Evening Star Newspaper, June 13, 1935, Page 10

A—-10 THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY. THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. | WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY......June 13, 1835 THEODORE W. NOYES...Editor e 0 The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: | England Rate by Carrier Within the City. Rezular Edition. 45¢ per month ar | H0c per month ar { 65¢ per month | Sunday Star . 8¢ per copy Night Final Edition | Nieht Pinal and Sunday Star 70c per month | Night Final Star 55¢ per month Collection made at the end of each rs may be sent by mail or onal 5000 | i unday St month _Orde Telihtone Nat Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. | Maryland and Virginia. Dally and Sunday ‘I yr.. $10.00; 1 mo.. R5c | ail, —only yr. 8600 1 mo. 50c Didesooty oA IR RU00H RS doe All Other States and Canada. Dafly and Sunday 1 vr..$1%.00: 1 mo. $1.00 Dallv only 1yr. $R00:1mo. 3be Sunday only 1yr. $500:1mo. B0c | Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press Is exciusively en- tiiled to the use for republication of ail credited T- r and also the vs published herein Al rights of publication of spectal dispatches herein Are also reserved = Enough Rope. | What Senator Long had in when he began his one-man filibuster yesterday is a matter of opinion. The antics of the Shriners, sometimes known as the plavboys of Masonry, may have been infectious. The Sen- ator may have been bitten by the bug without knowing it. There were a lot of Shriners in the gallery, enjoying the On the other hand, the Sen- fon to N. R. A. is well enough known. But the Senator also knows the limits of his own endurance, and these were manifestly unequal to the demands. There was, in addition, the neat trick which the Senate leaders had performed n practically emascu- Jating, in conference, the public works requiring Senate con- in appointees. That The Senate conferees mind show, ator's oppos: amendment firmation of irked Huey. had written into the amendment the provision that section 1761 of the Re- vised Statutes should not apply—this ction holding that those given recess existi was in ion could not be paid until they were confirmed That change, of which few Senators knew until Senator Gore told them about it, added to Senator Long's list of g ances against the administra- powers in to vacancies tion for patronage. destroy reasoning behind attempt at a new ustering—an attemph, take high rank such endur- the Senator Long's record for Ailf by the way, which exhibitions of ance—the Senate leaders met his challenge by the one method that would work. They let him talk. They Yet him run up a printing bill of more than $4,000; let him wear himself out him make a spectacle of himself that could end only in his defeat, and without any of the sav- ing graces that might have remained had he high prin- ciple capable of winning sympathy from the country. They gave him all the rope he wanted, and he used itsin the traditional He has undoubtedly lost pr His filibuster failed because lacked support, even from Senators critical of the N. R. A. For commonly agreed that what is left of N. R. A. should be preserved. It would have been worse than unfor- tunate to bury the remains while there still remained a spark of life. The spark is there, Even though the N. R. A. which remains is but a skeleton of its former self, it is still capable of accomplishing some good. And that good should not be denied. ‘The extensior. resolution saved through the failure of the Long fili- buster will leave about 1,500 of the | 5400 N. R. A. emploves. They will be largely occupied in appraising the Joeses from judicial nullification of N. R. A. principles. But these will not be as important as the positive #howing which may be made through preserving the principle of voluntary code agreements. A limited form of self-rule for business has been given oppertunity to assert itself. What business will make of it remains to be | &een atever among let been moved by manner, ige. it it is ————— | The old and the new are har-| monized in the region which attracts #0 many visitors. An Immense | Fgyptian obellsk commemorates | George Washington; a Greek temple houses the figure of Abraham Lin- coln and in the distance is an Assy- rian tower at Alexandria as a re- minder of ancient lore. — The parole system has developed | men who are beneficiaries of sympa- thy, though incapable of it on their own account, e e “Negligent Homicide.” In the District there is no offense in Jaw that covers the territory be- tween reckless driving and man- #laughter.” The purpose of the “negli- gent homicide” bill, which has passed both houses of Gongress, is to remedy & condition which the court officials, | the coroner and others dealing with | traffic deaths do not believe should | be permitted to exist. The experience | of these officials has been that juries | will not ordinarily convict a pomn’ charged with manslaughter, in con- | nection with a traffic death, because of the relative severity of the penalty. | The maximum sentence for man- | slaughter in the District is a fine of | $1,000 or fifteen years in jail, or-both. | In addition, the charge of man- siaughter denotes & “wilful or wan- | ton” act which cannot always be | shown to exist in traffic accidents. | “Negligent homiclde,” the new mis- | demeanor created by pending statute, will include the type of fatal acci- dent resulting from operating a ve- hicle at an “immoderate rate of speed or in a careless, reckless or negligent manner,” but not “wilfully or wan- | —always of doubtful efficacy. | reappearance in the Shrine parades | of the current week after & long ab- | day; | the Highland bagpipes from Canada. tonly.” The operation of a vehicle in ‘ a wilful or wanton manner would ordinarily result in a charge of man- slaughter, ‘The maximum penalty for negli- gent