Evening Star Newspaper, April 13, 1932, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Mdl'nln(_ldil'l WASHINGTON, D. C. WEDNESDAY. ....April 13, 1932 THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company ania_Ave. “and st 181 Building. 14 Regent #., London, nglan ropean Rate by Carrier Within the City. Fhe Evening Stac 43¢ per month, 'he Evening and Sunday Siar (when 4 Sunaays) 60c per month The Evening and Sunday Siar | Ceiien 5 Bundaye) 7:%65c per montn ¢ Sunday Star 5 per copy Tollection made at the end of each mont ©Orders may be sent in by mail or telephone NAtional 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. v und 157.$10.00; 1 m §:§§ o e 1yr, $800: 1 m unday only . 151, $4.00; 1 mo.. All Other States and Canada. aily An? Sunday. |‘ 1 y . yr. §:l‘|‘(§llyon0fl;) - 1yr., $5.00. 1 mo., Member of the Associated Press. The Associnted 55 is exclusively ent 2o the ‘s {or republication of all new: ited to it or not r»lhe ‘m‘;q o5 * Yhis paper and also the local news d heretn. All rights of publication of trein are. 4150 senerve publiske ein. pecial dispatches hi — = Defeat the Pay Cut! The issue has been drawn and the fight over cutting Government salaries will be brought into the open this week through the special Tule, reported yes- terday by the House Rules Committee, making in order an amendment to the legislative appropriation bill cutting Government salaries eleven per cent, | with an “exemption” of $1,000. It has been impossible to suppres: by parliamentary maneuvers, this Gov ernment pay cut proposal and it is well that the matter can be brought up and decided on its merits. The first battle will come when the House votes cn the rule reported from the Rules Committee, and will proba- bly be followed in order, provided the House supports the rule, by efforts to defeat the amendment itself, efforts to amend the amendment and effcrts to substitute for the amendment such pro- posals as that suggested by the White House, which conveys authority to the heads of departments and blish- ments to furlough employes without pay. Yesterday's debate in the House in- dicated the stubborn opposition that any move to reduce salaries of the Gov- ernment personnel will encounter when it reaches the floor. And that opposi- tion is founded on firmer ground than any blind proposal to “save money” for balancing the budget by reducing not only the salaries of the relatively small | number of wage earners employed by the Federal Government, but by indi- rection the salaries of millions of work- ers throughout the Nation who will, like= ‘wise, suffer through this move. It Is to be hoped that a majority of the House will not only defeat the unjust and un- scientific proposal to reduce all salaries above $1.000 by 11 per cent, but by the decisiveness of that defeat relegate further discussion of Government pay- cutting in order that serious and worth- while attention may be given to more effective and less harmful methods of economizing. The pending appropriation bills, dis- pensing with the services of many em- ployes through elimination of work, will, of course, add to unemployment and further reduce purchasing power. Wise eliminations of work, of duplica- tion and of anything savoring of ex- travagance in any form is necessary. The Government, as well as everybody else, must tighten its belt and face the realities of an unprecedented situation. But cutting the salaries of those upon whom the Government depends for the daily transaction of its business, and applying the cut without regard to the inherent injustice of an ungraded re- duction, is another matter entirely. The eleven per cent slash plan should | be defeated because it represents, in itself, an injudicious, impractical and | llogical method of reducing salaries. Arnd the principle of salary reduction In any form should be defeated because it represents a futiie and harmful ex- pedient, the chief effect of which will be to force living standards to a new low level and to inflict additional hard- | ships upon those already overburdened y their own, and by those who depend | upon them ] A budget question is introduced into every home where rec: and expendi- | tures are expected to be balanced with | scrupulous care. Judge Wilkerson. © subcommittee, headed b Willlam E. Borah of Idaho yesterday gave a favorable Teport on the nomination of Judge Jsmes H.| Wilkerson to be a member of tie v S Circuit Court of Appeals. bcommittee is a and order and a blow | 1A who have terrorized for years. Judge Wilkerso rict judge in Chicagc e, gangland's king. to a penitentiary. He de a Government recom- two-and-a-half-year term r Capone, with the under- would A Sen: Senator that Capone plead He compelled Capone to stand ! lowest rate being th-t claimed by the 8 Iit triel and then gave him an eleven-year sentence of Judge Wilkerson would have played into the hands of the criminal class and would have been a grave discour- agement to the citizens who are fight- ing for law and order in Chicago The {all Senate Judiciary Committee has vet the Wilkerson ap- pointment. It is expected, however be guided Jdgment by the decl- sion of the s That sub- committee stood three to two for ap- 1 the Joined with favorable Vof M Indizna. Senator Wisconsin and Senator Dill ©f Washington voted ngainst Wilkerson It is to be presumed that in cast- ing their vo; against confirmation these two Senators were influenced by those who fought Judge Wilkerson's appointment vigorouzly on the ground that he had shown himsell inimi- cal 1o organized labor. Injunciions is- to pass on to beommittee al of non " In the Vo sued by Judge Wilkerson to hal labor disturbances during the railroad shop- men’s strike after the World War, while the railroads were still in the hands of the Federal Government, were called to | | h i 0 Rejection of the nomination | ‘Walsh and Senator Robinson, attention was called to the fact that opposition to Wilkerson was based iargely on his record for issuing anti-labor injunc- tions. Senator Borah declared that he be- | lieved at least one of tnese Injunctions ! was entirely unjustified. The Idaho Senator said, however, that such in- junctions will no longer be possible due 1o the recent passage of the Norris anti-injunction bill, and he added that he could not bring himself to vote against Judge Wilkerson, because to do so would be to discourage the good citizens of Chicago who are fighting crime and criminals in their