Evening Star Newspaper, July 8, 1932, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR | With Sunday Morning Edition. | WASHINGTON, D. C. FRIDAY... .July 8, 1932 THEODORE W. NOYES Editor tar N Ci T e S e 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave. New York e: 110 East 42nd B8t o0 Office: Lake Michigan Building. uropean Ofice: 14 nt St.. London, Rate by Carrier Within the City. | ening Sta: -5 . 45c per month vening and Sunday Star ) 60c per menth .85¢ oer month Ak tonkec per copy Collection made af the end of cach month Orders may e sent in by mail or telepnone NAtional 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Deily und Sunda; 1 Daily only 1yr. Sunday only 1yrl 84 All Other Stzi>s and Canada. Daily and Sunday. 1yr. $12.00; 1 mo., $1.00 3 $8.00: 1 mo.. 75 Daily only ....... X Sunday only 1yr. $5.00: 1mo. 50c Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of ail news “is- atches credited to it or not otherwise cred- ted in this paper and also the local rei - published berein. All rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. = { Conservative Versus Progressive. The national campaign now in the making will b2 fought out between the Republicans and the Democrats with- out the interjection of any third and independent ticket of such importance as to swing the election one way or the other, unless the division in strength between the two major parties on elec- tion day should be of the hair-line variety. One by one the threats of in- dependent parties have fallen by the wayside. The suggested bolt of West- ern Progressives, with the establish- ment of another La Follette-Wheeler party as in 1924, has come to nought. Neither the wets nor the drys have undertaken to place in the field sepa- rate independent presidential tickets, except the old Prohibition party, which finally has nominated former Represent- ative Upshaw of Georgia for President. Unless all signs fail, however, the fol- lowing of Upshaw will be decidedly negligible. Alfred E. Smith, defeated candidate for the Democratic presi- dential nomination, has announced that he has no itention to bolt the Demo- cratic party, although he has been importuned by many supporters to head an independent ticket. The field is left, therefore, to the Republicans and the Democrats; to President Hoover and to Gov. Franklin D. Rocsevelt. The lines of cleavage between the two old parttes is such, indeed, as to leave an independent party without a major issue, except bone-dry prohibition, which 1s the issue pre-empted by the Prohi- bition party. Roosevelt and Garner have been labeled progressives, even radicals, and President Hoover and Vice President Curtis bear the conservative brand. Roosevelt and Garner are out for repeal of the eighteenth amendment, and are pledged by their party platform to work for immediate modification of the Volstead act so as to permit the manufacture and sale of light wines and beer. Hoover and Curtis are committed by the Republican platform to submit 2 proposal to the country for revision of the eighteenth amendment, so that States which desire to sell liquor may do so under certain restrictions, one of which would bar the old saloon. The ultra wets will follow the Roosevelt- Garner ticket, the drys will incline to Hoover and Curtis. ‘The division of the country between two political parties is far better for the Amermn system of government. Multiple political parties make for many blocs that stand for special interests of cne kind or another. They threaten orderly and efficient government and make for political chacs. Two major political parties should be large enough and broad enough to care for the inter- ests of the people as a whole. The lines drawn between the Repub- lican and Democratic national tickets will necessarily bring about new affilia- tions for old party members. There are progressive Republicans who will slide over to the D- :-cratic camp. ‘There are conservati-> Democrats who will never accept Roosevelt and Gar- ner. As the campaign progresses the division between progressive and conservative is likely to become more end more pronounced. The Democrats have always claimed that theirs is the party of liberalism and progress. Four years ago, however, the only issue be- tween the two old parties was made by Alfred E. Smith, who demanded repeal of the eighteenth amendment, %lthough the Democratic platform was in- tended to be ¢ry. On economic is- | ues, even the tariff, there was| little to choose between the Demo- | cratic and the Republican tickets. In 1924, when John W. Davis, able but conservative, was the Demo-l cratic nominee for President, and Calvin Coolidge was running against | him on the Republican ticket, the issue | of progressivism was carried by the La Follette-Wheeler ticket. Now the di- vision between the two old parties has returned to the days of 1896 and Wil- liam Jennings Bryan and William Me- | Kinley. The country will determine the choice of the next President ac- cording to whether the preponderant sentiment is progressive and radical or conservative. Hard times are a distinct asset today of the Democrats —r——— Invitations are out for the usual quadrennial event in political soclety known as a Third Party. - Britain’s Naval Proposals. In the House of Commons yesterday, | Mr. Stanley Baldwin, acting premier | during Mr. MacDonald’} absence at the Lausanne Conferenc “hmitted & statement of the British attitude toward President Hoover’s proposal to cut all armaments by one-third. Great Britain, in substance, accepts the Hoover plan, but draws the line at the President’s naval program. Because of Britain's far-flung imperial interests, Mr. Bald- win declares it is impracticable for her to reduce her fleet beyond a certain definite point. The American people have full sym- pathy with that position. It reflects their | own. The United States supports Presi- 1 of such size have. Baldwin's statement reiterates the fa- miliar British contention in favor of 22,000-ton battleships and 7.000-ton cruisers, along with other plans for cur- tailing the size of individual fleet units. The United States Navy adheres to its belief in 35000-ton battleships and 10,000-ton cruisers, mainly because of the larger cruising radius which vessels The British Navy, with naval bases throughout the seven seas, including the Western Hemisphere and American waters, does not need large-radius warships to the extent that the American fleet, with relatively few overseas