Evening Star Newspaper, January 29, 1933, Page 14

- B—2 * EVEREST FLIGHT PLANS DETAILED Photographing of Mountain and Survey of Surround- ings Are Aims. BY “AIR COMMODORE” P. F. M. FELLOWES, D. S. 0. Leader of Everest Flight Expedition. Epecial Dispatch to The Star. LONDON, January 28 (N.AN.A).— Equipment for a flight to the summit of Mount Everest must be similar in many respects to that needed for an attempt on an altitude record, and yet in some important particulars it is very different. This flight is to be more than an ad- venture. It is also an experiment in search of scientific information. It has three main purposes—to fly over and photograph Mount Everest, to sur- vey the immediate surroundings of the mountain and to prove that the highest mountain in the world is not an insur- mountable barrier to air transport. Its peculiar characteristic is that if it succeeds in its second purpose it will have done in about three hours work that which would otherwise necd years of patient ploneer endeavor over al- most_impossible terrain. Starting from the base at Purnea, in| Bihar, the. two airplanes to be used will fly on parallel courses. They will climb directly to a height of about 11,000 foet, and should have reached that altitude within eight minutes and after traveling forward only about 10 miles toward their goal. At approxi- mately that height they will fly, climb- ing slowly toward the mountain, for 100 miles more or so. and at the end of that time they will begin the steep- est part of their climb. Fitted for High Altitudes. A little over an hour after leaving, the ground they should have traveled considerably more than 100 miles and have reached a height of 25000 feet. The last part of the climb should be only slightly slower than the earlier sections, because these planes are fiited specially fer high altitude work and will not develop their greatest efficiency at the lower levels. The last 9,000 feet of height should be gained in about 25 minutes, and the | two aircraft, provided the wind is not | contrary, should be above the crest of the great mountain about 83 minutcs afier leaving the plains of Bihar. For at least half that time the pilots and | observers will have been taking oxygen in larger and larger quantities to make up for the lack of it at great heights. If all goes well they may remain poised about the stupendous panorama sur- rounding the world’s highest mountain for perhaps 20 minutes and then turn away for the long glide back. During a part of the outward and re- turn flight, special automatic survey cameras will take vertical, overlapping photographs of the ground covered. At the same time the observers will oper- ate cinematograph cameras and, ham pered though they may be by oxygen | tubes and electrical cables to the con-| nections for heating their clothing and | their apparatus, th should be able to direct their cinema cameras on inter- esting or important objectives on either side of and below the planes. Between the two methods (vertical and oblique | photographt) a most valuable record | of the ht and an actual picture nf[ country never before seen at close quar- ters should be brought back. Detailed Map By Camera. ‘The cameras for the vertical photo- graphs are of a very modern design, and their unusually wide focal angle means that the planes should cover a wide strip of mountain country, in- cluding several recognizable points al- ready fixed by accurate ground sur- vey. From the overlapping photographs a complete mosaic of this strip will be prepared, and it is hoped that it may prove possible, using this as a back- bone, to build up, with the aid of the oblique cinematograph views, a reason- mbly accurate detailed map of a wide area. We had to seek a type of plane from @mong the general-purpose class, and we have every reason to believe that the Houston-Westland two-seater, built originally as an experimental military machine, engined with the Pegasus S III, will give us the performance we need. We decided we could do without wheel brakes. on the assumption that we should have plenty of room at our base leading ground, and should prob- ably not have to contemplate forced | Jandings on a comparatively short flight. The removal of the brakes saved another 40 pounds in weight. The Jead the machine will have to carry wiil be near 1,400 pounds, and of that total about 700 pounds represent fuel. When we set out from Purnea the load- ked weight of the machine will be about 5.000 pounds, and this will have fallen %o 4.620 pounds when it reaches the pummit of Everest. | Increases Efficiency. ' That weight is perhaps 500 pounds Fs.s than the loaded weight of the lane in its military form—a reduc- jon which had to be made in the in- terests of high performance at great height. Another change concerns the type of airscrew fitted. We are using &n airscrew which will not enable us to use the full horsepower of the engine auntil we reach about 13,000 feet, in order that a large proportion of the horscpower of the engine will be avail- sble at a great altitude. Also the air- screw revolves at half the speed of the engine. This increases its efficiency at all altitudes over one revolving at the same speed. The actual speed over the ground when climbing will probably not be more than about 77 miles an hour at the start, and will rise to about | 135 miles in level flight only when we Feach operational