The New York Herald Newspaper, September 9, 1850, Page 3

a ae Affairs on the Pacific Siepe of America. , ea CALIFORNIA CORRESPONDENCE. wnt DEFIANCE, on the “Twelve miles below the mouth of the Gil July 3, 1850 Emigrants—Dangerows Adventure—The Gila Ri_ ver—A Desert. ec. §e. Tustas Thad finished my last letter, there ap- peared on the opposite shore ‘* muncho hombres,” (many men). A glance showed them to be emi- grante, anda closer view through a glass proved them to be Mexicans. As soon as they detected that they were observed, they gave indications of a wish to be passed over. This was an under- taking for which we were jnot prepared ; but an anxiety to hear of the state of the road (for the In- dians had been telling us that the Gila was over- flowed, and that the emigration would be stopped for several weeks thereby,) overbalanced all other considerations. It was the work of less than an hour to take the body from one of our wagons, and pass over it the canvas top of the same, in such a way as to render the whole impenetrable to water, and launch it into the steam. A;ter having to i” about half a mils. to get ont of the prunes o! pete our camp, three men jumped otiee eet aotieg the opposite shore ; but to our horror and astonishment, it was soon seen that from. the clumsy character of the beat, (it being but about twice as long as it was broad,) and trom the factthatthe a to cross was made too near the influence of the rapids, when they got within the full force of the current the boat became com- plet under its influence, and was hurled dowa stream at a rapid rate. On, on it went, till withina few rods of where the danger was most imminent, when a divergeace in the course ot the current, aided by the strenuous exertivas of the boatinea, threw it into aneddy, andthey were saved. Thus, by the meregt accident, were the lives of three valuable men, heads of families, preserved from a sudden death. The ot of Mexicans proved to be from the city of Culiacan, in the State of Sinuloa, and within about 250 miles of Magellan. As is usual in these ue 8, There are a an Peperie tty ities number of peons. y caine by the rou not often travelled at this season of the year, via Alter. This is the most northera and western town in Sonora, and lies nearest the head of the Gulf, of any settlement in it. Beyond it, north- wardly to the Gila and westwardly to the Gulf, is an unbroken desert, never explored by the foot of a white man, and supposed to be almost wholly destitute of wood, water and grass. Within a few years hes been discovered a road that is passable im the rainy season, direct to the Gila, distant about 250 miles, and striking it about 2 deg. from its mouth. It is by this iar that our friends had travelled. They ‘say their animals had no grass from the time they lett Alter ull the time they struck the Gila; and thet for four days at a time they were without water. 12 MILES BELOW THE MOUTH OF tHe Gita, July 1, 1850. The Intercowrse with the Indians—Present Posi- tson—Preparations for Defence—Indians—In- sects—Fish—The River Gila, §c., &c. When I wrote you last week, our relations with the Indians were of an apparently friendly charac- ter. The next day, however, our interpreter took upon himself to lecture the old chief upon the outrages his tribe had committed against emigrants in times past, and to threaten him with the chas- tisements of the American government. This very unwise course at once excited his antipathies, and he departed in high dudgeon. The next day there was but very little trade, and but a very few Indians appeared at all around the camp. It so happened that just at this time we got into a general row with our men. These were mostly old soldiers and other worthless cnaracters, unpossible to con- trol, and we determined to discharge them, which we did, and they left the next day. From bap oa not necessary to explain, two my partners de- termined pd to leave at this time, and they went off with the men. This lett tne company, includ- ing three hired men, just seven strong. Oar posi- tion Was a very insecure one, and it was obvious that our lives were every moment in danger upon the separation of our company. It was at firet eee indispensable that we should relin- quish objects of our expedition altogether, and return to the settlements. But this was thou: too gut a sacrifice, and we finally determined to fall k to the first defensible point, fortify our- selves as well as we could, and hold on till, by the arrival ofemigrants, we could get the power to re- turn and take possession of the terry. So here we are. if there ever was a place where a small number of men could defend themseives against a greatl, spuetiee Indian force, this is one. {tisa tous bluff upon the margin of the river, two hundred feet high, and commands of the surrounding country for severa! » At its topmost point, is an open gpace of about forty feet square. This we have stockaded with a breast work of logs, and have mounted thereon our litle brass cannon, and which we are careful to discharge every evening—a display which, we already perceive, has a powertu! effet on the nerves of our recolored neighbors Directly at the base of the ron which our fort is situ- ated, the river takes « turn aud forms a complete elbow, so as to encircle us on two sides, and, yet more important, exactly where it makes the tarn there oecurs in the river a powerful rapid, there being a fall, [ should judge, im « hundred yards, of pe ny Bity Seat, £0 by moore the, ee ——_ i perfect impassable tor als ia the other side of the Tver, which is here about ter of a mile wide, occurs a wide eddy, se that navi- jon of the river by this ray is not materially impeded, and this, by the by, is the tf one de- tween the mouth of the Gila and the Gulf. There is, below us about ten miles, a larger settlement of the Lodians than either of those above us. Here resides the chief, who claims ab- solate control over the whole urbe, us with a visit the next day alter takin) tion in his neighborhood, wad told ust act as friends to him he wou'd be so to us. Mount Deriance, on THE CoLorapo, onid he was the same as king in this quarter, that all the land his, Xe, Since we have been here the Indi have been very neigh! and have purchased freely. They ar munication with the Ladiams on the co: fully apprised ef the intention of the troops to eome out here. It is fi the intluence of this latter fact, | take it, that causes them, just at this time, to be #0 very civil to ue Yesterday we were romewat excited, from the fact that a large num- ber of rafts passed down tne river, and ia one in- etance @ ‘dena horse. We supposed, at first, it might be indicative of a train of emigrants thas had | been posing over, above us, Then, again, it was | suggested that the Indians were moving their wives and children awiy, preparatory to war. ‘This idea hed some plansibility, from the fact, that night before