Evening Star Newspaper, January 6, 1937, Page 2

WAGNER 1S HEAD OF BANKING GROUP Glass Keeps Chairmanship of Appropriations Body, Adams Public Lands. BY the Associated Press. Senator Wagner of New York was chosen today by the Senate's Demo- cratic Steering Committee to head the powerful Senate Banking Committee. The New Yorker was named after Senator Glass of Virginia, the com- mittee’s ranking Democrat, decided to retain the chairmanship of the Ap- propriations Committee. ‘Wagner’s change will make Senator Adams of Colorado chairman of the Public Lands Committee. Senator Russell of Georgia probably will head the Immigration Committee, succeed- ing Senator Coolidge of Massachusetts, who did not seek re-election. Senator Robinson, Democratic leader, announced the Steering Com- mittee had approved a flexible com- mittee ratio worked out by him and Senator McNary, Republican leader, which would permit incumbent Re- publicans to retain important com- mittee posts. The flexible ratio will allow seven Republicans to stay on the Foreign Relations Committee, including Sen- ators Vandenberg, Republican, of Michigan and White, Republican, of Maine, who would have lost out by any fixed ratio agreement. FACULTY PAY RAISED CHICAGO, January 6 (®).—Walter Dill Scott, president of Northwestern University, said today members of the school’s faculty had been given salary increases of 10 per cent each. The increase, President Scott said, was made possible by a $7,000,000 gift from the late Roger Deering. ‘The gift was the major part of $7,435,- 415 contributed to the University in 1936 by 3,132 alumni and friends. In addition, $1,000,000 was given by Geore Herbert Jones to Wesley Memo- ral Hospital, an affiliate of the uni- versity. Anonymous donors contrib- THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, Washington | |FRANK CHARGES [ MRS. ROOSEVELT Wayside Tales Random Observations of Interesting Events and Things. ‘TRAVELER, B 'ORD comes to the column of a Mrs. Townsend, who lives in the Argonne Apart- ments, and who is not the kind to sit and remember just because she is in the 70s. She is the liv- ing proof that travel broadens one, even when it happens to be purely intra-city journeying. Mrs. Townsend is a traveler. Weekly she buys a street car-pass and every day that her program permits, she takes a ride. She has been every- where that a street car or bus can take her, and that is quite a few places in Washington. No matter where she goes, she finds the place worth the visit. And she never lacks for something interesting to report to the theoretically more active members of her family when they come home at night. * x % % LOST. Senator William E. Borah of Idaho, who has been in the Senate Jor about 30 years, was discovered in the corridors of the Senate Office Building some distance from his office the other day, overcoat over arm, hat on head, peering about in a mystified way, as if looking for something. Finally he hailed the nearest person and asked: “How do you get out of here?” He was directed to the nearest exit. * x o % NOTES. THE junior member of the drama staff can't quite figure it all out. He decided to clean off his desk the other day, and amidst a two-month- old pile of “handouts,” back numbers of Variety, motion victure press books Chairman of Wisconsin U. Board Asks Retirement of President. By the Assoclated Press. MADISON, Wis.,, January 6.—Har- old M. Wilkie, chairman of the Uni- versity of Wisconsin regents, presented his case against Dr. Glenn Frank to- day in a 15,000-word document asking the retirement of the university presi- dent. ‘Wilkie told the board, as Dr. Frank's ouster hearing opened, that the case against him was “simply overwhelm- ing.” “He should have been wise enough to resign,” Wilkie said, “But he con- sidered by publicity he could put enough pressure on the regents to retain his position. In this he has been, and I think is, and should be, mistaken ” Wilkie enumerated his charges in detail. His specific accusations were: That for five years Prank has lacked the confidence of most members of his faculty and the State officials with whom he must deal. ‘That the university was a “splendid institution” when he took charge of it 11 years ago, but has made no prog- ress since. That Frank’s reputation as an edu- cator was acquired only after he came to Wisconsin and that he has not lived up to the prestige the uni- versity has given him. That the president has spent a large part of his time working on outside interests in violation of an agreement made when he assumed office. ‘That Prank permitted the State to pay for unreasonable household ex- penses of his family and looked after his own income without regard for the financial welfare of other university employes. ‘That the president dodged responsi- bility on scute administrative prob- lems that required firm executive action by leaving everything up to the regents. Prank was prepared with a long and old newspapers he discovered a uted more than $100,000, President Scott said. King (Continued From First Page.) least 6 of the 12 are expected to be' successful, and there are 3 vacancies to be filled. To Remain on Committee. ‘The only members who have in- dicated a willingness to remain on the committee are Representatives Nore ton, Democrat, of New Jersey, chair= man; Palmisano, Democrat, of Mary- land; Jenckes, Democrat, of Indiana; Kennedy, Democrat, of Maryland; Randolph, Democrat, of West Vir- ginia, and Dirksen, Republican, of Illinois. Although Chairman King is in line for the chairmanship of the Immigra- tion Committee, if he wants it, that