Evening Star Newspaper, April 5, 1935, Page 2

T HE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C. FRIDAY -2 ) , A 'APRIL b5, 1935, Sea Monster Cheated of Prey - PRESSURE BEHIND N.R.A.COURTTEST fflétice Department Held | ~Appealing Poultry Case as Sop to Critics. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. 3 Determination of the Department of Justice and the N. R. A. to press for a test in the Supreme Court of the United States on the constitu- tionality of the national jadustrial récovery act, by using the recently decided cases on the shipment and sale of allegedly diseased poultry, does | not mean the same thing as the Belcher case, dismissed by request a | week ago. The Government’s announcement | {t\diclus that the Department of Jus- ice prefers the new cases because they were exhaustively argued as to the facts, but the truth probably is that public criticism of the administration compelled the latter to go ahead with the latest case as a sop to the critics. Actually, it is the opinion of com- petent lawyers here that the Belcher case was a much stronger case than the one involving the shipment of poultry and the wages charged in the slaughter houses, and it is significant at in this instance—known as the hechter case—the Government lost bn the issue of Federal regulation of wages and hours of employment, | ¥hich was the main reason for want- | ing to have the Belcher lumber case | tried out. b4 Several Factors Admitted. % The defendants in the Schechter case What’s What Behind News In Capital New Deal Aiming at an Indefinite Higher Price Level. BY PAUL MALLON. HE current condition of hesi- tant public opinion regarding the New Deal could be con- densed into four simple ques- tions. They occurred to a wondering news editor out West, who wrote in to ask: What is the New Deal really aiming at in the way of business stability? How does President Roosevelt pro- | pose to pay off his stupendous mount= ing debt? Has he any limit on how high it will go? ‘What is holding back the circulation of money and credit? These four fundamental ques- tions were submitted privately to the four men in Washington best able to answer. The four men are not politicos of the New Deal who go running around the country bel- lowing clouds of economic speeches or who write high-toned books, wandering through fields of ethe- real economics and confusing every one. These four are the ones who do the real thinking for the New Deal, also the work. If any one knows the answers they do. for obvious reasons, but the following represents their balanced viewpoint, expressed with the sincerity which are charged with “fraudulent ship- fnent of inferior poultry in interstate ommerce,” which the United States | i:ircun Court of Appeals, in its de- | ision earlier this week in New York | ity, said was “sufficiently substantial | nd direct to warrant Federal regu- | 7 tion."” *"Now the fraudulent shipment of anything in interstate commerce, thether diseased poultry or “hot oil,” has been considered within the com- therce clause of the Federal Constitu- tlon, so if a decision is rendered that fustains the Circuit Court of Appeals # probably will be because the ship- to the level under which existing | Zment of food products in violation of city ordinances with respect to health x point is unknown, but the adminis- | and sanitation is plainly a Federal | tration believes prices are still too low. | power. There can be no doubt, either, that the Congress can delegate the right to carry on inspection and pre- vent improper shipments. But the greatest significance at- taches to the points in the code on| jndeptedness and its original dollar | which the Government lost in the Circuit Court of Appeals. Seventeen of the 19 counts related to the ship- ment of allegedly diseased poultry and the other two concerned Federal regulation by code of hours and wages. Judges Hand and Chase— the majority of the court—held that these counts “have no direct concern with interstate commerce,” being “the wages paid at the slaughter houses to employes not directly en- | gaged in interstate commerce.” The court said specifically that “the num- ber of hours of labor per week and the wages paid cannot be said to af- fect interstate commerce; they may affect intrastate commerce.” Judge Hand in his opinion drew a distinction between wages and hours in a business-like transportation which is an instrumentality of inter- state commerce itself and pointed to precedents to the effect that employes’ hours can be regulated in such con- tingencies whether the business is or 1s not itself entirely in interstate com- merce. Employes Not Transporting. But in this case the court showed that the employes were not engaged in transportation. “If Congress can control the price | of their labor,” said Judge Hand, re- ferring to the slaughter house em- ployes, “I cannot see why it may not control the