homicide is a fine of §1,000 or & § year in jail, or both. Cases may be tried in the Police Court, without in- | dictment as required in manslaughter. | This search for one remedy for the deplorable number of fatal accidents in traffic does not follow the usual course of increasing existing penalties It does create a new offense, for which a St penalty is provided. Altheugh trafic deaths are always accidents, the great majority of the accidents would be prevented by care on the part of the driver. If the act is successful in emphasizing even in small degree the consequences of carelessness, the legislation will have been justified. —— The German Navy, Anglo-German naval negotiations, according to circumstantial, though not yet official, reports, have pro- gressed to a point of practical agree- ment. They are expected to be brought, to a conclusion in London during the next forty-eight hours, following™ the return to England of Joachim von Riddentrop, Hitler's special arma- ments amtassador, who opened con- versations with the British a week ago and then went back to Germany for final instructions from the Puehrer. While she is dealing with the Nazi government on naval matters, Britain is keeping all interested powers, in= ac | cluding the United States, fully posted on developments, h suggests that | any arrangements effected at London the support of other countries and even- tually form the basis of an agree- ment to be considered at a naval con- ference in which the Germans would be invited to participate. It is stated that discussions have proceeded on the basis of a five-year building pro- w will at least in principle have gram for the Reich. Hitler seems to have made the Brit- ish an important concession demanded by them in the name of their insular naval attack, espe- Germany's secur against clally by submarines. original proposal was for a fleet which would be thirty-five per cent of the strength of the British Navy. Recog- nizing that under such a plan tjge Ger- mans might put an excessive amount of total tonnage in one category, such as U-boats, Britain‘insisted that the Reich agree to a thirty-five per cent ratio in all categories, and it {s now indicated that Hitler has assented to such a limi- tation. One report is that he accepts that percentage for a]l time, irrespec- tive of the size which other navies may attain, thus abandoning a demand for naval equality with France. In Lon- don Hitler's concessions are regarded 1s altogether substantial. They are nmistakable evidence of his desire to placate British public opinion and to curtail Great Britain's activity as a factor in European continental affairs. To what extent Nazi diplomacy is justified in thinking that this alm can be accomplished time alone will tell. Eager as John Bull is to fortify himself oy every possible means against German attack. it is not likely that he is pre- | pared to do 50 to the extent of leaving his friends and allies, especially the French, in the lurch and at the mercy | of Hitlerism and its ageressive arma- ments policy. It goes without saying that the Ger- | mans cannot enduringiy be deprived of a bigger fleet than the Versailles | treaty assigned them. If it is net granted to them by agreement, it is certain that they sooner or later will praceed to build it anyhow, just as they have set about the business of | creating an immense conscript army in defiance of Versailles prohibitions. | But the naval powers have the right, as well as the duty, to require that the Nazis do not make themselves at as they are avowedly doing on land and in the air, a menace to their neighbors and to world peace. Ger- man naval plans are sure to. be thoroughly scrutinized before they re- celve international sanction. R R A reformed convict may find many | friends in athletic circles, provided | he will give a pledge to limit him- self to an effort now and then to steal a base. = sea, R Every government goes on in a fear of despotism 'of one kind or an- other, In this respect the fickleness | of the public is something of a safe- guard. —_— e | | | The Forgotten Fife. One musical instrument almost be- loved of oldsters but aimost un- | known to youngsters is making a | sence from historic Pennsylvania avenue. To the older generations its shrill notes are reminiscent of his- toric parades of the golden nineties | and all the way back to the Civil War | It may be termed barbaric, | but it is not exotic, like the piercing reed pipes of the Oriental band or It is the fife, and many a man and | | woman with graying or with white hair was delighted to hear it again. | At least one Shrine temple brought a | drum-and-fife corps along. Once it was omnipresent in Amer- | ican parades, but of recent years one never hears it, and one wonders why. If there be anything more stirring to | the blood than fifes shrilling out some old familiar simple air, with drums rolling the proper accompaniment, it does not exist commonly in this country. The simple tube of wood or metal, embryo of the facile flute, pro- duces dividends of inspiration far in excess of either its difficulty or its expense. The bugle-and-drum corps has almost entirely superseded the fifesand-drum band whiclh played such a prominent part in the inaug-' urals of all Presidents up to that of the elder Roosevelt; that thrilled the thousands gathered to witness Ad- miral Dewey's triumphal return; that performed so lustily at the great G. A, R. reunion in 1892 and the Knights A Templar encampment of the late eighties, and that resounded here by day and by night from 1861 to 1865. Bugles and trumpets are moving and melodious; the symphonic erash of the full band is the acme of mil- itary music, but the fife occuples & sphere all its own. It is strange, but true that two primitive—almost barbaric— instruments, the drum and the fife, can do things to nerves at the nape of the neck, which are