Evening Star Newspaper, October 12, 1936, Page 8

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"A-8 ¥ [ THE EVENING STAR { A With Sunday Morning Edition. wyAIIIING'l‘ON. D. C. THEODORE W. NOYES....... } —————————t / The Evening Star Newspaper Company. Bust! ce: 11th St. mdml’lc.n%vlnh A New Yorl - 110 42nd 8t. por SO, et M B itine Rate by Carrier Within the City. Resular ing Star.... flgl -nda:u::’ b 20 Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Local Budget Analysis. ‘The District auditor, Maj. Donovan, has given correct emphasis to two im- portant facts in relation to the 1938 budget, just sent to the Budget Bureau by the Commissioners in the form of tentative estimates. ‘The first is the wide margin between estimated expenditures—for normal maintenance and a minimum amount of needed improvements—and the revenues anticipated under current rates of taxa- tion and a lump sum of $5,000,000. This difference amounts to about $10,000,000. That amount must be raised, through increase of local taxation or increase of the Federal contribution or both, to give the District a balanced budget for the next fiscal year. The second demonstration of Maj. Donovan's analysis is the fact that no matter how rigidly economies are exer- cised at the District Building, the sav- ings resulting are relatively small and cannot be counted on to make any ap- preciable dent in the revenue shortages now confronting the District under the present system of financing. This fact is of great importance now. In the past sixteen years the expenses of the District Government have been mounting steadily at the rate of about 3.6 per cent a year, so that in 1936 it is costing $18,263,258 more to maintain the District and provide for some improve- ment than it did in 1920. ‘Where has the increase occurred? In practically every department of the municipal government, but principally in the cost of public welfare, the schools, the Police Department, the Fire Depart- ment, “general expenses” and the Water Department. For other departments the average increase has been about $2,300 per year. The Water Department is self-supporting; that is, it is being main- tained separately through the water taxes paid by property owners and may be considered separately. But if all the other depaftments of the municipal gov- ernment, outside of public welfare, schools, police and fire, were cut back to the level of 1920 by annual reductions corresponding to the annual increases since 1920, the savings in the budget would amount to only $200,000 out of a $47,000,000 budget. As for the schools, the school popula- tion has increased about 50 per cent in the past 15 years and the school authori- ties estimate a present teacher shortage of about 600, with building facilities far behind demand. The increase in cost of public welfare is correctly attributed by Maj. Donovan to “a new concept of the responsibility of the Government # toward less fortunate people in need of ¥ sustenance or hospitalization,” together # with the increase in population. The - . needs of the Police and Fire Departments -are, in large measure, due to the increased " population. But every increase, of course, has been ordered by Congmess. Who has paid for the great increase in cost of Capital City government? The local taxpayers. While expenses have continued to increase the national con- tribution appropriated by the exclusively- controlling Congress has steadily di- minished both in proportion to the total and in total amount. No solution of the - District’s fiscal problem is possible that does not take into account the inescapable fact that the Federal obligation to the Capital increases along with the local ~ taxpayers’ obligation and must be met v P N . @ccordingly. —————— .. Politics is a successful beautifier. It promotes sound health by exercise in the open air and provides fascinations for the camera without the use of mas- . eara or lipstick. . The Dictators’ Mantles. . It may be another case of smoke with- out fire, but it is an interesting coinci- *,dence that, respectively in Berlin and Rome, there is talk that Hitler and Mussolini are thinking of shedding the mantles of dictatorship and draping them over other shoulders. Der Feuhrer is said to be flirting with the idea of trans- ferring titular authority as head of the German government to his long-time .. chief aide, Colonel-General Goering, now Reich vice chancellor and premier of Prussia. According to recent speculation, Shich wholly lacks official corrobdration, *~ Hitler would not actually divest himself .. .of autocratic power. The plan would . merely pass some of his administrative {“"burdens onto Goering. The Nazi over- I~ lord would retain supreme command as i~ Reich dictator. Goering would reign, but Hitler would still rule. Simultaneously Rome is buzzing with reports that Mussolini, too, hankers for %+ Telief from some of the duties of bossing ¥ 40000000-0dd Ttalisns—duties which 5 comprehend half-a-dozen cabinet port- folios besides the premiership. Il Duce ¥ 18 credited with the purpose of making " his 33-year-old son-in-law, Count . Ciano, head .of the cabimet Y THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, MONDAY, OCTOBER 12, 1936. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. while permitting him to remain foreign minister. The plan is understood to be ready for submissiop to the Fascist Grand Council next month. Mussdlini would continue to be dictator under his present status of “Capo del Governo” (head of the government). In addition he has the rank and titles of prime min- ister and Pascist leader. Presumably Count Cfano would sutomatically in- herit all of his father-in-law's high commands upon the latter’s disappear- ance from the scene. Thus the con- templated steps practicelly look to crea- tion of & Mussolini dynasty. Should the Berlin and Rome dictators really rid themselves of some of the external trappings of absolutism, curi- osity will at once be aroused as to the underlying motives. There will be an obvious guess, for which in neither case is there much factual foundation, that the totalitarian-authoritarian idea is *slipping, and that Hitler and Mussolini alike consider it wise to make gestures savoring of modified autocracy. Probably a more plausible explanation is a desire to conserve their energies for presenta- tion of the Nazi and Fascist philosophies against the common foe of communism. In other words, der Fuehrer and Il Duce may find it convenient to let underlings strut in charge of detalls, while they themselves concentrate on the bigger thing. Whatever shifts take place in the office force on either the Spree or the Tiber, it will be dictatorship as usual in both places. Gas Company Ownership. Foreign owners of the Washington Gas Light Company now are facing a very severe test of their sincerity in proposing to end their control of the gas industry of the District. The non-Washington ownership 1s represented By the Washington and Sub- urban Companies, a Massachusetts trust, which holds 84 per cent of the common stock of the Washington company, and which represents the Chase National Bank of New York and associated finan- cial interests. Some weeks ago the foreign owners filed a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission, proposing to sell all its shares In the Washington company to the public. This was interpreted as a move to per- mit Washington investors to regain con- trol of their gas industry. The more cynical observers put their tongues in their cheeks, collectively, to await developments. They came. It developed that a part of the plan was for the Washington company to buy the Alexandria and Hyattsville gas com- panies, for a price of $1,375000. The two suburban concerns, as well as the Washington company, are controlled by the same holding trust. The District Public Utilities Commis- sion, after hearing facts in the case, rejected this proposed merger, holding the price proposed to be paid to the foreign banking interests to be too high for the public welfare. In other words, the commission ob- viously decided the foreign owners had tried to put the cart before the horse, If the outside banking interests are sin- cere in wishing to end “foreign” con- trol, why should they not first dispose ,of their stock in the Washington com- pany? As the deal shaped up, it looked as though the outside bankers were willing to take their losses in their stock deal- ings and give up control of the Wash- ington company if the Washington company were permitted to pay a large cash price for the two suburban con- cerns, which are now on the hands of the outside bankers. That deal, at least at the stated price, has been thrown out by the commission. Meanwhile, action by the Federal com- mission on the proposed sale of the con- trolling amount of stock in the Wash- ington company has been delayed for some time. If the foreign bankers are sincere, why should they not sell out their Wash- ington company holdings, take their stock manipulation losses and call it quits? It is rather obvious that the Washington company, when left free and unfettered by outside control, will not insist on paying such a sum as $1,375,000 for two suburban plants, one of which has never paid dividends nor even interest on the major portion of a debt of $300,000. The commission deserves credit for spiking the first move for cutting the losses of outsiders who evaded the La Follette anti-merger lew and indulged in deals in stock of a Washington utility. The next move by the foreign control will be watched with considerable in- terest. One of the objects now considered worth striving for is a