Evening Star Newspaper, May 14, 1940, Page 13

Text of Hull Address } Sees Anarchy Threatening U. S. as Well 'THE 'EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, 'D. G, TUEKDAY, among the most powerful instru- ments of such warfare. These and other similar policies have the effect of disrupting the chan- nels of trade, of reducing the volume of mutually beneficial for their country. It is our task to make the immense significance of international law a living Teality in the mind and heart of MODERNIZE "fl”"‘" EBERLY As Other Nations in Present Conflict Following is the text of the ads dress by Secretary Hull last night 20 the American Society of Inter- national Law at its 34th annual meeting: Fellow-members and guests of the American Society of Inter- national Law: Iam deeply appreciative of the _privilege of serving as president of this society and of opening its 34th annual meeting. All of us who, as students or ‘practitioners, are interested in this particular branch of juris- prudence, are profoundly con- aclous of the fact that today the :subject of international law has an extraordinary significance. It 18 no exaggeration to say that never before, in the entire history of the human race, has the problem of the preservation and development of order under law presented itself with such urgent acuteness. Never before has it been so fraught with import for the future of mankind. Grew Out of Protest Of International Anarchy. ‘The concept and the structure of a law of nations rose and evolved out of a spirit of protest against the ravages of interna- tlonal anarchy. In the ancient world and during the dark ages of the modern world, there widely prevailed a concept that. each nation was a law unto itself, the sole arbiter of its international conduct, fully entitled—if it pos- sessed sufficient strength—to en- gage in aggression and aggran- dizement, to destroy by armed force the independence of other nations and to subjugate other peoples. Force reigned supreme, Human liberty, national inde- pendence, confidence in safety and security on the part of na- tions and individuals were in constant jeopardy. Over long centuries, voices raised in protest against the nightmare of international law- lessness grew in strength and in- fluence, and ideas of how to achieve a law-governed world emerged more and more. Three hundred years ago, the.genius of Hugo Grotius gathered these scattered voices and ideas into & sharp focus and gave a pow- erful impetus to a new spirit, to & more and more insistent de- mand that relations among na- tions be based upon acceptance and applications of well-defined rules of international conduct— upon a body of international law. Unbridled License of Nations Checked. Since then, enormous advances have been made in the charac- ter of relations among nations. ‘There has been an ever-deepen- ing and ever more widespread recognition of the inescapable fact that an attitude of unbridled license on the part of nations— in the same way that such an attitude on the part of individ- uals or groups within nations— is bound, sooner or later, to impair their own well-being and, in the end, lead them to destruc- tion. There has been a wider and wider acceptance and appli- cation of the all-important fact. that true social progress is pos- sible only when nations in their relations with each other, as well as individuals and groups within nations, are willing to practice self-restraint and to co-operate for the greater good of all. Only thus can orderly processes exist and provide that social stability, security, and confidence, without which individual liberty and a free play of creative forces must necessarily be precarious, and the onward march of man must be halting if not altogether im- possible. Institutions have been built up to give effect and reality to or- der under law within and among nations. They have been largely responsible for the flowering of our modern civilization in the spheres of political security, social Justice, sclentific progress and economic betterment. This progress has not been achieved without stupendous ef- fort. There have been interrup- tions and setbacks. Frequently, forces have arisen which have challenged the very concept of order under law, especially in the sphere of international relations, and have plunged nations into war, the greatest of all deterrents to human progress. Determination to Rise Offsets Challenges. That these challenges and the eonditions of international law- lessness which they created have not been permanent setbacks is proof of the inherent vitality and virility of the great principles underlying the whole concept of world order under international law. These facts attest the in- domitable strength of the spirit which has been the great driving force behind the determination of the human race to rise from the darkness of lawlessness to the light of law. Today mankind is the unhappy victim of another challenge of this sort—a powerful challenge which threatens to wipe out the achievements of centuries in the development of international law and to destroy the very founda- tions of orderly international re- lationships. In the face of this challenge, it is of the utmost im- New York’s Largest $4th Street at Eighth Ave.. New York Private Tunnel from Pean. Station Every room has radio, twd and shower - Frank L. Andrews, Presideat. 