Evening Star Newspaper, June 3, 1937, Page 10

A—10 .THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. GTON, D. C. = h et e June 3, 1937 NOYES J'Edi'or — WASHI THURSDAY THEODORE W The Evening Star Newspaper Company. 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave New York Office; ast 42nd S Chicago Office: 4 Rate by Carrier—City and Suburban. Regular Fditlon. AhS v adisiindey Siar whe EVening and Sun ity ronih or 15 per week The Evening Star 45¢ per month The Sunday Star —_._ _____ Night Final Edition. ne si c per month 10c per week -5¢ per copy Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance, Maryland and Virzinia, Al Gther States and Canada, day 2.00: 1 mo., $1.00 1 mo., %5c 1 mo., b&0c How Much Is Involved? It would have been enlightening to the ressions of right- 1ation over tax-dodging, some of the amount in revenue st tc the Government through 1 tax avoidance of slick “so-called leaders of the ures presented by Mr. t losses in reve- to $100,000,- om loopholes in the law er than wicked connivance between and clients pe from obliga- Morgenthau's case histories ainies suggest that possibly as much as $2,863,000 may be involved. h a rough nate is con- fact that in some cases Morgenthau, the to avoid tax ly were not suc- reat wealt h s 1al amounts as the Preside involved in to one's cou But there ce of obligations ial or otherwise. teral question of why ch a rush by the Vi of taxes. ittle deeper It is furnis v the belief on the part of many we citizens that they have been singled out for persecution and punishment for politcal—not reve- nue-raising—purposes. Thus singled out, they e shown a natural inclination to escape. The present surtaxes in the higher in- come tax brackets—affecting only a small proportion of income tax payers— are political, not econom in their try re. It is a qu ion whether the dim! ing returns is not as volved as the evasions of the law in accounting for the drop 1s under estimates. Less than nt of individual income tax ers pay taxes on incomes in excess of $25000, although they pay well over total individual income taxes The members of this small 7 feel they are bearing a dis- proportionate load and seek to avoid it, especially by the purchase of tax- exempt securities, which probably repre- sent the most widely utilized form of “tax evasion.” By all means the loopholes left in hurriedly, carelessly-drawn “soak the rich” revenue acts should be closed. By all means the wealthy tax-dodgers should be brought to bock and perhaps sent to join Al Capone at Alcatraz. But s are what we pay for civilized society” there is a moral obligation on the part of the Government to increase the number of direct taxpayers, cutting down in some reasonable proportion the mumber of those who now get their clvilized soclety free. That would re- quire considerably more political cour- age—and produce considerably more revenue—than a grand and colorful round-up of a few rich tax-dodgers. But it would teach the people what their Government is really costing them, as well as end the pleasant fiction that such excessive costs can he taken out of the hides of the wicked “so-called leaders of the business community.” is a col than shed, at least in par ——— Who recalls those scorching District days of long ago when John Citizen's only permissible concessions to this tropical climate were an “iron collar” of slightly lower build, a hard straw hat, black secrsucker coat and either a black umbrella or palm-leaf fan, or both? —— Consider the Hawk. Those who fatalistically complain about the anarchy of nature are invited to consider the hawk. Dr. Arthur Cleve- land Brent of the Smithsonian Institu- tlon recently has directed attention to the high degree of ornithological civili- pation which the red-shouldered variety of the falconidae family has attained. A zepresentative example of the tribe, he says, “gets married very young, and, unlike most of the feathered philander- ers, never deserts his wife. He stakes out a home and does not leave it. He even puts up no-trespassing signs made of fresh sprigs of evergreen.” Human contemporaries, it seems, might do worse than be mindful of the hawk’s philosophy of matrimonial law and order. But Dr. Brent caps the climax of his report by citing one of the bird's habits which is downright marvelous in its implications. He declares that it is A | Fascist blockade. | Spanish the custom of the species to decorate the cradle of its fledglings with violets! Such a gesture, certainly, is poetic in char- acter. And the point may be stressed, even labored perhaps, in the interest of the amenities of life in the homes of “‘the lords of creation.” Under the strain of modern conditions in the world the average human scene is apt to be colorless, commonplace and unromantic. People follow a routine pat- tern