city. He said: It is a fight of organized society to ree itself from organizes crime. Now the peopie who are making this fight have come to lock upon Judge Wilker- son as a judge who not only had the courage but the ability to deal with the situation. And ability to deal with a thoroughly trained and well organ- ized band of assassins is rainer rare. Confirmation of this nomination will | greatly strengthen the hands of thase; who are engaged in the crusade against | lawlessness in this country. e | European Smoke Screens. Americans who discern in recurring news from the other side of the At- lantic disconcerting evidence that Eu- rope seems a house incurably divided | against itself should realize that there | is an emergency reason for current dis- | | agreement and recrimination. The year 1932 is a campaign vear in Germany and France. Politics is politics and | politicians are politicians the world over, and the continent of Europe is no exception tb the rule. All of which means that statesmen in both Ger- many and France are going through verbal motions which are not always what they appear to be. There is a fair degree of assurance that the Bruening government and the Tardieu government are mutually bent upon removing some of the gunpowder from the Franco-German situation. In| the case of France, her- secumulating cconomic troubles are a powerfyl in- centive to 1econciliation with the east- ern neighbor. But to maintain himself in the premiership, with a reliable ma- jority in the Chamber of Deputies, is Andre Tardieu's immediate necessity and most pressing preoccupation—an entente with the Germans can wait. Just as twisting the British lion's tail used to be a vote-getting device in the | United States, so French nationalism finds electoral virtue in plucking at the | posterior feathers of the Teutonic eagle. M. Tardieu's curt observation at Geneva yesterday, while discussing | the American disarmament proposal, | that certain nations ought to bear in mind that the conference is a League of Nations affair, shows that taking a peck at the American eagle must be good French politics just now, too. The Germans must also play this game. The Hindenburg-Bruening ad- ministration, which has just smashed the Hitlerites in the presidential elec- tion, have another war with the “Nazis to fight and win on April 24, when a Prussian Diet is to be elected. This 1s not the moment for doing anything to strengthen Hitler's hands, as German | concessions to French viewpoints in re- spect of Danubian confederation, dis- armament or reparations automatically would do. So stiff-neckedness is the order of the day in Germany, as well as France. The French clections for the Cham- ber will come to an end on May 8. By that time the politicians in both Germany and France will know where they are “at.” Their hands will be far freer. They can resume consideration of the Danubian confederation on its merits and not on the basis of how it would affect the vote in Germany or France, if the plan to save Central Europe from bankruptcy were adopted now—as there is urgent reason to do. The spokesmen of both countries can comport themselves at Geneva and at Lausanne in June as statesmen and not as politicians. Their necessities, if not their intelli- gence, it is reassuring to feel. will sooner or later drive the political arbiters of | Europe into decisions that are indis- pensable to its self-preservation. Mean- time, let it be remembered that pre- vailing cantankerousness is not as des- perate as it looks, and that it has its | principal explanation in events soon to pass. e In addition to being harshly spoken to by the general public, Congress may have to go on working hard in a cam- paign. A sclf-considering statesman may be easily understood when he says | he would prefer to return to the dear old home and go fishing, A, Popular satire on the subject of reducing” is not expected to make ! Uncle Sam any more cheerful concern- ing the task now before him . ——— | | Widely Ranging Speed Estimates. Evidence of the s diffic g the speed ai whirh v t by | tre & passe: t iest into the deaths ers cn a bus which was struck | by another recently at the corner of | Rhode Island avenue and Seventeenth | street. Their esiimates rangsd from |eizht to forty-five miles an hour, the the dilter of the colliding vehicle, was held for grand jury action a commonplace in a'l such eas>s that the versions of speed vary widely, Pew people can make an accurate observa- tion of this factor in an aceident There is no definite stendard by which computation can be made In the case of & colition the perind of actual | | obcervation s bri-t who It is |onds Intervene between the first sign ! of danger and the crash. The atten- tion® of passngers on m bue | directed to the speed of |in which they wre riaing chances 1o be i Iy at Pedestrians { courre acros | observant of the rates at which vehicles are travelng, unless they them selves menaced oy them. And In any case very few people are competent to jucge rales of speed wish eny d-gree of mccuracy. Under twenty mil'a an hour a vehicle Is rated ax “slow * Be tween twenty and thirty mi'es it in regarded as average. Only when It) Roes at above thirty, or perhaps foity, 1 1t remarked as making what s now termed & “fast” pace. The range ia & ix not ehicl nniess it e their own are ot i or n int nt tetaections are the attention of the subcimmittee by Tepresentatives of organized labo In a statemeni issued by Senator Poral, with the approval of wide one, and much depends upon the temperament of the observer, Fortunately in the cass in point the issue did not turn upon the rates at ! trame. every angle, THE EVENING whith the two busses were being driveh. Thr guestion was a much simpler one, thay of whether the signal lights at the crossing permitted the advance of the colliding bus beyond the stopping line. On that point there was little difference in the testimony. The weight of the evidence clearly indi- cated that the bus which was hit and in which the victims were riding was crossing in the last phase of the per- missive signal. If that was the case it matters not at all whether the colliding vehicle was going at eight or ten or twenty or forty-five miles an hour. In that event It should not have been pro- ceeding at all. That was the finding of the jury. —— Street Hucksters. ‘There is nothing unreasonable about the petition of the Merchants and Manufacturers’ Association