height. The aircraft is a medium, single-en- gined biplane of metal construction. Its span is 4615 feet; its length 34 feet.! 3ts undercarriage has a specially wide track that the machine may be used on rough and unprepared aerodromes. ! Bpecial care has been taken to protect the pilot’s and observer's cockpits Il’r\ml cold air and draughts. In front has been placed a three-ply partition, and | the observer's cockpit has two roof; panels which fold inward and may be | fixed in position after the observer has taken his place in the cockpit. This covered compartment has two windows on either side and a window 4n the floor. One window on each side and that on the floor have sliding panes so the cinematograph camera ay be trained directly on its objects, nd the other side windows may be ppened slightly outward on side hinges g protect the camera and its operator om the cold blast of the slipstream. Keeping the Camera Warm. The survey camera is fixed in the floor of the fuselage, immediately be- meath the pilot's seat. The observer wnay reach forward to this camera from his cockptt and upon him will rest the duty of changing the film packs as they are. used up by the automatic amera. This task will have to be done uickly, and according to present plans, the change will take place only once and that over the summit. This camera, like most of the other pieces { the pilot, by lighting a red lamp on his of equipment that will be carried on this flight, will have to be kept warm, and to this end the manufacturing company has fitted it with a new sys- tem of thermostats to take the place of the more ordinary and rather primitive electrically heated waistcoat with which survey cameras used at great heights have hitherto been supplied. Three of these cameras are being {provided. They are constructed chiefly of aluminum and curalumin, and each, complete with mounting and controls, weighs less than 40 pounds. The camera tontains five lenses. The main lens is pointed vertically toward the ground EN. EDWARD WARFIELD, 91, who is the last survivor of a detachment of 700 from Alexandria who enlisted under the Confederate flag in 1861, was honored at a banquet given last night by the Bull Run Camp of the Sons of Confederate Veterans. Division under Gen. Robert E. Lee. liam Bulow of South Dakota, speaker at the banquet. center, shaking hands with Arthur Clarendon Smith, commander of the camp, who presided. Gen. Warfield recited Lee’s farewell to his troops as a climax of the evening. - THE SUNDAY STAR, Civil War Veteran Honored BANQUET GIVEN FOR ALEXANDRIA CONFEDERATE. | Gen. Warfield served in Pickett's On the left above is Senator Wil- Gen. Warfield is in the —Star Staff Photo. and takes photographs measuring five | inches square. The smaller lenses serve | to record on the tails i second, se information as may be useful for ref- erence. Determined Automatically. That exposures may be made at pre- determined intervals, variable accord- | ing to the height of the machine above | the ground phctographed, an electrical | control box is fitted. This allows the | intervals between exposures to be de- termined automatically and also warns same film such de-| instrument board just before each ex- posure is made, so that he may keep the plane on an even keel. The camera contains 450 working| parts, such as gear-wheels and levers, | which must be able to operate prop- erly at temperatures as low as 40 de-| grees F. below zero. The chief reason for heating the camera electrically is | that photographic film at low tempera- | tures not only loses some of its sen- | sitiveness, but becomes brittle as glass. | The electric heater fitted in each film | magazine has an automatic control to prevent over-heating at the lower alti-,| tudes. | Oxygen and electrical apparatus con- | stitute a large and important part of the flight's equipment. The main sup- ply of oxygen will be carried in three 750-litre cylinders, which should af- ford a sufficient supply for the two oc- | cupants of the machine for about two and a half hours, even if the machine remains above the crest of Everest for & full helf-hour. One man uses about six litres a minute at 30,000 feet. | There is also a 750-litre reserve ('_Vl-‘ inder of oxygen, and although the pri-| mary supply is controlled by the pilot, | the reserve system is controlled by | either pilot or observer, so if the main | supply fails and either should faint| the other will not also be doomed to lose consciousness for lack of oxygen, but may turn on the stream for his own and for his companion’s use. Should the pilot need such help, the observer may thus restore him to con- | sciousness in time for him to resume complete control of the plane. Sud-| den deprivation of oxygen at great alti- | tudes induces sensations similar to those experienced on being anaestbe- | tized. There is, therefore, some warn- ing before unconsciousness supervenes. Protecting the Pilot. The electricity for heating purposes is supplied by a 1,000-watt engine- driven generator. It will serve not only the crew (warming their clothing and even their goggles so that these may not become frosted). but also the valves of the oxygen apparatus and such instruments as might cease to op- erate if they become frozen. The pilot in particular will have need of this supply, for there is no roof to his cockpit. It is equipped with a big hooded wind-screen