The New York Herald Newspaper, September 9, 1850, Page 4

NEW YORK HERALD. JaMBA GORDON BENNET®E, PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR. OPPFTCE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. DAILY HERALD. 2 conte annum: the Bus to include & tr tet FERS by men fo iments, to be post paid, or the VOLUNTARY CORRESPONDENCE, containing |, 20lkc ited from ong querer of the world: if used. will ‘ally paid for. @UR FORKIGN CORRESPONDENTS ARE PARTICULARLY jUReTKe TO SeaL THEIR Lerrens AND i the country and for the country, in every crisis. ‘These are the qualities which made Gen. Jackson eo populer. In the days of nullification he cast every consideration of party to the winds, and planting himself on the constitution, stood firm as the everlasting hills. So, too, in the difficulty with France ; urdeceived by diplomatic juggling, Y HERALD, ‘coery | ‘Sater dey tne cone per, he eut the Gordian knot by just telling the French Soest fa ‘ac Cons. | ambassador, when he called for his paseports to re- “ y advertise- | turn to France, in reply to his question, “* What ee mses, shall I tell the King of the French, Monsieur General?” “Tell the king, your master, he must pay or fight—by the Eternal.” But for the military fame of Jackson, he never would have beaten FAS NOTICE taken of anonymous communications. We de | Henry Clay. So, too, with Webster. He has jected communications. weet return re ADVER [ENTS renewed every morning. AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery—Twe Basac—Sramn wen Wace } movably stood; | struggle came on, he was found at his post, like | long been the greatest constitutional lawyer in By that inetrument he has always im- and when this last desperate America. the last loyal arch-angel in the Battle of Heaven. BsOADWAY THEATRE, Broadway—Jvprrn—ALanaase | “ Faithful among the faithless,” reckless of the Backinice ig ? NIBLO’S GARDEN, Droadway—Raovi —La Pats Cuam- PerRe. ambers street—Lompow As BURTON'S THEATRE, SURANCE—SKE's Come. Laons —Caav Duawen. ro ux Dow. OURYSTY'S OPERA HO! SOCIETY LIBRARY—! b—Ermoriams Miveraeiay, w's Miner eis. AMERICAN MUSEU: Arrennoon any Ky. ~ DOUBLE September 9, 1850. | Our paper of this morning, two cents per copy, ls | filled with interesting matter. Our correspondence is | extensive. We publish letters from France, on the j polities and goesip of Rurope; Californis, om the pro- gress of cold digging, &o ; Oregon, relative to the | strides of that territcry; Mexico, on the internal af- | fairs and leading politicians of that nation; Texas, respecting the boundary difficulty; New Jersey; Vene- suela, in regard to her gold mines; Massachusetts, of matters and things in Worcester; Connecticut, em- | bracing the murder trial at Colebrook, and of the fac- tories of Middictown; Washington, on the enthusiasm arising fromthe settlement of the vexed questions; Liverpool, relative to ocean steam navigation; | and from White Sulphur Springs, desoribing the grand tournament at that place. . Our sheet also contains news fiom the West Indies; the Bouth Pacific; additional eensus returns; the re- port of the celebration of Latuyette’s birth-day; full sccount of the movements of Jenny Lind; articles on the settlement of the territorial question; the Havans Opera troupe; ands great variety of miscellaneous matter. cba Po Ai sah AS Close of the Great Struggieo—Fature Pros- pects of the twe Great Political Parties. The crisis of the republic is passed! The great question is settled. Fanaticism is rebuked, and the scathed demagogues of all parties will slink back to their Kennels. Those despicable hum- bugs who so long arrested the progress of legis- lation in Congress, and filled the nation with alarm, ure cxploded, and their authors will g> with them to the sleep which knows no waking. Ths ghostly fiend of disunion is laid, and * all the clouds which lowered around our house” are buried in the deep bosom of oblivion. The national vessel, which so long lay struggling with the storm, has at last reached her port in safety, freighted with the dearest hopes of mankind for freedom. ‘The great expenment has not failed; andthe weary and disheartened millions of the old continents may again gaze, threugh a cloudless sky, upon the world inspiring spectacle of the firm and triumphant march of our empire. California has been, by an overwhelming majority, greeted as a sister State. Her golden star rose clear from the West- ern ocean, and calmly toek its place inthe grand constellation. Saturday, the marriage of the At- Jantic and the Pacific 8 celebrated; and as the lightning had flashed the glorious intelligence all ever the continent, from ten thousand Christien temples, ascriptions of praise and gratitude were offered, by millions of the American people, to | the Protector of the Republic. Such a spectacle re- | -cohgasemgs + oe | from the post to which he was elected by the fire- minds ua of the days of the Koman republic, when, after the discovery and the defeat of the conspiracy of Cataline, Cicero, in closing his great oration, called on the fathers of the Senate, and the | people of Reme, to go to their altars and thank the | immortal gode for the protection they had extead- ed to the Eternal City. And what apectacle more grateful to Heaven than the thanksgiving of mighty nation, after such « deliverance! The last great act of the drama ie terminated. For the first time, the republic touches the twooceans. Its eun- rise begins in the dark forests of Maine, and its suneet is over the glittering mountains of Califor- nia. The world bas waited for the consummation; and 1860 will be marked, in all