Evening Star Newspaper, July 6, 1931, Page 8

A—8 THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY. ..July 6, 1931 THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor ¥he Evening Star Nfl;’l)‘f Company . L 1ot Lty 8t and New York Office cago Office: La fice: 1 Enj Svivania Ave nisican H l\flyllb\'. 420d Bt ke Michigan Building. ropean Of efent M. London, Rate by Carrler Within the City. | 45¢ per month | rwt per month Sc per month u¥ thie ‘snd of ench mon ‘may be sent in by mail or Lelephene | Al 5000, Rate by Mall—Pafuble in Advance, | Maryland and Virginia. fly and Sundar. i 'y only All Other States and Canada. {7 ll\“ Sunday. ,.1l Y; .!;’.M }:: Sadayomiy 20001 yr 388 1 e yr. 0.1 Member of the Associated Press. 1r : *80c | 1yl $4.00; 1 mo.. d0c 3 vl 78 | os in this paper and aiso 1 rews | published ‘herein All 1ights of n of | apecial aispatches herein are also reserved. | — Mr. Hoover Stands Pat. Prom the inception of President Hoover's plan to ald Germany and pro- | mote world economic recovery, the ! American people have been far less | concerned with the technical detalls of that beneficent project than with the | spirit and principle of it. For that apirit and principle the President, backed by the full weight of the United States Government and American pub- lic opinion, is now waging an eleventh- hour diplomatic battle. The country is with him to a man— and to & woman. It wishes him well in the fight he is compelled to make. | It believes he will win, not only be- eause of the intrinsic merit of his cause, | but because of American confidence that France, sooner or later, will recog- nize the undesirability, in her own in- terest, of thwarting a success now just | over the horizon Up till & late hour last night there ‘was every sign that two weeks of patient endeavor and negotiation between Washington and Paris had at length eradicated all points of disagreement. | Messrs. Mellon and Edge, acting in elosest contact with Mr. Hoover and his advisers at Washington through that ultra-modern medium of quick | communication, the transoceanic tele- phone, have stood firmly for the fun- damentals of the President’s plan. Concessions have been made on both sides. But none was forthcoming from | the United States that, directly or in- | directly, impinged upon the prime ob- Jective at stake—genuine relief to Ger- many during the reparations year which | began July 1. i Common sense and conciliation, it was thought, had done their work. Point after point, which once threatened discord, was ironed out. The thorny problem of unconditional annuities was solved by an agreement to let Germany pay these into the International Bank and immediately reborrow them. Prance's insistence upon financial relief to non-German countries was met by an arrangement to provide such help from funds advanced by the central . banks of Great Britain, France and the United States. Differences over fund- ing suspended payments were compro- mised by allowing the Germans twelve years for that purpose instesd of the twenty-five proposed by America and the five suggested by Prance. “Guarantee payments,” it was determined, should be arranged by the reparation powers, of which the United States is not cne. There remained the question of “pa ments in kind,” imposing upon Ger. many under the Young plan obligations of some $20,000,000 or $25000.000 a year. The French were firm for con- tinuance of these “indirect reparations,” as the United States regards them America in her latest ncte to France 25 firmly rejects that proposition. Presi- dent Hoover holds that to extort from the Germans even that relatively small | percentage of reparation toll, whether it | be in cash or “in kind."—payment by the German government of goods| or services deliverable to the French— would be to curtail that full measure of relief to the Reich which the American plan contemplates. On that slender thread of difference | matters now hang. It is inconceivable | | | | il‘hlldren than ever before. of thousands of drivers on ‘he roads of this country who should not be al- lowed to operate dangerous machines. The tragedy of the matter is that not they alone, but others, innocent of fault, pay the penalty of death for reckless speed and incompetent steer- ing. In 1928 there were 106 drownings in the United States on July 4. The next year there were only 71, and the year following there were 57. This decrease gave Tise to hope that the lesson of care in the water was being learned. On Saturday, however, 181 people of all ages died from drowning, showing that no lesson has been learned and that the diminution of casualiies dur- ing the past two years was probably only a fortunate chance. Swimming is being taught to a larger number of more swimming pools in cities. Yet this shocking leap in the water deaths comes as an indication that people, old and young, are continuing to take more des- THE EVENING STAR, | them, tributes have been paid to them, rewards have been poured upon them. Nor are the air heroes of yesterday forgotten in the glamour of today’s ac- complishments. They join in the a