Evening Star Newspaper, January 6, 1937, Page 6

CRACK-DOWN PLA CURBS AGCIDENTS = Evanston Enforcement Offi- cor Proves Efficacy of Rigid Rules. What progress has been made in the last year in combating the automobile trafic menace through= out the country? What still needs to be done? The answers to these and other questions are contained in a series of articles, of which this is the third, written by an experi- enced newspaper man who visited a number of cities to make a com- prehensive survey. BY BLAIR MOODY. ‘EVANSTON, IIl, January 6 (N.A. N.A.).—There is one proved method, wvailable today to any city, by which the tragic ‘toll of traffic deaths can be cut—by cracking down—hard!—on drivers who commit specific violations causing most actidents. This, in brief, is the formtla fol- lowed by Prank M. Kreml of Evans- ton, IIl, the most effective enforce- ment officer this country has known since the horse-and-buggy days, whose system has brought highly satisfac- tory results in a half dozen progressive ecities. There never will be enough police officers to enforce the letter of all traffic law on all drivers, Kreml says. ‘He declares that spasmodic traffic *“rodeos,” which herd scores of drivers into court for harmless, technical vio- lations and then suddenly die out, are worse than useless. What is needed is intelligent, selective enforcement. Arrest the dangerous violators—and sock them! If this were as simple to carry out s it sounds, officials in many cities would be open to severe censure. And if it is no simple matter, can it be done at all? Definite Technic Effective. The answer is that the most effec- tive life-saving enforcement can be" achieved only by application of a defi- | nite, modern technic—and that it has worked wherever this technic has been spplied. So successful was Kreml's system in Evanston, where it cut auto deaths | from 23 a year to 2, that the automo- tive industry established him as head of a training school for police officers at Northwestern University, and pays his expenses while putting his proe gram into any city that requests it. Kreml went to Syracuse in 1934. In 1935 that city won the National Bafety Council's national award. He went into Bridgeport, Conn., and ac- cidents dropped 27 per cent. In his first six months in Louisville traffic fatalities went down 23 per cent. He has started working in Cin- cinnati—known, with Detroit, as one of the two best governed cities in America. ‘The basis of Kreml's program is that the police can't enforce traffic laws intelligently unless they know what they are doing—and why: and that, therefore, the first job of any police department is to find out Wl violations are causing Most cities make at at "mve-unm‘uugmfi. and a promise when compared to ldmmc and aggressive “Northwest= Wmtxumlhndmmmrcmu equipment—a camera, tape line, de- celerometer (brake tester), first-aid kit and flares—and then show them how to get the facts on an accident. “The more information we can get, the better chance we have of finding out the cause of the accident and cor- recting it,” Kreml says. “We try to reconstruct what happened; how fast the cars were going, for example, by the skid marks; whether any violation was committed. lure to Analyze. “Most cities analyze only about 40 per cent of their accidents, and these incompletely. They are inclined to the the serious ones and let the others go—which does not give a true picture of what is going on and, particularly, why. Almost any minor accident might have been serious.” Reports made by many investigating squads are ridiculous, Kreml says. Like “two cars collided” or “car hit bi- cycle, throwing boy to pavement.” They tell nothing. To be of any use reports must tell the whole story. The second step in Kreml's system comes after proper records have been accumulating in a city for a period of some 60 days. He then returns to the city and aids in an analysis of the records, which show the “where” and “why” of crashes, instructing officers on the key points. From this analysis it can be determined where the police should “bear down" to best advantage. “The next step is to call in all motor cycle and foot traffic officers and ac- | quaint them with the real situation, | what violations to watch for and how to handle them,” Kreml says. “Par-| ticularly it should be impressed on them that their function is not just to write tickets, but to protect the | public. From that point on, accidents start to decline.” A couple of years ago, under aus- pices of the National Safety Council, & “model enforcement program” was tried for 30 days in several cities, with no public announcement. The number of officers on traffic | was increased. They were centralized | in high-accident areas. They were on duty in hours when accidents were occurring. (When Kreml went to Ev- anston he found 70 per cent of acci- dents occurred after 4 p.m, but 80 per cent of traffic officers went off duty at 4 or earlier) Particular at- tention was given to violations which were causing accidents. Ticket-fixing was stopped. In Chicago this resulted in a drop ‘ox 12 per cent in accidents in 30 days; |in Akron, Ohio, 40 per cent; in Des IMoLnes, Towa, 50 per cent—and this was in September, a month when ac- | cident records ordinarily zoom. In the same period, officers were taken off traffic duty in Minneapolis. Acci- dents increased. “You can’t lay out a selective pro- gram unless you know what the score is—and that means a modern accident | bureau,” Kreml said. | “It has been an axiom of police work for years, if a burglar is running loose in a city, to make detailed reports on THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, what he takes, where he works, how squads, having established the facts of an accident, seek to de- termine whether a violation has been committed. If so, they prosecute, whether the injured party (who may have collected damages and be willing to drop thc case) wants to or not. “One reason we have cut accidents is that drivers involved know nu"y:lg it caused an accident? “Out of 1,503 investigations in Evanston, we made 511 arrests and obtained 411" convictions. Before the |1y investigation squad was started 62 hit- run drivers were reported in & year, of whom 11 were caught and 5 jailed. Afterward 93 were reporud ins yenr 80 caught and 72 jailed.” Krem! believes all accident investi- gation should be handled by trained D. C, WEDNESDAY, men. He advocates training and one scout car in four or ve, and having that car answer all t calls within the area that adl.mmvaldbewwthe larger number of untrained squads. The cost of equipment is comparative- small—$55 & car. It is not neces- sary to add men to the force merely to mm L3 m”m of officers as “traffic experts. “The first-aid angle is often over- loond Kreml says. “Sometimes po- cemen needlessly kill people who are mjund in accidents because they don't JANUARY morrhage. (Copyright. 1936, by the North American Newspaper Allisace, Inc.) Originated in 1839. & $1,000 appropriation by Congress. i Save 25% to 50% 5 If You’re Told to “Alkalize” TRY THIS REMARKABLE “PHILLIPS” WAY THOUSANDS ARE ADOPTING SIMPLY ALKALIZE YOUR STOMACH WITH PHILLIPS MILK OF MAGNESIA. THIS NEUTRALIZES THE EXCESS ACID ALMOST IMMEDIATELY. 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