bases, requires them. Our naval representatives at Geneva, when they heard of the Baldwin proposals, graphically pilloried them as merely a renewal of the ten-year-old controversy in which the British “have sought, by | reducing the size of our ships, to keep the American Navy in home waters.” President Hoover proposed a flat, hor- izontal slash of one-third in armaments of all kinds. On its face, that is a proposition which, if accepted, would leave each power in the world relative- ly, and as compared to its respective neighbors, as strong as it is today. It is evident, from Mr. Baldwin's naval suggestions, that so apparently simple a program cannct be carried through. If Britain insists upon the specific figures and plans just laid before the House of Commons, we are on the threshold of another and interminable naval tech- nical debate, which augurs ill for any early disarmament prospects. Perhaps that is the underlying purpose of the British declaration ——— e S:nd the Marchers Home! Congress has adopted a joint resolu- tion providing funds up to $100,000 for the transportation back to their homes and travel subsistence on the way of the veterans who are now “temporarily” quartered in the District of Columbia. These funds are to be loaned to the veterans and charged without interest against their adjusted-service certifi- cates, or bonus, remaining to be paid. The credits, which are to be extended by the Veterans' Bureau, will be avail- able until July 15, or one week from today. No provision is made for any transportation after that date. It now remains to be seen whether the veterans who are still in this city will avail themselves of this opportunity to return to their homes, virtually at their own expense. The joint resolu- tion makes no provision for the evacu- ation of the “army” in case the men do not accept the tender of transporta- tion funds. If they decline to do so and continue in the District, Congress presumhbly having adjourned before the expiration of the limit of time within which the travel and subsistence loan is available, the problem of the pres- ence of these uninvited visitors at the Capital will remain unsolved, perhaps to the serious embarrassment of the local authorities and it may be to the menace of the peace and health of the community. This is a National and not a local problem. These men are here as pe- titioners for legislation. It has been denied them and there is no chance for reversal of the decision of Congress to that effect. The passage yesterday of the joint resolution quite definitely put an end t6 any prospect of recon- sideration. If Congress adjourns with merely the pro-ision of travel and sub- sistence funds, with a time limit of availability, it leaves the District with a burden that it should not be required to bear. ‘There is no disposition in Washing- ton, if there were the means, to provide for the bonus army. At present the means of subsistence are coming from outside of the District,- through gifts of supplies and cash. There is no assur- ance that these gifts will continue when all chance for bonus legislation at this session has positively passed. On the contrary, it is altogether likely that they will cease. There will then arise a situation of extreme gravity, with sev- eral thousand men—and some women and children—encamped in insanitary quarters and without food. ‘The marchers have now, in effect, a week's notice to quit. If their leaders have the best interests of the men at heart they will advise them to accept the travel loan and turn back toward their homes, even though there is slight prospect of succor there. To urge them to stay here is to keep them in deeper and deeper distress and perhaps to bring them to face utter disaster. It is idle to suggest that consideration for the welfare of this community, for which they have no concern whatever, requires that they take this chance to get back to their starting points. They should do so for their own good. Per- sistent refusal will belie their repeated | declarations of loyalty to the Govern- ment and give encouragement to the radical element which has thus far been held in subordination, an element that is merely using the bonus plea as an excuse for presence in Washington for sinister purposes. It s not 50 difficult to limit debate these days, when the public usually knows beforehand pretty well what each speaker will have to say World Flyers Found in Russia. A so-called round-world flight has failed in the second stage, fortunately without the loss of the lives of the airmen who sought to establish a record of speed in a circuit about the northern quarter of the globe. ‘Griffen and Mattern, after a remarkably fast flight from New York to Berlin, took off from that city Wednesday night for Moscow. Somehow they went off their course after passing Warsaw and, in effect losing their way, they mistock the lights of the small town of Borisov, not far over the Russian boundary, for their objective and landed, their plane being wrecked in a peat bog and they receiv- ing elight injuries. The fiight, of course, is abandoned. It is indicated in the dispatches that the loss of route was due to the faulty operation of the controls of the plane. While these daring adventures in fly- ing for records do mot in themselves promote aviation materially and cost serfously in lives, they will probably not be discontinued. The rewards for suc- cess are sufficient to give impetus to dent Hoover's project for relieving the world of the burden of excessive arma- ments, but stops short of acquiescing in any scheme which would deprive the country of an indubitably adequate de- fense at sea. £ It is rather with the details of the British naval reduction views that pub- lic opinion here, and especially naval apinjgn, ¥ bound to take lssje. M. the enterprise of trying to make records. There is a definite lure, also, in the hazard of the undertaking. With every attempt at globe circling fiying—as this may be styled even though the course lies around the short northern route— something is gained in knowledge of terrain and of plane menagement. Con- stantly provisions are being perfected for the landing of planey in areas here- ofore devold of facilities for safe fiy- ing. The frontiers are being ‘pushed back steadily. Griffen and Mattern survive their failure and will probably try again. They made a good start and but for the mischance of losing their bearings and erring in their descent in the night they