Evening Star Newspaper, July 2, 1933, Page 4

7 A—4 AMERICA SHARING WORLD TRADE GAIN Wholesale Commodity Prices on Upgrade Since Gold Suspension Here. .. (Continued From First Page.) ined momentum, the former increas- 2.3 per cent and the latter 4.8 per cent, the greatest monthly advances since June, 1929, and October, 1931, re- spectively. The report continued: “Commodity prices in Germany and the Netherlands, in terms of the re- spective currencies, rose nearly 1.5 per cent from April to May. Fractional in- creases occurred in Austria, Belgium, Denmark and Sweden. For most coun- tries the increases were fairly well scat- tered among the different types of com- smodities. “Of 10 groups of commodities in the United Kingdom only coal, and meat and fish showed declines in May, ac- cording to available statistics. Cot- ton and cotton textiles rose 6.7 per cent; minerals and metals other than ecal and iron and steel increased 5.8 per cent, and three other groups in- creased 4.1 to 4.6 per cent. The great- est group advance in the Netherlands occurred in cheese, 18.6 per cent. Six of the 13 groups in Belgium increased, two did not change and two others declined cnly fractionally. Rubber prices advarced 22 per cent, textfles 7 cent. fats 4.4 per cent, hides and feather snd metal products 3 per cent, and paper 138 per cent. German Commodities Gain, “Of 12 groups in Germany, 8 ad- wanced from April to May. Animal products rose 9 per cent; metaals 8 per cent: textiles, 6 per cent, and hides and leather 5 per cent. “About cn2-half of the 13 groups of commodities in Sweden also increased, and four others did not change. Among the rises were animal foodstuffs, metals and metal products, pulp and paper, textiles, hides and leather, and chemi- ceals “Statistics show that group prices In British India were as high or higher in May in every instance except in the case of sugar, which declined .8 per cent from the April level. Several of the rises were sharp. Cereals, manu- factured jute, and hides and skins in- creased 14 to 17 per cent. Tea, cot- ton, and jute groups rose 4.2 to 8.7 per _cent. “In Canada four of the seven groups advanced and one did not change. Prices of vegetable products increased 7.4 per cent. and those of non-ferrous metals and their products 6.9 per cent. Fibers, textiles and textile products advanced 3 per cent.” The weekly survey of domestic con- ditions made by the department showed automobile production reached a new Righ for the year last week, and steel ingot production advanced to 50 per cent cf capacity. Operation in the principal industries manufacturing consumer goods, such as textile and shoes, were maintained at a high level with current output com- paring favorable with 1929, the report said. The department said, however, retail trade reports indicate some slackening in consumer purchasing. No Seasonal Halt Occurs. In summarizing the domestic situa- tion for June, the department said busi- ness activity continued to expand dur- ing the month, and the adversed sea- sonal influences usually manifest at this time have so far failed to halt the upward movement Continuing its June summary, the department said: “Production was considerably higher in May and June than in the corre- sponding months of 1932, and in the latter period reached the highest level since the middle of 1931. Steel ingot production has increased to 50 per cent of capacity. Automobile schedules have ly been revised upward, and June is expected to exceed the May total which was the largest since July, 1931. Electric power production continues to indicate extensive gains turing activity: lumber production has improved steadily: and the industries producing the major lines of consumers’ goods have maintained their high Ma; schedules. Output of a number of im portant industries was higher in the first five months of 1933 than in the corresponding period of 1932 “Employment lagged considerably behind the incr in production le fuctory empl ment and y rolls both dncreased last month, and the upward trend continued in June, the index=s in M the low level of a year hourly factory earnings month also were at a new low point. The American Fele:ation of Labor estimat number o unemployed in June at over eleven and a halt milijon, which is higher than their estimate for June, 1932, Consumption Found Lagging. “Available indexes of consumer pur- chasing indicete for the most part that goods are not moving into consumption as fast as they are being procuced. The rise in such industries as