rent of the buildings where | the fowl are stored, the cost of the feed they eat while there and of the | knives and apparatus by which theyi are killed. * * * “There comes a time when imported | material, like other goods, loses its interstate character and melts into the domestic stocks of the State which are beyond the powers of Congress.” The foregoing is exactly the issue | in the Goodrich cases in Akron, where the power of the National Labor Rela- tions Board is challenged with respect to rubber manufacturing as being out- side interstate commerce regulation. | 1t is also the position of the Weirton | Co., recently sustained in the Federal Court at Wilmington, Del. | Pressure Seen as Reason. So the test case on which N. R. A. is to stand or fall is one in which two of the three judges in the Cir- cuit Court of Appeals have denied that interstate commerce powers can be extended to work done on raw | materials after they have reached destination and have declared that employe-employer relations in those | activities cannot be regulated by the | Federal Government. The Department of Justice, of course, hopes to prove that the de- moralization of wage levels is a burden | on interstate commerce and sub- | stantially affects its freedom of flow. | It is difficult to see why, however, | except for pressure, the Department of Justice decided to go to bat on the Bchechter cases. (Copyright. 1935.) ICongress in Brief I By the Associated Press. TODAY. Senate: Debates food and drug bill. Mu- nitions Committee hears Clinton L. | Bardo, Considers McSwain anti-war profits Bill. Ways and Means Committee con- siders economic security bill. YESTERDAY. Senate: Heard Senator Bankhead defend cotton control act. Heard Senator Copeland charge “hidden influences” were opposing food-drug bill. House: Debated anti-war profits legisla- tion. President Harriman of United States Chamber of Commerce op- posed abolition of holding companies before Interstate Commerce Commit- TOMORROW. Senate. Probably in recess, if work relief bil¥-is disposed of today. Appropria- tiods group may continue on Interior Department bill. House. The House probably will not be in seiflon. This depends upon whether thesSenate gets the conference report i ‘before the House adjourns to- | confidence guarantees. e | The fundamental idea is to attain an indefinite higher price level, equal The precise debts were incurred. | Roughly, prices now are at 80, and | about 100 is sought. | Goal Must Be Indefinite. The goal cannot be fixed more | definitely hecause the maturity of the value are not exactly computable. Nor is it accurate to say they want a 25 per cent increase in all prices | above existing levels. Some existing | prices are almost high enough (build- | ing materials, foodstuffs). Some are | too low (rubber, shoes, zinc, ties). To state it technically, what they really want is an equalized level re- | storing the 1926, '28 and 29 balance between production and consumption. Note—Nothing new is contemplated | along this line now, except what y already know about. Mr. Roosevelt does not intend to! ray off the debt. He will let his! successors do it. He has no plans' jor monetary inflation to pay it.! be acci- | It inflation comes it will dental. His unannounced plan calls for thrée | methods of payment. First, with the advances (about $3,400,000,000). This money has been loaned out by the Government. It will be applied to the debt later when repaid. Secondly, he will use the $2,000,000,000 of gold profit which he has not yet used. To- gether, these twa items will pay about five billions, which is only a small art. P The rest will be paid by a new grad- ual tax program. This may have to begin before Mr. Roosevelt retires. The chances are he will have to start it within the next three years. The process of retiring the debt will re- quire perhaps 20 years. ‘The unofficial ceiling on the debt is | $50,000,000,000. There is no official ceiling. Published plans call for a top limit of $34,000,000,000 June 30, 1936. It is bound to go higher, after that. The $50,000,000,000 limit implies that the President can boost it twice again as much as he has so far, with- out running into trouble. Confidence Considered. This supposition is founded on the prospect that he will resist the bonus, the Townsend plan and other plans which would shake confidence in the Treasury program. Low interest rates make the debt problem less serious than it appears to be. Interest charges on the current debt of $28,500,000,000 are less than the charges on a $20,000,000,000 debt in 1925. If the promised $34,000,000,- 000 debt is carried at 2% per cent, the annual service charge would be less than a billion. For five years after the war we paid more than $1,000,000,- 000 interest a year on the debt. The debt now is less than 10 per cent of the total wealth. Britain’s is around 30 per cent. Service of the British debt