Evening Star Newspaper, December 2, 1936, Page 11

.___THE NG STAR, - WASHINGTON, D. News Behind the News C.., WEDNESDAY, - DECEMBER 2, 1936.- 'HE optnions of the writers on this page are their own, not | This Chan 2 W 1 d necessarily The Star’s. Such opinions are presented in gmg 01' The Star’s effort to give all sides of questions of interest to its readers, although such opinions may be contradictory among Plea Broadens Headline Folk Doctrine of Monroe Roosevelt Speech Seeks to Bind Americas Against Foes. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. RESIDENT ROOSEVELT'S ap- peal for a united front in the two Americas against aggres- sion from nations in the other | parts of the world is sufficiently broad to be regarded as an historic enlarge- ment of the Monroe Doctrine. Hitherto, the United States has taken upon her- self the responsi- bility of warding off aggression from those powers in Europe which ¥ might take any steps that could § be construed as 3§ ‘Jeading to the i§ acquisition of a foothold ‘in the territory of North and South Amer- ica. Back in 1827, Brazil proposed that the doctrine. proclaimed originally by President Monroe, should be muitilateral, that is, it should be in the nature of an of- fensive and defensive alliance. But the United States respectfully declined then. and, in answer to successive pro- posals of a similar nature throughout the last century, stated that the Mon- roe Doctrine was a national policy. Speech Examined. Mr. Roosevelt’s speech at Buenos Aires opens the way to the conversion of the Monroe Doctrine into a policy for the two Americas. The exact| phrasing of his proposal, which, it is assumed, will take the form of a treaty at the Inter-American Conference just opened, is worth examining word for word: “In the determination to live at peace among ourselves, we in the Americas make it at the same time | elear that we stand shoulder to shoul- der in our final deliberations that others who, driven by war madness or land hunger, might seek to commit acts of aggression against us will find & hemisphere wholly prepared to con- | sult together for our mutual safety and our mutual good.” Such a declaration, undoubtedly worked out with great care by the Department of State, has a specialized meaning in the world of diplomacy. To stand “shoulder to shoulder” can- | not but be regarded as equivalent to | an informal alliance for d=fense, espe: cially as it is plainly stoted that ag- | gressor nations will find “a hemisphere wholly prepared.” | Prepared for what? The new doc- trine merely says “prepared to consult together for our mutual safety,” but a pledge “tn consult” has been re- garded in recent years as an implied pledge that the consultation shall result in collective action of some kind. In any event. the promise is that the consulting nations will look | to the “mutual safety” of all the nations in the Western Hemisphere, and this is tantamount to a state-| ment that, one nation's safety being | dependent upon another, such| measures of safety as are. decided upon will be of a united and collab- orative character. | Several Paths to Objective. ‘ It remains for the Inter-American Conference to Maintain Peace, as the session opened by President Roosevelt is called, to reduce to a formal treaty | the promise outlined by Mr. Roosevelt, but the same object mizht also be accomplished by a resolution of ad- herence adopted by all the partici- pating members of the conference. | This is not the first time that an American President has proposed a David Lawrence. | Marine Appointment Not Begrudged James Roosevelt. Loss of Million-Dollar Check Hushed Up. BY PAUL MALLON, - EWLY made Marine Lieut. Col. James Roosevelt will draw $404 per month while un active duty with the President. He gets $250 base pay, $100 for quarters and $54 for svbi'stence. Out of that, he will pay the Navy a small amount for food while aboard ship. Off-duty he will draw nothing, pay nothing. Not even the cliques of Army, Navy and Marine officers begrudged son James the appointment. He is needed by the President on trips for physical assistance, and has been helping off and on for four years without remuneration . . . It was Will Rogers who remarked when President Wilson appointed Dr. Grayson an admiral and took him to the Peace Conference: “Admiral Grayson stood his maiden voyage well” A matter of a $1,000,000 Government check, which was lost by a Pacific Coast company; has been completely hushed up. As a matter of fact it did not cost the Government anything, but the company had to pay several hundred dollars to a bonding com- pany to guarantee that the check would not be cashed bejore the Treasury would issue a duplicate. If you find it, just try to cash it. * * % % ‘The rumors going arougd about the illness of Supreme Court Justice Stone are generally imaginative. The disease usually confines a person to bed for many weeks, and is acutely painful, but rarely fatal. Physicians call it bacillus dysen- tery of the Flexner type A candidate for a big job in the New Deal worked this one: He induced a-wealthy society woman here to give a dinner at which Charles Michelson, the publicity maestro, was to be invited and seated next to him All during the