to the Com- missioners urging a return to the old huckster law, which permitted venders of merchandise, particularly flowers, pop corn, peanuts and vegetables, to stop only long enough to make a sale, instead of the present regulation, which allows them a thirty-minute parking grace. Pointing out that the rule now in effect is unenforceable, the merchants’ organ- ization expressed itself as belleving that the practice is unfalr to those who maintain establishments at high rentals and that it constitutes a grave traffic hazard. The most serious aspect of the situa- tion, possibly not to the merchants but to the residents of Washington &s & whole, is the congestion that these slow- moving or stationary vehicles create by their presence on the street. The public highway cannot be considered suitable for the merchandising of goods, what- | ever they might be. Stores off the street and clear of the sidewalk are the proper places in which to conduct business. A huckster parked in the vicinity of a busy intersection where the “no park- ing” rule is rigidly enforced as to auto- mobiles is a nuisance and a menace to Vehicles must pull out and around his cart and drivers must keep alert to avoid pedestrians and other automobiles. The same thing applies the gasoline street-selling trucks. The Commissioners have wisely banned this practice after studying the matter from In the old days, when traffic moved at twelve miles an hour and when there were comparatively few automobiles, street business from hucksters of all kinds might be tolerat- ed, but in these days, with every street clogged almost to the bursting point with motor cars, there is no rosm left for those who slow down the wheels of commerce by creating a traffic con- gestion. to i ‘Those low enough in the underworld to steal a child would find normal associations among those who would steal it from the captors in order to collect the ransom. The situation is one of such peril as to permit little be- yond prayers for an infant in the hands of ignorant and unscrupulous adven- turers. e Hindenburg's years ‘Whenever are admiringly mentioned Hitler ventures | some kind of a suggestion that he has been in public life long enough. r——— Base ball again arrives at a time when the American public needs some- thing about which it can get excited without becoming actually angry. - Kentucky miners are interested in education to the extent of doing what- ever they can to persuade students not to neglect the lectures at school. s Senators are convinced that there is much to be learned about the stock | market that is not told in the advice printed by brokerage firms. et SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Slumber Song. When you have troubles that involve some calculation deep And make you fear that soon you may be walking in your sieep, Go tell 'em to your Congressman. En- i lighten him until He shows his sympathy ana says hell | introduce a bill. And when the bill is makes a little bow, introduced it Then gets acquainted with the crowd of | others, which till now Have vainly waited, while the months went drifting on their way, To get an opportunity to have their lit- tis say What you have told your Congressman you fear has been forgot, You call again and feel that you would 1 to say a lot But he takes it from the pigeonhole and puts It on dlsplay It Joint the chorus with the other bills that sing “Some Day Payment Do you agree that 1 who pays and pays with & notenoek answered ultimate 18 the won asked the Ia in," Bonabor 1t’s the Borghum sumer Jnd Tunkins #AvS the farmer mizht be ie betier oft if some of the high wTAde palnt on the roadside adoerticing could be put an the harns The Gilarified Gangster When for a tide he's singled out ) hOTTOw Aoee he know He thinks ahout the Aowers, no doubt Hix tuneral wiil show Kome Difference. “I wm very much Interested in Marx,” #aid the man who attaches importance to his opinions. Which Marx?" inquired Miss Cay- cnne. “Karl or Harpo?™” Mooome Is ro often and so easily Cocelien Hi Ho, the sage of « ax one who maxes it a rule 1o e lieve nothing wnid natown Paramount Consideration. Thers 1 no resson why we should Bo frequently made sad By various intentions good Expressed in grammar bad For in this day of mighty biz, Of grammar there's no fear For any one who proves that his Arithmetle is clear. “Dis new luvmnn' station,” sald Uncle Eben, “is mighty neat an’' hand- ame. but it am mo place feh playin’ theckers like & good nu-l*l“ Yvery stable.” STAR., WASHINGTON, D. €, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 13, 1932 THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. ‘The long-continued rain of the sort | which prevailed last week end can be enjoyed only by the gardener. He alone, as little brother of the farmer, can be pleased with a steady | rain and drizzle which sets in Friday | night and continues uninterruptedly through Saturday and Sunday and is stili going Monday morning. Other people shrug their shoulders or | meke adverse comments. Children fret and their elders wish the sun would come out. Those who are interested in the grewing things of earth. however, watch the steady downpour with glad eyes, re- Joicing to know that shrubs recentiy set out are getting such a fine start in their new life. | They are glad with the trees and with | the grass, with the iris sending up its swordlike leaves and with the peonies just beginning to sprout their red tips. * ® ok ¥ This pleasure of watching the rain and of being pleased because it con- tinues so steadily is reserved almost solely for gardeners. | Folks working at reservoirs and the like may be glad for rain, too, but surely they lack the almost personal interest of gardeness in it. | The latter come to feel that it is for them and their kind, thal somehow every drop of it Is semi-conscious of the good it is doing at this time of year and that it keeps up the good work be- cause it Is pleased with the results. The grass blades sparkle and the fresh-blooming lilac leaves, veritable flowers in thelr first light' green, so shortly to become darker, stand aloft as If to drink up the molsture which makes the branches of their bush stand dark and shining in the yard. | * x *x % | All these poor people who are not in- terested in gardens, large or small, good or indifferent, what do they do on rainy days when they see the drcps running alcng the telephone wires in solemn procession and down the window panes