Evening Star Newspaper, May 7, 1933, Page 5

ROOSEVELT, JUNG ~ SEEK WORLD UNITY Communique Says Crisis Is of First Magnitude and Par- ley Must Succeed. BY CONSTANTINE BROWN. The first real realistic official com- Inuique issued in Washington since the beginning of the conversations between President Roosevelt and the visiting oreign statesmen was issued last night President Roosevelt and Guido Jung, the finance minister of Italy and of- Mcial spokesman of Benito Mussolini. ‘The President and Minister Jung stated: “The world faces a crisis of the first magnitude. If normal life is! %o be resumed, the World Economic Conference must be made a success. @t must not only meet soon, but come %o its conclusions quickly.” The reason why the usual expres- sions of “full understanding and ex- plorations of various problems with mutual friendship” have been avoided as much as possible, has been ex- lained best by Italy’s minister of nance, who stated after the com- smunique was made public: "the world expects responsible men to say some- thing plainly.” g ‘The conversations between the Presi- dent and the two Italian representa- tives, Jung and Ambassador Augusto Rosso have been conducted in an atmosphere of cordiality wherin each party endeavored to understand the difficulties of the other party in a true business and human spirit. They Tealized that the present crisis is not one which affects the United States and Italy only, stated Jung, “who after all could look after themselves, but that this is a matter which affects the | whole world and the depression, if it j8 to be cured must be cured' by s cere collaboration of all nations.” Complex and Difficult. ‘This was emphasized in the official communique wherein it was stated “the task of the Economic Conference is so complex and difficult that unless it is approached by all nations with the full- est and sincerest desire to arrive at a | result, the conference cannot succeed.” Then came a serious warning to the world in the sentence “but the other course before the world is clearly an increase in economic warfare and all nations must co-operate in attempting to avoid this alternative.” ‘The conversations between the three statesmen covered the political and the economic field. Nobody expected any definite agreements, but the exploration of these various fields enabled the President and the Italian delegates to understand their respective position with more clearness than ever before. It was admitted that the limitation of arms conference is going through 8 most serious crisis at this very mo- ment. Tt is difficult to disarm, maintained the Ttalians, as long as the participating nations are fillled with suspicion and hatred. For this reason Mussolini is Dot in favor of a “permanent and mo- bile commission” to supervise arma- ments, as the French insist on having. Such a commission should act only if it_has been warned from official and reliable sources that such an investi- gation was necessary. Danger of Offending. .A commission of control must avoid at all cost offending the susceptibilities of the peoples where it is sent to work and also avoid the impression that is prompted in its action by a de- sire to create an international suspicion against such or such a nation. It is a delicate instrument which must be handled with great care and used as seldom as possible. And here is the great difference between the French and the Italian points of view—a difference which Premier Ramsay MacDonald has | alrcady realized, but which has been | brought forcefully to the attention of | the President only recently. This is one of the main difficulties at the Geneva conference because the French insist on the permanent and mobile character of such an organization. The Italian delegates have informed Mr. Roosevelt of Italy’s sincere desire to disarm as soon as possible, but natural- 1y, on account of their geographical position they will not be able to do so unless the other nations are as willing and sincere as Il Duce. | The question of revision of post-war | treaties was unavoidably discussed, but since the United States is not a partici- pant to any of these treaties, the con- versation developed mainly on the eth- dcal merits of the case. The Italian delegates explained to the President | fully the point of view of their govern- ment—that is to say, that nobody in| Europe can shut his eyes to the fact that the Versailles and the other trea- ties are creating a state of affairs which is very dangerous to the peace of the world. It would be folly to maintain that the treaties, because thej were gigned as a result of a’disastrous war, 14 years ago, must be maintained as they were then. There must be certain Teadjustments, certain changes here and there, and these must be discussed as moon as possible. Not that Italy insists | that the international agreements must be changed imemdiately, but there must be a move to begin to understand the crisis which a stern maintenance of these treaties may bring about, and the