textiles and tobacco manufacturing is much too large to be accounted for by any in- crease that may have occurred in con- sumer purchasing to date. However, stocks of finished goods in the hands of distributors have been low for a con- siderable period and a more active ce- mand wouid require some upbuilding of such stocks. “Department store sales in May were slightly less than in the preceding month, and the adjusted dex re- mained unchangad. Freight-car load- ings in June in-reased to the highest point of the year, and the spread in comparison with last year has wicencd so that in the latest wee: reported, loadings were 13 per cent higher than in the ago. Average curing e same week for 1932, “Construction contracts ewarded dur- ing the first half of June were higher than for the same pericd of May, although the to‘al remained very jow. “Wholcsale prices moved higher in June for the fourth consecutive month. Stock prices have been irregular, but the large gains of the precding two months have been held. Bond prices have been stcady. following the sharp improvement in May. Money rates for short term commitinents continue ex- tremely low. Foreign Trade Improved. “Foreign trade improved in May, con- | trary to the usual seasonal trend. The incrcase in exports was due mainly to heavy shipments of cotton st higher prices, but for imports the increase was the result of gains in & wide range of commodities.” Lumber production ‘during the week ended June 24, overtopped all records since September, 1931, and lumber ship- | ments since July, 1931: new business, though a trifie under that of the week ended June 10, was otherwise largest in volume since December, 1930, accord- ing to telegraphic reports to the Na- tional Lumber Manufacturers’ Associa- tion from regional associations covering the operations of 648 leading softwood and hardwood mills. Production totalled | shipments, 225,087,000 091,000 feet. 186,116,000 fee! feet; orders, 2 Loading of revenue freight for the i week ended on June 24 totaled 604,668 cars, the Car Service Division of the | American Railway Association said yes- terday. This was on iacrease of 16,737 cars above the preceding week, and an in- crease of 105, s above the same week in 1932, but a decrease of 154,625 in manufac- | ay-roll gains ve ;. nd pay-roll gains have § % e orture from ordinary practice, were below | tue |8 1 Noted Geologists Out RCED TO RETIRE IN ECONOMY PLAN. | States Geological Survey, in the service. DROPS MUCH WORK l Furloughing of 380 Employes Causes Stringent Curtail- ment of Activity. The work of practically every de- partment at the Bureau of Standards | has_been stringently curtailed as a result of the indefinite furloughing of 380_employes. | The division of building and housing and the so-called commercial standards | group, including the divisions of sim- plified practices, specifications and trade standards, have been reduced to “merely | & contact basis.” only the chief of each | ldivision and his secretary being re- teined. This was done, according to | Dr. Lyman J. Briggs, director of "the | | bureau, “in_order to make an orderly ! ition of the work to some outside sgency, if possible.” Dr. Briges said | that much of the work of these divi- sions would be taken over by the Amer- | ican Standards Association, a national | association of industrialists and others | for the promotion of standardization. | There is thus the possibility that many | ot the furloughed employes will be eble | to find jobs outside the Government | and continue the same sort of work. | Among the other activities discon- tinued were the semi-factory scale ex- periments on the production of levlulose, | a veriety of sugar, from Jerusalem arti- | chokes, and work on photographic | emulsions. i All work on radio aids to air naviga- tion, testing of aircraft engines, and | | studies of lighting of airways end land- | |ing flelds have been discontinued tem- | | porarily and those engaged upon it| given furloughs. There is considerable | hepe, Dr. Briggs c1id yesterday, that | thie work may be resumed by the aero- | nautics branch of the Department of | Commerce. It has been supported in | the past with funds transterred from this branch. There is at least a possibility, Dr. Briggs explained. that at least 200 of the 380 furloughed employes may be | called back in a few wecks because of |the application for funds from the | public works appropriation to make pos- Isible the testing of materials used by |the Government on the public works