2500 ROOMS 49 from $3.50 portance that every citizen vis- ualize clearly the cardinal fea- tures of international law and of order based on law, as well as the conditions which would prevail if they were destroyed. . Order under law in ‘the rela- tions between and among nations requires scrupulous respect for the pledged word. It requires fulfillment of obligations. With- out these, the whole fabric of mu- tual trust and, in fact, of civilized existence must crash to ' the grounds Without confidence that & promijse made by a nation will be kept and that an obligation assumed by a nation will be hon- ored, international relationships become reduced to the level of the jungle. All Nations Must Feel Secure from Subjugation. Order under law in internation- el relations requires that nations respect each other’s independ- ence. Unless all nations—large and small—can consider them- selves secure in this respect, they must continually live in fear of being confronted with the tragic alternatives of abject submission or armed resistance. National ef- fort must then either be half- hearted in the shadow of ever- present dread or be increasingly diverted from activities for the advancement of national welfare to the intensive creation of means of defense. Order under law in interna- tional relations requires that disputes among nations must be settled by none but pacific means, and that treaties and agreements, once entered into, be revised by none but methods of peaceful adjustment. It is necessary, as all right-thinking people agree, to the peace and tranquility of the body politic of a well-ordered state that individuals shall re- frain from self-help and the employment of force and shall settle their differences by peace- ful methods and, when necessary, by the judicial process. It is no less necessary, if we are to have an orderly international society —=a society capable of rendering the greatest amount of good to the greatest number of people— that members of the family of nations shall be governed by sim- ilar processes for the settlement of their differences. For centuries, efforts have been made to banish the use of armed force as an instrument for set- tling disputes and revising treat- ies and agreements. Extensive machinery of judicial procedure, of conciliation, of mediation and of arbitration has been built up for this purpose. The efficacy of this machinery has been amply demonstrated. It would suffice, if all nations would but resolve to have full recourse to it. Only by sincere determination to per- fect it and to use it can mankind hope to relegate the international anarchy of war to the limbo of things forgotten. Economic Warfare Leads To Social Unrest and Battles. Finally, if order under law-is to be stable and effective, it is essential that trade and -other economic relationships among nations be conducted on the principles of fair dealing and equal treatment. Disregard of these principles leads to economic warfare, which undermines the foundations of peaceful .and orderly international relations. Search for national economic self - sufficiency, discriminatory trade arrangements, failure to practice the doctrine of equality of commercial treatment are In recent years there have been . truly terrifying developments in contravention of each of these essential conditions for the ef- fective functioning of an orderly world. There has been a stage gering multiplication of ine stances in which solemn con- tractual obligations have °been brushed aside with contemptu- ous gestures and destryctive ac- tion. Powerful nations have built up vast armaments for the avowed purpose of attaining their national aims by force; and their action has compelled other nations—even those most sin- cerely devoted to the cause of peace under a rule of law, in- cluding our own—to increase to immense proportions their own armaments. Peaceful nations have been deprived of their independence by the use of armed force or threat of force, combined with the exercise of fraud and treach- ery. Conquered populations have been subjected to new refine- ments of oppression and cruelty. Economic warfare on an une precedented scale and unparale leled in its intensity has come to dominate the foreign trade and other economic policies of many nations, causing immense ma- terhklg:iosm to all nations and a mar) lowering of the stand- ards of living everywhere, Civilized World Menaced By Today’s Anarchy. The specter of a new descent into the conditions of interna- tional anarchy which character- ized the dark ages looms on the horizon today. I am profoundly convinced that it menaces the civilized existence of mankind— of every nation and-of every individual. Every nation and every individual should be ac- tively on guard. Our own Nation—powerful as it is and determined as it is to remain at peace, to preserve its cherished institutions and to promote the welfare of its citi- zens—is not secure against that menace. We cannot shut it out by attempting to isolate and in- sulate ourselves. We cannot be certain of safety and security when a large part of the world outside our borders is dominated by the forces of international lawlessness. We_cannot close our eyes to —— ATTENTION HOUSEWIVES and SPRING CLEANERS! We Need Junk! Newspapers ____40c 100 1bs. (In Bundles) Heavy CastIron__50c 106 1s. Mixed Iron______45c1001bs. Rags ___ —ee-1Vem. . Attention Plumbers, Steam- fitters, Contractors and help- ers. We meed Junk of all kinds. Your accumulations will recelve the highest cash prices. Deliver your scrap to us for top prices. Call us before selling. DI. 9504. J. R. SELIS v SONS SCRAP METALS . . SCRAP IRON Deliver to 1125 First St. NW. Watch for our ads Tues. and Thurs. @ What a vacation bargain! $36.00—J/owest cost in history—includes accommodations and meals at famous hotels and complete motor transportation in the Park. The lodge- way costs $33.50. See magnificent Yellowstone Canyon with its spectacular waterfalls, Old Faithful and scores of other roaring geysers, boiling pools, mud volcanoes—an endless variety of nature’s handiwork, unmatched anywhere else in the world. The rail fare, too, issurprisingly low this summer—only $49.30 for a round trip from Chicago. Choose from These 3 Routes ‘The NORTH COAST LIMITED speeds you from Chicago direct to Gardiner, Cody or Red Lodge gateways. Or, glide