New Britain Herald Newspaper, November 19, 1915, Page 5

ey s HARVEST AL GROPS TPemale Farmers in France Are Thoroughly Organized (Correspondence of The Assoclated Press.) Clermont-Ferrand, Central France, Oct. 26.—The Women of France have gathered the crops this year, while their sons and brothers are fighting at the front, and they are big crops. The harvest is just closing, the barns in this vast farming region are fairly bursting with wheat, oats, hay and a multitude -of farm products, and the fields are stacked with the straw- covered yield of potatoes, carrots, beets and vegetables of all kinds—all these crops a tribute to these Spar- tan peasant women of France who in a way are fighting the country’s Lattle just as much as the men in the trenches. ‘War Prisoners at Work. For three days a correspondent of The Associated Press has passed through 800 miles of this farming region, under escort of army officers assigned by the ministry of war, pro- marily for the purpose of seeing the thousands of German prisoners gathered in from Champagne and else- where, but incidentally giving the op- portunity of seeing these French peasant women cultivating the fields, driving the oxen for the fall pldugh- ing, picking, sorting and shipping fruit, and gathering in the stores of vegetables and tobacco. % Women were to be seen everywhere bending over the furroughs or with panniers on their backs carrying the ® heavy loads of carrots and turnips; on top of straw-ricks pitching the grain into place or loading it on wagons; in the freight yards near the stations bringing in’the farm products and storing them on flat cars; and in long irregular companies alornig the roads at night going home from work with their dogs, wheelbarrows, babies and armsful of fagots. - ‘Women and Old Men, In one 30-acre field of turnips five sturdy matrons were at work and one young woman, with an old gray- bearded peasant, evidently the father, in a chair under a sheltering tree with the baby beside him. He was too old for the fighting line or for this other warfare of the women in the fields. ~Further along a great sweep of fields was dotted with knots of women gathering potatoes into bags, and then throwing the filled bags' over their stoulders to carry to the waiting carts. Each group of women had a yoke of oxen and cart. They were heavy-set, square-built women, like those painted by Millet, with coarse mprons and’ black dresses girt up to their knees, usually bare headed but at times with the big white headgear, typical of this Auvergne farm country. On one large farm a party of wom- en were putting on the fall fertilizer before the winter set in. Some were on the carts hauling in the manure, and scores of others were scattered over the black earth leveling and dis- stributing the fertilizer. In another “field one woman alone was doing the fertilizing, and a sweep of abolt ten acres showed what she had accom- plished. The next farm had already yielded its crop of corn, and now the women were gathering the pump- kins from between the close-cut corn= stocks. The bodies of the women moved up and down with the regular- %ty of a windmill as they picked up the big pumpkins and heaved them up Roval Baking Powder Absolutely Pure Avoid All Substitutes field-guns had passed, we stopped to examine the road, to see if this splen- did macadam had been cut by the constant passing of artillery and the digging of cavalry hoofs. But there was not a dent from the passing of these twenty-ton guns and tho well-made road showed no more ef- fect than from the passing of several automobiles. The officers said this ccndition was general, and that the famous roads of France were pas- sing through this ordzal of artillery and cavalry without appreciable im- pairment. Women of all Work. The women's work in the farm regions is not confined to the fields, Lut covers the whole range of work incident to agriculture. One stretch of country was particularly abundant in straight young saplings, and here the women were at work hewing the saplings, piling them like cord-wood ulong the road ready for the carts to take to the station. Further on, at the station, women were on the flat- cars receiving saplings from other women on cars, and thus this product for telegraph poles, railway ties, etc., goes steadily on while the men are away. In the country inns, too, wom- en are doing everything; not only the cooking but running the estab- lishment, and even taking the places