and is protect- ed against the draughts which often Jeak into a pilot's cockpit from the for- ward part of the machine; yet he will still remain the most exposed member of the crew, and upon his ability to continue his work will depend the safety of himself and his observer. One other important provision is the fitting of spring control boxes on the control cables to take up the differen- tial contraction of the steel as com- pared with the duralumin in the plane structure. The control cables are of steel, whereas the wings and most of the frame are of duralumin, which contracts in changing temperatures about twice as much as steel. spring boxes will thus prevent the con- trols from becoming “sloppy” at high altitude and should give the pilot com- | plete control no matter how low the temperature. Embodies Two Devices. The other plane is the Westland Wallace, the standard R. A. F. general purpose aircraft. It is also fitted with a Bristol Pegasus (580 h.p.) engine. A Similar engine boosted to a high de- gree was used by Capt. C. F. Uwins when he made his altitude record. It embodies two devices—a supercharger and an automatic boost control—which o react on each other that the out- put of the engine remains nearly con- stant throughout a large part of the climb. That is to say, a centrifugal fan compresses the gases before entry | - into the cylinder, and a barograph con- trols a servo-motor, which in turn con-l trols the opening of the throttle, and | thus prevents the fan from overcharg- ing the cylinders. The Wallace, which is similar in gen- eral design and in many details to the ‘Houston-Westland, has been adapted and equipped in exactly the same way, and it is expected the two machines will have performances so nearly equal that there will be little difficulty in their carrying out the expedition to- gether. In the Houston-Westland, which 1s regarded as our first string, the pilot will be Squadron Leader Lord Clydes- dale and the observer Lieut. Col. L. V. S. Blacker. In_ the Wallace, Flight Lieut. D. F. McIntyre and an expert cinematographer will be the occupants. A reserve pilot from the R. A. F. in India will be available at Purnea, where the party will also include, in addition to Col. P. T. Etherton and myself, a second cinema photographer, a photographic expert from Australia, @ ground engineer from both the West- land Aircraft Co. and the Bristol Aeroplane Co., and a non-commissioned officer and five airmen lent by the R. A. F. in India. Start Early in Day. The flight wil almost certainly start early in the day, because the take-off will be easier in the cool morning air, and the comparatively bad conditions which are found in the middle of the day will be of less importance when the machines are landing light at the termination of their flight. It will be essential to choose & day when the sky is clear and visibility is good. In the best of conditions the 28,141 feet actual height of Mount Everest will, on account of its southern lati- tude, represent a standard atmosphere height of about. 30,500 feet. -In- the worst possible conditions might LEAGUE MAY TAKE ' LIBERIAN ACTION |AGAINST BANDITRAIDS ‘The | proved the rcbbers were from Mexico. U. S. Row With Tiny Nation Likely to Bring Commit- tee Session. By the Associated Press. Liberia and the United States are in- volved in a heated controversy over ef- forts to invalidate American invest- ments, which probably will force a spe- cial meeting at Geneva of the League of Nations committee named to assist the African nation in reorganizing its gov- ernment. Revision Demanded. For five weeks the United States has been endeavoring to get the Liberian government to revise legislation which violates the loan agreement of 1932 with the Finance Corporation of America, & Firestone company. Through Charles E. Mitchell, Ameri- can Minister at Monrovia; Sir Ronald Lindsay, British Ambassador at Wash- ington, and Viscount Cecil, president of the International Committee on Li- beria, the State Department has sought to get a modification of what it de- scribes as “amounting in effect to con- fiscation of monies due the American company and to the destruction of the security on which over $2.000.000 has been advanced by the company to Li- beria.” Protests Ignored. Oral and written protests to President Barclay have been ignored and Bar- clay administration officials have re- turned unopened letters which the American Minister has written concern- ing the alleged violation of contract. Without the consent of the American company, the Liberian government has | reduced the interest on the loan, de-‘ clared a moratorium for five years on the sinking fund, reduced the salaries of | American fiscal cfficers operating under | the loan and otherwise altered the con- | tract. RANCHMEN ORGANIZE Texas Border Residents Arm Selves to Halt Plundering by Mexi- can Robbers. By the Associated Press. MARFA, Tex., January 28.