and in the gutters? ‘They must feel as if something has gone wrong with their very dry world, filled, as it usually is, with dry concrete sidewalks, dry concrete and asphalt stregts, air almost as dry as that of the Sabara Desert, at least indoors, and dry shoe leather at all times But the gardeners, when it rains, be- gin to understand som-thing of the joy which fish feel in their native element which acquatic plants must experience as they stand with their roots h water, which bullrushes and cat- and hibiscus know in the marshy * & x ‘The gardener has solved, at least in relation to the rainy day, one of the main problems of living If this seems a large claim for him, let us consider the matter for & mo- ment. The true genius of man has consisted largely in this, that he has been able to take things as he finds them and wrest them to his own good. First, he tackled physical problems. He managed to survive under the trop- ical sun and in the Arctic regions. He changed his clothing to fit the climat>. He became inured to winds, or to rain, or to snow, or to balmy climes. Not that he did not oftn fail. For every success, by the mass, there have been millions of individual failures. But the mass went on, helped by the genius of the race. It has bzen called the survival of the fittest, but it mak>s no difference what it is called. It func- tioned, long before it was called any- thing at all. If men ever boccme bored with psychology and the study of the mind, and stop giving names to what happens. this g=nius of the race. to make the best of wha' is, will exi‘t as of old and operate in precisely the | ancient way. * % % % When man, as a species, had solved to some extent the problem of ex WASHINGT( Richard Whitney, president of the New York Stock Exchange, must have felt at the Capitol this week a good ceal like William Jennings Bryan said ne felt when he invaded the East. The Ne- braskan used to call New York Stat: and points immediately north and souti “ths enemy’s country.” Certainly w the bland and blithe head of the Ame: ican risk and rue corperation faced the guns of the Benate Banzing and Cur- rency Commiitce Le was fairly sur- rounded by the men who 150k upon the Stock Exchange as the devil incarnate. Brookhart of Iowa, Couzens of Michi- gan, Blaine of Wisconsin and Glass of s nercest Undoubtedly the commitiee cxpectd to make a Roman holiday out of Whiiney's appecrance and testimony, but he proved himsell more than a match for tie meancst and keenest of his inquisitioners. So far no | sensational revelations nave been pried loose from him. Theres cndless curi- csity as to whether the heariugs on short selling and bear raias—of which the wily Whitney 15 as mnocenily ig- norant as a babe in the woods—will bring out an emincn: name which Wa hington gossip associates with re- cent events on ‘change. It would tur i the scarchlight on one of th> csuntiy | mmost famous and fablilously rich fami- ies. EEEE Behind the scenes on Capitol Hill some qulet negotiations have baen In progress looking to adjournment of | Congtess in time for th- natonal con- ventions in June, s cad of a recess and & Summer secsion to follow after presidentlal candidates wre in the field Hepublican leaders in the Senate have | bren active to this end. They cluim [to bave assurances ower-wield- Ing Democrats tha will be co- | operation enotgh tax and | ppropristion “matters 1o permit a i ¥nd-up of the wemlon during the earllest dnys of June, at the latest This & the prosent outlook. Many things can happen to change it. But the will to clear the decks and leave both parties fiee for the campaign of 1932 is manifcst i each camp. ' A Here's an unreported yamn ‘rom the big United States fleet, which has been maneuvering off the Weet Const dur- ng the past couple of months. Or night a cruleer division was engaged in hjno practice under cover of inky | darkness Suddenly from an unex- pected directlon A mysterious craft fiashed its lights. The cruiser nearest the stranger signaled a peremptory ! “Who are you?" For a time there was no answer The crulser. having turned on s own lights and discovered the | other ship. then demanded in more vigorous terms to know its identity. Thereupon, to the consternation of the Americans, the boat turncd out to be a | Japanese tanker bound for Galveston and Mexico for a cargo of oll. When the tanker was notified that it hed | bursted right into the middle of Yan naval maneuvers in semi-home waters, | the Nipponese captain was profuse in his apclogies. which were acrepted after | some pictur:sque English had been wig- wagged to hlm; % % Representative La Guardia, Repub- lican, of New York, may be heard fro explosively on the question of the Gi n Disarmament Conferenc: befors | the naval and military appropriations are voted holds that the United Sietes is never going to make much of & hol: i Federal expenditure unless a real crack is taken at the $700.000,000- odd spent on the Army and Navy.: Ac- cording to the motual yardstick of Gov- einment costs just prepared by Capt Eble, commissioner ‘of ~customs, thi item accounts for 5% inches of the 3t Sam to cut his defensive establishment below what it ought to| be, compared to that of other groat| powers. But the David who slew tho | sales tax Gollath doesn't think the rest ing machines, OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. TRACEWELL. wherever he found himself he began to turn his mind inward on himself. This was the real discovery of the New World. The Greeks. the Egyptians. the As- syrians and the Hebrews all antedated Columbus. No doubt we should include the Chinese in this list of mental ex- plorers. Soon it was discovered that making the best of life by means of the mind was an exercise more interesting and more difficult than making the best of the world and its physical problems. It is one thing to develop a tanned skin which will enable one to with- stand the burning sun of the tropics, but it is quite another to work up such a state of mental resistance that mis- fortune will not wilt one too entirely, or to become so accustomed to looking at life honestly that one is able to de- tach the things really worth while from those merely bogus—all the hundred and one fraudulent appeals which clam- or the more loudly the falser they are. * ok ko The gardener, amateur or profes- sional, theoretical or actual, in a large way or in a small way. has solved one of the main problems of living, because