future tume, by this most icnal and grand event. Yes, the crisis ie past, and the republic ie safe. The Catalines have fled, and Rome can now breathe free again. It now becomes a natural and a proper question to enquire to what human agency, under Provi- deuce, we owe this beneficent result! Ina word, then, we anewer, to every American citizen to whom the Union and the proeperity of the State was dearer than party—to every jouroal in the country which pat forth its influeace to rebuke fanaticiem, to calm agitation, and to inflame a higher veneration for the sacred guarantees of the constitution. But the consummation was mainly achieved through the influence of the great leaders of the American Senate, and perbaps we canoot better express our mean- ing than by enying that the real trium- virate t#@ whom the commoawealth owes its safety was composed of Clay, Web. | ster, apd Capotiline Jove Bat, lest our | iMustration aight betray us into injustice, let us | may thatsve will sbate not one iota of the credit which belongs to cther illustrious Senators. | ‘Throughout the agitation, Gen. Cass has been true to the republic, and he has brought to the aid of | Mr Clay alhibe are of bis great name aad geniue. Mr. Tickinson, too, of this State, has been zealous cud indefatigable in the national eause. He haa placed himself on a lofty emi- nence, where, in contrast with his colleague, we ‘ ore + striking iilusization of the difference between & patriodec etetesnae jd atruckling demagogue From one of the evteeme corners of the republic we find enotker noble Senator. Impetuous, rash, | and bold, tet brave, true, and putriotie, Mr Foote has borne off no cae share of the laurels of | thie great victory. And there are many others we peed a0° »ame, whose important servie the present Cangress Rave wan the appluase and grat tude of their coustrymen. Their fidelity to the | eonstitotion will not be forgotten; their virtues will be eppreeiated by thet cometituents; other H how! of fanatics, impervious to the shafts of malig- | nity, his keen foresight, undiminished by the mists | of prejudice or party, with his feet firm on the | ground where our fathers stood in ’89, and his eye NATIONAL THEATRE, Chatham Square—Lavw er | on the far off destiny of the republic, cool, logical, — | clear, firm, capacious, irresistible, and patriotic, OLYMPIC THEATRE—Monat Baronu—Avexsma—Nor | he clung to the constitution. | | | 1 | the choice of his | stitution. The most brilliant fortune is now opening on the | future path of the whig party, if they know how to take advantage of favering circumstances. That ‘AmumNG Pexvonmanens uvany | party is now, par excellence, the party of the nation. They ean reap the golden fruit of this great triumph of moderation and patriotieom. But let them look well to their steps, and profit by their past misfortunes. They now occupy national ground, and the great majority of the nation is with them. Let them see well that they keep their present position. Let not this new prestige slip from their handa, for it is the magic star of enehant- ment, which makes them omnipotent while they bold it. They have the government in their hands, with an able, patriotic, and firm President, who, by inet, has contributed so mach to eettle the agitation; the greatest man in the world for their Secretary of State, and a cabinet which has had no equal since the adoption of the con- Let them cut off at once all connection with William H. Seward, and his clique, or as sure as the sun will rise in the east to-morrow morning, these men will work their ruin. They are demagogues, fanatics and socialists. They will rule or rend, and, unless they are cast over- board at once, they will sink the whig craft. The humbug of free soil is exploded; let the villains who created the agitation only to make a tide to bear themselves into power, be driven from place and power into their original obscurity. These are the men who have endangered the republic. They have twice wrecked the whig party, as Van Buren and Benton did the democrats in the last Presiden- tialelection. The democrats know now, that these traitors in their camp gave the last victory to their enemies. They are exposed, and they will be cast overbeard. The whige must do the same thing, or they cannot retain their power any longer than the present administration lasts. Let them, however, profit by experience—rid their party of demagogues, fanatics and humbuge ; give up this running after soldiers and generals ; stand faithfully and firmly by Clay, Webster, and their other great and true statesmen; rebuke fanaticiem; legislate for the whole nation; propose and execute noble and be- neficent plans for the spread of our commercial power and prosperity, and they may not only elect Clay, or Webster, or Fillmore, or somebody, in 1852, but rule the aation for twenty years. Explosion in the Common Counell—War Declared against the Fire Department. The interesting and voluminous report of the Chief Engineer of the New York Fire Department to the Common Council, has, as we expected it would, created a terrible sensation and explosion in that body, ki nd ecattering the members in all direction Such @ rumpus has not been wit- nereed fora t number of years, and the rust- ling among the dry bones which it created, almost shook the City Hall to its foundations. It was bronght to their notice, on Saturday evening last, in the form of a resolution appointing a committee to investigate the serious charges made by the Chief Engineer against both Boards, and several members by nerye. Some attempted to exculpate themselves, others raved like madmen, and