of existence, taking each other for granted. Indeed, there are families in which it is considered “bad manners” to manifest affection. To illustrate the difficulty, an anecdote of local origin may be mentioned. A clerk in cne of the Government departments encountered a colleague in a bus and, seeing him laden with flowers and candy, jnquired: “Wed- ding anniversary?” “Oh, no,” was the answer, “merely pay d: “If I did that,” affirmed the first speaker, “my wife would think I was drunk.” His friends smiled: “Why not try the ex- periment? It's really great fun.” No argument is needed to point the moral. The hawk knows the value of good manners and kindness in domestic prac- tice. Also, he understands the signifi- cance of a theoretically useless senti- mentality. It creates pleasant memories, if nothing else; and the heart, as it happens, lives on remembrance. R No European War. While the European situation, sur- denly complicated by Germany’s high- handed reprisal against Spain, still con- tains explosive possibilities, there are reassuring indications that danger of a general war has abated. Italy has taken a perilous step in ordering her Mediter- ranean fleet to prevent munitions and supplies from reaching the Valencia gov=- ernment. That action is aimed at Soviet Russia, but diplomacy has gone promptly to work to obviate what would amount to an Italian blockade of Spanish ports, doubtless with German participation. Meantime, both Germany and Italy have withdrawn from further connec- tion with the international naval patrol, although the two dictatorships continue nominal membership in the London Non-Intervention Committee. They will abandon even this tenuous contact with other *“neutral” powers unless cast-iron guarantees are forth- coming that foreign shipping will be immune from Spanish attack. Sympa- thizing with this demand, Great Britain is moving to bring about joint naval action to give it effect, as a practical off- set to threatened establishment of a With both Germany rushing reinforcements to waters and maintaining a truculent attitude toward the Loyalist regime, there is apprehensive recogni- tion that speedy steps are required if and Italy | the shattered “hands-off Spain” pro- gram is to be rehabilitated in time to avoid catastrophe. Italy and Germany, under the international patrol scheme, undertook to watch Spanish govern- ment-held coastal territory. Their re- nunciation of that assighment leaves unguarded a considerable region through which fresh sinews of war, especially of Soviet origin, could reach the Loyalists. Hence the zeal of Great Britain, acting in close co-operation with France, to hasten a situation which will remove the chance of Italo-German-Russian complications and immeasurable other consequences. Amid these fluctuating maneuvers and alarms “over there,” the influence of the United States has been thrown into the breach in behalf of peace. Without in any sense projecting the slightest sem- blance of American intervention, Secre- tary Hull urged both Berlin and Valencia to seek a warless solution. It may be assumed that similar representations, if and when desirable, would be made to Rome and Moscow. The hour every- where calls for coolness, caution and conciliation. The American people have neither desire nor intention to become embroiled in the latest complications arising from the Spanish war. They would resent any action, however altruistically conceived, that went be- yond disinterested affirmation of the United States’ hope for a peaceable set- tlement of the conflict exclusively by the parties at interest in it, which de- cidedly do not include this country, o The main boom of the challenger En- deavour II recently broke. Perhaps one of the reasons for the change over to the triangle rig was because these fragile floaters could not stand the gaff. oo The British inch and the American inch do not precisely correspond, ac- cording to officials of the Bureau of Standards. Possibly because the trans- Atlantic cousins add an ’ ———— There are, all told, only about six hundred “G-men.” However, in the case of this Light Brigade, its ranks are unlikely to become depleted because “some one had blundered.” N Remembered Dogs. Formal burial of a dog, it seems, stirs derision among those unfortunates who, sadly enough, never have had canine friends. But a majority of men and women probably understand the grief which motivates the decent and honor- able interment of the remains of a brute companion. In any case, there is ample precedent for such a policy of respect and affection. Among the epitaphs in the “Greek Anthology,” as translated by Prof. J. W. Mackail, may be found this sentiment of an unknown author: “Thou who passest on the path, if haply thou dost mark this monument, laugh not, I pray thee, though it is