—Reports reached here today that ranchmen in the vicinity of Presidio, 70 miles south of Marfa on the Rio Grande, had armed themselves as & protection against raids by bandits from across the river. Stanley Casner, manager of the Chi- nati plantations, north of Presidio, said a store which carried supplies and clothing for farmers and ranchmen had been looted and that an investigation Casner stated that the Mexicans, who cross a shallow ford at that point, com- mented that soldiers and the post at Fort D. A. Russell at Marfa had been removed and that they could do as they pleased. The border patrol and ranger forces were described as inadequate to cope with the situation. Robbery of & small store at Ochoa and the burning of a dwelling near Presidio after it had been ransacked also were reported. Cattle and horses were said to have been driven across the river. Under Government orders, Fort D. A. Russell was abandoned about a month ago and the 1st Cavalry, stationed close to the border for many years, was trans- y., to be trans- rise to 31,500 feet, but in such a case the weather would probably be so bad that the flight could not be undertaken. | The planes are expected to give us & height of 34,000 feet in standard at- mospheric_ conditions, and so we may expect to be able, if necessary, to clear | the summit of the mountain by 3,000 | feet. This will probably be the smallest margin the machines will have. At other times they will generally be at least 5,000 feet above ground, and there may be occasions when they will have as much as 10,000 feet to spare over | the land below. It may prove possible to make photo- graphic reconnaissance of the mountain | synchronize with the attempt of a' climbing expadition to conquer the im- mense difficulties of the ascent by foot. In this case if a quick means of com- munication between the climbers and | the fiyers can be established, it is hoped | some service may be given by our ex- pedition to the ground party by supply- ing them with a recent photograph of the ever-shifting ice walls and glaciers near the peak. 1f,on the other hand, the attempt of the climbers should have succeeded be- fore the aerial survey is carried out, the photographs of the summit w2 hope to- take would no doubt show such_tekens of success as the climbers may plant on the crest. mWhg our fl}:‘;t lillxlas: hntggen x;mde e photographs wi nted and ex- amined and, if permlsflo: can be ob- tained for a second flight, any gaps in the original Survey will ke filled in at & second attempt.. It is.then the inten- tion of the expedition to place the pho- tographs at the disposal of the climb- and alto of the Maharajah of Nepal, the India Survey Department, and the Surveyor-General's Department in England for mapping purposes. WASHINGTON, ~ ROAD AND SCHOL Montgomery Civic Federation Group to Formulate Pro- gram Monday. By a Btaft Correspondent of The Star. Bl A, Md., January 28.—A definite program of new road and achool construction which it proposes to have the Maryland General Assembly author- ize for Montgomery County during the current session of that body at An- napolis is expected to be formulated by the Montgomery County Civic Federa- tion’s Committee on Public Finance and Budget at a meeting in the County Building here Monday night. Construction schedules recently sub- mitted to the federation by the Com- mittees on Roads and Bch{)ol.l will be studied and the costs of the various projects compared with available funds to determine the amount of new bonds which would have to be authorized to carry out the work. Federation leaders have indicated that only items which are considered absolute necessitles will be included on the final program, and it'is expected that a number of changes may be made in the programs as originally prepared by the roads and schools groups. The Committee on Roads declared in its re- port that it would not recommend any new construction that would involve the issuance of additional bonds. Pederation to Get Report. The program devised by the commit- tee at Monday's session will ba pr sented to the federation for its consid- eration February 13 at & meeting in the Bethesda Elementary School and is to be forwarded to members of the Mont- gomery County delegation in the Gen- eral Assembly after it is adopted. John A. Dickinson, chairman of the Committee on Public Safety, announced tonight that he will call a meeting of his group at the County Bullding either Thursday or Friday to consider two important items—the placing of first- aid and rescue equipment along the Potomac River and the installation of additional traffic lights along county Dickinson said that inquiry has re- vealed that the great cost of installing an adequate amount of rescue rings and apparatus for resusitation work along the Montgomery County shores of the river would be prohibitive and the com- mittee probably will vote to have the federation strike the item from its pro- gram. Plan Survey of Roads. Plans will be made at the meeting, the chairman declared, for a survey of the main arteries of the county's high- way system to find whether any addi- tional traffic lights are needed and where they should be placed if it is found that more signals of this type | should be put into operation. Dickinson said the survey probably will be directed by Dr. Morton G. Lloyd of Chevy Chase, a member of the com- mittee, who was one of the leaders at the Conference on Uniform Motor Vehi- cle Laws called by President Hoover when the latter was Secretary of Com- merce. The Committee on Public Utilities met this week and started preparations for appearing before the joint valuation hearing on the properties of the Wash- ington and Georgetown Gas Light com- panies, which is to be conducted in Washington February 27 by the Mary- land Public Service Commission and the Public Utilitles Commission of the Dis- trict of Columbia. The committee plans to make a de- termined fight for & lower gas rate in the suburban area of Montgomery County at the hearing. GETS MISS TALLEY WEDDING ANNULED Says Husband, Pianist Rauchei- sen, Broke Agreement as to Mother and Sister. By the Associated Press. LONG BEACH, Calif.. January 28.