The New York Herald Newspaper, March 11, 1850, Page 1

NO. 6155. DOUBLE SHEET. sMDDITIONAL NEWS FROM THE GOLD DIGGINGS. Our California Correspondence. San Francisco, January 31, 1850. the \—Redemption of Gold Tokens— pA ap —Extent of Squatting— Wonderful Growth of San Francisco— Theatres and Civihzation going up—New papers Perso- nal Movements— More Gold in Prospect than ever —Levees being Built. I was in hopes, when last I wrote you, that our long sand severe winter had well nigh come to a close ; ‘but the rains have been descending since then with “four-fold vigor, and the streets are knee-deep with vmnud.- The “ oldest inhabitant” is puzzled to know what this winter means. It commenced a month -earlier than it was ever known to before, has been vmore severe than ever, and seems noi at all in- -¢lined to hold up. Patience, however, must ne- . s00n introduce us to the spring, and with Sine cee breezes,” which ne es! to blow -over this “ Italian climate,” when the heteroge- neous mass, composing the present population of San Francisco, will scatter in all directions, par- tcularly to the mining regions north of us. The governmental affairs of our new State are ing smoothly. The bill authorizing a loan q State, was not responded to, however, by any of our California captialists on the day when Picporale were to be rece:ved ; and we shall either obliged to negotiate aloan in some of the East- “em States, or, what is more probable, a scrip will be issued upon the credit of the State, to be re- deemed when a revenue shall have been raised by taxation. A bill has been iatroduced into the ‘Benate, which yill, if passed, prove a damper to one of the reat speculations of some of our capitalists. You are aware that the larger por- tion of the coin now in circulation in San Fran- -eisco is coin made here by private individuals, ‘who purchased the dust at fifteen dollars per ounce, -and profess to give the full weight of gold in their ‘coin, without alloy. From the first issue of these ‘tokens, the Custom House and Post Olfice autho- rities have both refused to receive them ; but in the absence of other coin when they were first put in circulation, they generally passed current in the community. Latterly, however, as Ameri- -ean coin has become more abundant, many of the merchants have refused to receive them, and they have become a perfect drug in the market. Their issuers have, in many cases, refused to redeem them, and there is now great difficulty in using The bill introduced into the Senate by Hon. S. E. Woodworth, of Monterey, provides, that the issuersof these tokens shill be obliged to redeem them within days after the passage of the -act, and that the tT such tokens shall be deem- ed as-counterteits, and subject the makers of them to ishment as counterteiters. I very much «doubt whether this bill wiil pass,as there are many satrong influences brought to se#r upon the Legisla- veure, by the capitalists who have issued these ns. A series of instructions to our Seaatoty and Re- por “ephegen aleq een iatroduce » recom- mending the Sxpulsion of ull other than citizens of sae United States from the mining region, protest- e=> future sale ot these lands, request that the pre-emption laws of the United States ger be extended over California, and also calling le esi nt of a branch mint in San expulsion of foreigners from the mines, how- ever just it may ar, would be a matter of great dufficuity, and would lead to an alcnost interminable gue! warfare. They can never be ejected by m liery, for the reason that the climate of the mining region has such a peculiar efiect on eoldiers, that when they reach there, the majority of them ‘beat their swords into” crowbars and their beyonets into pickaxes. [t could only be done the miners themselves turaing out en masse and driving the foreiguers at the point of the bayonet. ts moreover very questionable whether thé policy would be a good one. The gold dig- s@inge are not so rich now, that the foreigners carry off very fortunes, but, on the contrary, leave far the larger portion of what they do dig with ¢ Americen traders and gamblers, by them to be eireulated throughout the wale community. ‘The exteasion of the pre-#t law over Cali- fornia, is at the preseut time a matter of greater tolour new State, than any other mea- re which Congress could edopt for ofr benefit. this commauity handreds of peo- are anxious to settle ta the country, forthe of cultivating the 8oi!, and would do so im- , and thas commence the permanent settlement of this territory by au American popa- were they assured that they would be pro- in their pre-emption righis. Simultaneous the extension of the pre-emption laws over survey of lands would settle some of the exed questions in regard to what are and what are not etament lands. Syuatting is now being Gondeoned at hap-hazard ali over the State. In Sacramento City, previous to the overilow, a operation commenced upon town lots, cand it has not yet entirely ceased. question in connection with this subject, ‘which will be os difficult to deeide, 18, in whom eT of property to the immense tracts of land pd] to the missions of California— whether ia the church, the ladian tribes, or the eed aereramens. These lands are the most of any in the couatry, and if declared go- -vernment Inndy and brought into market, will be speedily located. Asthis« is a mutter of the greatest anterest, | ietend in my next to turnish you with an accurate history ot mission lands, from the ime of the viceroys to the preseat. At the mission Dolores, located in a beaw ‘three miles of San Franc ‘have located, and comme: u Kron of the soil, with the hope of establishy eaim. One geaivs went so wo with all his beggege: in the charch itself, ene 1 ye refused pews wes ¢) y a legal process. e ge- ene should ily attend to this matter, and, as it is their policy to settle Califoraia with a permament population, extend every facility to the ®The establishment of a branch mint is a matter in a et < 2 e ar} of too plain necessity to ire any argument, it is a di oy Gter eommsent that it has a to whole rain, to ia te rs es ex thew weeke; so that we a! & MORNING EDITION----MONDAY, MARCH 11, 1850. 