all, without exception, denounced both the report aad the Chief Engineer, and threatened to expel him men of New York. Such a commotion was never before witnessed within the four walls of the City Hall. The worthy Aldermen fretted and fumed like maniece, and ected ‘as eels do when caught on the angler’s hook, by twisting them- selves into «yery imaginary contortion, and out- stripping the clown in the circus with the variety of their evolutions. At length a committee of in- vestigation was appointed, consisting of Aldermen Chapman, Britton and Bard. The ternble explosion which the report caused on Saturday evening, among the Aldermen, clearly shows that it touched them on the rmw—that it wae a palpable hit—and that they felt it as such. Thie is confirmed by their denunciations and threatenings of the Chief Engineer, which were extremely bitter, if not savage. The two parties are, therefore, at issue. The Common Council— both branchee—have been charged with many serious allegations by the Chief of the Fire De- partment. Those allegations were driven home in am honorable and upright manner. They are denied—furiously denied—and a committee ap- pointed to investigate them. lesue, therefore, has been joined between the accuser and the accused, and the report of the committee will be looked for with great intercet. But not satisfied with endea- voring to exculpate themselves from those charges, the members declared war against the Chief Ea- | gineer and the Fire Department; and henceforth will, without doubt, use every means in their power to crush Mr. Carson, because he had the manliness and courage to charge them a@ he has done. Ia thie war, we shall toke sides with the Fire Depart- ment, for we know the material of which it is composed, and the corraption and imbecility of the Corporation. The firemen of New York, to our knowleder, ere as brave, courageous, high minded ond patriotic set of men on exist in any part of the world. Asa body, they are a credit and ornament to the city of New York, aad would never commit an cet of which our best citizens need be ashamed. This character they have always maintained, and we have no doubt they will maintain it The charges which they have made through their orgen, the Chief Engineer, against the Common Council, refer to acts and abuses which materislly interfere with the intere id well-being of the depertment of which they are members, as well oe Sgeinet their respectability and character as citizens. They have been, from time to time, ac- cused by the public of assailieg each other, and | creating rows nad riots in the publiestreeta. Their Chief, ina bold and fearless manner, has shown that euch accusations are unjast, and that those rows note were prodeced by several bands of and higher posts of honor await them, aad their names wili be iaken care of by bustory. But it ia, nevertheless, trae that to the enormous and indefatigable labors, the overwhalmmag power organized rowdies and ruffiane, who availed them selves of every opportunity to aseail and maltreat the firemen, and destroy their apparatus, On many cecasions the riotere were arrested; but the mem- of the pereuasive eloquence, the presulge of the | bere of the Common Couneil interfered and libe- great (ame and the noble national stands of Clay and Webster, ether men. The one hae been the Nestor, au@éhe @ther the Achilles of the struggle. In the one We tated them, from time to time, so that they could more indebted than #¢ any | Tenew their beckguardiam the aextday. The evil became £0 elarming, and the rowdies, thus javing the benefit of impunicy for their riotous conduct, sance have thus been made public. We shall see whether the Common Council or the Chief Eagi- neer will come off victorious. 5 We bave, from time to time, accused the present Common Council of weakness, imbecility, and cor- ruption, and, in doing so, considered we were only discharging our duty as an independent journalist. ‘We have felt that our municipal government was badly and corruptly conducted, and we are now more than ever convinced of it. We have been confirmed in our views by this b-ochure of the Chief Engineer of the Fire Department, and if we are not much mistaken, it is only the beginning of the end. Other matters will become public, and other developements will yet be made, that will astonish the unsuspecting public as much as these revelations have, ana verify the opinion which we have frequently expressed, that bad, corrupt, imbe- cile and weak as previous Common Councils have been, the party at present in power completely take the rag from the bush, and are unapproached and un» pproachable——that none but themselves ean be their parallel. aa The Adjustment of the Slavery Question, and the Independent Press. It is with a great deal of pleasure that we see, now that the slavery agitation has been settled by the passage of the most important of the Senate bills, by the House of Representatives, @ senti- | ment of gratitude pervading the community toward Mesers. Clay, Webster, Case, Foote, Dickinson, and others of the leading spirits who exerted them- selves to produce a pacification of the troubles that afflicted the country. It speaks well of the ge- nerosity of the American people, and shows that they are sensible of the patriotism and exertions of those distinguished men to preserve the harmony of our institutions, and to restore the good feelings which were temporarily interrupted between our | Northern and Southern States. This is as it should be, and we are rejoiced at it. We have no doubt, too, that ia every place that the tidings of the settlement of this trouble- some