system of educa- tion that will produce fewer and better lawyers. Elaborate arrangements are being made for Winter music. None of the campaign songs have gotten far enough along to be arranged as program features. New Deal Opposition. Secretary of the Interior Harold L. Ickes, speaking at a Good Neighbor League Convention at Columbus, com- plained about the miscellaneous char- acter of the opposition to the New Deal. He expressed his surprise at the spec- tacle of an alignment including the Du Ponts and the Liberty League, Father Coughlin and the Union for Social Justice, William Lemke and the radical farmers, William Randolph Hearst and his chain of newspapers, Gifford Pinchot and his independent progressives and other “incongruous and ill-assorted” elements, all of which he charged were leagued in & common de- termination to elect ‘Governor Landon. And the Secretary was correct in his analysis of the potential effect of such | down. fears concerning the result probably arise from the fact that he knows that it was exactly the same sort of combination that elected President Roosevelt in 1932. Practically all of the groups and indi- viduals listed in his indictment were “ganged up” against Herbert Hoover in the campaign of that tragic year. But Mr. Ickes forgot to mention numerous other forces hostile to a second term for his chief. He should have noted the disaffection of the clergy to whom the President addressed a political letter, the lawyers who still believe in the Su- preme Court, the bankers who do not consider themselves “unscrupulous money changers,” the industrialists whose legitimate interests are threat- ened by Government control and compe- tition, the investors whose savings are imperiled by unsound financing of Gov- ernment operations and the working classes whose plight cannot be cor- rected by regimentation. Each of these sections of the population has leaders who deserve credit for their defection from Mr. Roosevelt’s banner in the na- tional emergency which his policies of “peaceful revolution” have created. The Secretary also should have con- ceded that much of the opposition to the New Deal derives from mistakes on the part of the President and his advisers against which he himself has protested. No one familiar with the story of the past four years can be in any doubt about what Mr. Ickes thinks of his asso- ciates, Secretary Morgenthau, Secretary ‘Wallace, Secretary Roper, Attorney Gen- eral Cummings, Harry Hopkins and Rexford Tugwell. He has fought them and they have fought him from the be- ginning, and the noise of the battle has been overheard on too frequent occasion to be denied. Indeed, the wonder fis that Honest Harold has remained a member of Mr. Roosevelt's cabinet so long. A large public takes his defense of the New Deal with a grain of salt. It admires his loyafty to s cause in which he must have lost faith, but it does not make the mistake of supposing that he will be vastly disappointed if Governor Landon is elected. ———— Peace would be more readily assured if people were more easily frightened. Colleges can impart information, but they cannot supply the imagination which enables a new generation to heed the warnings of the past. Mere intensi- fication is often mistaken for improve- ment. ———— When “Uncle Joe” Cannon was alive he made a demonstration of having a good time personally, regardless of how his adverse critics might rave. He was popular because, whatever his demon- strations of power might have been, he was a loyal friend. ——————— Radio time is expensive. It is no longer practical to measure the success of a speech by the amount of applause a cheer leader can produce. — ra————— Humor is desired in pictures, but no Hollywood studio can hope to be as funny as its press agents. —_—————————— Even aircraft must get back to earth and consult real estate experts about landing space. ——————t——— Shooting Stars. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Next Morning. Have some Socialism ready, Shake it with a hand unsteady As you mix another drink Which in color will be pink. Have some Radical potation Mighty for intoxication. And for flavoring, may hap, Have pure Anarchy on tap. This will cheer a cocktail meeting, Praught with conversational greeting. But, dear friend, do not neglect On Next Morning to reflect! ‘That gray dawn is surely nearing, Silent are the songs and cheering, Then ice water you will crave For a head that won't behave. No Ghost. “Have you a good ghost writer?” “No,” said Senator Sorghum. “I have several literary assistants who seem ready to worry me into my grave. But they have not yet reduced me to the necessity of employing a spirit medium to communicate my opinions.” Voting On and On. Men are good and men are true; Some have morals rather blue; Pick 'em out as best you may, Voting on election