21st of this month, the wife, daughterand son of the enerable Capt. Sutter arrived in California, where they met the husband and father, after a separation of over twenty years. The whole family are now staying atthe Graham House, San Francisco.— The Panama boone with it the appointment of ree Sutter as Indian Agent in connection with Col. Adam Johnson, who arrived here some months since, and is waiting for the opening of the roads to start on his mission. Ex-governor Shannon has commenced the prac- tice of the law in San Francisco. Among the es by the Panama. was Colenel Jack Hays, who came up from San Diego has now entered the field as a candidate for sheriff. The communication with the mines has almost entirely closed. Mules only can travel on the roads, and the miners, in their winter homes, are generally waiting pa- < tiently for the opening of the spring. Many, how- en doing a good business through the wil man, at Carson’s creek,§a few days since, in washing some earth, found a lump of gold, solid and nearly pure, weighing twenty- two pounds. The next season will, I am positive, exhibit more astonishing results from labor in the mines haye ever yet been witnessed. The vast quantity of rain which has fallen during this winter, will wash down from the mountain sides, and frem the ravines bg the river banks, large amounts of fold: so that the old and abandoned diggings will, during the coming season, be com- pd new, and new discoverieg will doubtless made. The waters proceeding from the overflow of the Sacramento are gradually subsiding, and the in- habitants of the towns up the river are contemplat- ing the erection of levees, to guard against such a catastrophe in future. A number of new towns | have lately been laid out, and Yuba city, Oro and Marysville are putting forward their various claims | for public patronage. The towns of New York and Benicia, located below the overflowing banks, are growing st: y; and from present appearances, it will only require the fostering hand of the gene- ral government to make California allthat her most | most sanguine friends have ever prophesied. The mail 1s about closing, so till the 15th of Feb- ruary I bid you adieu. Gounp. San Jose, Catirornta, Jan. 11, 1950. The Price of the Herald in the Cupital— The Politt- cal Aspect of the Legislature—The Wurlike Cha- racter of the Members—The Electron of a State Printer—Amusements of the Californians, §c. Lhave just had the perusal of one of your choice sheets, for which I paid one dollar and a half, and, seated in the cushioned arm-chair of a dignified senator of this new State, I pea you this missive, hoping you may use/your igfluence with the pow- ers that be, in making wach feform that we poor exiled devils may get an occasional paper from thy States, without subjecting us to the same price as we have to pay for our dinner. In the first place, do you know how to pro- nounce the name of this town? If you do even, I will wager that nine-tenths of your readers do nots and will make as awkward work of it as 49 many of ue members in pronouncing that beautital stream San Joaguin, and for course, I willtell you. San Jose 1s pronopaced San Hozay—and San Joaquim, San Whawkeen, accenting strongly the last syllable in each pame. On the 15th ult., both branches of the legislature met, but, for the want of a quorum, adjourned over to the 17th, on which day the Senate met, and elecied Dr. E. Kirby Chamberlin, of San Diego, President pro. tempore, and Dr. White, of the Aseembly, from Sacramento City, was elected Speaker of that body. By the steamer of the lst, Ipresume you have learned all this, as well as the result of the election of United States Senators. The exact political strength of the Legislature, however, has since been decided, as follows:—1n Senate, one whig and fifteen democrats; in the Assembly, ten whigs and twenty-four democrats. The Senate of California, composed of sixteen members, all intelligent-looking men, has but three married men in it, and bat one who has not er im the Mexican, Texiag or w: General Greea, the father of and the hero of the * Mier Fight,” ia a married map; and Dr. Chamberlin, late sargeon to the boundary lire commission, and a surgeon in the United States Army, ia the Mexican war isa widower. Messrs. Bidwell, Basshim, Li pincott, Post, Robmsgon, Taylor, Woodworth, ond Vermule, were ail engaged in the California war, as were Messrs. Vallajo and De la Guerra, a last-mentioned, gentlemen though they are, happened to be upon the wrong side); Mr. Crosby, anothermarnied man, 1s the ten peace man ia the Senate, and he, | learn, battled bravely the whig, Tom Corwin, anti-war party in New York. The Lieut*Governor, Major McDougal, was also in the Mexican war, and an aid to the gallant Lane. Messrs. Hope and Douglass both served in that wer, and came over in Mayor Graham’s party, from Monterey, in New Leon. The assembly is composed of thirty-four mepbers, tweaty-two of whom are warriors and fighting mea. The Comptroller, Col. Huston, and the Treasurer, Col. Roman, beth served in the Texan and Mexican wars, from the battle of Alamo to the capture of Mexico; and Captain Whiting, the Surveyor Ge- nera!, in the Florida war; whilst HH binson, the State printer, with his editorial pen, battled Tom Corwin upon hisown —Inll, Is this not, indeed, a fighting Legislar For the first two weeks the business of this Le- nelature seemed an “up hill” one. Bat little was lone, and that little sometimes had to be undoae, owing to the inexperience of the memberain legie lative matters, and the want of a priater. Having none, neither knew what the other branch was doing, which occasioned a good deal of clashing. On yesterday, however, the two houses weat into int convention, and elected H. H. Robinson, jormerly editor of