Evening Star Newspaper, August 1, 1935, Page 2

* oW DAL POVER N EONSTTUTN square Handling of Labor Matters Declared Possible Without Amendment. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. Could labor get & square deal with- ot 8 constitutional amendment? could the advantages which the N. R. A. was presumed to give to labor have been obtained under legislation within the Constitution? These queries are pertinent to any sappraisal of what the New Deal might have done and what it might yet do if it is desirous of improving the lot of the workingman by legislation that will accomplish the objectiyes promptly and without endless litigation. The three main features of the N. R. A. with respect to labor were collective bargaining, the prohibition of child labor and the establishment of & minimum wage. Possible Under Constitution. All three are possible “within the spirit and framework of the Constitu- tion,” as President Roosevelt once characterized the purposes of his ad- ministration. Collective bargaining is an ancient privilege—the right of a worker to be represented by an agent or representa- tive of his own choosing, just as an employer has & similar right to engage an attorney to represent him in ne- gotiations with unions or individual ‘workmen. State laws protect this right. The ecommon law protects it. Declaration of the principle in a State or Federal statute does not add or subtract from the basic right. When put into a Federal law, however, it implies that the Federal Government has a right to supervise employer-employe rela- tions, when in truth this is a matter for the police power of the several Btates. As for child labor, many States have laws prohibiting it, and, with the impetus given the movement under the N. R. A, the number of States passing child labor laws will increase. The process may be slow, but, in the end, it is better for the States to re- tain this power, since they can adjust their statutes to local conditions and varying classes of employment. Interstate Compacts. To attain uniformity, so that States adjacent to each other mayenot pro- duce conditions that cause plants or factories to withdraw fram one State to a neighboring State, the Constitu- tion provides' for interstate compacts, which, when agreed to by the Legisla- tures of neighboring States, are to be ratified by Congress. Already many States are negotiating such compacts. Eleven interstate agreements have been drafted recently and there are frequent conferences, guided by the Department of Labor here, looking toward that end. A change in the Constitution is not necessary to obtain satisfactory labor standards. Now as to maximum hours and even minimum wages, these are mat- ters closely related to the health and subsistence of the individual. The Federal Government does not have power over them, but the States do. It is true that a decision of the Su- preme Court of the United States in April, 1923, holding unconstitutional a certain minimum wage law of the District of Columbia, has been re- sponsible for a rather general impres- sion that all minimum wage legisla- tion of the States would be held in- valid. But the fact is there were de- fects in the District of Columbia law and these could be corrected in the writing of a nmew law. Thus said Justice Sutherland in expressing the majority opinion of the court: “A statute requiring an employer to pay in money, to pay at prescribed and regular intervals, to pay the value of the services rendered, even to pay with fair relation to the extent of the benefit obtained from the service, would be understandable. But a statute which prescribes payment without regard to any of these things and solely with relation to eircum- stances apart from the contract of employment, the business affected by it and the work done under it; is so clearly the product of a naked arbi- trary exercise of power that it cannot be allowed to stand under the Con- stitution of the United States.” Course Left Open. ‘The court opposed the arbitrariness of the law, but this is not to say that the hint given above that an “under- standable” or constitutional statute could be written should be overlooked. Often the court will strike down a statute which has been defectively written or which is drafted in such a way as to introduce extraneous fea- tures of an unconstitutional sort that happen to have no relationship to the main objective. That a minimum wage law can be