he accepts the life of the garden as it comes. If it rains, well, it rains. If the sun comes out, then the sun comes out If the rain washes away the grass seed which he has just planted, he waits for it to stop and sows more. If the sun in a hot Autumn kills his grass, he recognizes that it was not the sun’s fault, but solely his own, in that he did not provide extra water for his| grass to make up for a natural de- ficlency. When insects begin to eat his flowe he does not curse insects, but atiempts to find out what sort of plant enemies these are and what one may do to rid the flowers of them. * * x x Thus, in & small way, he applies in-| telligence to life. And if any one thinks this is a common thing he I very optimistic indeed. The gardener has learned how to be cne with nature of which he is a part. Instead of railing at the burning sun when it tends to wilt his plants, or cursing the rains when it becomes to0 much for them, he accepts sun and rain and wind as part of the divine dispensation, and is able to view them all as parts in the most incomparable drama. This is the immort; the cave man kne ich Moses saw from the mountain and which the modern girdener m: y see from his din- ing-room window, or out on the garden path. To him the battle of the against the spray, and the spray against the insects, Is filled with as much in- terest as the latest detective story. He loves a good work of fiction, but no less he is thrill~d by the battle going on all the time in everything he sees around him. conflict which insects ! * ok o This is life, this girden, this small postage Al.nm?‘ of ground. A lilac bush grows here. Woell, a lilac could grow no more if it | stood alone on & thousand-acre prairie. This plot of ground is enough for this snail. coiled 1 its protective shell; and shall it not be enough for the gardener? He is the so-called owner of the ground and the lilac and the snail; to him come sunrise and sunset, and sunny cays and rainy days. These century-old ferces come to him, in his lMttle garden, quite s well as to the wheat raiser on his 50,000-acre | P they to him more one’ sense, because he has time to realize that they are the same forces whigh Caesar knew. They wer befcre machines, and they will be after come of the world in going to stack arms on eny considerabie scale until America leads it to the trough and makes it drink. * ox ox x While on the subject of disarmasq ment, Kurt Scil, hington cor- | respondent of the German official news | agency, Wolfl Telegraph Bureau, per- ! petrates an u the American language. scheme for abdlish tillery,” says Geneva, some cour up a roar against short shellin; t . x % | Not long ago one of the best sellers' in America was a novel entilled “Years of Grace.” A Washington book store, which was evidently caught with an unsold stock. recently filled a window with a couple of hundred copies of the volume. wo men were overheard chinning while looking at the display. | “What's ‘Years of Grace' about, I won- dcr?” quoth one of them. “Oh. I suppose,” ejaculated the other i 3 Just some more Coolidge propaganda % ¥ “If Gibson's long-range ar- is adopted Nowadays, instcad of keeping their | ears to the ground, statesmen and poli- keep them close to the radio. casting has no greater devotee n President Hoover. On a cortain ht not long ago Joueit 3 tive director of the Demo- National Commitiee, lambasted the administration hip and thigh on the cconomy lzsue. Mr. Hoover happened to | Le lisiening in. He dian't like it. As| the tule goes, he got the Republican | National Commitiee on tne telephone | pronto, and gave orders that Shouse's | fire was to be returned. with interest the carliest possibe moment. sult was that the research O. P. headquart nday doping out re: 1t went on the air about 36 through Representative Will W publizan. of Indiaua. There ugg=stion in Mr. Wood's rejoinder tha, Mr. Shouse had dallied with the truth. | * o ox o It depression is giving the average business man headaches, they're trifies light as air compared to the insomnia which hard times are causing the man- | agements of the two big political par- | tes. It surprise both Republicans and Democrats if each of them fries| as much fat as $1.000.000 out of cam- paign contributors this year. T)m(\} about a third or a quarter as much as| they've spent apiece in past presidential contests. In 1928 each party invested | $1.000,000 in radio alone, or thereabouts, | A professional political gold-d'gger savs that if butter and egg men who used to be good for a $10.000 check s)m‘l with $500 this year, everybody will be happy. (Copyright. 1932) . —.— Encouraging Respect P ey Of Flag Is Pra To the Bditor of The Star Please accept my congratulations on your timely editorial, “Respect for the ised many “isms” in this country are makings us so distralt that we are ac- quiring a patriotic parelysis. 1 someilmes wonder what foreign | visitors think of our apparent national indifierence. when we fail to even make a recpectful gosture. Furthermore, the aliens we nation- clize certeinly need our example or they wi'l believe us lacking in loyalty and fecl they have a right to disregard | their allegiance. A woman may feel she can ask for an American baptism when she has | “only & cosmiz idea of nationalism,” if weagnotwon offer proper respect to our fla Col'zge youths stand and remove their he’s to the song of their alma mater. Ve should that senti- ment on through ‘:‘n‘m the | turther Proposed Retirements For Economy Protested To the Editor of The Star: * A an who opposes Govern- ment pay cuts says he may introduce a “retrenchment bill” instead. One item is—retire immediately all employes who have reached retirement age. This would mean an average slash of more than 50 per cent of those retired, in- stead of 5 10 20 per cent, as pro- posed for employes in general. Many of those who Would be retired hold positions which require better equipment than most employes possess, In one department an employe, age 70. whose work required special Knowl- edge, was stronger than the average young mal He was retired at M3, when his health began to fail Another case. less exceptional: The Treasury Department examined this man for promotion. Marks were on a basis of 100. Half was on office work and half on other subjects. The office examination was on the national bank- ing laws, & book of about 200 pages. He passed 100 on that and 9824 for the whole examination. Transferred to