the Cincinnati Jnguirer, but more recently eee the boundary line com- mission, State printer. Mr. Robinson is of the firm of Robb, Marcy and Robinson, during the sitting of the conve: (the “Saltaire” of the St Low ed the next steamer, with a large press and ap- paratus. Mr. Marcy isa son of the ex-Secretaty of War, and you may soon expect the California Statesman “knocking at your door” for an ex- change. ‘During the hoRdays we were amused, upon two Sundays in succession, with bull, cock and bear ts, after the true and primitive California style. At the firet exhibition, five bulls entered the lists, when having been goaded to madness by their tor- mentors, by sawing off their horns and cutt their tails, they were let loose in an arena, ory square, among some thirty horsemen an 4 fought, much to the diversion of the ladies, until four men and six horses were serious- injured, yo \ 4 animals — let loose a 4 formance, a bear, lassoed on the ay was vious by the ex- 0 Foto the "trope by having a lasso attached to a was secured, by means of a ; Gent achat ay a half they > hugged each other, rc tot capuantes of the audience, a Governor, grave Y legislators, to say of brunette California who seemed particularly. diverted. “The ee, bull, however, to have the 5 feisty ares ve the best bottom, and and goaded Bruin to death. Ano- iately succeeded this, winch an still to the ladies. A je injury i he women, eremed the eli- the exhibition ‘ermunsted use. New Year, brilliant cotilton ir ety Ta 7 the Assembly. graced by all the by and brown, into his nec toot = against cone Bim ia oe, ot San Jose, not excepti te dd lovely daughters spills not wish you ot your readers to judge, what I have written, that thi a decidedly immoral people; not so. The which is of immense ma larly by thousand , one ist, itude, Te Te must be very their benefit, of | off speedily 3, for the rapid influx of American citizens, if it continues, will soon leave the natives in a mi- nority in all parts of the State. Even now, taere are but three native Californians in bo‘a houses; they can of ak English, so that w. aaorecanee % re- wired. I am spinning my scrawi out much loager than I intended, and will only say, that as [ ex, er to remain here until the close of the session, which will probably be in May or June, as much time | will be required to set fully the wheels of state in motion, Imay eccasionally drop you a missive, descriptive, not only of town and country, but also of people and legislators. Deere [teers | Sacramento City, Jan. 7, 1850. The Post Ofice—The Winter Inhabitants of the Mines—Gold Washing in the Rany Season, $e, Ge, Ge. * Yours of the 13th of November was duly re- ceived by me. I generally get my papers and let- 1€78 pretty promptly at this place, for which I am indebted to the obliging and gentlemanly post- master, Mr. Stephen Freeland, formerly a resident of,your city. He has made many friends by his kindness and attention. We are now in the middle of our rainy season, and things are rather dull. I have a friend who has ‘*jast dropped in,” and is giving me one or two rather interesting items, he having just come from atrip to the mines of this district. The | gentleman referred to has been an old resident of California, and giving, as he does, these facts entirely disinterestedly, I fancied they might amuse, and perhaps benefit, some of your readers. He estimates the present population of those win- tering inthe mines at 75,000 to 80,000. This is only in this district, on the Juba, Feather, North Fork, Middle Fork, South Fork, and Trinity river, and all doing better than they were this time last year. He says the winter season is the best for operating in the mines. The reason is, that in the summer season these cannons are dry, and no water within three or four miles, and consequently the miners flock to the bed of the river to work the fine gold. In the winter seasoa, the water flowing down these cannons fills up sundry holes, retaining | the water for two or three months, where they can wash the dirt, and atthe same time pick out a chuok that will repay them for many week’s work; in the mean time their dirt washing at least pays their expenses. In these cannons, the heavy as is found, and not in the bed of the river. My in- formant tells me that while at the ‘mill’ at Colo- ma, last week, he saw some thirteen piecea,ranging from $40) to $126. Within six miles of the mill is a place called Georgetown, with a popula- ton of from 6,000 to 8,000, settled for the winter. They all seemed, my friend tells me, to be con- tented, and have enough of the yellow to be agree- able. They were living in log huts, and the idea of persons moving from thence to avoid the in- clemency of winter,they looked upon as ridiculous In one clear winter’s day, they can do more work than they can in the heat of summer. My inform- ant has taken a careful verbs 4 of the entire mining region, being doubtfal ot their holding eut any | length of time, aod returns perfectly satistied, from | personal observation and inquiry, that they will continue to produce more and more every year, for at Jeast ten years to come; and it is his imores- sion, from his examination of the already washed dirt, that persons can realize, by ordinary industry, at least from five to ten dollars a day The city here is progressing extraordinarily. A magnificent hotel, called “ Sutter's,” has just beea | completed; board $25 a week, lodging $22 night, | meals 2 each, Balls and part ire being given | all the time—tickets to the first ed, two ounces | each; and therefore, if mone made pretty ly sometimes, it goes as quickly in other way | Sacxamento Crry, (U. ©.) Jan. 8, 1850. | The Rise in ‘the River—Inundation—Stckness— Money— Suecess—-Companves Forming—Rare | Spert Coming. | Having an opportunity, by private hands, (the mails being very irregular) I concluded to give You some of the news of this strange country. We | are in water four feet deep, and, from present ap- pearances, we