would probably have reached Moscow and would have gone be- yond, perhaps over the entire course. Their mishap, if due in any part to the deficiency of their control mechanism, points to further improvement in the plane structure. Thus is the evolution of the heavier-than-air machine to the point of full dependability advanced. vt — The New Postage Rate. Postal authorities report that an un- expectedly high sccre of memory Was made by the patrons of the mail service | on Wednesday in the observance of the new three-cent rate for first class mat- ter. A rough computation puts the number of two-cent stampers at less than ten per cent of the total. Of course, there was no good reason for any percentage of forgetfulness. The fact that the new rate had been decreed and would go into efiect on July 6 had been broadcast by every possible means of announcement many days in advance. Yet habit Is strong and so thousands | of people stuck two-cent stamps on their letters on the first day of the new rate. With each day since the start of the fifty per cent advance the num- ber has dwindled. Probably by the close of the first week two-cent stamps will appear only rarely. Meanwhile, there has been a great run on the postal stations for one-cent stamps to supplement the two-cent tokens already in stock. So heavy was the demand for this little used denomi- nation in New York day before yester- | day that the supply was exhausted and an order for ten million stamps was telephoned to Washington. An air shipment of three million went back immediately to relieve the pressure and the remaining seven million followed at once. An interesting result of the prospec- tive change of rate was observable during the first days of the month, before the law went into effect, in a remarkable increase in the volume of first class matter, especially from sources of heavy contributions to the| mails. This was an eleventh hour endeavor to take advantage of the old rate. The immense volume of letters pass- ing through the mails in this country makes the addition-of a penny to the postage yleld a large sum. It is estl- mated that the annual contribution of the mail users to the emergency reve- nues of the Government will amount to $160,030,000, which will signify thc passage of roundly sixteen billion items of first class material through the mails. So the humble little penny stamp that is now required in addition to the long familiar “two” is doing its bit handsomely for the relief of Uncle Sam's exchequer. e e It is rumored that Alfred E. Smith will go fishing, which appears to b2 as much fun as some of the Nation's Presi- dents appear to get out of an actual career in office. SR I TR N r) Wkrile his favorite song was “Side- walks of New York,” it will be easy enough for Choir Leader Al Smith to learn “Happy Days Are Here.” Statements are made that this will be a radio campaign, with the static repre- senting a constant threat of more storms in the offing. ————————— Craft purporting to be fishing boats in the Pacific are now suspected of being manned by fishermen who spe- cialize in elaborate mendacity. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The Indomitable Song. Oh, mocking bird, you seem to hear, Despite the discord and the storm, The songs that sound when friends are near, Holding them still in memory warm. Though clouds are dark in yonder sky, Your gladdest song you still preserve. | I sometimes listen with a sigh And wonder how you have the nerve! In ridicule you may repeat The cackle or the snarling caw: Then you resume your singing sweet, And happiness is still your law. Of fairest blossoms still you tell, Beneath the rainbow’s radiant curve, And to all sorrow bid farewell— 1 wonder how you have the nerve! “Time Is Money.” ‘Everybody knows that time pher. “I suppose it's true,” commented Sen- ator Sorghum, hard to prove to people who may have to take vacations instead of wages.” Jud Tunkins seys counterfeiting would be less profituble if it weren't for folks so greed: for money that they grab it without looking twice. Not the Old “Zwei.” The present mathematics brings no cheers From laymen or from scholars. When we say “zwel” we do not mean two beers— We mean two billion dollars. Fairy Gold. “You say you are not worth as much as you were?” 'm not making the statement posi- tively,” answeped Mr. Dustin Stax. “I'll put it more gently and say that some of my wealth turns out to be part of a falry tale beautifully written in red ink.” “Truth does not always please the multitude,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown. “To be safe, fame must make its fictions entertaining but harm- less.” Drink. Again we are called with much sorrow to think Of persons who face ruination through drink. And what makes the thought seem espe- cially rough— The drink is non-taxable bootlegger stuff, “I's thankful foh de long words some speakers use,” sald Uncle Eben. “Dey gives me an excuse foh not under- standin’ ‘em, an’ if I don’t understand I ain’t liable to make myself unpleasant by disagreeln’” L o money,” said the ready-made philoso- | “but it's going to be D. C., FRIDAY, THIS AND THAT Nothing so serves to strike forth mental sparks as the antagonism of politics, and we should all remember this in the countless discussions which will be heard from now on in the homes, offices, lunch rooms and other places. So long as political discussion is car- ried on by individuals who have a de- cent respect for the opinions of others, the great ends of healthy competition are served, no matter what political views the disputants hold Politics is but one phase of life among human beings. Life is the main thing. And in that life one of the most important persons is he who an- tagonizes. Perhaps the opponent has not re- ceived the praise which he deserves, in the ordinary life. It is easy enough for any one to realize the importance of the enemy |in_warfare. It is not quite so easy to accept the | differing opinions of others in the everyday warfare of words which goes on constantly in all walks of life | Yet active opposition to something or other is one of the best stabilizers in the world. Most people need plenty of it.” And. need it be said, t ceive plenty of it. Sometimes one is inclined, especially |1f of a peace-loving nature, to resent | the vast amount of difference of opin- ion which floods the world. | Couldn't people ever agree on some- thing, without disputing about it, with- out arguing about it, without