post probably will go to Senator Russell of Georgia if King decides to remain at the head of the District group. Senator Bridges, newly-elected Re- publican from New Hampshire, ex- pressed willingness several weeks ago to accept appointment on the Dis- trict Committee, but Minority Leader McNary was not prepared today to announce Republican assignments. Senators Glass of Virginia and Tyd- ings of Maryland, both of whom have had long service on the District Com- mittee, denied today they have taken steps to leave the committee. Robinson announced Senator Wag- ner of New York would be new chair- man of the Banking and Currency Committee and that Senator Glass would remain as chairman of Appro- priations. Representatives Ellenbogen, Demo- crat, of Pennsylvania and .Nichols, Democrat, of Oklahoama are among those who no longer care to serve on the House committee. Representative Patman, Democrat, of Texas also is expected to be given a new assign- ment. Quinn Is Included. Others known to be anxious to re-! ceive new assignments include Quinn, Democrat, of Pennsylvania; Hull, Pro- grassive, of Wisconsin; Reed, Repub- lican, of Illinois, and Cole, Republi- can, of New York. Two of the three existing vacancies on the committee are due to defeat in the November elections of former Representatives Fenerty, Republican, of Pennsylvania and Werner, Demo- crat, of South Dakota. The other was caused by the refusal of former Rep- resentative Carpenter, Democrat, of Kansas to run for re-election. Vacancies on the committee as well as the new committee assignments are expected to be announced within the next few days. Chairman Norton will then arrange for an organization meeting of the committee, which prob- ably will be held next Wednesday. There has been no indication as to the House members who will draw assignments on the committee. Sev- eral, however, are seeking the as- signment. £ One is Representative Keller, Demo- erat, of Illinois, who at the last ses- sion of Congress joined opponents of the so-called “red rider” to the 1936 District appropriation act in fighting for its repeal. Urged to Seek Place. Keller said he was urged to seek the appointment by educators in ‘Washington and Illinois, so he would be in a better position to aid the impending battle at the new session of Congress for repeal of the rider. ‘There are other motives, however, behind Keller's request for an assign- ment on the District Committee. “It is my opinion,” he said, “that ‘Washington is not only the Capital of the Nation, but the Capital of the world, and I feel it would be a mag- nificent service for any man to per- form to see that this grand Federal city is taken care of properly. That's one of my principle reasons for want- ing to be on the committee.” As soon as the District Committee 45 organized it will plunge immedi- ately into action in an effort to get bills on the House calendar in time for consideration on the first so- called “District day,” now tentatively set for January 18. ‘Two measures already have been referred to the committee. One is the bill introduced by Kennedy pro- viding outright repeal of the “red rider.” The other was introduced by Chairman Norton at the request of the Policemen's Association. It is designed to give police officials au- thority to assign precinct detectives to any bureau in the department. Both of these bills died in the last Congress, 2 1 {“I haven’t seen the child. note that has him brooding. 1t is an innocent and ordinary look- ing sheet of paper, with just a wom- an’s name and address scribbled on it. And the cryptic note, “3 gr. children— no father—no food.” Just what that has to do with theaters is what has the poor lad brooding. * % Xk % LOSER. NE of the town’s “eligible” bach- elors tells how a party he did not attend nevertheless cost him $3. He was not invited. His best beloved was. He told her she'd better not attend— not, of course, becaue he resented her going with another, but because she had a bad cold. She went anyhow, the cold grew much worse and she was put to bed. Our unfortunate and oversentimental hero sent roses. Price: Three dollars. * x * *x BAD MAN. "THE office bogeyman stopped in & Connecticut avenue gift shop last night to get a card to accompany a gift to a girl & week old. The sales~ girl went through her stock accom- modatingly, offering suggestions. little baby.” “That won't do,” the beast growled. | I don’t | know if she’s sweet or not.” “They're all sweet,” she insisted in- dignantly. And when he laughed she walked away in a huff and left him to do his own choosing. * x X % DIVIDED HOUSE. A dignified elderly woman who got on a bus on upper Connecticut avenue the other morning was She | handed him one headed “To a sweet | statement to reply to Wilkie's charges. Inaugural (Continued Prom First Page.) formulate plans for collection of the remainder. The fund is to be re- turned to subscribers if receipts from sale of grandstand seats, iraugural programs and the like meet the bills. It was announced today that two special trains will bear Gov. Lloyd Stark and 1,000 other Missourians, in- and dance to be given by the Missouri State Society at the Willard Hotel. Representative Cannon of Missourl, president of the society, said two ball rooms at the Willard had been leased for the reception. The plan for having State societies entertain visitors from home at in- augural receptions and parties was | suggested by Commissioner George E. | Allen in lieu of the inaugural ball, which will not be held this year. While the list of distinguished visitors who will attend the inaugural ceremonies