a dog's grave; tears fell for me, and the dust was heaped above me by a master's hands, who likewise engraved these words upon my tomb.” And the poet Simonides, quoted in the same volume, was not ashamed to have penned these lines for a Thessalian hound: “Surely even as thou liest dead in this tomb I deem the wild beasts yet fear thy white bones, huntress Lycas; and thy valour great Pelion knows and A THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON splendid Ossa and the lonely peaks of Cithaeron.” Later prophets likewise shared the universal instinct, St. Bernard of Clair- vaux Is reported to have sponsored the common axiom: “Qui me amat, amet et canem meum,” usually rendered in Eng- lish as: “Who loves me will love my dog also”; and Erasmus, brightest of Dutch philosophers, echoed the thought with approval for modern times. In search of explanation, a reader may turn to Alexander Pope's bitter commentary on human faithlessness: “Histories are more full of examples of the fidelity of dogs than of friend: But the basic value involved is the power of remembrance. People are sen- sitive. It hurts them to think of a de- pendent creature once dear carted off to nameless destruction. They want thelr memory of the lost pet unspoiled in their hearts; they know that they cannot forget, and they prefer to re- member without remorse. Hence, dog cemeteries, mocked by a few, but tol- erated if not indorsed by many. The idea may be silly in the judgment of the cynic, yet it can be defended as a symp- tom of the love which mankind shares with One who notes the fall of the merest sparrow. o The latest local murder mystery promises to develop features that will tax the ingenuity of all the super- sleuths and crime analysts of the various Jjurisdictions within which it conceivably falls. The State of Maryland and the Federal Government will probably not clash in the effort at solution. P, Neville Chamberlain, Great Britain's new Prime Minister, begins his regime with a parliamentary defeat on a pro- posed tax on rearmament profits. He withdrew the bill in the face of opposi- tion. That is perhaps the surest sign of statesmanship, to avoid a definite re- verse. D Japan is changing prime ministers at a rate that promises to challenge the French record of seven “governments” within a year. At Tokio, however, there is no such multiplicity of blocs as pre- vails in Paris, for at least in form Japan adheres to the two-party system. e The office of poet laureate of England is certainly not an overpaid sinecure. John Masefield gets $350 a year as a salary, with $135 in addition in lleu of the “butt of sack” which is the tra- ditional perquisite of the first singer of the realm., R Shooting Stars. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Pictures in the Paper. Here's a diffident confession That has struggled for expression As the printing presses greet me day by day I admire the fine oration With its vast illumination When a great investigation's under way. But the genius photographic That reveals a smile seraphic Is what gives true satisfaction to recall, And in spite of all the glories Of the jokes or bedtime stories I like the Pretty Pictures most of all. When a serious committee Sends to countryside and city The results of an investigation deep I tremble and I shiver At the warnings they deliver Of the power that's at work while others sleep. But amid the lofty learning To which all the world is turning T like the Pretty Pictures best of all. So please be kind and gentle In the moment sentimental, When the camer#man is asking for a pose, For names make news 'tis certain; Yet we like to draw the curtain For the human touch that Art will oft disclose, So despite rhetoric thunder And the hints of tragic blunder That relate to man's experience, great or small, In the course of an inspection Of the journalist's collection, I like the Pretty Pictures best of all! Clowning. “When I was a boy,” said Senator Sorghum, “I wanted to run away and be a clown in a circus.” “That would have greatly disappointed your parents.” “They felt that way about it at first. Later on they wished I had succeeded in being a regular high-salaried clown instead of making myself amateurishly ridiculous in politics.” Frivolity Triumphant. His arguments were bold and strong, They didn’t help a bit. He told a joke and sang a song, And made a real hit, “Ambition is commendable,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “but not when it eventually discloses itself as envy in disguise.” A Pretender. “Bliggins is a great fisherman. He reads everything he can get hold of on the subject of fishing.” “Yes. A man who sits around and reads as much as he does can't fish much.” Common Humanity. Now have we not become polite As we with interest intense Hark to the details of a fight Along with patriot eloquence! To the same plane folks high and low Approach. Prize fighters making good Do to each other, blow by blow, ‘What statesmen sometimes wish they could. “De man who trusts to luck,” sald Uncle Eben, “is liable to feel like an- other victim of misplaced confidence.” 