Evening Star Newspaper, April 10, 1933, Page 8

fHE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY.........April 10, 1938 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor Rate by Carrier Within the City. 45¢ per month (w] i 60c per month | The Evening and Sunday Star (when 5 Sundays: The Sunday Star..... Collection made at t each me Orders may be sent in by mail oF telep) NAtional 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. 1yr., $10.00: 1 mo., 85c | 1yr. mo.. 50c 0., 40c Sunday only ' 15r. $400; 1m All Other States and Canada. 12.00: 1 mo.. $1.00 $8.00: 1mo., 7T5¢ Daily only ... e Sundsy only . Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dis- patches credited to it or not otherwise cred- ited in this paper aad slso the local news published herein. All Yights of publication of special dispatches hercin sre 8lso reserved. == A Change in Tariff Policy. In announcing invitations extended | by President Roosevelt to heads of eleven foreign governments to confer with him regarding the World Eco- nomic Conference, Secretary Hull has simultaneously proclaimed a funda- mental change in the American point of view toward international trade.| The Roosevelt administration, the Sec- | retary of State declares, is prepared to turn away from the “economic na- tionalism” of the past twelve years. The present regime at Washington is ready to meet other nations on a plane required by what it considers a new age. Corresponding proposals will be submitted by the United States during the pre-conference conversations with European, North American, Asiatic and South American statesmen at the White House, beginning with the arrival of Prime Minister MacDonald later this month. ‘What is thus foreshadowed is nothing less than abandonment of the uncom- promisingly high protective tariff sys- tem which has walled this country be- hind ramparts found impossible of scaling by the other trading countries of the world. The mere decision to in- [ vite consideration of tariffs at the London conference marks a wide de- parture from the attitude of the Hoo- wver administration when it accepted an invitation to participate. Then the United States expressed willingness to Jjoin in -the conference only if tariffs were excluded from its agenda. Now, the inclusion of tariffs is made vir- tually the primary reason for our tak- ing part at all ‘The new decision is a sound one. To say that is not to accept the view that the protective system has outlived its usefulness for the United States and can safely be scrapped for outright free trade. No one, not even Democrats of the Hull fiscal school, advocates that. The desire of the American Govern- ment to make tariffs the basis of dis- cussion at London is based on the no- torious fact that the world today is en- tangled in an almost inextricable mesh of rival tariff systems which are mainly, if not entirely, responsible for imped- ing the natural flow of commodities among the producing peoples of the earth. * Until these artificial barriers are drastically minimized, if not de- stroyed, economic restoration on a world-wide scale is impossible. Secretary Hull is within the simple truth when he says that the United States has been “one of the leaders in economic nationalism in recent years.” A low-tariff Democrat like himself can be pardoned, under the eircumstances, Jor thus thrusting at such legislative products as the Fordney-MocCumber and Hawley-Smoot acts, for the State De- partment, over which the Tennessee statesman now presides, is crammed with international protests against the inequities which our overseas friends allege Uncle Sam has systematically imposed upon them. The burden of their plaints is that the United States can hardly expect them to’ pay what they owe over here if our tariff laws make it increasingly difficult for them | to pay, in part at least, in goods sold in the American market. ‘The Chamber of Commerce of the United States today makes a timely contribution to the discussion. The na- tional business body, bi-partisan and non-partisan on all occasions, pleads for the elimination of tariffs from poli- tics. It recommends changes in the American position looking to “reason- able protection” for our industries. This can be assured, the chamber points out, “through adequate provisions for meeting unfair competition, such as dumping, convict labor and depreciated currencies, and further provisions for expert adjustment of customs rates such as would tend to remove tariffs from the plane of purely political consid- erations.” . That program will strike most Amer- fcans as an up-to-date conception of the tariff. It rests on the theory that | in a universe of closely interlocking in- terests no nation nowadays can expect to enjoy the self-contained life of a hermit, Nor can any nation hope to monopolize the benefits of commercial intercourse. To live and prosper under modern conditions, a nation must give as well as take. That, evidently, is to be the keynote of American policy for the World Economic Conference. It de- notes a square, as well as a new, deal. o Aeronautics is