interested powers must give more thought to their eventual revision. Whether these changes will occur in two, five or 10 years is immaterial, as long as the necessity of revision is un- derstood and the principle accepted. Question of Parity. The question of Italy and France settling their naval dispute is at the stage where it was a few months ago; Mussolini is willing to discuss the ques- tion of naval parity with the French government, without insisting on a ton for ton parity, as soon as he is satisfled that the French actually mean to come to_terms. The Italian government is willing to consider seriously the President's sug-' gestion for a tariff truce, but it ap-| ‘Pears that he will not insist on an im- mediate truce before the meeting of the | economic conference. This is evidenced | in the official communique in which it ! ponements and no revision.” THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., Joint Statements on Parléys U. S. and Italy Agree Truce in Field of Tariffs Is Necessary, While Argentina Backs Economic Disarmament of World. OINT statements issued yesterday by l’rug:t‘l'l Roosevelt and Guido and the President and Tomas Le Breton, special Argentine en- voy, following their conversations, jol- low: ‘The Roosevelt-Jung statement: “At the close of our conversations we note with profound satisfaction that close similarity of our views on the questions which are harassing the world today. The world faces a crisis of the first magnitude. “If normal life is to be resumed, the World Economic_Conference must be made a success. It must not only meet soon, but come to its conclusions uickly. 3 “The task is so complex and diffi- cult that unless it is approached by all nations with the fullest and sin- cerest desire to arrive at a result, the conference cannot succeed. But the other course before the world is clearly an increase in economic warfare and all nations must co-operate in attempt- ing to avold this alternative. “We agree that political tranquillity is essential for economic stability; that economic disarmament can take place only in a world in which military dis- armament is possible. Agree on Exchange Problem. “A truce in the fleld of tariffs and other obstacles to international trade is essential if the conference is to un- dertake its labors with any hope of success. We are in agreement that & fixed measure of exchange values must be re-established in the world and vlel believe that this measure must be d. g\)“'I’he entire problem of raising world prices and restoring the opportunity to work to the men and women who today wish to work and can find no employment is a unit. It must be at- tacked as a unit. Along with the measures which must be taken to re- store normal conditions in the finan- cial and monetary fleld, and stability in international exchanges must go hand-in-hand measures for removing the obstacles to the flow of interna- tional commerce. “In the period immediately before | us, governments must employ such means as are at their disposal to re- lieve the unemployed by public works, and these efforts of individual gov- ernments will achieve their fullest ef- fect if they can be made a part of & synchronized international program. “Similarly, the central banks of the "This was to prepare the way for action various nations should by concerted ac- tion attempt to provide such adequate expansion of credit as may be neces- sary to support constructive work, volding as much as possible the use of credit for illegitimate speculative purposes. “We have found ourselves in the closest agreement on many other meas- ures to re-establish the economic life of the 1d, and we are both deter- mined to approach the problems of the World Economic Conference with the firmest resolve to bring its labors to success.” “The conversations in which we have been engaged had as their purpose the fullest possible exchange of views and ideas between our two countries upon the tasks that confront all countries at the coming Economic Conference. ‘They were inspired by the wish to ex- amine all possible phases of economic and monetary policy which by inter- national action might restore employ- ment, improve prices and the turnover of trade and aid in the solution of financial and monetary difficulties. between all countries and not to lead at_the moment to definite agreements. “The conversations have been char- acterized by the spirit of warm friend- ship that has long existed between these two countries, and by the quick and friendly understanding of each other’s minds and grown up between the two countries whose history has made us neighbors in mind and feeling. “We have joined in the realization that the gradual and simultaneous economic disarmament of the world is imperative and in the restoration of stable monetary conditions. We have surveyed with a close similarity of*views and judgment the ways and means of bringing about an increased movement of trade between the two countries and throughout the world. We have entered