Unless there fs some rad- the Bureau of burden in its {this will threw upon Slandards the greatest | history. | The present practice is to make ail purchases sccording (o cations. the Bureau of Siandards g the preduct to make sure that the manufacturer has met t | fications. This m: chase of materials at greatly prices, which more than offset the ex- penses of testing and at the same time insures high quality of material. Oth- erwise, in order to protect itself againct inferior material, it would he neces- sary for the Government to surchese trade-marked products at high prices. Work Needed on Buildings. Partly because of this possibility the emplo; were furloughed, so that they | simply could be recalled without fur- { ther formality if the public woris funds | are obtained. This represens the best | hope of many of these workers of ob- | taining immediate employment. Dr. Briggs also said he had asked | for public works funds for recondition- ing of the buildings at the Bureau of | | Standards. Most of these are about 30 years old, and litile *has been done to| { them since they were erected. The pip- | |ing is badly rusted, and this has been | | responsible for some serius interrup- tions to work recently. With its reduced personnel the bu- ireau ealready is feeling severely the| | pressure of new Government activities. | A large number of saws intended for the Civilian Conservation Corps are aweiting tests, and other material is coming in | Even if the public works program is conducted with a minimum of ma-| ! terials testing ecsential to protect the | Government against fraud. Dr. Briggs ‘said. it will involve almost double tne |amcunt of work of this kind carried ,on here in recent years. | The Morris Plan Bank offers the | INDIVIDUAL { the facilities of 8 | SAVINGS BANK with the added feature of offering a plan to | make loans on a practical basis, which enables the borrower to | liquidate his ob- ligation by means of weekly, semi- monthly or monthlydeposits. It is not neces- sary to have had an account at this Bank in order to borrow. i OTED geologists who were retired Friday from the service of the United Left to right, upper: N. left to right: Dr. Arthur Keith, George Steiger and Arthur Coe. STANDARDS BUREAU LOAN TERMS FIXED | would pass upon such loan applications The BANK for the INDIVIDUAL MORRIS PLAN BANK | interests of economy, after 30 years of H. Darton and Charles Butts. Lower, | FOR PUBLIC WORKS Borrowing Cities Must Have: Good Security—30 Per Cent Given by U. S. _ (Continued From First Page.) would not be more than $300.000. The ! 70 per cent sum to be borrowed from | the Government would be based on the | total cost. in this case being $770.000. | Thus the political subdivision would | have to obtain from other sources at | least $30.000. i Secretary Ickes sald the boad has “decided &s a matter of policy that the 30 per ceni grants should be limited to amourts for fundamentsl necessities.” He classed water and sewage systems | in this bracket, but said “stadiums and | auditoriums might not be.” Asked if | ne thought a school butiding could be considered a necessity. he repli “Personally, I would' think so.” Must Have Good Security. | Asked if after receiving the grant from the Government, a State. city or | counly could borrow most of the rest of the cost of & project, Ickes said he | felt so, but “they would have to have a | very strong case, their security must | be good and their budget in good | " shape. He went on to fray that the board under rules it may prescrite, and said that the Goverrment would want full assurance it would be repaid for the | proportion it advanced as a loan Semi-public agencies, such as private corporations that might be organized for slum-clearance work under State he s2id in an informal per- sonal optnion, would not be eligible for the 30 per cent grant. Federal Projects Deferred. No action was taken by the board to- | day on a projected Federal bu:l&\ing' program to cost approximately $400.