continues to grow, name of former President Hoover is still missing. In addition to subscriptions pre- viously reported, Fleming announced the following: Acacia Mutual Life Insurance Co., $1,000; Allies Inn, $100; E. M. Amick, $100; Arcade-Sunshine Co., $100; John & Co., $500; $800; Y. E. Booker & Co., $200; Brown Goodwin & Co., $250; W. F. Brenizer, $100; Maj. Ernest W. Brown, Burlington Hotel, $50. Mrs. Edward E. Clement, $10; James E Collifiower & Co., Inc., $100; Con- solidated Engineering Co., $500; -Hotel Continental, $100; Col. Lawrence C. Crawford, $200; B. G. Dent, $25; Dis- trict of Columbia Bankers’ Association, $5,000; Dodge Hotel, $250; John Dolph, $100. Earle Restaurant, Inc, $200; Joshua Evans, jr., $100; Ellett & Short, Inc., $25; Folger, Nolan & Co., Inc, $100; Franklin & Co., $75; Galt & Bro., Inc., $100; Garrison Toy & Novelty Co., Inc., $100; Ciro Gallotti, Inc., $25; Griffith Consumers’ Co., $1,000; Ger- cluding the executive's staff of 56| colonels, to Washington for the in-| augural ceremonies and the reception | the | S. Barbour, $100; Charles D. Barney | Robert Woods Bliss, | $75; | F. G. Burrough, $100; Robert F./ Cahill, $100; D. J. Callahan, jr., $50; | Co., $10; George F. Rainey, $25; Sani- | FILEDBY REGENT) - ASKS NEGRO AID Citizens Must Share Respon- sibility for Problems, Col- ored Group Told. The social and economic problems of the Negro race are ones for which every citizen of the United States must feel an equal responsibility, Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt told a large group of colored educators and lay- men at the opening session today of a three-day national conference on problems of the colored race. “Wherever an underprivileged class exists—wherever the standard of liv- ing for one group is lower than that of another, the whole community is affected,” Mrs. Roosevelt declared. “The progress of the whole section will be retarded.” Mrs. Roosevelt stressed the need for greater emphasis on better educa- tional, recreational and housing facil- ities for the Negro. She said hous- ing probably is one of the most im- portant problems, since it carries with it the question of a higher standard of living. Secretary of Commerce Roper also addressed the group, meeting at the Labor Department. He recommended that renewed consideration be given the program advanced by Booker T. ‘Washington, “who advocated as one of the worthiest ideals the fact that the Negro has as much right to cultivate race pride as any other people.” The Secretary said the National Youth Administration, which is spon- soring the conference, has done much to broaden the opportunities of youth and to assist in becoming equipped to meet enlarged opportunities. He pointed out the N. Y. A. has assisted more than 50,000 young persons in educational pursuits, vocational train- ing and in work opportunities. Mrs. Mary McLeod Bethune, founder of Bethune-Cookman College, Day- tona Beach, Fla., and director of the Division of Negro Affairs of the N. Y. A, read a message from President Roosevelt in which the Chief Execu- tive expressed regret at not being able to attend. “In the administration of the af- fairs of Government,” the President wrote, “I have continuously endeav- ored to keep in mind the interests of the Negro race as a part of the total problem of social betterment. I am sure that the results of your con- ference will prove of inestimable help in achieving this end.” Robert Fechner, director of the C. C. C. and John W. Studebaker, com- missioner of education, were scheduled to address the conference this after- | noon. ald D. Grosner, $100; Gayety Thea- ter, $50. William Hahn & Co., $500; Harri- man & Keech, $1,000; Hecht Co. $2,000; Maj. Hugh Higgins, $10; G. David Houston, $100; William L. Houston, $100; International Dis- tributing Corp., $150; Coleman Jen- nings, $100; O. H. P. Johnson, $100; Robert C. Jones & Co., Inc., $500; 8. Kann Sons Co., $2,000; D. J. Kauf- man, $50; Keystone Automobile Club, $50. A. E. Kohlhepp and M. L. Ham- burger, $25; Lansburgh & Bro, $2,000; Irwin Laughlin, $250; Louise Home Market, $10; Little ‘lavern Shops. Inc.. $50; 8. G. Leoffler Oper- | ating Co,, $300; D. H. McKnew & Co,, $250; H. L. & J. B. McQueen, Inc., $25; Mackubin, Legg & Co., $100; Carl A. Martin, $50; Mayflower Ho- tel, $3,000; Benjamin S. Minor, $100. C. C. Morgan, $20; G. C. Murphy Co,. $100; National Radio Institute, Inc, $10; H. M. Nelson & Co., Inc., $25; William Niller, $250; Marcus Notes, $200; Theodore W. Noyes, $500; Nelson B. O'Neal, $25; Palais Royal, $1,500; E. A. Pierce & Co, $500; George PIitt, ar., $25. Quality Laundry & Dry Cleaning tary Grocery Co., Inc., $2,000; Se- curity Storage Co., $1,000; Skinker & Garrett, $200; J. H. Small & Sons, $100; Robert L. Spivey, $100; Texas Co., $500; R. A. Van Orsdel, $100; Oliver M. Walker, $25; Wilmer J. Waller, $50; Washington Daily News, $300. ‘Washington Investment Co., $100; Washington Post, $1,000; Col. E. M. Watson, $500; Capt. Chester Wells, $100; George W. White, $250; Rich- ard H. Wilmer, $10; Lloyd B. Wilson, $250; Winthrop, Mitchell & Co., $100; Donald Woodward, $300. sort of wunconsciously carrying water on both shoulders. On her coat she wore the badge of one of the country’s foremost temperance organizations, but in her hand she carried a paper shop- ping bag on the side of which, in large letters, was an advertisement for a sort of garden variety beer. L 100 PER CENT. ANSON COOK, an Ohioan on & post-holiday visit to Washington, brings news to indicate that there are automobile drivers who are none too smart on the traffic laws but up