requires 71 per cent of income, ours 21 per cent. The amount of money in circulation does not mean anything. That is where the inflationists are wrong. If they were right, we would be having greater prosperity now than in 1929, because there is more money in circulation now than then. Circulation is $5,500,- 000,000 now, exactly $1,000,000,000 more than in 1929. The velocity of circulation is what counts. That means turnover - of credit. Credit is at $28,000,000,000 now, as against $36,000,000,000. in 1929 (Federal Reserve Board member bank credit). The reasons credit will not circulate now are several. The two biggest rea- sons are: (a) Fear of business men about what the Government may do. ‘This may be only partially justified, but it exists. Those who have gone ahead (such as autos) have not been disturbed by this factor. (b) Business fear that the bottom may not have been reached. Therefore, refusal to plan ahead or spend money on equip- ment. If we could get steady prog- ress for four or five months (instéad of upward four months and down two or three) this would vanish. Credit is faith. One cannot exist without the other. Therefore, until Mr. Roosevelt establishes faith or it establishes itself, you cannot have credit circulation, business expansion, complete recovery. (Copyright. 1935.) Duty to Improve Roads. night. The House may pass a special ution authorizing the Speaker to the conference report tomorrow. in session, the House will prob- abi! take up the fivers and harbors -i%xnu South Africa proposes to place & customs duzyetl’enhonnlfi:x: to provide funds for an extensive improvement twurT e Their identities cannot be disclosed | net recoverable assets on Government | 600 EXECUTIVES PAID $10,000,000 $16,000 Average Salary Is Shown for Group in Own Reports. By the Assoclated Press. 8ix hundred executives in Ameri- can industry last year received sal- aries totaling $10.000,000 on a scale that ranged as high as $125.,000 an- nually, and averaged more than $16,000. ‘These figures were embodied in re- ports to the Securities and Exchange Commission in connection with ap- plications for permanent listing of securities on. stock exchanges, and covered positions from chairmen of boards to assistant secretaries. The sverage for 119 presidents of companies in this group, was about $36,000, but some 30 of them received more than $50,000 and four were paid $100,000 or more. Total salaries for these upper-crust 119 in 1934 aggregated $4,360,000. Davis Paid $125,000. Tops went to Francis B. Davis, chairman of the United States Rubber Co., who got $125,000. Edward G. Seubert, president of Standard Oil Co. of Indiana, was second with $117,- 900; Francis H. Brownell, chairman of American Smelting and Refining Co., and George Horace Lorimer, edi- tor of the Saturday Evening Post, tied for third with an even $100,000. An additional $100,000 salary was reported to the Securities Commission today by Willlam E. Levis, president of Owens-Illinois Glass Co. The sec- ond largest salary reported today was that of S. W. Huff, New York, presi- dent of the Third Avenue Railway Co., who received $60,000. Willlam T. Nardin, St. Louis, was paid $50,465 by the Pet Milk Co. as vice president. The reports to date represent only | & fraction of those to come. Between 3,500 to 4,000 more companies are expected to report. Many of those so far reporting have | not made known their salaries, having | taken advantage of a special rule by the commission giving them extra time. Unless exceptions are made, however, all will have to report sooner or later. | Stock Holding Listed. Stock holdings of corporation offi- cials and directors also are in the reports, as well as those of persons who do not hold official positions, but who hold more than 10 per cent of & company's stock. John D. Rockefeller, jr, who in- formed the commission he held securi- ties of Socony-Vacuum Co. worth about $63,000,000, heads the list so far filed. Rockefeller in other reports has shown ownership of more than $200,000,000 in various Standard Oil Co. subsidiaries. COWBOY DEPUTIES CORRAL SUSPECTS 65 Believed Involved in Fatal Plot Held Communists—O0ld Law Invoked. By the Associated Press. GALLUP, N. Mex., April 5.—Mobi- lized for an announced drive on “law- lessness spread by Communism,” cow- toys rode through neighboring com- munities today rounding up suspects in the unemployed riot which cost the lives of two men here yesterday. Sixty-five suspects, brought in by approximately 250 deputized cowmen and city residents, were held in the of the investigation. While grim faced guards stood by, Fatton fired questions at the suspects. After a temporary halt in the ques- tioning, he estimated 20 had some connection with the riot in which Sheriff M. R. Carmichael and Ignacio Velarde, jobless miner, were killed and seven others wounded. Against those known to have been in the mob of 300, Patton said, charges of murder would be filed under an old statute enacted in terri- torial days, but never before invoked. Bent on liberating two man and a woman under arrest on charges of forcibly re-occupying a building from which Victor Campos, one of the tkree, had been evicted, the howling mob charged officers who were con- ducting their prisoners from court after a preliminary hearing. . ROOSEVELT CRUISES TO CAT ISLAND AREA| Asks News of Warren Bobbinl,; Cousin, Who Is Critically | Ill in New York. By the Associated Press. MIAMI, Fla, April 5.