themselves | vestiges of primitive man's hackles, | that no other combination can ac- complish and may hereabout! it be heard more often ) An Unfortunate Weather Kink. For a time last night it looked as though the Shrine parade, like traditional performances on the stage, would “go on” despite the in- clemency of the weather., It was drizzling when the column started and the drizzle became heavier and heavier until it was a downpour. But the marchers kept their course. down the Avenue, before the dampened spectators who had held their places. It was a sad spectacle, greatly dis-/ appointing to all, Shriners and on- lookers. Then when less than half of the units had made their way along the line of march the rain, Which had slackened now and again to give rise to hope of clearance, became & deluge and the order was wisely given to disband and the parade was over. Washington, though sorry, has no apologies to offer for this disap- pointment. The elements were not within its control. Twelve years ago | rain slightly marred the festivities of the Shrine convention, but it was actually & welcome relief from the intense heat that had prevailed for hours. This year the temperature had been all that could be desired, and there were forecasts of possible showers today, By some kink of the the showers came ahcad of time. Perhaps that was fortunate after all. For if one of the night parades had to be prevented or marred the choice would fall upon that of last night rather than that of to- night, which is planned on an ex- ceptional scale of beauty and signifi- conditions cance. Let it be hoped that nature has done its worst in the case and that tonight will the concluding feature of the bril- liant display of Shrine demonstra- tions. SRR Cht s S A twelve-m!le limit was ignored by maritime bootleggers. If the next war against smugglers is to be fought in | the air a sixtv-mile limit may not suf- fice for protection against clandestine alcghol. RS- Fault-finding with the United States Constitution naturally chal- lenges protesting statesmanship to produce a better document for con- sideration. Pl The European situation is normal to the extent that france and Ger- many are afraid of each other as usual. . ———eee In the war on crime “G men" means | “Government men” as well as “gun men.” et SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Weatherwise. It's a part of the game when you try to foretell What the weather is going to be. Your bright, preparations you're man- aging well For a future abounding in glee. But no matter how nestly the stag you have set, There is room for & voice that com- plains. The question that frequently has to be met “Is what'll' you do if it rains?” ‘When pageantry calls on the stars and the moon To take a subordinate part In the luminous splendor that fades all too soon If the weather discourages art, The fear of adversity cannot compel, Along with our hearty refrains, | We'll lift our umbrell and well say “All is well,” ‘When honest good fellowship reigns. Party Policies. “Have you any ideas about a new _party?’ “I have,” answered Senator Sor- ghum. “But I doubt if they will work. Mother and the girls. are trying to persuade me that there “is political value in social leadership founded on a cocktail party.” Jud Tunkins says George Washing- ton was one of the Free Masons who worked hard and missed all the fun they might have had if they had lived to be Shriners. Peace. Now what is Peace? 'Tis not & dove That symbolizes “perfect love™: It's not the threat that, for awhile, Hides 'neath a diplomatic smile. Peace is the Faith that is displayed In sport's arena or in trade; The sample Word of Honor true That sanctifies an I. O. U. Reformer. “Are you a reformer?” inquired the severe woman. “I'll say I am,” sald the busy lady. “No form ever goes out of here the same as it cameé in. This is a corset shop.” ~ The Cult in Agriculture. ‘The farmer is & happy man. Experience brings him knowledge Superior to what he can Acquire from any ‘eollege. He'd rather rise at early morn And view the pigs in clover Than meet statistics all forlom. And they to count them over. “Life is like a hoss race,” sai@ Uncle Eben. " “Sittin’ in de judges’ around de track to win purses.” More power to the fife, | the | be fair end clear for | A strangely familiar bird cry rang through the branches of our trees. Never in our life had we heard fit, | we felt sure, yet there was something vastly familiar in it. ‘We could not see nor even locate the creature, it was so elusive, so de- | termined to keep hidden in the feath- | ery foliage of the locusts. Its song was easily remembered, and. with some practice, easily | whistled. The song was of seven notes, clear and distinct. with the peculiar minor | quality distinctive of most bird mel- odies. Hence an exact rendition by human | mouth was impossible, except from | the lips of some one of these geniuses who specialize in such things. | 2 EEEE | No one we approached, even those who ought to know, knew which bird | | this was. Perhaps the rendition of | the song had something to do with this failure, yet the upshot led us to | worider if many people really know much about birds, after all. Surely this must be one of the best known of birds, we reasoned, although it had not graced our trees in five years, of that we were certain. Amid the songs of the thrushe | robins, blue jays, catbirds and various members of the sparrow family this one stood out, with & peculiar quality, | as if it were ground out steadily by | | an old hand organ. | It was high, sweet, clear, almost al- |4 variation of the whistle, we were | ways the same, most oftem with ex- | | actly seven notes, but sometimes with | just five. * % X% | It is not possible to represent, in spoken syilables, the song of any bird. There is no gainsaying, however, that such representation is better than none at all. We will show