly, a8 Governor of his adopted State. _As menager of the finances of New York, he displayed great ability. At tne head of the State government his firmness was often put to the test, but he never faltered. A_ philanthropist in feeling, he executed the laws with impartial and inexorable woop and restrained the impu w ses of merey only luty demanded the saerifice. In every sta- » Whether public or private, he maintamed an incorruptible integrity and an unternished reputa- lion. As a statesman he wi nd, true to his pria- , ever above the tricks of ciples, ‘Deeauan P party. ing to the democratic party—durin: the tamiaistretion of Andrew ‘Teckoose he acted : Prominent and distinguished part; and in the suc ceeding administration, if he was its chief ad- Viser, he certainly exerted over it an important in fluence. In the Senate of the United States he Wax often called upon to ce iwih the mester spirits Of the age. In these exhibited reasoning powers of the highest order, aad his ekill in debate was conceded to be unrivalled. In the west violent wre powet Sey sltife, he preserved his equanimity and temper. He never was roused into anger, or betrayed into asperity of language Lowe ver great the provocation he newer retorted by personalities. le was bold and energetic, yet courteous and conciliating, and no less tolerant than just to his opponents, whilst the latter, however much oppored or wearied in ¢ *, always lise tened to him with pleasure. He left po eting in the memories of those with whom he contended, and in this monument you have the evidence cf the esteem with which he was regarded by his adverseries as well as his friends, for eminent persons of all parties and of every shade of political opinion, have mingled offerings to erect it. Sides Wright was 4 man without ostentation or pretension, and always the sime whether in the ighest stations or in none. lie was ea aflection- ate ond devoted husband, and @ steadfast and « during friend. These quatitier, with his ansul! surity in all the relations of private lite, and with 1s mild, calm, and social demee gave achorm f command ad TMirevion, and to exert an influence over others which few see Discovering no taint of avarice, and never daz- vied by visions of exaggerated ambition, he lived contented with his Jot on his narrow farm, which he frequently wrought with his own hands. He refused the nomination for the Vice Presidency of the United States, whea his election was almost eure, end it required great persue: to induce him to accept the office of Governor of New York. But whatever his ambition might have been, I can say, as the immortal poet puts into the meuth of Anto- py, that * He was a frend, faithful and jast to me.” In common with the whole people, {honor the memory of the patriot and statesman, bat | grieve from the very depths of my heart for the lose y friend, but the fread of my country i”. Such as | have briefly sketched was the charac ter of the illustrious dead, Whose name and deeds we would commemorate. lt is a character whioa presents a model that the mature of age may con- template with profit. The young, it they would do honor to themselves and their country, will not only study it, but copy it for their guidance through lite. Isustrious indeed are those who can recount a life devoted to great and virtuous actions—a mir- ror re feoting light end virtue time to come. Fellow Cuizens—-The monu erected to the ne of Silas Wright hed. Ite structure bespenks the afleetionate and sincere feclings of ite founders. It is no lees an co to the ilastriows dead, then the offepring of noble and generous Tt will be ag @ healing balm to the stricken hearte of reiatives and friends, whilst it will call for the admiration, sympathy and gratitude, of every stranger who may pass this consecrated spot. Hon. Martin Vaan Buren was also present, and added his weim testimonial to the many virtues, ead to the moral and intellectual superiority of the ilustrions La 4 ee = fal his bosom frie years, and amo: pubic men with whom he had been asse public life, he had ever meta purer, a sounder, a truer, aod abler man than he? Wright, widew of the deceased, was among the number who thas came to do honor to the me- mory of the distingvished statesman, bess, with move fy @ stranger's interest, the ce- remonies of 0 ye 4 A vote of thantss was passed, by ungnimous and hearty eceiamation, to the orators of for their eleqaent and appropriate addreases, and to and granting to seid agents certain facilities, was taken wp and considered in committer of the whole. A long and earnest debate on it took place, in which Messrs. Vinton, James G. ling, Mr. Jewett for his and perseverance in curing the rection of this trfoare to the 5 ‘The multitade then nto and soon ® seered structore wes left standing quiet and alone in ite grande wr. THE TREATY WITH NICARAQUA, arena naar 24th of June last, takes and adds, * that the Ui . virtually Tecometaes the Mosq e uf [CONF iba base ) eon Ses muck a party as England herse! Letter tv slvn. H, &, Foote, . tain the t order of things in San Juan.” New York, Sept. 4, 1350. This letter wie exulting! eee Mr. one! To Hom. H. 8. Foote, Chuiravin of Committee om rit lean hable charac- ‘Foreign dtalatsona, "Cetled weak Semen or, tra COM ee ale oe eT sie pn rn with your request, aid that Vj believe, in the United States, and ready to the commitee of which’ you are the chairman, this statement. Advices by the schooners ** je send you herewith some observations on the altera- mora” end * Kawson,” which have reac! tions proposed British Minister, in the conven- | this port from San Juan, re ig ‘Batish tion negotiated by me, ag the representative of the | authorities as proceeding erection of a United States, with the repul of Nicaragua, now ; custom iouse and other permanent edifices, at that before the Senate, aad awaiting its action. point; proceedizgs sufliaently signifizant ‘of British | Thut convention was signed on the 3d of Sep- termher, 1849, eight months before the siguature, and nine months before the ratitication of the con- vention between the United States and Great Bri fait, in respeetto ic communication. It was also sent into the Senate, for its action, pre- viously to the signature of that convention. ltis now claimed by the British Minister, that the convention with N, shail be modilied to conform to the convention with Great Britain. Ad- suiting, for the instant, that there is a discrepaney between the two eonventions, it is submitted Ww! ther the coi of the United Stat Nicaragua, bene, setertor to those with Gre: tain, are not binding upon u: dated by any subsequent act! For, in point of in- ternational faw, Ricsraguh, though comparatively small and weak, is equal with Great Britain. But it is not admitted that there is any diserepan- cy between the two conventions, iu letier er spirit; and it is impertinence in the British Minister to ia- terfere in the matter of the ratification of the Niea- raguan treaty, unless he cam show clearly 1x wuar the comput consists, and this he has utterly failed to do. Anticle thirty-five, of the 4 treaty, is ia the following words, and it is understood that the yerts quoted are those to which Mr. Bulwer ob- intentions. This being the construction Con- vention referred to by Great Britain, what would be the consequence of the withdrawal of our - nitien of the territorial rights of Niceragua over it upon the the treaty, would not Great Britain say, and be Jjustitied in saying: “* Previous to the negotiation | of the treaty between as, you renoguized | the sovereiguty end property of Nu over the territory and port in question, but upon the conclusien of that treaty, and in cenformity w thit, you withdrew that recognition, thereby fully admitting our claims.” No mental! reserva- tions upon our part, no ex-parte “ understandings of the case,” can be plead against this unequivocal concession, if we are weak enough to yield it. If, as it appears, this is to be a treaty of constructions, to be reed backward or forward, as circumstances shall require, itis of vital importance, even if we secure nothing by it, that we shall do nothing to faver the British view, or to leave Nicaragua ina worse condition than we found her. Z Mr. Bulwer objects to that portion of the Nica- regua treaty which provides that the protection of the United States shall extend to the canal ‘so jects long as itremains under the control of citizens of * ARTICLE XXXv. the United States”’ The company already con- It is and has been stipulated by and between the tracting for building the cane!, 13 composed of nigh contracting parties :— line of the proposed canal? If any dispute shoul himaplion arian ents ahe Hae Bx he and intent of | {he found American citizens; and it is hardly to be panenes that Mr. Bulwer entertains the idea that the United ‘States and Great Britain, one or both, can interfere between that company and Nicaragua, or make it ey other than what it is, an American company. Besides, the protection continues so long as tae United States enjoys certain stipulated privileges, et the canul be in whatever hands it may. Mr. Bulwer furtber objects to that part of section three of this article, which authorizes the Presi- cent and Secretary of State of the United States to transfer the exi canal contract to any other company of American citizens, under certain restric- hens. Surely it is not to be supposed that the United States is to