Evening Star Newspaper, March 16, 1933, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR . With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. March 16, 1933 THEODORE W. NOYES... .Editor ‘The Evening Star Newspaper Company ‘Business Office: icago Offl uropean Office: 1 Rate by Carrier Within the City. e Evening Star.............45c per month e Evening and Sunday Star (when 4 Sundays). . 60c per month “The Evening and Sun (when 5 Sunds 650 per month The Sunday Star 2 y Collection made each month. in by mall or telephoné Orders may be sent NAtional 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday....1yr. $10.00 Daily only ... % Sunday only . All Other States and Canada. Daily and Sunday...1yr. $12.00; 1mo., $1.00 Daily only .. yr.. $8.00; 1mo., 7 Sunday only ¥r. $5.00; 1mo.. B0c ‘Member of the Associated Press. ‘The Associated Press is exclusively entitled o the use for re-ublication of all news dis- ! credited to it or not otherwise cred- Rt Woihi per,aod gl foe il sty blished herein. rights of Soectal dispatches herein are also reserved. The Federal Pay Cut. As long as Congress w3 diczosed to slash away at the pay of Federal workers without raising a finger to re- duce the scandalous expenditures on vote-getting veteran bounties the Fed- eral employes and a majority of fair- minded members of Congress were able to assume and to hold an unassailable position in protesting Federal pay roll slashing. There was the other point, which can not be succe-sfully chal- lenged, that Federal workers were underpaid during the days of prosperity and are not now overpaid during the days of economic distress. But in this new emergency most of ‘ the organizations representing Federal workers have wisely refrained from pro- testing the additional pay cut. In the | first place that cut has been linked definitely with an even heavier reduc- tion in veteran bounties. In the second place the cut is only a part of the whole program, now taking definite shape, to reduce Government expendi- tures and bring the Federal budget into balance. Everybody realizes the abso- lute necessity of this step. The sacri- fices it imposes upon the individual are the inevitable, if harsh, accompani- ments. It is to the great credit of the Federal workers that as a body they have lifted no voice in protest or com- plaint. ‘The extent of their new pay cut now Tests with the President. With the help of the Budget Bureau and other governmental statistical agengies, he will immediately proceed to an analysis of the decline in the cost of living, upon which, in part, is to be based the extent of the pay cut. As those familiar with the economy bill passed yesterday know, it is the hope of its sponsors to make the salary reductions yield a saving of approximately $125,000,000. This figure can be studied in its relation to the greater saving of $383,000,000 expected from reducing the bounties to veterans not suffering from war-inflicted dis- abilities. The maximum pay cut possi- ble is 15 per cent. The total pay cut will include the reduction of eight and a third per cent already made under the furlough plan, so that the maximum additional pay cut will be six and two- thirds per cent. The only salary reduc- tion made outright through the economy bill passed yesterday was the salary reduction of Congressmen. The mem- bers of Congress cut their own pay fif- teen per cent to $8,300, leaving to the President the extent of the cut to be applied to other Federal employes. ‘The straight salary cut is not with- out its advantages. It will be substi- tuted for the furlough plan, which has been found unsatisfactory in applica- tion, no matter how sound the theory on which it was proposed. The annual leave with pay will be restored, al- though this annual leave will now be fifteen instead of the original thirty days. The reduction will become ef- fective on the first of the month follow- ing the President’s orders, which prob- ably means the first of April, and will continue throughout the next fiscal year, Should there be marked change in the cost of living during this period, however, the President is empowered %o change the pay scale accordingly. For some of the employes, who have suffered a greater reduction than eight and a third per cent under the furlough plan, the straight pay cut of fifteen per cent will be less burdensome. For those, in this fiscal year, who have al- ready suffered pay reductions approxi- mating fifteen per cent there will be no additional deductions. For all of them the pay reduction might be ac- cepted as & new starting point for a climb upward. And climbing is more exhilarating than slipping. ——————————— One great relief in the financial situ- ation lies in the fact that those inclined to discuss it freely are taking the benefit of exceptional facilities for knowing