likely to develop the kind of legislator who understands the laws of physics and mechanics as well as the laws of the land. N The Forest Camp Recruiting. Some surprise is expressed regarding the number of men who have responded to the call for forestry workers under the President’s plan to put a quarter of 2 miilion in camps this Summer at one dollar a day and subsistence. The total enroliment reported has reached only 2,607, this being considerably below the “quotas” of the respective areas. It is not, however, to be deduced from this showing of response that the plan will | fall of its purpose, even though not all of those who present themselves are accepted. Not even all of those who hli been provisionally accepted will camps and in the working forces sent into the fleld. There are some who are physically unfitted for the duties which are to be required. It would be a la- mentable error to send to the work camps men who are not strong enough to carry on with tools, or who are not adaptable to the life of labor in the open. The testing process, after provisional acceptance, includes a physical exam- ination at Army recruiting camps, fol- lowed by further tests at Army condi- tioning camps, from which, after a fortnight, those deemed suitable will| be sent to the field. Of the slightly | more than 2,600 who were tentatively taken last week a considerable per- centage will doubtless be dropped before the work actually starts. At the rate of elimination to be ex- pected, it may be that as many as half | | a million?applicants will be needed to supply the eventual army of 250,000 actual workers in the camps. There are, of course, far more than that number now out of work, men who are of all| grades of physical fitness. Estimates as to the size of the “army of the unem- ployed” range as high as fifteen mil- lions. A conservative figure like twelve million is probably nearer the fact. It may he~—indeed it is the definite hope and expectation—that by the time the | forestry emergency plan gets under way this total of the unemployed will di- minish. ‘Those who are taken, after the sev- eral tests, will have a chance to live in | clean, wholesome conditions for three or four months, at no cost to them- selves, with the possibility of leaving| camp at the end of the period with as much as one hundred dollars each in| their pockets. They will be at no ex- pense for transportation or subsistence. Not all of them will go through the entire period. Some of them will drop out, or will be unable to maintain the | pace of labor required. If business con- | ditions improve meanwhile they will have a chance to re-establish them- selves at their homes. Certainly the ex- periment, even though it may not yield much in the way of value in the field of reforestation, will be worth the try- ing, and the present somewhat disap- pointing figures of the enrollment are not to be regarded as indicating failure. The National Symphony. The future of thé¢ National Sym- phony Orchestra, the Capital's premier musical organization, is a subject which has special interest to thousands of its friends and to still other thou- sands who, without being among its patrons, are nevertheless anxious that it may survive and prosper. The re- action of the latter group is in some respects more important than that of the former. Cultivated music lovers may e expected to indorse the art in all its organized phases, but it is from the ranks of those who know little or nothing about music that.a portion of the necessary support must come. If the orchestra’s record prompts helpful recognition at the hands of the public at large, its continued existence may be assured; otherwise, dependent on a single, limited class, it might fail. It is worth noticing that the value of a symphony orchestra to a com- munity is something more than that of the performance of beautiful and technically difficult programs for the appreciation of a few hundreds of per- sons qualified to understand and whole- heartedly to enjoy such offerings. The cultural standards of the city are in- volved. High cultural ideals simply cannot be promoted without organized effort. There might be ten thousand competent and skilled musicians in the neighborhood, and each one of them might be busy with the labors of his profession, without more than the slightest culturel gain to the masses of people. 