Evening Star Newspaper, July 24, 1936, Page 8

" A8 * THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. ceeame--July 24, 1936 THEODORE W. NOYES..........Editer The Evening Star Newspaper Company. Business Office. 11th 8t and Pennsylvania Ave. ciethe Oee (S Michigen Butigin Buropeen e s Rt e London Ensiana. Rate by Carrier Within the City. Regular Edition e Evening Star _-45c per montb vening and Su; 60c per month o 4 sindayilo and Sunday 65¢_per month -5c per coby . Night Final Edition. Night Final and Sundav Star__.70c per month Night Final Star _ ____—___"_55¢ per month Collection made af the end of each month Orders may be sent bv mail or teleohone Na- tional 5600 Rate by Maill—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. $10.00; 1 $900 1 00: 1 All Other States and Canada. Daily and Sunday__1 sr. $12.00: 1 mo. Daily only__ yr' 8800 1 mo. Sunday galy’ $500° 1 mo Member of the Associated Press. mo.. 85¢ mol. B0c yr. mo.. $0c $1.00 T8¢ 50¢ also_the local news nublishe n All rights of publication of special dispatclies herein are also reserved. = e Gov. Landon’s Speech. In speaking as an “everyday Ameri- can * * * of issues deeply concerning us all,”” Governor Landon builds the major part of his address of acceptance around one of them. Broadly speaking, that issue concerns a conception of the role of the Federal Government under the Constitution and its policy toward recovery. It is not the sort of issue that finds sharp definition platforms. It is more of losophy than a creed. It is the same issue, incidentally, that formed the theme of the President’s address ac- cepting the Democratic nomination at Philadelphia. As for other issues, Govefnor Landon is politically orthodox in following the campaign ritual of condemning and promising, without entangling detail. He makes advised reference, at the out- set of his speech, to the full obligation | of the oath of office. He condemns the evil of the relief roll, favors economy in government, promises aid for the destitute. He condemns political ma- nipulation of relief funds and favors a social security program that is “work- able.” den of debt and taxes, promises to “put our financial house in order.” He con- demns the theory—but not the benefit checks—of the A. A. A. and promises aid to the farmer through soil conserva- tion and “cash benefits * * * to cushion our farm families against the disastrous | effects of price fluctuations.” He con- demns the loss of our foreign trade and | promises the American farmer his full share of the domestic market and pro- | tection against the adversities of drought and other “temporary afflic- tions.” He condemns the practice of labor troubles, promising that labor shall enjoy the right to organize, with men free to join the unions they prefer | without employer coercion and with the | National Government in the role of an | umpire in protecting the public interest and in mediating disputes. One might wish for a clearer delinea- | tion of the candidate’s views on funda- mental points in controversy in some of these and other issues. Perhaps that will come later in the course of the campaign. The address of acceptance was very wisely kept within reasonable | limits of length, and Governor Landon | forewarned his audience that he would merely touch on some points. But his discussion of what many ac- cept as the real issue of the campaign finds Governor Landon at his best. He approaches it with the accurate state- ment that the primary need of the Nation in 1933 was more jobs for the unemployed. And in 1936, after four years of various experiments, the pri- | mary need of the Nation remains—more | | ers under the impression that the item referred only to another controversy in ! Jjobs for the unemployed. How are they to be obtained? At Philadelphia, the President, stand- ing squarely on a platform that en- visions the Government at Washington as responsible for the eradication of most of the ills of mankind, epitomized the “spirit of '36” as the pursuit of the economic royalists after their heels, and those of the privileged princes, have been lifted from the necks of the oppressed. Under a government possessing the “vibrant personal character that is the embodiment of human charity” we shall fight down the “enemy that is within our gates.” At Topeka Governor Landon is less poetic but more direct. He pleads, in the first place, for a united Nation, not “torn by appeals to prejudice and di- vided by class feeling.” The vital force in our Nation, we learn, is not the economic royalists, or even the Fed- eral Government, but “American ini- tiative * * * and it must be freed!” The country 1s ripe for recovery. There are billions of dollars ready for investment in delayed improvement and expansion. What is holding back these billions is not the fear of economic royalists, under pursuit by a zealously crusading Federal - Government, but “lack of confidence in the soundness of Federal policy.” We must be freed from incessant gov- ernmental intimidation and hostility. ‘We must be freed from an arbitrary and uncertain monetary