written by the several Btates which will stand the test of constitutionality is beyond doubt, especially since the two dissenting Justices favored the principle, and the only question at issue with the ma- jority was the arbitrariness of certain aspects of the law. So it is with regard to maximum tours. The use of this power to spread the work by forbidding employment in excess of a reasonable number of hours might run into constitutional difficulties, but prohibiting work be- yond eight hours a day or forty-eight hours a week would certainly not be regarded as unreasonable, because there would be ample testimony that such a week's work is not injurious to health. The details of a proper labor stand- ard are, of course, open to debate, and there is no attempt in the fore- going to insist on any particular formula, but merely to point out that there is abundant power for a new deal within the Constitution on labor matters, just as in previous articles In this series attention has been drawn to the constitutional powers whereby cgdes of fair competition and a higher return to the farmer for his product miight have been attained and may yet*be achieved without amending the ral’ Constitution. (Copyright. 1935.) ——— INQUEST CANCELED Death of Hat Manufacturer Is . Held Evident Suicide. LOS ANGELES, August 1 () .—No iriquest will be held in the death of Harry M. Misrach, 40, retired hat manufacturer, and the wounding of Agnes Joan Parker, 37, artist’s model, Coroner Frank Nance said yesterday, * very What’s What In Capital Tax Bm Right Considering,” Is View of Legislators, BY PAUL MALLON, NE of the Democratic Con- gressmen Who helped to write the tax bill was backed off in a corner and asked what he really thought about it. He seratched his nose and replied: “You may quote me ag say] T It's all right, considering the woplg‘ within which the committee had to work. But just between YOU and me, I think it is another one of Mr. Morgenthau's doughnuts.” The reference Was apparently di- rected sarcastically at the new Treas- ury plan to issue half-cent pieces with holes in them. Also the allusion seemed to contain just a hint that such a vast social taxing should be baked longer, that it should be served well done. This private opinion was not con- fined to a single Congressman. In fact, three Democratic members of the House Ways and Means Committee amazed newsmen by offering the first half of the same opinion; namely, that their own bill was “all right, consid- ering.” MIRRAY Such lack of enthusiasm on the part of authors for their own works is ex- tremely unusual. especially among Congressmen. Not only that, but all politicians are always supposed to say they are against the rich and for the poor, whether they are or not. When they fail to do 30, you may know that either the heat has un- settled them or they have become conscience-stricken. In this case they appear to be conscience- stricken, considering. One reason is the Ways and Means Committee did not write the bill. A ghost-job on it was performed by L. H. Parker, chief of staff on the Joint Committee on Taxation. Mr. Parker is probably the best non-partisan tax au- | thority in the country. If permitted to sit down and write a tax bill alone, | he would unquestionably write the | best possible bill. Unfortunately, that | is not the way it is done. Mr. Parker writes tax bills to order. He does this for Republican administrations as well as for New Deals. Written to Order. The committee handed him an or- | |der this time to write a bill which would look something like the Presi- dent’s plan to tax bigness, but at the same time fail to carry out the dras- tic features of that plan. This gen- erality may be denied, but it is es- sentially correct, because the commit- tee threw out the presidential plan for a graduated income tax on corpora- tions, also the recommendation that receipts be applied to the public debt, and a few other things. The result was that Mr. Parker's job mecessarily combined face-sav- ing with revenue raising. That is what committeemen are speaking of when they say it was “all right, considering.” Incidentally, certain Republican humorists are lying in wait for the Treasury to issue its new doughnuts. They see a publicity possibility such as has not existed since President Roosevelt coined the term “New Deal” | and used it against them. They in- tend (hope) to make the simple| doughnut the symbol of the Treasury. Excited