stipulate with Nicaragua for this peitilepe to be exercised in behalf of the citizens of apy other country. Nor does this provision con- fet in any way with the British treaty. That treaty provides, in article one, that neither party shall Geat with any Central American government for “any rights or advantages in regard {to com- meree or navigation through said canal, which shall not be ofiered on the same terms to the citi- zens or subjec's of the other.” . This refers only to rights of “commerce and navigation” through the cenal when finished, and in no way relates to the construction of that work. The United States, from position and circumstances, is most interested in the proposed canal. She is its natural protector; ands the first Americen nation, it is not to be disputed that she has tre right of vecedence in ist. That the citizens, vessels, and merchandise of the United State: mosh fue all the portsaad har- bors of Nicaragua, upon both oceans, a total exeinp- tion from all port charges, tonnage or anchorage du- ties, or any other similar charges now existing, or which may hereafter be established, in manner the same asif said ports had beendeclared free ports. And it is further stipulated that the right of way or t ansit across the territories of Nicaragua, by any route or upon any mode of communication at present existing, or which may hereafter be constructed, sh«il at ail times be open and free to the goverument and citizens of the United States, for ali lawful pur- pores Whatever; and no tolls, duties or charges of any kind shall be imposed upon the transit ia Whole or part, by such jes of comraunication, of ves- sels of war, or other property belonging to the go- vernment of the United Staies, or on public mails sent under the authority of the seme, or upon sons in its employ, nor upon c' ns of the United States, nor upon vessels belonging to them. And itis also stipulated that all lawful produce, manu- foctures, merchandise, or other property belonging to citizens ef the United States, passing from one ocean to the other, ither direction, for the pur- pose of exportation to foreign countries, shal! not be subject to any import or export duties whatever; or if cfilzens of the United States having introduced such produce, manufactures or merchandise, into the State of Nicaragua for sale or exchange shail, within three years thereafter, determine to export | anything relating to this essentially American the seme, they shall be entitled to drawback equal | work, Nor canvhe be accused of assuming more to four-fifths of the amount of duties paid upoa their ) than che is entitled to, in taking that precedence, importation. when it is tendered to her by the only nation which has the power to confer it. fuse this evidence of con! Nicaragua, noris her acceptance a legitimate cause of complaint on the part of any nation. : The fourth seetion of this article is especially ob- pexious to the British Minister, for if Great Intain insists upon her unfounded pretentions to the Mosquito shore, it places ber in an attitude of hos- nility to the whole world. France, Russia, Ger- many, every maritime nation, will be glad to accept the grand advanteges which we have secured to ourselves by entering into the sume obligauons. 1 violate no confidence m informing you that the Freneh minister in Central, America has already propoeed a treaty between Nicaragua and France, im terms precisely the same with our own. Eng- Jand cen nave no possible reason for objecting to this section, if by the late convention with the United States, she intended, or now intends to withdraw, her Mosquitan pretensions. And the fact that the British Minister is so nervously anx- sous that this section shall be modified, is only a ee that England does not intend to withdraw them. There is nothing in this section which in the Jaast conflicts with the convention with Great Britwin; and the suggestions and intimations of the British minister in respect to it, are, therefore, grosely impertinent. ©. Bulwer has submitted a substitute; a condescension for which the Ameri+ can people, if they were aware of it, woula, no coubt, manifest their gratitude in some unequivocal She has no right to re- 2d. And inesmuch as a contract was entered into deace on the part of on the twenty-seventh day of August, 1849, be- tween the republie of agua and a company of citizens of the United tes, styled the Ameri- can Atlantic and Pacitic Ship Canal Company, and in order to secure the construction and permanexce of the great work thereby contemplated, both high contracting parties do severally and jointly agree to protect and defend the ebove named company in the full end perfect enjoyment of said work, from ite