1t is only when they can play together, when a complete orchestra can be assembled and trained, that the full significance of the musical character of the city can be demon- strated. ‘The individual musician nec- essarily is limited, to a certain extent isolated; he can have small influence on the public mind. But an orchestra, constituted of co-operating artists and expressing the best ideals of the science and art of composition and execution, is a force, an authentic power-house of vitality whose effect is dynamic and comprehensive. The presence of such an institution in the community is im- perative to the development of good taste, sound judgment and discrimina- tion among the people, not solely in the field of music, but also in the allled fields of the theater arts, painting, sculpture, dancing and literature. The work of the orchestra lifts the spirit of the masses, intangibly perhaps, but quite as truly as though it were con- spicuously obvious. ‘The National Symphony is not a Jux- ury. Its budget is modest. It is the least costly of all the orchestras of like dimensions in the United States, It has served its apprenticeship and learned its lessons, and it should be granted the opportunity to go on to its natural goal of esthetic perfection. The investment already made in it has re- turned sbundant dividends of musical artistry. It is deserving of general help. The nature of man is such that he does not live by bread alone. He lives by the things of the spirit, and among the creators of these in Wash- | ington is the orchestra which Dr. Hans Kindler has captained and conducted. — 1t is understood that Spring has ad- vanced so far as to establish a thaw that will include even frozen assets, ————e— The Bank Bill. A bank reform bill, bearing the ap- proval of the Roosevelt administration, is to be introduced in Congress- this week. This measure is designed to lay the basis for a permanently strength- ened banking system in the United States. It is to carry on where the emergency banking law, centering vast authority in the hands of the President and the Secretary of the Treasury to meet the conditions which confronted | the country last month, leaves off. It |1s a measure which will receive the closest scrutiny. It is a measure from which the American people may receive tremendous benefits and a revival of | confidence in the financial institutiors | of the country—a confidence which has been terribly strained in the last few years. The new bank bill, virtually com- pleted, has as its besis the bill which was drafted by Senator Carter Glass of Virginia during the last Congress, pas- ummmuw sage of which was delayed and pre- THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. vented first by a filibuster in the Senate conducted by Senator Long of Louisians. and then in the House, where the spon- sors of inflationary measures declined to permit the bill to be considered. For- tunately, the administration today is strong enough, with the backing of the people, to compel action on such a measure. ‘Written into thé bill as it now stands is a proposal for a bank depositors’ in- surance fund corporation, with re- sources reaching $2,000,000,000. This is an innovation. It is declared not to be a Government bank deposit guar- antee. Rather it is said to be a mutual guarantee scheme with the backing of the Government, for the Treasury would subscribe to the fund, and also the Federal Reserve banks. Some form of guarantee of bank deposits is in many quarters considered necessary to re- establish the confidence of the people in the banks. The great danger aris- Ing from the guarantee of bank deposits lies in the premium it may put upon bad and loose banking. Under a gen- eral Government guarantee of deposits, the well-run bank must stand on all fours with the poorly run institution. That, in the main, is the reason why systems of guaranteeing the deposits in banks have failed in States where it | has been tried. ~ ‘The danger may be met, however, by correcting the banking laws in many respects and by making the bankers Who receive deposits of the people's money stick to a commercial banking business. The banks of deposit have been given far'too great latitude in the past in the matter of the business which they have transacted. Among the proposals in the tentative draft of the bank bill are the divorce of security affiliates within two years, prevention of interlocking directorates of invest- ment banking houses and industrial corporations whose securities these in- vestment banks handle, prohibition of bank loans to the officers of the banks, increase of the minimum capital for national banks from $25,000 to $50,000 and authorization for State-wide branch banking where State laws permit. o In view of the fact that the radio can bring political arguments into every home from nations near and far it may reasonably be assumed that no such thing as “isolation” is completely pos- sible. sight of a householder out watering his lJawn with a hose? Yet one may do him an injustice. Maybe he has just put in fertilizer, and extremely fearful of ‘“burning the roots” of his multitude of grass plants. ‘The chances are, however that he Just wants to sprinkle. That is his privilege, of course, but one may insist it is silly, nevertheless. ‘There hasn't been a finer, wetter April in years and years. Indeed, this is the first really typi- cal Spring the National Capital has enjoyed for a decade. R In the old days, past recall, a typi- cal Spring was just that—a typical Spring It began early, at least with April Fool's day, and it remained in force without intermission. ‘There have been too many strange interludes in most of the Springs of recent memory. Because a Spring without compara- | tively warm days is not Spring at all, in_a sense. It is & continuation of Winter, a