Over Borah Report. The highest New Dealers got more | excited than you know about the published story that Postmaster Gen- eral Farley was going to bear down against Senator Borah in Idaho. As soon as the story appeared the White House called Mr. Farley on the | long-distance telephone. It also called Emil Hurja, Charles Michelson and others to find out particularly whether they knew anything about a reported meeting of Democratic big-shots at which it was decided to get Borah. All replied they had never heard of such a meeting. They suspected that Borah's friend, Senator Wheeler, in- spired the story to help Borah. That all may be, but you can mark it down in your hat that Mr. Borah is in for trouble. A wealthy supporter of the New Deal came out of a conference with the President the other day, a glum look on his face. He has stood with the New Deal through thick and thin, mostly thin for him. Sighing, he asked the first person who approached him: “Where do you suppose F. D. got the idea of that wealth-tax bill?” The power of a Congressman is supreme in his own domain, the Cap- itol. Elevators rush for him. Police- men bow. Pages run his whims, The ultimate, however, appears to have been reached a few days ago. Chairman Doughton of the House Ways ‘and Means Committee, a man more than ordinary influence, called for two carpenters. They had been at his office the day before, fix- ing the door. When the call came, they assumed the job had not been dome properly, so they lugged a tool chest, five feet long, up to Mr, Dough- ton's office. There they started fix- ing the door, but Mr. Doughton told them not to mind about that. What he called them for was to fx pis suspenders, which had just broken, ‘The carpenters picked choice tools from the chest, placed the suspenders on the floor and went to work They did their job well. Two minutes later Mr. Doughton went off chuckling, his trousers secure. This may explain who so many peo. ple run for Congress. The salary is not high, but think of the fun yoy have. (Copyright. 1935.) Baptist Educator Dies. OKLAHOMA CITY, August 1 ()— Dr. W. W. Phelan, 60, former presi- THE EVEN 5 RUSSIANS DE IV'SUB SINING Young Cadets Among Vic- tims of B-3 Crash in Finland Bay. By the Associated Press. MOSCOW, August 1 (Thursday) — A brief official announcement, laconic as are most such Soviet revelations, early today disclosed the death of 55 Russian seamen, some of them young cadess, in the sinking of the subma- rine B-3 in Finland Bay one week ago. ‘The submarine, participating in the current Baltic fleet maneuvers, came up from an underwater cruise and collided with an unidentified surface vessel. All Aboard Perish. A gaping hole was torn in her hulk and she sank immediately. All aboard her—officers, seamen and naval school students—perished. ‘The submarine was of the old “bars” type built in 1917, toward the end of Russia’s participation in the World War. Measures have been taken to raise the hulk, The Tass (official) news agency reported. A mass funeral will take place at Kronstadt. The government will distribute sums of 10,000 rubles to families of the vic- tims. Rensions also will be paid, it was announced Worst Disaster in Years. It was the worst disaster to the Russian fleet in years. The com- munique which gave the first news of the tregedy merely stated all occu- pants had perished, without revealing whether any had managed to stave off death for a time by closing them- selves in tne air-tight compartmeats. It was indicated the bodies either had been recovered or were expected to be recovered. ry PROBE 1S -— STARTED IN BLIMP ATTACK| Bullet Hole Is Port Horizontal Fin of Ship. By the Associated Press. LAKEHURST, N. J, August 1— Navy officials began an investigation today to learn the source of mysteri- ous volleys of rifle fire aimed at the Navy Blimp ZMC-2. Lieut. Comdr. Charles E. Rosendahl, chief of the Lakehurst Naval Air Base, disclosed yesterday that unseen snipers fired on the ship Tuesday as it cruised low over the ocean at Point Pleasant in search of a drowning vic- tim's body. Rosendahl stated it was the third such attack since the ship was built in 1928. ‘The blimp, with Lieut. Ben May in command and two other officers and two enlisted men aboard, was only a few hundred yards off shore when May heard the “ping” of bullets against its metal shell. May said there were too many small boats in the water below to determine the origin