becoming red in the face? Truth, it appears, in any line, is not so_easily arrived at as all that. Wherefore we have a greater respect for truth, If any person whomsoever could raeke a statement, and that statement should | be the truth, the whole truth and noth- ing but the truth, might begin to lose his respect for the precious majesty of its divine inspira jon, ject whatsoever, requires a of minds,” as the lawyers say. Out of much disagreement comes agreement; from conflict comes peace; | from unhappiness alone comes true happiness. | Truth may or may not contain all| of these elements, but of one thing the searcher can be sure and that is| that he will have to do a great deal| of work to find any of it. | Words are the great instruments of truth finding. They are the pick and | shovel woikers, the men in the ranks, | the philosophers in their garrets. Words are things which mere ani- | mals do not possess. Animals, in some of their habits, are superior to mankind, but truth, with them, has no existence. They know | nothing of it, because they do not| know the words which represent it. Perhaps it is just as well for them | that they do not, since they have not been gifted in the necessary ways to| take proper advantage of such a gift. | Mankind has these gifts, as well as| the supergift of words. With conscious | thinking, plus the gift of tongues (words), man is able to get some- | where. Active antagonism is the key. Oral controversy is the means. | ‘Wherefore it is incumbent on the | man who believes in the necessity of | the search for truth to search out an-| tlglanhms and to engage in verbal dis- pute This presupposes that such a man will have in him the seeds of honesty. | He must have more than honesty, | however, if he wants to get anywhere. | He must have tact. | “meeting ‘This latter is a quality more often associated with women, perhaps, than | with men, but it is not confined to| one sex alone, nor does it necessarily | find its best usage in the more polite | forms of living. Tact is something which every| human being can use every day in the | week, and at no time more effectively than when engaged in political dis-| During the intense months of po- President Hoover is doomed to have Congress on his hands, by every pres- ent indication, for some weeks to come. Wien he vetoes the Wagner-Garner relief bill, as he's expected t6 do, he will by the same token invite House | and Senate to swelter on their job till | further notice. Anxious as are mem- | bers of both parties to get back to their constituencies for re-election pur- | poses, they don't dare leave Washing- | ton before the enactment of some kind of rellef program. Nobody is happy over the prospect. Collapse of the | | present bill meahs the formulation of | an_entirely new project, with all the | tedious rigmarole of hearings, debate, conference and what-not. Politics will intrude itself into the picture probably | more violently than ever, as the pot calls the kettle black and chaos continues to reign. & Wk Leaving the merits or demerits of the case entirely on one side, Speaker Gar- ner scored an undoubted personal tri- umph in the House yesterday, when it voted, 202 to 157, for the relief bill, of which the Democratic vice presidential candidate is co-sponsor. The body over which “Cactus Jack” presides has a Democrzatic majority of only 10 or 12. He won out on the relief report by a majority of 45. To achieve such a vic- tory meant that the Speaker had to raid the Republican minority, and how successfully he did so the roll call tells. To what extent Garner enhanced his political . prestige outside of the House by his final speech on the relief bill's | | behalf is another story. Republican Representative Treadway's hint that the | Texan stooped to demagoguery is being echoed in a good many quarters on Capitol Hill. When the mud-slinging | stage of the 1932 presidential campaign | arrives—and it won't long now— Garner's threat of “riots,” unless relief is voted, is likely to rise up to confound him. & W Practically all of the Washington | diplomatic corps, like Congress, is being | held fast here by events which make it impracticable for them to quit their posts for vacation pleasures. It is the Geneva Disarmament and Lausanne Reparations Conferences which chain Ambassadors de Martino, Claudel, Lindsay, Prittwitz, Debuchi, May et al to their respective desks. Developments | at either or both of those long-drawn- out European parleys may at any moment take a turn that would make it | | of paramount importance to have direct ambassadorial contact with the White House and the State Department. It is a fairly open secret that keen dis- appointment was caused in the Wash- ington diplomatic circle by the failure of both Chicago platforms to hold out any encouragement on the debt ques- tion. “Wait till after election,” is now | the slogan. * K ok X | | No more smiling lame duck ever| %ulcked than_ Representative Ruth | n Owen, Democrat, who -recently | failed of renomination in her ungrate- ful Florida district. Mrs. Owen re- turned to House duties in Wuhmfi.on this week after a period of journalistic service at the Democratic convention in Chicago. She has announced her intention of giving up her seat when | the present session adjourns, although | she'd be entitled to it until March 4, | 1933. The lady from the Everglades. who wasn't wet enough to suit her con- stituents, expects to plunge into book writing and lecturing for a livelihood. A course of addresses on public speak- ing, at Rollins College, in Florida, will engage her first energies. e Political old-timers, observing that Al Smith says he's going to suj “the " are Democratic party,’ of what “T. R.” once said about his friend yey usually re- | the average man | No, truth in any form, on any sub- °Por: | of it can come only good. Perhaps it WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS. BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. | litical campaigning ahead the honest |man who strives to arrive at the truth | |'will find himself called on to use tact| in large quantities | | - In the first place, he will realize that there is a deeper truth than the mere | surface truth; that there is no harm at all in refusing to answer blow for blow: | that often much may be gained by permitting one's opponent to believe | that he has carried off the victory. | To attain this philosopherlike atti- tude he must be willing to agree that | argument for