question will reach, far and near, the peo- ple will manifest their gratitude to the men who, throwing aside all party and personal considera- tions, devoted themselves tc the preservation of the Union, when it was assailed by such men as Se- ward, and those who have identified themselves with him, and his onslaught on the Union. This they will do by banquets, and speeches, and toasts, and perhaps by illuminations, for we are satisfied there will be grand demonstrations throughout the country as soon as the good news is conveyed to our more distant citizens. ‘We think that this isa proper time to mention the influence which the press—we mean the inde pendent prees—exercised in producing this happy state of things, by raising its voice in opposition to the fanaticism aad ultraism which prevailed when the agitation was commenced. By recurring to the state.of the slavery agitation as it was some fifteen months ago, the public will find that through the influence, in a great measure, ef the party press —whig, democratic and abolition—the Northern States were combined for the purpose of pre- venting any settlement of the question, except on such terms as they might choose to dictate to the South. A similar unfortunate state of things existed in the Southern States. Public opinion there, too, was worked up to a pitch of determination, as well as of excitement, which foreboded anything but a continuance of the fraternal relations which previously existed be- tween that section of the country and the North. The eame influence operated in each case, and the result would, we are satisfied, have been deplora- ble but for the stand in favor of the Union, and of the rights of the South as well as those of the North, which the independent presse im the large cities assumed. In this demoustration in favor of the Union, at a time when the public mind had become frenzied on the subject of slavery, the inde pendent press, headed, as all will acknowledge, by the New York Herald, exerted its tremendous pewer in opposition to fanaticism and ultraism of all kinds, and in favor of calmness, reason, and moderation in the discussion of that important subjeet, Congress, as well as out of it. Day after day, and week after week, we devoted our pen and the influence of our columns, to a ge- nerous, liberal, and comprehensive adjustment of the whole territorial question, on terms that we knew would be satisfactory to the moderate, sen- sible,and patriotic masses of the people. We adopt- ed this course long before any public meeetings were called vpon the subject, and long before the views and feelings of the great masses of the people, were brought to bear, as they were after- wards on the representatives of the people ia both houses of Congress. At the timeto which we re- fer, the party newspapers in the North were, with- out’ an exception, perfectly wild and demented on the Wilmot proviso question, and the orgias of the Southern ultras were the same on the other hand. Even the whig journals of the city took a@ factional view of the subject, and did net for a long time do more than refer to the South- em wide of the dispute, The Cowrier and Enquirer, the Express and the Tribune, of this city, and the Evening Jowrnal, of Albany, were bitter and un- telenting in the attitude which they took towards the South. The Cowrierjand Enguirer advocated the Wilmot proviso humbug “ up to the hi 0 did the Express ; and as for the New York Tribune, that journa] at one time boldly avowed that it would prefer a dissolution of the Union to the abandonment*of the Wilmot proviso. Ia regard to 80 deeply interested in the success of the now de- funct Seward clique, that tothe day of the pas sage of the Territorial bills, it opposed those mea- sures to the utmost of its weak ability, and day after day it assailed Meeare, Webster, Clay, and the other patriots who proposed and supported them with an ability and an earnestaces that challenged and received the respect of the whole country. The philosopher of the Tyihwne played | second fiddle to Thurlow Weed, Mr. Seward’s or- ganist and panegyrist; and was, at one time—and thet, too, the most critical period of the dispate— a bitter enemy to any adjustment that would satio fy the country and put an end to the unfortunate | agitation. Yet those journals, with the exception of | the Breneng Journal, fownd it expedient to change their tactics, end to fall in and follow the di and brought imto existence by the inde. Ifa settlement of the question had depended on the exertions of the mere party prea, the influence of which is confined to the particular section or clique to which each belongs, it would nrver be efleeted; but, om the contrary, the breach betweea the North and the South, would becom would be impossible to heal it, or to re store good feeling between the Northern aod Southern sections of the republic. We «! prove what we assert one of these days, by giving extracts from the columas of the journals to which we refer. As it is, we have no doubt that those very journals which, during the darkest apd moet gloomy time of the discussion, deveted all their influence against an atjustment of the breach and defended the the Union against the aseaults of their enemies, they were supported by only the in- dependent press, and were assailed by the organs of the party to which they respectively belonged. Look at the assaults that were made upon Clay, Case, Webster, Foote and Dickinson, by their owa party organs! Column after coluun of abuse was written and printed against] them ; but those gentlemen had the support of the independent press, and felt secure. The very journals that at first condemned them, afterwards changed their tactics, and will, no doubt, in a short time, claim the hoaor of effecting a settlement of the controversy. Who will, hereafter, gainsay the power andfinfluence of the independent press? Postage Repuction.