of the shots. Rosendahl ordered the blimp held in its hangar today while officers ex- amined a bullet hole in the port hori- zontal fin and made a minute inspec- tion of the ship for other signs of damage. If bullets are found they will be kept for ballistics tests, Rosen- dahl stated, in the event that a sus- pect is captured. The bullets, Rosendahl said, could only have been fired by an expert marksman ecuipped with a high- power, long-range rifle. ‘The first known attack on the blimp was made during its first flight across the country after it was completed seven gears ago. Inspectors found two bullet holes in it. _Two more bullets drilled the blimp three_years ago during a test flight over New Jersey. 7 BELIEVED DEAD | IN BURNING TRAIN Eight Others Riding Freight In- jured When Cars Locate Rails” By the Associated Press. TEMPLE, Tex., August 1.—At least seven men were believed today to havs perished when a Missouri-Kansas- Texas freight train was derailed and caught fire last night near Bruceville, Tex. Eight men, six of them colored, wers injured when 30 of the 80 cars in the train left the track and piled up alonz the right-of-way. Oil from several tank cars in the wrecked section fed the flames and rescue workers said they probably would not be able to start clearing away the wreckage until late today. Sheriff W. B. Mobley of Waco, who arrived at the scene soon after the wreck, sald survivors told him they were positive seven persons were trapped in the burning cars. Others said they had seen several men riding on a carload of rock and they believed some of them were killed. All of the members of the crew escaped injury. Investigators said the wreck ap- parently was caused by & “hot box.” Three colored men, all seriously in- jured, were brought to a hospital here, while the other victims, including Morris Killough, 14, and Dempsey Avirett, 16, both of Hubbard, Tex., were taken to Waco. SCHULTZ IS LUCKY AWAITING DECISION Former fler Baron Winner at Pinochle as Jury Retires Unagreed. By the Assoclated Press. MALONE, N. Y., August 1.—Arthur (Dutch Schultz) FPlegenheimer, pre- repeal Bronx beer baron, tumbled into his jail bunk early today with his ts full of pinochle winnings and STAR, WA Discovered in! HINGTON, D. C, THURSDAY, JUDGE QUINTON, 80, CALLED BY DEATH |[Kansan Was Shipping Board Counsel Here for Nearly 15 Years. | year and formerly a leader in judicial circles at Topeka, Kans,, died today at his home, 1514 Seventeenth street. He had been a life-lorg friend of former Vice Pres- ident Curtis and Senator Capper of Kansas. After gradua- tion from the Universityof Michigan Law | School, Judge RN Quinton began his career 50 years ago in Topeka, where he served at various times as city attorney, county attorney and Judge. lpeka and joined the Shipping Board here in 1920. He had been the coun- | sel directly in charge of the insurance branch of the board until a year ago, | when he retired. Surviving are his widow, Georgia Hoffman Quinton; a son, Maj. A. B. Quinton, jr., U. S. A.; two daughters, Mrs. Fred A. Davis of Havana, Cuba, and Mrs. H. E. Remington of White Plains, N. Y., and three grandchildren. WOMAN KILLS MAN AND SHOOTS SELF “I Am Tired of Living,” Says Note Found in Dallas Doctor’s Office. By the Associated Press. DALLAS, Tex., August 1.—Dr. Wil- liam E. Hubbert, & naval surgeon dur- ing the World War, was shot to death in his office here yesterday, officers said, by Mrs. Theta Burch, 35, who then shot and critically wounded her- self. The shooting climaxed two others, in which the names of Hubbert’s 24- year-old son, Cecll, and the surgeon’s estranged wife, Mrs. Ella D. Hubbert, were mentioned. May 25, 1928, Mrs. Burch was shot twice with a shotgun, after which a Dallas County grand jury no-billed Cecil Hubbert. Several months be- fore, Dr. Hubbert was shot in his home and a charge of assault to murder was filed against Mrs. Hubbert. The charge, however, was not pressed. J. F. Brawner, the first officer to arrive on the scene of yesterday's shooting, said the woman was lying across the body of the 50-year-old physician on the floor of the office. “I killed him,” the patrolman quoted Mrs. Burch as saying. ‘I shot him and then decided to kill myself.” A blood-stained note found on a desk read: “I killed him. I am tired of living. Give my body to the scien- tists.” e BOY, 9, IS MISSING AS TWO ARE SLAIN Grandmother and Son Murdered in West Virginia Home—Wide Search Instituted. By the Associated Press. MARLINGTON, W. Va., August 1.