—President Roosevelt arraaged today to receive additional mail and business off Cat Island in the Bahamas ‘The President, somewhat sun- burned, is continuing his policy of quiet. He sent the following message last night to Marvin H. Mcintyre, a secretary established here: “Spent day near various reefs. Very good fishing for triggers and other interesting, beautifully colored species for keeping alive and later for aquarium. “At daylight both ships will proceed north end Cat Island and expect plane about 11 o'clock. We would all appreciate any further news concern- ing Warren Robbins.” Robbins, Minister to Canada and a cousin of the President, is critically ill with pneumonia in New York. at The Evening Star Business Office, or by mail, postpaid courthouse while Prank Patton, State's | attorney general, took personal charge | It explains the permanent departments of the Federal Government and the Alphabet Bureaus of the New Deal. Every American should read it. Order today. e e e e e e e e COMMISSION AIRS PROFITS IN MILK Big Salaries to Officials of Parent of Local Firm Reported. ‘The Federal Trade Commission to- day turned its spotlight on National Dairy Products Corp., parent concern of Chestnut Farms-Chevy Chase Dairy, largest dealers in the Wash~ ington milkshed, in a report to Con- gress rapping practices of dairy prod- ucts distributors. The commission found a “serious” financial condition existing among many milk producers, while “large sums in dividends have been paid by the local distributor companies to parent companies and officers of both the parent and distributor companies have drawn generous salaries.” ‘The “generous salary” peid Presi- dent Thomas H. McInnerney of Na- tional Dairy Products in 1931 amounted to $187,947: in 1932, $171,- 099; in 1933, as of September 1, he was paid $108,000 per year, excluding bonuses or other compensation. “During 1931," the report adds, “11 ether officers of this corporation re- ceived salary and other compensation ranging between $30,000 and $83,120; in 1932 10 officers of the corporation other than the president received sal- aries and other compensation ranging from $25,000 to $98,850.” Price Fixing Alleged. Nevertheless, the commission dis- covered distributors and co-operatives “have arrived at agreements and un- derstandings to fix prices to the con- | sumer as well as prices paid the pro- ducer.” The report did not cover the local area. The commission further disclosed dealer companies are selling to con- | sumers at “the highest prevailing | prices” milk bought from the pro- ducers as “surplus,” which the pro- ducer gets at very low cost. Lack of funds limited the commis- sion’s investigation ordered by the House of Representatives by the Kop- plemann resolution to the State of Connecticut and the Philadelphia | milkshegd, comprising Eastern Penn- sylvania, Delaware and parts of New Jersey, Maryland and West Virginia. But the report declares: “In the files of one of the Phila- delphia companies members of the commission’s staff found correspond- ence indicating that price agreements | similar to those in effect in the Phil- | adelphia and Connecticut areas are in effect in other areas.” ‘The Philadelphia housewife pays 11 cents a quart for milk retail; in Wash- ington the same milk costs 13 cents. The A. A. A. reported today national price of milk rose 6.2 per cent from February, 1934 to February, 1935. $27,500,000 in Six Years. Philadelphia operation of National Dairy Products during the six years of 1929 to 1934, inclusive, brought the firm from its two subsidiaries in this area approximately $27,500.000 in divi- dends, the report disclosed, and con- tinued: “Evidence was developed indicating that in both the Connecticut and Philadelphia milksheds, dealer com- panies nave at times been in part responsible for the creation of a milk ‘surplus’ by importation of milk products from other producing areas. “Much of this importation is in the form of fluid cream and is sold as such. Some has been converted back into fluid milk and so sold. These importations have at times tended to create a surplus, which results not only in local producers receiving s lower price on the quantity of their | production so displaced, but is taken into consideration in the fixing of | prices and to that extent tends to de- press prices to local producers. “The same quality