1 . % ' Senator Depew and the Shutter of a Hotel Window To the Editor of The Star: Lucy Salamanca, some time ago, in The Star, wrote of Congresses of the past and of the men who loomed large in the long ago. Naturally, lack of space for- bade her to mention everybody who was anybody, omissions were unavoidable. There was Chauncey Mitchell Depew, who only a few years ago (1928) died at a great age (94). He was Senator from New York (1899-1911) and at one time also a strong candidate for the Repub- lican nomination for President (1888). In his politics the affable Depew—famed as a story teller and even pronounced “a peach” by the tough “guys” of New York's East Side—was as hardboiled as any of them. He was “big business” all over. But in his personal contacts with underlings he was certainly a kindly old gentleman. I know. ‘When in Washington he often stopped at the Willard Hotel. One evening about 11 o'clock, this writer received a call to come to a certain room. I went. There sat the Senator, then about 90, and there facing him sat his beautiful wife, much, much younger than he. They objected to the light from the outside and asked to have the wooden shutters closed. As it happened, only a few of the rooms had them, and I—the only man on duty for such late work—didn't know a thing about these contraptions. Sizing up the situation, I could make neither head nor tail of it. Sparring for time, I told Mr. Depew that I would have to go back for tools. That took about 15 minutes. Re- turning, I fumbled around in great style, but I didn't have the least idea of what I was doing. The two were watching me, of course. “Was my face red?” It was. Laboriously rising out of his rocking chair, the “peach” came over. Mister, please let me have that screwdriver. I'll see what I can do.” Within about 2 seconds he had everything shipshape. Handing me back the tool he also proffered me a quarter. I certainly hated to take that money. “Why, Sena- tor, you did all of the work. You earned that money yourself.” “Just take it,” smiled the lady, “Mr. Depew wants you to have it.” “Good night and thank you very much.” *“Good night” from both Now some “high muck a muck” would have reported me for asinine incompe- tence. This would have got me fired, or at least a good “bawling out” would have been in order., FRED VETTER. ——— Prohibiting Injunction of Peaceful Picketing To the Editor of The Star On the 28th of May there appeared in your paper an item under the heading “Court Bars Move Against Picketing.” It reads, “The case involved the picketing of Phil's Grill by the Hotel and Restau- rant Employes Local No. 781.” The pro- prietor asked the court to enjoin the union, contending there was no bona fide labor dispute involving the employes, and the picketing was against the wishes of his employes. The union claimed that the restaurant was being picketed be- cause of the discharge of a bartender last month, and as a result of the picketing the proprietor claimed his business had been reduced one-third. In refusing to enjoin the union, Judge O'Donoghue said the evidence had shown the picketing was peaceful, and the lawyer for the union claimed the court had no power since the Norris-La Guardia act prohibits the injunction of peaceful picketing by a Federal Court. This writer with many others in con= nection with the foregoing wonders where this country is going to land under such a law? They can violate justice if they only refrain from smashing the windows and creating a riot. Let us suppose the White House dis- charged a cook, and the union started to picket the White House. What would happen? R. LAPPIN, Golden Rule Is Medium of All Civilized Countries To the Editor of The Star: In a certain class room last week, a student was asked: “What country do you think is the most civilized?” The child answered, “The United States, of course.” That was the expected answer and that is what all of us would like to believe, While civilization is only a relative term, yet there must be a standard and medium by which all countries can be measured by the same principle yard- stick—the Golden Rule. This applies to every living human being. All wars, pestilence, crimes and deaths should serve as an impetus to apply this principle. But does it? At best, it serves only to increase the efficiency of wardom, vary the kind of pestilence, make the crimes more horrible and the deaths more inevitable. Do the recent floods, traffic casualties, airplane crashes, explosions, crime wave, etc., mean anything or are they