inception to its completioa, and after its comple- tion, from any acts of invason, forfeiture, or vio- lence, from whatever wiring the same may pro- cced; and to give full efleet to the stipulations here mide, end to secure for the benetit of mankind the aterrupted adventeges of such communication from sea to sea, “the United States distinctly re- cognises the nights of sovereignty and property which the State of Nicaragua ‘ssesin and over the line of said canal,” and for the same reason Guarantees positively and efficaciously, the entire neutrality of the same, so long as it shall remain “under the control of citizens of the United States,” and so long as the United States shall en- joy the privileges secured to them in the preceed- ing section of this article. . But if by any contingency the above named American Athsntic and Pacifie Ship Canal Compa- ny shall fail to comply with the terms of their coa- treet with the State of Nicaragua, all the rights and privileges which said contract confers, “ shall accrue to any ceeeny of citizens of the United States” which shall, within one year after the offi- | Wey; Poppet od quite as unequivocally as did the cia n of failure, undertake to comply | Spanish people, under circumstances somewhat with its provision, so far as the same may at that | sinilar. ave said there is no conflict bei ween this section and the British convention; on the contrary, entire haimony exists between them. Article ‘one, of that treaty, provides that no poy cured to One country “which eh: ou the same terms to the other. ion, in strict’ conformity with stipulation, rovides that the advanteges which accrue to the United States and its citizens, under the terms of the treaty with Nicaragua, shall also accrue to aay and every other nation upon the same terms—terms to which no other nation beside Great Britain has objected, or will object. The truth is, this sec- ton drives England to the wall, and ker to choose whether she shall insist upon her pretended Mesquito protectorate, and incur the hostility of the world, on one hand, or abandon it, and accept equal privileges with the world, on the other. ‘This is the true and only reason for her objection, Sovever it_ may be covered up in plausible diplo matic Tras There is another strong point to be made against any modification of this section, As it stands, it lends a powerful support, ina legitimate way, to Niearegua. It enables her to treat with all nations on equal terms, and to refuse all concessions which might otherwise be demanded of her by force, or sought to be drawn from her by fraud. She com- prebends this fully, and the withdrawal of this to her weakness, would also be en act of faith” toward her, and caleulated to destroy our intivence emongst her people—pot to say to lead to a rejection of the pending convention upon her vert. : It does not appear, therefore, that there is any- poe | in the proposed treaty with Nicaragua which conthets withthe British convention; nor is there apy thing of whieh Great Britain has any just rea- son to cemplain. Nicaregua is an independent time Lo peng previded the company thus as- fuming Faid contrect shall firet present to the Presi- dent #nd Secretary of State of the United States, satisfactory assurances of their intention and abili- ty to coms ly with the same ; of which satisfactory assurances the signature of the Secretary of State and the seal of the Department shall be complete evidence ath. “And itis also agreed onthe part of the re- public of Nicaragua that none of the rights, privileges and immunities guaranteed, and the preceding articles, but especr} the first section of this article, conceded to ¢ nited States and its cisi- zens, shal) accrue to any other nation, or to its citi- wes, except such nation shall first enter into the Same treaty stipal «tions for the defence and protec- tion of the proposed great inter-oceanic canal, which have been entered into by the United States in terms the'same with those embraced in section 21 of this article.” ‘The reason of the objection to the recognition of the right of sovereigniy of Nicaragua, over the bine ot the peed canal, is obvions enough. Great Brituin ha no intention.of relinquishing her hold on the port of San Juan de Nicaragua, which is the only possible terminus on the Atlantic coast for a ship canal, or for any other line transit which pwy be estublished across the Nicaraguan Isthmus ‘There is not an intelligent man in the United States but knows that the rights of Nicaragua over this port and the territory known as the Slosquito shore, are indixputable; not one but knows that the pretended Brit.sh protectorate there is a fraud, and the so-called Mosquito kingdom a fiction. Yet the