evening, he poured his appeal into the helpless Mr. Michelson's good ear. What he said must have been unusually promising. He got the job. . Elliott Roosevelt, Southwest vice-president of Hearst radio, told an Advertising Federation of America district convention: “I do mot know whether to speak to you as the son of my father, or as the representative.of the Hearst interests, for, as you know, they are slightly divergent” Better syntax would have. been: “I am slightly divergent” * * ¢ All that was before son-in-law Joln Boettiger signed up as publisher of the Hearst paper in Seattle. “Divergent” is no longer the word. It means “receding further and further from each other” Boettiger was really selected as a friendly gesture by Mr Hearst to reconcile his difference with the New Deal They will be moderatly reconciled. * x x A leading labor spokesman for the New Deal says: “The union labor turmoil would be settled in a minute if the two conflicting personalities of John Lewis and William Green were eliminated.” Then he hastened to add: “Of course, there might not be much of a labor movement if they were gone.” Correction: Prof. Tugwell's name was next to last on the Farm Ten- ancy Committee because all but two of the names were in alphabetical order. No slight was therefore intended. 1f the German-Japanese alllance means only what it says, no one would worry much. But there are many unprinted as well as public tales about secret provisions. All the official denials in the world will not stamp these out. Most disturbing is the one that Germany and Japan are agreed not to play ball with any nation which is not a party to their agreement. Only their subsequent actions will prove whether this one is true. Rising demand to put all Government workers under civil service is not causing the 300,000 emergency employes much worry. The President can blanket them into civil service, or the purely political employes can take & comparatively simple civil service exam and be called to duty. It has been done before, under Re- publican and Democratic adminise trations, and will undoubtedly be dene again next year. The housing program is heading up into the szme old inside fight which has al sidetracked any effective Government plan. Sig- nificant in this resvect 1s the return of Peter Grimm 2s a m-mber of the new Hcusing Committee o1 Mr. Roper’s Business Advizo:y Council. He was Mr. Morgenthau's housing expert wiio departed this Government a year ago. * X X ¥ . Senator Thomas of Oklzhoma will assert next session that the Gov- ernment has expandec currcpcy over a billion dollars through issuance of silver certificates . . . A dark horse to be reckoned with (but probabkly not elected) in the House floor-leadership dispute is Rcpresentative Woodrum of Virginia. ‘What will some of Dr. Stanley High's churchmen say when they learn that one contributor to his Good Neighbor League was a brewer of na- tional repute? .. . President Roosevelt may take advantage of a unique opportunity to send his second term annual and budget messages to Con- gress before he is inaugurated. There is need for haste in renewing some expiring New Deal powers, (Copyright, 19:6) ‘mnce with Stallings began. | themselves and directly opposed to The Star’s. We, the People A BY JAY FRANKLIN, NE of the hot spots in the pro- | ,posed Federal reorganization | is the little matter of reform- ing the civil service. During the campaign angry cries from Topeka suggested that Roosevelt had debauched the civil service by ex- empting the New Deal’s emergency employes from the bureaucratic straightjacket which passes for civil service in Washington. ‘The only uncomfortable part of this ideal picture of a noble, spotless per- manent staff of trained officials, se- lected without spoilsmanship, was the fact that the despised emergency em- ployes did a much better job than the rank - and - file bureaucrats. They worked late and hard, they used im- egination and initiative, and where extravagance and inefficiency cropped up—as it did—often the cause was those very civil service standards which look so pretty at a distance. Top Jobs Are Underpaid. One basic reform is clearly indi- cated. The top jobs in Government are underpaid. No man can afford to take them unless he has an inde- pendent income of his own. 'nuis‘ means that millionaires must subsi-| dize the Government pay roll or that only second-raters will stick around. If the Government cannot pay big men what they are worth in a com- | petitive society, it should at least see | that a Government job pays enough to | make it financially possible for a poor | man to serve the Governmient. Generally speaking, by commercial | standards. the lower ranks of Govern- | | ment service are overpaid. Few bus-! inesses pay as high wages or assure as steady employment to clerks and | stenographers. Since this is so, there | 15 no economy motive in holding down | the salaries in the upper positions. No Career in Government. | What it means is that Government | service does not offer a career. It is | a livelinood for limpets, but bureau- cracy is no boon when a man cannot | | afford to accept promotion or to keep the job tc which he is entitled by his | administrative abilities. The second great measure is to re- vise the horse-and-buggy standards of | | STALLINGS IS DIVORCED | Wife of Playwright Leaves Reno | for North Carolina. ‘ RENOC, December 2 (A).