of milk may be sold in four or five different classes, | each carrying a different price to | the produger.” Report Protested. The Dairy Industry Committee, rep- resenting distributors all over the country, immediately replied the re- | port’s effect “has been to indict an entire industry for the sins of & mi- croscopic minority. “It arouses suspicion among all pro- ducers because it charges distributors, a8 a group, with abuses of a few un- ethical competitors. “It causes the farmer id sus his chief bargaining weapon, the nol:c:en- tive association. “It spreads distrust among consum- ers, decreasing consumption, the net Tesult of which is measured in lower income to the farmer.” The committeée, in the statement of its secretary, W. A. Wentworth, charged the Trade Commisison with “vagueness” and called distributors’ profits “meager.” PROPAGANDA BILL 0. K.'D France Moves to Stop Campaign in Algeria. PARIS, April 5 (#).—Franee acted today to stamp out an alleged in- tense anti-French propagands cam- paign in Algeria. President Albert Lebrun signed a decree providing for terms of impris- onment of three months to two years and heavy fines for all persons, in- cluding foreigners, who provoke “by any means disorders or manifesta- tions against Prench authority.” Polish Leader in Danzig. WARSAW, April 5 \#)—Vice Min- ister of Finance Lechnicki went to Danzig today to address the Polish population of the free city following & speech there yesterday by Gen. Her- mann Wilhelm Goering, German air minister. e Evening Star Offers Its Readers This Worth-While BOOK Helpless in the grasp of a 15-foot octopus, Frank Coltrin of San Jose, Calif., was rescued from a horrible death by a friend, who killed the monster with a knife after a desperate struggle near Halfmoon Bay, Calif. Col- trin (above) and his friend were fishing when he was seized by the octopus., Coltrin's friend drove his knife be- tween the creature’s eyes 17 fimes before it let go. DEFIGITING. 0.P. CUT 10 So617 Getz’s ‘Pay-as-You-Go’ Pol- icy Reduces Debt by $250,000. By the Assoclated Press. CHICAGO, April 5—The Republi- can party, having reduced its deficit by nearly $250,000 since the last presi- dential election, is heading toward the 1936 campaign virtually out of the “red” Within the next 60 days, said George F. Getz, the National Committee will meet to plan for further contributions. It was under Getz's “pay-as-you-go” basis during the year and a half he has been treasurer of the G. O. P. National Committee that the party’s financial status has neared solvency. Gete's statement showed a deficit of only $6,617.86 and a donation of $5,000 is waiting for him in New York when he calls. On his desk, alongside the G. O. P. accounting, lay the most recent record of the Democratic treasury’s standing, which he said disclosed a net indebted- ness of $520,670.94. Both were as of last March 1. All expenses, Getz asserted, includ- ing salaries, rent, postage, etc., aver- age about $3,500 per month except during campaigns. Monument Shows Better Times as ‘ Visitors Increase Betier times are seen by park officials in the fact that 12,000 more visitors came to the Wash- ington Monument last month, compared with March, 1934. During the month just passed there were 38222 visitors to the shaft raised to the Pather of His Country, against only 26,026 for March a year ago. There was an increase of 18000 in March of this year over the previous month, for February attracted but 20,528. |GOVERNORS AND ALLEN GUESTS OF FRATERNITY District Commissioner George E. Allen, Gov. Harry Nice of Maryland and Gov. George Peery and Lieut. Gov. James A. Price of Virginia will be | honor guests at a banquet of the | Kappa Sigma Alumni Association at | the Columbia Country Club tonight at { 7 o'clock. Commissioner Allen joined the fra- | ternity while at Cumberiand College, | Gov. Nice at Maryland University and | Gov. Peery at Emory and Henry. Sev- | eral members of Congress also are ex- | pected to attend the banquet. A large number of colleges, includ- ing George Washingty), Virginia, Richmond, Washington and Lee, Johns Hopkins, Randolph-Macon, Hampden-Sidney, Emory and Henry, Lafayette, Georgia, M. 1. T. and Flor- ida will be represented. Brunette Interests Justices Demonstration of Hosiery Mending Draws Attention in Supreme Court. By the Associated Press. A demonstration by an attractive brunette of how to repair silk hosiery yesterday afternoon held the atten- tion of dignified justices cu the United States Supreme Court bench. Her long lashes drooping demurely, Miss Sally Blue of Clarendon, Va., showed Chief Justice Hughes and his smiling associates how runs—which counsel had described as “very dis- quieting to meticulous femininity"— can be made to disappear in some- what less tkan a jiffy. Earlier each justice had been sup- plied with (a) one magnetic needle, (b) one porcelain egg holder and (c) one silk