into related questions of trade policy in which the two governments have an important and immediate concern. “These conversations, we believe, will greatly help to forward the common purpose that we have, and to prepare the way for understandings at the Economic Conference and the develop- ment of the mutual interests of the two «countries. In warm friendship we willk continue to carry forward this work.” [TALY AND JAPAN BACK TRADE TRUCE Paris Newspaper Under- stands U. S. Has Submitted Lump Sum Debt Plan. (Continued From Pirst Page.) face German and Chinese spokesmen. The President and the quiet, broad- browed representative cf Italy'’s Mus- solini emphasized together that “if normal life is to be resumed,” the Economic Conference must succeed and reach its conclusicns quickly if a.de- structive economic warfare is to be “m:x%ugh 1 ific, the American. less specific, - Argentine communique struck a similar note. It stressed as “imperative” the “economic disarmament” of the world and restoration of stable monetary con- ditions. Schacht and Soong Welcomed. Even as the President concluded his talks with Jung and Le Breton and they turned homeward. Dr. Hjalmar Schacht of the German Hitler govern- ment and T. V. Soong, young American- educated finance minister of China, were welccmed as spokesmen of the sixth and seventh nations to the Roose- velt-initiated conversations aimed at insuring success at London Over the week end the President set aside time to ponder at leisure im- portant questions bearing upon Ameri- | can foreign policy. | Referring to war debts Speaker Rainey asserted unequivocally last night that there would be “no post- “Congress would never consent,” the Speaker declared. “There won’t be any moratorium. If the debtors don't want to they can default. “'Iucylo not belleve the President will ask Congress to either postpone, revise or cancel. Oongress would not con- sent.” Plan to Seek Conference. Some leaders of the huge Democratic majority op Capitol Hill stated pri- vately yesterday that they would seek to confer with the President at the ‘White House next week on the vexing debt question. -On the House side it was stated that | in view of the adoption by Congress & ear ago last December of the Ragon amendment to the Hoover moratorium resolution — declaring against reduc- tions or further moratoriums—that any similar move would meet such resist- ance within the Democratic party that the outcome would be extremely doubtful. There is a reason to believe that in- formal negotiations have gone on be- tween the United States and Great Britain on a new debt arrangement, since Mr. Roosevelt and Prime Minister MacDonald talked this subject over at their recent meeting. Apparently, how- ever, no accord has been reached. Meanwhile, Senate Democratic leaders, aware of quiet efforts on the part of some Senators on both sides to dis- courage the President against sending any message on debts to Congress, last night reiterated that the Chief Execu- tive would not request authority to revise the debts. s stated that “a truce in the field of Rariffs and other obstacles to interna- tional trade is essential if the conference 4s to undertake its labors with any hope @f success.” " Both countries are in full agreement $hat “a fixed measure of exchange alues must be re-established in the gworld and believe that this measure be gold.” au;e}umegro it will be possible in the Sear future to establish a new mone- %ary system is an open question. Italy 35 on a restricted gold parity and has 4nformed the President that it will gemain on that basis which was estab- Jished in 1927. An international stabii- ®ation of currencies is very difficult; . #hey must be established at a certain Jevel only in connection with the in- ternal condition of each country. Fur- ermore, economically. it is essential Rhor s e Tacto” stabilization, If cur- Tencies must be stabilized, should pro- wide a legal stabilization. That is to say, that after the currency of each ‘gountry has found its real level, on an “economic basis, then a relation with the ‘other currencies thus established could e found. Debis and June Payments. The war debts and the June pay- ments—Italy owes on that date close to $12,000,000—have been only ‘“per- functorfly” discussed. The fleld has been “explor spirit and mutual comprehension Italian de understand fully the difficulties which the President is to mee"t 't.rom the Congress and the Presiden! said to have been aympathetis in the serious | trant parliament ed with a sympathetic o mlwm\mtooc—openum ‘While even a temporary postponement ‘would not be acceptable to the die-hard Senate _anti-revisionists, leaders said they believed if such authority were re- quested, the Senate at least would grant it after a fight. Uprising Reports Spread. Reports of a small uprising and of formal and informal protests to_ the President on the debt gquestion have been circulating for days and Senate ludz? attribute them to the hich is _confronting the ?’fifl?nv:mhm when it has to pay close to 200,000,000 lire out of a very depleted treasury. 