on local politics. He is a member of the State road patrol and not long ago was examin- ing a group of persons applying for drivers’ permits. “Who,” he asked one applicant, “has the right of way at an intersection in the absence of signs or traffic signals?” The answer was immediate: “The county commissione: MRS. H. B. ROEMER, 83, DIES IN BALTIMORE Was Mother of Comdr. Charles G. Roemer of U. 8. Coast Guard at Baltimore. Mrs. H. B. Roemer, 83, well known in this city, died yesterday at her home in Baltimore. Funeral services will be held in Baltimore tomorrow. Mrs. Roemer’s son and only child, Comdr. Charles Gieorge Roemer, United States Coast Guard, is stationed on duty in Baltimore. His wife and young daughter Nancy reside there with him. Mrs. Roemer was the sister-in-law of the late Mrs. Annie Roemer Kas- par, prominent singer here, and the aunt of Mrs. Huron W. Lawson and Henry Roemer Kaspar of this city. Spelling Meet Tonight. A spelling bee for children of the sixth, seventh and eighth grades will be held tonight at the Mount Pleas- ant Library, under auspices of the Capital City Spelling Club. A spe- also will be held for non- the club, with & prise for v i Rayburn Puts Dynamic Talent To Work as Leader in House Resourceful | Srtmtegy Credited With Elevating Garner to Vice Presidency. Sponsored Important Legislation. Sam Rayburn, the majority leader of the Seventy-fifth Congress’ House of Representatives, is short, stocky, dynamic, bald, vigorous sponsor of five important New Deal laws, and a fast friend of his fellow Texan, Vice President Garner. Rayburn will be 55 years old tomor- row and he is beginning his twenty- fifth year in the House. He started life in Tennessee, the eighth of 11 children, and moved West to Texas with his family when he was 6. He studied law at the University of Texas, raised cattle, practiced law, went to the Texas Legislature, became its Speaker, and then was sent to Con- gress. “I am 200 per cent for Rayburn,” Garner said at the height of the cam- paign between the Texan and John O’Connor of New York for the lead- ership post. More than four years earlier. Ray- burn managed Garner’s campaign for the Democratic presidential nomina- tion and sat in the council which re- sulted in releasing the votes of Texas and California to Roosevelt in return for assurance Garner would be named for the vice presidency. In managing Garner, Rayburn, though ultimately unsuccessful, - gob everything - possible for his candidate and had to exhibit a good deal of the strategy which his friends think will make him a good floor leader. ‘The most ticklish problem which faced Campaign Manager Rayburn was the Georgia primary of 1932, in connection with which he repeated the old political adage, “I can take care of myself, but deliver me from my friends.” Garner’s friends wanted his name entered in the primary. Rayburn was quite certaln Mr. Roosevelt would win the primary. He insisted that his candidate keep out. Mr. Roosevelt, 0f course, won easily and &t the same ~ time he disposed of one opponent, Gov. Murray of Oklahoma, who was hopelessly defeated after Roosevelt fol- lowers had induced him to enter the primary. ' 'Beeame Nationally Known. The Roosevelt victory made Rayburn a national figure. His name appeared on the securities act, the stock ex- change act, the public utilities holding company act and the Federal com- munications act. As chairman of the House Interstate Commerce Commit= tee he guided all the New Deal legis- lation relating to investments, to rail- roads, and to telegraph and telephone. He fathered the motor carrier act. There was a good deal of opposition to the laws Rayburn was backing, but he hammered them through the House to passage. He has a stern face and an authoritative voice, and his head is packed with facts and information when he takes the floor to speak for & bill he is interested in. Even the most intelligent legislator can forget, however, Rayburn showed a few months after the passage of the communications act. At the con- clusion of a radio speech in the Sum- mer of 1934, Rayburn added: “Good night, Miss Lou.” The greeting, to his sister on their Texas farm, was an infraction of the provisions of the law forbidding de- livery of personal messages on the radio. “T forgot all about it” Rayburn said.’ Although he has been a nationally known figure only in recent years, Rayburn was a welcome figure in Dem- ocratic inner councils for s long time back in the Democrats’ prosperity days of the Wilson administration, and throughout the years when the Repub- licans were supreme. He became chair- man of the Interstate Commerce Com= mittee in December, 1931, at the same Speaker of the WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 6, 1937. Text of the President's Message (Continued From First Page.) ‘That challenge we met, To meet it required unprecedented ‘activi- under Federal leadership— to end sbuses—to restore a large measure of material prosperity—to givé new faith to millions of our citizens who had been traditionally taught to expect that democracy would provide continuously wider opportunity and continuously greater security in a world where sclence was continuously making material riches more available to man. Errors Held Few And Cost Cheap. In the many methods of attack with which we met these problems, you and I, by mutual understand- ing and by determination to co~ operate, helped to make democ- racy succeed by refusing to permit unnecessary disagreement to arise between two of our branches of government. That spirit of co- operation was able to solve difi- culties of