- 000,000. This was referred back to a subcommitlee and will be taken up | again Thursday. Pending approval, no details could be obtained | Ickes explained it was sent back to the smaller group to ask all Federal departments and agencies to submit all supplemental recommendations they might have in mind for future requests | § s0 that a complete picture could be had. | Meantime, cbvious dissatisfaction was evidenced by the Indusirial Contro] Ad- ministration at the slowness in which | the codes are being presented. It had , been hoped that the 10 basic industries of the Nation would have wage and hour agrecments ready at about the time the bill passed. | Howcver, thus far the cotton code, upon which hearinzs have been held | and which is_expected to receive ap- proval from Johnson, is the only one received from the major manufacturing | groups. Some 30 codes from smaller in- | dustries are in the administzation’s files, | but hearings are being held in abeyance ' pending actibn by those employing the bulk of laboring men. Fears have been expressed in official circles that the whole plan to raise the general purchasing power of the masses | during the Summer months through in- ! creased wages, and _spreading work | through meximum hour agreements might be defeated unless the industrial leaders act more premptly in following the lead of the cotton _textile industry, L e oy Pionecrs _in 1851— Leaders Today—Your Treat on the 4th. Loans are pass- ed within a day or two after filing application— with few excep- tions, MORRIS PLAN notzs are usually made for 1 yeas, though they may be given for any period of from 3 to 12 months. R.F.C. AID PASSES §2,50,000 000 MARK Repayments Exceed One-fifth of Huge Sum Loaned to Aid Business. By the Associated Press. Two and one-half billion dollars have been -poured into the Nation's credit stream by the Reconstruction Corpora- ;lorll“s':nce its foundation on February This was disclosed yesterday by the monthly report of the corporation, showing business transacted through June 26 of $2,636,046,740 advanced by the corporation to farmers, bankers, in- surance companies, railroads and other bo:';owerl, $570,762,971 has been re- paid. Of the total paid out, $120.178824 has been advanced to farmers for crop loans through the Secretary of Agri- culture. Other payments included $42,070.000 for Home Loan Bank stock, $1.000.600 to the Home Owners' Loan Corpora- tion, $2.000,000 to the farm loan com- missioner to make loans to joint stock land banks and farmers, $1,911.815652 to banks, trust companies and other | financlal institutions; $30,485,000 to aid in reorganization of banks and trust companies through buying preferred stock, $9,085,000 to ald banks by loans on preferred stock, $298,530,849 for emergency relief loans, $33,960,076 ud- vanced to the Federal emergency re- lef administrator for grants to States, $30,031,231 to self-liquidating projects, $3,577,106 for orderly marketing, $153,- 304,000 through regional agricultural credit corporations. Repayments included $21,636,374 by farmers for crop loens, $539,785,64% by financial institutions, $22,000 by self- liquidating borrowers, $466,145 by re- lief borrowers, $877.042 on marketing lmn%. $8,025,567 by borrowers from the Rell‘ nal Agricultural Credit Corporas tion. GEN. WARTHUR PRAISES " FORESTRY MOBILIZATION By the Assoctated Press. BALTIMORE, July 1.—The mobiliza- ton of the Civillan Conservation Corps was praised today by Gen. Douglas Macs Ar Ywr, chief of staff, as “the greatest P ace-time demand ever made upon the Army.” In a message to Maj. Gen. Paul B, Malone, commanding the 3d Corps Area, Gen. MacArthur said: “This achievement is indicative of the superior standard of professicnal fitness of the Army. Only a high morale, spirit of co-operation, pride of service and devotion to duty could have ac-| complished such splendid results.” | He pointed cut that in lcss than a | month 25,020 men were organized into | companies and sent to work camps “ex- | Llerx;xdmx from the Atlantic to the Pn-‘{ cific.” PRESIDENT TO FACE PUBLIC WORKS RIFT IN OFFICIAL FAMILY (Continued Frori First Page.) the public works program by the sale of bonds to large banks, which in turn may offer them for rediscount by the Federal Reserve Banks.. This contem- plates inflation along the lines of the World War inflation. It would have the Government borrow from the Fed- eral Reserve System on the security of the bonds received from the States and municiaplities or on the backing of the actual property involved in the public works projects. The Govern- ment would borrow from the big com- mercial banks. The big commercial banks would get the money from the Federal Reserve. The Federal Reserve, in turn, is permitted under the law to make these loans without any corre- sponding reduction in its ability to make other loans. ‘While it is pointed out that this, in| large outline, is the method by which the World War was financed, the ex-| ception is cited that the object in that | case was destructive, whereas in this case it is