Inst, about two hundred Indians, chiefly families, nae tp by cur camp, late at night. Our apprehensions have beea quieted, this | morning, by learning that the Indicos have beea | ssing over into the forks of the Gila aad the Co- | pe with a view te make their gardens. This yow will think late in the season, bat vp | to this period of the year the lands in the vici- | nity are all overtlowed. The weather is at | this time very warm, although no means | to much so as at a later period. “The thermometer averages, io the middle of the day,08 in the shade. | ‘Dat it is from the influence of a wind that occats | occasionally from the south and west thet our | most disagreeable sensations arise. jis wind passes for hundreds of miies over a desert of sand | and volcanic remains, and in whieh there is litte | orno vegetation. These, form the great heat of | the sup, get scorching hot through the day, and re- | tain their high state of temperature throu night. The winds, in passing over them, imbibe | their heat, and when it reeches our unfortunate bodies it pariakes of some of the characterwmtics of an Arabian sirocco. Ihave heard of the wind blowing the hair out of one’s head, but not even in the language of exaggeration did I ever hear it suggested that it would cause the perspiration to start from one’s forehead. Dut this is a literal | fact, as | can too well testify. When these winds occur at night, as they not wafrequeatly do, they | prove an effectual bar atalf avempts at obtaining sleep. This is one of the felicities of our conde tion. Another evil with which we have to contend is from an insect, called the sand-fly. It is of Lil- liputian dimensiene, but is very effective ia its | attacks upon the corporeal mia notwithstand- ing. There is also another fly of most gigan- | tie proportions, that is very annoying at certain seasons of the day, and particularly ae ay hee animals. Lizards and scorpions abound, but they ey rto be harmless. There is but little game in this particular locality. Occasionally we see a nd now and then a few quail. There are the river, of a tolerable quali sucker | thie point threugh Sonora, in company with atrain | | into the camp to which he | Atmericims now on the river. the | py shee teen “ waued ed with the pater trae tite \ th a high . ing to the ith, tne Colorado iy, +. sees map: tortuous in its course, gradual uf until it becomes connected with the ia you know, « park of the Greet Auwerioan Bestae OW, & the Great American and one of the wonders of the American continent. There is but little land that can be cultivated in this section; it is of a sandy formation, and can- not, without great difficulty, be ever irrigated. Nothing can ever render this section desirable as & residence, except it should possibly be made the paint over which a railroad shall pass between the acific and the Atlantic States. But I shall have more to say upon this subject hereafter. ay A Concercion, Mours or tug Gris, West sine ov tHe CoLorapo, July 12, 1850. Parties from California—Buiding a Fort—Its Position— The Indians—Arrwal of Califormans — New River, $c., $c. Just as I was sending off my last letter to you, one of our company, who had started for ‘ the settle- ments,” made his appearance, He met on the way a letter from San Diego, giving intelligence which, as it shows the mode in which matters take a turn in this country, I will relate, It appears, in the first place, that when intelligence reached San Francisco of the murder of Glontin and his compa- nions at this place, and of the piles of money he had accumulated, two parties were at once formed there to come down and take posseession of the ferry. One of these was got up under the auspices of Colonel Jack Hays, whilom of Texas, and now Sherlff of San Francisco. The other was got up, it was said, by Col. Graham, of San Francisco. Both of these parties, numbering 20 men each, had arrived at San Diego, one of them, it was said, with $20,000 worth of goods to trade with the In: dians. In addition to this, an application for a li- cence to keep a ferry at this point had been made by a brother of Major Fitzgerald, who commands the forces in the Southern section of California. To make'up the complement, a couple of Yankees'were actually on their way with goods fer this point, and would be up ina few days. This being the state of affairs, it was at once concluded to be in- dispensable that we should proceed forthwith from our then Samar ground and take possession of this point, as as been heretofore the place where the ferries have been established, and itis also unquestionably the point where the military force were to be stationed when it arrives. Ac- cordingly, the next night we yoked up our teams, and pushed ahead, and Without meet- ing any obstacle worth relating, found our- selves afternoon of the following day at the int at which my letter is dated. This, you must ‘now, is ona high bluff at the angle formed by the Colorado, immediately before and after its junction with the Gila. These two rivers, by the by, as they meet eaeh other, flow from exactly opposite points, and the united force of their waters or some other cause, has forced a passage through a high hill. 0 ‘he spot we occupy has alw: been called Concepcion on the Mexican maps. It appears to have been at one time occupied, for in build ling our fort we found abundant remains of old casas There was once, it is well known, a mission in t neighborhood, but it was situated, as has general- ly been reapers onthe north side of the Gila, about a mile above this. Atall events, Major Emory gives it this location. The position here is a very pleasant one. At one view the eye takes in the Gila, the Colorado, before its union with the for- mer, and the united streams as they hurry off ra- pidly to the south,j or rather to the west, as that is the course the river takes for some distance after passing our camp. ve built a fine stockade fort, and consider ourselves perfectly safe. Our Yankee friends have come up, and as we have disposed of all our goods we have permitted them to come alongside, and put themselves under our proteetion. The Spring — (has not yet commenced. This is re- markable, asit is at least six weeks later than it was last year. The Indians are friendly, yet evtdently do not like the idea of Americans establishing themselves here. you a long letter about these people at some other time. Since writing the above, one of the companies isco has arrived, and is encamp- ed on the river, about a mile belowus. Several of them are from New York. I learned from them thet New river, as itis called, has again made its eppearance. This is a stream of water, both wide id deep, about midway of the degert, that flows from the Colorado, and, what is remarkable ut it, begins to appear just as the Colorado be- It was never known there for sixty said, till lastseason. It is agreat bless- llera, for, without