extraordinary magnitude and ramification with few impor- tant errors, and at a cost cheap when measured by the immediate necessities and the eventual resuits, I look forward to a continuance of that co-operation in the next four years. I look forward also to a continuance of the basis of that co-operation—mutual respect for each other's proper sphere of func- tioning in & democracy which is working well, and a common-sense realization of the need for play in the joints of the machine. On that basis, it is within the right of the Congress to determine which of the many new activities shall be continued or abandoned, increased or curtailed. On that same basis, the President alone has the responsibility for their administration. I find that this task of executive management has reached the point where our administrative machinery needs comprehensive overhauling. Ishall, therefore, shortly address the Congress more fully in regard to modernizing and improving the executive branch of the Govern- ment. ‘That co-operation of the past four years between the Congress and the President has aimed at the fulfill- ment of a two-fold policy—first, economic recovery through many kinds of assistance to agriculture, industry and banking, and, second, deliberate improvement in the per- sonal security and opportunity of the great mass of our people. Recalls Measures To End Depression. The recovery we sought was not to be merely temporary. It was to be a recovery protected from the causes of previous disasters. With that aim in view—to prevent a fu- ture similar crisis—you and I joined in a series of enactments— safe banking and sound currency, the guarantee of bank deposits, protection for the investor in se- curities, the removal of the threat of agricultural surpluses, insistence on collective bargaining, the out- lawing of sweat shops, child labor and unfair trade practices, and the beginnings of security for the aged and the worker. Nor was the recovery we sought merely a purposeless whirring of machinery. It is important, of course, that every man and woman in the country be able to find work, that every factory run, that busi- ness, as a whole, earn profits. But Government in a democratic Na- tion does not exist solely, or even primarily, for that purpose. It is not enough that the wheels turn. They must carry us in the direction of a greater satisfaction in life for the average man. The deeper purpose of democratic gov= ernment is to assist as many of its citizens as possible—especially those who need it most—to improve their conditions of life, to retain all personal liberty which does not adversely affect their neighbors and to pursue the happiness which comes with security and an oppor- tunity for recreation and culture. Far-Reaching Problems Still Are With Us. Even with our present recovery we are far from the goal of that deeper purpose. There are far- reaching problems still with us for which democracy must find soiu- tions if it is to consider itself suce cessful. For example, many millions of Americans still live in habitations which not only fail to provide tne physical benefits of modern civili= zation, but breed disease and im- pair the health of future genera- tions. The menace exists not only in the slum areas of the very large cities, but in many smaller cities as well. It exists on tens of thou- sands of farms, in varying degrees, in every part of the country. Another example is the preva- lence of an un-American type of tenant farming. I do not suggest that every farm family has the capacity to earn a satisfactory liv- ing on its own farm. But many thousands of tenant farmers—in- deed most of them—with some financial assistance and with some advice and training can be made self-supporting on land which can eventually belong to them. The Nation would be wise to offer them that chance instead of permitting them to go along as they do now, year after year, with neither future security as tenants nor hope of ownership of their homes nor ex- pectation of bettering the lot of their children. Another national problem is the intetlligent development of our so~ cial security system, the broaden= ing of the services it renders and practical improvement in its opera- tion. In many nations where such laws are in effect success in meeting the expectations of the community has come through frequent amend- ment of the original statute. Unemployment Biggest Problem of All And, of course, the most far- reaching and the most inclusive problem of all is that of unem- ployment and the lack of economic balance, of which unemployment is at once the result and the symp- tom. The immediate question of adequate relief for the needy unem- ployed who are capable of per- forming useful work I shall discuss with the Congress during the com- ing months. The broader task of preventing unemployment is a mat~ ter of long-range evolutionary pol- icy. To th : we must continue to give our best thought and effort. We cannot assume that immediate industrial and commercial activ- ity which mitigates present pres- sures justifies the National Gov- ernment at this time in placing the unemployment problem in s filing cabinet of finished business. Fluctuations in employment are tied to all other wasteful fluctua- tions in our mechanism of produc~ L tion and distribution. One of these wastes is speculation. In securie ties or commodities, the larger the volume of speculation the wider be- come the upward and downward swings and the more certain the result that in the long run there will be more loases than gains in the underlying wealth of the com- munity. And, as