pres- | ently how this helped in the iden- tification of the bird under discussion. ‘The wide range of bird life makes & very perplexing problem for the | average person, especially him or her who later in life comes to the place where this identification becomes of interest While there are any number of books on the market, posing as aids, | all oo many of them presuppose a | knowledge that the amateur does not possess, | Such a person will find he makes | the best approach by attempting to | decide upon the size, color and song of the unknown bird. | By ascertaining the general color- | ation he is much helped in going ' through any book of bird descriptions. In regard to size, he must be on | his guard against regarding them as | smaller than they are. The length of the English sparrow, for instance, is given in most books as 65 inches, | whereas the. average person would say, “Oh, about 2 inches long." A length of 8 inches is not very | large for a bird. As for songs, we have seen many ways of putting them on paper. from | syllables, to musical notes, to quite the latest, a representation of the up-and- | down characters in song film, . or o | Our search for the elusive bird led | to a neighbor, who said that she had seen it. | STARS, MEN BY THOMAS The fire bomb—presumably already perfected—will be one of the terrors of the next war. Airplanes will shower them by the thousands over city roofs. according to an article in this month's Military Surgeon, organ of the United States | Army Medical Corps, by Lieut. Col.| | Jules Voncken, Belgian medical officer | and secretary general of the Interna- tional Congress of Military Medicine | and Pharmacy. This fire bomb, Col. Voncken inti- mates, promises to be the most strik- ing and effective new weapon of future warfare. It has, at least, actually | been developed, while more deadly gases and methods of dispersing and controlling bacteria remain in a neb- | ulous stage. | “It s deplorable,” writes Col. Voncken, “that such scanty attention has been given to the roll of fire in war of the future, Aero-chemical | warfare will be surpassed in devastat- ing effects by areo-incendiary warfare. | Bombs now in use develop a combus- tion’ temperature of 2,000 degrees centigrade. They induce combustion of comparatively uninfliammable sub- | stances. Fire will break out regard- less of atmospheric conditions. Easily combustible substances may be ignited | from long distances by rays. | | “It is probable such weapons will | become deadlier in the future. The | danger is increased by the difficulty of extinguishing such fires, Use of water will be prohibited on account | of its producing violent explosions. These incendiary bombs, it must be added, are of very small size, their | weight being from five-tenths to one kilogram. The reason is to insure an easy penetration into attics and upper stories of buildings. An ordinary plane can carry about 1,000 such bombs. The passage of a single plane of ordinary type over a city would cause about 200 fires in a very short time. Let us think of a squadron of such planes, carrying five tons. It { could drop 60,000 such bombs on a | city and cause 15,000 fires.” There will be a branch of aviation, | Col. Voncken says, “charged with at- tacking & country as & whole with millions of tons of explosives. It is almost certain that in & new war there will be evolved & new gas, & pew toxic composition, which will far surpass in power the vessicants, lechrymators and sternultators that we know. Bat- tlefields, cities, everything of military importance, troops, concentrations of personnel, every place with signs of human existence will surely be ex- posed to devastation by firearms and be engulfed in a chemical atmosphere and in a fog as asphyxiants and corrosives.” Speaking as a medical officer, Col. Voncken continues: “Too much has been said of the use of bacteria to rd the possibility. Man holds in his hands billlons of the most deadly organisms of epidemic and in- fectious disease, and thus has this power of destruction. The idea of how to use it has germinated in his mind for sc long that it is too late to check the thought.” * X ¥ x green flash—a green fire ball in the heavens on the rim of the ris- hich once in a lifetime. et S 1 b F. v - b Laboratory of the \ qui .cu.';m:gmmnym a ball of green fire, preceding the first | Theta Fraternity whistle, | all his glory, an THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. It was a small grsy bird, she said, with a black crest. Well, that was something. . In Neltfje Blanchan's book, “Bird Neighbors,” we looked for the sec- tion on cusky, gray and slate-colored birds. ‘This led to the description of the tufted titmouse, sometimes. called the crested titmouse, or crested tomtit. “About the size of an English spar- Tow,” saild the book. “One might sometime think his whistle, like a tugboat’s, worked by steam,” it continued. Ah, ha! ‘That was exactly the way our bird sang! Let us look further. Sure enough, there was the song put into words: “Heedle-deedle-dee-dle-dee!” Previously we had tried to give some idea of it by describing it as: “Peeper-peeper-peeper-peep!” “Cheeper-cheeper-cheeper-cheep!” Every dog pricks up its ears at the song, sald our book. Yes, it had that quality. Then, all of a sudden, it came to us that it was, with one slight modi- ficatlon, the same as the Phi Delta which we had whistled so often in younger and more impressionable years, * ox % x . There stood thg tufted titmouse, in it was a pleasure to know him, and now to be able to recognize his song wherever we might hear it. Owing to the past association with immediately attracted to it, and quite sure that we had never heard it be- fore from the throat of its originator. We felt reasonably sure that none of the species had been in the vicin- ity for several years. This is one of the pleasures of amateur bird