just an- other series of fatal events? What does Congress think about it? Many of these events could have been averted. All resulted from acts of omis- sion or commission of men. AUBREY J. CARPENTER. . Congress on Whole Has Been Fair to Veterans To the Editor of The Star Recently you published a letter from Mike Chetrovich, complaining about war risk insurance. Congress, as a matter of fact, has just extended war risk insurance and on the whole it has been more than fair to veterans in general. But the great white father, whose antipathy toward them has not gone unnoticed, continues to step on us. JOHN B. ROGERS. R ] Knew His Subject. From the Chicago Daily News. That Indiana farmer who preached his own funeral sermon at least had the advantage of being familiar with his subject. ———— Neutrality. From the Newburgh (N. ¥.) News. The problem of neutrality nowadays seems to be mainly a problem of drawing up laws that will permit us to enjoy all the profits of peace without running any of the risks of war. e Not Quite Convincing. From the Indianapolis News. Spain has formed a win-the-war cabi- net, but even that may not be regarded by Europe's puzzled statesmen as con- clusive. 4 Proud Race. From the Grand Rapids Press. . We are a proud race, refusing to sur- render our independence, pride and man- hood except to make money. - = One-cent Francs, From the Charleston (W. Va.) Mail. If the franc should drop to 1 cent many more tourists could afford to visit France. But if the franc should drop 1 cent probably no one would wish to visit France. A ' D. ¢, THURSDAY, JUNE 3, 1937. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Last year at this time the 17-year- locusts were attracting the attention of all persons interested in Nature—and of many who weren't. This year some of the annual locusts have appeared, and they look remark- ably like the others to the unpracticed eye. There is no high-pitched drone in the trees, though, no fire-engine siren shriek at the end of the ditty. After all, it was that unmistakable cry in the treetops which set the cicadas apart, and helped make them one of the real natural wonders. * Kk ok K Do you know a bird whose call is re- markably like that of a giant insect? It is the flicker, whose long drawn out “quirt, quirt, quirt, quirt, quirt,” rapidly ascending and then descending, for be- tween 20 and 30 repetitions, sounds very much like the song of some of these “hot bugs” which make the famous welkin ring on humid Summer nights. The flicker is a nice bird, but it has an outrageous song. Some persons have rendered it as “wet, wet, wet, wet,” etc., but it is dif- ficult to read that word into the sounds. Prof. Mathew, in his book on the music of the wild birds, gives it the reading of *“quirt,” and that is much nearer. * Kk ox X Actually it is a very unpleasant sound, it seems to us, not in the same class with the tiny wren's ecstatic measures, which it somewhat resembles. It lacks the clear, bubbling quality of the latter. The flicker's sounds are more noise than song. Really it becomes a sort of minor nuisance, until one stops to realize that music demands some dissonance. The crow is much more entitled to the appelation “song bird” than the flicker, at least according to our ear. There is something eminently satisfy- ing in the “caw, caw” of the big fellow. Scientifically, the crow is a song bird, owing to the development of his throat muscles, which put him in the classifi- cation. Actually he has a much better voice than the flicker. Yet the latter un- doubtedly is a song bird, too. ok ok % One might think this bird with the red patch on his neck a veritable hen cackling over the laying of an egg. He makes this long sound at all hours of the day, but, in common with most birds, prefers the evening, when he re- doubles his efforts It is possible to have flickers in the neighborhood without hearing this call. Evidently it is a nesting song. If one accepts the territorial theory of bird songs. wherein the song is supposed to be a literal “staking” of the bird's claim to so much territory, one must admit at once that the flicker does a rather handsome job of it. Tree stubs are perhaps the favorite nesting place of this bird One might live six or seven years in a neighborhood without once hearing the call noted above. but let a tree die, and the trunk cut off at from 10 to 20 | STARS, MEN feet from the ground, a flicker family is almost sure to show up. * % k% This bird is, of course, a woodpecker. If any one should ever doubt this classification he would admit it shortly after wetching the male bird drill into the stub, and soon dig out a perfectly round hole, with plenty of space be- hind it. The nest we are familiar with is about 12 feet high on the stub of an old Nor- mandy poplar which was killed by the severer