is now well known to all of us, the same net loss to soclety comes from reckless overproduction and monopolistic underproduction of natural and manufactured com- modities. Overproduction, underproduction and speculation are three evil sis- ters who distill the troubles of un- sound inflation and disastrous de- flation. It is to the interest of the Nation to have Government help private enterprise to gain sound general price levels and to protect those levels from wide perilous fluctuations. We know now that if early in 1931 Government had taken the steps which were taken two anad three years later, the de- pression would never have reached the depths of the beginning of 1933. N. R. A. Tried To Do Too Much. Sober second thought confirms most of us in the belief that the broad objectives of the national recovery act were sound. We know now that its difficulties arose from the fact that it tried to do too much. For example, it was unwise to expect the same agency to regulate the length of working hours, minimum wages, child labor and collective bargaining on the one hand and the complicated questions of unfair trade practices and business controls on the other. The statute of N. R. A. has been outlawed. The problems have not. They are still with us. That decent conditions and ade- quate pay for labor and just re- turn for agriculture can be secured through parallel and simultaneous action by 48 States is a proven impossibility. It is equally impos- sible to obtain curbs on monopoly, unfair trade practices and specula- tion by State action alone. There are those who, sincerely or insin- cerely, still cling to State action as a theoretical hope. But experience with actualities makes it clear that Federal laws supplementing State laws are needed to help solve the problems which result from mod- ern invention applied in an indus- trialized nation which conducts its business with scant regard to State lines. During the last year there has been a growing belief that there is little fault to be found with the Constitution of the United States as it stands today. The vital need is not an alteration of our funda- mental law, but an increasingly enlightened view with reference to it. Difficulties have grown out of its interpretation; but rightly con- sidered, it can be used as an in- strument of progress and not as a device for prevention of action. It is worth our while to read and re-read the preamble of the Con- stitution and Article 1 thereof which confers the legislative powers upon the Congress of the United States. It is also worth our while to read again the debates in the Constitutional Convention of one hundred and fifty years ago. From such reading I obtain the very definite thought that the members of that convention were fully aware that civilization would raise problems for the proposed new Federal Government, which they themselves could not even surmise, and that it was their definite intent and expectation that a liberal interpretation in the years to come would give to the Congress the same relative powers over new national problems as they themselves gave to the Congress over the national problems of their day. In presenting to the convention the first basic draft of the Con- stitution, Edmund Randolph ex- plained that it was the purpose “to insert essential principles only, lest the operation of Government should be clogged by rendering those provisions permanent and unalterable which ought to be ac- commodated to times and events.” Must Adapt Forms to Progressive Needs. With a better understanding of our purposes, and a more intelli- gent recognition of our needs as a Nation, it is not to be assumed that there will be prolonged failure to bring legislative and judicial action into closer harmony. Means must be found to adapt our legal forms and our judicial interpreta- tion to the actual present national needs of the largest progressive democracy in the modern world. That thought leads to a consid- eration of world problems. To go no further back than the beginning of this century, men and women everywhere were seeking conditions of life very different from those which were customary before mod- ern invention and modern industry and modern communications had come into being. The World War, for all of its tragedy, encouraged these demands and stimulated ac- tion to fulfill these new desires. Many national governments seemed unable adequately to re- spond, and, often with the improve ident assent of the masses of the people themselves, new forms of government were set up, with oligarchy taking the place of de- mocracy. In oligarchies, militarism has leapt forward, while in those nations which have retained de- mocracy militarism has waned. I have recently visited three of our sister republics in South Amer- fca. The very cordial receptions with which I was greeted were in tribute to democracy. To me the outstanding observation of that visit was that the masses of the peoples of all the Americas are con- vinced that the democratic form of government can be made to succeed and do not wish to sub- stitute for it any other form of government. They believe that de- mocracies are best able to cope with the changing problems of modern civilization within them- selves, and that democracies are hest able to maintain peace among themselves. operating principles of democracy, did much to assure peace in this Hemis- phere. Existing peace machinery was improved. New instruments to maintain peace and eliminate causes of war were adopted. Wider protection of the interests of the American republics in the event of war outside the