another department, this employe's work was rated in the application for retirement as “excellent.” the highest on the official form. The required re- gon. of sick leave for the preceding ve years was “none.” The examining sdrgeon said, “I think you are very healthy.” Many of these employes could not be easily replaced. Hardshlp to thou- sands would be involved. In view of this, it seems doubtful whether Repre- sentatives opposed to cuts would desire this much more drastic reduction, at & saving of only a fraction of 1 per cent of the sum to be raised. One way of calculating from figures given in the press in this connection indicates that average pay of the 3440 employes who would be affected 15 a little over $2,600; therefore my state- ment that the cut to $1.200 (retire- ment pay) would exceed 50 per cent is well within bounds. At a time when rumors of financial trouble of some of our leading business houses are current, any decrease of pur- chasing power of any considerable ele- ment is disadvantageous to the whole city. Real savings could be made in other ways. War debts payments could be reduced $500,000,000 & year. We did not initiate war with Germany, but de- clarcd, after that power committed flagrant acts of war against us for two years, that war existed by the acts of Germany—a correct statement of in- ternaticnal law. We bore the hardships of the war, and the rising generation should pay its share of the costs. PAUL W. EATON. - Gift Tax Is Proposed To Levy on Estates To the Editor of The Sta: The writer has bsen much interested {in the- many attempts of Congress to balance the budget and also in the varled expressions, pro and con, by stu- dents of the subject. While struggling to reach this goal, it appears that some very important points of interest and sources of reve- nue have been overlooked. I have reference chiefly to property, both real and personal, becoming much enhanced in value and passing on to oihers, either through gift or by be- quest, without equitable taxation. For illustration, let us suppose that A, B and C each invest $100.000 in like securities which increase in value to $300,000. A makes a gift of his to his son. B sells his, while C retains his. Death calls all three of them. A has paid no tax, neither income, | giit nor estate tax, though the son must the income tax when he disposes e securitics. B has paid the in- ne tax and the executor of his estate rays the esta.c tax on $300.000. C has poid no tax and the execuior of his ¢ tate must pay the estate tax on $300,- 0co Three almost parallel- cases are be- . had properiy in- 5100,500 to n each case case pay cecond peyin; the income and ihe esiale ta., * hiie the third pays only the estate appears A should be required to some sort of gifi tax in lieu of the aie taw and thet the executor of C's >te should use the same basis in ar- iiring at toe taxable profit as C wouli have had to use had he sold the securi- ties, 2s in the case of B. Then eacn would have been assessed similar taxes on similar enhancement—that is, each case would be required to pay the in- ccme tax on the proceedg in excess of p-lo-the-minute pun in| 100,000, B and C would pay the estate | | te and A would pay a gift tax in lieu theren: I hope these few lines may reach some o1 the siruggling forces in order that esent unequal taxation micht be corrected in the forthcoming revenue act of 1932, 3 ROUTSON. ncellation of Bonus Asked by Veteran in a recent ticle, taat if the J hurried to Washinglon re- cently t> cppose the sales tax had boen vocal when the appropriation measures responsible were pass ng over his veto severa! years ago., there would have becn no battle of the budget. He plainly re to tae veterans' bonus lezis aticn, and his statement is borne out by the figures he quoted and by the i presented by David Lawrence in_your columns. I hive a proposal to make which, if adequately publicized and adopted, would save thess United States $1.0 0,- 000.000. One billion of dollars is a lot ot money, but hear me! Belonging to the unorgenized half of the World War veterans, I claim the same rights to v for my legion of American s as have been exercised by the moye vocal American Legion vet rans. Say to Speaker Garner, Chairman Crisn ond to all the other memb:; ¢of Congress for me—for us—this: T half of us never wanted the bonu; that we are not vultures, to fesd on the country's life; that we joined and served as patriots and disclaim all connection with the American Legion or anv o‘her leg-pillinz ve e D and that we want Congress to cancel benus payments and save the iret half of that two bil'ions Veleran orpanizations began to ap- pear in the American flet in May or June, 1917, before any American for-os cn any front had en-ountered the enemy or even sighted the enemy. Most of us never did sight the enemv. though we had the best Intentions in the world. Tut the gouging idea was present with manv of the men almost from the start. They organized, incor- porated and proceeded to prey on the Natlon's svmpathies in a way which has been shameful to contemplate. We were men enpugh (o go when wanted. We had nerve enough to see it through. And most of us have sense and pride enough to say, “We're quits. we're square. call it a day, fini 18 guerre.” Cancel the unpaid halfl of the bonus now, and we give you back $1.000.000,000. Wil you carry mv messags to Con- 5 for me or must I parede with it il Pennsvivania avenue with a nali-e escort to the n-ws reel forum on the east front of the Canitcl? RICHARD L. FELDMAN. stat>s ot ———— cese Proves Lusury. 1“2 Davton Datlv ¥ eler from Russia savs the peo- there, inst=ad of looking uvon ce as a food. regard it as a luxury. like any other perfume. t Ju — country that makes it possible for the co'loge to exist. So I thank you for calling attention to the lack of respect and wish you success in stressing the need for loyal publle eXPreS URTLAND NIXON, Golonel, U. 8. Army, Retired. e e————— ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Any reader of this newspaj is wel- come to make use at any e of the free information service of this depart- ment. A“”X:! your in :oh'rege Evening Star Information Bureau, - irector, Washington. . C., and you will receive a personal letter in reply. Inclose 2 cents for Be sure to state your question clearly, and to write your name and address plainly. Q. What athletic event has brought the largest gate receipts>—W. J. F. | A Prank G. Menke, an authority on sports, says that the biggest gate re- ceipts’ in the world's history for an athletic event were at the Dempsey- Tunney fight in Chicago, in 1927, with receipts of $2,658,660. Q- Who sells property in Canada for delinquent taxes?