policy, and, through a vigorous enforcement of the anti- trust laws, we must be freed from pri- vate monopolistic control. The Governor does not look upon the Constitution as enslaving men by its fixed limitations, denying them progress beyond the horse and buggy days. It came from the people to guar- antee their freedom. And when it is to be changed, the people can change it “by following the proce- dure they themselves laid down. But for any official or branch of govern- ment to attempt such a change without authority from the people is to do an unwarranted and illegal act. Change must come by and through the people and not by usurpation.” Recovery through dependence on the | ignite in party | a phi- | He condemns the mounting bur- | | accepted the republic. than the extension of the powers of personal government—under a Consti- tution recognizing that “certain rights reside with the people, that cer- tain powers are reserved for the States and that certain functions are delegated to the Federal Government” will be approved by most “everyday Ameri- cans.” — et — The Crisis in Spain. Although civil war and revolution in Spain are confined in their immediate effects to that stricken land, the vio- lence now raging between the Pyrenees and the Straits of Gibraltar is causing Europe anxiously to wonder whether the Spaniards’ tragic experiences may not provoke repercussions beyond the na- tion’s borders. There are fears that col- lapse of the first effective “Popular Front” government to be established in Western Europe may prove the spark to conflagrations remote from Madrid. The Socialist-Radical Socialist-Com- munist government of France, being closest to them, is regarded as likely to be the first that might be infected by developments in Spain. Should Right- ist conservatism and fascism win their rebellion against the Spanish Leftists, an impression has taken root that the reactionary forces antagonistic to the Blum government will be incited to emulate the Spanish effort, and that it might not be long before Belgium’s new and growing Fascist group, the Rexists, were encouraged to do likewise. If, on the other hand, the Radicals crush the Fascist rebellion, it might mean the complete obliteration of dem- ocratic elements in the government and lead to an outright Socialist or Com- munist regime. Such a solution would also be designed to produce far-flung results. Everywhere in Europe it would strengthen conservative opposition to | elements and forces seeking to estab- lish a sway of extreme radicalism and | almost inevitably pave the way to fresh eruptions. All authorities acquainted with vol- canic conditions in Spain since the fall of the monarchy agree that it would be utterly idle to venture to predict the final outcome of the present upheaval. 1 No other country presents so chaotic and explosive a complex of bitterly antagon- istic elements. The republic has never been supported by anything approxi- servative elements, archical-minded army leaders, more or less acquiesced in abolition of royal rule, but never wholeheartedly They have, on the contrary, never ceased to suspect and resent it as an instrument designed sooner or later to establish a prole- tarian dictatorship. When the Popular Front won last February’s elections, bringing into power a combination of Left Wing Republicans and the three avowed revolutionary parties—Social- | ists, Communists and Syndicalists— rushing to the President to ward off | conservative fears reached the boiling point. The fratricidal strife now devas- tating the country became a foregone conclusion. In a national community torn between | and | conflicting ambitions, suspicions hatreds of Monarchists, Socialists, Fas- cists, Communists, Syndicalists, cleri- cals, militarists and anarchists, to name only outstanding rival factions, it is futile even to guess what will emerge from the seething cauldron. Passions are aroused to a pitch that makes it difficult to conceive how radical and conservative viewpoints can possibly be reconciled. The outlook for democracy in Spain, no matter what eventuates from the nation’s sanguinary ordeal, is anything but hopeful. e R Initials have their mollifying value. Instead of saying that the United Mine Workers have defied the American Fed- eration of Labor, it might have broken the news more gently to say the U. M. W. is in disagreement with the A. F. L. This might have left many casual read- the Government’s departmental circles. c—e— - — A picturesque figure in pugilistic cir- cles was “One-Eye Connelly,” who crashed the gate whenever he desired. He should be restored to prominence as a remipder of a certain spirit of tol- erant sentiment that once asserted itself even in the mercenary development of the prize ring. American Folk Art. No American ever can claim that the art of his countrymen is isolated from its origins. Indeed, it may be doubted that any esthetic element is truly native to the United States. Civilization in the Western World has been from the be- ginning an importation. It came from the ancient East through medieval