it, the desert would be almost impassable at this season. [a the fall, when the waters subside, an excellent crop of grass eprings up, this, too, of course, serves a ver) valuable purpose to the traveller. It is a matter of considerable speculation, with us here, to know what has become of the spring emigration from the States, this season. It is a month, and even more, later this season, than last. Up to this time, not a single company have arrived, that have left within the present year. T.F. Concercion Movrn or tie Gita, July 23d, 1850. } Emigrants—Mr. Henry Hermans, of Kentucky— A Character—The Hatf-breed, Geo. Bllisa—Umah Indians— Destruction of a Mistion—Recent Acts of the Umaha, their Destiny, &c., &. I wrote you last week, by one of our company who went in for provisions. Since then little has occurred to disturb our tranquillity No American companies have arrived, and we have almost given vp the idea of their being any on the road. Oa | Tuesday last we had quite an excitement, ooca- | sioned by the arrival at the opposite shore of an American, who soon came over with a companion. | It proved to bea Mr, Henry Hermans, of Frank- fort, Ky., who left New Orleans late last Decem- | ber, and who came on to Derango, and thence struck into the road at Culiacon, and came up to of Mexicans. Mr. Hermans informe us that, about 20 miles up the Gila from this place, there came beloaged, an American, | almost naked, and in a id apd exhausted | state. He said that he louged to Giontin’s | perty, and left here before the murder to go up the Gila, for some purpose. That | on their return, he and has party were taken | by the Indians, and robbed of ull they had; and | that he had left his companions so ent feebled that | few of them couli walk. The Mexicans supplied him liberally with provisions, and he left. Yester- the same fellow made his appearance on the othet side of the river, opposite to us, and wished | to be set across. We, however, did not go to him. His name is George Ellie. He is a half breed, from one of the Western States. He was with the Umabs at the time of Glontin’s murder, and is sup- posed to have been its chief instigatot. He is a rare villain; and his whole story to the Mexicans and to Mr. Hermans was unquestionably a fabrication. ‘Lhe probability is, that he is hatchiag some plan with the Umahs to compass the destruction of the Our colored neighbors are not so atten- tive eat have been, seidom visiting our camp. T have nodoubt #1, would destroy us it they dared to, bat we are luckily too well protected against | borne, of the arn bea of soldiers on its from Sonora to Calorie, Who Te at the fimey attending ety eS Nea oretdaialeghletrmnaniadadantonts the werld, at aa ent despatched. with their clubs. e walle of the mission were le- velled with the ind, its ‘rei can now distit it a mile above the mo of the Gila, at least so says Major Emory. Since that time, there has been found no devotee of the cross enfficiently enthusieatic to attemot their con- version, and they are now, in the lis guage of one of their number to me the other day, must malo christanos (very bad Christians.) I can but be- lieve that a prudent and sensible missionury would here find es promising a field for the exercise of his benevolence, a other oa the eomtinent. Theyars a sensible a chrewd race, and I have -no doubt ere readily prscenible to kindly influen Since the destruction of the mission, little has been known of the Umabs till within a late period. About two years ago commenced a new era in their history. A rush of emigrants from Mexico and Ange United States across their territory, hed then commenced, which has continued almost without interruption till the present hour. No com- plaints was made of the conduet of the Umahs till last season, They then commenced a system of robbery and pillage, and even murder, that has seldom been equalled in a civilized land. Loud complaints were made to government, and at last Lieut. Coutts, with the|double object of protect- ing the emigrants, and of prosecuting the boundary survey, came out here and located himself at the point we now occupy, in October last. He con- tinued here for several months, and established the first ferry upon the river. The Indians were very lodignant at this invasion of their rights, and made direful threatenings, but prudently avoided a col- lision. Soon after he left, another party took pos- session of the ferry, which soon became no- torious as “‘Glontins.” Their fate is well known. The Indians rose upon them, when most of them were asleep and all unsuspicious, and killed every man but three, who were absent. Since that time, two other companies have established themselves on the river, and a military foree will soon be ata- tioned upon it permanently. The glory of the Umahs has departed. Their iubeeinnoy upon the great Coloredo of the West, will never more re- eir future fate can readily be dis- , alone, the vices of the whites, they will melt away before"their advancing strides, till jthe places which now know them, will know them no more—when, as at a no distant day, a smiling village, or, perhaps, a proud city, may be seated upon their now favorite habitation at the junction of the Gila and Colorado. It will be an interesting association in its history, that on its site once lived and flourished the tribe of Umahs. T. F. Our Oregon Correspondence. Orggon Ciry, June 15, 1850. The Legislative Assembly—Politics—Trial and Execution of the Cayuses—Gold, §c., §c. Popular attention has latterly been strongly at- tracted towards Oregon City, where events of a deeply interesting character have been transpiring; and so far as they are, or may be, interesting to your readers, they will be noticed. The Legislative Assembly cenvened in special session in Oregon City, on the 6th of May, on the call of Governor Lane. This session was called to provide tor some things which had been over- looked by the Assembly at its former sessien. Their doings, however, were entirely of a private nature, and their rehearsal would add nothing to the interest of this ]etter. Governor Lane is making commendable efforts to have the civil affairs of the Territory in the best possible condition when the hour of his official departure shall arrive ; and, in order that he might effect his object, the Assembly were asked to alter, amend, or add to some of their former acts. In doing 80, they remained to- gether two weeks, and passed, perhaps, some half dozen acts, original or supplementary. The mem- bers of Legislature are men of good sense and sound integrity, and they have on the whole framed an excellent code of laws. One subject of discussion, though not of definite action, deserves a passing notice. The idea ef a State government has been extensively discussed in private circles; and as the measure is decidedly popular, the subject was agitated in both branches of the ‘Assembly, and there is httle