'xx"he frank and understanding con- versaticns bstween President Roosevelt and Mussolini’s representatives may help the internaticnal problems in which the United States is playing such an im- MacDonald or and & as it was pointed cut ble q)l:mrl. both best intentions in the President, whose views they s but they are not free work here is likely to be by the attitude of their respectt that $he President would seek full power to negotiate more liberal debt terms with Europe. “No such authority will be requested,” one Senate Democratic leader said flatly last night. He added that administration pilots in the Senate have not conferred on debts and that any move looking toward a visit to the White House to advise the President to go slow on the subject was supported only by a scattered few. Speaker Rainey has made clear that he was opposed to cancellation or re- duction, but that he was willing consider any proposition that the Presi- dent would submit provided that any such move in that direction would guar- antee equal benefits to this country in the matter of trade. Chairman McReynolds of the House Foreign Affairs Committee said any proposition Mr. Roosevelt submitied should be considered carefully before final judgment is on it. “It may be possible that through an adjustment of the debts the United States may derive benefits which would be far more advantageous than under ::ed present agreement,” McReynolds At his conference with newspaper men, Jung declared that Italy is going to stick to its gold parity. “We think we will pull through be- cause our co-operative system gives us means to pull through,” he said. “Italy solved its monetary problems in 1927 and will not re-examine them.” i He expressed great satisfaction with: the statement issued from the White House explaining the results of their joint conversations. Praises Roosevelt. “He’s a man,” the Italian statesman declared in giving his impressions of President Roosevelt, “and that's saying much. There are so many persons with human attributes, but only a few men. “Your country and mine are sure to profit from these conversations. New countries with great possibilities for de- velopment will benefit particularly from international arrangements which make | it possible for them to obtain the means of developing their resources.” Mr. Roosevelt has definitely de- termined to ask Congress for action on a bill empowering him to reduce tariffs and conclude reciprocal commercial treaties. The purpose is to give the Chief Executive adequate authority to operate freely at the Ecomomic Con- ference. Powerful isolationist sentiment at the Capitol has caused the administration to grow somewhat cold toward the idea of a formal consultative pact at pres- ent, although it is included in the Democratic platform. While thinking it over, the adminis- | Package. tration has informed the Geneva Dis- armament Conference that this country is prepared to make ‘“very great ef- forts” to aid in maintaining peace pro- vided real reduction of armaments is achieved. Borah Sounded Out. Senator William E. Borah of Idaho, independent Republican, former chair- man of the Foreign Relations Commit- tee, had been sounded out by the ad- ministration on becoming a member of the American delegation to the Lon- don Conference. He was understood to have indicated he was not disposed to accept because of a belief his views were not entirely in accord with those of the administration. President Roosevelt is understood to be seeking at least one Republican as a member of the delegation for which James M. Cox, Dayton, Ohio, publisher, and former Democratic candidate for President, has been mentioned. Secre- tary Hull is expected to head the dele- gation :mmawm include ?me De- partment and congressional figures. Ralph W. Morrison of San Antonio exg;gud to be asked to join the group. en asked yesterday how long he thought the London Conference would last, Hull said he hoped the essential purposes would be accomplished within | inform two months. He reiterated his belief difficulties such as fluctuations of currency, includ- ing the dollar would but emphasize the importance of united action at London. TARIFF MAY BE WITHDRAWN, Cancellation Reported Promised Against British Goods. PARIS, May 6 (#)—Withdrawal of the 15 per cent tariff surcharge ap- plied against Britsh goods to compen- sate for depreciation of the pound was reported tonight to have been promised England in exchange for a recent loan British bankers to France. paper, however, expressed the fear that France consequently wouid be prevented from applying the surtax to ntgcr coun- tries with depreciated currency, mean- FLYING ANTS (Termites) “vacating oection Terminix Co. of Washington ove, Bldg- NTEED 1102 National Press - Fheus Natienal spirit which has | 88 to| This was belleved to DAVIS POSTPONES VISIT TO GENEVA/ONU. 5. DEBTS SO0N/.. s naider. However, Tbat Diflcr- Receives Instructions to Re- main in London to Push Tariff Truce. By the Associated Press. LONDON, May 6.