claim of their successors in the race. The feat of Post and Gatty, which is today the occasion for the bestowal | of matfonal honors here at the Capital, {was & drama of stirring quality. Dur- ing the period of their flignt millions watched the sky, as it were, for tokens of their progress. Thanks to wire and radio, covering the entire Northern Hemisphere, their advance was noted almost with every beat of their pro- ipeller, It was a protracted “Lindbergh ‘watch.” Once the daring fyers were !over the Atlantic the observing multi- tudes felt that the remainder of their flight was largely a question of time. There are Would they make their goal in the| [period they had set for themselves? | They were pushed along, as it were, by the good wishes of countless millions. Now they are being feted for their Tomorrow {evil | supervision over the explosive pastimes | | national question were raised. [ should put forward one of their leaders | paign is given in the speech delivered in { out of the picture. ! nation next year. perate chances in the sea and streams. | Achlevement. another or Legislation and enforcement. may others will have scored & mew mark from time to time abate the fireworks DY daring and skill. But Post and Parental co-operation will do|Gatty will not be forgotten then, and more. As a result of dangerous prank- !t 15 10 be hoped that they will be ing and imitative plav on Saturday Present to add their tributes and con- hundreds of children in this country |Bratulations to their successors in pub- are today malmed for life, some blinded, 1 !1¢ rejoicing and appraisal. some crippled. This for the lack of = b ) effective legal regulations and parental | From time to time some judge, in an outburst of indignant originality, sug- gests that a husband should have the privilege of “spanking” & wayward wife. Such ideas are obviously not for the present generation which recog- nizes equal opportunities for all in athletic as well as intellectual develop- ment. The court favoring such meas- ures is either centuries behind the times or centuries ahead of them. The June military maneuvers which have just been held around Prague were featured by extensive aircraft performanc Some day that old “plece” the “Battle of Prague” may have to be rewritten and brought up to date by the inclusion of movements descriptive of the roar of motors and curses of mechanicia .- Europe looks to Uncle Sam not only |to lend money. but to lend a helping hand in devising methods of adjustiug the debts. 1In this case creditor as well {as debtor is expected to walk the floor [in an effort to invent expedients. - - of the youngsters, i A sad price, indeed, has been paid for the observance of Independence day. Issues and Candidates. Democratic leaders today are asking themselves what effect, if any, the in- terjection of the debt suspension plan by the Hoover administration into the situaticn {3 to have on the national campaign next vear. They are won- dering, 100, whether the interjection of an international issue into that cam- paign will call for the nomination of some other Democrat for the presidency than would be the case if no such inter- The Democratic leaders, generally speaking, have all given their approval to the Hoover debt suspension plan. It is realized, however, that if this plan 1s put into effect other problems will grow out of it. in all probability, in which the forelgn policy of this country will be concerned. The future is not at all clear in this respect. The Demo- crats are wondering whether they If all his calculations work out. Stalin will find himself in a position to throw {light on all kinds of governmental problems, that of a treasury surplus as well as that of a deficit. e for the presidency who is particularly familiar with international affairs—for example, Owen D. Young of New York, whose name is associated with the pres- ent plan under which German repara- tions are paid to the allies. Newton D. Baker, Wilson's Secretary of War dur- ing the world confiict, is also men- tioned as a Democratic presidential possibility. Mr. Baker is looked upon as having wide knowledge of inter- national affairs. + An inkling of the importance which the international policy of the United States may assume in the coming cam- Owing % the attention to divorce as |a way to municipal prosperity, an or- | ganization of business boosters in Reno, Nev., is likely to hold some very gossipy | little sessions. - Russia points to inexhaustible re- sources of many kinds. 1If one five-year plan does not sueceed. there is always | another five-year period immediately | avatlable. =g e Baltimore on July Fourth by Gov. Al- bert C. Ritchie of Maryland. The Mary- land Governor devoted the greater part of his address to.the subject of inter- national debts, the President’s plan for ® year's suspension of the debis, 80| .y iyt expertments in parking what may happen in the futare to those | | /") o ning include search of reliable debts. Ritchie is recognized as a candi- | al debts date for the presidential nomination ) PIns for Perking internation: next year, and friends of the Maryland Governor have been busy for months SHOOTING STARS. seeking to build up strength for him Eeme—— outside of his own State. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. The truth of the matter appears to be that no one can say with certainty to- day just what the main lssues are to| be in next years political campaign. The answer is waiting upon the adop- tion of the Hoover debt suspension plan, upon the manner in which that|.For in the midst of serious cares plan functions if it is adopted, and| Some gloom ix sure to fall. upon the general economic condition not | A man, though famous In Affairs, only of this country, but of the world| 15 human after all. next Spring. If conditions have been| 2 - improved materially, especially | “Bvmetses T wacy Shie i this | 80 ‘_ . country, hard times, which was the| VeXations rise anew major issue of the Democrats in the | But none save an expression glad 1930 congressional campaign, may fade| The People wish to view.® That is a condition for which the Republicans d:voutly | hope. They are less afraid of other| issues than they are of hard times. | Gov. Roosevelt of New York has been | considered the outstanding candidate | for the Democratic presidential nomi-| ~“Some politicians talk too mucl He may be the cholce| “Perhaps.” replied Senator Sorghum. no matter what the issues of the cam- | “But if you deprive a man of the joy palgn, for already much has becn done | Of speechifying, where's the fun of being to place him in the lead. Furthermore, [ 1n politics!” Paris is perfectly willing to undertake leadership not only in fashions in cos- tume, but in styles related to interna- tional finance. Faclal Expression. “You must not take my photograph,” A wise man gravely sald. “The public wants a merry laugh. I wear a frown instead. “So chide me with satiric ease. T'll bear it with good grace Nor seek to make reply—but please Don't photograph my face!” Eliminating the Inducement. that it should snap to the undcing of the whole scheme for the fructification ©f which all mankind 1s longing Seashore police are no longer ex- pected to supervise bathing costumes. | The task was too difficult. Easier work | and more important results are to be | attalned by vigilant authority that, keeps an eve on the offing for rum- runners. | e The 4th of July is still a great holi- day, although not quite equal as occa- sions of popular enthusiasm to the days | of acclaim for record-breaking aviators. | | ] ! What Independence Day Cost. | Computations have shown that the | death toll in the United States on Inde- | Pendence day was 483, while 2,408 per- | sons were injured in more or less de- gree. This is the largest number of lives lost in ‘“celcbration” in many | years. The Fourth of July has not! been made “safe and sane.” | Analysis of this compilation showsi that only six deaths were attributable to fireworks, one-half as many as last year, and this fact is somewhat com- | forting, even though there should m] fact be no casualties from this cause. But there is no comfort whatever in | {in the campalgn Just as well as another. he may fit into the picture if interna- tional questions are to be major issues he's saving up the fashion magazines so as to give his grandchildren a laugh at the expense of Roosevelt was a part of the Wil- | ¢ne present generation. son adminlsiration as Assistant Secre- tary of the Navy. Market experts egree that a Tevival of business is sure to be in evidence soon and on positive terms. The Stock Exchange is consistent in at least one respect, that of keeping its own secret as to precisely what it will do next. Lost Motion. The man who kicks and brings distress By unexpected balking. In life's affairs will not progress Like one who keeps on walking. Limitations. “Would you like to see a prize fight?” “No,” replied Miss Cayenne. “I have no moral objection to pugilism, but I couldn't permit myself such expensive tastes.” No doubt Capone feels especially ag- grieved at finding his beer racket inter- fered with just when Summer heat brings the demand for cold lager to its | greatest height. Progress. Used to be contented To watch a butterfly. Now I want an airship, Sallin’ through the sky. Used to think the wildwood Brought a joy complete. Now I want the golf links, Manicured so neat. Times are ever changing. No use being glum. All our pleasures promise Greater joys to come. Today's Heroes of the Air. Washington has in the past few years honored many aviators who have made notable records and performed outstanding deeds in tce air. Today it pays tribute to two men who have earned particular prestige by a flight that has no parallel. These men, Wiley Post and Harold Gatty, flew “around the world” in eight days, fifteen hours and fifty-one minutes. Their course lay between the fortieth and the sixty-fifth ksl perallels of latitude and covered 15474, “If some men,” said Uncle Eben, “wus miles. It was “around the world” in haf as industrous in deir hones' duty the sense that it completed a circuit.'as dey am 'bout makin' ‘scuses, dey ———— the fact that 2408 individuals nrrc] harmed to