Winters of 1934-35-36. Since the trunk held the radio an- tenna, it was allowed to remain. This Spring the flickers found it, and within a few days two nests had been established, one at the height given, the other three feet above it. Just why the birds prefer the stumps we do not know, unless it is easier drill- ing, owing to the lack of life, the co- hering force. * ¥ Kk X Flickers are rather large birds, being about 11 inches long, as the ornithol- ogists insist on measuring them. The red crescent on the nape of the neck is plainly uisible, and is the best distinguishing mark. These birds are among the most avid ant eaters, and may be recognized from this habit, in most cases, even by an ob- server, who has never seen a flicker be- fore. They love to eat ants crawling over the rough bark of the locust tree. They will spend minutes at this pastime, eat- ing their way along carefully all up and down the trunk. They are much more familiar than most members of the woodpecker family seen in these parts. o ok % While other birds are being discussed by the watchers, some thought should be given to the faithful robin. He is so common that many persons tend to forget him. Try observing him at dusk, just before last light. That is a favorite robin time, as with most birds. He may be seen poised on the lawn, watching for the last worm of the day. Straight as a small statue he stands, eves eagerly watching for the slightest twitch of the ground. Down goes his strong bill, up comes the worm, down goes the worm. x x ox X We have missed this year the fine sight of wood thrushes running around over the lawn at twilight time It may be that the small feeding sta- tion still kept in operation, with its daily guests of English sparrows, a pair of doves, and four pigeons, keeps them away. The doves are most fine birds, but the others can scarce be called a good ex- change for thrushes. Still, one must take what comes to a feeder The turtle doves are favorites. Their call is pleasing, after one gets used to it. The mournful quality seems to vanish, after one has listened to doves for a certain length of time, and what is left is pleasantly monotonous, as if the creature were saying to itself, “This is a | pretty fine song, why should I va So it never does. AND ATOMS otebook of Science Progress in Field, Laboratory and Study. BY THOMAS R. HENRY. A hidden disease which the syndromes of at least 50 better known diseases and is confused with them in diagnosis is being uncovered by Dr. Maurice C. Hall of the National Institute of Health. It may affect as much as ten per cent of the population of the United States. This disease, known in the world for a long time, but supposedly very rare until the recent investigations of Dr. Hall and Dr. Benjamin J. Collins, is trichinosis, or infestation of the body by the larvae of a tiny worm which is found in raw or poorly cooked or cured pork. Their first findings were announced before the American Association for the Advancement of Science last Christmas. They had examined nearly 2,000 bodies of persons dying in 24 hospitals scat- tered all over the United States. They found evidence of trichinosis in more than 12 per cent, although not a single case had been disgnosed as such and all had died from other causes. How far the trichinae infestation was a con- tributing cause of death cannot be estimated. The reason why this prevalent malady has remained kidden, Dr. Hall says in a paper just published by the Public Health Service, is that the symptoms it causes are easily and naturally con- fused with those of other conditions. What they are depends on what part of the system is infested with the tiny worms. The list prepared by Dr. Hall is nightmarish: Intestines: Gastroenteritis, constipa- tion, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdom- inal pains, cold sweats, hot flushes, in- testinal hemorrhages, fever. Such a case may be diagnosed as typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever, cholera, cholera mor- bus, intestinal influenza, malaria, pto- maine poisoning, food poisoning, gas- trointestinal catarrah, appendicitis, col= itis, peptic ulcer, gall bladder involve- ment and acute alcoholism. Blood stream and muscles: philia, oligemia, oligocythemia, hypo- tension, leucocytosis, splenic enlarge- ment, anemia, edema in various parts of the body, dyspnoea, orthopnoea, dia= phragmatic breathing, pleurisy, cough, hiccough, asthma, hemoptysis, pneu- monia, dysphagia, aphonia, laryngitis, myositis, myalgia, furunculosis, cuta- neous eruptions, urticaria, rose spots, des- quamation, sweating, apathy, lassitude, somnolence or insomnia, anorexia, con= Jjunctivitis, corneal ecchymoses, my-= driasis, photophobia, diplopia, pulse often slow by comparison with height of fever, albuminuria present or abse_nt. indicanuria present or absent, positive diazo reaction, casts in urine, positive Kernig's sign, loss of patellar and Achil- les’ tendon reflexes, neuritis, rigor, per= sistent or remittent fever, and men- strual disturbances; diagnosed as arth- ritis, rheumatism, rheumatic fever, der- matomyositis, pelvic inflammatory dis- ease, pleurisy, asthma, upper resplrntory infection, pneumonia, laryngitis,, con- Junctivitis, nephritis, multiple.neurms. intercostal neuritis, angioneurotic edema, syphilis, tuberculosis, undulant fever, tetanus, scarlet fever, measles, mumps, influenza, frontal sinusitis, erysipelas, and lead poisoning. Larvae in heart.