studies carried on strictly in one’s own back yard. Every year brings new birds that have not been there before, 1t is fashionable for tome people interested in birds to claim that all the birds, large and small, visit their | vard every year, but it simply isn't true. There have been more birds this season than in the last five vears, at least, and their songs have been louder and clearer, especially in the joyous morning serenade, which be- gins about 4:30 a.m,, depending on the dawn. It any one thinks new birds do not visit his garden it is because he | does not recognize them, either by sight or song Every ear is not attuned to such things. Nor is every cne awake, either, to hear the first cheeps of the day. Learning to like this morning serenade is not easy. At first it seems more noise than tune. Several years may be required, in some cases, for the true sweetness of the sounds to be realized. Then the matin song of the birds becomes one of the high lights of the day. It is with genuine pleasure that we announce the crested titmouse. It may be old to you, dear reader, but it's new to us. Most new things have a value be- cause of their novelty. Happily, bird songs become sweeter with the years. “Heedle-deedle-dee-dle-dee!” AND ATOMS Notebook of Science Progress in Field, Laboratory and Study. R. HENRY, glimpse of the sun. The whole lasted two or three seconds. Long billows of clouds covered nine-tenths of the sky. but it was clear three or four degrees above the eastern horizon.” Twice before, at sunset, he has observed the same phenomenon, Da- vies says. The green flash, he ex- plains, s a light refraction effect, although it sometimes has been in- terpreted as an “after image’” due solely to physiological processes in the eye of the observer. The rim of the sun is just below the horizon. Ow- ing to dispersion, the blue and green rays of its spectrum are more power- fully refracted, or bent, than the red | and yellow. Thus the very edge of the disk, as it appears or disappears, is not orange, but yellow-green or blue-green. The fact that the flash sometimes is seen and sometimes not probably is due to the temperature difference between the atmosphere and the wa- ter. With the water colder than the air, the normal gradient of refrac- tive index of the air would be in- creased by chilling of the layer near the water. With the water warmer, the reverse would be the case and conditions would be highly unfavor- able for the appearance of the green flash. The observer of the green flash is “seeing” at little farther over the edge of the earth than is normally possible because of this increased bending of light rays. Theoretically, conditions can be imagined under which one might see all the way around the earth. The radius of the curvature of a ray of light traveling parallel to the earth’s surface is normally about seven times greater than the radius of the earth. But, as explained by Prof. R. W. Wood of Johns Hopkins University, “it is possible to conceive of an atmosphere with a density gra- dient sufficient to lessen the radius of the ray to the radius of the planet. If such conditions prevailed, a ray would travel completely around the planet, if the atmosphere were per- fectly transparent. In some cases We may even have an atmosphere | with a density gradient sufficient to give us an even smaller radius of curvature.” o % % Men without ears are not uncom- mon among the natives of Guatemala engaged in gathering chicle, the basic ingredient of chewing gum. The loss of ears is the result of a disease which is being studied under the auspices of the Carnegle Insti- tution of Washington—the great peculiarity of which is that it seems entirely confined to men actually en- gaged in chicle gathering. It never appears in towns or among the women and children who accompany the men to the forest camps. It occurs only during the SEAsON. S. T. Clarke, the Carnegie Institu- tion investigator, has been unable to find the source of the disease, but believes that some jungle animal must act as & reservoir for the disease and that it is transmitted to men by Insects. — e Burglar's Sense of Anatomy. #rom the Grand Isiand (Nebr.) Tndependent. The burglar who stuck his revolver in the pit of his victim's stomach and told him to hold up his hands or he would blow out his brains is & poor student of anatomy. —_———— Russian Bigness. Prom the Watertown (N. ¥.) Times. Russia ought to be satisfied. She had the largest airplane and the larg- est airplane accident. , JUNE 13 The Political Mill By G. Gould Lincoln. CHICAGO, I, June 12.—When the Supreme Court, through its de- cision in the Schechter casé declaring the N. R. A. unconstitutional, called a sudden halt to the extension of Federal power it gave the Republican Midwest “grass roots” conference & great boost. Undoubtedly this was far from the thoughts of the nine emi- nent jurists who handed down the unanimous opinion. But it had that effect nevertheless, And how the grass rooters went to it; there was| presented to the people, so the Re- publicans claim, an issue which they can not only understand, but which | makes an appeal, It has the same | kind of appeal that the campaign against the League of Nations had in 1920, when another Democratic Presi- dent sought to get away from the | teachings of George Washington— the avoidance of entangling relations with foreign nations. President Roosevelt and the New Dealers are | charged with seeking to get away | from the principles laid down by the | founders of the U. S. A, principles | which call for the division of State and PFederal power, and for freedom | of individaul effort and initiative. It looks as though Mrs. George B. | Simmons, the Missourl “farm wom- an,” had actually given a new life to | individualism when she declared in | | her address to the grass rooters that | | individualism, rugged or otherwise, | | was & matter