of the garcons in the village cafes- Occasionally a few men are seen in the fields .but they seem out of vlace sprinkled among the ranks of the robust women. They are eithe! old men, usually bent and crippled who go at their work unsteadily, or very young men and boys, not yet in the class of 17-year-old recruits. But these men are more supernumeraries now-a-days, much as the women were before the war, when they gave a helping hand when the harvest pres- sures was greatest. ] Babies Are Few| The new babies, too, are very few in the farm regions. In the three days through the farm region only two farm women were Seen carrying young babies. With the men all away at the war the birthrate must necessarily fall off as these women are turning from the cares of mater- little children are everywhere pres- ent, and are helping their mothers in gathering the crops. In one field twa little girls were guiding the ox-carts, and in another a group of little tots were polishing off the leaves of cab- bages so as to make each one look to other women standing on the carts to receive them. Peace and War. Several times along the route there was a picture of the army of fight- ing men on one hand, and the army of working women on the other, when detachment of artillery or cavalry passed forward on their way to the front. One artillery detachment had heavy field guns, and stretched along the road for quarter of a mile; an- other had the light French mitraleuse or rapid fire gun. At one point a whole division of cavalry was en- camped on a level sweep of farm country, and columns of troopers were exercising on ‘the fleld of man- oeuvres. When these detachments passed along the roads, all the wom- en in the fields would stop work and stand with arms akimbo gazing in- tently at the spectacle of their men going forward for the fighting, for in almost every case.the women in the felds were the wives, ~mothers and sisters of the men recruited .in. this vicinity and now on the march near- er the fighting line- After the detachment DRINK HABIT RELIABLE HOME TREATMENT. 7 The ORRINE treatment for the ¥ Drink Habit can be used with abso- . lute confidence. It destroys all de- ! gire for whiskey, beer or other alco- holic stimulants. , Thousands have . successfully used it and have been E restored to lives of sobriety and use- fulness. Can be given secretly. Costs only $1.00 per box. If you fail to get results from ORRINE after a trial, Pyour money will be refunded. Ask for free booklet telling all about gogmNE, The Clark & Brainerd Co. 1181 Main street. of - heavy fat and profitable, Curious detail: Even the beasts—the cows—are bvearing burden of the war in the farm re- gions, while most of their male brethern—the oxen—have been mo- bilized at the front for the supply wagons. Two beasts labored along the road, drawing a heavy cart of farm produce, as the army chauffeurs stopped to repair a tire. The ani- mals strained under the big wooden voke, but instead of being oxen they were sleek young cows, their bags heavy with milk. A woman driver guided them and they sank under the yoke like the farm women bearing their panniers of carrots. “Is that usual—to yoke milk cows for burden?” was asked. “Yes, in wartimes even the cows must carry their share,” was the re- ply:- And it was further explained that the few horses seen in the fields were mares, as the heavy stallions were needed for the artillery, except the few retained for stud purposes, and the geldings were used for cav- alry and supply trains: Thus war mobilizes the male animals for the battalions, and turns the female ani- mals into beasts of burden. Labor Is.Scarcest. Inquiry of the farm women brought out some interesting phases, They have organized the work much as the men did. The women workers are graded and paid, according to ability and position. Those in responsible places rake five and six francs a day, and more in the busy harvest season, besides board and keep, Women ‘a common farm work rake from one franc centime (about thirty cents) up- ward, and much more during rush season. Young women between eighteen and twenty-f~'ir get the best | wages and do the most work. Get- ting enough women farm-hands has been difficult, but recruits have come from the women refugees from the devastated regions of northern France from Belgium and from Poland, The o0ld men and the boys often earn less than the women and do less work. One novel phase Geveloped by the inquiries was that the