— State police pushed a search in the hills today for a 9-year-old boy after his grardmother, Mrs. Jennie Sharp, 73, and her son, William Sharp, 42, were slain at their home. ‘Nelghbors . found the body of Mrs. er bed room and her son He came to Washington from To- | | front, 27 men. | | Seward Square, 26 men. | Rock Creek Church road, two projects, Works (Continued 2 | | Page.) SR = Forty-sixth street at Ellicott and Chesapeake streets. [ The soil erosion work along the Harvard street entrance to the Zoo- | logical Park, where the south bank is being restored and landscaped, will provide seven so-called projects giv- ing employment to 186 men. This is by far the largest piece of work under | the highway program. | The locations of the various high-; { Judge A. B. Quinton, 80, counsel of | oy projects and the number of men | the Shipping Board here nearly lsAmml“y employed today at each was announced by the P. W. A. as follows: In the Southeast— Naylor road, Good Hope road to the | District line, 25 men. First and Xenia streets, 26 men. Benning road, Central avenue to E | street, 28 men. Benning road, Central avenue to H street, 27 men. Sixteenth street, Ridge place street, 28 men. Alley, Thirty-first street, Thirty- second street, W place and V place, 20 men. North Capitol street, Forty-second | to Forty-first streets, 30 men. Forty-fifth street, Reed terrace to H street, 19 men. Blue Plains, Chesapeake to river to @ Branch avenue, Pennsylvania uve- nue to Alabama avenue, 29 men. | Fourth street, North Carolina ave- nue to East Capitol street, 22 men. Sixth street, East Capitol street to | In the Northeast: Bates road, Brookland avenue to 43 men. Randolph street and South Dakota avenue, 29 men. North Capitol street and Michigan avenue, 22 men. Simms place, Trinidad to Montello gvenue (two projects), 54 men. Tenth street. Michigan avenue to Naylor road, 35 men. South Dakota avenue and Randolph street, 25 men. In the Northwest: Dexter street, Forty-fourth street to Foxhall road, 25 men. ‘Thirty-ninth street and Massachu- setts avenue, 20 men. Forty<fourth and Jennifer streets, 32 men. Forty-fifth and Harrison streets, 27 men. Dexter street, Forty-fourth street to Foxhall road, 26 men. Chesapeake street, Forty-fourth to Forty-sixth streets, 28 men. Forty-fifth and Harrison streets, 25 men. . Forty-fourth and Jennifer streets, 25 men. Forty-fourth street south of Reser- voir road, 25 men. X Harvard street entrance to Zoo, Adams Mill road (7 projects), 186 men. Northampton street, Thirty-second street and Thirty-third street, 21 men. Broad Branch road, Nevada avenue to Rock Creek Park (2 projects), 34 men Warren street, Forty-fourth to Forty- sixth streets, 23 men. Ellicott street, Forty-sixth to River road, 28 men. Forty-fifth street, Hoban road te Foxhall road (3 projects), 71 men. ‘Thirty-sixth and Q streets (alley), 25 men. Hurst Terrace and Fulton street, 28 men. Forty-sixth and Ellicott streets, 30 men. Foxhall road, Canal to Reservoir road, 21 men. Blair road, Aspen to Bates streets, 15_men. Fourteenth street, Somerset Tuckerman street, 23 men. Thirteenth and Tuckerman streets, 27 men. Emerson street, east of New Hamp- shire avenue, 27 men. Van Ness street, Wisconsin avenue to Nebraska avenue, 40 men. Ward Circle, Massachusetts and Ne- braska avenues, 26 men. MAN LISTED AS GIRL to ] AUGUST 1, 1935. Scenes today as the District works relief program was launched, with 1,420 laborers starting work on 56 highway jobs and 160 on Federal projects. Above are workmen breaking cement on a highway project near Forty-forth and Ellicot streets. Below, men terracing the cliff that fronts the Harvard street entrance of the Zoological Park. <« 1300 EMPLOYES LOSE U. S. JOBS 400 More Face Similar Fate in Coast and Geodetic Field Service. Approximately 1900 field employes L | of the Coast and Geodetic Survey quicksilver. and this year they were were jobless today and 400 others here or three weeks, the Works Progress Administration having refused a | grant of $5,000,000 to allow the group 'w carry on important engineering op- erations for another year. Fight Over Pay Rates. Trouble over pay rates, caused by rated it would be their political | the reported insistence of Harry L. Hopkins, works progress director, that the “relief” scale be adhered to, put a summary stop to the bulk of the work yesterday, when a temporary