—Symptoms: Myocar- simulates Eosino- ditis, systolic murmur at apex, cardiac lability, and dicrotic pulse; diagnosed as myocarditis, rheumatic myocarditis, endocarditis, or other heart diseases. Larvae in brain and meninges—Symp- toms: Encephalitis, meningitis, cephal= algia, hemiplegia, delirium, and coma; diagnosed as encephalitis, meningitis, tuberculous meningitis, and poliemvelitis. In many cases, Dr. Hall admits, the trichinosis may give no clinical symptons and have very little effect on the person's general health, Ko saysy “In any invasion of a host by a para- site, the parasite brings to the conflict 1ts appropriate weapons of offense and defense and the host in turn brings to bear its weapons for the destruction of the parasite. The war rages. with i gains and losses, in this and that of the host terrain and from the con- flict the patient emerges triumphant— perhaps with little injury, perhaps scar- red and doomed to a shortened life Obviously such a weak spot in the host defenses as an already weakened heart may turn the tide of battie in favor of the parasite, with the war terminat- ing in death of the patient—with no suspicion on the part of the physician of the parasite that worked the essen- tial injury. “Between light infestations, producing zoological, but not clinical trichinosis, and heavy infestations, producing severe clinical trichinosis, there is an unstudied no-man’s land of infestations of inter- mediate degrees of all sorts. These probably make up the majority of all cases, “The material for study is obviously at hand almost everywhere in the United States, and notably abundant in such Iocalities as the New York-New England area and the west coast.” Dr. Hall gives two tests for the presence of the trichinae in the system, both ad- mittedly inadequate, but the pest at present pvailable. He urges that they be used by physicians whenever there is the least reason for suspicion. The Na- tional Institute of Health, he points out, will co-operate with physicians in mak- ing such tests. They should, at least, give a better picture of the prevalence of the infestations than the autopsies. ———— Fairness to a Prisoner. From the Worcesier Gazette, ’1_'hsy have a new law in New York Which permits a jury to recommend life Imprisonment instead of the death pen- alty, in convicting a person of first-de- gree murder. The jury's recommenda- tion, however, is not binding on the Judge. So, in the Westchester County Court the other day, when this recommenda- tion was made by the jury which had Just brought in a verdict of guilty against Novio Santoro, the prisoner had ho assurance that he wouldn't be sen- tenced to death. As his lawyers promptly moved for a new trial, this held up the sentence in- definitely, and he had the prospect of waiting for weeks or months in uncer- tainty regarding his sentence. It was at this point that County Judge Gerald Nolan went out of his way to relieve the man'’s apprehension. “It would be unfair to keep you in doubt,” the judge said; and told him, it & new trial were not granted, he would be sentenced to prison, not to death. A spirit of fairness and consideration is no unusual thing on the bench, but the Incident presents Judge Nolan in an agreeable light. With death in the offing, uncertainty can become a refined form of torture. Hard-boiled criminals are expected to take it as a part of what they have com- ing to them. But justice is not dulled by the demonstration that a judge is endowed with a humane and under- standing mind. ——e—s. Timely. From the Indianapolis News. Some of the steel workers evidently struck while the iron was hot. — e Promising Infant. Prom the Indianapolis News. One trouble about a liftle N. R. A, {5 that it may grow up to be a big one. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. A reader can get the answer to any question of fact by writing The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D, C. Please inclose stamp for reply. Q. How early were transcontinental trips made by motor busses?—L. F. G. A. In 1928 the first bus from Los Angeles to New York made the trip in 5 days and 14 hours. Q. Are the people of the United States increasing or decreasing in weight and height?