doubt that the question of calling a convention to frame a consti- tution would have been submitted to the people if the election had not been so near at hand as to prevent a full and fair canvass of the matter. We shall be feeling for the knocker by the time Cali- fornia is dis; With the actual and rapid influx of population, and the many, encourage ments held out to immigrants, there is little doubt that in lees than eighveen months there can be no objec- tion made to the admission of Oregon as @ State of the Union on the ground of a want of population. All here feel that the claims of Oregon require a more numerous delegation to Cor 5 e do not wish to kill our present talented and — delegate, and shall soon be asking to add at two coadjutors on the floor of the national Le gislature. It may be proper here to remark that the subject of party pehiics has been, fora few weeks past, warmly discussed. The meeting of the Legisla- ture brought together the le: lemocrats of the Territory, and the removal Governor Lane afiorded « favorable pretext for a party rally; so a democratic meeting or convention was got toge- ther, for the double purpose, I should j ige from their published proceedings, of organizing the par! and adopting some ind gnation resolutions wit! reference to Governor |.ane’s removal. At this meeting the y was auly organized by the ap- pointme nt of, central and local committees, and the other formalities usual on such occasions. The movement is received coldly by the masses, and the prospect at present is, that the party thus form- ed, though undoubtedly the strongest on the ques- tion of principle, will for a time be defeated by the combined power of the whigs and the no- party party. Most surely will be the case until party papers are established, athe Oregon Spectator, Ve ouly paper wow in th badly neutral on every miblect, But the subject of most thrilling and intense inte- reet has been the trial and execution of five Cayuse who were delivered up to Governor Lane by their pation, as the res f survivors of the mur- derers of Dr. Whitman an others, at the mission- ary station onthe Walla Walla. After much nego- tiation, and especially after seeing company after company of the rifle regiment coming into the Terri- tory, the nation determined to purchase peace and salty by surrendering the perpetrators of that hor- rible massacre into the hands of American justice. Being thus given up by their own people, these five persons might have been justly executed on the testimony ‘of their own nation They were, however, tried in epen court: first indicted by a grand jury, then arraigned before a petit jury, and there, by the surviving females of the massacre, who remembered, recognised, and identified them every one, were they fairly tried. They were de fended by K. Prichett, Eeq., Secretary of the Ter- ritory, Major K. B. Keyncids, and Captain T. Clay- Cverything the zeal of coun- sel and Hudson Bay and Catholic influence could do, was done to save them from the gallows. The ury, however, pronounced them guilty, and the 4a e declared they must be hung; aud notwith- standing the Archbishop of the Cotholic Church labored to the last to save them, and followed them to the scafiold with his wax doll and crossed sticke, which the savages were required repeatedly to kiss, yet all would not do; they were hung by titory, is them. As these Indians, the Umahs, have already gained some notoriety, and are probably destined to more, a few remarks upon their history and character hot be unwelcome The Umahs number about 500 warriors ; at least such is the estimate of Lieut. Coutts, who has had opportunity for forming a cor- ion ny one. They have vill up » jo, up the Gila a few miles from t at the point of land between the Gila and the Col do, at the “ A) res,” 20 miles below this, and island at the mouth of the river, atthe head Gulf of California. Here is their chief set aoe ay ro as been told by one who as Visi! it, they rai ine i of pumpkin: melons, beans, corn, &c. "They also alee more or less of these articles at their other settlements. There is a fine field of them even within a few rods of our camp. ‘The Umahs are almost universally a tall, well formed, featured, manly appearing race of men, and their women are even superior to them in personal characteristics. 1 have seen some that might even be called beautifal. What will com- mend these latter to the attention of their fashion- able sisters at the East, is, that from them Tae bably derived the of bustles. The Umah ladies invariably wear round their waists « covering of bark, so arranged that if they had over it a convenient garment, it would give them, so far as dress is conce: ly the appearance of a Broadway belle. They, as well as those of the other sex, are very economical in the article of a good size. h mout! and are red about the ei, 4 ‘bat tam not enough of an ichthyologist to give them a correct deserip- tion. The Indians decoy them to the surface and then shoot them with arrows. ‘The water in the river is tolerably good, notwith- standing its oflensive eretases: It Shen token from the river, that which has been made use of by a washerweman, in the way of the pera aspect of the country, in the region of our fort, is somewhat impressive. Just in oy tS he north the Cotorate for many ‘miles tater become united those of 1 & rear is « heigh: fis = seen foy its ad * dress; the latter seldom having anything to cover them but a breech clout and a girdle about their iste, * “The Umahs have been residents of this clime. Their location this neighborhood ts marked on the oldest Mexican maps. They had, Mericopen, but they have eradaaliy aght them le ve m ih Rocca ig Mortbvenasieatte ban u moors, a The Umahe, about & years since, the neck until they were dead, dead Thus ends an aflair which gave rise to a war which cost the nation little short of two hundred thousand dollars, and which most open grew out of the attempt of the Catholies to esteblish a mission in the heart of a tribe already occupied by Protestant missionaries. From this, refleeti minds will draw their own conclusions. The elections came off throughout the territory on the firet Monday of the present month. Party lines were not fully drawn im any except two coun- ties. In one of these (Marion) the organized de- moerats carried their ticket throughout, while in the other portions of the territory the no-organiza- tion party carried all before them. So far as the political principles of the successful candidates are concerned, the result shows that the whigs and democrats are about equally represented in the Legislative Assembly. [t ought, however, to be borne in mind that the election did not tarn on politics, except in two instances, persons voting in- discrinunately for whig or loco, as they were influ. enced by personal or local considerations. The first of this month be noted as the com- Imence ment of a