Europe, moving over the Atlantic as the sun moves in its daily path—a progress from Orient to Occident. But the art impulses of a people are conditioned by their environment to a notable degree. Hence, new mannerisms have been developed, new styles and modes of execution invented in America. And it is interesting to think of what they are. Perhaps an accurate appraisal is imperative to improvement. Even when the verdict is negative in any given case, it may be necessary if a cultural correction is to be effected. For example, the “free verse” of Walt Whitman is not strictly novel. The Good Grey Poet had the Bible for his model. Also he was influenced by Shakespeare and by the libretto texts of operas which he heard sung at a time when he was peculiarly responsive to the pattern of music-drama. But his technical skill was defective, his pen inadequately trained. So he wrote, as he himself declared, like a “barbarian.” And it was that limitation, that handi- cap, that made his efforts distinctive. In other words, he was symbolic of his age, his scene and his fellow-country- men. The same observation applies to Stephen Collins Foster and his songs and to the so-called Hudson River power of American initiative—rather 1u‘.hool of painters and their canvases. | another. | ing the mating a majority of the people. Con- | . including mon- | have | THE EVENING STAR, Inherited or traditional ideas may be detected in both fields of creative effort. But certain twists are given to those conceptions; the plus and minus factors of personality are introduced into them. Thus it becomes apparent that Ameri- can art differs from the art of other nations because Americans as men and women differ intellectually and spiritu- ally from their contemporaries in other lands. The variation may be either “superior” or “inferior,” but the fact cannot be challenged. It exists, is recog- nized and conceded everywhere. As to the future, the question is: Quo vadis? But it is not easy to answer with assurance. The trend at present worries one group of critics, encourages Neither is wholly confident. The debate, a war of opinions, waxes hot. Rockwcll Kent expresses the philo- sophical point of view when he says: “Art is free—free in an iron age to pro- claim the might, magnificence and power of commerce, industry, weajth, war, of wild extravagance, of repression, of drunkenness, of fervent faithfulness; and it is free to hate all this, to find no beauty anywhere but in the intimate and most secret realities of the human spirit and in the way of life that may evoke them; and against the brazen clamor of jazz there may be heard as from remote, deep, starlit, inner spaces of man’s being dissonances frail and infinitely poignant.” Al Smith took a walk, and on the promenade met John Hamilton just the other day. It is intimated that Mr. Smith declined a ride in Mr. Hamilton’s band wagon, but let it be understood that he would continue walking in its general direction. One of the finest works of the Post Office Department was putting a special delivery stamp on the presidential nom- ination that carried it promptly to F.D. R. —— et Sympathy may be due Chairmaster- Postman Farley as one of those great executives who, although technically on vacation, is obliged to take his office cards with him. . S e If the campaign develops further fierceness the Democratic art depart- ment may favor a postage stamp featur- conscientious but relentless Carrie Nation. v Points of disagreement are so easily discovered that there is no difficulty in making two quarrels grow where there was only one before. ) e Before a campaign Summer is over it may be something of a triumph for a politician to retain his convention status | as a “favorite son.” e Shooting Stars. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. In Passing. Sightseeing helps to educate The young, ambitious mind, And travel leads us to a state Of intellect refined; Yet things have come and gone their way | Till all that's left to see i Is some old place where people say That something used to be. This hurrying world that seems to go | So steadfast and so true In a few billion years or so Will meet conditions new. And even now where smiles we'd trace Cold effiptiness we see; The human face is just a place Where something used to be. Economy. “What is your idea economy?” “It’s the kind of economy,” said Sen- ator Sorghum, “a politician promises to practice, but very seldom does.” of political Breath Saving. We dive into a sea of thought And do some splashing there, The most important thing we're taught Is coming up for air. We venture into depths unknown And wait the truth to tell, By such relief as may be shown By just a breathing spell.” Gassification. “Are you air-minded “I'm gettin’ that way,” said Judge ‘Waxem. “I used to take straight licker, but I'm gettin’ so refined that I want bubble water with it.” “My native land has tried so many kinds of government,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “that a revolution can only hope to establish one of the \old ones slightly disguised.” Mortal Destiny. For spies on every hand we look, The world has grown suspicious. Even the teacher with his book May hold some view seditious! 