the creation of real tangible wealth. | The feeling in the “brain trust” is that the advance in prices in the secur- itles and commodity markets to date has Leen based not on concrete eco- nomic improvement so much as on speculators’ belief that the Govern- ment intended to carry out a huge public works and industrial control program. | In this group it is felt that if the business men of the country come to num that the Government is going to down the public works program to the minimum, the speculators who have bought securities and commodities upon this will begin to sell. Such: & reaction, this group contends, would restart a downward economic spiral, in which security values would fall, banks would be ened to che point of call- ing their loans, industrial liquidation would start all over again and .he net effect would be a national setback. The point is made that if, on the | other hand, the business men of the country see that the Government in- tends to go ahead with its plan at whatever cost, as it did during the World War, and will not halt its ex- penditures until the objective of a much higher price level is realized, they will confidently buy raw materials and hire labor. This increase in private busi- ness activity, it is explained, would enable the Government to slow down its own expenditures. Mexico is one of the richest countries on the earth, but its people one of the SUMMER SUITS 513% Charge it. Nothing down. Pay $4.50 in August, September and October. EISEMAN’S, 7th & F TRIPLE SUIT IS FILED Ford Company Charged With In- fringing on Wire Wheels. CINCINNATI, July 1 (#).—8ult for triple damages was flled agamst the Ford Motor Co. today on the ground that the concern has infringed on pat- ents in the manufacture of approxi- | mately 14,000,000 automobile wire wheels in the last five years. Th: suit was flled in United States ;Dlll.fict Court here by Richard C. Ken- |nedy of Cincinnati, as trustee for James M. Jones of Manchester, Ky., described as the inventor whose patents | allegedly have been violated, his asso- ciates. Ralph A. Kennedy, Main street, Hamilton, Ohlo; Mable Reynolds, Mis- soula, Mont. and Samuel Matthews, Newport, Ky. EXCLUSIVE | DISTRIBUTOR for Washi D. C. Leading New York Brewery Our product. a famous brand, re- quires a reliable distributor. Attrac- tive arrangement —no considerable investment. Estimated earnings large. Top references given and re- quired. Phone MEt. 2626 Room 238 Right Now and Right Here are Lower Prices Than E ither You or We May See Again in Years—If Ever! Dress Up for the Fourth! July Sales Specials 25c Noxzema Cream, 2 for 25¢ Ideal for sunburn—a nationally- known preparation at & super-bar- gain price. 25¢ Mennen’s and Mavis Talcum Powders, Each 14c 25¢ Listerine Tooth Paste, 17¢ With Andy Gump or Min Gump Mask FREE. $1.00 Ben Hur and Sweet Pea Perfume, Each 49c Ounce Bathing Bags, $1.00 Attractive and durable suedette bathing bags with zipper. Rubber- ized lining. Bathing Bags, 89c Heavy fabric bathing bags with rubberized lining and zipper fastening. ., Street Floor. . Window Screens, 29¢ Size 18x36 sliding window screens with black wire mesh. Bar Harbor Sets, 59¢ 2 for $1.00. Seat and back rest, covered with fancy cretonne and deeply tufted. Third Floor. | Vacation Luggage | Week End Case, $1.00 Durable black grain case with two clasps and double lock. Nicely lined. Wood frame. { Suit Cases, $1.95 Strong. serviceable quality, | built over wood frame and cov- ered with black grain. 24-inch size. Two clasps and strong lock. Street Floor. “Unbleached Cotton 10 Yards for 57c 39 and 36 inches wide. serviceable quality. 81-Inch Sheeting, 121/45c Yard Standard 18c quality of this extra wide unbleached sheeting for mak- ing sheets and maitress covers. $1.00 Mattress Covers, 75¢ Of unbleached cotton, in sizes for double beds, threc-quarter, twin and single beds. 79c and 89c Bed Sheets, 54c 6 for $3.00. Sizes 81x99 end 81390 in perfects and seconds of seamless bleached sheets (Pillowcases, 42x36, 13c each) 29c Chardonize Hose, 13¢ Perfect_quality. Beautiful dull finish Chardonize rayon. Ne colors $1.00 Silk Hosiery, 49¢ Famous makes of full-fashioned ilk hose. Sheer chiffon. service ht. lace tops. picoted tops. Phcenix Bemberg Hose, 44c Full-foshioned hose, knit of the beautiful Bemberg yarn. Everyepair perfect. Misses’ and Children’s Socks, 2 Pairs for 25¢ 25¢ to 50c values! Half socks and anklets in rayon, lisle and mer- cerized_cotton. Rayon Undies, 39¢ Perhaps never again at o1 near this low price! Regular, extra