bit less severe, but the cold season just the same. * Kk % Once Spring has begun, if it desires to meet the full approval of the home gardener, it must continue in the same vein. ‘There must be no “throw-backs,” no freezes, no unseasonably colder morn- ln%m wilt down the tips of peonies. w wonderfully those sturdy plants are doing! Some of the red shoots are a foot out of the earth, others as high as half a foot, at the least. It is a race between the plants put into the ground in April, a year ago, and those planted last Fall. Some advocate Spring planting for peonies, others swear that only Autumn planting is any good. Those who speak up for the latter time of year as the best for planting peonies are in the majority. Some growers, indeed, do not offer peonies for sale in the Spring. Who is right? * K x * Perhaps this is just another of these mystic garden quarrels which are argued 80 eternally, with never a gardener ever a serious attempt to -find out where ti ruth lies. In gardening, as in tropical fish cul- ture, there is a great deal of plain “hokum” handed down from person to person. It is repeated mostly because it would 2«::1{;: too much real work to contra- | ict it. | It is easier to accept than to reject | | | R Stock sales for the purpose of income tax evasion have worked a hardship on the uninformed speculator who was play- ing the market on calculations based on legitimate valuations. ———o—s Conversations are necessary among nations as well as individuals. Concilia- tions cannot be expected where parties to a difference are not on speaking terms. ——— History is being compelled just now to recognise the title of President as im- plying more genuine power than that of dictator. —————————— Debate is already beginning as to whether Hitler is a political leader or only a new kind of racketeer. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Investment. We're through with that old hoarding fashion; For here is a chance to invest In a world that will put away passion And cheerily toil for the best. We're investing in forests and flowers And in rainbows of promise so fair That come with the soft April showers ‘That assure us enough and to spare. ‘We're investing in corn and in cattle, In homes for the ones we hold dear, In the children with innocent prattle As tender affection draws near.. BSo we're through with the hoarding of ‘metal told, As we hope obligations to settle By things far more predlous than gold. Not of Immediste Concern, “Do you belleve in evolution?” said the amateur scientist. “Why bring that up?” rejoined Sen- ator Sorghum. “It's a question that involves neither public safety, private profit nor social precedence.” Jud Tunkins says if the future were as sad as some of us think, one thun- derstorm weuld make people quit buy- ing garden seeds and purchase nothing but umbrellas. Social Problem. And we're looking for tresgure un- | P! and to tell why. | * ok ok An amateur gardener in a nearby suburb last year made up his mind to plant good specimen pecnies at both times of the year. As far as he was able he secured equal roots, at least so in price, and as fairly comparable as might be desired in size, especially as to “eyes.” The variety chosen was that grand one, Festiva Maxima. | It is a thrilling thing to watch how steadfastly this old favorite, beloved of generations, holds its own with the newcomers, both gardeners and flowers. | Newcomers to the gardening world soon realize that no variety is more satis- ‘What is sillier, in April. than the)to assume a self-righteous air, factory. New peonies, as beautiful as| they may be. seldom feel called upon | The Hon. George Higgins Moses, sire-in-chief of the * s of the Wild Jackass,” may run into a snag, it ap- pears, if“fle applies for membership in ihe press galleries of Congress. The question has not yet arisen, but there's already talk of putting the newly ap- pointed foreign affairs correspondent of the Chicago Daily News on the spot. There are two entirely different angles | to the case of the former Senator from | New Hampshire. One is that as an ex- | member of the Senate Mr. Moses is en- titled to the privileges of the floor, which'd give him an important advan- tage over other reporters. In the sec- ond place, floor privileges, once at the disposal of newspaper men (those rep- resenting the big news agencies), were withdrawn in 1928 at the behest of none other than Moses, then chairman of the all-powerful Rules Committee! The occasion was the revelation of an executive session roll call on the con- firmation of Roy O. West as Secretary of the Interior. For the disclosure of that news, the Senate punished the press lery by withdrawing news- per floor privileges, but later abolished Personally, George executive sessions. the Moses is immensely popular with Washington '?un[ craft. * % % Here's a hint to Democratic job- seekers: Have your credentials stamped “FRBC” before turning up at Postmas- ter General Jim Farley’s pie counter. “FRBC” aren't the call letters of a broadcasting station. They stand for crats who considered themselves de- serving on