—After he had packed his bags to go to Geneva, Nor- man H. Davis, President Roosevelt's special Ambassador, received new in- structions today to stay in London and do his utmost to impel Britain to agree to_an immediate tariff truce. He faced a difficult task; as a power- ful Conservative bloc in the cabinet opposes the armistice. It was reliably reported that the Washington Govern- ment was willing to go far, however, in meeting any objections. The new instructions came as Mr.| Davis was preparing to leave for the Disarmament Conference at Geneva. He probably will stay in England several days and if the Geneva situation be- comes_critical he may make a flying visit there. Definite Statement Sought. Short of British adherence to the American truce proposal, the Wash- ington Government would like to obtain a definite declaration of the British position. This entails amplification of Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald’s statement that Britain cannot partici- pate in the agreement unless her own urlfld‘ponmun is protected by “safe- e Particular importance was attached to Britain's attitude because it was| taken for granted that other nations| were delaying their decisions because they expected to follow the British lead. The American Ambassador at Large had no formal conference on his sched- | ¥ ule today, but he proceeded to carry out his new instructions from Wash- ington in private conversations. For the most part American quarters here have held little hope that Britain would participate in a truce before the opening of the World Economic Con- | ference June 12, and there has been | considerable doubt about her adherence | after the conference sessions have | started. ‘The American armistice proposal, al- ready presented to the nations by Mr. Davis at a jmeeting of the Organizing Committee of the world parley a week ago, is scheduled for formal submission at the initial conference session. Downing Street Deserted. Mr. Davis' task was further compli- | cated today by the fact that Downing street was deserted, government offi-| clals having gone to the country for the week end. Both Primse Minister MacDonaid and Foreigh Secretary Sir John Simon were away, but the Amer- ican envoy used the telephone in carry- | ing out his new instructions. Political circles believed no announce- ment of the British policy will be made before the middle of next week. Support of the American plan may | be expected after the cabinet has de- cided upon its reservations, it was said. | be made the more certain by reports from Tokio | today that Japan had accepted with| reservations. PANI EN ROUTE TO D. C. Mexican Treasury Head Coming Here for Parley. SAN DIEGO, Calif., May 6 ().—Al- berto J. Pani, Mexican secretary of the treasury, will leave San Diego for Washington tonight to confer on eco- nomic subjects with President Roosevelt. The_secretary arrived at Agua Cali- ente, Lower Callfornia, yesterday, and went from there to Ensenada to confer with former President Plutarco Elias Calles, who is resting at a ranch owned by President Abelardo Rodriguez. He returned to Agua Caliente last night. LETTER THREATENS CHILD OF M'TIGUE Refusal of $10,000 Will Cost Life of One of Three Girls, Boxer Is Warned. By the Associated Press. NEW YORK, May 6—An extortion letter demanding $10,000 under threat that one of the three children of “Mike"” McTigue would be kidnaped and killed unless the money was forthcoming, caused police to throw a guard around the home of the former light-heavy- weight world champion today. The letter was received a week ago. Since then the McTigue children—Rosa- lie, 13; Cecilia, 11, and Peggy, 10,— have been escorted to and from a pa- rochial school by officers. The boxer sald the letter demanded the money be placed in a package and left in the backyard, but that neither he nor police had attempted to trap the writer of the letter with a decoy First reports that he had received telephone calls from the writer of the letter were denied by McTigue. He said the only contract he had had with the man was the one letter. Police expected a “break” in the case in the near future, he disclosed, and added an arrest might be made by to- morrow. Police recalled that a year ago the infant son of Paul Berlenbach, who also lives in Queens, was threatened by kidnapers, who demanded a large sum of money. The money was not paid apd no kidnaping was attempted. ing America, while the market would be endangered by dumping. Prance earlier in the week was re- should the dollar reach 20 francs. JAPAN TO FIX CONDITIONS. Official Acceptance of Trade Truce Likely Within Few Days. By the Associated Press. TOKIO, May 6—It was officially in- dicated today that the Japanese gov- ernment, within the next few days, will tariff truce with reservations. The notification, it was indicated, will be given either by Katsuji Debuchi, Ambassador to Washington, measures against Japan during the pe- riod of the truce, Sode o 0.