are likely to become webfooted be- fore the water subsides. The rise, in the river, is said to exceed anything of the kind ever known here by the oldest inhabitants, and there 1s a great loss of lite and property—the river making a com- | plete breach over the city—and the whole plain is inundated—communication with the mines nearly | cut off. There has been much sickness in the towns and in some portion of the mines. The southern mines are much more unhealthy than the northern. The Juba, owing to the low ground bor- dering its shores, 1s also a source of much ague end fever. No portion of the mines will compare with the American river in regard to health. The air is pure and very light, and by care and atten- tion to cleanliness and diet, I should pronouace it one of the healthiest places in the world. | Ihave recently seen one mimer who, with a party of five, took out seventeen thousand dollars each. One prece of gold, taken by him, he sold for eleven hundred and fifty dollars. Fifteen or twenty miles from Culoma, on some of the bars oa the American river, one million of dollars have been tuken during the last season; but the whole mining country will be occupied eary in theseasen. Large numbers are spending their time in selecting situs tions for the coming seasen. Companies are also forn ing for the purpose of tarning the rivera from their native beds, to enable the workmen to secure the gold in their bottoms, which proved very suecess- jul in many instances last year, whea they could afford time to do their work well. The stock ofall these companiesis now eagerly sought after at very high premiums—some shares selling as high as | three thousand dollars. From present appearances, many millions will be token _by the American miners the coming season. The minergure de- | bating the question whether to let the mers work in the mines this season. They are almost unanimous in the opinion that it is pot proper; and Ithink they will determine to warn them off and out of the mineral region. Should this happen, you will hear of rare sport, and in that event, these | Cumo, nkarn Los Anoios, Dec. 22, 1849. Beautiful Scenes and Scenery— Wild Ful in abun- —— dance— Wagons and Travelling—the Seasons and Weather— Still tha Emigrants come—Destitution of many on their arrival. This is * Forefathers’ Day.” If the Pilgnms of New England had made their ingress upon this continent upon a day as glorious, and having an atmosphere as exhilarating as the one upon which I write—and if their lot had been cast upon | a soil as benignant as that of the beautiful valley from which I date, their history, and possibly that of the American people, might have been quite different. I would it were in my power to give the people of the North a view of this region at this “ ia- | clement season,” as they are accustomed to term it. Upon the left, looking towards the south, and | at a distance of about 20 miles, stretches away the Coast Range” of mountains, having a height, in | places, of some 10,000 feet—Mount Bernardi KSehon peak ta Cehtorais, torsiag swt ot sos opere t in Cali ta, forming one of 1 . At the ri ht is a range of ow hull x their sides a) summits clothed in the richest verdure ng rectly in front, and at a distance of ut eight miles, darts rapidly onward the Rio ‘Santa Anna, one of the most it streams in this section of California; and about six miles yet further, another range of mountains connects those at the lett with the hilis at the nght, thus com pletely «| utting in the valet, leaving only at one corner a pass through which the great theresa fare from the States and Mexico, across the rado, enters. [ts surface, covering an area of some , Wy en as the wheat field of a New York farmer is in May, and the air is even more mild and balmy than the days of that month tot be omted, fo he lenge quuaney omitted, je qu of wild fowl which abound, secmmlagly 06 taspe that tranger hd oppose they were raised upon t my Segh, ot entroqneatiey ta good og at flocks of wild geese, iso of ducks. White brant, too, are most ant. Very often in the the sides of the mountains, to the extent of w' acres, will be winte with them. To thie peture should be edded, a view of the iggrace droves of horaed hoi ' companies will have the advantage by being in sach | numbers as to take eare of themselve: the | Mexicans and Chilian not unmindfal of the | North American. } * woold » the place. | could and cattle, and the flocks rees and imales that dot over the surface of the eouwtry, in 6 directioa to which the eye con extend view of a different character now presents iter! From the south cam be seea approaching, va their slow aad toileome way, along train of emigrant wagon: their white tops glittering in the sun. These vo started, either Fort Smith or from some point in Texas, and, after a six or eight months’ Journey, over desert wastes, and through hostile tribes of Indians, are now emerging into the habi- tations of civilization. Eatoring & valley from the north east, appears yet another trai, who, leaving the frontiers of Missouri many months since, and after reaching the Salt Lake, H if season too far advanced to cross the Sierra Neva- da, were compelled to turn south, out of their way, a distance of about 800 miles, through sacmeney and trackless desert, and are now emerging from the Great Basin, through the Cahouss fy into this valley, having at least 700 miles before them, before they reach the E! Dorado of their hopes. Some Loh age mio. or may be seen, after passing this ranch, pro ing westwardly into a gorge in the hills, with a view of stopping there to rest their wearied teams; and others again, on their way northwardly, to the City of the Angels. To coumrnta the coup d’au of this lovely valley, let us not forget the picturesque appearance of some do- zens of Indian wigwams, most of whose inhabi- ts have been fora long time its denizens, and are now living in a state in which the habits of civilization and barbarism are strangely mixed The