other ds are discover- ing that “ " is an essential rec- ommendation for favor. x ok * % Professors are still in strong demand for s in the New Deal. Another “u chibin;‘v' plum, themm1mt sec- retarys] commerce, e to -nnthgr of them, Dr. John Dlrfi:- son, ptofessor of law at the, University of Pennsylvania, an orij Roosevelt man in the Keystone State. Althwih still on the sunny side of 40, Prof. Dick- Another social problem we Are facing with a puzzled frown, ‘While asking whether beer should be Drunk standing up or sitting down. Plotorial Inspiration. “What is your objection to jazz music?” “I have no objection to the music,” answered Miss Cayenne. “But some of the dances that go with it suggest that you sre supposed to stop and look, but not to listen.” “Since we are compelled to dwell together,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “it is hard to understand how a man can hope to benefit him- self by injuring a neighbor.” Turning Point. Some day the time we all desire Will come to mark the world's ad- vance, ‘When politicians will retire And give true statesmanship a chance, Then confidence will be displayed And methods new will be installed, ‘When cards are on the table laid And some gigantic bluffs are called. “Times do change,” said Uncle Eben. “Folks dat used to enjoy loafin’ is now anxious to work as much as possible.” —e— A Favorite. Prom the Boston Evening Transcript. ‘There is a general desire amq the political brethren that the Prflnt'l reforestation idea should include plenty of plum trees. R A Corner in Red Ink. Prom the Daylon Daily News. Goldfish in Japan have been at- tacked by a strange disease, the only cure for which is red ink, which, un- fortunately, is in greal these days in business eiscles,' inson has enough cultural background demic experience to his credit for a man twice his years. A Mary- dander by birth, he studied at Johns Hopkins, Princeton and Harvard; later taught at Amherst, Harvard, Radcliffe, Princeton and Bryn Mawr; picked up MA's, AB’s, LLB’s and Phi Beta Kappa on the way, and wound up, be- tween 1923 and 1925, by practicing law at Los Angeles as a partner of Willlam G. McAdoo. During the World War Dr. Dickinson was on duty at the War Trade Board in Washington. * x k» Definite announcement that Homer Cummings is to remain Attorney Gen- eral, as prompt recognition of his ef- clent service during the emergency legislation days of the Roosevelt admin- istration, has a special significance for his home State of Connecticut. Not since Gideon Welles was Secretary of the Navy in the Lincoln administra- tion has the Nutmeg State had a repre- sentative in the presidential cabinet. Mr. Cummings makes the third Demo- cratic national chairman in the Roose- velt official household. Other cabinet members who've served in that capacity are Secretary of State Hull and Post- master General Farley. The Attorney General has coined the first epigram of the new political season. When asked the other day—it was on & Monday— about the report that the New York Clearing House Association could not legally act on behalf of the depositors and other_creditors of the Harriman National Bank, Cummings ohurved:‘ “Wisdom often comes after week ends.” b * ¥ ¥ ¥ Invincible informality prevalls at the White House executive offices. A re- cent caller at President Roosevelt's desk was Frances Parkinson Keyes, wife of the senior Senator from New Hampshire and famed woman scribe. She stayed behind after & conference to pay her respects to the President in her pro- fessional capacity. “Hello, there!” Mr. Roosevelt chirped, merrily. ‘“Seen my missus yet?” * ok k% Nowhere has this observer noticed a better summary of the work waiting to be done throughout the United States, capable of relieving unemployment, than was broadcast by Senator Robert F. ‘Wagner, Democrat, of New Yark, author of the pending $500,000,000 bill for dis “For Roosevelt Before Chicago.” Demo- his town \their heira, C in_the face of the beautiful blossoms of - tiva, Maxima. * kX X Carefully selecting his roots, our gardener planted one bed in_April, a year ago, and another in the Fall. Both were in identical soll, and care was taken to make both beds the same, as far as that ideal could be achieved. The Spring planting had exactly half a year's start on the Autumn; the plants came into nice bushy plants, although not large. This Spring, to date, some 6 shoots have come up from the Spring-planted peony, and 8 from the Fall-planted, but the Spring-planted shoots are much the larger in diameter. ‘Whether either planting will flower this season is problematical. Further data are awalted. * ok x % ‘The lawn mower ought to come out a great deal earlier than the hose, in such a Spring as this, distinguished as it is by such plentiful rains, which began as early as late March, even with thunderstorms, a rarity in these parts during that month. Heavy and continued rainfall is bringing out the grass everywhere, much to the delight of all those who feel that no feature of landscaping is more important. If, indeed, as much so! Good grass is the background, the frame, as