{73; 20 o \’.o..o,@ D.. .0...0. QX m“‘“’ g X L > o Perlect DIAMONDS Also complete line of standard: and all-Americén made watches, Shop st the store— you're alway: ‘with a smi] —with no to buy. Charge Accounts Invited M. Wurtzburger Co. 901 G St. NW. ' MAY 7, 193 FRANCE 10 DECIDE Cabinet Meeting Called for Tomorrow to Consider Herriot’s Report. By the Associated Press. PARIS, May 6.—The government's decision on whether to make the June 16 war debt payment to the United States or to default as France did in December will be made shortly on the basis of a detailed report that Edouard Herriot gave today to Premier Daladier on his Washington conversations with President Roosevelt. It is known that France and the United States at present are negotiating “financial questions,” but the strictest secrecy is being maintained. Ambassador Cables Views. At his meeting with the special envoy to Washington the premier produced a code telegram from the French Am- bassador to the United States which was received here as M. Herriot landed yesterday. In official quarters it was sald that the Ambassador’s message contained the freshest views on war debts advanced by experts in the American Capital. The Daladier-Herriot conversation was the center of the keenest political interest, as the two men are reported by their friends to be in disagreement about the methods for France to pursue in relation to the debt. Free to Express Views. This was reflected in a declaration by M. Herriot that whatever decision the government took he personally re- mained ‘gree as a Deputy “to say what think.” After his meeting with the premier, M. Herriot reported to President Albert Lebrun, Foreign Minister Joseph Paul- Boncour and Finance Minister Georges Bonnet. In an article in la Liberte, (tmnerl Premier Andre Tardieu warned against complicating the debt question, declar-! ing that for France it amounted simply to: “As long as Germany does not pay reparations France will not pay_the debts to America; nothing more, nothing less.” Premier Daladier called a meeting of the cabinet for Monday. At that time M. Herriot's report will be discussed by the ministers. LEGISLATOI&S TOPROBE VALUE OF DIRIGIBLES King Committee Visits Akron to Inspect Macon in Advance of General Inquiry. By the Assoclated Press. AKRON, Ohlo, May 6—A sweeping investigation not only into the U. 8. S. Akron disaster, but also into the mili- tary and commercial value of dirigibles in general, was promised today by Sena- tor W. H. King of Utah, chairman of a joint congressional committee that ar-| rived here today to inspect the U. 8. 8. Macon. ‘The committee is composed of Senator King, Senator Hamilton F. Kean of New Jersey, Senator P. Ryan Dufly of Wisconsip and Representatives A. Piatt Andrews of Massachusetts, J. J. De- laney of New York, Clifford R. Hope of g}l‘nm and D. W. Harter of Akron, 0. Not only will the committee investi- gate the disaster that took a total of 73 | lives off the coast of New Jersey a few weeks ago, but will also go into the causes of the disaster to the Shenan- doah, wrecked over Ava, Ohio, in 1925, Senator King declared. “I was on the committee that investi- gated the Akron before it crashed and that gave that ship a clean bill of | health,” said Representative Delaney. “There also have been charges that the Shenandoah disaster was whitewashed. We want to find out about that.” “In general, our here is to lay the groundwork for our investiga- tion.” Senator King explained. By ac- tually looking at the Macon, which is a sister ship to the Akron and almost identical in construction, we hope to be able to question the witnesses that come before us more effectively.” BOAT UPSE'I:S, 2 DROWN Five Others Are Rescued in Acci- dent on Lake. GREENWOOD. 8. C., May 6 (#). Two persons were drowned in Hunter' Lake near here late last night when a motor boat carrying them and five others overturned, but the quick action of Nolan Rauton of Greenwood, on shore at the time. resulted in the Tescue of the remainder of the party. The dead are Carlisle Hunter, farmer, and Hughey Dean, 20, Greenwood. Rauton, on shore with a number of others attending a square dance, swam out into the lake three times to effect the rescue of J. W. Jennings, Miss Louise Walker and Miss Carrie Sue Tal- :gné all o{»h:cca;nnck: Alfred Snyder reenwood and Miss Stacey Richey of Bradley. b The bodies of Dean and Hunter were | recovered. ROAD PROGRAM RUSHED A $500,000,000 em program for this yeu% h"ll‘lunm:ed by a Federal public works bond issue was advocated yesterday by the National Association of State Highway officials. It proposed that $400,000,000 be ex- pended as an aid to State highway pro- grams with no provisions for “dollar matching,” and that $100,000,000 be 2 nstructing “feeder” roads connecting with State highway systems. —————— And Other 4-Cylinder Ca: Materials Included CHEV-6..540 And Any Light 6—Materials Imcluded BUICK-6 *50 And Anp Larger G-Criinder Car *10 DOWN Balance in Five Semi-Monthly Payments 21 major eperations, including labor and all materials. No finance cost. Drive in-today. COAST IN wotiue. 