'Mongst the civilian working throng, Likewise among the troopers, ‘We may be organized ere long As just a race of snoopers! “Don’t come askin’ me foh advice,” said Uncle Eben. “My own mistakes has kep’ me busy tryin’ to think up some reliable kind foh my personal. use.” e+ , Postponement. From the New Haven Journal-Courier. .Dr.Towm:ln;\ovumltum' 2 covery Plan” postpones putting party slate in the field until 1940. He certainly has faith in this depression. Mexican Roadsides. From the Omaha World-Herald. We fear the only difference between the national highway in Mexico and those in our country will be the differ- ence between hot dog stands and hot Qualified. From the Omaha World-Herald. Rockefeller, at 97, is the best available authority to pass on the truth of the saying that the first 100 years are the hardest. WASHINGTON, Many Novel Government Experiments Succeed To the Editor of The St Conservative people are always say- ing that novel proposals are the product of minds which cannot learn from ex- perience, but ignore the teachings of history. The critics say these proposals are old stuff; these things have been tried again and again, and are always failures. Such statements simply are not true. The things thus condemned have just as often been tried out in practice and found to be successes. Yet these moss- backs do not know any better than to repeat the statement that these things are always failures. They merely have not yet come into general use, and so. the mossbacks have not learned about them. These contemptuous critics themselves are really the ignorant ones. For instance, private co-operative common-ownership communities or so- cieties. These are often called com- munistic societies. This does not mean that they are communistic in the polit- | ical sense, because they dp not repre- sent general mass movements through the agency of any government. Yet they are communistic in the sense that the members of these societies work to- gether and own the means of produc- tion in common. Rugged individualism is not their ideal, but brotherly mutual help. Nineteenth century history is full of these. Often they were based on re- ligious foundations, yet not always. ! Many of them have flourished splen- didly, and their members have been prosperous together. Sometimes after a long course of success they have given up their peculiar form due to changed circumstances. Sometimes they have failed to provide for recruiting and hence have died out with the lapse of time. One of this kind was the famous Harmony Society in Pennsylvania. There is one in Maryland. The Shakers were an order, so to speak, with six or eight branch houses in a number of different States. The Amana Soclety in Towa had half a dozen branches. Just so with proposals for govern- mental efforts. People of naturally conservative disposition always say: “Oh, no, no, such things cannot be; they have been tried again and again. indeed, they have been tried, and some of these trials have been highly suc- cessful; they should be pushed farther. WILLIAM C. LEE. What Nat;;malizalion of The Bank of France Means To the Editor of The Star: “PARIS, July 16.—Bank of France almost completely nationalized tonight.” “Baby bonds” are to be offered for sub- scription to the French people. If the people do not buy these “baby bonds” as they did not “receipts” only for United States “baby bonds,” then what? Devaluation “off gold” of the 20-cent down, 3';-cent, 4-cent, 5-cent and 6- cent franc. About a year ago the French franc was on the ragged edge of “off gold.” Our Secretary of the Treasury, Henry Morgenthau, jr. gave the “Bank of France” a United States gold credit of $2,000,000,000. And in an interview with the United States press | self-lauded his act. The United States did not then have $10,714,000,000 of gold stock “under lock and key” when Henry credit-loaned the “Bank of France $2,- 000,000.000" to keep the French franc on a 4-cent on gold basis. Congress only directly or by congressional-dele- | the people’s money. Where did the Secretary of the Treasury, Henry Mor- genthau, jr, get the power to loan terest-defaulting France franc on gold basis? Now that the taxpayers of the United States have, under Henry Morgenthau, jr.. as Secretary of the Treasury, $10,- 714.000.000 money-gold “under lock and | key,” may not the look to Henry Morgenthau, jr. other $2,000,000,000, $5,000,000,000, or $10.000,000.000 money-gold loan”? That would obviate the issue of a French “baby bond,” which bonds the French shopkeepers, working peo- ple and lahd-owning, money-saving French peasants may refuse to buy. What's the answer to this? Another money-gold “credit loan” to France to keep the French franc on gold? W. E. RYAN. Wealth-Producing Capacity And National Indebtedness To the Editor of The Star: If he isn't too choked up with emo- tion from thinking about that “wild man, Roosevelt,” or if he hasn't been standing so long at the wailing wall that