season, thus far, has been very favorable. It comnienced raining on the first of November, and it has rained, on an average, about one day out of a week ever since. The nights are occasionally cold enough to cause a slight skimming of ice to be made in exposed situations; but the days are always, in clear weather, mild, and often oppres- sively warm. The farmers are now, and have been for several weeks, engaged in getting in their | crops; and surely never since Adam ploughed in Eden, had farmers such & prospeot before them. With a soil the most prolific, and easily prepared, they have a demand almost at their own doors for everything they can raise, at prices that I hardly veeture to naine. i _ In my letter of last month, I anticipated the ar- ve of large trains of emigrants from the Sult ec. ing that relief should be sent them. They stated that there were on the way rising 200 wagons, and | that they had been much longer than was aatici- | pated, and that, in consequence, many of them were wholly out of provisions Colonel Williams immediately despatched a wagon with full supplies | of provisions, and it should be stated, to his credit, that he furnished it to emigrants in the desert some 25 per cent eer thaa it could be got for | in Los Angelos. When the wagons were met, they had been a, out of provisions for miny days, and had been living on their cattle. Ia this train were three families, who had, in the aggre- ate, thirty children. Of one of these, the father eft them at Salt Lake, in consequenee, it is said, of threats against his life by the Mormons. He travelled rapidly, and crossed the Sierra Nevada near Sutter’s, and thence, by the coast route, to this place, and met his family on the Mohadie river. Many of these wagons have arrived, but the great proportion are yet behind. About one hun- red of them, after they had got dowa about half | way, turned westwardly, with a view of striking into the Talue Valley, through Walker's Pass. About sixty of these, after wandering about for some three weeks, were forced to return. Others, however, are yet in the mouotains, end by many it is confidently Vattoved they never can get oat Many of the emigrants who arrive here are wholly destitute of means, and dozens of them en- tirely barefooted. Colonel Williams has supplied them, in the most liberal manser, with provisions and shoes, and to not a few has advanced then sufficient money to get them on to San i Small Scraps of California, In addition to the full details already given in the Herald by the recent arrivals trom California, we give a number of items whith will be servic: able in forming a judgment of the spirit, enverprise and peculi of this you A resolution was oflered in the House, to-day, declaring Sacramento City a navigable ——, don’t know what, for the resolation had hardly be- come the property of the Heuse, when the mover withdrew his resolution most emphatically, for he took it from the clerk’s table and vamosed the hall. After he left there was much confusion to determine whether, in fact, the geatleman who offered the resolution had any right to withdraw it after it had become the property of the House. After some debate it was determined that, as the gentleman had not only withdrawn himself, but the resolution also, and the Ilouse had no power to enforce the return of either of the two, it was fair to presume (at least it was convenient) that he had a pertect right to withdraw. The House having arrived at this sage conclusion, adjourned over to Monday. __ _ Since writing the above, | have seen the resolu- tion spoken of. It was as follows:— Resolved, that the committee on engrossed bills be instracted to inquire into the expedieacy ot declaring Sacra- mento city navigable, and also to report to the House immediately astofthe necessity of procuring anchors for the homesteads,.’ INDEPENDENT PACIFIC STREAMERS. hk These are to run to Panama, The sudscription books are opened, and we understand will remain 80 tll thisevening. The amount of capital is at present limited to one million of dollars, which amount is deemed sufficient to place four steam ships of the first class at once upon the line. More than two-thirds of the required amount has al- ready been subscribed, and we are assured that the same parties are willing and aaxious to take the remainder; but in order that there may be no comeisiet of monopoly, it has been deemed ad- visable to open the books to the commuaity. SALE OF WaTER LOTS. THE The ific News says:—We learn that, to- day at 10 o'clock, A. Ma large sail boat, oa- pable of containing a pleasure party of fifteea gentlemen, will start from the Graham House, proceed through Kearny street Lake, thence down Pacific street to Montgomery, thence along Mentgomne street Lagoon to Washington, thence up abies on, ‘appeesohing Portsmouth the recenl square. They will endeavor to find burnt district—all traces of which, ha derstand, been lost. They will then sha course up Clay street, and should it rain, the will two hours and a half at the post office, ea- avoring to ascertain that there are no letters tor them. They will finally proceed to huat up the localities of those town lots, which were sold at auction on the 3d inst. We are requested to state, that no fear is entertained of the boat's capsizing as she will be bolasted by $435,190 exactly, ia silver. THE SCHOOLMASTER ANROAD. Mr. J.C. Petlon bas opened a sehool for cltildren of both sexes. No charge for tuition. Tae friends ar of the school are invited to support it by contribu- tions. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. ‘ The long expected trial of skill and strength, in between the American, New Sonth Wales and Chilian boats and crews, which was to have taken place some two weeks sinc., came off om Sunday last. The prize was a purse of ~— and the entrance money of each boat, @10. Tn to be gone over was trom the stake boat, at O around Bird’s Island and back; and the whale boate American Eogle, Wild Irishman and On her way roand the the American Eagle, which had gal- lantly kept the lead, was aground, notwith- standing which she came in about one hundred yards |, and won the purse. Time, 55 mi- nutes. One of our enterprising fellow ertizens, whe is a ‘at lover of the sports of the turf,has importedfrom. dney, a splendid English stallion and mare— animals—of grest beauty. We presume we hear of them and their progeny upon the turf fornia. RARTHQTARR The residents of this enty were startled on Wed- needay, 16th, in consequence ot several shocks of Rr earthquake. The first two occurred at about jalt-past eleven o’clock A. M , and were of reveral seconds’ duration, succeeding each other at short intervals. third took place at a quarter past one, P. M., vibrations of which were coamde- rably more’ violent than the previous ones, and of greater duration. LAW INTRLIGENCR. , The following named persons were convicted of sets of grand larceny at the late fire in thie exty, and “yoo sentenced as appearss—W. Qainn, 3 years hard labor in public streets, with ball and chain; Peter Notfear, Patrick Ayre, Thos. » Thor. Dehity, Jose Maria Antonio, Jose Antonio, 1 year hard labor inthe public streets, with bail chains Geo. Campbell, Luciaa Manos, 6 hard labor in the public streets, with batl 4M action to recover dama and hotery, Evidence twehow that the pert COM pene serene the Comped, @ wifling nilu aoa d jatending suit travelled in d that, while to the assault on ‘Soon after it was despatched, there arrived | here a deputation from the foremost wagons, ask- | which this case 1s brought into court. Defendant rad justi Verdict in favor of plaintiff, 1 676, John Southworth was arrested for firing a pistol at his partner, with intent to kill; committed. TMRATRICALS. The dramatic y of Atwater & Madison, who have been pepemiog at Washington Hall, | yo Eagle atre, down the curtain on Wednesday night, the public patronage not being sufficient to warrant them in continuing n. Otymrrc AmpuiTHeatre.—Mesars. Rowe and Toee beg leave to inform the public that this establishment will open for dramatic entertain- ments, on Thursday evening, the 31st instant, with a talented and efficient corps dramatijue._ Nei- ther pains or expense have been spared in fitung up the amphitheatre for the accommodation of the ublic, upon whose patronage the proprietors con- Fdently rely. The entertainments will consist of an opening address, written by J. E. Darivage, Esq., for the occasion, to be spoken by Mrs. Ham- bleton ; after. which, . Shakspeare’s tragedy of * Othello;” after which, song by Mrs. Batters. The whole to conclude’ with ‘ Batchelor’s But- tons.” Doors open at six o’clock; curtain rises at seven o’clock precisely. Admission—Boxes, $3; Pit, $2; Private Boxes, $5. GREEN OAK CEMETERY. : An opportunity is at length offered to deposite the remains of a friend or relation in other pene than ‘Potter’s Field.” A few gentlemen have | devoted a very pretty mount of ubout three acres, | covered with the evergreen oak, to this purpose, and have fixed their charges at such reasonable rates as to meet the views of all requiring their at- tention. MISCELLANEOUS. From the neighborhood of Carson’s Creek, on the Stanislaus, a Frenchman extracted from some ot the earth of those washings, a piece of gold weighing twenty-two pounds. ‘This 1s lump of | the pure ore worth finding. Le Californian is an organ devoted to the French interests Of California, published in San Francisco, at the Matson Chawviteau, in Clay street. [t is is- sued upon a foolscap sheet, and lithographed—th it | expedient having been resorted to in the absence of | any accented type. | STEAM NAVIGATION. ‘The “ Senator” 1s to be laid up for a week, for the purpose of being thoroughly cleansed and re- painted. As soon as she has donned her fresh and comely suit she willagain be placed upon the | line, and make dauly tripsto and from Sacramento | City. Her career has been suecessful from the | first, and she has always beea prompt and puac- tual in her times of departure, and regular in rate | of speed, while her accommodations have been of | a superior character. Her success has, therefore, been deserved. | We understand that a new steamer, called the “El Dorado,” 1s to be placed on the route b: | tween San Francisco and Sacramento, in opposi | tion tothe Senator and McKim. We leara that she made an experimental trip oa Saturday. a IMPROVEMENTS IN SAN FRANCISCO. We can scarcely keep the run of the improve- | ments, in the way of buildings, in San I’r: 3C0, | so rapidly are they carried out. An half hour's | walk, yesterday, enabled us to see a small portioa | of what has been done within the last three weeks; | and, accustomed as we are to the fast way of doing | things 10 this part of the couatry, we were really surprised. To mention the very many new and really handsome and spacious domicils and ware- | houses in process of ereenon, is « task that would | tax our time and infringe upen our space too much; | but we cannot refrain from noting one or two of | the most conspicuous. By far the most striking | building that we have seen js that in Washington | street, near Montgomery. It is three stories high, | with a brick front; and when completed, will pre- | sent an elegant and substantial appearance. Inthe | second story of one potion of itis the new Theatre Nationale. Burgoyne & Co. are just completin | a very pretty brick building, on the corner 0 | Washington and Montgomery. Itisof brick, with astuccoed front, in imitation of free stone. A new brick building, Jewett and Methado’s, we be- lieve, is being erected in Montgomery street, near the corner of Washington. Several spacious iron warehouses have lately been bault, and a number | of others are now going up. We are glad to per- ceive this undaunted spirit of enterprise manitest- ed, and also to find that brick and iron are being | used as much as possible. HEALTH OF SAN FRANCISCO. (From the Alta California, Jan. 31) } Our records of mortality