precisely what they are talking about. —————— Post Office Pens. Silliman Evans, Fourth Assistant Postmaster General, appears to be & veritable revolutionist. He has laid reformatory hands upon one of the most ancient and celebrated of Ameri- can institutions. He has declared his intention to abolish one of the most useful themes of that large and im- portant class of commentators who commonly are called humorists. He has said that the post office pen—the classicgputt of generations of jokesters— must go. An executive order has been issued to the effect that crusty, rusiy, halry, bent, blunt and otherwise defective penpoints are to be replaced with new, bright, clean, efficient penpoints-of the kind that delight the heart of latter- day Spencers and Pitmans. Postmas- ters are required to change pempoints at least once each day. From this time forth patrons of the post offices of the United States will find upon the public desks provided for their con- venience writing materials suitable to their needs, The anonymous scribes who exist to plague editors and states- | says: men from now on will be alded in their endeavors by the availajility of instruments which will render their labors & chirographic pleasure. The bashful lovers who stand in line in post office ogridors to address “Darling Baby” of “Dearest Sweetheart” will be ebetted by Federal endowment of impedimenta ‘/’gm type - ing of the post office pen is nothing ] which is conducive to legibility. The era of official neglect of penpoints has passed. “The new deal” in penpoints has been inaugurated. Three cheers for Mr. Evansl But what will the poor humorists do? With the post office pen of tradition eliminated from their stock in trade how can they survive? Five million new penpoints implies the abolition of five million opportunities for the exercise of their genius. And where are they to find subjects to replace such a vast loss? The Amaigamated, Free and In- dependent Soclety: of Ancient and Honorable Jokesters should protest against this arbitrary, willful and dele- terious interference with their business. Mr. Evans is killing their favorite theme. The public, of course, will re- Joice. But to the joke writers the pass- than a tragedy. —————————— The European Powder Barrel. Prime Minister MacDonald and Sir John Simon, British foreign secretary, will meet Premier Mussolini in Rome during the approaching week end to dis- cuss the possibility of salvaging the crumbling Disarmament Confererc: at Geneva and exploring the European situation in general. The Anglo-Italian conversations will follow close on the heels of those which the same British statesmen have just held at Paris with Premier Daladier and Foreign Minister Paul-Boncour, There are unofficial suggestions that before the Downing street tourists end their continental peregrinations they will establish contact with Chancellor Hitler, thus bringing Fascist Germany into the circle of talk which has for its obvious purpose ways and means for keeping the European powder barrel from exploding. Not for years has that ever-present source of danger to the peace of the world seemed nearer than now to bursting its fragile bonds and causing the nations once again to fiy at one another’s throats. The readiness of Premier Mussolini to sit in at a meeting designed to re- store European equilibrium is perhaps the most significant aspect of current events. Il Duce has not participated in an international conference since 1925. Despite occasional saber-rattling for domestic consumption, the Italian Fascist chieftain is a consistent advo- cate of substarttial disarmament as the best guarantee of peace. He has voiced his views on that score in near-Roose- veltian terms, for Mussolini wants “quick and effective” disarmament, to be brought about with & minimum of delay—“action now,” as the American President would put it. If comprehen- sive reduction of armaments is not pos- sible at once the Mussolini program would provide for at least a prolonged truce in the piling up of additional armaments—a standstill agreement. An inherent difficulty in the European muddle, which has led up to the exist- ing state of perilous strain, is the in- veterate habit which causes each coun- try to blame things on the other fellow. Europe’s favorite post-war pastime has been for the pot to call the kettfe black. Germany holds an enduring grudge against the treaty of Versailles powers for condemning her to economic and milifary bondage—a condition, it is worth noting in pessing, which had much, if not most, to do with Adolf Hitler’s rise to power. France charges the Germans, conversely, with keeping Europe on tenterhooks by openly threat- ening to disrupt the Versallles treaty by force, preceded by the rearmament of the Reich in violation of treaty pro- visions. The Germans