day. 3 Some are wise and some are dumb. Look ’em over as they come. More elections you will find Ready if you change your mind. Soil. “Do you regard soil conservation as important?” “Yes,” said Farmer Corntossel. “Mud should be respected for agricultural use and not for political purposes. The way to use mud is to plow it, but not throw it.” “Generous intentions cause much dis- turbance,” said Hi Ho, the sage of China- town. “One nation, proud of its own intelligence, may be impetuous in trying to civilize others.” Luminous Mystery. - Aurora Borealis glows— ¥ What is it! X No one knows, thou;hpohrm We visit. f Strangely gleams the Light of Fame, As we greet with acclaim, We are asking just the same, - “What is 1t?” : 4 “I has listened to college perfessors,” said Uncle Eben, “dat was . but didn't know how to fix de. apparstus when de school THE POLITICAL MILL BY G. GOULD LINCOLN. BOISE, Idaho, October 12—President Roosevelt’s campaign trip into the Midwest, reaching as far as Denver, is interpreted in some Republican quarters as an admission that the .New Deal high command is worried. On the other hand it should be remem- bered that the President is fighting for re-election, and it is quite natural that he should not leave any stone unturned. On the stump he is worth a lot of votes to the New Deal cause. His speech in Omaha Saturday night, dealing with the farm problem, was a political masterpiece. He told the farmers of the country what the New Deal has done for them, as he sees it. As a matter of fact, many of the farmers see it the same way. It was the kind of speech that appeals to these Western farmers, including these in Idaho. On the other hand, his defense of the administration’s reciprocal trade agreements was not as well received. The farmers of the Northwest and the West distinctly are disgruntled over these trade pacts, which they believe have per- mitted the entry of farm products of Canada and other nations in competition with the products of the American farmer. * kX % The President undoubtedly had in mind when he went to Minnesota and to Nebraska the need of patching up dis- sensions of serious proportions in the Democratic ranks in those States. He has been regarded as a past master at healing breaches. He had a tough job, however, in Minnesota. What the result of his efforts at peacemaking in that State will be is still open to discussion. Through his own connivance, according to reports, the Democratic candidates for Governor and Senator withdrew at the last minute from the race in order to win the votes of the Farmer-Labor party for himself in the presidential race. Their action in so withdrawing has sounded the death knell for the Demo- cratic party, as such, in Minnesota, if you can believe the old-line Democrats in that State. Beyond that the apparent indorsement which Roosevelt gave toc the Farmer- Labor party in Minnesota has again raised the criticism leveled against Roosevelt that he is playing for the ultra- radical and “red” vote of the country. A subscriber to the Omaha World Herald suggested that that newspaper, which has always been Democratic in the past, but which is now supporting Landon, the Republican nominee for President, give its front page to asking Roosevelt on his arrival in Omaha Saturday whether he subscribed to the Farmer-Labor party principles. The Omaha World Herald, however, took the position that the Presi- dent was a guest of the city and should not be heckled on his arrival there. * ok K X ‘The Farmer-Labor party’s platform in 1934 in its preamble stated: “We declare that capitalism has failed and immediate steps must be taken to abolish capitalism and substitute a system where all natural resources, machinery of production, transportation and communication shall be owned and operated by the Govern- ment in a co-operative commonwealth.” The platform demanded the public ownership of all mines, water power, transportation and communication, banks, packing plants, factories and all public utilities except bona fide co- operatives. There has been nothing to indicate that the Farmer-Labor party has rescinded any of these objectives. The clear indorsement of the President of the Farmer-Labor candidates for Gov- ernor and Senator is interpreted in many quarters as meaning that he is willing to condone, if not to accept now, the principles laid down by the Farmer- Labor party in order to win votes for the Democratic national ticket. PR President Roosevelt’s emphatic and wholehearted indorsement of the can- didacy of Senator George W. Norris for re-election in Nebraska was expected. He shot the works despite the fact that in the Democratic primary in Nebraska a former member of the House, Terry Carpenter, has the Democratic nomina- tion for the Senate. The voters who supported Carpenter are sore because the administration