— The brief romance of Marion Talley of Kansas City, former Metropolitan Opera singer, has ended in the annul- ment of her marriage to Michael Raucheisen, 43-year-old German con- cert pianist of international reputation. The annulment was night in Superior Court here on the singer's charge that her husband had violated & pre-nuptial agreement by refusing to allow Miss Talley's mother and sister to live with them. Counsel for the singer said she had gone into seclusion after receiving the decree and the German pianist was reported en route to Berlin, where Miss Talley met him last Winter whilé tour- ing Europe with her mother and sister. The musicians were married six months ago at White Plains, N. Y., and drove in_ Miss Talley’s motor car to Kansas City, where they lived for 8 time in the walk-up apartment which had been the home of Miss Talley and her family prior to her marriage. The rapidity with which the Kansas City schoolgirl rose to a place in the New York Metropolitan Opera Co. was matched by the abruptness with which she abandoned her carcer. GLASS BILL LIKELY TO EXPIRE QUIETLY |End of Stormy Career Finds Meas- ure Shelved in House Banking Committee Room. By the Associated Press. In contrast to its turbulent past, the Glass banking bill is resting quietly in the House Banking Committee room with _indications it may be permitted to_expire there peacefully. Chairman Steagall said yesterday that “no date had been set for hearin; the measure.” He said that did not mean hearings would not be held or that the bill would not be reported to the House, but that “there are several other matters to be disposed of before the bill is taken up.” Senator Long, Democrat, of Louisiana, who conducted a determined filibuster against the Glass bill before it passed the Senate, conferred with Steagall, but the latter said the pending measure was referred to only incidentally. LEAGUE TO AID RUMANIA Co-operation on Fiscal Reform Omits International Loan. GENEVA January 28 (#).—The League of Nat] Councll, with the ap- proval of Rui a, has adopted a plan of financial assistance for that country described ss a new departure in League co-operation. ‘The Council will name a financial ad- viser to collaborate with Rumanian of- ficials on a plan for financial reform, which will be the basis for Rumania’s economic reconstruc . The new feature lies in the fact that there is to be no international loan. i 1933, By North’ Ameritan News: toaprrient. 15% Mludnee. they oo Heretofore when the League assigned financial adviser it.was, to supervise a. N BILL TO BE llRAWNl TAXBILL PLANNED granted last | on | the Ford Motor Co, of the property of D. C., EWRAGE BETTING JANUARY 29, Measure to Be Presented As- sembly This Week Proposes Graduated Levies. By a Staff Correspondeyt of The Star. ANNAPOLIS, Md., January 28.—An- other race-track betting tax proposal will be laid before the General Assembly when it convenes next week, it was learned today. The latest suggestion will take the form a bill, whigh, it is claimed, will increase the revenues of the State $1,000,000 & year on the basis of last year’s betting at the tracks, and at the same time not destroy the racing busi- ness, a result predicted if the 10 per cent tax on pari-mutuel tickets proposed by the State Tax Survey Commission is adopted. Instead of imposing an arbitrary fixed tax of this sort, the new bill will provide for a tax on the net profits of the tracks increasing scale, and leave the Racing Commission free to fix the “cut” which the tracks are allowsd to take to cover expenses, such as purses, etc. 15 to 75 Per Cent Tax Proposed. It would start with a 15 per cent tax on the net profits as at present, but when the profits exceeded $100,000 the tax would be increased to 25 per cent for the second $100,000. The third $100,000 would be taxed 50 per cent, and all profits above that figure taxed at the rate of 75 per cent. The sponsor of the measure, an in- fluential member of the House, did not care to reveal his identity until the | bill is actually presented. ‘The plan is the fourth advanced con- cerning race-track betting taxation. The | 10 per cent betting tax advocated by | a majority of the members of the Tax| Survey Commission was soon followed | by a proposal contained in a minority | report of the commission suggesting the | feasibility of a 2 per cent tax. Since the Legislature convened several mem- | bers have proposed a tax of 5 per cent. | BETTING TOTAL DECREASED. Figures for 1932 Held $10,000,000 Less Than In 1931 Special Dispatch to The Star. BALTIMORE, January 28 —The | total pari-mutuel bet at the four major race tracks in Maryland during 1932 was approximately $10,000,000 less than the amount bet in 1931, according to the thirteenth annual report of the Maryland Racing Commission just made public. v None of the tracks earned full divi- dends, although Havre de Grace and Bowie stockholders were paid from sur- plus funds. The Pimlico track not only did not earn its dividend, but actually suf- fered a loss of $30,606 for the year. Jervis Spencer, jr. chairman of the | commission, revealed that Pimlico, | starting December 1, 1932, has discon- | tinued paying executive salaries. | $35,306,932 Bet in 1932. ‘The total pari-mutuel bet in 1932 was $35,306,932, as compared with the total bet in 1931, $45,232.597, and $54,- 680,165 wagered in 1928 the high record since the racing commission was| created. | In that of the report dealing with the tax collections from the four major race plants it was shown that all the tracks were able to pay a tax except Pimlico. The tax imposed by the State is 15 per cent of the net| revenue of the track. | The tracks, with the tax they paid to_the commission, are: | Havre de Grace, operated by the Harford Agricultural and Breeders’ Association, $23,989.30. | Laurel, operated by the Maryland State Fair, Inc., $15,909.39. Pimlico, operated by the Maryland Jockey Club of Baltimore City, none. Bowie, operated by the Southern Maryland Agricultural Association, | $11,412.68. | Tracks Included Expenses, | The reason that the three tracks were taxed, although the track records | showed a deficit, is that the tracks | in determining their deficit include cer- | tain expenses which are not allowed | by the racing commission. | Havre de Grace, for instance, figured | a deficit for the year of $104,503. In| estimating this deficit, however, the | track officials included the figures for | Federal tax on income, the State tax| on net revenue, depreciation and divi- | dends paid. These items amounted to $254.431.69 for the vear. Therefore the racing | commission levied the 15 per cent tax | on the taxable net revenue of| $159.928 69m | Havre de Grace earned for the year $65,497. Using its surplus funds, how- ever, the track paid total dividends of | $170,000. Bowie showed a deficit for the year | of $25230.98. However, the surplus fund was used to pay a total dividend | to_stockholders of $121,080. Laurel and Pimlico have not paid dividends for 1932 operations. COURT DELAYS ACTION ON FORD SUMMONS Hearing Scheduled Tomorrow on Motion to Quash Notary's Subpoena. By the Associated Press. DETROIT, January 28.—Technicali- ties cropped up again todey to delay further a decision on whether Heqry Ford is to be ordered to appear before a notary to give testimony in a suft in- volving the Ford Motor Co. and the Sweeten Automobile Co. of Philadelphia. At the request of counsel for the Sweeten Co. Circuit Judge Guy A. Miller postponed until Monday a hearing on a motion by Fcrd attorneys to quash a subpoena that had been served on the manufacturer by a ruse. Judge Miller's action was taken after he had informed the attorneys seeking Ford's appearance that he believed the proceedings contained a “fatal defect.” Meanwhile, action on a petition for a bench warrant to force Ford’s appear- ance before the notary weg withheld in Circult Judge Harry J. Dingeman’s Court. The suit grows out of the purchase by the Lincoln Motor Co. at a receiver's sale in 1922. |SLASH OF DR.Y FORCE IN 4 STATES UNLIKELY Virginia District to Suffer Some Dismissals, However, Says Administrator. By the Associated Press. RICHMOND, Va., January 28.—Dis- trict Prohibition Administrator R. Q. ! Merrick said yesterday that “no whole- sale dismissals” will be necessary in Virginia or other States in the district as a result of the 10 per cent cut in :x;(urcement appropriations voted by e H 3 “The cut will affect us to some ex- been lost to the service since July of last year and that none of them .had been replaced. Consequently, he added, t‘we have that much . I.do | By the Associated Press. | not | never shaved in the barber feel that we will be seriously affected. The district is composed of Mary- land, Virginia and North and South Carolina. 1933—PART ONE. POT OF GOLD STIRS INTEREST ‘Treasury Officials Say Value of Treasure Found at Salishury, Md., Depends on Nature of Coins and State of Preservation. pot of gold unearthed at Salis- bury, Md., has stirred much interest here in the National Capital, where Treasury officials have been wondering whether some of the old money may be presented for redemption and coin col- lectors have discussed the possible Tumismatic value of the find. Whether the old money, consisting of gold and silver coins and paper money, will be worth more or less than the $30,000 estimate placed on it by Vance Butler, on whose property the pot was found, depends, according to officials here, on the nature of the money and the state of its px&etuflervnlon, e are two erent values - sible to place on the strange tmflll)s:c. uncovered in an old brick vault, which may have been part of a fireplace of an old building. The one value would be its worth on redemption by the Gov- ernment and the other would be its worth to coin collectors. States Issued Gold Coins, Concerning the gold, around which most interest appears to center, there are several considerations. For in- stance, the gold money must have been issued by the Federal Government to be redeemed by the Federal Govern- ment, but there is some doubt cast here on the issue of some of the gold coins. For instance, one report indicated there were some gold half dollars. The Fed- eral Government never coined a half dollar, it was explained, but in the early days of the gold rush, the State of California, and some other gold States did issue small coins of the value of a half dollar and of a quarter. They were used as money and probably had proper