some one has said, of all else, even monumental public buildings. Washington has had splendid ex- amples before its eyes, in the last few | years, of stately architecture springing up before the surrounding lawns could be gotten into shape. Then came the grass—and how much finer, how much more stately, the edifices appeared to all eyes! * * X % Many spectators of such transforms- tions, not being particularly interested in the art of the garden. did not stop to realize what was responsible, ‘The gardener, however, whether pro- fessional or strictly amateur, knew ex- actly what put the finishing touch to a fine limestone building costing sev- eral millions of dollars. It was nothing nore or less than some humble bushels of lawn grass seed, put into the ground at the right time, and properly l:ln'dleg : reafter. The lazy gardener—and. his name, truly, is legion—will look upon the seasonal rains of this month as really providential. They save him from the laborious nuisance of ‘using the garden hose. Say what one will, after a few years of it, the necessity for dragging out the hose becomes a bore, and little more. Even if one is possessed of all the gadgets, faucets properly placed, reels, and so on, the manuak use of- the hose becomes wearisome. ‘Sprinklers? Every one has a full assortment, and finds at last that they leave something to the imagination. It is hand sprin- kling, or none, with a good many gar- deners. That way they are able to direct the water just where it is needed, and in precisely—more or less—the right amount. o April is a glorious month, one in which the héavens themselves assume the gardener’s burdens. Why worry? And, especially, why sprinkle? WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. rect aid through the States. ‘“There are slums to be eradicated and rebuilt with adequate housing,” he said. “Thousands of communities require water supply and sewerage systems for :.!‘l‘el gdalecuon of health. Over 10,000 Ir grade crossings on the impor- tant highways of the Nation constitute & menace to life and a hindrance to traffic, and await elimination. Therc are bridges, tunnels, highways, schools and hospitals to be constructed. Alto- gether, these projects can put millions of men to work, directly, and enough indirectly to break the back of the depression.” * K X % “Manchukuo, Child of Conflict,” is the name of an appropriately yellow- covered book Julrt owlhe press under of & son, Harvard, to Japan, to speak Japanese. * ok kTH Col. Frank D. Ely, United States retired, who lives at Plainfield, N. J, has launched a -conducted propaganda at ‘ashington to helg reduce the annual postal deficit, whic! nn "l;‘\:u as ul:o,ooo,ooo. His scheme ve people the option of having their mall deEva or fetching it at the post office from rented boxes. If they want it delivered, they woul required to pay a fee at least equal to the cost of a box at the post office. sultant revenue, Col. Ely (Copyright, 1933.) ——— All to the Good. Prom the Baltimore Bun. y owing to the being given these days to very large number of chair ‘warmers which various investi- gations have disclosed as merely sitting around the counsel table of many busi- ness and financial enterprises. It has been no secret that a great many directorates are made up for the purpose of window dressing, men being invited to serve on boards because it is thought their names will enhance the stan of an institution in public opinfon. To no inconsiderable number of them the lure of & $10 or $20 gold plece is irresistible, and are al- ways on hand when the bution takes , though having as little to do with the actual conduct of the con- cern as dummies. There is no decep- tion in the business; there are innumerable instances in which men :rvoonmm-nymmmt 1t would with the operations of and they make no In the circumstances, it would be a ‘might get a better run for their money, -ndrng‘m:‘n-ummmu rthermore, the h it has learned from bitter ex- perience the ance of caveat emptor, might not be so often misled by a list of names in which it has right to believe that it can impose confidence. ———————— Sport in Texas. Prom the Chicago Dally News. MONDAY, APRIL 10, 1933 The Political Mill By G. Gould Lincoln. The Roosevelt administration, having undertaken to balance the Government budget by cutting expenditures, must now find some turers and producers generally in this country have had to slow down or quit because not enough people could their products, too many men and women “unemployed. The huge cuts in Government expenditures—particu- larly as they apply to persons employed by the Government—are going to reduce the buying power of the people by $106,000,000 through reductions in Government pay this year—pay which already had been reduced $84,000,000 under the old furlough system, now abandoned, below the basic pay of Gov- ernment workers. In addition to these pay cuts, thousands of Government employes are to be entirely separated from the service. Under these condi- tions, unless a lot of people are put to out of work, the manufacturers and farmers are to find their markets