some extent by explosions. | g eyen though it. fell ahort by some The greater percentage of the cas- | ten thousand miles from the maximum | ualties were due to motor cAr accidenis | I beiting of the globe, it was & wonder-' and to drownings. One hundred and ') yo0e 1t gemonstiated the possibility sixty persons lost their lives through fct swi Virtually continuous flight’ mishaps on the road and 181 in tae wa- | (f S¥ift and virtually s ter. Bad driving and incompetent ' over a very long course, with no devia- | tion from prescribed route, with no swimming! Carelessness and reckless- J fitss Sndinpompeionce! Daking cmnces:"““" of plane or operatives. It was at the wheel and in the open bath! |® triumph of human skill and endur- The road toll this year was shock- | Ance and of mechanical achievement. ingly large. Nobody can possibly com- | The roll of h~:°" in ‘Am"‘:: ".‘:; pute the percentage of casualties in re- | ton is long an l'°; ng. flh 3 lation to the numbers who went Awheel | Women are accomplishing marve on the holiday, for there is no traffic | Speed and prescribed route flying and count. The chances are that the per- [epdurance to contribute to the advance- centage was small. But the total was ment of the flying art at a rate not too great, nevertheless. It is sadly to Previously conceived as possible. Medals be regognized that there are hundreds of honor ‘have been bestowed upon wouldn’ need no ‘'scuses 'tall.” ———— Summer Nothing New. From the Sioux Falls Daily Argus-Leader. Though Summer has just reached here officially, it has been visiting around unofficially for some time. [ —— Short Days Just As Bad. From the Milwaukee Sentinel. Well, the longest day of the year wasn’t any harder than some of the shorter ones. Can’t Escape Uncle Sam. The Charleston (W. Va.) Daily Mail. ‘The most some of us can extract from the Capone case is that gangsters must pay what they owe in gaxes to the United Statess ' WASHINGTO Here is & comforting Summer thought: It is not so much one's own cowardice which holds one down, not one’s own mediocrity so much, as the fear and resuiting mediocrity of too many of those with whom ons has to deal. In the ordinary walks of this life it is an sntiseptic thought that one is not alone in his er points, but is sur- rounded on all sides by perfectly similar human beings. The ides of one's uniqueness is good thing to lose as early as possible. Every one is normal enough, whatever “normal” may be: he is like unto thou- sands of other human beings. This frees a young man from the be- lief that he alone poss:sses bad traits, unconfortable traits, and, on the other hand, makes him tolerant of others, once he realizes that they, too, suffer from the same complaints. *x % % ‘How many boys and girls there are who hug the delusion that they are quite different from the remainder of the world! 1f they only knew it. Johnny at their elbow is thinking exactly the same thing, and feeling quite as miserable about it. It 15 one thing to feel that ome is uniquely great. and quite another that one is uniquely cursed with timidity, or lack of “push,” or any of the ordinary qualities which make for success as the "Mld in general knows it. Few are endowed with the former, but many with the latter. It is this class that finds it necessary, every now and then, to stop and think. ‘The members of the greater group will find it profitable to call their own attention from time to time to the plain truth, that in most things they are as other men. LR There @re few human beings who have not accused themselves. at some time or other, of being cowardly in their dealings with others, of falling to take bold, decisive steps which would either make or break them. Afterward let them look around snd admit to themselves that the same cow- ardice in others was a restraining in- fluence 21l down the line, and that such mediocrity as they may display is flour- ished on’ every street corner and in almost every contact of the every day. There are few men who could not do better than they do if they were re- leased from the fear thoughts which envelop them like a cloud, thoughts given out by others, and put into prac- of the everyday life. Every one can think of a hundred ex- amples from his own life's history. no matter m what walk of life he func- tions, when he was held back. not so much by his own fear or timidity as by the wall of inhibitions which had been built up by others It is a thing of many walls Soclety. at large. has its high wall, manifesting itself. among others, in the fear. “What will They say>" This mighty “They"” has held back a million men from their be: not so much through any fear on their part of what others would sav as because the shrinking and hesitation of those near and dear to them often heid them ck. in fact - .o evervthing would be safe. have kept countless thousands from the full meas- {ure of success which might have been | theirs if there had been no such traits ‘n_human nature It will not do for any ambitious man or woman to thoughtlessly accept the verdict of associates that a lack of cer- tain qualities in them has