—Mrs. Helen Poteat Stallings prepared tod: to leave for her North Carolina farm | with the Reno divorce which ended | her 17-year marriage to Laurence Stallines, playwright and newspaper She charged cruelty. | man. Mrs. Stallings is the daughter of William Louis Poteat, president emer- itus of Wake Forest College, North Carolina, on whose campus her ro- | America against war is Mr. Roose- velt's aim, but Eirope will also note that Mr. Rooseielt has prcposed a union of the Americas to resist any “ form of aggression, and this might well be construed as zn implied cham- pionsh.p of democratic processes, thouzh it is largely the moral effect | of such a decloration rather than its practical inclusion in any treaty! which will b> taken to heart by demo- cratic reoples everywhere, Basically. Mr. Rooscvelt has sought O YOU SUFEER FROM EYESTRAIN FROWN? “nd it—resicre a -ested, happy ex- pression to your Civil Service Reform Vital Point in Proposed Federal Reorganization. red tape, procedure and administra- tion. It is the easiest thing in the world to put a man on the Govern- ment payroll. To get him a travel al- lowance which will let him be used to the greatest advantage is like draw- ing teeth. And it is almost impossible to use such modern devices as tele- types and airpianes in order still fur- ther to expand his usefulness. The re- sult is, quite naturally, that the Gov- ernment wires for men to do the sort of job which these men could do more efficiently and economically if they could be used as freely as any modern business concern can use its personnel. Examinations Urged. ‘The third thing we can do is to in- stitute periodic written competitive ex- am’nations for all major promotions | inside the Government service. That's what the Navy does for its officers. ‘Those who have served a certain num- ber of ycars and fail to qualify for promotion are honorably discharged. This is pretty tough, but it's one of the | ways we employ to see that the Navy at least is on its toes. 9 No reform is possibie or can be last- ing without taking the Controller Gen- | eral for a ride. Old iron-toothed Mc- Carl did as much to wreck morale and paralyze progress as the Supreme Court itself. He is out by the grace of God, but his precedents and tradi- tions hang on in the General Account- ing Office and will be used again to entrap and entangle any future ad- | ministrator who tries to use initiative or imagination. Middle Course Proposed. Finally, there is the cuestion of se- curity of tenure. The lower ranks of civil service are too sure of keeping | their jobs, the upper ranks are too sure of losing their jobs. A middle course will have to be found if Government work is going to mean more than a | snug harbor for the routine workers | and a hopeless four years' scramble for the men on top. In the meantime, it will help Roose- velt in his mammoth job if we all get over the idea that the civil service is just dandy. Too often in the last four years it has been iust piain lousy. (Copyright 1936 ) TRAPPED BY BLIND MAN Traffic Violator Detected by S:nsi- tive Fingers. DENVER, December 2 (8).—Jess C. Emerson, 33, although blind. gave po- lice the license number of a traffic violator. Emerson, tapping his way along in a Suriday walk, bumped into an auto- | mobile parked across the pcdestrian | lane. His dark glasses were broken. | ‘The following day his tapping clne} told him another car blocked his path. | He edged to the front of the car.| There his sensitive fingers told him the number. He reéported to poiice. Officers issued a ticket to the owner. ! + shows Increase of War Danger Prods Europe Into Talk of Debt Settlement. BY CONSTANTINE BROWN. HE chances of the debtor nations paying the war debts are increasing in proportion with the increase of danger of » war in Europe The nations which told us repeatedly that we were Shylocks and that not a cent of the “exorbitant. interest” extorted by the United States for the “common victory” shall be paid unless drastic cuts are madc are now seriously contemplating the settlement of the out- standing indebtedness. There are two reasons for this change of mind of the debtor nations. One is the Johnson act, which prevents them from ob- taining credits at a time when, because of the danger of war, thew need them. The other is that they want to secure once more the g0od will of this country in the event of amother international conflagration. The French and the Italians are probably more sincere than the other debtors. The members of the present French government have opposed the policy of their predecessors who decided to welsh on their ob- ligations. Herriot, the President of the Chamber and one of the leading Socialists, resigned in 1932 because the French Parliament of that time refused to give him the necessary credits to meet the in- stallments due semi-annually. Blum and his colleagues share Herriot's views. Last Summer, be- fore the European crisis entered the prezent dangerous phase, the French premier was thinking of reaching some agreement with the United States for the