the sake of changing | another human being’s opinions is not | the only sort of argument. He must be capable of feeling that argument for the sake of ascertaihing the truth is | far more important, because it contains | all the advantages of good attack, not just one of them. | " This attitude may seem to smack of “pussyfooting” to some, but that is only because they belong to the hammer-and-tongs _school of action. Too often their ruthless methods de- feat the very purpose they aim at. | When a man becomes red in the face and begins to wave his arms, a listener may feel sure that the fellow has forgotten the first principles of | mental warfare. He wants to take it out of the brain and put it on the sidewalk. He wants to make it physi- cal warfare. | It one honestly wants to fight over | mere differences of opinion that is his business, but he who believes in the | authenticity of the search for truth will have to find some method of handling | such a customer. | This method, then, is ‘what is pro- posed here, call it “pussyfooting” if you want to. We call it common sense | or_tact. | Every disputant must be handled in a different manner. Each is a study |in himself. There is no good reason | for giving up political—or any other sort of—argument because there Is some bit of danger attached to the ri. The wise course is to make it a double-barreled adventure in talk Keep in mind not only the necessity for arguing as well as you can, but a!so for studying your man as well as you can. ‘Whether he is converted to ycur opinion or you happen to be converted to his makes no difference at all, per- haps. The main thing is that mind strike sparks from mind. And the second main thing is that you take the measure of the other mind and determine whether it is the sort worth putting to the test. If you discover in it influences which are not to be moved by proper argu- ment, no matter how well done, then the thing to do is to use tact. If you find out that the other is not aiming to see all sides, but merely wishes to see his own side, then you can let him see his precious side for all it is worth, if that is what he wants to do. ‘Take a measure of your antagonist, and determine whether the full value | of mind against mind is to be secured. If not, run the next time you see ! him coming. This running may be mental, of course, and this simply means that you will smile placidly at his remarks, no matter how much you may disagree with them or are able to refute them. The real gain of antagonistic po- litical ideas, however, comes when one meets a worthy adversary who has cxactly the same idea about the ne- cessity for honest difference of opin- ion that you have, and is willing to make & serious attempt to wrest the truth from the multitude of facts which bear upon it. This is the happiness of disputation carried on according to the rules. Out is too much to expect_any one to ad- mit he is wrong, but Test assured that if you really convince such a man, he will admit it in his own talk and ac- tions, perhaps months later, but surely some time. “Bill” Tuaft. “Taft means well, feebly,” the colonel remarked. The impression prevails that Al's “support” of Gov. Roosevelt may turn out to be a bit feeble, too. * Kok X Senator Ashurst, Democrat, of Ari- zona, called attention during the “im- mediate beer” debate in the Senate yesterday to the familiar practice of reading newspaper editorials into the Congressional Record. He claimed to be the only member of the Senate who ; makes a habit of submitting such publications for the Record, Wwhether they're favorable or unfavorable to him or the.causes he espouses. Ashurst charged his colleagues with a weakness for asking leave to print cnly sweet- smelling bouquets about themselves or their legislative hobbies. ok ok x It's to be a duel between Charlie Michelson, Democratic publicity direc- tor, and former Governor and Senator Henry J. Allen of Kansas, Republican publicity director, in this 1932 year| of grace. Allen functioned in the same capacity in 1928. Michelson did not clear for action until the Democrats | came up for air in 1929. Since then | he has done the finest job in the his- | tory of political ballyhoo. He will find | a worthy and resourceful foeman in| the former Kansas -editor and states- man. Allen was on scout duty at the Democratic convention and says he picked up some useful ideas. Both | national committees will use radio to| the extent that their somewhat limited exchequers permit. Paul Gascoigne, veteran telephone and broadcasting ex- | pert, will, as in 1928, have charge of radio publicity for the G. O. P. A Late changes in the Foreign Service affect men well known in Washington. Plerre de L. Boal, chief of the Western European Division of the State Depart- ment, is transferred to the first secre- taryship of the American legation at Ottawa, where he will be at the right hand of Minister Hanford MacNider. Boal's claims to fame include an an- cestral connection with Christopher Co- lumbus. Hiram Bingham, jr., son of the “immediate beer” senatorial pro-! tagonist fgom Connecticut, is moved from the third secretaryship of embassy at Tokio to the vice consulship at War- saw, Poland, S. Pinkney Tuck, first secretary at Budapest and now with the American delegation at the Geneva Arms Conference, is promoted to the first secretaryship of the Paris embassy. Tuck is a son-in-law of Representative James M. Beck of Pennsylvania. AR More Chicago convention postscripts: Will Rogers wisecracked that there were | two kinds of delegates at Chicago—dele- gates at large and those who brought their wives. . . . “It isn't the heat, it’s the stupidity,” observed a statesman on the speakers’ platform as the Dem- ocrats were milling and mulling through thelh‘ sweltering night session June 30- July 1, (Copyright. 