has deserted them and backed Norris, an independent and for- mer Republican. Carpenter, writing in his newspaper, the Senator, published at Scotts Bluff, has announced: “I am in this race to stay. Certain people still persist in spreading the rumor that I am going to step out of the race. There is no power on earth, no job great enough that can be offered, no money in any amount, that could make me change my mind. I am in this race to stay, and I sincerely believe that I am going to be the next Senator from Nebraska. The fact that mighty forces are being put in my way does not deter me from my purpose, We shall see what we shall see.” Carpenter’s insistence that he will re- main in the Nebraska senatorial race is making it hard for Norris, for he will take from Norris a considerable Demo- Senate, expresses the utmost confidence that in this three-cornered race he will win, particularly in view of the split in the Democratic vote between Norris and Carpenter. He contends that he will have the entire regular Republican vote of Nebraska, which is very considerable. * % X X Senator Couzens of Michigan, another independent Republican Senator sup- porting Roosevelt for re-election, has already been eliminated from the Sen- ate. He lost his try for renomination in the Republican senatorial primary in the Wolverine State. It would be a bitter pill for the President to swallow if Norris failed to be returned to the Senate from Nebraska. * % % % Out in Oregon, Senator McNary, the Republican leader of the Senate, is cam- paigning for re-election. The Roosevelt chances for victory in that State are considered exceedingly bright, as in other, Pacific Coast States. McNary, however, has a big personal following in Oregon. He is exceedin;iy gopuhr there. L ok X One Republican Senator from s far Western State, at least, seem:‘yflrly sure of re-election, Senator Carey of Wyom- ing. The reports from Wyoming are that not only does Carey stand a very good show of being re-elected, but Wyom- lngbecarrledbyundonmmpres(- dential race. But while the reports from Wyoming are cheering to the Repub- licans, those from another Western State, Utah, are not at all good. That State at one time was a banner Repub- lican State. It was one of the few that remained steadfast in the Republican column when Taft was for re- election to the presidency in 1912. The State has broken away entirely from its old Republican moorings. A poll taken’ by the Salt Lake Tribune through the :t;.t; llmwadrnn Sunday a total of. for Roose: 35 Iarm velt and only s * ¥ k% that it - velt is re'-eleceo'Zd he 'll;lwm bemmm mnnr:-uva and abandorn some of hisk ‘The suburban bird lover need not have an inferiority complex when he reads about the 318 species observed at the bird sanctuary at Roaches Run on the Mount Vernon Memorial Highway. Naturally there are more birds in such a place. Professional ornithologists help to check up on them, too. The plain friend of birds with a small suburbun gerden will be fortunate to be able to identify as many as 40 different species, but these will be very close to his ’hun and bosom, as Lord Bacon ut it. P They will come home to him in a peculiarly distinct way, and have ter meaning for him than all the other birds he has not counted. He must remember, oo, that undoubt- edly there are more wild birds in his yard than he has ever been able to identify. Most of these will be of the warbler and sj w families. All those plain little gray birds hopping around in early Spring and late Fall probably will be distinct species, but to the average observer just some more * % k% A list of birds observed in one suburban garden is as follows: 1. Nuthatch. 2. Tifted titmouse. 3. English sparrow. 4. White-throated sparrow. 5. Vesper Sparrow. 6. Cardinal. 7. Blue jay. 8. Carolina wren. 9. Crow. 10. 11. 12. Starling. Purple grackle. Wood thrush. 13. Downy woodpecker. 14. Hairy woodpecker. 15. Red-bellied woodpecker, 16. Brown thrasher. 17. Flicker, * % ¥ ¥ 18. Carolina dove. 19. Pigeon. 20. Baltimore oriole. 21. Towhee. 22. House wren. 23. Pigeon hawk. 24, Hummingbird. 25. Pewee. . Oven bird. . Black-and-white warbler. ‘Yellow-breasted chat. . Indigo bunting. Bluebird. . Scarlet tanager. . Robin. . Catbird. . Mocking bird. . Purple finch. . Cowbird. . Song Sparrow. ., Maryland yellow-throat. . Chickadee. . Fox sparrow. . Junco. . Goldfinch. Also heard but not seen—an owl, prob- ably screech. * % % % The homeowner who is able to approxi- mate this check list, more or less (and there are thousands who can), may be rather proud of his observation. 