them from rising to the heights. Too same poor hesitation, the same timid- WASHINGTON First murmurs of a rift in the po- litical lute, which hag twanged so har- monlously since President Hoover an- nounced his debt plan. are discerned in Gov. Ritchle’s Independence day ad- dress. Maryland's perennial chief ex- ecutive opines scheme means the eventual loss cof the billions European nations owe the United States. Political Washingion wonders whether, in their frantic search for s“mething to match Hoover's trump card. the Democrats ‘may not be pre- paring to move along the lines Ritchie has just indicated. Leaving its merits or demerits wholly aside, such a theory be just as easy to scare the country into believing that Uncle Sam's $11,000,000,- 000 of Old World I. O. U.’s are geing glimmering as it was for the Repub- licans to depict membership in the League of Nations as the end of Yankee liberties. Ritchie’s bogey-man propo- sition doesn’t frighten another Demo- cratic presidential aspirant—Newton D, one of these days may be found advo- cating outright cancellation of Euro- pean debts as the Demccrats’ best coun- ter-offensive to the Hoover plan. Hold- ing advanced views on that score, Baker may conclude that going whole- hog would be a political master stroke, now that the President has made the country see that generosity to Europe is enlightened self-interest for America. *xox o With the debt holiday about to be- come an accomplished fact. no question s asked so eagerly as the one that seeks to determine just whose brain- wave it really was. Did it spring from Mr. Hoover's own ample think-tank?’ Was it Stimson. Mellon or some other administrationist who _evolved the world's brighest idea in 11 years? Where did it originate—in Washington, New York or Europe? The exact facts probably will never be known—until Hoover writes his memoirs. The woods are full of guesses as to where the laurels should be bestowed. Rumor's candidates for the honor include, more or less in the order named, Ambassador Backett, Secretary Stimson, former Am- bassador Houghton, Senator Morrow, Owen D. Young, former Reparations Agent-General 8. Parker Gilbert, Am- bassador Dawes and Undersecretary of the Treasury Mills. One eleventh-hour moratorium tid-bit is that the White House sprang the plan earlier than in- tended. The President wanted to line up an even more imposing array of congressional support, before announc- ing it. Then “leaks” were discovered among some of the Senators and Rep- resentatives already consulted, and, fearing he might be “scooped” on his own story, Hoover decided to spill the beans without further celay. * % % So far the only man to come forward with the modest suggestion that “I did it” 1s Oswald Garrison Villard, editor of the Nation. In the current issue of that saxophone of lurid liberalism Mr. Villard runs an advertisement indicat- ing that nearly three weeks before the debt holiday announcement he made a statement in London proposing that the President electrify the world with a bold stroke of that kind. In the same number of his weekly Mr. Villard goes through the motions of eating crow. Just & week before, the Nation began publishing & series of 10 articles de- signed to depict Mr. Hoover as & presi- dential tragedy. The keynote diatribe ‘was by Villard himself. Coincident with s Hoover foreign policy essor 's the it's debt move as a great and glorious gesture! * x x His name hasn't broken into the news, but no man has been playing & more potent behind-the-scenes role in the moratorium maneuvers than Her- bert Feis, new economic adviser of the State Department. Dr. Feis had hardly had time to find his way about the de- partment when the debt came ticel usage in the shivery little doings | Such tangible fear thoughts, mani- | fested in images of mediocrity, where | revented | often the helghts are blocked by the | that the moratorium | N, D. C, MONDAY ) THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. ity, the same shrinking, which the ob- jects of their contempt display. It is one of the major tricks of the sly ani- mal in man, to foist off onto others the very traits it fears in ftself. . Never, therefore—and this is simply practical advice——permit others' to make you feel as if you, alone, were the sad possessor of lamentable traits, and that most other men are properly otherwise. The easily observable truth, to be discovered almost anywhere, in any organization whatsoever, in any city or town, and perhaps even on the ferm, is that almost every one of us might do better than we do if it were not for the jmiasma of fear which creeps out at us day and night from the minds and hearts of all those with whom we have to deal. *oxow ok How few men, indeed, one meeis who are at all impressive or who make one feel that they had mastered life and | its_conditions! | Even great names do not insure ft. |nor much money. There are famous gentlemen who seem veritable shrimps, and large, senatorfal-looking persons who are perfect lightweights. In between come thousands upon thousands of what are called plain human beings, who are neither great | nor_rich, famous or celebrated. | One comes last to have a sad | feeling that greatness, in essence, is not 50 great at hand as at = distance. | that if 'one wants to keep one's ideal conception of a great novelist. for in- stance, one had better not attend his | Jecture. 