Western Hemis- phere was provided, Respect for, and observance of, international treaties . and law were strengthened. Principles of liberal trade policies, as effective alds to the maintenance of peace ‘Were reaffirmed. The intellectual and cultural relationships among American republics were broad- ened os s part of the general Peace program. In a world unhappily thiuking in terms of war, the represent- atives of 21 nations sat around a table, in an atmasphere of com- plete confidence and understand- ing, sincerely discussing measires for maintaining peace. Here was & great and a permanent achieve- ment directly affecting the lives and security of the 250,000,000 human beings who dwell in this ‘Western Hemisphere. Here was an example which must have a wholesome effect upon the rest of the world. In a very real sense, the con- ference in Buenos Aires sent forth & message on behalf of all the democracies of the world to those nations which live otherwise. Be- cause such other governments are perhaps more spectacular, it was high time for democracy to assert itself. Because all of us believe that our democratic form of government can cope adequately with modern problems as they arise, it is pa- triotic as well as logical for us to prove that we can meet new national needs with new laws con- sistent with an historic constitu- tional framework clearly intended to receive liberal and not narrow interpretation. The United States of America, within itself, must continue the task of making democracy succeed. Must Continue To Mect Demands. In that task the legislative branch of our Government will, I am confident, continue to meet the demands of democracy whether they relate to the curbing of abuses, the extension of help to those who need help or the better balancing of our interdependent economies. 8o, too, the executive branch of the Governmust must move for- ward in this task, and, at the same time, provide better manage- ment for administrative action of all kinds. The judicial branch also is asked by the people to do its part in making democracy successful. We do not ask the courts to call non- existent powers into being, but we have a right to expect that con- ceded powers or those legitimately implied shall be made effective in- struments for the common good. The process of our democracy must not be imperiled by the denial of essential powers of free Gov- ernment. Your task and mine is not end- ing with the end of the depression. The people of the United States have made it clear that they ex- pect us to continue our active ef- forts in behalf of their peaceful advancement. In that spirit of endeavor and service I greet the Seventy-fifth Congress at the beginning of this auspicious new year. FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT. The White House, January 6, 1937. Congress (Continued From First Page.) the newly elected Congress. Virtually, | it opened the second administration of President Roosevelt, although his new term of office does not begin until January 20, when he goes to the Capitol for his inauguration. The Members of the House and Sen- ate, members of the cabinet and other high ranking officials of the Govern- ment crowded the floor of the House chamber. The members of the Su- preme Court were not present. In the galleries every seat was taken and visi- tors occupied the steps in the aisles. Asks Extension of Powers. In general, the President’s message “on the state of the Union” was of broad scope and he had few specific recommendations for legislation. These will be sent later. It may be that some of them will be included in his inaugural address. Mr. Roosevelt did, however, ask of Congress its immediate retion of measures extending the life of cer- tain authorizations and powers which under the present statuies expire with- in & few weeks. ‘These include the President’s powers to use the $2,000,000,000 stabilization fund and to change the gold content of the dollar; the lending power of the Reconstruction Finance Corp., and several others, although the President did not mention any of them by name. The President asked for an amend- ment of the existing neutrality act to give him powers to deal with shipments | of arms and munitions to civil !m'-l torn Spain. The wheels already have been greased by Congressional leaders to put through a resolution dealing with the Spanish situation, and the House is expected to act on it this afternoon. Asks Deficiency Funds. The third matter for which the President asked prompt action was a deficiency appropriation. It is ex- pected that this measure will carry the needed appropriations to continue the work relief program and other relief. The President’s address was filled With pungent phrases and with pleas for the betterment of the common man. He gave in brief an account of the stewardship intrusted to him al- most four years ago. How he and the Congress had dealt with the emergency—and in co-operation—he discussed briefly. SIMPSON STORIES DRAW “PROTEST" Wallis Issues Statement in Cannes—Noyes, Author, Awaits Explanation. In a statement given to newspaper correspondents in Cannes, France, yesterday, Mrs. Wallis Simpson “pro- tested” against the recent series of articles written by Newbold Noyes, as~ sociate editor of The Star, which ape peared in The Star and other newse papers during December. Mr. Noyes, in New York, learned of the protest for the first time yes~ terday afternoon and is awaiting a re- ply to a cablegram immediately dis- patched to Mrs. Simpson requesting an explanation of the “protest.” Mrs. Simpson’s Statement. Mrs. Simpson’s statement, as