1t is to be remembered that these birds are not seen in a month, or even in a year, but over several years. Some of them, such as the scarlet tanager, are rare sights. Others are everyday occurrences in the bird line. ‘While such a list lacks the impressive- ness, perhaps, of onn showing more than 300 species, it has the satisfaction of being entirely personal. These feathered friends listed by home observers have entered into the very life of the dwelling, in such families as have come to regard the bird life of their gardens as a veritable part of living. * *x ¥ % Occasionally you meet some person, almost invariably one of these regular orthodox “he-men” who pride themselves with a touch of self-consciousness on their rank masculinity, who professed to find something essentially effeminate about birds. Only women, he professes to believe, can take any interest in such things. He, great male, is content with his cigar, etc. Well, let him! He would be chagrined, no doubt, to know that Audubon, great bird lover, was one of the most masculine men who ever lived, yet carried in his heart and mind those essentially feminine char- acteristics—no relation to effeminacy— which make up part of the character of all men really “he-men.” It is this feminine part of the mas- culine nature which gives many writers their uniwersal appeal. * % % ‘The home check list of bird life is not only an interesting compilation in itself, but the very setting down of the names is fraught with music. Chickadee! 4 Say that name aloud a couple of times and hear some of the poetry of Nature. Man has very well caught some of the very essence of life and air in that combination of letters. Consider the towhee, otherwise called chewink, or ground robin. All three common names are beautiful in sound and interesting in appearance. All names of things have both sound and appearance. Sometimes the sound is good, but the word ugly to the eye. Occasionally the word looks good, but sounds terrible. Many of the names of flowers, birds, places, rivers and so on, are supremely beautiful, both to eye and ear. Some of them have the additional beauty of etymology of surpassing interest. That great writer, Maurice Maeter- linck, whose latest work, “Before the Great Silence,” has just been published in America, has written several essays on the essential interest of the common names of the wild flowers. The common bird names are no less interesting and beautiful. Look over the aforementioned list. It is not just a dull catalogue, but a series of vivid word poems of a few letters each. If each such name gs up to you no story, feel certain that you are missing something out of life. Get to know the birds and read Nature's short stories at first hand. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Cardinal Pacelll, papal secretary of state, paying his maiden visit to the United States, discovers, among phe- nomena now visibie in the country, that Roman Catholic priests for the first time are taking a militant part in American national politics. The arrival of the emi- nent Roman prelate coincides with the bitter campaign duel between Father Charles E. Coughlin and Msgr. John A. Ryan of Catholic University, of which. there is no counterpart on record. Priests have long been politically active in Europe, especially, in countries like Germany and Austria, where organized Catholic parties used to flourish and exercise important influence on govern- mental affairs. The old Parliaments in both Berlin and Vienna always contained priest-members. Austria a few years ago had a clerical chancellor in the person of Msgr. Seipel. The church traditionally has frowned upon its clergy mixing in party affairs over here. Many members of the hierarchy, both in Romé and in the United States, have therefore viewed with unconcealed displeasure the activi- ties of Father Coughlin, especially since he took the warpath so violently against President Roosevelt, Nevertheless, most authorities doubt whether Cardinal Pacelli’s role, while on our soil, will be anything except that of a passive, though possibly pained, observer, * x % x One gets the impression from per- formances of their various matadors on the air, apart from the presidential nominees themselves, that the Demo- crats are putting more punch into .the 1936 fight than the Republicans. ‘This is rather a reversal of form, because gen- erally the attacking forces display the greater belligerancy. New Dealers like Secretary Ickes and Works Progress Ad- ministrator Hopkins, for example, exhibit a species of two-fisted defense in radio talks, which is in striking contrast to the less red-blooded stuff of most Re- publican combatants. The Democrats, too, seem to be buying more time than the G. O. P. On the evening of October 9, when Gov. Landon spoke for half an hour from Chicago, he was sandwiched in between three Democratic periods of the same length, filled, respectively, by Ickes, former Governor Cox of Ohio and Hopkins. The game is still young and during the crucial three weeks just ahead, the sons of the elephant may trumpet to more