show that many deaths have occurred in this city within the past six months, and that the increase since the commence- ment of the rains and inclement weather has been such as to carry a conviction to many minds, pre- judscial to the general health of San Francisco. It | 1s gratifyin, tokaew, however, that the numerous | instances of disease and death which we have wil nessed are not attributable to local and permanent | causes to the degree which would seem indicated, | and that we may, more firmly than ever, notwith- standing the adverse influences of sickuess and | suffering as at the po moment me exist ia oxr midst, establish the treth, upon weil supported theory, of the healthiness of ‘this locality, uaim- ired even by the hasty growth of a city risiog fnto the commanding importance of @ vast metre- pohs, and already numbering a population of over fifteen thousand. MARRIED, In Sacramento elty, /aousry bit by the Rev, Mr. Burpbem, Pienne B. Connwart nad Wiss Groaoixts Curten, stepdaughter of DG. Whitney, Eeq Thi 0 Placer Times. | pip. In this city, om the 18h January, 1850. of typhus fe- Issac 8 Paor, late of New York city. New the St Charles Hoteleudden- Tomas H. Acerix, formerly Im Sacramento City, Tuesday. 15th, Mr Z C. Par Tex, of 266 Sixteenth street, New ¥ In San Franciseo, 234 lost , ase of Bi Dorado Apscolation, of dyrentery Feascis D Casers, aged 23 = von of Major Kersecen Crarrs, of Roxbury. er Inte residence, near the Post Oflce, on Mon- years deeply regretted by San Francieeo City. on the 2 ’ N bged about 20 years, New York and iroy papers please copy. Pian Francisco City, on the 27th Deo . at the Ore | m lioure, We. Brave, formerly Aloaide of Cablo de in Jone. At ii im's Bar, on 16th Dee Inst, Lert Cusrstan, | are. Tanci#eo City, on the morning of the Jd inet. Rk of mo, hh Y (Prom the Alta California, san. 15 | , We presest our readers with the following suc- cinct and comprehensive sketch of the proceedings of the commissioners appointed by the United States and Mexico to rau the boundary line be- tween the two coentries. We can vouch for its mee: necuracy, as it wae furnished us by the ind atfent-on of a ecientitic geatieman attached to the commision, to whom we here beg to ex- press Our indebtedness for his courtesy The commissioners, Colenel Weller and Gen Conde, —— by the two goverments for the demarcation ot this boundary, met at San Diego, California, on the 4th July, 1819 | ‘The first operation agreed upol by theses gen- tlemen was the determination of the straght line of boundary from the junction of the Rie Gila with the Colorado, to the point oa the Pacific one mat ague due south of the southernmost poiat of the port of San Diego. The tmination on the part of the United States was entrusted to officers of the U.S. corps of Topographical Engineers, detailed by the S.c- retary of State te perform the sc tions connected with this bound: Mae W..H. Emory was appoint chief. The plan propoeed by him was to make a series | of astronomical oowervations simultaneously at each extremity of the straight line; M himself supet Tatending te operations Pacific, Lieut. A. Whipple condactiog the work e mouth of the Rio Gila. in order to determine with greater precision the difference in longitude between the two stations, @ eystem of anpowder flashes was provected, and Capt Ed L. Hardeastle appointed to make a reconnaissance among the intervening mountains to determine its practicabalr Upon the Toth of July, soon after the arrival of the Mexican commissioner, Major Emory sent Lieut. Whipple, with sostruments, &e, to the “Punta,” near the initial pont of bowedary, with instrnetions to establish an sstroaomieal observa tory; nud soon afier took up his own residence tthe eame place. troops of the escort which fe comma |, accompany ; and the station wee honored with the title of “Campy Rile | With a 43 1ach meridian transit aad a lage | where it unites with the Colorade | x, porte of New Granada. - TWO CENTS. telescope, both mounted upon firm he now commenced a series of phen oper ns. Ina tew weeks, A. B. Gray, U. 8 surveyor, ed @ camp near the “Punta,” and employed Party in running the shore line of the bay. Finally, Mr. Salazar, the Mexican astronomer and surveyor, oatnblished an astronomeal station in the same icinity. wing obtained “apporoximite resulta for the latitude and longitude of the observatory, Major Emory desired to transfer these determinations to the initial point and the boundary, and detailed Lieut. Whipple, by @ reconnaissance and survey,to ascertain its position upon the coast. By a reter- ence to the map accompanying the treaty, it seemed probable that “the southeramost point of the port of San Diego,” was to be found on the southern extreme high water line of the bay.— From thence, south, the marine league was meas- ured and its extremity transferred to the Pacific coast. Subsequently the same was measured by Mr. Gray; but when the initial point was finally settled, the two commissioners wisely agreed to adopt a position farther north, which would result from a measurement from about the mean between high and low water line. This point was officially marked, with all the formalities appropriate to the occesion,and afterwards Major Emory, assisted by Capt. Hardeastle, connected it with the observatory by acaretul triangulation. The observations a amp Raley were also rendered available to the nautical world by being transterred to Panta Lo- ma,” at the entrance of the port to San Diego. Upon the 20th July, Capt. Hardeastle, with a party, started upon a reconnaissance in the moun- tains. Col. Weller, with Mr. Gray, designed to socompeny hum, and proceeded one or two days? journey; but, being injured by the accidental fifing of a shot gun, he was obliged to return After an absence of two weeks, Capt. Hardeastle brought back a topographical sketeh of an exten- sive reconnaissance in thigiitherto unexplored re- gion, with a report furnisffeg much useful 1ofor- mation regarding