his ‘eyes are swollen shut, any business man who knows the bare rudi- ments of economics and simple multi- plication can check these figures. They are rough figures—but not too rough to give a fair picture. In the fiscal year of 1933 the national annual income fell to less than 40 bil- lions. Continued upon this basis, if the average natural increase in productive capacity had taken place (that is, doubling every 30 years) this generation would have a total income of less than 1,800 billions. In the Roosevelt administration the national annual income has risen to 53 billions. Upon the above basis if con- tinued the total income of this genera- tion (30 years) may be expected to gross nearly 2,500 billions. But an independent survey of the national product capacity shows that if we could so distribute the national income as to provide consumption for everything we could produce we could, in 1929, have produced in goods and services 135 billions. Upon this basis the present generation will have a total productive capacity of 6,000 billions. Whether Mr. Roosevelt has gone into debt 15 billions, as his opponents con- tend, or less than 8 billions net, as his Treasury Department asserts, in an at- tempt to raise the gross income from 1,800 billions to 6,000 billions the goal is worth shooting at. Nor is a 35-bil- lion debt a back-breaking, soul-sinking sum to a generation that has a wealth- producing capacity of 6,000 billions. DWIGHT T. SCOTT. Appreciation of Star’s Drunken Driving Editorial To the Editor of The Star: Permit me to express my hearty thanks for the excellent leading edi- torial in The Star of Thursday, July 16. It is evident to some of us that various persons are endeavoring to make folks believe that conditions are just as good as before repeal, or possibly better than during that period. Of course, this is not the case. For that reason I am all the more glad for you to give such a clear expression to the views which were stated in that editorial. These things needed to be said and were said exceedingly well. W. L. DARBY. To the Editor of The Star: : I want to express my appreciation and thanks for your editorial in last “Drunken ! right to point. A, H. PRESCOTT. on D. C., FRIDAY, JULY Yes, | gated act shall pay out or credit-loan | $2,000,000,000 in gold “credit loan” of | the United States to keep war-debt in- | 4-cent | “Bank of France” | for-an- | 24, 1936. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. New England has sandy beaches, as the following letter attests: “Dear 8ir: Ever since I first came to live in Washington I have read your articles with a great deal of interest. I share your love of birds and flowers— and how I loved your kind words about cats. You surely know your subjects. “But oh, my dear sir, we must dis- agree on the subject of beaches! I agree with you about their merits—long have I cherished a secret longing such as you describe. “We New Englanders must differ with you about the ‘rocky’ beaches, however. True, some are rocky, but it is clearly evident that you have yet to enjoy the pleasures of a tramp along miles of sandy New England beaches. “I leave Washington in a week to do just that—for a whole blissful month. “Sincerely, N. E.” Here’s one from a correspondent who wonders what the centipede is for: “Dear Sir: I have enjoyed your arti- cles in The Evening Star for some time. They are very much in accord with my own feelings and ideas about things. “I enjoy the whole autdoors. I like the birds and all kinds of ornamenws? fish, both outdoors and indoors, and dogs, cats and all other fur-bearing animals. “I can’t say I like snakes exactly, but don’t mind them if they keep their dis- tance, and I can’t say that I actually dislike the inmates of the insect world. “However, of those with which I have direct acquaintance, I believe I under- stand the centipede the least. I have heard that it is quite innocent and harmless, which may be, but it happens to be the one I like to give the most room, in case I can’t extinguish it. “Yours very truly, O. M. B" * ¥ ¥ ¥ All sorts of queer and crawly things are found on beaches as well as in homes. Sea shore life is a department all by itself, with strange forms of sand insects to replace what might be called the domestic insects of the basement, | attic and living quarters. Most of the insect forms of the sandy beaches are gray in color, to escape at- tention, difficulty in discovering. Yet Nature knows what she is doing, and no doubt made the spiders and | “lice” and other beach insects the color | they are in order to help them escape certain enemies. Sand dunes offer a wonderful field for the amateur student of such things. On them he will find at most of the beaches a variety of strange life, little of which he suspected. This life will include the grasses which grow in the sand. Tough, wiry, these | grasses are interesting in their own right as well as in relation to the dune, which gathers around them. Focusing the energies of the dune, the grasses must move along with it, as the wind carrtes it along in the strange way in