accuse Poland of seeking the conquest of East Prussia. The Poles lie awake nights in fear of & German attack to blot out the Dansig Corridor. Italy is convineed that France and her Little Entente allies are plotting war against the PFascist land. The French retort by attributing to the Ital- ians a plot to seize territory in North Africa at the expense of the French co- lonial domain in that region. Italy has a further grievance against Yugoslavia and Rumania, which are suspected, un- der French encouragement, of warlike designs upon the realm which Mussolini rules. New and hostile groupings of powers are under way for the accom- plishment or frustration of some or all of these purposes, alleged and real. The Franco-Belgian-Polish-Czechoslo- vakian-Rumanian-Yugoslavian combi-) nation is faced by an embryonic Italo- German-Austro - Hungarian - Albanian- Bulgarian combination. It is a maddening and a menacing set of conditions. They bristie from top to bottom with possibilities which almost stagger the imagination. Great Britain is well cast for the role of honest broker in the fleld of concilia- tion and negotiation which it is neces- sary to till if European rivalries, sus- picions and anirhosities are not to be allowed steadily and remorselessly to drift into war. Beyond s doubt it is such considerations which actuate the British prime ministes’s current efforts. Mr. MacDonald seems to think that an immediately mollitying development would be to savé the Geneva Confer- ence just as it seems headed for the rocks. This would also, the British be- lieve, permit the impending world eco- nomic conference to open amid a less gloomy, if not more promising, atmos- phere. However slender such a 'reed may be, it is worth leaning on if it can thwart the readiness, apparently of more than one element in Europe, to plunge into the madness of war. From this standpeint, it will gratify the American pcople to learn that President Roosevelt and Secretary Hull are in consultation with Norman H. Davis, Uncle Sam’s roving Ambassador to Burope and Geneva Conference emissary, with a view to determining if the influence of the United States can at the eleventh hour be thrown usefully into the seales, in order to keep Geneva alive, prevent war and preserve peace. The time is evidently near when word “holiday” in financial circles be associated with base ball or golf, as usual. . Gangster Films and Children. Leroy E. Baldwin, member of the Executive Committee of the National Board of Review of Motion Pictures, ‘Gangster films are good for chil- dren. It is ridiculous to try to keep the ideas and facts about gangsters away from children, who already know more about them than their parents.” Not for a long time has s more thoroughly deplorable sentiment been the will expressed by any individual theoretical- 1y equipped to know better. That the utterance of i was not instantly fol- - THE EVENING him is inconsequential. " for immature minds | ;= to be educated in gang procedure it would follow that children should be made acquainted with the seamy side of life wheréver it may be found, They should be taken to police stations, jails, prisons, penitentiaries and execution chambers. They should be given an opportunity to watch the third degree. They should be introduced to the oper- ating rooms of hospitals and admitted to the exhibition galleries of morgues. fame. All the Pandora’s box of horrors which may be found in the average city should be opened to their inspec- tion. Mr. Baldwin draws no line. Sup- posedly, he nes that children would be advan by the knowledge which would be theirs after a grand tour of the gutter. He cannot have it both ways. Either children should be protected as much as possible from knowledge of crime or they should be exposed as much as possible to it. Each parent will decide for himself. . But the father or mother who is led astray by Mr. Baldwin's curious doc- trine would do well to remember that the child ordinarily is incapable of Jjudging between right and wrong, be- tween what is good and what is bad. To discriminate, matured judgment is necessary, and that is a capacity which the child does not have. Indeed, it may be doubted that all adults are so equipped. There are those who hold that gangster films have a deleterious effect upon even those who should be qualified to condemn them. Only by such s perversion of logic as that of which Mr. Baldwin is guilty can motion pictures dealing in crime be good for any one. 1t children already know more about gangs and gang methods than their parents, they know too much. Gang films must have been their teachers. The only thing that it 1s necessary to understand about gangs is the necessity to stamp them out. Invention has placed innumerable labor-saving conveniences within the reach of the public, which now