new era in of Or \. The United States mail steamer Carolina arrived at Portland on the Willametie, on the Ist instant. This stearser is one of Aspinwall & Co.'s line, which are to ran regularly between thie point and San Francisco hereafter. This at once converts months into weeks, so that we now are one week from San Francisco, and five or six weeks from New Yotk. And nét only are we asdured of the regular trips of the mail steamers, Lut some two or thiee others will roon commence to run regularly between this point and San Franciseo, Nor is the business in any danger of being overdone. There is an immense travel on this coast, and the travel and commerce on these waters require only the necessary facilities to cause a great and ree ex- pansion. Oregon possesees remarka’ de- gree almost every element of greatness and peTmanent prosperity, and she awaits only the plication of the paras means to ensure it. —_ eblished ece! itherto the steamers have con- fined their operations to the coast below San Fran- cisco, and both trade and travel have been to the slow and izkeome iotions of sail vessels, but | Oy npipg Aung. 20, 1860, Raw; tha teapeoved proapect of effkize is balled Wik wiygel jo , air really a person will need to write fast to keep up with the rush of events as they pour into the of our people new elements of excite- ment everyday. The peorle, of regen have be- come convinced that ge id might be found plen':- fully on Rogue river and other streams in the south of the territory, and there was a geod deal of yreqarsiion made to commence mining operations m that quarter as soon as the waters should sub- side apd leave the Kt! exposed. But it has been announced that gold, in rich and extensive depo- sites, has been discovered ont he country above the Caseade range, and in the tributaries of the Colum- bia. This news, for the moment, has brought everything up standing. The specimens exhibited from that region certainly indicate a rich vein of metallic wealth, The rivers are, however, tlush of water, andit may be some weeks before suc- cessfal operations can be commenced. Among the persons-who have gone into that region are | some one or two of our moat intelligent men, who will return shortly with authentic particulars. But contemplate for a moment the condition and prospects of Oregon. Unrivalled for her agri- cultural, manufacturing, and eommercial privi- leges, she adds to these also the valuable possession of the shining ore. Must not this Territory, for social comfort, universal intelligence, domestic happiness, and unbounded wealth, soon occupy an enviable position. Side by side with California, will Oregon run the high and bright career ef prosperity in rearing up the mighty empire of the Pacific. Arua. From the Alta California, August 1.) The Pacitic mail steamship Carolina, Captain R. L. Whiting, arrived from Astoria, Oregon, yester- day morning, having left that port on Sunday, the 21st inst. e down 14 passengers. We are in- debted to the purser for a copy of the Oregon Spec- tator, of the 1th of July, but it contains but little news of interest. We extract the following para- graph relative to the gold mines:— gentlemen who have been absent for some weeks past exploring the Yakama and Spokan, in search of gold, have returned. They report having found some gold—a very quantity, however. The streams were all s0 hat a ratisttctery examina- tion could not be . Itis thought, ho: ir, that when the waters subside eos to admit of it, more thorovgh examination will bring tolight hidden mines of the precious metal. + The S. steam propeller Massachusetts, Commander Knox, arrived at Astoria on the 30th June, with the joint commission ‘of army and navy officers appointed to select positions for light houses and fortifications. The ‘Spectator says that it is understood they have completed their duties so far as Puget’s Sound and the adjacent count is concerned, and are now to examine the mout! of the Columbia. Massachusetts came be 2 the south channel, drawing 17 feet, finding abundance of water. We also learn from the same source, that Cap- tain Thomas Hawks has buoyed eut the chanuel from Pillar Rock to Tongue Point, and last week carried the Tarquina through it, finding it a perfect- ly good beating channel, with sufficient water for all vessels nanigatin the river. The old channel round Tongue Point bar has long been one of the greatest difficulties to river na ion. Intelligence from the South Pact We have received the Valparaise Reporter of the 29th of July. Owing to the crowded state of our columns, we are compelled to be very brief. The affairs of Chili are in a prosperous condition. ‘The entire revenue of the year 1649 amounted to $4,055,286, being an increase over the receipts of 1848, of 482,625 dollars. And the ‘plus of imports and exports of the showing an increase ever the preceding year of 4,671,214 dollars. The politics of Ecusdor are becoming more end more eomplicated, On the 13th of June an insurrection took place amongst the military omy headed by Colonel Kate. Five of the provinces have reeognized the govern- ment of Nobea of Guyaquil, and the remaining three have proclaimed G: Elizabaldi, chief of the re- ae pitbongh he 4s sajd to have taken refuge on can corvette bound to Payta. Civil war still continues in Central America, the principal seat of it being Honduras. Guatemala is also in a disturbed state, and Costa Rica is on the poiat of a rupture with Nicaragua, on the subject of the boundary towards the river San Juan. is the cause of dis- eord, and notwithstanding the reports that the late treaty between the Unit ate had removed contrar; New been and Great Britain all difficulties, facts clearly prove the Granada continues in peace. The Jesuits had ulsed order of the Greenest, end no manifested by the et eg MARKETS. Vavranaiso, July 29, 1850.—The demand for English colton during the month has been extremely Mmited, there having been no purchasers for tin the market, and the country dealers have b a The continual heavy rains the transport of goods to the interior al: sible. A few considerable sales have been effected for home consumption, but of a speculative nafure, rincipally in muslin de laine printed muslins. aly one arrival from Liverpool has taken place, parcels of ez, E inte rioes o b m, and as stocks are light there is little doubt they will be sustained. Next month the spring de- in, and as b; a e" . According to the last accounts recely- England,Germany and the United States, oot- in such measure, that ved fro ton and woo! had advance three of the largest mills in Lowell and most of the Manchestcr mille were working short ed operation, time The cotton crop in the United States falls short compared with 1549, 6,000 000 bags, and as per table in another part of our columns, the import of cotten in England. in the first four months of 180, has decreased 217,000 bags. Our dealers, aware of these facta, ‘are holding out for pri per our price current All dereriptions of woollen goods are extremely dull © little demand at $14 50 per quintal on board Fre have undergone little alteration since our last report. Abo tons are still for charter in the By San Franciseo $14 a claas of merchandire ton, and from Valpara! has been paid, nowordin, For England, to call f £5 los, and 6 per cent for A No, 1 Britich vessels haw orders, been given, and $14 for guano to the States Freights to the C £4 4s Kntered duriag the mooth, 24 379 tone led do., 24810 of which were for California, entered, 1.860 sailed. 