which these structures come into being, grow day by along. *x % % Sea shore sand often contains “sand fleas” as well as “lice.” The latter are not lice at all, but queer little grayish curstaceans with semi-hard shells. They scurry in and out with the waves, often digging themselves in before the next wave can reach them. Their facility for getting between ones toes is well known. Mostly bathers are too busy to pay much attention to them. although what their enemies | are the Summer sojourner will have | day and actually move | | basement, get a cat. known that the domestic cat loves to ‘Whether the beach “fleas” are much different from the so-called cat and dog flea is a question. Most beaches are overpopulated with humans nowadays, and this means they bring their dogs along. It is highly probable that many fleas, getting their first taste of seashore life, find the warm sand very much to their liking. The cat and dog flea is differ- ent from the famous European human flea. The idea that some people hold, that the dog flea will not get on humans nor bite them, is quite erroneous. Tender- skinned persons are this flea’s “meat.” It will leave cat or dog—it is one and the same flea on both—any time of duy for such a person. This flea lays its eggs preferably on woolen material, which is one good argument for taking up woolen rugs in Summer, as has been the old Washington custom. When Fido is taken to the shore his fleas probably think the sand is just another big, warm carpet “like back home.” Off they hop, much to their consternation later, when they find themselves at the mercy of the elements. * ¥ ¥ ¥ One of the faults to be found with many beaches is that there simply are too many people on ‘em. Which gets us back to Spain, coun- try so much in the news now, in this roundabout route: A Spanish gentleman by the name of Ortega wrote a book several years ago called “The Revolt of the Masses.” His main theme seemed to be that there | simply were too many people enjoying | the good things of life. Beaches were crammed with human- ity nowadays, he went on. Theaters were packed to the doors. Streets were teeming with motor cars. And so on. Everywhere you went, and every place, there were too many people, the faith- ful old common people at last enjoying | | the luxuries and amusements formerly enjoyed only by the aristocrats. Just too bad, isn't it? But really, it does help acgount for the traffic problem. * % % x As for centipedes, they belong to the grouping Anthropoda, which includes certain insects, spiders and crustaceans. Most persons have an instinctive dis- like for these gueer-segmented, many- footed things. No doubt this dislike is fostered by the old-folk belief that they particularly like to crawl into people's ears, wherein they cause many troubles. If one dislikes the centipedes, he or she does well to keep in mind that some of the species found in tropical coun- tries are a foot long and often inflict severe Dbites. The common centipede—which. by the way, doesn't have a hundred said to be an efficient destroyer of small insects. Most housekeepers, however, would rather rely on insecticides in liquid form. Centipedes are nocturnal in habits and are said to hunt in pairs, so that if one is killed the other will be found nearby. If you do not like centipedes in your It is not generally catch centipedes, and eat them, too. which is a form of diet difficult to understand. However, Nature saves her closest creatures from the qualms and | squeamishness which make life miser- | able at times for her humans, and so it may be that Tom and Tabby's centipede | diet is just as good for them as orange ' juice for us. A vitamin is a vitamin, wherever found. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Now that Gov. Landon has nailed nis colors to the mast, the great war of 1936 is finally and formally on. Hos- ~credit | tilities will not be in full blast for an- other month or six weeks, but battle lines are at last definitely drawn. Both the Democratic and Republican high commands know henceforth on what points they must train their biggest guns for attack and likewise where the most important defense batteries must be mounted. It is taken for granted that despite the comprehensive dis- closure of his position in the acceptance address, Landon has by no means ex- hausted his ammunition. He is bound in the course of the campaign to lay down heavy barrages in various specific directions, with progressive clarifica- tion of his views and program. The | Kansan some time ago indicated his | purpose to conduct an aggressive fight. He recalled that he had been through two gubernatorial contests—that neither | of them was exactly a pink-tea affair— and cited them as guarantees that in the supreme struggle of his political | career there would be no lack of drive | and punch. Republicans consider that the opening blow struck at Topeka | promises a two-fisted fight and reveals Landon as measuring up in full degree to the belligerent requirements of the campaign. * X ¥ ¥ In the speech broadcast the other night by Gov. McNutt