refunding of the debt. He pointed out that the amount will have to be reduced and gold payments will not be possible unless there is a greater volume of trade between the two countries. But he was honest in his desire to reach an understanding with this country. The Italians want to settle their debt because the billions of surplus money which exist in Wall street are luring them. Ethiopia is worthless to them unless they have the necessary cash to exploit its undeveloped riches. * x % X There used to be a common front among the European powers to gyp Uncle Sam of the sums owing to him. This front seems to be breaking now. And the day the French and the Italians definitely make up their minds to settle the war debts the others will be compelled to foliow suit. 3 The interesting side of this renewal of settlement talk is that the debtor nations are willing to pay up now when they are in the red because of the tremendous armament expenditures, while they refused to pay when they were pretty well off financially. The French government, which for the last two vears has been fol- lowing Great Britain humbly and blindly, begins to realize that this obedience to London will get them nowhere, This explains the bellicose talks of Delbos and Blum. The French cabinet has decided to take the lead, even though it might land France into another war. * x ¥ % ‘There is marked change of feeling among the French people regardir- the possibility of their getting involved in another international conflagrs- tion. While a year ago a mobilization order might have created an interna’ upheaval, today the French individual would not hesitate to go to w> at his government’s bidding. . And = . Blum is determined to take ad- — = vantage of this psychological re- action, knowing that unless France more determination, she might lose all her allies and sup- porters. To the dictators’ club, composed of Hitler, Mussolini, Franco and the Japanese general staff, Blum intends to oppose with a demo- cratic club. and would like to make the United States an honorary member. - Because, during the iast few months the French government hz been taking it on the chin from Hitler and Mussolini, the Central European states were considering their big ally a weak sister. Now Blum wants to show them that there still is some fight in the old lady. . As a preliminary demonstration, a French military mission headed Gen. Mittlehauser went yesterday to Bucharest to attend the anni- ary of the reunion of all Rumanian provinces. Ordinarily nobody outside Rumania would have paid much attention to that celebration. But this year, after Mussolini stated hat he was in favor of revision of the post-war territorial ar- rangements, in fevor of Hungary. the Rumanian national holiday was made into a demonstration of unity between the Little Entente and France. Parliamentarians from Prague and Belgrade wen' to Rumania ar the French military mission had the lion's share in the Bucharaset festivities. - and What They Do Submarine Pioneer to Hunt Gold Ship in East River. BY LEMUEL F. PARTON. | HIS isn't good diving weather, but 70-year-old Simon Lake i35 poised for a plunge into th- | East River. The submarine | pioneer is after the gold which went down on the British frigate Hussar in 1780. It is supposed to run some- where between $1,800,000 and $4,800,- 000. | Mr. Lake is sure he located th- | Hussar a few months ago, when hi | deep-sea borer hit hard wood and ! brought up teak shavings. If ti~ Hussar had decks of teak. he woul know, as he has m nute specificatin~ | covering 7,000 suaken treasure sh, all over the world. Cost T.cubles Him. Simon Lake's submarines h-+~ {sunk more treasure than they ev brought up. That wasn't his i”c at all, and he is troubled about :* now. Romance. salvags and scientis exploration insnired him to meke I first wooden submarin~ in 1894. As 10-year-old boy. at Pleasantville. N. he read Jul>s Verne, capsized a ‘0" - boat on Tom’s River and tested his staying powers in the submerged ar | chamber. He was rescued by a fishe:- | man. Thereafter he was busv after | school hours making toy submarin-s. His wooden submarine, with a com- lpresnd air chamber made of a soca | water tank, sank nicely. A trap door in the bottom allowed him to sco~n up shell fish. Three years later h- made the Argoraut, Jr., in whicia b~ cruised thousands of miles on Ches: - peake Bay. In 1898 he got the atten- | tion of Washington by telephonin to the Capitol from the boitom of th sea. With official encouragement, brought through working submarin- His technical offices were esteb.sh- in many of the world's capitals. Catalogues Sunken Ships. In his early youth he began c: loguing sunken ships. In later ve he has been convinced that, if t submarine were scientifically used might square a lot of its destruct.o . | He says 5.000 ships have been suni |in Hell Gate since 1879. He h-s dredged up a lot of coal. still ga after 75 years of submersion, but, so far. no gold. { Mr. Lake is vigorous and sturd, with a wrinkled, knobby. weathei- beaten face, genial and friendly. FE- is as romantic as ever. and, inc - dentally. broke. He wouldn't hurt fly. and if he can make his submarin live down their reputation as kille - and make good in peace times, he going to do 1t «Copyrisht. 