1800 Nichols Ave. S.E. atlon, Fad Tt sl . Brides LINCOLN 9393 3_PART ONE. BRITAIN'IS HELD BETTER OFF SINCE ABANDONMENT OF GOLD ent Circumstances Bar Economic Par- allel With U. S. Situation. the capital of the jittery financial tain | world. hich resulted have placed country in & more sound position than any time since the World War, ac- col to the authoritative opinion of fiml. political and business lead- How sound this improvement has been and what the future holds in view of the latest phases world eco- nomic crisis, including the factor of abandonment of the gold standard by the United States, is one of the most debated questions in the country. To the American public, perhaps the most interesting fact concerning off the gold standard is that although the man in the street may not be bet- ter off, neither is he worse off. Even drawers of the “dole” can buy Just as much food—perhaps a little Detore Seplember, 1031, when $oid wie ore , 1931, ‘was abandoned. ‘Workman’s Living Costs Cut. ‘Wages have not been cut and the workman's cost mfigfi been 3 chan ceualr“ of the exnhequel:- mld;, the work- er's life more worth living taking a penny in & pint off the beer tax in the recent budget. Unemployment remains the one great blot on any picture of British recovery. Whether a coalition, Conservative, La- bor or National government was in power; whether the nation was on gold standard or off, the role of the workless has mounted slowly to nearly ""L’x"&'?%mm left gold in 1931, unemployment gradual grew worse through 1932, improved season- ally in 1933 and at present stands at 2,776,184, which is 80,450 less than the total in April. ‘When the United States abandoned gold last month it was natural to look for comparisons between the British and American positions under a managed currency, but the circumstances under which the two nations left gold are considered here to be so different, and the world position has changed so much, that sound economic and financial par- allels cannot be drawn. One Condition Commen. One condition, however, was common to both countries. Britain was at & high pitch of national feeling under its new national government and had ac- claimed Prime Minister MacDonald’s new leadership as the United States has acclaimed Mr. Roosevelt's advent to | the White House. The national gov- ernment held an overpowering major- ity in Parliament and Mr. Roosevelt had Congress at his feet. Beyond this, in the bellef of British commentators, there is little basis for comparison. _They assert that Britain | was forced off gold by the withdrawal of foreign deposits. The United States de- liberately went off, according to the British view, still holding gold stocks | amounting to $4,000,000,000. The American action was inflationary while the British action resulted in a deflationary -trend, according to British commegamm & Domestic uations prompted the American move, in this view, while in- ternational pressure caused Britain to | act without a pre-conceived plan, and | some of the economic and financial ad- vantages which almost immediately be- came perceptible surprised the nation. Blind Faith Calmed Fears. The blind faith of the ordinary Eng- lishman in his government and his na- tional institutions, such as the banks, prevented any tendencies toward panic. No inflationary movement resulted either in currency or credit, although a boom in securities and commodities ran for a month before prices dropped to their former level. Price levels did not change either internally or externally. Britain's greatest benefit came from her depreciated currency position, which enabled her to increase her exports—or at least check their decline—to decrease her imports, and to correct the adverse bn%lvx:&e %I r&r:dm the drop of ster] a 33 1- cent tariff wall wuun‘nuwmm thrown around the country. At the same time her debtors automatically re- duced the of service on their joans by the same amount and thereby obvi- ated some defaults. The fall of sterling brought other nations tumbling from gold until the “sterling bloc” stretched around the world, and, fortunately for Britain, it included countries such as Argentina, 'm supply her with primary products. Britain's policy was directed maintaining confidence and stability, and such has been the direction of this policy that London again finds itself Evidence of Our LANDSCAPE WORK Can be found in all sections of this indle your landscaping work to your entire satisfaction. We plan, plant and supervise growth. Estimates Cheerfully Submitted 9 g Ovposite Pt. Lincoln Cemetery URSERYMEN Atlantic 0162—Hyatts. 785 Hot Water HEAT Famous American Radiator Co. plant installed in 6 rooms as low as Includes 17-in. boiler. ..6 radia- tors. ..300 feet radiation. Com- pletely installed. 