of Indiana, de- | picting Gov. Landon as “an individual particularly suspectible to the influ- ences of stronger minds and more ruth- less wills,” Republicans discern one of the principal lines of attack which they expect the Democrats to pursue against the G. O. P. standard-bearer. As the Hoosier executive’s broadcast was de- livered under the auspices of the Demo- cratic National Committee, it's assumed that the hints about Landon's alleged “sponsors” (the American Liberty League, William Randolph Hearst et al) strike a keynote of which much will be heard as the fray progresses. In his various State campaigns the Kansan frequently had to meet the challenge that certain “interests” were partial to him, sc in due course hell probably take occasion to refute the indictment which the Governor of In- diana has just launched against him in the national arena. * x k¥ Weekly luncheon meetings of the Na- tional Press Club are coming to attain the present month the club has hqsrd John L. Lewis defend his viewpoint® in the bitter conflict within the ranks of trade unionism, and given William Lemke, presidential candidate of the Union party, opportunity to air his views, monetary and otherwise. Not long ago Dr. Townsend held forth be- fore the club on his old-age pension panacea. On these occasions speak- ers are subjected to that species of straight-from-the-shoulder heckling for which the tribe is justly famed, with the that special pleaders find themselves on the spot to a degree probably unique in their re- spective experiences. * X X x Eric C. Wendelin, third secretary of American Embassy at Madrid, who is in charge of Uncle Sam’s diplomatic interests in the strife-torn Spanish cap- ital, is one of the youngsters of the | United States foreign service. Native of New Hampshire and graduate of Brown University, he entered the State Department in 1931 after having been attached to the World Peace Founda- tion as a research assistant. Mr. Wen- delin’s first foreign assignment was as vice consul at Montreal. He was on duty at the consulate general in Havana when appointec third secretary of the Madrid embassy in October, 1934. ok Echoes of Senator Carter Glass’ spoken remarks at the recent Patrick Henry celebration in Ashland, Va., seem likely to reverberate throughout the 1936 campaign. Although there is no indication that the veteran Virginian thinks of taking a walk away from the Roosevelt ticket on Al Smith lines, Republicans are sure to exploit Glass’ only thinly veiled castigation of the New Deal as indisputable evidence that in his heart he opposes certain things at which the G. O. P. is tilting as vigorously as does Gov. Landon him- self New Dealers are said to be rely- ing heavily on the Old Dominion states- man’s influence and example to keep | in the fold. ! conservative Democrats His outburst on Patrick Henry day in- dicates that while Glass is no party bolter, he doesn't want doubts to exist as to where he stands on some of the fundamental political questions now agitating the country. * * % w If mid-campaign trends run true to form, the immediate effect of Gov. Landon’s acceptance speech will be to infuse Republicans with an augmented spirit of optimism and generally to diffuse throughout the country the im- pression that G. O. P. chances of vic- tory are appreciably enhanced. Demo- cratic leaders have been discounting this prospect. They foreshadow that Republican hopes will probably reach their zenith in August and then under- go steady diminuendo. While New Deal- ers remain supremely confident, the 20,- 000 two-to-one bet on Roosevelt's re-elec- tion, just offered by former Ambassador James W. Gerard, is not believed to re- flect their “off the record” view of the situation. Prevailing betting odds range from seven to five to six to five on Roosevelt, with prospects of reaching even money before November. Non- partisan observers say that at this ad- vanced hour neither Roosevelt nor Landon is a sure thing proposition; that it's a “horse race” likely to be far closer than super optimists on either side publicly concede. * * ¥ % Three well-known family nam.es fig- ure in the roster of officers of the newly organized Democratic Roosevelt First Voters' League. The president is Francis B. Sayre. jr, grandson of Woodrow Wilson and son of the As- sistant Secretary of State. Young Sayre is now a senior at Willlams and head of the college Y. M. C. A. Miss Betsy Dern, co-ed daughter of Secre- tary of War Dern, who gives promise of becoming a political chip of the old block, is secretary of the organization, and Herbert Bayard Swope, jr., son of the former managing editor of the New York World, is treasurer. The league plans to wage a whirlwind campaign amcng young people who are casting their maiden presidential ballots this year. (Coprright. 