1932.) - Insurance Suggested. From the Pasadena Post The time seems to be past when & court will grant a prisoner liberty on the plea of induyosltlmm So far as jail life is disagreeable, precautions against undergoing it should be taken in ad- vance. v Liabilities Perhaps. Prom the Providence Joutial. Spanis] ernmen! ot wn:c‘%fim'l stocks . If his ly were car- them on we fancy the | ready appears to be an oversupply of I major advantage would be the conver- | couraged and discontended people, now | Deplores Fireworks While [ to be the order of the day, instead of 7| group in these distressing times. | To the Editor of The Star: JULY 8, 1932. Back to the Land Cure For Economic Distress To the Editor of The Star: Many lines have been written con- cerning the present depression, its causes and possible remedies. I be- lieve & return to rural districts of a large number of the now unemployed would be a great step forward. This thought is not based upon the theory of having the commercial farming business greatly augmented. because there al- farm products, but as a means of pro- viding for many of the present unem- ployed an adequate, honest living. My thought has been to have this oppor- tunity extended principally to families who have had farm experience. On many abandoned farms there is al- ready shelter for man and beast. Neces. sary repairs and improvements could be made to provide employment for the prospective occupant as well as others A parcel of 10 or more acres when properly cultivated would provide ample food for a family. The very. low prices now being paid for cows, hogs, sheep, chickens, eggs, etc., would suggest that they might be better used for stocking small home areas. This stocking, with the necessary feed. might in many cases be done on a co-operative basis, the newcomer to repay in kind when his increase - would warrant, or in labor during busy periods. Farm machinery dealers have been generous in placing equipment on credit. Because of the efficiency of the pres- ent machine age, some of our eminent economists predict that we will never| again see the time when all of our workers will be regularly employed. If this proves tc be true, then we are to have a large percentage of our popu- lation who can expect merely a rea- sonable living, and the small farm area seems to offer that living with greater assurance than any other. I believe areas nearer to the cities and manufacturing places should be utilized first, so that if the time should come when it would seem desirable, be- cause of a boom period, for the male of the family to return to his manu- facturing activity, he might commute and retain his, home and garden for the time when the manufacturer would no longer need his services. A few years ago, when work was plentiful and wages high, such a plan of living would appeal to only a few, but after several years of hardship and suffering, and the fundamental ques- tion of getting a living becomes para- mount, I know of many who would gladly consider such an opportunity. Organization and some financing would be necessary in any such revamping of our economic structure. There are public-spirited citizens in every com- munity, who could be formed into com- mittees, who would gladly give of their time and crops to get such a plan start- ed for the purpose suggested. Such a movement would give an impetus to many lines of business. However, the, sion of a growing mass of weary, dis- in a mecod to listen to un-American ideas, into a group of constant pro- ducers scattered throughout the land. where they would soon become assimi- lated and mace a part of our stanch and dependable rural population. HORACE W. BARBER. ——— Bonus Men Are Suffering To the Editor of The Star: It seems hard to believe that any one can fail to see that the bonus, as they call it, is a false issue. There is not one of these men who, if he had opportunity to work for a living, would willingly live on charity and parade in rags and beg for more charity in the form of a bonus dole, as these men are doing. They are not doing it from choice or for fun. It can only be bitter fun to them. Yet Monday night, while these men, who at one time gave all they had, were bel fed brezd and beans, some thousan dollars were being spent for a public display of firewo to amuse the chil- dren and adult infants of Washington. It seems incredible that men of posi- tion and authority can be so blind to realities. The problem of unemployment is an economic one, which most of us cannot solve or even help to solve, but we can at least face realities and refuse to be led docilely by theorists who talk of the evils of doles and monetary inflation. ‘When men are denied opportunity to work and allowed to go hungry economic theory is not much use. One man in cuthority in Washington who has shown a capacity for facing realities, as well as human feeling and_executive ability, is Gen. Glassford. It is un- fortunate that all he has had out of it is abuse and criticism, when he should have unstirdea support. The facts of unemployment and hunger are now present in Washington, as well as elsewhere. Such hard facts require action and not theory. 4 MARION STUART CAKE. Bonus Camps Constitute A National Disgrace To the Editor of The Star: The attack of Representative Arthur M. Free of California in his Independ- ence day address on the so-called “bonus army” was most appropriate and is deserving of the highest praise by every law-abiding citizen of this community. It is high time for the people of Washington to protest against a local situation that is making us the laughing stock of the world. No other civilized country would tolerate such a condition, which no one seems to have the courage to remedy. Mob rule seems good municipal or Federal government. A number of these undesirable citizens are now camping on a vacant lot ad- joining the Botanic Gardens on our principal _thoroughfare, Pennsylvania avenue, a block from the United States! Capitol. This disgraceful scene is going | on without any interference by the loca) authorities. The entire Nation is en- titled to Federal relief, and not a single A. MASON. Proposal to So];e Problem of Leaves To the Editor of The Star: Why not deduct in 24 equal install- ments one month’s pay from each em- ploye receiving in excess of $1,000 lndl grant leave to those who can be spared | not to exceed 24 working days? This| would enable employes to take time Off for necessary busmess or recrea- tion, as in the past, and all employes who could not be spared would make the same contribution without the leave. A five-day Pro[nm would de- stroy the morale of the employes and result in no saving other than fuel, light and power and would give the employes under $1,000 leave, a favor not intended by the economy bill. HAMPDEN WILSON. Appreciates Ed;l;i;i On the Gallery Gods Please accept my thanks for your edi- of | ham ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Many reacers send in questions signed only with initials, asking that the an- swers appear in the newspaper. The space is limited, and would not accom- modate a fraction of such requests. | The answers published are ones that may interest many readers, rather than the one who asks the question only. All questions should be accompanied by the writer's ‘me and address and 3 cents in coin or stamps for reply. Send your question to The Evening Star In- formation Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin Director, Washington, D. C. Q. Who is in charge of arranging for the many athletic events for the Olympic games?