al- | lotment ran out. It was said that the fund still remaining can be used here for a short while to enable the cffice | force to go a little further with some ! of the studies. The fleld force was notified yesterday that they were through. Such work has been in progress as laying bases for mapping the entire country: earthquake investigation to reduce loss of life and property de- struction in populous areas by de- signing bridges, dams and other structures to resist earthquake stresses; air mapping and moderniz- ing sailing charts. Begun Under Hoover. The work was started in the Hoover administration in & smaller way, but was expanded under the Public Works Administration. The office force here, college trained for the most part, have been getting from $1,600 to $1,- §00 annually. In the feld, the aver- age for both trained and untrained, is about $115 monthly. The new relief scale puts a “top” of $95 monthly on skilled labor and $55 for unskilled, monthly. The average cost per man, including ma- terials, is $1,143. Officials in charge of the project said it was impossible to carry on under this figure. MARINES ANNOUNCE SHIFT AT QUANTICO Fleet Force Headquarters Will Be Transferred to San Diego. Enlisted Men to L'mve. Official announcement of the shift of Fleet Marine Force headquarters from Quantico, Va, to San Diego, Calif—a change that will transfer a number of high-ranking Washingto- nians in the service—was made today by Marine Corps headquarters. Brig. Gen. Louis McCarty Little, acting commandant of the Marine Corps, said, however, the only en- listed men to be transferred at this time are attached to the staff and number about 30. It was previously announced that some 600 enlisted men would be shipped away from Quantico and their places filled with recruits, but ap- parently these plans have been aban- doned. Gen. Little said the bulk of the Fleet Marine Force now at Quantico will remain there. Official orders published today show Maj. Gen. Charles H. Lyman on September 1 will be relieved from duty as commanding general of the Fleet Marine Force and will continue as commanding general of the Marine Base at Quantico. A month hence, Brig. Gen. Douglas C. McDougal, now commanding the Marine Base at San Diego, will become the new command- ing general of the Fleet Marine Force. GRAZING BILL PASSED —_— The Senate yesterday passed the House bill amending the Taylor graz- ing act to increase the public domain avallable for grazing districts from 80,000,000 to 142,000,000 acres. It now goes back to the House for concurrence~in amendments. Trade With U, 8. Gains. Trade between the United States and French. West Africa is gaining rapidiy. . ) FILIPNOS LOOKING 10 QUEZON RULE Pioneer in Fight for Inde- pendence Expected to Be First President. (Editor’s note—This is the third of a series of nine articles describ- ing the attitude of the Filipinos toward their approaching inde- pendence, the problems that lie in their path and how they are likely to meet these problems.) BY JUNIUS B. WOOD. MANILA, Philippine Islands (N.A. N.A.)—"“The speaker of the evening needs no introduction—" saves a lot of words for any toastmaster or audi- ence, and Manuel L. Qifezon and Ser- glo Osmenya are sufficiently known in the United States of today. They have made so many pilgrim- ages to Washington in the cause of Philippine independence and have been so consistently mentioned in all news from the islands on that subject that their names are synonymous with the cause. As there is only one office of President and both aspired to be the PFilipino George Washington, there was some difficultf at first. Aguinaldo Alse Candidate. Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo, another can- didate, may need some introduction to the present generation. He was leading an insurrection against the Spaniards A A A TAXSUITS WIN AGREEMENT Conferees Also Decide to Accept Restoring of Ex- port Debenture. By the Associated Press. Working rapidly toward agreement, House and Senate conferees on the A. A. A. amendment bill tentatively agreed today to accept Senate pro- visions permitting sul for recovery of processing taxes and for restoratici of the export debenture program. The agreements on these two pro- visions, together with yesterdsy's agreement to strike out all price- fixing provisions, eliminated much of the disputed matter. It was explained that none of the conferees’ actions could be finally