1956.) S SR | Gulls Freed From Ice. | OGDENSBURG, N. Y., December . | (. —Thirty sea gulls, imprisoned 1. ice on the Oswegatchie River, were freed yesterday by Game Protector. Clark Hutchinson. Hutchinson rowed out into the river in a boat and wita his hands crushed light ice that had formed about the birds. ‘The fce formed when the birds rested en the river overnight. What Roosevelt Will Do In The Next Four Years treaty of mutual guarantee. Presi- | to show the world that 21 countries dent” Wilson, after his unfortunate | Can assert themselves as a moral | experiences with revolutions in | force for world peace. | Mexico, strove to appease anti- Great Britain and France and the American sentiment among Central |other democracies of Europe cannot and South American nations by a be displeased over such a develop- treaty that went further than any- ment: in fact. they must inevitab'y It is Liberty’s privilege this week to publish the most im- portant—and by far the most exciting — magazine article of face by wearing the correctly prescribed eye- glasses. The Reg- r thing Mr. Thus, Mr. Wilson sent a circular note | to all the Pan-American republics | ‘proposing a four-article treaty. one of the main proposals being a guarantee on the part of signatory members that each would protect the territorial integrity of the other and that a “re- publican form of government” should beguaranteed to each nation by the | group as a whole. This treaty fell by the wayside, ! being frustrated by the foreign min- | ister of Chile, who insisted that the right of each country to choose what- | ever form of government it desired, | even a monarchy, should not be\ limited by any other nation. ! Doctrine Used for Intervention. | Roosevelt has proposed. ;nelcome it as bolstering up the whole cause of world stabliity. (Copyright, 1936,) LABOR LEADERS SLAIN Two Filipinos Killed in Seattle Cafe Gun Battle. SEATTLE, December 2 (#).—Two Filipino labor leaders were killed and an employment agency head critically wounced in a cafe gun battle which policessaid today grew out of a quarrel over a hiring hall for Filipino cannery workers. The dead were Virgil Duyangan, 40, and A. A. Simon, 40, president and local union. The istered Optome- trist here is al- ways on the premises—at your service. See him tomorrow! Just Pay 50¢ Weekly the year. Here is an authoritative fore- "cast written by one of Presi- dent Roosevelt’s most trusted advisers — Dr. Stanley High- which clearly states the out- standing plans for the nev ‘administration. Will Roosevelt cha tise his enemies? Will he revive th« Mr. Roosevelt is wisely confining secretary of a himszelf to the very thing the Monroe | wounded man, Baseda Patron, 25, said Doctrine was supposed to cover, they “were trying to cut in” on his namely, aggression from outside the | hiring hall. Western Hemisphere. Unfortunately, the Monroe Doctrine has been con- Don’t Throw Away Your Coupons NRA? And if so, how? Will he “crack down” on business? Will he attempt an control of the news col- umns of the press? Will he modify his liberal policies? Will he cast the lobby- ists out of Washington? What will be on his new “mus schedule? What will he do about the Supreme Court? Will he “pack” it with justices more favorable to his own policies? ‘Will the court lose its veto Does he look forward to @ power? “quiet” second term? These questions are answered explicitly and with full authority in this week’s issuc ws Liberty S5c NOwW 1004 F St. N.W. ENBERG'S 7th and K strued by various administrations m} Washington as giving the United Btates a peculiar right to intervene in the aflairs of other countries to the south of us for the purpose of bringing about internal stability and internal peace. { The theory back of this policy has been that the Monroe Doctrine im- | posed upon the United States the du- ties of a policeman in the Western Hemisphere because European nations, unable themse'ves to land forces to protect their nationals without being subject to misunderstandings of ter- ritorial ambition, looked to America | to act for all foreign citizens and their properties. . Rl does . touch pon Due to Inclement Weather this phase of inter-American rela- tions, limiting himself for the mo- MERCHANDISE Will be on Sale Again Thursda ) Will he improve the relief pro- sram? Will he balance the budget? And if so, how? Will he intervene more in for- eign affairs? Americas against invasions of any military character from Europe or Asia. One form of invasion, of course, is an attack on neutral rights, such as the United States suffered when Ger- man submarines in 1917 interfered | with American shipping. It remains to be seen how far the conference at Buenos Aires intends to insist upon | rights to trade abroad during a war. It appears probable that embargoes on | shipment of arms and strict neutrality | laws will be decided upon as one way | to ward off aggression from European | Must Plug Leaks. | Abandonment of so-called “neutral ‘ghts” seems more in line with the velt, policy than insistence upon the United States to Those Not Having Coupons vMay Secure Same at Our First Floor Service Desk along the line. “sehieve a_united front in Pan- |2