Evening Star Newspaper, November 18, 1931, Page 12

"A-12 SAFEST YEARS HELD FROM 10TH T0 14TH Public Health Service Survey Finds Child Mortality Falls . After Age of 5. BY THOMAS R. HENRY Prom the tenth to the fourteenth gear is the safest time to be alive. An extensive survey of the health of school children just published by the Public Health Service shows this period is approximately 11 times safer, so far as chances of death are concerned, than from the first to the fifth year, in- clusive. After the fifth birthday, the statis- tical tables show, the chances of death decrease enormously. There is no great variation from the fifth to the nine- teenth year. From the fifth to the tenth year the probability of death is 1.3 times that during the period of maximum safety. After the fourteenth year it increases slightly, to 1.7 times as great. The death probability slightly more than doubles after the nineteenth year, for the 20-to-24-year-old group. Girls' Advantage Falls Off. Up to the twenty-fifth year, the tables show, a boy has slightly less chance of surviving than a girl, but the Jonger a girl lives the less her advan- tage in this respect. From 5 to 14 years she has & 20 per cent better chance than her brother. From 15 to 19 her chances are only about 10 per cent better. From the twentieth to the twenty-fourth year her advantage has been cut down to approximately six per cent, After the twenty-fifth year the death probability goes up for sexes. ‘The Public Health Service study shows that accidents constitute by far the greatest cause of mortality between the fifth and nineteenth years. The death rate from automobile accidents is great- est from 5 to 9 years, declines consider- ably from 10 to 14, and then rises again. The maximum, it is stated, comes at e time when children are playing in the streets, but are too small to watch traffic. The 10-year-old is able to Jook out for himself. After 14 years he begins driving automobiles, and con- sequently the death rate goes up. After the fifth year the probability of fatal accidents to girls declines rapidly, be- cause of their safer play habits. Fatal Diseases Listed. ‘The next most frequent cause of death in the public school age group is tuberculosis, followed in rapidly de- scending order by heart diseases, pneu- monia, diphtheria, appendicitis, in- fluenza, typhoid fever, nephritis, scarlet fever, rheumatism, throat diseases, meningitis, diabetes, enteritis, infantile paralysis, ear diseases, encephalitis, mastol seases, diseases of bones and joints, in- testinal obstruction and suicide. But the chances of death from any of these causes vary considerably, ac- cording to age and sex. Broncho-pneu- monia reaches a minimum between the tenth and fourteenth years. From the fifth to the nineteenth year the death rate from this cause is only about one- thirty-eighth as great as from the first to the fifth year. Lobar pneumonia, on the other hand, reaches its maximum from the fifteenth to the nineteenth year. Its rate for boys is much higher than for girls. ‘Tuberculosis becomes a notable cause of death only after the period of maxi- and continues to become more and more important from the fifteenth to the twenty-fourth years. ‘The rate is almost twice as high for girls as for boys. This is almost the only fleld where the boys have an ad- wantage. Diseases of the heart and : Fastest Service in History measles, cancer, ilepsy, d dis- There’s a Train to New York Every Hour on the Hour EAVE for New York whenever L you want—there's a fast Pennsylvania train every hour on the hour throughout the business day. This flexible schedule of 19 trains daily saves you valuable business time here and in New York. No need for idle waiting— no need for blind haste. There's all increase steadily with age. In this group comes chorea, or St. Vitus’ dance, which leaves the heart weakened and to which girls appear more susceptible than boys. The superior chance of the girls is dut partly to the fact that they are unlikely to be exposed to some the dangers which come to their brothers, such as rabies, tetanus and blood poisoning. Under 5 years of age the play habits of the sexes are sim- ilar, so that the differentiation in the death rate is not so great. Deaths by drowning_increase with age for both sexes. Fatal accidents with firearms increase steadily with age among boys and decrease slightly among Fatal falls decrease with age for girls, but for boys they increase up to the ninth year, fall to a minimum in the “maximum safety” period and increase again after the fourteenth year. Death from burns is about twice as frequent among girls as among boys, due to their practice of remaining about the kitchen. Heart Diseases Infrequent. Children seem to have escaped the increase in_deaths from heart diseases which has been noticeable among older age groups since 1915. Fatalities from kidney diseases have shown a steady decline in the school population, al- though for the population at large they have, greatly increased. ‘The report was made by Selwyn D. Collins, senior statistician of the Public Health Service, based on _records of child health in' Maryland, Florida and Missour, representing a cross section of conditions throughout the country. that's why they are the FRESH e¢i }YOU can drive out the natural moisture in tobaccdos by over- THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, WEDNESDAY, N OVEMBER 18, 1931. PLEA FOR MEDALS INCAPITAL S MADE | Dr. Benjamin Stresses Need for Keeping All Awards Given Here. | A plea to Washington residents to | preserv® for all time the countless med- als struck off in Washington since this city was chosen as the Nation's Capi- tal was expressed last night by Dr. Mar- cus Benjamin, speaking at a meeting of the Columbia’ Historical Society at the Cosmos Club. | It is unfortunate, Dr. Benjamin sald, | that o public-spirited citizen has col- lected the countless medals struck off in Washington since this city was chosen as | the Nation's Capital. He expressed the | opinion that future generations would ‘be gratified if some individual or or- ganization would preserve for posterity |the numerous significant medals dis- |iributed in" Washington from time to e. | " The speaker listed a series of the best known medals issued here, all of which he placed on exhibit. They included: ‘The medal issued in 1891 to celebrate establishment of the Patent Office 100 years earlier. A decoration commemorating the cen- tenary of the construction of the Capi- tol Building, distributed in 1893. The Statue of Hancock Medal, made in the late nineties. The Victor Brenner Medal, issued in 1908 during a tuberculosis conference here. He explained that Brenner de- signed the Lincoln penny. A medal issued in 1900 celebrating selection of Washington as the Capital of the United States. A token issued some five or six years ago by the National Cathedral. ‘Washington Topham gave a history of the Congressional Globe, f Washington newspaper, published from a Pennsylvania avenue plant. James F. Duhamel read a series of old advertisements published in Wash- ington newspapers. Allen C. Claxe{‘ president, presided at the meeting. $7,500,000 in Gold From Japan. SAN FRANCISCO, November 18 (#). —Gold amounting to $7,500,000 was unloaded from the Japanese liner Rakuyo Maru here yesterday, bringing the October shipments from Japas to $60,000,000, of which $50,000,000 was received at San Francisco. ‘There are 11 points in the star of the Statue of Liberty, New York. Y. W. C. A. REPORTS RISE IN SWIMMERS| A marked increase in attendance at the pool and gymnasium of the K street building of the Young Women's Christian Association was reported yesterday ut a meeting of the Health Education Committee. More than 5,000 young women and girls used the facilities last month, as compared with 4,000 in October, 1930. Miss Irene Richards, health education director, reported development of a better department for indoor sports had caused greater interest. She praised the work of Miss Jenny Turn- bull, new director. She explained the activities included indoor golf, swim- ming, basket ball, tennis and bowling. Dr. Grace G. 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