requires only a systematic and intelligent method of rendering them avalleble. Many Japanese statesmen are calling for financiel advice to help decide how much military sauthority may be as- sumed without calling for too much overhead expense in its permanent maintenance. % One advantage of a sales tax might be found in placing Uncle Sam in s less hard-bolled attitude in the imagination of the citizsen who tries to compute his own income tax. —_———— Experience has been in evidence as a. teacher to an extent which may result in rendering the supply of expert ac- countants in various branches of busi- nees equal to the demand. —_———— A tendency to revive old-fashioned ideas is going 8o far as to commend new Tespect for the motto in great-grand- father’s copy book, “Honesty is the best Dolicy.” It is expected that the closing of the speak-easy will at least prevent the underworld from trying to assume too much supervision of the foundations of L soclety. ———— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. A Lofty Attitude. If I were a weather man T'd look into the sky And prophesy 3 pleasant plan Of climate by and by. T'd always talk of skies so blue And southern sephyrs wandering through The lands where biting blizzards blew And made the snowflakes fly. If T were a weather man T'd call for gxtra steam And from a studio window scan ‘The landscape’s frosty gleam. The wild and glemental strife With which this world of ours is rife I would ignoré and make this life An optimistic dream. Footprints. “Do you expect to leave footprints in the sands ¢f time?” “Yes,” replied Senator Sorghum, “but the sands of ttme get so tracked over by folks running for office that I don't suppose my footprints will get any special notice.” Jud Tunking says that when a man asks your pion about somethin’ he’s generally m‘ either to flatter you or pick & quarrel, Art Is Long. “A drop of ink makes millions think,” 1t did in days gone by. The eager mind is now inclined ‘To watch the pictures fly. Ten thousand feet of art complete, Devised with patient skill, Is now employed in celluloid To land ome little thrill Mathematical Brainstorm. “Have you any excuse ‘for being be- hind with your income tax return?” “Biggest excuse possible.” “Financial incaphcity?” D. C, THURSDAY, - BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. ‘We have forgotten whether the irls leaves were up at that time, probably & few days can make & great deal of difference. 4 will nt ightly ‘They are up now, an n dhmhdadp those who look for the signs of the beloved season. One 00, in our yard. It opens 1t petals again; aa it o say, ~Bes, ain, as “See, T'have never been shuttr o * % * othe gardenes D Bl Sventest bope oF lome ner Spring at hand. ~ 74 Surely there will not be much cold weather from now on. One not only feels it in one's bones, but there are the fresh green shoots of g‘ iris, pointed and upright, to back e up. ‘We are an advocate of lime (agricul- tural) for iris plants. ¢ Never do they bloom s0 well for us, so profusely and 50 long as when lime is rinkled around the growjng shoots at time. Preferably this simple task has been done, but there is tunately the iris not only loves lime, but suffers no harm from it, even when sprinkled directly upon the rhizome. An average trowel full of lime should be placed around each plant and left lie. owing &1l {he Strghier shd exoener al an er Mn Shortly the of luvge:;dg the ground with what is left of the lime from view. ‘Then it will not be 80 long before the flowers 'lg.penr. £ And t blooms the iris gives us! One of the plant “big 4” (the others are the rose, the peony and the gladi- olus), the iris is & flower which grows upon one. Not only is it attractive in coloration and plant “construction,” but it pos- sesses that essential charm, reliability. There is something unique about Ll.l which enables even the veriest amateur % hat tirigues Fim above crersiming above everyth! else, however, is the reliability of v.fl“‘n lofio\uflm. e amateur plantsman is used to saif i g ; ¢ 5 g E i £ g i § 2 "l £3. ] =3 BE, B i 8 : g L] g i i ! £ £y g & H I B i g g i g ; : I i g B ) 8 e ] fs o i I i H I £ : i 8% BP e g‘fl 3E% Fes % 8 EE 3 f ! insect, and the other a bac ease. of persons enjoy these plants without once ever knowing a thing about either one. Cleanliness is sufficient to keep both of them down. Cutting off old leaves in the very late Fall, and the use of lime where indi- cated, will do something toward con- trolling the moth which lays the eggs which deve‘lfl) into borers. Cutting bad-appearing all times—there will be plenty left—is & sort of pruning which ht be called iris insurance. Never hesitate to yank off a bad-] leaf in your garden. The chances are that it probably is not any good, b:nlfn" goipg to do lenty of time. For- | 5374 fo bad them. of 1 A