still more restricted the coming year they were last year. % * ¥ ¥ If reports are correct, the adminis- hu blic works program, variously asc‘(;uzo“d at costing from $1,000,000,000 to $5,000,000,000. Through these ex- ds and stimulated again, both by the Govern- ment and by individual citzens. In order not to upset the balance of Government receipts and Government expenditures, for ordinary Government services, bonds are to be issued. These bonds will necessarily bear interest. Also some day they must be paid. Both 1the interest and the principle in the end will have to come out of the America; 3 of tax reduction, er these circumstances, do not appear to be bright. Indeed, there is talk now about an increase in Federal taxation—with special taxes levied to take care of the bonds issued for public worlj construction. * ok ok Public works under the Hoover ad- ministration were greatly extended so as to give more employment thrwqe_la the Government—they were expand to the tune of hundreds of millions of dollars. But these expenditures did not suffice u‘;r tumrn 11:: tide of depres- sion. Whe e jer program now, it is said, soon to bs proposed will be really effective is only a guess. The trouble about such a program is that it is not really needed; that is, it is not really needed in itself. And fur- ther, the people must be taxed to pay for these public works, in which they have no personal interest. Men and women will work their backs weary to pay for homes or to amass savings which become their own. They are not 20 anxious, however, to work themselves down to pay for public works, That is human nature. S * *x 8o the Roosevelt administration— having cut to the bone—is now faced by the most difficult problem of all, the problem of building up. It has a farm }mcnm in the works now, and if the arm bill really operates efficiently it will curtail production and increase glca to the farmers. It is planning reduce interest charges and, to some degree, principal on farm mortgages, and small home mortgages. i 5 ok ok ‘The bright shining spot in the pic- ture to' date, from the standpoint of employment and of Government reve- nue, : mmugxgum of bzet‘."d‘rhe new W, President Roossvelt, Atng th manufacture and sale months to bring ican beer up to impossible for them to keep in touch | V88 temporary the institutions, in 1 pretense of doing so. has § A game of dominoes which lasted for four years has just been completed in Canyon, Tex. Chess yers in that doul the games to doubtedly work to le who have been mplond mdv!.lwptoduc- ing new revenue for which ly its the lon Constitution -itself, for all the rest the constitutional been submitted to the State tures for ratification. 2 8 £ =] E son Caffery, Colombia; Charles C. Eber- hardt, Costa Rica; H. F. Arthur Schoen- feld, Dominican Republic; Dawson, Ecuador; Charles B. Curtis, El Salvador; Robert P. Skinner, Estonis, Latvia, Lithuania; Addison E. Southard, work in private industries who are now | tration will soon come forward with a | Any reader of this newspaper is wel- come to make use at any time of the free information service of this depart- ment. Address your inquiry to The Wi n_Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washing- ton, D. C., and you will receive a per- sonal letter in reply. Inclose three cents .|in coln or stamps for return postage. Do not use post cards. Be sure to state your question clearly, and to write your name and address plainly. Q. Will there be a standing broad Jjump in the 1936 Olympics?—S. A. A. The Amateur Athletic Union says that there will not be. Q. How does the Government insure Eymmt of crop-production loans?— S. A. The loans are limited to $300 at 515 per cent interest, to be deducted when the advance is made, and are due October 31, 1933. An absolute lien on all of the crops grown by the borrower |in 1933 is required by the act. | Q. How is “suite” pronounced when ;Wgrll-hl of a suite of furniture?— "A. Either the word “suit” or “suite” may be used in referring to furniture. | 1f “suite” is used it is pronounced “sweet.” Q. How many foreign_students have [been “graduated from West Polt?— A. There have been 14. Of these, seven were from China, four from Siam, one from Switzerland, one from Cuba and one from Guatemala. The graduating class of 1932 contained three foreigners —two from Siam and one from C! Q. Please explain the relation of alco- holic content by weight and by volume.—R. McC. A. The Bureau of Prohibition says that the difference in alcoholic content by weight and by volume is as follows: Alcoholic content by weight is less than by volume. For instance, 50 per cent alecohol by volume would average 45 per cent alcohol by weight. fore, 21, per cent beer by volume would equal 2.47 per cent alcoholic content by weight and 4 per cent beer by volume would equal 3.6 per cent beer by weight. Q. What is the slogan for Child Health day?—J. C. A. The s n this year is “Mothers and Babies st.” May first is Child Health day. Q. Where are the largest gold and silver mines in the world?