stocking, which caused them no little amuserhent. In fact Justice McReynolds, & bach- elor, held his stocking up full and then grinned broadly when he discovered what it was. The hosiery exhibit was in connec- tion with oral argument between counsel for the Stelos Co. and the Hosiery Motor-Mend Corp. of New York over an alleged patent infringe- ment. Henry Gilligan, counsel for Stelos, told the court his company held pat- ents for repairing one of the most widely-observed items of feminine ap- parel by a method which he termed the “touch system,” involving the use of (a) the needle and (b) the egg holder. Miss Sally Blue of Claren- don, Va., shown yesterday after the session of the Su- preme Court as she demon- strates the way she showed members of the Supreme Court how to mend hosiery. The demonstration was in connection with a patent suit, but few people paid much at- tention to the legal angle. ~—A. P, Photo. best determine what that method was by a demonstration. After obe taining permission he turned to the spectators’ benches and said, “Will the operator please come forward.” The “operator” turned out to be the attractive Miss Blue, who had been sitting in the court room and attracting attention from the jus- tices for the last two days. She was dressed in what a reporter—mas- culine—described as a blue suit, with a blue polka-dot scarf, white shirt waist and one of those little hats that perch on top of their heads. “This is Miss Blue,” said Mr. Gil- ligan. “How do you do?” murmured Miss Blue as the Chief Justice inclined his head with a smile, and his as- egg-holder needle and & spare stock- ing. She then jabbed the needle rapidly back and fourth in the stocking which she had spread over the smaller and lo—what was & yun apparently —A. P. Photo. DEBATE CONTINUES ON FO0D-DRUG BILL Copeland and Clark Clash | When Missourian Asks “‘Jokers” Be Removed. By the Associated Press. The Senate moved toward more debate on the Copeland food and drug bill today after a critic had de- manded that “jokers” be taken out of it and its leading exponent had charged that “hidden influences” | were trying to emasculate it. Gesturing angrily, Senator Cope- land, Democrat, of New York, en- gaged in & warm exchange late yes- terday with Senator Clark, Democrat, of Missouri. “I'm as much in favor of the strongest protective measures as any Senator,” Clark said in proposing to send the measure back to committee to be reconsidered, “but I do not think it necessary to call a device a drug or to indulge in subterfuges and jokers to carry out the President’s recom- mendations.” Patent Medicines Attacked. Defending the regulatory measure, Copeland attacked patent medicine manufacturers. “I want the Senate to decide,” he said, “whether the patent medicine manufacturers, who have been ex- ploiting the public for a quarter of a century, the vilest men on the face of the earth, who have been taking money from innocent people and making them believe that they are going to be cured, should be permit- ted to continue in those practices. “I am not talking about Senators. I am talking about the hidden in- aperture of the egg-holder | please fluences which reach into this body * * * Hits Bailey Amendments. ‘The exchange between the Senators came when the Senate reached amendments by Senator Bailey, Democrat, of North Carolina, to per- mit the Federal Trade Commission instead of the Pure Food and Drug Administration to regulate adver- tising. “If that group of amendments is adopted,” Copeland said, “I have no further interest in the bill. These are the provisions that implement and make possible the successful ad- ministration of the proposed law. If these amendments are adopted there will be no added protection to the publie.” — AIR CORPS LURES IDLE French Minister Provides Jobs ‘Without Enlistments. PARIS (#).—Gen. Victor Denain, air minister, has announced that un- employed pilots, mechanics and wire- less operators may enlist in the air corps as noncommissioned officers while specialists in plant construction can get jobs in government factories without joining the army. The general is working for expansion and increased efficiency In the air force. Treasury Accepts $35 Volunteered by Untaxed Citizen Cadlifornian Wishes to Pay Share of U. S. ' Overhead. By the Associated Press. A man who feels that income tax and other special levies are not suffi- cient contribution on his part to the expenses of the Federal Government has sent in a special donation of $35 to help defray the “overhead charges” of the United States. The Treasury Department yester- day received the voluntary donation from C. H. McCaslin, Oakland, Calif., who finally prevailed upon the de- partment to accept the donation “as & voluntary contribution toward gov- ernmental costs.” It was the second time McCaslin had made the offer in a month. His plea was addressed to President Roosevelt, and was granted