>—C. G. B, A. There has been a marked increase in both height and weight in the United States in recent years. Measurements of 8694 men and 4,124 girls at the Uni- versity of Cincinnati in 1916 and 1935 show that freshmen now are younger, taller and heavier than they were 20 vears ago. The reasons are better nutri- tlon, less communicable diseases, better standards of living and higher average health intelligence. Even in 20 years there have been definite racial better- ments. If figures were available for 100 years ago the gain would be very marked, Q. How long has Justice Cardozo been a lawyer?—C. R. F. A. He was admitted to the bar in 1891, Q. How long will the eclipse of the " sun, on June 8, 1937, last>—T". C. A. At one point in its path, in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, it will last 7 minutes 4 seconds. At the points of observation selected—Peru and a tiny uninhabited atoll in the Pacific—Iits duration will be between three and four minutes. Q. How many different kinds of musi- cal instruments are there?—B. T. A. A precise enumeration has never been made, but at the forthcoming musi- cal exposition at Moscow there will be between 900 and 1,000 different kinds. Q. What is the name of the London church in which no sermons are preached and no hymns are sung?—R. E. A. It is the Chapel of the Ascension, near Marble Arch, Hyde Park. The walls are hung with pictures of re- ligious significance, and there are seats from which to view them and cushions to kneel upon in prayer. The church is open daily. Q. What college had the first course in library training?—E. M. A. The first school for the training of librarians was established by Melvil Dewey, at Columbia University, New York City, in 1887. Q. Who was awarded the Daniel Gug- genheim Medal for 1937?—E. W. A. The aviation award was made to Dr. Hugo Eckener. Q. When did Lenin die and by whom was he embalmed?—J. W. C. A. Lenin died January 21, 1924, and a commission was appointed for his em- balming. The head of this commission was Prof. V. P. Vorobiev, who used the method of Prof. Melnikov-Razvedenkov, Q. Is there an animal agouti?—J. M. A. The agouti is a rodent allied to the gulnea pig and common in the jungles of Eastern South America. It is about the size of a rabbit, has a rudimentary tail and ranges in color from yellow to brown. called the Q. Is there a Federal law requiring railroad companies to preserve their pay roll records?—R. N. G. A. The Interstate Commerce Commis= sion orders, effective July 23, 1935, re- quire railroads to keep their pay roll records permanently. Prior to that order the records had to be preserved for six vears. Q. What is Satsuma ware?—K. B. B A. It is a famous variety of Japanese ttery. It is pale yellow and has minute crackles in the glaze. It is rich= ly painted and lavishly gilt. It was wide- ly manufactured in the last century at Awata, near Kioto. The cracked ap- pearance is partly due to the process of firing. Q. What was the method of treating wounds developed during the World War by Dr. Alexis Carrel>—M. R. S. A. With Dakin he invented the Carrel- Dakin method of treatment of wounds by irrigation with neutral sodium hypo- chlorite solution. Q. How many cigarette wrappers were sent in by participants in the Old Gold puzzle contest?—E. H A. Ninety million wrappers were re= turned. Q. Who was Casabianca?—W. M. A. Louis Casabianca was a French revolutionist and naval officer. At Aboukir Bay, in 1798. he was in com- mand of the Orient, which caught fire. He refused to quit his ship and his voung son refused to desert him. This event is the basis for Mrs. Hemans' poem. Q. In what motion picture did Ruth Chatterton appear first?>—E. M. A. Her first screen role was in “Sins of the Fathers.” Q. What period in United States his- tory was known as the “Era of Good Feeling?"—W. J. A. The name was applied to the period from 1817-23, when the Federalist party having declined, there was little open party feeling. The phrase was coined at the time of President Monroe's good- will tour through the North. Our Presidents And Their Wives ‘What do you know about our Presidents and their families? Who was the young- est man to be inaugurated President? ‘Who was the oldest? Which President was a bachelor, and who was his White House hostess? A distinctive 48-page illustrated booklet gives such interesting facts about all of the Presidents and their families. An indispensable reference book for every home library. Send your name and address with 10 cents to cover cost, handling and postage. Use This Order Blank and Mail. The Washington Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. I inclose herewith 10 CENTS in coin (carefully wrpped) for a copy of the booklet, PRESIDENTS AND THEIR WIVES. Street or Rural Route