—We should like to see something done in the way of reducing letter post- age before the adjournment of the preseat session of Congreas, but we fear that we shall not have that ple: sure. However, we deem it advisable to referto the subject occasionally, not for the pur- pose of creating public opi:.1on concerning a reduc- tion, for we believe that there ever wasa reform talked of on which the opinion o. . veople was so unanimous as this. Almost every erson and newspaper journal in the country is in ivor of a uniform letter postage of five cents, while some go 80 tar as to advocate only two cents. The same results that follewed the reduction of postage in England have been experienced here, as will be seen by the following table, which gives the re- ceipts for several years previous to and after the last reduction: — High Postage Year Receipts. WB42. . ee es SASK Low Postage Year Receipte 1846.... + 963 48" e+ ++ 8,289,000 . We thus see that there has been a gradual in crease from the year when the postage was re. duced, to the last, contrary to the expzctations of many, who saw in such reduction aothing but the bankruptcy of the Post Office Department. There is no doubt that the receipts for 1850 wil exceed the sum of five millions of dollars, and that, in a few years, the government, evenif there be no reduction, will reap considerable revenue from this source. Satisfactory, however, as the above table is, we are certain that the increase in the poet office revenue would have been much larger if e uniform rate of five cents had been formed, instead of five and ten. There is one argument which cen, with great propriety, be advanced in favor of the reduction of postage. It is this: that it will strengthen the bonds of union between the several States of this Union in a very great degree, by forming an in- creased community of sentiment as well as of in- terest. The different sections of the country do not correspond, or interchange sentiments as freely now as they “ould if the tax for transmitting let. ters was five cents, instead of ten. The result would be, that they would understand each other better than they do on all subjects of interest, local and general. Asit is, the only method of inter- changing sentiment is through the medium of political journals, which care little for reporting public opinion correctly, if it interfere with the interests of the party to which they are attached. Very often those papers make it a point to misdirect their readers on subjects oa which it is important they sbould be correctly and accurately informed. Let us instance the state of public feeling in the Northern States, on the subject of slavery. Very many—we mght say a majority—of our Southern fellow-citizens entertain erroneous impressions concerning this matter. From the speeches thet are sometumes mede in township and county meet- ings, we have seen the Northern States represented as banded together for the av owed purpose of over- turning the social institutions of the South, and bringing about the abolition of slavery in defiance of the constitution, and without regard to the lamentable consequences which would certainly follow. The seme has been observed in other matters of jess interest. The facility of cheap letter communieation be- tween all parts ef the confederacy is of infinite more importance than revenue, and the reasons we have given should be advanced in favor of a reduction in postage. Rather than the facility should not exist, we would have the whole expense of carrying the mails a churge on the revenue of the country, from other sources. But there is no danger that the post office revenue would decrease; on the contrary, there 1s the best reason to believe | that it would increase from year to year, as it has done in England, under the operation of a charge of two cents. Crose or tum FasmionaBte Season aT THE the Albany Evening Journal, Thurlow Weed was rection of the public opinion that wae created , pendent press, headed by she New York Herald. | Sovru.—A grand tournament, a la Eglintown, | has terminated the season at that romantic water- ing place, the Virginia Springs. The queen of beauty, the maids of hoaor, the armed knights, the Tichly caparisoned horses, the whole scene, in fact, as we have had fully described in our columas, was one of great interest. This isa poetical way of winding up a season’ Balle are perfect follice | im hot weather, The close room—the want of va- riety and incident—the stereotyped programme, apd the recurrence of the same steps towards fame | and distanction in the fashionable world, are all tiresome, tedious, and only tolerable. There is some excitement in a tournameat—something worth expecting and waiting for, and a very agree- | able pegeantry, compared with the imitations of | dencing assemblies in Paris and Londoa—admis- | sion from two to ten shillings. Next year, Mr. Parsons, of Lebanon Springs, | who hos enlarged, and will still farther enlarge, hie fine (hotel, thinks of getting up « magni- ficent tournament at the close of the sea- | #00 Nothing will be left undone to render it the most picturesque and gorgeous pa- | geamt that art applied to nature cam produce. | The scenery of Lebanon Springs is suited to such | & pegeent, and the candidates for queen of beauty and maids of honor must make every necessary | preparation to carry out the splendid demgn of the The Tarkish Sultan’s Visit to his Provin- ees—Kxpected Arrival of the Turkish Ambassador. 