18-IN RED FLASH BOILER American Heating ENGINEERING CO. 907 N. Y. BRUENING STARTS REICH COMEBACK Elected Centrist Leader With Bid to Hitler Ex- pected. in | By the Associated Press. movement for empire economic unity. A new advantage was gained in the markets of Australis, India, Canada and other dominions and colonies in cdmpetition against American and other exports. Political events combined with economic and financial developments wdr"‘"mplnunlhhhmotha To all outward appearances Britain has ridden the storm in world eco- nomics as well as any country in the world. Her concern now is whetheb: whether currencies can be stabilized on & basis permitting her return to a workable gold standard, and how to avoid being involved in an interna- tional race of depreciated currencies, a fate which most observers agree would I'DGA“ u-h.muy.m 55 the o resolution passed e Cen- tral Landowners’ Association expresses the typical British - opinion against “premature” return to the gold stand- ard. The resolution said: “Departure from the gold standard, while not affecting the internal chasing power of the pound sterling, benefited our home agriculture and their industries by checking imports and stimulating exports. “The question of reversion to gold cannot fairly be dealt with apart from an equitable settlement’ of the war debts and reparations and an interna- tional adjustment of monetary systems generally.” HUGENBERS HINTS RFT WITH NAZIS Intimates He Would Quit| Cabinet if Powers Are Usurped. By the Associated Press. BERLIN, May 6.—Dr. Alfred Hugen- | 4 berg intimated today he will resign the agriculture and economic ministries if his powers are usurped. He was unpleasantly surprised when he learned through newspapers that| Capt. Hermann Goering, Nazi cabinet member and premier of Prussia, was 'X!porud determined to appoint the Prussian minister of agriculture. Dr. Hugenberg also holds the posts of Prussian commissar for agriculture, trade, economics and labor. Dr. Hugenberg issued this statement: | “A condition for participation of the | German Nationalist party leader (Hug- enberg) in the government was that the economic departments of the Reich and | Prussia be united in his hand.” East of ported to be Werner Wi - Bent o the Nasi Farmers’ Lesmse "% The Catholic Center party, Wwhich B e SRR O ent & r and < vided Dr. Heinrich ;r“umllg: as tm_ cellor, tolay was without its leader, m Ludwi rxm. He resigned to room for a symathiser national revolution. el = BERLIN, May 6.—Former Chancellor Heinrich Bruening surprised political circles today by starting his political comeback by being chosen chairman of th’e)r Cltgt;‘l‘ic Center Party. A ening generally had been credited with the intention to quit politics altogether. He seemed to suf- fer intensely as he sat, pale and wan with tightly pressed lips, through the recent Reichstag exercises in the Pots- dam Garrison Church and later in the brief two-day session of the legislature in which the Hitlerites did exactly as they wished. ’ In party caucus Dr. Bruening op- posed giving the Hitler regime unlimited pPowers as was demanded by the en- abling act which the Reichstag ap- provedd. He had no intention of taking the party chairmanship and energetically declined it when it was first offered, suggesting three other At the morning session of the Cen- trists today he delivered a speech de- scribed by his colleagues as a marvel of logic and statesmanship, and at its conclusion a regular stampede de- veloped. How completely the Centrists trust Dr. Bruening may be seen from the fact that all members of the Reichstag and of the Diets, and state, county and local chairmen placed their resignations in his hands, thus giving him an op- portunity to reorganize the party from the bottom up. As the ex-chancellor thanked the party for this demonstration of con- mnu the delegates warmly cheered Just what Dr. Bruening’s relations to the new Hitler regime will be was & matter of great speculation tonight. th; factors were regarded as signifi- cant: First, despite their litical enmit; Dr. Briening and Ghancellor Hitler re. gard each other highly. Second, the Centrists closed their meeting with a resolution calling at- tention to Chancellor Hitler's statement in the Reichstag: “I would like to stretch out my hands also to those who in a different way from ours are de- voted to Germany.” The Centrist resolution closed thus: “These statesmanlike words of the chancellor harmonize with our party'’s repeated call for common action and its declaration of readin-ss to co-operate g up the fatherland.” This was interpreted as an olive branch to the Hitler government. In proportion as the power of Eco- nomics Minister Alfred Hugenberg ‘Wanes—his resignation is regarded as added significance, in the opinion of COUPON ANY MAKE Expert Swiss and American J. F. ADAMS @ mere matter of time—Dr. Bruening's Dpolitical circles. GOOD FOR Watchmaker JEWELRY CO. $]. WITH THIS . Monday & Tuesday CLEANED o - 804 F St. N.W. signed for solid comfort. carrying charges collect. Chair Pictured $1.98 in Carton Rustic finish: requires no ainting. 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