United States does not agree (as perhaps she oughi) to maintain the richts of Nicaragua ia the dispute between herand Great Britain; she simply leads her the moral force of her recognition of them Consistently with her duty, on general U cine goad and sovereign yl res i 2 | State, recognized as such beth by Great Britain sous ~ do lets in behalf of an outraged sister re po ine jnited ‘ates What nah, ) hay It is indeed a question, whether the United States | Would we : — oan ote net owe it to her own security, to interpnse | stitute stipalate that Great Britain and her’ allies generally, shall enjoy this, that the other privilege, un at We have no alhes, in the accepted eense of the word, and Great Britain # able to treat for herself. The State of peg is ready to treat with her on equable terme, but Nicaragua would have very good reason for objecting to her slipping into the enjoyment of ell the righis conceded to us, under the skirts of the United States, and thus avoid meeting the Mosquito question. 1 cannot clore these observations without ad- verting to the attempt of Mr. Bulwer to reflect dis- creda upon Nicaragua, and bring ber government and people into contempt. It would hardly seem pradent or politic in a man who appears as the ad- vocute and supporter of the national ‘dignity of a handful of yg pete the pe writen lan- e, Without lawe, without a printing press, a pa house, or a church, without even a distinct notion of Ged, without a social organization of any kind, without the institotion of marriage, in short, possessing not one attribute entitling them to a consideration Leyond that due to the higher order of brates ; nee and diseased to such an extent, that the ceighborirg Indian tribes make all iater- course with them punishable with death: I say, it berdly seems pradent or politic in a man who ap pears in this cepecity, to sneer at the mi: and depression of the Central American republics. it would be invere and istractive to show bow far Cogland and Britwh agents are ble for this state things in Central America. Bot 1 confine myself to a simple denial of the statements of Mr. Bulwer, in respect to Nica directly against British interference on the Mo» quito shore. The right of foreign powers to acquire Virtual territorial juredieon, wader color of sus- te‘ning the pretensions of savage Indian tribes to scvereignty, is one which cannot be admitted, and ought not to be allowed to pass into a precedent. In this instance, the squalid, leprous brood of mixed Indians and Negroes, called Moscos, or Mosquitos, never laid claim to sovereignty, except so far as - were instigated to do go by Jamaica traders and British agen: In concluding the terms of the Convention wit Nicaragua, the ~~ and privileges secured to the United States and its citizens, ead which are of the most liberal and sweeping character, were coner ded id in covsideration of the h the recognition of her terri- Nicaregua in her unequal con- test with Great Britain. same considerations influenced the concessions made in the contract with she Americen Atlantic and Pacific Ship Cane! Company, and which are infinitely more favoreble than any ‘viously made It would, therefore, be an act of bad faith toward Nicaragua to withdraw our recognition of her rights, an would justify her in declining to comply with the | obligations which she incured in view of it. Ido not say tuat she would proceed to thie extent ; but | haverd nothing in saying that such an act, upon our part, would greatly weaken, if not destroy our Pn c » friendly relations, and, } bad olmost seid, untimite inflseace amongst her people, and thoee of the neighboring States—with whom, looking both to the present and prospective interests of our couniry, it is of the first importance | '6U8. They ere falee, ta fect fs to Weintain the most inthuate relations. Her ter- | It true the yar a cane "an; Cathe te ritoriel integrity is, with Nicaragua, not only a | but four Sat he U; eed Durtes, the neceesity fer question of honor, but of vitality, of very existence | the intluence of the Eoummimel neler rf exiete. iteelf If the Apglo-Mosouit'an pretensions ave | &fthics ef five or six t ae . And the patriotic erament of Nicaragua looks hope fully ferward to the time when it shall be able to dispenee with even this stall force, and its drain on the public treasury, The people of Nicaragua, maintained, she is shorn of two-thirds of her terri- tory, end shut ofi forever from all communication with the Atlantic But this is not all tood at the It wae unc time ef the ratification of theconvention with great | DO i; j orca ‘norte ohae ond do: Britain, thet a surrender of the port of San Juan, webs om the sqeeurece of if not of all pretensions on the Moaquite shore, world follow in conseyrence. 