g , and, above all, preven ?sv thm Reading. ltulho:m lener’s preventive fu- ture hard work. Perhaps that is charms of the iris, after all. It takes so little work! No one who stews stews around over a admit as much, for true, just the by any one. iris, as most people know it, is guolpmat. Once u;:}llxnl.ed ;:, goes. or years, gradually getting so thi that it blooms . ‘Then it must be taken up, divided, and reset; if German, With part of the rhizome above ground. This latter requirement is often over- looked, with the result that the plants will not fln:flez. half of the be above the level of the d. bearded iris, ozve speak _g:ryl of the course, varieties have roots. B High Lights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands RISH INDEPENDENT, Dublin.—The bill introduced by 56 Deputies of tHe Yugoslav Parliament for the expulsion of the Jesuits from the country and the confiscation of their property is another manifestation of the activities of the enemies of the Catholic Church. The Yugoslav Parliament is not a rep- resentative body. It is the puppet of the rvfnl dictatorship and an instru- ment for the oppression of the Croats and Slovenes, who have been forced under the tyrannical rule of the Serb- ians. It would be quite in accordance with its traditions if it should now de- &efldon of subject les. bill affords the Serbian mjomy an opportunity of irrit countries to endanger the peace of Eu- Tope. * % x ¥ Panama Troubled By Extradition Case. Diario de Panams, Panama —The re- ply of the American Department of State to the request for extradition made by the government of Panams in the case of two Yankee citizents sus- pected of having committed a crime in the latter country has rather confirmed Are we the better that we sought to amass and in many cases did amass wealth, with all its material comfort and luxury? Indeed, the circumstances of those once used to the instant grati- fication of every physical need and ap- petite are in & more lamentable distress Rl L e of e relatively more unhaj alteration of their fortunes. i Those who have never known that which the world has falsely denom- inated “success” mark not its absence. Those once pampered and coddled of | arif! fortune are, however, keenly sensitive to these ch condmml’lnd suffer most excessively. Naturally, we all want our luxuries, or, in the former .case, our little com- forts and pleasures back again, but few there be who recognize the crux and cause of all their troubles. Were pros- perity restored by some miracle or machination in a day, it would con- and _deviations would again plunge us ini misery | #8ainst oy 'Em- us into the abyss of Ty Like the Israelites of old, we have been worshiping the golden calf; we have made the creature and the created thing—that is to say, the material ad- Juncts of our dual life and natire the supreme end and the purpose of all our efforts. We are finding, and perhaps too belatedly, to retrieve our error, that without placing ideals and principles the fears that were anticipated in the | first, event of the petition being accepted. In fact, in this matter our republic seemed to be between two fires. The affirmative answer mm. first, that ge Panaman government imposes uj e officers of the other country fll':n duty of capturing the alleged delinquents, who reside in the United States, and of returning them for trial. Such a procedure all similar precedents in cases wherein foreign offenders have been actually detected in crimes, yet have managed to escape to friendly shores. In this instance, if the charges are not proved in a competent court, then the suspects will have a grand opportunity to claim and exact heavy from us for false arrest. The culpability will then be on the side of the defendant. Panama is thus left either to ignore or swallow the hook. The bait is the pride with which we recognize and avail ourselves of the will- ingness of anether country to return to us its citizens when indicted for wrong- within our territory. The con- cealed hook is the dismal effect of such procedures, assuming that we are not able clearly to make out a case and verify our charges. The whole_ situation is prejudicial its deserve | portation mm “Worse'n that. Mental incompetence.” |~ “I understand you are the teacher of the new singing school.” “I started in a teacher,” replied Miss Cayenne, “but now I'm the referee.” TR Egi § egég ; g1 55 seall] §§§Eg ’ i acquisitions secondary, human race cannot long inhabit earth, or gain eternal felicity. ——ee Wire Tappers and Informers. From the Omahs Evening World-Herald. ‘The new prohibition enforcement Teg- ulations announced from ‘Washington are logical and sound. The Government no longer permits the spending of money for tapping wires —=& practice that was a sneaking in- vasion upon the fundamental liberties of