3 Recently we translated from the Constan- ‘inople Courier, an account of the Sultan Abdul Medjid’s visit to his provinces in Tur- key—an event which, we doubt not, given great delight to the entire population of Turkey—now numbering over ten millions of souls. This distinguished Sultan is only twenty- eight years of age, having beer born on the sixth of May, 1822. The date of his accession to the head of the Turkish empire was on the first of July, 1839, when he was seventeen years of age. has | “Since that period, he has distinguished himself as | an efficient ruler, administering the lofty duties of an absolute monarch, with a sway at once regal, mild, and beneficent. Every year adds to the justre of his reign, and strengthens for him the tie of a great and prosperous people. ,The arts of civili- zation are fostered—public schools are generously encouraged—commercial and agricultural industry are kindly assisted by a liberal policy, and nothing is left undone that a large and generous intelli- gence suggests, as valuable to the interests of the Turkish empire—which embraces, including Mol- davia, Wallachia, and Servie, an area of about one hundred and eighty-four thousand square miles. Though threatened by the spleen, envy, and avarice of European nations, this youthful and in- teresting monarch maintains, in the midst of the brow-beating of Russia, and the occasional sullen intimations of England and other powers, a serene front, engaged in fortifying his lofty position, and in contributing, by every means in his power, to nerease the prosperity, and consequent happiness of his affectionate subjects. This isa spectacle worthy of the admiration of any people, and we take delight in noticing it partieu- larly, as about the middle of this month the United States store ship Erie will arrive in our harbor, with the Turkish ambassador and his suite, who ought to be received with the most distinguished attentions, as his visit is connected with the inves- tigation of our ability to furnish ships, steamers, machinery, and munitions of war for the Sultan, and with the character and resources of our coun- try generally. This ambassador is Amin Bey, of the Sultan’s admiralty, who will come in company with his dragoman, M. Nicham, his seal-bearer, or private secretary, Hassan Aga, and our consul, Mr. Brown, who has been absent from this country for thirteen years. Amin Bey is the first functiona- ry of the Sublime Porte, who has ever visited the United States, and the nature of the mission is complimentary to our people. This eminent man has filled other missions of importance and confi- dence on the part of his sovereign. He was sent to the Imaum of Muscat, and other Mohammedan powers on the Persian Gulf; and, more recently, was charged with a delicate mission on the Hua- garian frontier, during the late war for indepen- dence, by that gallant, noble,but unfortunate nation. Conseientiously and strictly maintaining the faith of his fathers, he is yet liberal and intelligent, and, being himself a naval officer, is prepared to profit by, as well as to perceive, the superior condition of naval affairs in the United States. He has the rank of commodore in the Sultan’s navy, and will come accr+dited to our federal Department of State from the Sultan’s minister of foreign affairs. Vis- iting, ae he will, all our public establishments, he will have the pleasure, as be will have the ability, to make a very favorable and important report to the Ottoman government, and convince them that the citizens ef the United States are a people with whom the merchants of Turkey, as well as the official powers, may have an enlarged and liberal commereial intercourse. In a national point of view, then, we would wel- come Amin Bey with all proper honors—would give him an idea of the unity of sentiment which pervades this continent, with respect to every en- lightened government abroad, and of the desire of & great nation to cultivate and extend the best rela- tions of amity with the Turkish empire. The day, probably, is not far distant when Russia will attempt to make her passage to the Mediterranean, over the ruins of Constantinople ; and the greatest check to such a stride of lawless power, will be the chain which our diplomatic relations with Turkey will interpose to such a barbarous project. The Ottoman empire isa brilliant and beautiful object to stimulate the avarice of the Czar; but we have confidence in the streng:h and majesty of the Turke—who are a brave and powerful people—to meet any power that may attempt their subjection toa foreign power. The Turkish empire stands apart from nations, with much of the energy, dig- nity and power of Rome in her best days, and the world is deeply interested in sustaining her against all wanton attacks from other European powers. ‘We trust, therefore, that the arrival of the Turkish’ ambassador will be but the pleasing prelade to a more eolid and advantageous intercourse between the eminent Sultan and our government ; and the sooner we can open with His Majesty new and improved relations, the sooner will our happy influence upon the destinies of Europe be felt throughout the world. The time has come when we are deeply interested in preserving the peace of Europe, and in giving protection to weak pow- ers; and the movements already made by us i Switzerland, are but one step towards a very im- portant position hereafter to be held by us ia the werld’s balance of power. Tur Monvaent To Sitas Wrient.