—M. M. A. Wwilllam M. Henry is the sports technical director. Q. How many children are blinded yearly through fireworks, air rifles and such weazons?—N. C. A. Tre Soclety for the Prevention of Blindness says that about 70 children are blinded yearly through accidents, usually many occurring near the Fourth of July. There are-now in the schools for the blind about 500 children who have been accidentally blinded. Q. Was Peter B. Kyne once a ste- nographer?—R. L. A. At one time he was stenographer, bookkeeper and collector in a wholesale grocery business, receiving for the com- bined job $7 & week. Q. When did rowing begin to be a sport?>—W. F. A. The oldest race of which there are records, save the Chester Cup, fs the sculling race known to this day as Doggett'’s Coat and Badge. Thomas Doggett, the famous comedian of the early eighteenth century, caused the following placard to be posted on Lon- don Bridge on the eve of August 1, 1715: “This being the day of his majesty’s happy accession to the throne, there wili be given by Mr. Doggett an orange livery, with a badge represent- ing Liberty, to be rowed for by six water men that are out of their time within the past year. They are to row from London Bridge to Chelsea. It will be continued annually on the same day forever.” True to his word, Doggett left in his will a sum of money in trust, and with the exception of the years 1915-18, inclusive, the race has been rowed ever since under the administra- tion of the Pishmongers’ Company, and the list of winners is almost complete. In 1919 those who had not raced dur- ing the war were then matched against each other, so there is really no?re in continuity. Q. How tall are the porch columns at Mount Vernon? Are they square or round?—J. R. A. They are about 20 feet high and 16 inches square. Q. How many times since 1800 has business been above a theoretical nor- I:-l.“l‘ and how many. times below?— . E. A. A statistical study of booms and depressions since 1800 shows that there have been 25 periods in which business has been above a theoretical normal and 24 periods, including the present, when it has been below. In general, the perlods of prosperit; longer than the cepri perit Q. How far back can the history of Jerusalem be traced?—G. A. R. A. Through the discovery of cunei- form tablets at Tel-el-Amarna, in Egypt, the history of Jerusalem can now be traced to the fifteenth century, Q. Was the Crystal Palace in New York copled from the one near Lon- don?—T. A. G. A. It has often n stated that the prototype of the 'stal Palace in New York was the famous Crystal Palace, 8; , near London. The Syden- oo was opened in 1854, whereas e been opened on July 14 of the preced- ing year. The New York Crystal Pal- ace was destroyed by fire in 1858, Q. Is Beethoven's “Egmont” unique in musical history?—B. S. A. Liszt emphasizes the fact that this composition is one of the eanliest e composer’s deriving master poet's work. Q. When was the first Prohibition party organized, and what has been its voting strength?—T. P. R. A. The National Prohibition was organized at a convention held in Chicago in 1869 and put its first ticket in the fleld in the 1872 campaign. In ak | have been | lods. 1 Palace in New York had | in modern music of a master | from a | | that year it polled 5,607 votes. Gains were made rapidly, and the peak vote was attatned in 1892, when 270,710 ballots | were cast for the ticket. THe last sub- stantial vote, 182,711, was cast for the ticket in 1920. In 1024 only 57,520 votes were cast, and the party is practically non-existent, its issue having been taken over by the major parties. Q. How does the globefish make it- self round?—M. C. W. A. The globefish, or sea hedgehog, has the faculty of inflating its stomach with air or water The body is covered with tough skin, without scales, but pro- vided with spines. When the stomach is inflated the fish assumes a globular form and the spines protrude, forming a defensive armor. A fish thus blown out turns over and floats belly upward, driving before the winds and waves. Q. What was the brain capacity and intelligence of the Cro-Magnon man?— . C. A. Nothing is known about the in- telligence of these people. Brain size is not correlated with inteliigence. They had a skull capacity, roughly, of 1,660 cubic centimeters, together with a more highly developed culture than their predecessors. This is about 180 cubic | centimeters above the modern average. The larger brain in the Cro-Magnon man is explained by the larger body size. Q. What religion did the Pilgrims come to America to avoid?—M. L. A. The term “Pilgrim” is used in reference to the earliest immigrants to Massachusetts, but more especially to the settlers at Plymouth in 1620. The term must be distinguished from Puri- | tan, which was that given to a body of religious reformers who scught to re- form the Church of England. The Pil- grims were separatists from the first, who had already left England and formed an indepencent congregation in Leyden, whence they came to New Eng- land. Q. Do filling stations in Canada re- main open ail night or until late hours, as in the United States’—D. D. A. They close much earlier, and in Vancouver, British Columbia, there is a curfew ordinance requiring filling sta- tions to ciese st 8 o'clock, which in gunkxmer is more ®an an hour before ark. Q. What is the name for the feeling | that some persons frequently have that they are “turned around,” that direc- goné are not as they should be?—W. A. In psychology the term for the condition is “cisorientation.” Q. Is it true that the Arctic Ocean's water level is gradually rising?—E. P. P. | ~A. The theory that the level of the | Arctic Ocean is rising as a result of the melting of the ice at the Polar icecap has been advanced, but no conclusive | evidence has as yet been found. As a result of numerous Arctic expeditions |in the near future it is probable that the subject will be carefully studied. ‘PQE.' Does thunder turn milk sour?