intrinsic value. But as they were issued by States, they gould not be redeemed by the Federal™Govern- ment. One official sald that quite a large number of these old gold coins were struck by the States and they do not bring a high price among col- lectors. They would probably, however, sell for more than their face value. Concerning genuine gold coins issued by the Government, also there is an interesting series of qualifications which would come into consideration ‘should the old coins from Salisbury be brought to the Treasury for redemption. For instance, it was explained, when new | gold coins leave the mint, they carry in pure gold their exact face value. There is $5 worth of gold in a $5 gold piece, and so on. To allow for a cer- tain amount of abrasion or wear on the gold coin, the Government has fixed for the various pieces what are known as various amounts of “tolerance.” This allows the gold coin to be worn off by a eertain small percentage of its weight and still be redeemed at full value. If, however, a gold coin has lost sufficien. weight, which would be more than the “tolerance,” such a coin could be re- deemed only as gold bullionl for what- ever it would be worth by weight. Silver at Face Value. Silver coins are on a different b: from gold_coins, however, it was plained. Silver coins will be sndeedind at face value no matter how mucl they may be worn, so long as they be identified. Th= question of toleranc does not enter into its value at re- demption as it would in the case of 871, On the other hand. howaver, if any of the old silver coins were mutilated with holes punched on them, cr pieces cut out of them, they could be redeemec only as bullion. This would be a much greater sacrifice in value for silver than for gold coins. For while the price of gold is fixed at $20.67 an ounce, and gold coins carry their full face value in weight when new; silver coins carry an amount in siiver which is worth now, at the market price of silver, much less than the face value. For instance, the amount of pure silver in a silver dollar, even a brand-new coin, is now worth only about 18 cents. Silver is now sell- ing around 25 cents an ounce and there is substantially less than an ounce ol real silver in a silver dollar—the res! is copper. Paper Must Be Genuine. _There are certain -interesting regula- tions also around the possible redemp- tion of paper money. First it must be identified by experts as genuine issue by the Federal Government. If muti- lated with more than three-fifths of the bill present and possible of identifi tion, it will be redeemed at face value. If. however, therc is less than three fifths, but more than two-fifths, it will be redeemed for half its face value. If the pieces are less than two-fifths of the original they are worthless and cannot be redeemed. ‘The numismatic value of any of the gold, silver or paper-money to collectors | of old money, is something which has also aroused much interest here. Bu this could be determined, it was ex- plained, only by a minute examination of the old money. Many persons, including experts at the Treacury, have expressed much in- terest in the treasure, and the hope ha- been expressed in al g s that the owner may bring or send it to Washington DECEPTION CHARGED |TAKETOMI DENIES JAPAN IN AIRMAIL CONTRACT Flcrida Senators Launch Attack on | Proposed $240,000 Seatrain Payment. Charges of deccption and fraud were made in the Senate yesterday as Sena- tors Trammell and Fletcher, Florida Democrats, sought to strike from the ‘Treasury-Post Office supply bill $240,- 000 for payment to the Seatrain Co of New Orleans on an ocean mail contract. ‘The Florida Senators contended the | contract had been abrogated when the Seatrain Co. applied for and received permission to operate betwecn New York and New Orleans via Havana. The original contract was for a New Orleans-Havana service only. Senator White, Republican, of Maine, replied, “this is an existing legal con- tract which the Government will have to pay whether you strike out this appropriation_or not.” | Senator Copeland, Democrat, of New York, presented a letter he said | the Postmaster General had written to the Seatrain Co. January 11 agreeing to their request for modification of the original contract. Trammell replied that if such a, modification had been made it was ob- | tained by “deception and fraud, in substance.” He added that such action repre- sented “favoritism” by the Postmaster General and violation of “the spirit if not the letter of the law. | Trammell said, “log-rolling. manip- | ulation, force and coercion were used on the Navy Department” to obtain its approval so far as the value of the type | ship for naval purposes was concerned. | Senator McKellar, Democrat, of | Tennessee, said the Seatrain contract | was “fraudulent in law or worse. The appropriation had been stricken | out by the House and restored by the | Senate Appropriations Committee. | Shortly after, the Senate recessed | until tomorrow when a vote on the | Seatrain matter is expected. AMERICAN IRISH SEEK FUND FOR HISTORY DATA | $1,000,000 Desired to Facilitate Gathering of Information on Part in U. 8. Struggles. By the Associated Press. NEW YORK, January 28—Repre- | sentatives from 17 States voted unani- | mously today at a meeting of the American Irish Historical Soclety to | make a drive for $1,000,000 to “facilitate the task of