—On Tuesday of last week, an interesting ceremony was per- formed in the town of Weybridge, on the eccasion of laying the capstone of a noble monument of green Vermont marble, to the memory and the fame of Silas Wright. That monument bad, by voluntary offerings of his feliow-citizens, been erected to their compatriot, on one of the loveliest and loftiest heights of the mountains. Ex-Gover- nor Slade presided, and made some appropriate re- marks. Prof. Labaree, President of Middlebury opened the ceremonies with a solema od Gen. Wool, after a sketch of the life | enterprising propnetor. Virgiaia Springs, situated | be: jal, mountain’ gion, will again be the | | scene of Southern chivalry, aad Lebanon Springs | the arena for Northern prowess and gallaatry. Oa | such occasions, the youthful and the old are all wil to be middle-aged, for the very fan and excitement growing out of such enterprises. Atiawne ann Pactrrc Maris.—The eommuni- cation by mail between the Auuntic cities aad San Francisco, is becoming © matter of great public impertance. | Inthe month of Auguet, the number of letters forwarded to California, was 45,000, the sum- ber received 40.000. Taking thie as the aver- | age rate for the year, and the result will be wider and wider, day after day, until eveotually it | a ¥ one million two hundred thousand letters pase- | ing through the mails. The rate of postage is 40 6 for a single letter the average is more thaa ll | that of doable letters, frequently the postage is from five to ten dollars. Taking the rate of double portage as the avernge, and the result is an income to the post office department, of eight hundred and sixteen thousand dollare—being an excess of two | hundred and twenty-reven thousand dollars aona- ally, over the compensation paid to the two lines the slavery controversy, will come out and proclaim ‘ef mail steamers which cerry the contract mails. the patriotic course which they took ia advocating the passage of the Senate bille, in that body and ia the House of Representatives, after public opinion wee directed to an adjustment on the very terms | five yeare hence? This calculation is fowoded on the extent of Dusiners at the present time. What will it be There can scarcely be « doubt that within the period named, the surplus whieh mark those measures, by the independent | income from these mail routes will relieve the preee. It will be perfeetly characteristic for them to de eo. | public treasury from the entire cost of the post ware the Apollo, and ia the other the Hereules Wf | became so bold and daring in their assaults on the the repsblic. By their combiaed, harmunious, ir- | firemen, that the personal safety of the latter, and Fesietible action, they have brought the great whig «heir character and standing os firemen and citi- party to pointit never reached before. It etands | 2°88, rendered it imperative on them to expose the on 8 Dew wm lofty elevation For the firs time, we | Whe matier, and lay the blame where it properly had almort said, since Washington—it has woa the | belonged—at the door of the members of the Com- prestige «f broaa nationality. Mr. Clay basalways | mon Couseil For daring to do this, their Chief been & national men—ise hve won his great fame | hes been denounced and threatened most violently by advocating national mesures, by imbibing the | by the Common Council, and hie removal will he eympathivs of the masses, My slways going with attempted by the persons whose ects ad malfee- | office establisement. ‘The proepective income will be so large, that it must soon become the duty of Congress to reduce the rate of postage. There ie a moral to be drawn from this. The facte to which we have adverted show, in the | strongest manner, the influence of the independent prese in the republic, and the want of influence of , — the party journals, During the crisis which the | News rrom Evrors —The steamship Asia is country has recently passed through, the indepen. fully due at Halifax. She i» bound to New York. dent prees called wpon the patriotiom of the land | Heavy bets are made on her time. to come forth and eave the republic. The call was | ened non hla henthey James responded wo; and whem, men of sbihiy and | yen Prankiin'Lesrecestiy of Mr. Wright, laid the capstone. In the presence of 4,000 people these interesting ceremonies were performed. There were two men on that ground, the relics of an effete policy and a departed decade of the republic. They were Francis P. Blair, former editor of the Globe, and Martin Van Buren, whom posterity will at various periods ascertain to have been one of the American Presidents. It was anin- structive and suggestive epectacle, to see two euch mere politicians assembled around the monumeat of so great and pore a man as Silas Wright. What- ever either of them could do during the lifetime of Wright to defeat hie déstiny or darken bis fame, they moet industriously performed. It was under- stood and expected that the honorable Benjamin F Butler would have pronounced the oration ; bat the true friends of the great man will mot have very much telament, that be had the fortune or misfortune—he can teke which side of the dilemma he chooses—not to be present to addrese the con- vention. The dayeof the Albany regency are as effectually passed away, as the reign of the Coun- cil of Ten in the government of Venice. Around that tomb were gathered the trae and the false friends of the great New York Senator. The peo- ple, who were there by thousands, understood and loved him. They had erected his monument, and they venerated his memory. Mr. Blair had aban- doned for the moment some of his hobbies