— A. The Department of Agriculture | says that it does not. Just before a thunderstorm the atmosphere is un- usually warm, or even uncomfortably | hot. This warm condition is ideal for | bacteria to work, and the sour milk is a result. The heat and bacteria do the ! trick, not the thunder. More attention | to cooling the milk is suggested to pre- | vent souring at these times. | oy | Q. How much sulphur can commer- | cial gasoline contain?—R. A. | _A." The Federal Government requires | that gasoline shall not contain more than 0.10 per«cent of sulphur. Sulphur can be removed from gasoline by proper refining so as to render the gasoline harmless to engines. o Qs When were hymns first written?— A. The writing of hymns can be | traced to man's first worship of a Su- | Do Being. Hymns were written in anclent Egypt to the sun god, Ra. Q. How much ground is included in the bird sanctuary established in Flor- |ida by Edward Bok?—I. T. A. The Mountain Lake Sanctuary |and Singing Tower was dedicated to | public yse by Mr. Bok and covers 48 \acres on Iron Mountain. Q Of what are scarabs usually made?—C. E. A. Tie older ones are usually made of baked elay covered with enamel. Siam’s Ruler Wins Applause As Royal Clan Meets Defeat Tranquil Siam, one of the last of the "so-called absolute monarchies on_the globe, is believed by Americans to have been influenced by the modern ideas of King Prajadhipok in conducting its mild revolution while still retaining its | royal leader. With a limited monarchy and & le's: party, the Asiatic coun- try is held to have eliminated the King's numerous relatives, who have been strong and expensive factors in the government. The recognized causes of unrest are the depression in foreign trade and the desires of the agricul- tural population for better conditions. “The leaders of the revolt,” in the opinion of the Altoona*Mirror, “mani- fested surprisingly common sense when they invited the King to remain upon his throne. He is an experienced ruler and something of a man of the world. He has liberal tendencies, but was bound by a lot of traditions and ceremonies that prec'uded the possi- bility of manifesting any real humani- tarian interests in his subjects. Naow that his country has cut loose from the past and is to inaugurate a new era, he ought to make a good ruler for Siam.” “It has been a long, long road from America and Europe to Mandalay—and Bangkok—but we are getting on,” says the Milwaukee Journal, with the sug- | gestion that “the citizens of Siam will | have the privilege of making their own mistakes.” The Journal offers the ex- planation of the change: “Prajadhipok, the smiling young man who when he came on a visit to America was as democratic as a native-born, was not | fitted to be an absolute monarch. That is not to say that he lacks talent as a ruler. He seems to be both fair and wise. But it was easy to see that he is too much a man of this age to fit in with the tradition of divinity on earth. He could pretend, of course, and for a while he did. But those around him must have seen through the pretense, and after a while the people did also. ‘The depression struck Siam as it did so many other countries. There was un- | rest and suffering. The people turned | to Prajadhipok as they had turned to | a long line of his ancestors. He aione | was charged with the responsibility of | alding them. He could do nothing of | himself to relieve them. He knew that, | end pretty soon they knew it. So they | decided that they would participate in | be | government. torial on “The Gallery Mobs"” in Sat- urday’s issue. Such exhibitions fill thoughtful Americans with shame and | apprehension. How can men thought- | fully and judicially decide the grave question of selecting presidency amid such confusion? It is | impossible. And such conditions should | be ended forever as a disgrace, as well | as a menace, to our country. Your suggestions are h:u’; timely and practicable and should be acted upon before another convention convenes. I a candidate for the | iy Obst trust that editorial wide publicity and Ml::e“: :lbfle'l‘t‘; will lead to a X A. H. THOMPSON. ———ae— Proof. From the Toledo Blade. Now that it has been proved that Washington stood up while ,Dfl-'mnmnfiwo o | rather as an ally against his numerous princely kinsmen.” Believing that “King Prajadhipok has demonstrated the enormous possibili- ties for royalty when one of its mem- bers acts with intelligence and toler- ance instead of acting like royalty,” the Atlanta Journal emphasizes the rYact that “he rises triumphant above a quiet revolution, proving, if nothing else, that there is an art of kingship which has been neglected for many a century.” The Humboldt Times of Eureka, Calif., remarks that the monarch “was a pretty nice sort of a fellow, who hired Ameri- can editors to run his newspaper, had Siamese chorus girls dance for tourists, and came to this country to get his e; fixed.” That paper adés: “My, what these Siamese are letting themselves in for! Pretty soon there will be pri- maries; then there will be scandals.” * K o x _Going back into history, the New | York Times recalls that “since the mid- dle of the nineteenth century the of Siam have been reformers of old abuses, adapters of Western civiliza- tion,” and states that “the honorable part of Americans as advisers about these changes is familiar.” The Sara- toga Springs Saratogian points to the unusual contrast that “European revo- lutions since the war have headed away from democracy, and have had a dicta- torship of one kind or another as their object, but the revolution in Siam has ended a dictatorship and given the Siamese a larger degree of freedom than they had before.” That paper finds the “demonstration rather em- couraging.” “Whoat has occurred,” in the judg- ment of the Hamilton (Ontario) Spec- tator, “is merely the anticipation of events which, under the enlightened regime of the sovereign, would have come to pass themselves, though by more gradual stages.” The Spectator points out that “an attempt wag some years ago on the initiative of the sovereign to establish a legislative coun- cil” and says of conditions in that country: “Great improvements have been effected in the judiciary system, public education, social development, etc., but there still remains, naturally, much to be done before the people can complete sald to have achieved | emancipation. In the matter of com- ‘munications the canals are augmented by an eflld.:t m system of aviation. The air post has reached an advanced position,