and double extra sizes in the lot. Che- step-ins, bloomers, panties osts. Rayon Undies, 25¢ Chemise in sizes up to 40; also regular and extra sizes in step-ins, bloomers, panties and vests. Lace- trimmed and tailored. Street Floor. Men’s Shirts, 39¢ Broadclcth shirts in white. tan, blue and green. Wrapped in_cel- lophane. Collar attached. Sizes 14 to 17, Men’s 19¢ Shirts & Shorts 2 for 29¢ Knitted sleeveless shirts in sizes 34 to 46; plain and faucy broad- cloth shorts in sizes 28 to 42. Men’s 89c Shirts, 59¢ Excellent quality broadcloth shirts collar-attached and neckband ‘White, plain colors, fancies. s 1315 to 17. Men’s Bathing Suits, $1.95 All-wool suits, made by the makers of the famous Munsingwear. Black, royal and maroon. Sizes 36 to 46. Men’s 50c Union Suits, 39¢ Athletic union suits of checked nzinsook with elastic insert and snubber in back. Sizes 36 to 46. Men’s Rayon Socks, 11c Handsome and serviceable socks in new stripes, plaids and novelty patterns. Men’s Otis Shirts & Drawers, 48c Each Famous Otis balbriggan long slecve sairts. Sizes 38 to 46; ankle drawers. 5 32 to 44. Boys’ Wash Suits, 39¢ 3 for $1.00. Buiton-on models in broadcloth and other fabrics. Sizes 3 to 7. Firm, in styles, P2 J 59c to $1.00 Full Fashioned Silk 29 c Hose. .. ... Seconds of several fine brands—in sheer chiffon and service weight. Picoted tops or lace tops. New Sum- mer colors™— Street Floor. Satisfaction Since 1859 810-818 Seventh St. N.W. (t Wherever You Go “Holiday-ing” You’ll Want One of These White! Choosing is a pure joy! so fine the fabrics and so amazing the variety. Pastels! So beautiful the fashions, Every new and fashionable Midsummer style—puffed sleeves, short sleeves, capelet sleeves Washable Silks Printed Silks Canton Crepe Flat Crepe Acetate Weaves All Sizes, 14 to 20, 38 to 50 Second For the Holiday 1009% zephyr wool bathing suits, with low trap backs or. modified back with belt and bow. Sunback also in- cluded and tuck-front styles withsidetic. Red, green, blue, ‘gold, black. Sizes 34 to 44. Floor. Wide Brims Panamas (Simulated) Rough Prints! Harmless Fireworks A variety of novelties. 5¢ to 50c Never Such a Sale of Fashionable White 95c Handbags. Brand-new styles in top handles, envelopes and pouches in Florentine tooled bags, lovely pastels. washable Fabrikoid and celluloid rodela One or two inivials FREE—Street Floor. " fic“""'z $3.95 Dresses - ite Summer Hats Worth $1.00, $2.00, $3.00, $4.00 and $5.00 Sailors White and Pastel Straws Felt Crepe & Pique White, pastels and black. Head Sizes 21'; to 24. Dip Women’s Bathing Shoes 50c, 69¢c, 75¢ Bathing Caps, 10c, 25¢, 50c, 69¢ Bathing Bags, 39¢, 50c, $1.00 Hot-Cha Bath Rcbes, $1.00 Second Floor. '3 Ecru Linen Shoes Cool! Smart! Practical! sy on the feet, easy on the eve, easy on the pocketbook! kid. Sizes 3 to Fas Straps, pumps, C\;bcn heels, Louis heels. All-linen or trimmed with brown $3.00 Arch-Support Shoes 200 pairs of these standard makes of shoes with steel arch and narrow heel. * Patent leather, blonde kid and tan kid. Sizes 275 to 9. Crepe-Sole Beach Sandals Street Floor Medium Brims French Crepe Montelupo Bodies Baku Bodies Sisol Bodies 1.59 _ 32.50 A“'WOGI Bathillg Suits Ankle Length and Street Length Organdy Dresses Plaids Prints Pastels Coolest, daintiest frocks for every Summer occasion. De- lightfully new and different fashions—and so wonderfully priced! —And Also PLENTY New Dresses In— Flowered Voile Normandie Voile Eyelet Batiste Fine Seersucker Celanese Weaves Plain Linene Organdy sleeves and trim- mings galore on most of these breezy Summer wash dresses. Puffed sleeves, short sleeves, capelet sleeveless, sleeveless. White, pastels, prints. Guar- anteed fast colors. The two lots combined contain all - of Under Supervision U. S. Treasus 1408 H Street N. W.; Washington, D. C. #Character and Earning Power Are the Basis of Credit” sizes. 14 t0 20,38 to 44, 46 to 52 Street Floor and Second Floor. Boys’ Wash Knickers, 59¢ Light, cool, serviceable shoes for hofhe, Of light and dark crash, cotton beach or street wear. Of linen-finish can- cheviot and covert cloth. Elastic | vas. T-strap, cut-out vamp, Cuban heel. knees. Sizes 7 to 17. Sizes 3 to 8. White and natural. Street Floor. Second Floor. Loading of ull commodities for the week of June 24 increased over the pre- ceding week this year, and all com- modities except merchandise less than | carload lot freight increased over the s-me week in 1232, according to the ase clafien. L | cars under the same week in 1931. | ' plin_ s 1 for