alongside the mack!fih&mghthedmmchwunuydmflgfln Mountajns. Or, go by way of cool Colorado, overnight, any night, on the DENVER ZEPHYR. You can sightsee around ‘mile- high Denver and arrive at the Cody gateway of Yellowstone Enjoy the comfort of luxurious, air-conditioned trains on any of these routes, And you get a thrilling 80-mile motor trip’ over the famous Cody Road, at no extra cost, when . you “‘Go Burlington.” For only a few dollars more, your Burlington ticket can include Glacier National Park. ‘Travel independently or join a Burlington Escorted Tour with everything arranged in advance. Either way, Burlington gives you the greatest travel value. GOING TO SAN FRANCISCO WORLD'S FAIR? Magic Yellowstone easily can beincluded in your trip in either direction. Economically, too. p=======3SIND THIS COUPON TODAY==m== 1, Dest. Phene: 1 me fres booklets interested in @ Yellowstons vacation. Pleass sead Sookists and farther information. dations of civilized existence, Must Expand Armaments To Defend American Rights. In the face of existing condi- tions, we have no choice but to expand our program of arma- ment construction to a degree necessary to provide fully ade- quate means of defending this country’s security and its righte ful interests. But if mankind is to avoid a long-continuing pe- riod of chaos and retrogression, it can only be through the firm establishment of order under law. Never before has there been a greater need for our peo- ple to place the support of & wholly united public opinion be- hind our Nation's efforts to ex- ert the great weight of its mo- ral influence in favor of s re- vindication and revitalization of the basic principles of order under law, which alone can give lasting assurance of safety, se- curity and peace, Upon those of us who devote their lives to the improvement and application of international law there devolves today a spe- cial duty. It is our task to help our fellow citizens to a better realization of the crucial im- * portance which preservation of international law and of order based on law has for them and J‘UST suppose that down the street a dealer had an automobile so close to your heart’s desire that it might have been made to your own specifi- cations. ® Rugs will be !l.l.ly Ingured 4611 Wisconsin Ave. N.W. Suppose it had the room you’ve been wanting—the big, strapping size you’d like — the imposing style and good looks and soul-satisfying luxury of ‘appointment. Suppose it had all the life and zip and action you could ask for and a big, dur- able, thrifty power plant that could match even fine watchworks for smoothness. Suppose you knew that car set the standard for real modernity and value —but just assumed that it must be out of your reach because it was so obviously good! Wouldn't it be tragic if you passed up that honey~—just because you didn’t in- quire what the prices IMV wereP Here and there that's happening, we fear. Happening because people who . + STANLEY H. HORNER, INC. 1529 14th 8¢t N.W. NAtional 5300 COVINGTON MOTOR INC. 6501 Wisconsin Ave., Bethesda, .20., ‘Wiscensin 5010 o WINDRIDGE & HANDY, INC. Va, CHestant 2015 N. Moore 5t., Resslyn, L AN . ) Repairing © Renovizing ® Modernizing Homes The Night Final Star, containing the latest news of the day during these dramatic times, is de- livered every evehing throughout the city and suburbs between 6 P.M. and-7 P.M. Telephone Nationel 5600 for immediate delivery. DOMESTIO. . . 322 350 ORIENTAL. . . i35 8375 ‘This coupon may be used in payment for any cleaning aAnd storage order amounting to $5.00 or more. » This offer expires May S0th. U0 O 00 want Buicks aren't getting the actual facts. Maybe you didn’t know that there are five 1940 Buicks at five different price ranges. That every one of these has a big, husky, straight-eight engine electrically balanced after assembly by Buick’s own exclusive process. That soft, stout coil springs are found on everyone—thatevery one has recoil- mounted Knee-Action, finger-flick transmission, bona fide Buick styling— features literally counted by the dozen. Maybe you didn’t know, above all, that for Buick SpeciAL models, current pricest begin as low as $895 *for the business coupe, delivered at Flint, YATTSVILLE AUTO & SUPPLY CO. mru'.‘An.mu GReenweed 4020-1-3 ¥ g 2 ; A THE WILLIS MOTOR €O. : aiui;hu-.uvumln-_-rl-n. Eberlyize the House— and Stay in It You can’t transfer sentiment to a new house. But The Eberly Plan can make the present house convenient and -modern in every respect. Antiquated fixtures can be replaced with new. The rooms that have become obsolete can be recreated into recreation rooms, sun rooms; ‘or even transformed into a revenue producing apartment — all without disturbing the family routine or sacrificing any of its dearly cherished memories. The Eberly Plan is a home-maker organization—rendering its all-inclusive service with its own carefully trained craftsmen—operating with only ONE moderate overhead; and performin ALL the work with only O responsibility—OURS. Efficient and economical, whether it is simple repairing, renovizing or elaborate modernizing. . T'he Eberly Financing Plan is a handy means to a desired end. A. Eberly’s Sons HO8 K N.W. %% DI 6557 91st Yeur Before You Invest—Investigate That even when you add transporta- tion based on rail rates, state.and local taxes (if any), and optional equipment and accessories, delivered prices are the lowest ever on such value. ° But all that’s true. You can prove it any day by asking for a demonstration that costs nothing, and involves no obligation. So why take a chance of missing some- thing gorgeously great that could be yours for the trying? Do something, and do it now—go see your Buick dealsr! FPrices subject to change, withost motice. EMERSON & ORME 17th & M Sts. N.W. District 3108y TEMPLE MOTOR CO. 1500 King St Alexandria, Va. Alesandria 3055 4