ac- cepted until the return of Chairman Smith, Democrat, of South Carolina, of the Senate Agriculture Committee, one of the conferees. Agreement by the House conferees to accept the Senate provision per- mitting suits for recovery by processors who could prove they had not passed the tax on to producers or consumers was a set-back to the administration. A flat prohibition against recovery of any processing taxes paid in the crop- control program was sought by the administration and written into the | House bill. in 1896, two years before the islands were ceded to the United States. He went to Hongkong. The American Navy brought him back to continue the fighting, but the mild-mannered school teacher did not understand in- dependence as. meaning merely a change in masters, and he set up the first Philippine Republic. Our soldiers collapsed under the tropical sun, foundered in rice paddies and nursed bolo and machete cuts for several years | before he was subdued. He promised to kept out of politics, and, while never renouncing independence, in later years openly supported the pro- gram of the United States and pa- tiently waited until independence was granted. | Bishop Gregorio Aglipay, head of the Philippine Independent Church, is the only other serious candidate for President. He is a militant, mid- dle-aged cleric who withdrew from the Roman Catholic Church and built up a sect of several hundred thou- sand followers whose tenets are judged to be a mixture of Catholicism and Unitarianism. In several provinces of the islands he will receive a heavy vote. Quezon Election Assured. Few doubt that Quezon will be elected President. Osmenya is as- | sured of election as Vice President, as there is no other candidate. Each is 56, Quezon a few months the elder. | Through the years they have sepa- rated and united like two drops of | | separated, each a candidate for the | faced a like prospect in the next two | highest office when the campakn started. “The Yanco twins of politics,” Gen | Aguinaldo dubbed them without a | | smile when he talked with me. “They | take opposite sides merely to fool | the Filipinos, but they are always together, for, if they ever were sepa- | death.” That is a pure Filipino simile. The Yanco twins, grown together at birth and now full-grown men, are the Siamese twins of the Philippines. Once I watched them play a game | of billiards .with each other, ground rules being that one must not move when the other had the cue. Occupies Quaint Quarters. Aguinaldo's campaign headquarters are ay from the center of Manila {in a rambling frame building along the crowded docks of the Pasig River. Across its front is a big sign, “Vet- erans de la Revolucion,” and he is in the Vetera@s' Club room, on the second floor. Faded framed pictures | are on the walls. One shows the Aguinaldo army headquarters in San Miguel in the Biak-na-bata Mountains in 1897, a big thatched house on bamboo poles. Barefoot soldiers are in front and on the balcony are a group of insurrecto leaders and four Spanish officers, one of them Primo de Rivero, then a lieutenant colonel and later dictator of Spain. At that time Aguinaldo agreed to go to Hongkong and Spain promised the islands representation | in the Spanish Cortes and to limit | the power of the friars. He went, but Spain, possibly for lack of time, did neither. Another is of inauguration day of 23, 1899, after the Uni‘ca States was in possession. It shows the Plaza of Malolos, more barefoot soldiers, | cheering men and women, a band, Congressmen with silk hats and others | | Paterno in an open-facea phaeton. Memento of Laie King. Then there is a diploma of the Spanish Red Cross, presented to “the President of the Filipino Republic” by the late King Alfonso X1l of Spain, in 1903, though Aguinaldo had sur- rendered to the United States March 23, 1901, and the insurrection had ended 13 months iater. A smaller photograph is of his stafl .of those years—grim, mustached, hard young men, much different from their status of today, for one is now a judge, an- other the director of hewith and a third a governor. Finally, too new to gather dust, is a photograph of the Philippine constitutional conven- tion of 1934. Aguinaldo seems anever to change, dignified, self-possessed, quiet spoken, the same slow smile and square-cut pompadour without a white hair, though he is 66. He says the people are ready for independence and are tired of being misled by their leaders, and that independence should come in three or five years, nit 10 years. Bishop Aglipay’s platform also calls for a change in rulers, meaning Que- zon and Osmenya. “I do not fear their wealth or in- fluence, but we must fight against fraud at the polls,” Aguinaldo de- clares. (Ce ht. 1935. by the North American opm:m o y the 4 m”mer (To be continued.) WOMEN CLOSE SESSION Presbyterian Auxiliary Training School Names Officers. MONTREAT, N. C., August 1 (#).