resounding purpose. Bill Hard’s nightly shafts at the New Deal are now drawing the critical fire of the Democrats, which indicates that the G. O. P. “jeer leader,” as Ickgs dubs his one-time Chicago reportorial col- league, is getting under the donkey's hide. P Al Smith scored heavily against his New Deal detractors when he pointed out in his recent Philadelphia speech that President Grover Cleveland, in bolt- ing Bryan in 1896, set an example which o Democrat need be ashamed to follow. Smith can even cite & Roosevelt who took & walk—the great T.R., who prome« naded with historical consequences in Now that Al has cut out the personal note and returned to his 's look at the record” form, he's: going to be more of a thorn in the Roose- velt side, * % % ¥ Gov. Cox, who headed the national ticket on which Frankiin D. Roosevelt was once defeated for Vice President, is ——————————————— on Jegislation right to dictate to the citizens w it ‘activities shall be. There are i} “ifs” in this line of reasoning by the con: in as buoyant spellbinding form in his 67th year as when he fought his losing battle against Harding in 1920. The Dayton editor-statesman’s recent broad- cast was one of the most telling talks yet delivered on the Democratic side. Once upon & time Cox ranked as a Jefferson- ian who shares the same diluted en- thusiasm for the New Deal that inspires Carter Glass et al. But Cox leaves no doubt that he now fully supports Roose- velt and his policies. The Governor is a tower of campaign strength in nip-and- tuck Ohio. k%% \ Although Senator Clark, Democrat, of Missouri suggests that Senator Nye, Republican, of North Dakota played politics in releasing the Elliott Roosevelt- Fokker aircraft deal affidavit, Nye has conspicuously refrained from taking part in the 1936 presidential fracas. The Munitions Committee chairman has been friendly to the New Deal in Con- gress, but announced some time ago that he would confine his political activities this year to North Dakota local election affairs, regardless of the national contest, even though his party comrade of former days, Representative ‘Wiliam Lemke, is a candidate for Presi- dent. Nye's colleague, Senator Frazer, 1s understood to be supporting the Lemke candidacy. L Dr. Manley O. Hudson, Harvard law professor, just elected to fill the World Court vacancy caused by resignation of former Secretary of State Kellogg, has ranked for years as the foremost advo- cate of American entry into the League of Nations. He was once attached to the secretariat in Geneva and is widely esteemed there. Because of his inter- national contacts, Hudson received the highest number of nominations by na- tional groups that any candidate for the World Court bench was ever given—39, as compared to the previous record of 30 for Charles Evans Hughes in 1928. Other Americans who were place in nom- ination for the post awarded to Dr. Hudson included former Secretary of State Stimson, proposed by France, Bel- gium and the Netherlands; Dr. James Brown Scott, the candidate of Peru, and Prof. Philip Marshall Brown, nominated by Austria. X K K X Senator Borah's formal announcement that he will not campaign for Landon is a cruel blow to the Republican high com- mand. Chairman Hamilton felt assured, after the conspicuous kow-towing to the Idahoan at Cleveland, that Borah sooner or later would lend his stentorian influ- ence tp the Kansan's cause. Republican leaders laid particular stress upon the Senate veteran’s active support, as a desirable counter balance to the aid which Norris, La Follette and other Progressives are giving the New Deal. DEEES Not only are Roosevelt and Landon now electioneering in the same Mid- . western territory so vital to victory for either of them, but next Thursday they may actually pass each other in almost head-on collision. The prospective point of contact is Senator Vandenberg'’s home town of Grand Rapids, where, accord- ing to'present train schedules, the Sun- flower Special will pull out of the Union Statidh ghere just about five minutes befora New Deal caravan rolls in. I vernor’s train is a bit late or s special a little early, the il y find themselves once again undeg‘the same roof—this time, of a w shed, instead of the Capitol at M es. i (Copyright, 1936.) ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN, A reader can get the answer to any question of fact by writing The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J, Haskin, Director, Washington, D, C. Please inclose stamp for reply. Q. How many criminals are there in tais country?—J. W. A. The Federal Government records 5,000,000 persons in its criminal files, and estimates that 500,000 professional crimi- nals are at large. i Q. Why is the rooster used as the Democratic emblem?