9456 tons Gold dost reesived during the incnth from California, $70,000. xchange on London, te 6',1 ; silver in bars, * 7d. ; hard dollars, 6%. per cent ; gold above ley, 1h th, p. cast, Mowe Ixoray News —The B . Of the steamship Galveston, have received papers from Galve ‘We extract the following fr ment to repel those Indi: their mountain homes, and k: own bemes and family heart The been down some hundreds of miles below the settle. | ments, not regarding the United States troops which are porte reasons. « ln was held ont resolutions t population a 0 ie Enclosed I send you « G0 py of the resol u tio: 4 the letter of Brevet Major Qen, George M. Brooke, United States Army,in answer tothe same. I understand that orders have to the commander of the drejon on the Cibole, and that they «ho they had overtaken punished said Indians From | the enclosed cop: letter of General Brooke. you will see that. in future, we may perhaps have a little snnqualitty, that ie to say, just ieve these United States troop but as toon ae ey find out that they are | will be inte them in right | . A petiti circulated d te the Governor. about ie signatures, requesting the (iovernor to raise. or to eal into immediate service ot the State, a suteient force of volanteers to clear the country of t bands of Indians [ learn from who atrived in town on the Sist uit ing left Rio Grande City twelve days since, that nearly the whole country on this side of the Rio Grande, trom Eagle Pass to Brownsville, was tate of the greatest predations it of the de. in 8 * quently raw fresh“ vigee 7 to cross on the other ride of the im a to the different towns on this side of the Rio Gran for the reason of eroaping the Indians horses and mules hare been stolen by th Regie ¥ frei report from 1 Hardee reached Eagle lace, which tated that Captain Onkes had captured from the In- diane. near Laredo, ninety thet the 1 packs and Tele in Oakes, that ne were #0 hard pashod G iy Were forced to loare their New Comer.—A new comet was discovered at helf . “se f Anecon last Mane 3 by by BF 4 t Sambridge rvatory, 1 Pon stellation Came ’ ton aogrese north of the star Al Pereei. Its hourly motion is increasing “ingfon sce comparison wth a arin Atge- e sec. e rison with as! '® Zone 57, ius place was as follows, at ‘1860, Ang. 20th, 11h. — bbe m of } of yous olty We have received files of the Kingston (Ja ) (From the Chigeoo (Ii.) Tribune, Sept. 2.) Despatch and Advertiser, by the Empire City, to | shore oe legibly that will not efface it. The the 29th ult, first evidence of its el is to be seen betwei ir, at Ki » (Ja.), m un- al wi '» wi J has bee Randolph and Wi here, usally warm several days. Preceding the | “stance of nearly a block, the has been oe pe ao nga pa carried away for the distance of a block, and 29th of August, the Island jamaica TY | the deepest cut, from ten to twenty feet, took trees healthy. and fence with it. A meeting of gentlemen anxious to promote the culture of cotton in the British West Indies, was held in Kingston, Jamaica, on the 26th of last month. The whole subject of cotton growing was debated, and estimates submitted of the ex- penses and profit that would arise from it. ral letters were read from property owners in the island, offering to give, in one instance, a thou- sand acres of land, free of rent for three years, to the joint stock company, which it was proposed to form for prowing cotion. Samples of Jamaica cotton had been sent to Liverpool, recently, for the inspection of persons engaged in the trade, who represented that it was worth from eight to eight and a half pence per pound. The meeting passed the following resolutions :— Rerolved. That the sum proposed to be raised be in- creased to £2.000, in proportion of not less than £25. Resolved, That a committee be appointed to solicit subscriptions. Resolved, That the committee be requested to report to the next meeting, whether it will be more advisable to expend the whole sum raised, in the cultivation of cotton by the subscribers, or to make advances to small propri: who may be e: d in cotton eul- tivation ; and also to report on the eligibility of a situ- ation for carrying out the operations of the company. Sir Robert Bowcher Clarke, the Chief Justice of Barbados, has been appcinied to act also as Chief Justice of St. Lucia; the Hon. J. G. P. Atthiil is to be the resident Puisne Judge; the Hon. Louis La Caze, the Stterney General, in the room of Mr. Atthill; and the Hon, Cyprien Mallet Paret, the Solicitor General of the latter colony. The appointment of the Hon. James Scotland, late Solicitor General at Antigua, to be the Chief Justice of St. Kitts, has been confirmed. Seve- | The next point, and where the waves set in the greatest violence, is between Madison Monroe streets. The deepest cut cannot be less than thirty or forty feet of what was the solid bankment, which, as it was undermined and | Carried away the fence feparating the lake shore. grounds from the street, two rows of trees in the suect, and at one point, nearly opposite General Stewart's, took the railing for two or three rods ime side of the trees, the water encroaching upon the carriege ae! On Saturday afternoon, we watched the fieree | onset of the waves upon the land for half an hour # this point, and though the storm had then some- what subsided, the rate at which the embinkment disappeared could not be less than several feet per hour. Atevery third or fourth wave, when, successive efforts, the potting Sood had acquired a suffieient momentum, it di furious'y up the slope of blue clay, took a huge mouthful of the eurth lying next to it, and then a slice of the bank above, having no support from beneath, would fall. Itis our firm convietion, that, if the storm had raged with the same violence for twelve hours longer, the greater part, and perhaps, all of the street would have disappeared at this point. As it was, we found, on visi the spot Legerdey more, ing, that some ten feet of ground di since the previous afternoon. Only the day the storm, General Stewart had got timber on the ground to baild a protection for the embankment opposite his residence, but the water claimed it for its own. Another deep cut, though not so serious as the last named, was made opposite the next block south, between Adams and Jackson streets; and for a mile