transe mitted to correspondents, said: “Mrs. Simpson has protested against & series of articles published under the signature of Mr. Newbold Noyes, styling himself her cousin, in various newspapers throughout the world and has asked Maitre Armand Gregoire, an attorney of Paris, to protect her interests. “Mrs. Simpson states Mr. Noyes is not her cousin and did not come to England at her request. The articles in question were never submitted to her. Therefore, it is obvious she did not approve them by telegram or by any other means. “Mrs. Simpson states that after a conversation with Mr. Noyes she au- thorized him only to publish a “Por- trait in Words” of herself with the object of rectifying many fantastic re- ports published concerning her per- sonally. “However, Mrs. Simpson noted with amazement the actual articles far ex- ceeded in scope the ‘portrait in words.” “Mrs. Simpson states that Mr. Noyes was received at dinner by Ed- ward VIII, but that the conversation on that occasion was solely of a gen- eral nature and at no time took the confidential turn indicated by Mr. Noyes’ articles. “Moreover, neither the Duke of Windsor nor Mrs. Simpson ever gave any kind of an interview.” Mr. Noyes’ Comment. In New York Mr. Noyes made the following statement: “I am entirely unable to account for these statements credited to Mrs. Simpson. I am, however, aware of the extreme nervous tension to which she has been subjected in recent weeks. “I was asked to write these articles by both Mrs. Simpson and the ex- King. Every statement in them is true. “I have documentary evidence to establish the fact that both the ex- King and Mrs. Simpson knew that these artciles were in course of prep- aration, and approved of their pub- lication. “I do not feel that at this time it is necessary to make this documenta- tion public.” FORMER ACTRESS DIES NEW YORK, January 6 (P).— Harriette Weems, Shakespearean act- ress at the turn of the century, died yesterday in St. Luke’s Hospital. Born in 1865, she was a native of Char- lottesville, Va. After retiring from the stage she read classic drama in schools here. tion and of overproduction and the evils of monopoly, declaring that if the steps which were taken eventually by the New Deal had been taken in 1931, the depression would never have reached the extent it did. Constitutional Debate. During his discussion of the Con- stitution the President urged a reading and rereading of the preamble and of Article I of that document, which confers the legislative powers on Con= gress and also the debates in the con- stitutional convention which framed the document. He said he obtained “the very defi- nite thought” that the framers in- tended that the Constitution should not be a hindrance, but that it should have a liberal interpretation in years to come to meet changing circum- stances. Referring to world conditions, the President called attention to the great conflict between democracy and ol igarchy that has arisen as an after- math of the World War. Before the World War, he said, even back before the beginning of the century, men and women were seeking conditions of life very different from those which pre- vailed before modern invention and modern industry had come into being. ‘The World War, he said, despite all its tragedy, had encouraged these de- mands, and stimulated action to fulfill these new desires. Many national governments were unable to respond adequately, the President said, and new forms of government were set up, with oli= garchy taking the place of democs racy. The reception accorded during his recent trip to South America, the President interpreted as a tribute to democracy. “To me the outstanding observation of that visit was that the masses of the peoples of all Americas are convinced that the democratic form of government can be made to succeed and do not wish to substitute for it any other form of government.” Vice President Garner, who was desy ignated by the Constitution to preside at the joint session, led the Senate into the House chamber. Dressed in frock coat, the Vice President took his place beside Speaker Bankhead “The recovery we sought,” said the President, “was not to be merely temporary. It was to be a recovery protected from the causes of previous disasters.” He mentioned the various acts put through to meet the emergency, and continued: “Nor was the recovery we sought merely & purposeless whirring of ma- chinery. It is important, of course, at the Speaker’s dais. Senators occupled three rows of seats reserved for them in the House chamy ber. Most of them were dressed in plain business suits. Promptly at 1 p.m. Garner asked for order and explained the constitue tional mandate for the counting of the vote. He named Senators George, Democrat, of Georgia, and Austin, Re- publican, of Vermont, as Senate tellers, The House tellers were Representatives Fletcher, Democrat, of Ohio, and Tinkham, Republican, of Massachu= setts. As required by law, Garner himself . | opened the envelopes containinhg the . | electoral votes giving him aad the President four more years in office. ‘The whole ceremony took an even 30 minutes. : Representatives and Senators then sat back on the floor to await the President’s arrival. The President left the White House by automobile at 1:42 pm. for the Capitol. He was accompanied by his son James, Mrs. Roosevelt and White House aides. i The President drove up Capitol Hill through a lane of cheering people. Gathered more thickly at the Capitol itself, the spectators were held back by ropes. His automobile rolled up to s side entrance to the House wing at