—E. R. W. A. The bird is regarded as heralding victory and also the dawn of & new day, Q. Who started the fad that caused so many young ladies to kiss Admiral Rich- mond P. Hobson?—L. H. A. A recent article in the New Yorker states that at a reception given for Admiral Hobson in Chicago in December, 1928, two young lady cousins of his kissed him and that the other ladies in the line followed their example. The craze for kissing the hero of the Spanish-American ‘War proceeded to such extent that can- -’ dies called Hobson's kisses were named for him, and during one visit to Kansas City he was kissed by nearly 550 women. Q. When did Russia start her second Five-Year Plan?—W. B. H. A. The second Five-Year Plan began on January 1, 1933. Full schedules were not adopted until late in January, 1934. * Q. How long has railroad stock been E:gdnon the New York Stock Exchange? A. In 1829 the first train was moved by an American steam locomotive in this country. A year later the first railroad , stock—that of the Mohawk and Hudson Railroad—was listed on the Stock Ex- change. Q. Are the writers, Dorothy Canfield and Dorothy Canfield Fisher the same person?—S. P. A. They are. Mrs. Fisher uses her maiden name, Dorothy Canfield, as a novelist, and her married name, Dorothy Canfield Fisher, when writing articles. Q. How many of the States are in the birth registration area?—M. P. C. A. All of them are. The last to join was Texas in 1933. Q. How large an acreage does it take to constitute a farm?—W. B. A. In taking the census, anything from three acres up is considered a farm. No tract smaller than this is recorded as a farm unless it produces $250 in crops annually. Q. How much money is spent by people attending conventions in New York City? —F.D. A. In a year conventions bring a half- ® million persons to New York, who spend $45,000,000, Q. Please give a biography of Dr. E Stanley Jones, who is now preaching in this country—J. L. H. A. Eli Stanley Jones was born at Balti- more, Md., on January 3, 1884. He was graduated from Asbury College, Wilmore, Ky., 1906; A. M., 1912; D. D., Duke Uni- versity, 1928; 8. T. D., Syracuse Univer- sity, 1928. In 1911 he married Mabel Lossing of Dubuque, Iowa. Since 1907 he has been evangelist ‘to high castes of India: ‘Elected bishop of M. E. Church in 1928, but resigned to continue mis- sionary work. He is the author of many books, among which is “The Christ of the Indian Road,” which has been trans- lated into 12 foreign languages. ! Q. How old is the pueblo at Acoma, N. Mex.?—J. H. A. Acoma was visited by members of Coronado’s exploring party in 1540. After Oraibi, Ariz, it is believed to be the oldest continuously occupied town in the United States. Franciscan missionaries N labored in Acoma as early as 1629, later establishing San Estevan Mission. ; Q. What is the name of the new odor= less cabbage?—J. L. | A. It is marketed as savoy cabbage. ‘ Q. Is it true that Charles M. Schwab, steel magnate, was once a stagecoach driver?—G. H. A. As a boy Mr. Schwab drove stage from Loretto to Cresson, Pa. Q. How are teas classified?—J. K. A. Teas are invoiced or classified under 38 designations, representing varieties or phical names. More than 95 per cent consists of the following: Ceylon, India, Java, Formosa Oolong, Sumatra, Congou, Japan dust, Ping Suey green and Japan black. Q. Please give the year of birth of Lynn Fontanne and Alfred Lunt—J. G. A. Lynn Fontanne was born in 1882, Her husband's birthdate is 1893. Q. Is King Edward having Buckingham Palace redecorated before he takes resi- dence there?—J. H. A. Lady Mendl has been chosen to re- decorate the palace interior. She directed the furnishing of the King's country home, Fort Belvedere. Q. What is the famous clock in Beau= vais, France?—W. M. A. The astronomical clock is on the Cathedral of St. Pierre at Beauvais, France. It contains 90,000 separate pieces and has 52 dials, mounted in a gilt oak case 39 feet high. At the top a cock crows and flaps its wings; above there rises a turreted castle. —_——ree Speeding Up. Prom the Morgantown (W. Va.) Dominion-News. Spain has been so long in a decline that her people thought they would hurry the process up a bit with a civil war, Gossip. From the Paducah (Ky.) Sun-Democrat. If people gossip about you be certain to feel important. Gossip is only in- teresting when it's about important people. A Rhyme at Twilight By Gertrude Brooke Hamilton Autumn. ‘The dusks are.shorter, and starlight Has the glitter of coming cold; Partridge berries and crimson sumach Are coloring all the wold; The graceful swallow southward fiies, And on the grass a light frost les. The grapes hang ripe on the arbor In clusters of purple delight; There’s a sparkling rime on the pump- kins, Z And the wind *blows keener tonight— Onfl:“mhwrnhgtm-m Whose flames nilght be Summer’s fu- neral pyre, i 1

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