gathering data dealing with | Irish contributions to American his- tory,” especially during the Revolution- ary War. When the society was established in | 1897, Theodore Roosevelt, one of the founders, coined the socicty’s slogan, | To make beter known the Irish chap- ter in American history.” James McGurrin of New York City | was elected president general at today's | meeting. He is also vice president of the Catholic Writers’ Guild of America. ‘Among the national directors chosen are United States Senator George Moses of New Hampshire, former United States Senator James A. Reed of Missouri, Dr. Prederick Robinson of | Harvard University and the Most Rev. Edward J. Wanna, Archbishop of San | Francisco. P | At a dinner following the meeting Michael MacWhite, Irish Free State Minister to the United States, and Wil- | liam T. Collins. New York Supreme Court justice, were speakers. _— LONG AROUSED BY FREE SHAVES FOR COLLEAGUES Wants It Known He Doesn’t Go to Capitol Shop, Even if Lincoln and Webster Did. By the Associated Press. The annual r of the secretary of the Senate, showing how much is spent so Senators may obtain free shaves and mineral water, stirred Huey Long to take official cognizance in the Senate A | Rising smilingly to a point of ":el'-‘ sonal privilege,” the Louisianan said he wanted it known that until now he didn’t know a free barber shop existed in the Capitol. | Since the press had widely circulated | the news that it cost the Government | $60 a year “to a shave” for a Sen- | ator, he said, “I want it to go out that I shop, al- though Abraham Lincoln, Daniel Web- ster, Calhoun and Cleveland shaved in it, tgdothmonuvtamepr-em IS SEEKING WORLD WAR |New Embassy Councillor on Way Here Says U. S. Fleet Concentra- tion Alarms Countrymen. By the Associated Press. HONOLULU, January 28.—Toshihi Taketomi, newly uncil of the Japanese e said today peo easy over conce States Fleet in tu high government o cerned. iko pan_were ion of the Ul Pacific, altk 2ls were uncon- un- d ing in Japan Taketomi s general in San Francisco 1927. He conti Francisco on today. p: from 1924 to sed his voyage to San the Asama Maru late n, | brought MANDATORY WAGE LEGISLATION URGED Conference Seeking %o Over- come Constitutional Objec- tion Appeals to States. | By the Associated Press. BOSTON, January 28.—A mandatory nimum wage law, designed by its poncors to overcome previously raised constitutionzl objections to this type of legislation, was unanimously recom- mended to the Legislatures of the 48 States at the closing session today of the Interstate Conference on Labor Leg- islation, The bill, prepared by the National Consumers’ League in co-operation with Prof. Felix Frankfurter, noted author- ity of the Harvard Law School, met the question of minimum wage legis- lation from a new angle by declaring, “The constant lowering of wages by unscrupulous employers constitutes & erious form of unfair competition against other employers.” For Annual Sessions. ‘The conference, which met yesterday at the invitation of Gov. Joseph B. Ely of Massachusetts, also voted unani- | mously to ask the Governors of the nine represented States to consider seriously making such conferences an- nual. ‘The delegates, who comprised leading labor and industrial cfficials of the sev- eral States, declared their belief that such meetings ought to be held just prior to the convening of the various Legislatures to allow for the forceful presentation of programs of labor leg- ation, The mirimum wage recommenda- tions, introduced from a subgroup headed by Joseph M. Tone. Connecticut commissioner of labor, declared that “thousands and thousands of women and minors in the State represented here are working for a pitifully low wage. This fact means suffering to them. Not only is this true, but these conditions mean ruin to all employers who would like to pay 2 living wage in competition with these starvation wages.” , Hours and Conditions. A group heaced by Miss Frances Per- industrial commissioner of New Tk State, who has been mentioned as a possible’ member of the Roosevelt cabinet, restated with minor revisions the conciusions with respect to hours and working conditions of women and minors reached at the first Labor Law Legislation Conference in Harrisburg, | Pa_ in 1931 | Miss Perkins' report. presented in her | absence by Miss Freda Miller, director |of the New York State divigon of Wemen in Industry. declared that the developments within the past year had “terrible proof of the inade- quacy of our present regulations. Withe out adoption of the standards we rec- ommend, employers. particularly under - present panic conditions, cannot con- crol the competitive pressure that makes them keep their employes at work for injuriously long hours.” - . Young People Plan Pageant. RYAN, Va.. J-nuary 28 (Special). The Young Peopl Department of the Ryan M. E. Church will present 2 pageant entitled “The Missionary Balrrell(l" tomorrow evening at 7:30 | o'clock. STAR RADIO Mg THE NEW SENSATIONAL ALL-PURPOSE HERE IS THE RADIO YOU HAVE ALWAYS WANTED OPERATES ON A.C. OR D.C.C URRENT HOMES- OFFICES BOATS-AUTOS-FARMS " COMPLETE.. WITH TUBES BUILT-IN AERIAL Every EMERSON UNIVERSAL is Guaranteed by the Manufacturer for ONE YEAR SLIGHT ADDITIONAL TO USE OTHER THAN WASHINGTON'S LAR = OPEN EVE PAYMENT AND $ Yeckly P2 for an, EMERSON UNIVERSAL / ’ IN HOMES OR OFFICE GEST RADIO STORE RY EVENING