of real vaiue to Ameri- | | can citizens. The New Dealers for a | | couple of years have been sneering at } rugged individualism as an outworn | state. However, if they had heard | | the crowd cheering Mrs. Simmons | when she came to the defense of the individualist, they would have been a | bit bewildered | N But to get back lo the Supreme Court for 2 moment. Until that tri- | bunal spoke in unmistakable accents it looked very much as though there wAs no way on earth to check the Roosevelt New Dealers in their march to unlimited power, centered in the Federal Government in Washington, and more particularly in the hands | of the President. The court, how- | ever, brought those d*manding an increase of power up with a round turn. And then President Roosevelt, in what promises to be Lhe most ce| brated press conference ever held so far in the White House, declared the “issue” as he saw it. It looks as though the issue would stick. It was an issue which, up until this time, the New Dealers have been able to laugh off or to avoid. But the Presi- dent stepped right up and made it | tangible. Within & few hours some of the Democrats started back-tracking on this issue. Senator Robinson of Ar- kansas isrued a statement denying that the President nad made an at- tack, in his statement to the press on States’ rights. Others since then have declared that the President’s remarks were misinterpreted and the implications were grossly exaggerated by the newspapers. It would be inter- | esting if the President’s statements to the press on that occasion had been given out officially and from a steno- graphic report. But for some reason this was not done at the time. The (unnnlmltv of the reports of the con- | ference and its implications, however, | leaves the burden on the President and those Democrats who do not wish to see the constitutional issue carried into the campaign. * x % % It was less than a year ago that | Democrats were campaigning for elec- | tion to Congress, declaring the Re- | publican arguments that the New | | Deal was unconstitutional were futile. ! | A Democratic Senator, elected last November in Indiana, declared in his campaign speeches that “you couldn't eat the Constitution” Other Demo- | cratic comments were made to the effect that the Constitution could not clothe the people nor keep them warm. It remains to be seen whether | this lukewarmness to the Constitution | { will be carried by the Democrats into | the next campaign. The American | | people are moved quickly, after all | What may have been popular last year may not be so popular next. | * ok x % | In the “indictment” of the Roose- | velt New Deal administration and the President himelf, adopted with a whoop at the Grass Roots Conference in Springfield, there was one para- graph which amazed some of the ob- ! servers and caused them amusement. That paragraph attacked Roosevelt for getting away from the teachings of Thomas Jefferson. the patron saint, not of the G. O. P., but of the Demo- | cratic party. It was, these observers | | said, very much as if one woman had attacked another because the latter did not “obey” her husband. It was just butting in on a family affair. | Well, apparently that is just what the | Republicans are seeking to do. They |are butting in on the affairs of the Democratic party in the hope that they will be able to wean away from Roosevelt the support of a lot of Dem- | | ocrats who down in their hearts have | no use for the New Deal program. All | through the Grass Roots Conference, | from the speech of former Gov. Frank O. Lowden of Illinois on down the line, were invitations to the Demo- crats “who believe in the Constitu- {tion” to hop into the Republican | camp. The conference even put on a | demonstration in its final session, | when Chairman John D. M Hamilton | referred to the ‘“real leader” of New | | York democracy and the band struck up “The Sidewalks of New York.” And | later, when the names of Senators Har- ry Flood Byrd and Carter Glass of | Virginia and Senator Millard Tdyings | of Maryland, all Democrats who have | been critics of the New Deal program, | were mentioned by speakers, they were enthusiastically cheered. It looks, therefore, as though the criticism | | of Roosevelt for getting away from | | the teachings of Thomas Jefferson was not an innocent mistake on the | | part of the drafters of the indictment. | | ¥ o i Overshadowed by the importance of | the N. R. A. decision, the opinion of | the Supreme Court handed down in the Humphrey case had comparatively | little publicity. Yet it was in that decision, also ‘unanimous, that the | Supreme Court took a real and per- | | sonal swat at the President. He had | | removed from office the late Federal | Trade Commissioner Humphrey, a Re- publican of the regular type, because his ideas did not run on all fours wit] those of- the President, although the law specified that appointments of the commissioners ran for certain terms | of years and that removal could only be for cause. Mr. Roosevelt gave no cause. Indeed, he had wriiten a letter commending Humphrey for his service not long before. The removal of H was held to be beyond the law by the court. Had the case gone otherwise, a precedent would have been created for the removal without cause of any official appointed by Presidents. Perhaps, after the N. R. A. decision, at a later date, heads of the Supreme Court justices might have fallen into the basket. * x ¥ X A piece of political gossip from the Hoosier State is that former Senator Arthur Robinson is campaigning quiet- ly for the presidential nomination of the Republicans, Robinson was defeated by Senator Minton, Demo- | little as courtesy ANSWERS TO QUESTION BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN, A reader can get the answer to any question of fact by writing The Evening 3tar Information Bureceu, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Please inclose stamp for reply. Q. What music will be used in the Max Reinhardt production of “Mid- ‘\summgr Night's Dream”?