—E. S. A. Such sales are made under the provincial secretaries of internal rev- enue. Q. How can mice be kept out of an organ?—R. W. A. The Wurlitzer Co. says that clos- ing up the organ openings with wire mesh will check the mice from enter- ing the organ without injury to the tone. Care must be taken to see that when this is done. Q. Who sctually wrote the preamble to the Constitution of the United States?—A. L. A. In none of the relatively meager records of the Constitutional Conven- tion is the authorship of any part of the Constitution definitely established The delegates debated proposed plans until on July 26, substantial agreement having been reached, a Committee on Detail was appointed to prepare a for- mal draft of the document. This com- mittee, the personel of which is un- known, nsoned on August 6 a draft that included a preamble and 23 arti- cles, embodying 43 sections. Debate continued until September 8, when a new committee to revise the formal draft was named. This committee in- cluded Dr. William Samuel Johnson, Alexander Hamilton, Gouverneur Mor- ris, James Madison and Rufus King. Its work is believed to have been large- ly that of Gouverneur Morris. That is as nearly as the authorship of any part | of the final text of the Constitution can | be identified. It may be sald, however, that the great document was in reality not written, but was builded slowly and laboricusly as a great edifice might be netructed, with not a piece of mate- sl included until it had been shaped and approved, all the master artisans having a hand in the task. Q. What is the average standing space &n individual requires?>—M. M. A. From 1 (o 11, square fect per person, if they stand rather close to- gether. Q. Does ice evaporate ing temperature?—J. B | AW in the solid form vapor- {izex. as is demonstrated by the fact that Vice left for a few days at a temperature below zero will lose considerable weight by vaporization. i | below a melt- W, Q. Are “mamma dolls” of recent ori- M. D. Book.” by Laura Starr. at dolls that could say “papa’ i “mamma” were invented in 1824 | Those that opened and shut their eyes were invented a few years later. | Q. When was the first Ladies’ Aid Society formed?—O. V. N. A. What is said to be the earliest is spcken of in the ninth chapter of Acts, frem the thirty-fifth to the fortieth verses, describing Tabitha or Dorcas, who with other saints and widows de- | voted their time to serving the dis- tressed of the early Christians, min- istering to the sick and afflicted and there are no mice inside the organ | making little coats and garments for | the clothing and health of the poor children, as well as ministering to the disciples and apostles. GQB How is Melba toast made?—M. A. Cut stale bread in thin alices. Ar- range in dripping pan and bake in a slow oven (325 degrees F.) until thor- sughly dried out and delicately brown. Q. When did Sir Walter Scott pub- lish his first book?—W. D. A. In 1799, when he was 28 years old. Q. How large is the figure of Lincoln in the memorial in Washington?—M. B. A. It measures 19 feet from the ped- estal to the top of the head and 30 feet from the floor level. The head it- self measures 3 feet from chin to top and the great armchair in which Lin- coln is seated is 12'; feet high. The whole statue weighs without the ped- estal 150 tons, and is probably the largest statue ever carved. Q. What is & eugenic baby?—J. W. B. A. It is the offspring of persons who underwent examination to determine their physical fitness. In many cases also nereditary traits and diseases of each family are traced and recorded. Q. When was North Carolina sepa- rated from South Carolina?—R. F. A. Carolina was granted to the Lords Proprietors in 1633. In 1710 it was decided to separate the province into North and South Carolina and to ap- point a governor of North Carolina in- dependent of the governor of South Carclina, but the plan was not carried out until 1712. The commision of Edward Hyde as governor of North Carolina independent of the governor of Sauzlh Carolina was issued January 24, 1712 ! Q. In what furniture shop is Mrs. Franklin D. Roosevelt interested?—F. R. A. It is the Val-Kill Shop, located at Hyde Park, Dutchess County, N. Y. Q. Will an acetylene torch burn under water’—S. L. A. The Bureau of Standards says that an acetylene torch can be made to burn under water. It is, of course, ignited in the air and then introduced into the water, where it maintains an atmosphere of steam and carbon diox- ide that holds back the liquid water from the immediate region of the flame. Probably the only use for such a torch is in cutting submerged metal which cannot be brought to the #ur- face until the cutting operation is com« pleted. . Q How did Budapest get its name?— A. The name Budapest describes the united cities of Buda and Pesth. Buda was named after a brother of Attila; Pesth is from the Slavic Pestj, mean- ing an oven or limekiln, Q. What have American women done in the field of invention?—S. R. A While the first American inven- tion was patented by a man, the rec- ords further state that the process was “found out by Sybille, his wife." This patent was granted by the British government to Thomas Masters for an invention for cleaning and curing In- | dian corn. 19 years after the | enactment of the patent law in 1790 not a single one of the 10,000 patents issued was granted to a woman. The first successful application from a woman was recorded- in 1809 and was ‘for a8 method of weaving straw with | silk or thread. Even for a quarter of | & century afterward there were less | than a score of patents granted to | women. Women have patented inven- relating to power machinery, & belt drive, a flexible shaft 3 solar heating plant, kitchen and lClarifying of Arms Pr'oble_g | Rencwed attention to the Disarma- m:nt Conl ronce at Geneva is predicted | 25 8¢ ~ry of State Stimson goes for 1 & brief vi Inactivity due to events | in the Far East and other world condi- tion3 has been observed, but the repre- | sontatives of the Amer.can adminis- tration, it is indicated in press com- ments, will be likely to clarify the prob- | 'em before the delegates from the na- tions. “It must be” says the New