—J. MeN. A. The largest gold mines are in the Rand, South Africa. The largest silver mines are in Mexico. Q. Must a person be able to play a musical instrument in order to direct an orchestra?>—E. A. A. »A. Conductors of orchestras must be accomplished musicians, who are not only familiar with the musical instru- ments of an orchestra, but should have an exhaustive knowledge of counter- point and harmony, as well as ability to direct and manage men. Q. Who was the first colored bishop t:"beflconmued in the United States? A. Edward Thomas Demby was the g;st.‘ ’ll.-le was consecrated September " ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. | plece of metal or a pin, & name equiva- lent to its other names, “prickwood™ and “skewerwood,” so called because being firm, hard, and smooth, it is used | to make butchers’ skewers; but the form | “dagwood” is not found, and in this as | well as in its other applications and in | similar popular names of plants, it s | not possible to assume a definite in- | tention in the use of the animal name. | Q. Where is Edward Bok- buried? |—C. z. | A, He is buried at the foot of the | Singing Tower in Florida, which is | his gift to the Nation. Q. Who wrote “The One Hoss Shay”?" —J. O'N. A. It was written by Oliver Wendell Holmes. | pre T |, Q What is the term used to describe | the fact that a person’s heart is on the | right side of his body?—A. R. A. “Dextrocardia” indicates malposi- tion of the heart which occuples the right side of the chest. Q. Please tell something about Sam- uel McIntire, the wood carver.—F. M. F. A. Samuel McIntire was a Salem wood carver, a follower of the Adam style of interior decorating. This style in wood design was a revolution from the baroque and rococo and was char- acterized by choice delicacy and clean lines. Robert Adam commenced his de- signing in London about 1760 and the style was introduced shortly afterward into New England by Charles Bulfinch, of whom McIntire was an apt disciple. nce Darrow study A. He studied one year at the Uni- - | versity of Michigan, then read law in the office of an Ohio lawyer and was :,d;{llued to the bar in the State of 0. Q. When was thie miliary company known as the Richmona Blues organ- ized?—F. H. M. A. It was organized June 28, 1798. mmn Richardson was the first cap- Q. What are the taxes on automobiles in Washington?—C. A. B. A. The tax in the District is $1.70 on each $100 of the Blue Book value of the car. License plates cost $1.00 and be renewed each year. The tax mn be paid when license plates are obtained. A driver of an automobile must have permit. A permit is good for three years and costs $3.00. Q. How many animals are there in the Boston Zoologicai Garden?—S. H. A. There are 70 species of mammals with 224 specimens; 252 species of birds, with 1,253 specimens; 6 species of rep- tiles, with 22 specimens. Q. Do people in England speak of gm down to London or going up to ?—A. W. B. A. People in London, or in Oxford or Cambridge Universities speak of “going down” when leaving those centers, while people in other parts of England speak of “going up” to London, Oxford, or Caml : of the . The st wmw.m It is 'so picturesque t ‘photographs of the stairwa: of y and of the decorated wall to which it is at- tached are popular as wall decorations. i i i q it i i i1 e E ? 4 ; § £ i i : i 8 iz P Y14 i goy 5 § | g z A ) -4 H B. -3 g g ? 5% ol 4 i 5 i ] L i 1 fl-g§~ g s I f | el ] g 5 i g i 4 ; g i H o d § ! 8 i g i j g & | i 5§ H ! 1) § - g ; g § i g8 ] 2 By g g i} i i : 8! 2 H E -3 2 £ g8 E : i ng, Peru; F R ~ guay; Fred M Charles 8. Wilson, . | must be provi has p-honuufix:h:r not. Nothing can be " | velopment consequent is lets could have helped Acceptance of World Court Expected Under Roosevelt 2 1 i E s i iz E . i b 4 it : : g § ! E § § : i g E i ! H ! : h 8 L4 2 i i A a“ggi Ei?'é HH | f | Bz &8 poin! Evening Bul on record for the court, the platform favoring ‘with the pending reservations.’” Bulletin reviews the course of the reser- Prom the Loulsville Courier-Journal. ‘The request of the Louisville & Nash- issues of | ville for permission of the Interstate Commerce Commission to reduce one- way fare in day coaches to 2 cents & mile proposes a six months’ experiment, Doubtless the request is the result of & M;en!.n ecouping o a and partially T losses service that is compulsory. A commit- tee, representing most of the great sys- tems, some time ago concluded that in- creased volume would not be sufficient to compensate for a lower rate; but that observation, perhaps, of juestion. $26,000,000 passenger revenue in 1923 with $5,176,000 in 1933 discloses the effect of bus competition and the private vehicle on this branch of the business; yet the service ded whether the publis ivate car; but the rail fair chance to their advantage a respect which would have enabled them to expand their facilities gradually and normally. Those of Kentucky without neglected while the raflroads. It surely would have helped the residents and the State. The longitudinal route turns out to form part of the tourist loop, connecting the Appalachian, Great Smoky Mountain, Mammoth Cave and land hlll“ Parks, another