Army of Francc is largely an army of farmers. For example, in the 1908 class the young farm the ' HORLICK’S The Original » MALTED MILK Unlors X uets Subeticuion men called to «-lors’ included 122.643 farmers, or alm(st as many as from ull other brarckes, including commerce: This shows how the farmers are doing the fighting, and how the farms have been left to the women- The same proportion of farmers is in all the lcla!ses now called to the colors, up to the class of 1916. The result of the women’s work in gathering the crops 1s told in offi- cial reports of the Ministry of Agri- culture, which, although incomplete at this stage of the craps, shows -a exceptionally good general condition. The acreage in wheat has been only twelve per cent. less than last year, of farm land in northern France is now overrun by the enemy. The acre- age of rye is about the same as last | Year, and of oats a little short of last year. The vineyards have fallen °ff somewhat, not through the women, but because of wet seasons and a pest. This is offset by two exceptiona'ly good crops, 1otatoes ad forage for horses and cattle. Both of these lat- the fighting forces, the forage. So that, although this army of the women of France has fought the bat- tle at home planting and gatheriag particularly nity to the cares of the soil. But the q the crops to keep the country sus- tained, while the other army has fought the battles at the.front. Old Names For New Ships. (Cincinnati Times-Star.) Should congress provide for the construction of several battle cruisers the navy department will in all proba- bility name the new ships after sever- famous old frigates which helped make American history. The starting of a new class of ships in our navy makes possible the carry- ing out of this idea. Under the pres- ent system of naval nomenclature, battleships are named after states, cruisers after cities, and torpedo craft have been designated by useful, but not significant, letters and numerals. Communities, of course, have taken great interest in ships bearing their names, but, at the same time, the present rule has been responsible for the disappearance from the navy lists of many names which are alive with historic interest and the flavor of raval tradition. If the navy department puts into use the idea now under consideration. Americans will in a few Years glory in the spectacle of a ‘“Bonhomme Richard,” a ‘“Constellation,” or may- be a “Hartford” once more going to sea under the flag. The famous old Constitution is stil carried, although nominally, on the naval lists. As long as she wilt float, Americans will in- sist that she keep her honored place. But there are still left plenty of his- toric names which should be perpetu- ated and honored in our modern navy. ““The Tea Biscuits are “Mys. E. Glenne, notwithstanding a considerable section | ter crops are of great advantage fo | | draw from the government about $70 DEAVER RETIRES, RICH | FROM U. S. MARINES | Sergeant Major James Deaver, United States marine corps, wealthi- est enlisted man in the united servi: ces, has been retired at Seattle after thirty years' continuous service with Uncle Sam’s sea soldiers, possessing real estate, stocks, bonds, mortgages and personal property valued at more than $100,000. Deaver had no capi- ta] when he entered the marine corps in 1885 and has been dependent en- tirely on his pay as an enlisted man | and his own efforts in the accumula- tion of wealth. He will continue to a month retired pay for so long as he may live. By strict economy Dea- ver managed to save several thousand dollars in the first fourteen years with the marines, and when he was trans- ferred to Seattle in 1899 wisely in- vested his savings in Seattle realty when values were low. He sold his holdings several times and reinvested opportunely until his wealth passed the six figure mark. The wealthiest enlisted man resides and young son in their beautiful home at 4226 South Alki street, Se- attle, overlooking the waters of Pu- get sound. WATCH SORE THROATS because swollen glands or inflame membranes often affect other tissues and lung trouble easily follows. As Nature’s corrector of throat troubles the pure cod liver oil in Scott’s Emulsion is speedily converted into germ-resisting tissue; its tested glycer- ine is curative and healing, while this wholesome emulsion relieves the trouble and upbuilds the forces toresist tubercular germs and avert the weak- ening influence which usually