1 will not say how fer the convention is capable of this coust ton; bot that such a construction was intended seems probable, and that it was put npon it by the pubhe at large, ia certain. Tt now appears that however well the British government end its agents were | © di-posed to allow such @ construction to be pot upon fi it previous to its ratification, yo | considet equivo- eaten po bey iT » and now totally dis claim it. Ti British Minister already assert that the convention referred to had no ¢ lation, an wae intended to have none, to the Mosyuito stion, ond that it in mo way invalr- p sve seta aside the existing order of things at the of San Juan. His levers to this effect uy. The confidence whieh the Unned States has inepired, cannot be better illustrated then by the fact that the land pat uader cultivation this yes xceeds, by more than one third, that of any previous year einee the indepead- ence. It is most true that the reveawes of Nicara- vali, for Great Britaia has sobbed her of 1 port, and soprorts ed her principal Itts troe that Nicatagea has less than hel a million of people, ai@ that che is com- peratively small and weak. Aod itis trae that Great britain bas very latte regard for gmail and week natione—line-of-pattle stops and Paix. en guns ave the standutds by whied she guages her ee She was, nevertheless, unbounded Tecpeet wa are & » bo} ith his four are Committee. Bat if this rere ee Te eel atlas” Cites ete not conelusive, have ite power to a “ally.” Mr Sheer a that the average price British Consul at San Juan, received there om the ft 8 Cablue: officer ia Sicatagya, is Gly pounds. bers ¢f the Nicaragua government, enables me to bear testi to their integrity, patriotism, and lip. Susrcupted by difficalti¢ey bullied aud ine sulted, threatened monthly with * severe a tiong,” (vide letters of Chattield,) with eri resources, and no hope for the fuiure, save in a, ia advisers, have led on with a patriotic devotion only excelled by that of ers of our own republic. History will do States, the names of those who coafqund diplomacy with in- trigue, and degrade statesmanship into ju; z fraud, shall be forgotten, or remembered to be scorned. I should be wanting in every sen- ee of bgp if 1 ere _ these imputa- jons upon the government of Nis ua LO pass without an unqualified denial of sheir ath Theve reason for believing, and the fact is proba- bly not unknown to some members of the Com- mittee, that, shortly arter his arrival in this coun- try, the British Minister made a preposition to the Department of State, to the etlect, in substance, if not in terms, that the United States, in junction. with England, should set aside the territori be of Nicaragua, and boldly appropriate to themselves the entire Nicaraguan isthmus. This pipettes shows the tenor and ultimate design of British ope~ rations in Central America during the last fifteen years. Discovered in her attempt to seize this isth- tus for herself, Eogland sought to make the Uni- ted States a party to a crime, surpassing in atrocit, the partition of Poland. The proposition, was dignendy rejected; but the insult which it con- veyed should have secured the disgrace of Mr. Bulwer, and his dismissal by our government. A proposition somewhat ‘similar, aud not one whit less criminal, was afterward made by the same furctionary ; although, since Lord Paimer- ston has determined to maintain “the existi order of things at San Juan,” it may be that the project has been abandoned. ‘his’ was he transfer of the port of San Juan to Costa Rica. Now, Costa Rica never pretended to claim his port; her northern boundary, as defined in her fundamental law, (which includes vastly more than she is entitled to,) does not, (8 nearest point, come within ten leagues of San Juan. Bat Costa Rica is an extension of Mosquito, and is, and has been for years essentially a British colony. The proposed transfer would, therefore, so far as England is concerned, amount precisely toa Pro- longation of the “existing order of things,” be sides making the United States a party to the ex- tinguishment of Nicaraguan rights, and deprivi her of any further ability to interfere against Briti encroachment. It would also entirely destroy the growing American influence in Central America, and leave anes h intrigue a fair field. The title of Nicaragua to San Juan is clear and indisputable, and neither Great Britain er the Uni- ted States has the right to interpose in any way te weekenit. And if Great Britain supposes for a moment that the United States can be made a party to a national felony like that which she has had the shamelessness to propose, she mistakes the character of our