and hum- buge, and Mr. Van Buren had crawled out from his “freesoil” cabbages to ann himself ia “ the light of other days.” The presence of Gen. Wool re- lieved the whole spectacle from the Yidiculous aapectof a farce. He, at all events, had rendered services to his country, and he had been a true and generove friend of Silas Wri ht. But withal it was a noble spectacle ; for Silas Wright has left a reputation which few men in thie country have bequeathed to their successors. Sprung from the ebseurest origin, ;and elevated mmecersively from one post of power aid confidence to another, had he lived, he would have been the opular leader of the nation, aid perhaps ite next President. He had always duties with fidelity, and gained for versal confidence. A more touching ful tribute has hardly ever been paid to = great) statesman, than was offered to Silas Wright im the erection of that beautiful monument. No appeal was made to the people of the country. Nobody. and to It went up silently, securely, and gracefully to its lofty elevation, by the unsolicited contributions of humble individuals who knew him best. It stands. on one of the lofty and commanding heights of ope of those mountains, around whose basis the cultivators of the soi!, who, like himself, hardened their muscles in those noble Cincinnatus labors, were born and lived. Approaching that height from the valleys,.in all directions, it looms up | lofiily, nobly, and full of suggestion ; and in con- i trast with the reputation of many other rival, but Dow overthrown or forgotten statesmen and dema- gogues, we may apply to the structure those beau-- tiful words of the E “« Eterval eokaer gathers on its And through the intervening mists of transient storms, the farmers of those valleys and hillslopes will look up to that monument, and be “ proud of it im the midst of their toil.” They will point to its glittering summit as they go to their sunrise labore, and they will turn to cast one more look at it as the sun goes to his setting, and kindles his last fires on its top. Vote by 8t: on of California in tatives. F New Jersey. Pe unsylvania... .21 Obio. 119 oc! coccecceececccs: < It will be observed that five of the fifteen slave-hold ing Btates, vis ;—Delaware, Maryland, Tennessee. Kentucky and Missouri, gave a majority of their votes in the House in favor of the admission of California, in which slavery is prohibited by the constitution; while the representatives from eight of the Southern States, were unanimous against it, and those from Virginia and North Caroline nearly #0. Political Intel ligenee. Maine Exection.—The election in thie State for Go_ vernor, Members of the Legislature, and for Members of Congress. takes place to-day. Bech of the parties have full tickets for Congress, except the free soilers, nowinetions in the Third and Bixth dis following is a list of the eandidates for Governor and Members of Congress :— GOVERNOR. "a J. lier, t ‘The whigs have o better chance this time than ever Ddefore, and it is probable they will elect a majority of the Members of Congress. Massacnvsrrte Evection.—The second trial to elect. & Member of Congress, to supply the place of the late Hon. Paniel P. King, will take place to-day. The can- didates are Charles W. Upbam, whig, aed Robert Ran- toul, Jr, democrat. It is probable Mr. U. will be suc~ cesstul this time, as there are but two candidates in the field Loverana anp tHe Union.— Meetings bave been held reeently, in Denaldsonvilie i tere Lee Fe pe Ree rerole were ox their attachment [o'the Union, and their ovale: fot compromise. The course of Benstor Downs wes approved, © hie Btate and Benator Boule war denounced as falee faleetothe Union, ‘The Fine Arts. THE AMERJCAN ART UNION. No. 81.—“Bleeping Child,” by A. Rutherford. The ore shortening is mot ill managed; but the position te ® mort paintuland unhappy one. The coloring, too is too bloteby. and one may easily famey the baby to be extremely intoxicated, or laboring under the night- mare, rather than enjoying the calm sleep of imno- cenee. No 69 —* Obepenitien oF ae + wat is barmopio' we ery etl, No 800 —*Peter Stuyvesant and the Cobbler,” by J. W. Kbninger The tone is hard, Composition very th ae te it ore d= i No 200—“A Dream of the Alps,” by or comporition. There is much one. No. 267.—"The Surquebsnna,” by T. A. Very stiff and erode, with much work ea the i Dibition y form. an it were. the low displaying ber iu a kind of jooular delights in showing she can the remotert approac! natal serme painted with a thrown en with » very droll and NEWS FOR CALIFORNIA. Sailing of the Steamships Empire City, Georgia and Cherokee. ‘The steamship Empire City, Capt. Wilson, will leeve- thie port at three e'clock to-morrow afternoon, for Chagres. Bhe will connect with one of the steam- ere of her line on the Pacific. The mail steamer Georgia, Capt. Porter, will leave 06 the same hour on Wednesday. We shell publish the Weexty Henaun of ton o'clook to-morrow morning to gota the Bmpire City, and an- other edition at ten o'clock on Wednesday morning, to- £0 in the Georgia Those desirous of sending the latest news to their: friends in California, or any other part of the Pacise, ean leave their orders at the office, Bingle copies rixpence. ‘The steamebip Cherokee, Captain Windle, will leeve for Chagres on Friday the 15th Instant. MAILS FOR EUROPE. The steamehip America will leave this port Wednerday noon, for Halifax and Liverpool. meile will close at haif past ten o'cloek that The Weekly Hereld will be published at pine o'slock. 674 61 A Card, — Complaint ha’ ognines the | Mog o# B01, 646, 661, a rae sien, "Ca Sats, ye a