York Times, “that Mr. Stimson's informa- "tin has coniinced Bim that the weight cf this Government and of his offic> | roon thrown into the scates will bring about a decision.” and that paper feels sure that “he will know that he car- ries with him the vows and aspirations of millions of Americans.” Feeling that all will indorse his errand, the Times continues: “Repeatedly, :ong before the ! Leagu» of Naticns was sci up, the Con- rr:s; of the United Sta‘es has passed Expected in Stimson Visit United States is well advanced on the of armaments, 2lthough by no means neglectful of na- wenal defense” and feels that the American policy “is so far advanced be- yond that of any other of the great powers exuptm nhunu‘”h:mh can never get a serious , or Germany, | which is in chains for the time being, | that there is virtually not a chance of |any conference reaching up to the American pesition.” Emphasizing un- certainty in the Far East, the Evening Poct suggests that “the and French governments are by no means seriously committed to any courss which would actually hold Japan to ac- count for the ruthless military policy put into practice within the past few months,” and voices the hope that the | United States will not be “left in an tions urzing limitation of arma- | men's. Our finaneial s:ak: in that cause is doubled at the present time if armaments were rericcd ail round, he posstbiliil en the war del Teemenc may Lshed, deso wammn.ngs from Wash- ington that notaing of the kind is (o & ¢ pected to result from Mr. Stimson's trip.” Thus far the conference has dealt chixfly with 1 n in the - Oricans Times- des from “the reports of its proceedings” that there i unceriainty @s to “whether any wort while k)‘r.;gn-» toward definite agrec- ments has L made.” The New Or- leans pape “Those of its mem- bers who consent to inrerviews declare themselves “optimisti the pros- pect of rewults Th otherwise. But whether has any other basis tan nd desire romain undls mes-Picayune conclva.s n Becrelary’s mission, we are iner, 18 to ail if possib'e m geting the Arms Limi‘ation Confcrence gnes more in mation toward its odje:tive. Belore fis recent reccss, it g the app-ar- cnce of drifting rather a:mlessly toward nowhere in parti-ular * r-lation betv d sarmamen’. “It 15 hoped that the President’s as- prations for the conference will b2 realiged.” declares the Providence Jour- nal. “His ob-ervation that Secretary Stimson's objective is to obtain ‘some concrete and definite results' from parley is, of course, in keeping w'th the earlier essurances of the admin- istration that it is prepared to ¢ operate in every safe and sensible wa to secure fome agreement at Geneva that will bring tangible progress in the control of all armaments. If Secretary ! Stimson's presence in Geneva should re- sult in comesete developments that will avert an W"imate complete failure of the conference, the fact that his visit 'has given the European debt propa- andists & fresh impetus can be read- !ly overlooked.” “The purpos> of the Stimson visit.” s viewed by the Lincoln State Journal. | . of course. an attempt to bresk the deadlock by throwing the weight of this Government and his high office into the trusgle” Pointing out that “the United States is in a rather peculiar | * becauce it has been “allotted ger than that which it now sesces,” the State Journal makes the | forecast: “This country must build rather than junk ships if it wants a Navy of the cize allowed under dis- srmament agreements. The United States is not anxious to spend further billions on war vessels. If other nations can be persuaded to further reduce their naval equipment, this country will be e need of warship construc- tion, with security unimpaired. That is the stake we have at the conference. Secretary Stimson is to make | -mful," o aa. e othas pand, o) but thak * Post, “the “The advent of a Secretary of State will be stimulating, quite apart from the fideas which Mr. Stimson has to contribute.” in the opinion of the Springfield (Mass.) Republican, which hopes that “by spceding up the work of the conference and shaning its program d.screetly results may be ootained more quickly than had been looked for after its discouragingly slow opening.” The Republican refers to Teports that this country “is to stress the limitation of ‘offensive’ weapons, notably tanks, mo- bile heavy guns and poisen concludes: “In general, the pasition of our delegation, which the Secretary of State will reinforce, is that the maxi- mum of disarmament that can be agreed upon is desirable, but that at worst the conference should not ad- journ without an agreement that will check the further expansion of military establishments. The deeision of Secre- tary Stimson to go now may mean that the limits t what can be done are now ood and ecespted and that & winding up of the conference is preferred to longer negotiations for problematic gains.” “Much progress has been made to- ward a better understanding of the va- rious complex gmhlem.s facing each country,” avers the Jersey City Journal, g that the hope of the world is nite results. The Akron Beacon Journal presents the pessimistic analysis of the situation: “Meanwhile the world is farther from the objective of dis- armament than it was when the confer= ence began its session. France closed the door to all hope of action in this line when it laid down specifications which other nations would not accept, and which, even if accepted, would have made no reduction of the existing cost and ctrenfth of navies and standing armies. Japan's invasion of China was another factor n;‘n mn'd! t’k;a g:nre:- ence a hopeless thing, since jt not only worked at cross purposes with the Lau- sanne dream of peace and mccord, but serapped the covenant of the League of Nations, the Briand-Kellk treaty and several other pacts which it had signed | engaging the nations to friendly arbi- tration before resorting to war.” —— Everybody's Doing It. Prom the Glendale News-Press. ‘The man who wrote “Alice in Won- derland” would have a lot more mate- rial today—now that everybody’s in it. e Gets Back at U. 8. Prom the Detroit News. Our town crab expect: ty have the Government pretty baf™~ " {or the next month. He filled cut hi; I te income tax statement with a pos. office pen. e el Peanuts Can Be Used. From the San Antonio Express. The Government has taken 6.000,000 mfla of peanuts as collateral for . For & campaign year in ular such security is sound.