—C: 8. A. Prof. Erich Wolfgang Korngold, Viennese composer, collaborated with Mr. Reinhardt in this production, One hour and twenty minutes of the film will be devoted to the Mendels- sohn music arranged by Prof. Korn- gold. Q. Is it true that Canadian news- papers do not have Sunday editions such s American newspapers pub- | lish?—D. H. A. The Canadian Government In- formation Bureau says: “The practice of Canadian daily papers is to issue their large week end edition, which corresponds to the Sunday edition of the United States papers, on Satur- | day. In one or two cases they are called Sunday papers, aithough we understand they are actually printed on Saturday. The Vancouver Prov- ince issues & Sunday edition, and there may be one or two others which do the same.” Q. Where is Bill Brown's training camp?>—V, C. B A. At Brownsdale, West Point. N. Y. opposite Q. When a Federal employe makes out an income tax return, must the 3!, per cent retirement fund deduc- tion be listed in the salary received or -can it be deducted from the amount?—W., J. D. A. The 3'; per cent retirement fund | deductions must be listed as salary received It is regerded as salary conclusively received and paid out for the privilege of an annuity. which is a personal expense and not deduct- ab Q. Is the aciress, Anna Held, liv- ing?—L. G A. She died in 1918 Q. Can any nation join the Soviet Union?’—G. M A. Any nation anywhere in world can join the Soviet Union. It is the Union of Socialist Soviet Re- iblics and any nation which adopts the Socialist soviet system can join the union if it wants to. the Q What are the lines regarding courtesy that are on the walls of the Irvington Beach Hotel>—W. C. B A. They are: “Few things cost so or are worth so much.” Q. What caused the Sahara to be- come a desert? What is its altitude? —W.W.C A. Geologists are not of the opin- ion that it was a former sunken sea and the precise reason has not been determined fully. Some parts of the Sahara are below sea level, while the highest point is 8.800 feet. Many sec- tions are 1,000 feet high. Q. What pay were private soldiers given in the World War by the United States, Great Britain France and Italy?—F. E. A. United States, $1 per day; Great Britain, 36 cents a day; France, 5 cents & day; Itaiy, 2 to 4 cenis a day. » Q. How many tpecics of American birds have become extinct?—J. M. A. Eight species of North Amer- ican birds have become extinet in the past 35 years. Q Is it true that James Thorne Smith, the author, died befor> fin- ishing “The Glorious Pool.” and that the latter half is written by some one else?—H. F. H A. This is trus, However, ne left | & draft of the major portion of the | maruscript and notes on the bal- | ance, which were subjected to editing | to bring into shape. Q. What is a feuilieton?—P. M. A. The literary section of & French newspaper, usually appearing on the | lower portion of the first page. It ‘ includes essays, critcisms and fiction, the last named of the serial type. In America the magazine section of a daily paper corresponds o the feuilleton. Bertin, the elder, tnvented | the system in France, Q. Who said: “I count life just stuf to try the soul's strength on, educe the man"?—E. M. A. The quotation is from Balcony,” by Robert Browning. Q. How is nicotine extracted from tobacco?—J, K. A. There are two general methods of extracting aicotine from tobaceo |on a commercial scale, In either case the tobacco refuse or stems i first mixed with s small amount of alkali, such as quick lime, in crder to liberate the nicotine. In one proc- ess it is extracted by means of an organic solvent, such as gasoline, and the nicotine subsequently recovered. In the other it is subjected to steam distillation, by wh.ch process the nico- | tine is carried over with the steam. Q. What is th privting?—E. K. A. The use of fingerprints as a system of identification is of very an- clent origin and was known from the earliest days in the East, when the impression of his thumb was the monarch’s sign-manusi. A relic of this practice is »'ill preserved in the formal confirmation of a legal docu- ment by delivering it as one's “aet and deed.” The permanent character of the fingerprint was first put for- ward scientificaly in 1823 by J. E. Purkinje, an eminent professor of physiology, who read a paper ad- ducing nine standard types of im- pressions and advocating a system of classification which attracted no great attention, Q. Why are stead of square?—D. A. A round :ilo is more readily made strong structurally than is a square or rectangular shaped siln. Moreover, the round surface better lends itself to settlement of rilage than does a silo which is square- cornered. A round silo also requires less material in construction than a square silo of equal capacity, “In = “origin of finger- jlos built round in- Q. Who designed the Scottish Rite Temple in Washington, D. C.>—H. W. A. This beautiful structure, said to be reminiscent of the Mausoleum st Halicarnassus, one of the seven won- ders of the ancient world, was de- signed by John Russell Pope. Ata com- petitive exhibition heid in New York in 1917 by the Architectural League of America this temple was decreed to be the finest building erected during the preivous year, and a gold medal of honor was awarded the architect. When was Pancho Villa captured and killed?—G. G. A. He was not captured. He was killed on July 20, 1923, when an auto- mobile in which he was riding was “swept with a shower of bullets.” Q. What is filigres glass?