Americans. It no longer permits the spending of money to -buy and consume illegal whisky in the earch for evidence or to pay the unlove)y informers who win and betray confidenices as prohibition sples. The abandonment of the is wise. It is sl the terial dis- | Sountry is one of the real g | After all, d be Here the first major appointment from Cali- MARCH ' 16, 1933. The Political Mill By G. Gould Lincoln. One week ago today the Seventy- third Congress met for the first time. Within that brief space of time it has put through an emergency ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. ‘This newspaper puis at your disposal | black, but occasionally & or dark researchers in Wash- | brown skin l-welrl.u, ing & corps of trained ‘ash- who will answer questions for ‘banking §iving_ the President of the United | seums, il 5&52.525;;5;:::% i : oF : i | 3 i ig 8. 3 5 7 i largest i’. occupies a 23,000- small ads in a list of daily ly to be profitable?— like] Bull says that of space in 5,000, cirgulation had as low as §792. These small often productive of excellent re- new advertiser should have the H ERES 535, i Q. Are there more students at West Point or Annapolis?—P. W. A. There are about 1,230 cadets at West Point and about 2,000 midship- men at Annapolis. Q. When a bank is closed, can the gTess | receiver seize cash or stocks in safety expediting the work of legislation—ex- cept perhaps from some of the organ- izations which the economy bill —all it has to is to listen to the chorus of praise that is pouring into ‘Washington. * * ¥ ¥ The President has practically told the farmers’ organizations that if they can decide upon what should be done to the farmers it will be done. But it looks as though the farmers, unable to decide nmng themselves, will have wmhthn)prolemmkbmchur Executive. If reports be correct, the domestic allotment plan, which many of the farm leaders favored a few short months , and which seemingly the 1f was inclined to fl"fl;e. up. is figured that the Government might for two or three dollars lease an acre of wheat land, which ordinarily be planted, and let it lie un- planted year. Enough such acres would cut crops sufficiently, it is said, to prices up, particularly if some agreements for limiting planting can be entered into with foreign nations. Like the other plans, the marginal lands plan is merely a device to cope with the m of overproduction and an effort to experiment. admittedly, i it does not work, it will be cast aside. But it seems to be a less costly proposal—to the Government and the the other plans sug- gested. * K x % With the Congress acting speedily and favorably on proj of the Roosevelt administration, it looks as though it would be temp! fate to recess the National Legislature and send it home for several weeks. It might return in a more talkative mood. what the country has been emanding ever since the election, is the presence of the new Congress in Washington and quick action on the Demodatic program. It had been anxious to get out of the doldrums, into which the country seemed to have because no one believed u;lw :nflh{ury would or . This may be enuremun to the Congress, but that was the attitude of the man and woman toward the old Con- gress. * kxR Republican leadership in the House and in the Senate has supported Presi- dent Roosevelt's emergency It could not have made and the the banking economy bill, probably, if it had desired to do s0, but it could have delayed action, & foolish attitude when the country was demanding action and a great crisis was present. r the Republican leaders will go forward so wnm:-‘hly with the President’s farm bill and the unemployment relief bill when those measures come up for consid- eration remains to be seen. There have been indications that the Re- publicans would oppose new bond issues, believing that the country is suff- clently in debt now. With the huge Democratic majorities and with the clear evidence that President Roosevelt dominates the situation, it does not appear likely they will be able to defeat these f proposals of the Chief Executive. *k k% ‘When President Roosevelt sent to the Senate yesterday afternoon the nominations of three retired naval of- ficers to be members of the Shipping tBenivay | 85 deposit boxes?