peeple. The fuet that she dares to make such proposals should only serve to gt us more strongly upon our guard against her faithlessness and unscrupulousness. ‘Forwarned, forearmed.”” ‘a But the questions which have been raised do not aflect Nicaragua alone. Ly the 2d section of Art. AXXAVI of the proposed treaty, the rovisions of that treaty ere extended to any confederation of republican States of which Nicaragua shall volu tarily become a part. And since + signature, Nicaragua has agr’ dor and Honduras upon # plau those States constitute a sing The new national represeptaticn 3 to the first of the present month. In: spec tory and population, the new confedera’ pnses something more than two-thirds o: republic; that is to say, a territory about equal to the New England and Middle States in extent, and a population of 1,200,000. The adoption of this treaty will, therefore, throw open to us ell the porta, and give us, now and forever, the markets of Cea- This country, apart from its poner 24 ee oe ee Samay be A must be to jifornia an iregon, gigantic American empire now growing up*on the Pacifi what the West Indies have Been to the Uni States. There our people on that coast must ob- tain their coflee, rice, cacao, sugar, in short, all the great staples und the fruits of the tropics. Within the past ra a large and lucrative in these arti- cles has been opened, and when I left Nicaragua, in June last, not less than fourieen American ves- py tae lentiag Reale} tot be ng Francisco. Is itt lom, circumstances, to eelky coe moment in placing our relations with Central America on the ee ae footing? And is it at all likely that we «| ontribute in secu- ring that footing by listening to British re, tions, deferring to British pretensions, or following British suggestions? I know, sir, what will be your patriotic answer, and that of the vast majority of the American pee ple. Craving your pardon for having trespassed so largely upon your time, I am sir, Your obedient servant, E. Gro. Squiaa. ‘The Fine Arts. No.5 —“The White Horse of Abd-el.kader,” by & Wenderotb — A +tudy of the hore, the tene of which, S35 nee © a better then the others by the same bs The Trio.” by Louis eT ey | armonious Py hy The lady's head somewhat awkwardly put forward The sohool te similar to > ‘ter's * Titian's Studio.” The itter © by F.B Churoh —A) se Set eat ee na in his other pictures, These 'srities ing her first step in what incopsistent with that of the i abe is not ee to be one of the Ravels. ai ts “4 gg rea, # Innocents, West int . tA ‘but rather too indistinet. in idiipa og No 35—* On the Delaware at Cochocton,”’ by 8. R. Gifford —The artist must excuse our smiling. [tise ve amuse! 3 hop 0. 44.—" Lunch,” by C. Mayr.—The flesh tints istent with the deep tone of sqround work Tho cone! The head is al very 5 Of the woman, en chemise. are turn of No. 48.~ “ Lake Scenery.” RW. Bal .—Anue- ‘There ts the pleture would look just a» well w No. 46." in Barbison,” snug little picture that one feels a tion to joo! m No. 40 — Bylvan Lake, Greenwood,” by R. GAY Pretty little sketeh, and ef « most ne No 60 —“ Williams’ Bridge-Sammer,” by R. poux —Nota very py Ulustration of the seasoa. poet “Ny i s dark, fe aig be at nts. But its + ye warmth througa ast relieved by some appearance of tate No. 78 —" Little Palis,” by W. R. Miller,—Skotoh. g¢0d— coloring bad No View near West Point,” by J, Vollmering. No 09 —“'The Young Student,” by Walter Libby — Hara, crude ond stiff Faprsion he from otudious, iid" The ne Teller,” by T. B. Resd ics eivtas ites Gea Sanat the subject hey are bent upon. The faces are very PiNoc 170." Palle of 8, Anthony.” by A. Hoemior — Ap aitempt to outrage nature —" View ot Church — An exem wal No ie Derneast by Ht. Grit. ten ure of mm should Sfonand sheten vuld say it was No, 222—“ The Vou ‘We are at a leas to know ie koone isiaid. The “stil lite’ in the boy's backet best feature in the pleture —Hydranta on the corners of streets are aeneraily someehat larger than thimbles. No. 262.“ The Grandiether's Guide,” by R, 8. Dam ting — The expressions of the faces are good, The repr ry and ground work bed No “The Contented Cobbler,” by R. Koblor ~ The detail very well painted, the Ts oe Keod, the tone pleasing The expression of cobbier'a fhoe dors wot convey the idea intended, He looks as- ‘hed rather then contented Thowgh he whistles ich precludes the possibility of» «mile stihl the eve way always be rendered more tarive of the feolln, “Still Life” by $ senteget Well dona, and eroeeding!y nat A meeting of the cititens of Philadelphia, with « view to (Le comr aida) ion of the several districts, one goverpine st, was held on the 16th inet, and be wah te to memoralite the Legisieture to ie ot