by Under- “Being wrote, “I realize that, wheteher or not business is good, overhead charges must be met. Like my gas bill, the cost of government goes on and on. I am conducting & business in Oak- land, Calif, and raising an ever-in- creasing family, all under the most desirable circumstances and protec- tion of Government. It is not in my make-up to shift the cost of that HOPKINS BACKS “BOON-DOGGLING” Strikes Back at Critics of White-Collar Projects in New York. With characteristic vigor, Relief Ad- ministrator Harry L. Hopkins yes- terday ripped into critics of white col lar relief projects in New York City, now being investigated by an alder- manic committee. Anybody who objects because the Federal Government is using relief money to teach idle white-collar work- ers how to use their leisure time in such respites as “eurythmic dancing,” “boon-doggling” or other types of work-relief which have been criti- cized, “are too damn dumb to appre- clate the finer things of life,” Hopkins challenged. He served notice he had no intention of banning such projects. Criticism of how New York City relief was being expended got under Hopkins’ own collar, and he was primed for such questions at his usual press conference. Defends Projects. He lost no time in going after his critics and put in a sharp defense of the projects under fire. “They don't know anything about it, and hayen't taken the trouble to investigate,” Hopkins declared. “White collar people have got to do something,” he added, pounding his desk. “Boon-doggling,” it was explained, is the making of useful gadgets. The relief administrator stoutly defended the relief-financed lessons in dancing cited by the New York critics. “Investigate?” he shot back. “No, there’s nothing the matter with it. “These are good projects—all of them. People who don't understand foreign languages sometimes laugh when they hear them. Dumb people make fun of things they don't under- stand. “We have been giving work to s lot of white-collar people. We didn't go out and hire them. They were broke. They came on relief. We put them to work. And 97 per cent of all the money spent on these projects have gone on relief—only 3 per cent for materials. “We have no apologies to make for any of these projects.” Work Will Be Continued. Hopkins promised that “lots of projects, the best,” would be continued with the $300,000,000 set aside in the work-relief bill to assist unemployed white-collar workers. The projects, he said, were selected by experts, physicians, educators and psycholo- gists. Asked about his own view of the utility of investigating what becomes of old safety pins, Hopkins replied: “A lot of these people who are talking and writing know nothing about the subject. I have a pile of letters here from business men—if that means anything—saying that these are fine projects. “A lot of these critics are not wor- ried about whether any of these proj- ects are useful or not. When they begin to shoot, they are shooting at white collar people. Some of them think it would be nice if we put these people out with picks and shovels to repair the streets. Well, there are other things in life besides streets—which the city ought to keep in repair anyway.” A great many of the needy on work-relief are college graduates, Hopkins explained, well equipped to do many kinds. of research. Those who criticize, he said, “think college graduates should sit at home and get & basket of groceries.” Lloyd Paul Stryker, chief counse! to the Aldermanic Investigating Commit- tee, inO‘N;‘w York, had characterized some the projects as not = less, but “just bunk.” o He made this observation aiter the committee had spent a hilarious day listening to testimony about the jobs to which New York's idle hands have been put—for both pleasure and profit SLUGGED WITH PIPE, JAILER HALTS BREAK Prisoner in Death Cell in Texas Is Overpowered After Attack. By the Associated Press. DALLAS, Tex., April 5.—An attempt to liberate six prisoners from the death cells of*the Dallas County Jail was frustrated today when Jailer Dick Warren overpowered a prisoner who attacked him with a piece of piping. The escape attempt was made from the same cell block from which Harvey Bailey, a Charles F. Urschel kidnaper, fled on Labor day, 1933. Gilbert Sanderson, an 18-year-old Dallas youth arrested three weeks ago a5 a suspect in an automobile theft and robbery, tore a piece of piping from the Ilavatory plumbing and slugged Warren over the head when the jailer, with two colored trusties, brought in breakfast. ‘Warren grappled with the prisoner and swung the outer door shut. He backed the fighting youth into an open cell and slammed the door. - —— 1,500 Mill Workers Strike. ‘WEST HELENA, Ark., April 5 (#).— More than 1500 men were out on strike today at the Chicago Mill & Lumber Co. plants here and at Green- ville, Miss., and officers were on duty as safeguard against violence.