that portion of the couatry through which the boundary line was to pays, and interesting accounts of the wild Indians who ia- abit its many fertile amd beautiful valleys. Three prominent mountain peaks were selected—* Colo- rado,” ** Los Pinos,” and ‘* W mon,” so situ- ated as to render it probable that a chain of flashes could be carried unbroken trom the observatory on the Pacific to the astronomical station at the mouth of the Rio Gila; thus affording the most ap- proved means of determining the true difference of longitude betv ne {WO stations. The Gila astronomical "party, fim charge of Lt. Whipple, and escorted by a detachment of dra- goons under the commend of Lt. Coutts, left San Diego upoa the 10th of September. On the 24 of October this party reached its destination upon the right bank of the Rio Colorado, and Lt. Whipple, assisted by Dr. Parry, botanist, and Mr. lagraham, recorder, immediately establiehed an astronomical camp on the high bluff opposite the mouth ot the Rio Gila. Favored by a dry climate and a clear sky, he was enabled, in the month of October,alone, to make a sufficient number of observations to de- termine with much precision the latitude and lon- gitnde of the place. Unfortunately it was discovered thé chain of sig- nals from the Pacific was no mplete. Under the direction of Capt Hardeas: » mowntains, ably supported by Lieut. Slanght: mmanding an infantry detachment of the escc here was no want of energy in carrying themon. They were observed consecutively trom the “Punta” to “Monnt Wickamon,” but the last connecting link was broken. None of the flashes could be seen from the hills near the mouth ot the Rio Gila In November, Major Emory dispatched a mes senger to the Gila, with the results of his observa- s for the latitude and longitude of the initial oint of boundary upon the Pacific, and received From Lieutenant Whipple, in return, the astrono- mical position of that point, defined by the treaty as “the middle of the Kio Gila, where it uaites with the Colorado,” accompanied by a topographical sketch exhibiting the junction of the two rivers, and what that officer had selected as the treaty pot. This was shown to the United States Com- mussioner, who approved the selecuon The results of the observations made at the two astronomical stations having been exchanged, the | aximuth of the straight line joining them was com- | puted, and tked upon the ground at each extre mity of this portion of the boundary ; thus com- pleting one of the prettiest of goedetic operations, purely by astronomival means. ” A party, in the meantime, was organized uader Mr. Gray, the U.S. Surveyor, to proceed to the mouth of the Gila, for the parpose of making a surve: Rio Colorado. He passed over the end fortunately found a foot pa ing down into Vallecito. Upc River, he met Col. Collier, escorted by a detach- ment of dragodns, under the command of Lieut Beckwith, avd was induced to retura with this party, conducting it, by the mountain route, to Saa ego. of the conilaence of that river with the mouataias, Cal. Weller, still desiring to complete during the present season, ail operations nece: determine ofheially this straight hae of bow gave to Lieut. Whipple authority to unite with Mr. Selazartor this purpose. But the Mexican commission had not yet ar- rived at the mouth of the Gila, and it was feared lest « failure of General Condé to agree to the pornt selected as “the middle ot the Rio Gila might reader vain much of the labor, and prevent the com evion of the work. Fortunately, November 20th Mr. Sulezar reached that station. Having veceived from Gen, Conde powers similar to those cones d on the other party, he joined Lt. Whip- ple io on exomination of the janetion of the two rivers, diaily adopted the pomt previow lected at described by the treaty, and tered into @ written agreement, renderings cial the operations at that station. Alih ierd thet the conformation of the grougd uch as to give to the United States sot the Colorade for nearly eevea miles hof the Gila, together with the best military p one ia the vi y, there was no hesitation on the part of the Mexican surveyor in aceeding to a just theagh strict construction of the treaty. Oa the following day the astronomical fixtures were turned ever to the Mexican com- and, in obedience to instructions received from Major Emory, the camp at the Gila was broken u . Major Emory, in the meantime, assisted by Capt. Hardcastle, prolonged bis azimuth line of boundary for ebout five miles trom the coast, after which, the fund: ef the commission beiag exhausted, he repaired with the officers of his command to San Diego, awaiting orders from the department. Krom New Granada, We have rrosived, by bark Bogota, Capt. Thomas, ‘ate flea of papers from Bogota, Carthagens, and other ‘The Geceta Official, of Bogota, of January 2th o taine ® portion cf an official comm ererting portion of this report, whieh contalay fof tr mation whieh will be new and somewhat surprising to meny of our readers, Thie portion of the repor. is beaded the manumirsicn of Tt rays, *¥ yet to lament, that in the proviner of Nei ae bus of slavery still weighs upon us, even atilito this day, when the entire voice of humanity has raited ae general ory of indignation egsinst it It will scarovly be credible to you, gentiemen depaties, thet in the rubjected te the moet severe condition who, by the lews brothers and equals, asto right? ‘The report then t ad * Ret bed the eifeot of eeiag rit of t owing to the unwarranted reapect paid by membere to the interests of iadividusis and this sol mational property The rame paper. of the sem: date, conteine a cirow- power. Don M Maitite direc epase of euqoutag arevranee that the F Congres nor tuppert wey 7 in tobacco. rumor pawing even «law beri arrlrai, we a! 7 seers itterery jovevel bighly © edl'stis root of the Inrelieotaal A Une oranery bar entirely devord of poll toa! of Coumetatel Later-«t The ec masitier of the Sen toned @ hearing to the p at State.