or more south of this point, as far as the _ Accounts trom Martinique state that serious in- ury had been done to the shipping of that islan y the gale in the early part of July, and that a government steamer had been despatched in quest of missing vessels. The Governor of Jamaica has recognised J. W. Fraser, Esq., as vice Consul for the United States of America at Savanna-la-Mar, in that Island. The Kingston Datly Advertiser says:— Since the departure of the last mail for Great Bri- tain, this island has been very generally visited by co- pious showers of rain, attended in several Aistrices dy thunder and vivid lightning. Some slight injury to property has occ: on the north side of the island. Emperor Soulouque, of Hayti, according to counts received by the ‘ket, was not to rece his imperial crown until the end ef the year, or ear- y in January. The ceremony was to have taken place on the 28th of August, but is delayed until the completion of ‘a grand chapel,” which isin the course of erection in the e yard, and in which the important event is totake place. Anew aon of curing and thn sugar by centrifugal force, is now in operation in Barbados The gain to the planter is represented to be from twenty to thirty per cent. The Barbados Globe says :-— ir. Drumm repeatedly placed in his eylinder uncer- tain quantities of what could not certainly be called “sugar,” tor the samples experimented on were fer- menti asses Of what was little better than thick molasses. and yet, in the short space of four minutes, the re produced was a quantitity of pure sugar, of excellent quality and appearance, quite free from mo- lasses, and with the in unin): by the operation. Our New Jersey Correspondence. Morristown, August 24, 1850. Morris County Courts Agam—Indictments os. Morris and Essex Railroad Company—Impor- tant Civil Sustse—Notice to Bill Holders of the Late State Bank at Morris. The August term of our courts is now in session; and though the Grand Inquest in and for the body of eur county, have had no more bank failures to investigate, they have found it incumbent upon them to present two bills against another corpora- tion—the Morris and Essex Railroad Company. The first indictment against them in effect, not in fact, charges their conductor, Isaac Van Pelt, with en assault and battery on Col. Nathanie| Mott, of Rockaway, New Jersey, in ejecting him from the cars on the morning of the fifth of June last. The circumstances, as I understand them, are these :— the company, as a check on their conductors, and that the trains may not be delayed in giving out tickets, and aking hange with passengers in the cars—in other words, for the great convenience of the public—have lately adopted a rule requiring all to purchase tickets at the several ticket offices before entering the cars, or pay an additional five cents when procured in the cars. Col. Mou was at Dover, and reached the depot just in time te jump on board as the train was leaving, and when the conductor called for tickets, had none. The extra five ces were demanded and refused, the cars stopped, the intractable Colonel ejected. Hence the complaint and bill. The trial will ia- volve some nice legal questions, and will not, probably, be brought on this term. 3 The second bill charges the company wish keep- ing up and Peiciaining a nuisance, to the great damage and inconvenience of the people in and about Rockaway. It is alleged they have built upen and otherwise obstructed a public highway at that place. No criminal business has as yet been taken u; this term. The Court of Quarter Sessiovs will A organized this morning, to traverse the petty ils. ‘The Circuit has thus far been occupied in the ce- lebrated and long contested caseof J. Seward, Jr., or can see, the hungry waves have eaten a hi slice of the embankment, of the width, we should judge, of from ten to twenty feet. The whole ‘amount of ground carried away, for the whole dis- tance, will not fall short of six or eight acres. The Niagara was a good deal weather-beatem on her arrival in port, and the strain of her machi- nery, added to the ee the waves, turned everything topsy-turvy within. Some of the cabin windows were stove in by the violence of the waves. The damages, however, ave not so seri- ome as to require a great length of time to repair them. We learn by conversation with those on board, that she kad a constant struggle with the gale for thirty-six hours, all the wipetron Mackinaw; and, owing to the violence of the storm, was unable to putin either at Sheboygan or Milwaukee, theugh she had freight and passengers for both places. On entering between the piers, she passed over the bar, whore there is only seven feet of water, and her draft is nine or ten. Had it not been for the - lift of the waves, she would have stuck fast. About two o’clock on Saturday afternoon, steam- er Canada, from New Buffalo, hove in sight, and after beating south of the piers, passed them and took up a pagition inside of the nerth pier, where she lay till towards evening, when she came in | without serious difficulty. e been roughly used by the storm, her works on one side having been considerably stove in. We regret to learn that one of the waiters, on attempting to pass into the kitchen, not knowing that the flooring was gone, stepped through -into the lake and was not seen afterwards. e did not learn his full name, bey he was called “Dan,” and belonged to De- troit. The sy. that the Canada sprung aleak, com- aan pt. Bullin to come in sooner than he intended, is totally untrue. bar the boat struck once, which broke a water supply Pipes near the bottom of the hold. This per= mitted the ingressof considerable water, which had to be pumped out before the break could be repaired. The hull is as staunch and tight as ever. ‘he Canada was unable to touch at New Buflal but lay anchored opposite that place the whole of Friday night. She consequently brougiit no mails. By persons from Milwaukie, we learn that there are two vessels ashore near there. The steamer Sultana made Milwaukie, but was compelled to stand out. She laid at anchor during the gale, a short distance out. We learn that she suffered considerably in broken furniture, beside losing one of her pipes. The steamer Champion was compelled to put back, and made Milwaukie safely. We Jearn from the soutn end of the luke, that three vessels are ashore near Michigan City, but have not heard their names. [From the Charlotte (N.C) Journal, Aug. 28.] On Saturday night last, we were visited by one of the reverest storms of wind we e cS what we can learn. it has ber not have much rain, but in other quarters the rain fell in torvents, so much #0, that the Catawba river, and nearly every creek. was swollen to ® tremend: height. A gent! who saw the riveron Sua morning, informed us that bi right in his life--the whole expanse of vered with rafts of floating timber, watermel ua, ke. The river was about