— The Woman's Auxiliary Training School of the Presbyterian Church in the United States closed its an- nual session here last night. About 1,000 women attended. New officers of the Advisory Com- Frank Gray, secretary, Mrs. J. M. Edenfield, Jack- sonville, Fis. ¢ | the first Philippine Republic, January | with none, and President Alejandro | r Wheat Acreage Cut. | Meanwhile, Chester Davis, A. A. A. chief, assured wheat farmers their adjustment contracts would not be volded by any possible retroactive emtect of an adverse Supreme Court aecision, as he announced a 15 per cent redyction in wheat acreage next year for those who signed adjustment "cnnlrarts. Davis said: | “Even if an adverse decision by | the Supreme Court should materialize | at some future time, the contract in { its present form is admirably devised | to protect both the farmers and the Government. “The Government would have both | & moral and legal obligation to com- | pensate farmers fully for performance | up to the date of such a decision. The Government, in fairness and honesty, would pay, and legally would be | bound to pay in full for their com- pliance up to that time, but not be- yond that time.” Four-year Pacts Wait. While the A. A. A. made public de- tails of the new four-year wheat ad- | justment contracts for 1936-39, in- | clusive, it was indicated the contracts will not be offered to farmers until after final passage of the A. A. A. amendments. Likewise, it was reported that the Farm Administration will not deter- mine the amount of benefit payments for the rye program—Ilaunched this | year—until the amendments are passed. In the 1934 wheat contracts, farm- ers were required to reduce acre- age 15 per cent and this year 10 | per cent. Announcement of the re- | duction this year was held up for sev- eral days while officials studied pros- pects for black rust damage in the Spring wheat area. ARREST BY JAPANESE OF BRITON PROTESTEC London Makes on Hearing Subject Suffered Representations Severe Treatment. By the Associated Press. LONDON, August 1.—Sir Samucl Hoare, foreign secretary, told the House of Commons today that the British government had made repre- | sentation to Japan concerning the ar- rest of a British subject He said the Briton, named Mason, was arrested by Japanese police June 29 in Hsinking, Manchukuo, and de- tained until July 2. “He appeared to have suffered se- vere treatment,” said Sir Samuel “and to have been refused permission to communicate with the consul general at Mukden.” Mason is in the employ of the British-American Tobacco Co. BAND CONCERTS. By the Soldiers’ Home Band at the bandstand at 5:30 d'clock. John S. M. Zimmerman, bandmaster; Anton Pointner, associate leader. March, “The Elite”__ Zimmerman Overture, “Fierrabras” Schubert | Morceau de concert, mmenoi Ostrow” --Rubenstein Excerpts from the comic opera, “Erminie” Jakabowski Oriental dance, “The Khedive"— Saglear | Waltz suite, “L'Estudiantina”— Waldteufel Finale, “Children of the Regiment” —Pucik “The Star-Spangled Banner.” By the Marine Band at the Dis- trict War Memorial fn Potomac Park at 7:30 pm. Capt. Taylor Branson, leader; Arthur S. Witcomb, second leader, conducting. March, “On Dress Parade”. Chambers Overture, “Milita -Mendelssohn Xylophonic solo, “Fete Boheme,” from “Scenes Picturesque”— Massenet Charles Owen. Excerpts from “Tales uf Hoffman™ —Offenbach (a) “Al Fresco”____.__.____Herbert (b) “Love's Dream After the Ball” —Czibulka Road to Trombone solo, “On the Mandalay” Fantasie, Plantation” Marines’ hymn— “The Halls vt Montezuma™ “The Star-Spanglei Banner.” “Reminiscences of the -..Chambers Senate: Debates copyright bill Votes on bus and truck regulation bill. Takes up $270,000,000 tax bill. Rules Committee continues lobby inquiry. Senate. Not expected to be in session. Finance Committee continues hear- ings on tax bill. Military Affairs Committee holds regular weekly meeting. House. Tax bill up on floor under the five- minute rule. TOMORROW.