1006.) legs—is | out- ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. A reader can get the answer to any question of fact by writing The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Please inclose stamp for reply. Q. Please give an easy way to figure what a parlay will pay at the race track—J. F. A. The Morning Telegraph says to multiply together the two winning mutuel prices and divide by 4 to find what $1 pays. Thus: If two horses pay $6 each—6x6-36. Divide by 4. The answer is 9. The winner receives 89, inciuding the $1 bet. If $10 was bet, he would receive $90. For a three-horse parlay, multiply the three mutuel prices together and divide by 8. Q. How much snow and ice was re- moved from the streets of New York last Winter?—G. E. A. The Sanitary Department in 30 days carted away 55,000,000 cubic feet of snow and ice. . Q. When will China elect a new | President?>—W. H A. A President will be elected at a national convention to be held some time this year, probably in November. Lin Sen is now chairman of the national government and is de jure its titular head. Q. How many papers in the United States use color in their magazine sec- tions?—E. G. H. A. According to a survey made by the Chicago Tribune, 63 newspapers print their own magazine supplements and offer color to advertisers. To this total should be added 17 newspapers that include the American Weekly and 111 West Coast dailies which buy the PFive- star Weekly supplement, making a total | of 191 newspapers in 169 cities offering magazine color. | Q. How does climate affect the size of animals?—H. S. A. Warm-blooded animals grow to a | larger size where the temperature is low. But cold-blooded animals—snakes, alligators and lizards, for example—grow larger in places where the climate is warm. Q. How long is the Wailing Wall? —F. T A. It is 156 feet long and 59 feet high. It is in Jerusalem near the Mosque of Omar. For many generations Jews have gathered there to weep over the fall of Jerusalem and pray for its restoration. Q. How much do the railroads spend on fuel and equipment?—W. R. A. Direct expenditures of the railways of the United States for material, equip- ment and fuel during the first six months of 1936 totaled approximately $452.000,000. Q. When was the first Florence Crit= tenton Home for Girls opened?—E. J. A. On April 19, 1883, the first Florence ! Crittenton Mission was opened at No. 29 Bleecker street, New York City. Q. What is the origin of the term Tin Pan Alley?—P. R A. The descriptive title of Tin Pan Alley is credited to one of its outstand- ing characters, Monroe H. Rosenfeld, newspaper man, gambler and successful writer of such songs as “Wedding Bells | Shall Not Ring Out” and “Her Golden Hair Was Hanging Down Her Back.” He « | is said to have suggested the name as covering the whole popular. song-writing and publishing profession to Harry von | Tilzer. Q. What scientist discovered a key to ent Greek shorthand?—E. H. H. J. Milne of the British Museum discovered a key which permits the de- ciphering of many hitherto unreadable manuscripts. Q. Why is “The Green Pastures” ban- ned in the British Isles?>—K. G. A. The film is banned because of a ruling which declares any picturization of the Deity in a motion picture to be lasphemy. Q. When was rhubarb first planted in this country?—E. R. W. A. The first plantings were brought to America about 150 vears ago. Q. Please give some information about the establishment of the Russell Sage Foundation—K. C. B. A. This institution was created by Mrs. Sage in 1907, very shortly after the death of her husband, for whom she desired to create a memorial. As set forth in its charter, the foundation was organized “for the purpose of receiving and maintaining a fund, or funds,-and applying the income thereof to the im- provement of social and living condi- tions in the United States of America | The charter states that “it shall use any means to that end which from time to time shall seem expedient to its mem- bers or trustees, including research, pub- lication, education, the establishment and maintenance of charitable or benevolent activities, agencies and in- stitutions, and the aid of any such activi- ties, agencies or institutions already | established.” The original memorial fund amounted to $10,000,000, which was increased by the sum of $5,000,000 left by Mrs. Sage in her will. Q. What is the origin of fiasco, mean- ing a failure?>—F. W. R A. In the making of Venetian glass if the slightest flaw was discovered the * article was rejected and converted into a common bottle by the glass blower. What was to have been Venetian glass was a fiasco, or common bottle. Thus the idea of failure became associated with the word. Q. Where was Mary Garden born? —K. 8. A. The famous soprano was born at Aberdeen, Scotland. — cmt—— Hard to Classify. From the Geneva (N. Y.) Times Political classification is difficult when half the conservatives think they're lib- eral and half the liberals think they're ! conservative. Sl A Rhyme at Twmght By Gertrude Brooke Hamilton In Peril. Redeemer, wake, I pray. Though spent I must conform To what may overwhelm. Yet must I sink? Dismay Cannot steer safe thru storm. Christ, waken. Take the helm. As Thou didst long ago Bid raging waves be still 8o lend me aid tonight. Thine is it to bestow, Mine to accept Thy will And Thy divine foresight.