follows. If any member of your familyhas a tender throat, get a bottle of Scott’s Emulsionto-day. Physiciansprescribe it to avert throat troubles, overcome bronchial disorders and strengthen the lungs. No alcohol or- harmful drugs. Always insist on Scott’s. Scott & Downe, Bloomfield, N. J. 15-32 as white as snow and just as flak 138th St. & Amsterdam Ave., New York D3C seLF-RAISING FLOUR For Light, Delicate Pie Crust, Biscuit, Pastry, Dumplings and Pan Cakes, ' UNUSUAL VALUES TWO SERVICES OF EXCEPTIONAL WORTH Special Masonic Service NOV. 21—SUNDAY EVENING—7:30 P. M. SUBJECT—“THE PLUMBLINE”—SUBJECT Mr. Chas. H. Johnson NOV. 28— SUNDAY EVENING—7:30 P M. Mr. Johnson is superintendent of the Conn. Re- formatory and was formerly assistant to Warden Thos. Mott Osborn of Sing Sing. Hear what he has to say on “Prison Reform. TRINITY METHODIST CHURCH ”» with his wife | Manufacturer SendsUs’ " | Sample Coats and Said “SELL” i The concern of Weinreb & Horowitz of 20 W. 27th St., York City, large coat and suit manufacturers, who cannot get supply of plush, corduroy, and other pile fabrics and mi on account of the scarcity of these materials, expresses us entire sample line of women’s, misses’ and children’s coats of w they could not deliver duplicates to stores of and asked us to them into cash for them. These Coats Go on Sale Tomorre and Next Week and Must Be Sold The assortment consists of plushes, corduroys, zebal.inec, mi tures, broadcloths and many other this Season’s materials. Women’s Plush Coats with White and black fur pollar, belt effects, all Regular selling price $25.00. Special for this Sale Full Length Plush Coats,satin lined, all sizes, large and small shawl collar, value $27.50. For this Saleat ............ .. g 3 i Corduroy Coats, in green, navy, Copen., blk, brown and taupe, latest $7 9 styles, value $12.50. Special at ........ . Silk Wide Wale Corduroy, in all shades, all Sa.t.igll.l.il.lét-‘l. large " chin ‘¢hin ol regular selling price $17.50 Special for this Sale $ 1 l .5 mixtures, value $15.00. Special for this sale, at.............. 39'9 A Wonderful asst. of mixtures, plaids and plain materials in misses’ and wome Coats, sizes 16 to 6, regular selling price would be $8.50 to $9.98. s 5 9 . Special for this Sale at ........ ) deensads Ural Ii’:m, Mattel Lamb and other warm pile fabrics coats in black - only, -with guaranteed Sol satin lining, full length‘ , sizes to.46, value p g $19.75, extra heavy and well made. Special during this Sale, at $;§°9 b ' | . Misses’ Short Corduroy Coats, in green and brown only', all lined, sizes 16 to 18. value $5.98. Special at “must be sold” selling price of this asst. that every coat buyer must see to preciate the values. : - Hundreds of other good bargains in Large Assortment of Children’s Coa Sizes 8 to 14 years, in good serviceable cloths and quilted lin also the largest asst. of infants’ coats in every kind of and colored materials, also coats for intermediate children in si: 7-8-9, at special prices. The unsold coats will be retarned an the manufacturer would rather have the cash. 100 Beautiful Mixture Coats, latest models, all sizes of good bright Starting Tomorrow We Will Clean Up Stock of FALL AND WINTER SUITS . in every new shade and style, no matter what suit ‘it may - at 1-3 off the regular prices. Come tomorrow, select your and deduct 1-3 off the prices. “IS THAT A FAIR SALE.” We must clean up starting tomorrow, nothing carried over one season to another. Don’t wait for January Sales, BUY NOW. AR SN New Arrival of White Hats for Women and Misses White, Cherry and Old Rose Turbans in the very latest fur to : g trimmed styles, worth from $1.25 to $3.00. .......... 79¢“$1.98 See our asst. Our Entire All Trimmed Hats 1-3 off the regular price tomorrow. Our asst. of white and gold Flowers also Pompons is and prices before you buy. Fur in white, gray, black, brown and ermine cooney, sold all over for 79¢ 4 5 c to 98c yard. Special‘at, yard ............. . Special Sale of $1.50 light tan and brown washable Kid Gloves for women with black stitched backs, all sizes tomorrow ......... very large. - $1.00 We are still in a position to alter or repair any of your old garments into the latest style or make you a new suit. Only skilled tailors in our dept. Every Suit, Skirt or Coat made in our tailoring dept. is guaranteed in fit and workman- ship or we will not give out the garment. Raphael’s Department Store 380-382-384 MAIN ST. “The Always Busy Store”