—A. K. 8. A. The office of the controller of the ys that when a closed na- lonal bank is taken over by a receiver may deny access to the premises for t|a day or two while taking charge. renters of safety deposit to open them for any & recelver, knows an indi- indebted to the insolvent lleves that he has valuable in his box, he will at- the boxholder to turn over enough of such securities to satisfy secure the debt, but he may selze the contents. State and trust companies are char- red under State laws and these vary as to the powers of receivers, but the rule governing national banks, char- tered by the Federal Government, ap- plies everywhere. A a band of anti-slavery guerrillas active before and during the Civil War, par- ticularly in Kansas and Missouri, was called a Jay Hawk. Kansas got its nickname on this account. Q. How early did fights between col- legne ‘A“d'l'm" and “town boys” develop? A. “Gown and town rows” go bagck at least to the reign of King John, early in the thirteenth century, when 3,000 students left Oxford for Reading be- cause of quarrels with the men of the town. Q. What is the explanation of the ex- pression, ‘dues ex machina”?—C. B. A. Literally, it means a god (let down upon the stage) from the machine. The machine was a part of the equipment of the stage in the ancient Greek theater. The intervention of an unlikely event or the beneficence of a disinterested person calls forth the expression. Q. How long has it been known that there are light waves which the human eye does not perceive?—G. M. A. The fact that there are radiations d | outside the visible spectrum was demon- strated as early as 1800. Q. Is Persian lamb ever any other color than black?—G. McC. A. Persian lamb is nearly always r soldier belonging to | Q. When did the Carolina colonies first have a written constitution?—P, K. A. In 1669 Sir John Locks promul- gated his Grand Model, or Pundamental Constitution, based on the principle that laws must recelve the assent of the freemen of the province, from which . | Was drafted a constitution for the Caro- lina colonies in 1689. Q. How long Debats been published?—W. W. A. This French journal, still existing, was founded in 1789 by Baudouin. Q. How many musicians are there in > !MAMF' Navy and Marine Bands?— b A A. There are 75 musicians in the United States Marine Band, 76 in the fNavy Band and 86 in the Army Band. Q. Please explain the meaning of the Jewish terms, “got and goim.”—P. C. A. Gol Is a late Hebrew synonym for Nokri, signifying stranger, or non-Jew. In the Hebrew of the Bible goi and the plural, goim, originally meant na- tion, and both words were applied to Israelites as well as non-Israelites. The words are employed, however, in many passages to designate nations politically distinct from Israel, and from this use came the meaning, stranger. As the non-Israelite and the Nokrl were heathen, goi also came to denote heathen. In its most comprehensive sense the word corresponds to unimot ha-'olam, meaning the. people of the world. Q. How many drug stores are there in the United States?—C. G. R. A. There are over 59,000. Q. Why is a 10-cent piece called a dime?—A, 8. A. Dime is derived from the Latin, decem, meaning tenth. A dime was originally used to denote a tenth part, & tithe paid to a church, or to a tem- poral ruler. The first use we find is in 1377. From this it came to mean a\ tenth of a dollar. In 1786 there is rec- ord of its use in connection with Con- tinental currency. Q. Has China or Japan the older civillization?—D. E. A. The civilization of Ohina goes | much farther back than that of Japan. | As a matter of fact, Chinese civiliza- tion was introduced into Japan about |the first century AD. In modern | times, however, Japan has outstriped China in many respects, Japan having adopted Western standards of living | to a much greater degree. While Japan | bas shown a capacity equal to t |of any other known people and while its manners and customs and certain institutions were modified in ancient | times by Chinese culture, it has kept pace with European and American civilization, | . Q Which is larger, the African or | the Asiatic crocodile? Which is more | dangerous?—J. M. | . A The broad-nosed African croco- dile has an average length of six feet | while the Nile crocodile is a Ilittle larger. The common crocodile of Asia, | the Mugger, is 12 feet long, while the | Gavial of the Ganges is at least 17 | feet in length. All of the crocodiles are carnivorous, and the Nile crocodile and the Mugger are especially danger- ous to man. Q When was the book published | concerning the adventures of the orginal Baron Munchausen?-—C. E. A. “Baron Munchausen's Narrative of his Marvellous Travels and Campaigns | in Russia,” by Rudolf Erich Raspe, was published in 1785. The incidents were compiled from various sources, includ- ing sdventures of the actual Hierony- mus Karl Priedrich von Munchhausen, a German officer in the Russian army, |who was noted for his marvelous | stories. Show of Public Confidence Made Factor in Bank Revival His handling of the bank crisis in such a way as to maintain public con- fidence inspires strong commendation for President Roosevelt. The vigor of his attack upon conditions that existed before the bank holiday is credited with strong psychological effect, in addition to the ts that are held to have been derived from prompt action