ten fect higher than The amount of damage to the corn in bottom lan4s, must be very extensive, and the destruction to timber must leo be very great. Mosc of the core is prostrate”, and In coming over the from appcarences, the fodder will not be hardly worth gatherin, some locations, the storm reemed to be severer tl Others; bot we rejoice that we have beard of no damage to individudis The Crops, The Baton Rover, (Us.) Gazese, of tine 4th ult., bet the crops in Kast and West Baton are vs. The Morr «land Banking Company. The plainufl ow aluable farm at the head waters of | the Morris Canal, and brings an action for damages done him in consequence of the pany’s erect- ing a dam at the outlet of the lake, and raising the | waters ®o that they flow back upon and ijare laintifi’s lands. The defendants deny flowing | lands of the plaintiff which they hive not » under an assessment made when the dam was | first ereeted. The trial will probably continue the ec greater part of this week, the plainull having not | 1 Mille, yond th ator, is con! yet rested. For plaintifl dler, E. W. Wheiple Miller ‘The latter, owr Se room with an attack of fever, and has not as yet | been able to be present at the trial. For de- | fendants, F. T. Frelinghuysen, Theo. Little, and Asa Whitehead, Esqrs. | 2 on the civil list, is another very important | case—Den ex demise Florence C. Rice vs. Jere- miah G. Hamilton. A mansion house and farm, situated at Denville, this county, valued at fifteen thousand dollars, is in controversy. The plaintiti brings suit to eject the defend nt, and over the premises, alleging defendant's title deed bad, on the ground of mability on the part of the grantor to contreet, by reason of imbecility and insanity, | and fraud practised by the grantee. ‘The trial is set down for Thursday morning of | this week, and should the canal cause delay it be- yond that time, you ehall be duly advie For laintill, Theo. Little, Morristown ; E. T. Schenck, | ‘onda, N. Y.; B. Williamson, E. Town, and Asa E. W A. © Whitehead, of Newark For defenia Whelpy, and J. J. Scofield, Morristown M. Pennington, Newark; and Sanford or Jordan, pind bill holders of fore closing, | would r the lete State Bank at Mori resenting all claime or de Ww Wood, J. 0. Wh ad, and in this town, will ex- ernext. As to the pro- nde, that may hereafter be current belief ie, the bills ts on the made and declrred. whl eventually be worth ove hundred d&me—or nothing. All depends on the result of, the enite institnted in the Court of Chancery against R the old direction ft Avoust 28, 1850. L have to inform you the important cause of Den ex dem. Rice vs. Hamilton, goes off for the term. Judge Ogden necessarily leaves here on Monday next, to open the Passaic Courts at Paterson, and the time intervening will, most probably, be wholly consumed in the trial of the cause now in progress, Seward vs. Morris Canal and Banking Company. We learn, says the Bayou friend, just from Jackson, that some few day 4 portion of the citizens of that place were horrified at the sight of a mengled corpse of an infant, which was found in the ssion of several doge, in a tenanted lot. From al) that we can learn, it seems that some Horrimee Sc Sara Ledger, fre | says | crop, ti | who have been biesred wi Felicinna, and good average yiek ‘The St. Francisville (La.) Chronicle. of thy 21th ult, The rays of old Sol for the week past have been unusually at OS in the netrating The thermometer has stood as been & slight improv cient hor tT to change the opinion as to the yield. We have asserted, rt, that it will fall short at least one-fourth. Many of our lanters have con wanone, yet the bolls are large fae reverol think that the crop in this and the parish of Kast Feliciena. will equal that of good ordinary sem sons, Two pinnters, In particular, have informed us that they cotten staiks #0 prolific of large fin the cotton stalis of the present we copied from th» Win- den (La.) Herald an account of a stalk of bere two hundred equarer, and also of anot bore four hundred equates. This last one we thought tor hich hich extraordinary. but & cotton growing friewd of ours t hat even thatis nothing to brag of, for he «aye t poe he read the extract im our hi ninet, ‘The 8t. Leséry (La) Whig, of the 24th ult., seya:— We have recently conversed with several intelligent planters of our parish, who all agree in stating that the prospect of the coming erop of a very The corn crop, b be very pi A letter corm crop fully State. and proves « very a! very promising If we get one more good raia, every planter will make more than be emo wather A letter dated Ban Marcos, Texas, August 6 sara: — , and the country are for fightiog for our Bante Fi our rights, im preference abolition dictation “the weather it —too warm for th» presets om high temperature in politics A letter dated Cotiand, Newton county, Texas, July SL, ways -—The crops of this section o bly short of the common average corn, au short. there will be enoug! was restricted for want of seed ry bad say from halfte two thirds as much #6 should be on the ground The Columbus (Mise) Democrat of the 20th ult, has the following .—The prospects of a good cotton “2 bave materially declined In the last two weeks 0 tection of country W rome of our planters, ight showers, for @ full crop. the indications ar | dle. oming to the destruction of t | by the worm. but miso by the falli sequence of drought. One of the most successful aud ing ters in the country predicted to us th .~ — deed has omy ag —— “yt i of tate (Wars an widow la ly, and circum- | prere ie worm my st ances are Clearly neniont her—it is sup; that | their cotton. One pleater says fhe conmtea thirty — it was her own chi , and that she killed it tohide | 0D 8 singe —y ~~» by Past, Le ped her shame, but in burying it her doge followed, | Sel4 of ton ne ian Ongre aot Pere colleps dug it up, and brought it back to the house, where | 94 comratnn te the reste ne ae os ona me it was foand ip a maagled condition Troly, this | sine for destroying the boll worm. From this it must have been a horrifying spectacle for a mo- | be seen that topping estton, nor new land, le ther to look of vim Depot syatags thle connective ineeet, w i jor pod ! iiieituaiadiint ofthe 2éeh ult We teceived Commaxper Raxpotrn.—-We understand that this naval officer, when his vessel, the sloop-of- war Albany, was entering the harbor last week, ordered a Boats crew to put him ashore at Cohas set, from which point he immediately started for the South. The veseel to the Navy Yard, under command of Lieut. a, Beene Randolph's depa Pensacola, we . fine stalk of cotton, of the fiw janiation of Mr Jesse Croom remark T | ably well bo y MM xcept on tl Wt boom . Several land hoods are not likely to turn out better than = Picking commenced pretty generally on Monday committed suicide, igh} abn etree: , in the Mohawk river. ‘Boe wae a . ond had been joaeue for #70 year