—J. P. A. This is one of the kinds of orna- mental glass for which Venice was famous, the manufacture of which has been revived. Small filigree eanes of white and colored enamels are drawn, made of the required lengths, arranged in clusters in a eylindrical mold of the required shape, and then fused together. The canes are then aggregated by flint glass at a welding heat, and the mass twisted if a spiral onranment is desired. Vases or other objects are made of ornamental masses of this glass, blown in the usual manner, Many Editf;rs 7I;ikemPr0posal For International Conference The idea of an international confer- ence on armaments, war debts, cur- rency stabilization and world trade, proposed by Senator Tydings of Mary- land, finds considerable support among | the newspapers. enator Tydings” says the Buffalo Evening News “sees four great inter- national problems pressing for solu- tion: Depreciated currencies, war debts, armaments and embargoes. In- ternational currency stabilization is a crying need at the present time. So far as the ticklish war debt situation is concerned, Senator Tydings has put his finger on a sore spot. Most Ameri- cans are heartily opposed to cancella- tion, especially when they see Euro- pean nations engaged in another armament race. If, however. America could induce her foreign debtors and Germany to agree on a five-year holi- day, during which no military and naval expenditures were to be voted, the public of the United States might take more kindly to the suggestion that war debts be scaled down. It will, at least, do no harm to talk things over. America cannot recover by her own efforts alone, nor can other nation: The depression was and is world-wide. Recovery will be world-wide. “There is no doubt that these prob- Jems were partly responsible for the world depression and are now retarding recovery,” asserws the Columbus (Ohio) Citizen. “Every statesman agrees that they must be disposed of by interna- tional action before stable peace and prosperity are possible. All agree that these problems are ielated. Action is long overdue. The way to start is to start and the best time the quickest.” The Milwaukee Journal, on the other hand, is skeptical of the benefits to be derived from the suggestion and de- clares: “We do not want to condemn Senator Tydings. He is doing some good by advertising the necessity of considering world relations and not pretending we can have prosperity here as though the United States could be an island. A conference with the homogeneity of the convention which drew our Constitution pight be able to meet the problems of 'world depres- sion. But to call a conference with a hope of agreement, when we know in advance that some nations would re- fuse what others would consider es- sentihl, seems rather a flight into the stratosphere than a sensible aproach to concerete difficulties.” It seems to the St. Joseph (Mo) News Press that undoubtedly every one of the four problems “involves tremendous difficulties,” but that “a start must be made some time, and the longer the delay the harder it | A similer position is taken | may be.” by the Indinapolis Times, which is of the opinion that “sooner or later these | things must be settled and settled | intelligently." A “Por months, governments in Wash- ington, London and Paris have in- of the New Deal Robinson was a bitter and constant opponent. He at- tacked the President and his measures many times in Senate debate. Wheth- er he has any idea of becoming a |Cay national candidate for the presidential nomination, he might, it is said, make dulged In fruitless hints to each other to take the Jead,” states the Buffalo Times, favoring the Tydings plan. ‘Some one has to take the initiative. And, after all, what other nation is in as good a position to do s0?” The Oklahoma News agrees and argues that, “being the outstanding Nation, possessor of the world’s greatest gold hoard and burdened with surpluses of goods for which it can find no for- eign markets, the United States has much to gain from an international understanding—and nothing to lose by an attempt to obtain it.,” “Washington evidently wants a world conference on currencies and * declares the Wall Street Jour- nal. “Whether it can have one de- pends upon the kind of conference it wants. Does Washington want & conference which can be expected to accompiish something for world re= covery, in which recovery the United States participates, or does it want & conference arranged primarily to serve our special purposes, the rest of the world being expected to content itself with the leavings of our feast?” But the Worcester (Mass.) Evening Gasette feels that “until the nations can get their own domestic questions nearer settlement they will not be in a posie tion to profit by the undoubted ben- efits of a general settlement of these international problems.” Nevertheless the Port Arthur (Tex.) News maintains that, “while the pres- ent state of public opinion in the nations .of the world—including our own—-may make such proposal pre- mature, it at least indicates the real nature of the problem that con- fronts us.” —_———— Poetic Ancestry. From the Boston Transeript. It turns out that Audrey Wurdemann, who won the Pulitzer prize in poetry, had a great-great-grandfather named Percy Bysshe Shelley, who died & hundred and thirteen years ago this Summer after having himself acquired some merit a5 & poet. e ik S ! Permanent Peace. | Prom the Jackson (Miss) News The only way to make the world | permanently peaceful i= to develop races of men and women who are not fond of bossing each other. A Rhyme at Twilight | 7 By Gertrude Brooke Hamilton | Sun Song. | If you were poor and so wers I, | Under the dome of SBummer’s aky, | 'd make you jingle coins and buy | A battered car with rumble trunk And throw in it some gypsy junk; A brass-rimmed box with lock well sunk, . Two duck guns and an Indian sling, A copper pan, a trap and string, moccasins, a wedding ring. | With Summer come to road and ses, a fight for the Indiana delegation If we were poor and we were free, “?mfifllw convention, « | We'd fare to gypey Arcadyl