and the sound measures L “Most people will suffer nothing be- yond temporary inconvenience,” says the Newark Evening News, with the conclusion that “this is really a wonder- ful thing, for which they can thank vigorous leadership and their own cour- age and good humor.” The New York observes that “confldence displaced the jitters, and that, after all, was the thing most greatly desired.” This feel- is su also by the Philadel- Evel Bulletin, which finds a contributing factor in the demonstrated return of public ence.” News- papers which are convinced that co- operation combined with confidence | prody success are the Jersey City Journal, the San Antonio Express, the Louisville Courier-Journal, the Nash- ville Banner, the Buffalo Evening News, the Dayton Daily News, the Spokane Spokesman-Review, the Boise Idaho Statesman, the Milwaukee Sentinel and the New Orleans Times-Picayune. “Something clicked,” declares the Fort Worth Star-Telegram, “and with the contact came the first suggestion of co-operation noticeable since the crash of 1929.” That paper concludes that “the simplicity of it all is its obvious virtue.” ‘The San Francisco Chronicle feels that the press “plaged a vital part in holding the Nation steady,” while the Chicago Daily News avers that e e people ap] , and are greatly - ened by the courageous, vigorous and businessiike n‘ainnncr in which President ergency. News offers the estimate: “The ex- Ust | perfence with the four-day suspension hneon, it/ had ever heard of Capt. Lincoln before, or if they had they had no immedate recollection. was fornia sent down by President Roosevelt and neither of his ardent supporters ey in the campaign, Democrat or Repub- and its trans- commetce. This Is"coualy Droper and et ol authority in several States should enforce as best it can, by civilized meth- ods, the hvunlrlnu both manufacture Droved £o be ane Hmpomivle of adequate performance on the of Federal and lican, consulted about the matter. something of c shock. The senatorial Greeting card makers f job when they failed to get out ay, appropriate to the bank Crooners for Cellibates. Prom the Fort Worth Star-Telegram. - s SQuippet With & adio T ‘svery cal » sentence, there is thy sting! March’s Mount. Antonio Evening San March comes News. in astride a & lamb?, of bank facilities taught the people that dent has shown decision and leader- cords the fact that “a breathing spell reveals the dollar sound in world mar- kets,” while the Pasadena Star-News mmu to the great possibilities that lie fore “the President and Congress and the masses of the people, all working together in harmony.” Suggestions of revision for the | system come from the Topeka Capital and the Salt Lake Deseret News, while the Oklahoma City Times feels that “the outlook for improvement is better than it was before the holiday was proclaimed.” According to the Cleveland News, “the public may be pretty sure that a thoroughly new plan of banking will be evolved, and that a central system will supersede the mani- fold and confusing systems of the sev- eral States.” present Daily Coming Home to Roost. From the Rockford Resister-Republic. Because Hollywood has permitted its energetic press agents to give the public an extravagant idea of salaries paid in the motion picture industry, pare ticularly to ranking stars, there prob- ably will be no widespread wave of sympathy surging through the Nation over the fate which has befallen the capital of cinemaland. Pay cuts ranging from 25 to 50 per cent have been ordered all down the line and many of the larger studios are reported to be on the verge of suspend- ing activities for the period of the depression. In justice to those who make their living writing, acting, di- recting or otherwise working for mo- tion pictures, it may be added that they have accepted the situation with good grace and a minimum of com- plaining. If the public does not have a true picture of problems and difficulties con- fronting the flicker industry, there is nobody to blame but the men who guide its destinies. A lot of the loose social | claims and bunk that poured out of motion picture press departments in more prosperous years finally are com- ing home to roost. Movie magnates were perfectly willing to let absurd impressions get around about film salaries and production costs. The word “milllon” was tossed about loosely,” with little regard for the fact that it is a lot of money, anywhere and any time, but especially during & period of depression. All this was regarded as good show- manship for an industry that is found- ed on tinsel and make-believe. Bigger and better deceptions, more extrava- gant claims, followed in the mad pur- T suit of publicity. Much of this was too strong for even a credulous public the [ t5 swallow. gy ' people would prefer information o= ho% to m.\