1t is wholesome then to feel. in all | honesty, that if these great men are | less, in truth, than somehow they ought | to be, or might be, it is, perhaps, no | wonder that the remainder of man- | kind 15 not high on the road to world- | wide notoriety which tends to take the place of what the unsophisticated peo- ple of past generations called celebrity. e R Once & man has come to this com- forting feeling, or belief, he will find himself more tolerant of himself as well as of others Are you intolerant of yourself? There has been.a great talk, about It | nd about. of intolerance. mainly aimed | at_intolerance matters. Men are at all points intolerant, how- ever, and perhaps the greatest intol- erance is from a man to his own self. | Fogs of fear and doubt, impinging | upon his consciousness from others, en- veloping him like the invisible cloak of the fairy tales, tends to m: censorious, Even the rousing chorus of Bullard's grand “Stein Song." assuring him that God is not too critical, fails to remove the handicap. Man is intolerant of his own tendency to failure, helped on. as it is. by the same decrepitude in others. The better attitude would be. if one could manage it, to regard life as a strange interlude, which O'Neill assures us it is, in which everv phase is of vast and transcenden- i tal inferest, “since we shall not travel this way again.™ It 1= childish or subjuvenile. even, to indulge in unmixed self-criticism, when in regard to religious s him self- all the time we are all in the same boat. | steadily going somewhere we do not | know exactly where. but, like Columbus in his caravel. hoping for the best help them by refraining from pressing our timidities upon them, but also by refusing. s far as we are able. 1o per- mit their fears to communicate them- selves to us. No doubt we shall fail in this, as we have in the past. but if we recognize the danger, the let and the hindrance. that is something. at least an antiseptic thought for a Summer's day. to keep one from getting hot under the coliar sometime, OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. | along. 3 brought into Secretary Stimson’s sery- |ice a few weeks ago with an eye fore- most to what’s now happening. At any rate. he's the acknowledged master | mind of the department where the Young plan is concerned. Feis knows its figures and endless intricacies al- most by heart—annuities, guarantees, non-postponable payments. conditional payments, payments in kind, and all the rest of it. A youngish, scholar] JULY 6, 1931, The Political Mill By G. Gould Gov. Albert C. Ritchie of Maryland | 'This is & | department devoted delivered & Fourth of July address in | solely to the handling of queries. This Baltimore, interesting in itself, but also | paper puts at your disposal the taking on additional interest use | of an extensive organization in Wash- of his prominence tn the Democtatic | ington to serve you in any capacity that party and the fact thst he is to be a |relates to information. This service is contender for the presidential nomi- | free. Patlure to make use of it deprives nation next year. His di on of | you of benefits to which you are en- America and her part in internationsl | titled. Your obligation is only 2 cents affairs, coming at this time when Presi- { in coin or stamps inclosed with your dent Hoover has urged upon the world | inquiry for direct reply. Address “The a year’s suspension of intergovern-|Evening Star Information Bureau, mental debts as an aid to economic | Frederic J. Haskin, director, Washing- | recovery, goes beyond the limits set in | ton, D. C. the text of Mr. Hoover's proposal. In = = the opinlon of Gov. Ritchie it is time Q. How many pounds pressure does the American Government cease play- | it take o hit a goif ball hard enough to ing the ostrich, which he pictures as|drive it 250 yards>—A. C. the “favorite political bird of our Na- A. A G. & Bros. says that tional Government.” this question cannot be answered with “It has been the policy of our Gov- |technical accuracy because ‘‘pounds ernment,” Gov. Ritchie said, “to insist | pressure” is & concept dealing with sta- that there is no connection between |tionary objects; & golf ball cannot be our international debts and reparations, | hit with a pound weight which is at and that the allies must pay their debts | rest. However, the pounds required to to us whether Germany does or does | flatten a ball as much as it is flattened not make her reparation payments to|when hit 250 yards is about 2,000 Let us lav these burdens down, not | only of other people, as far as we may | the allies. The Government has now that if Germany does not the reparations to the allies, then '.fl allies are not going to keep on paying their debts to us.” ok ox President Hoover, Gov. Ritchie to the contrary notwithstanding, has by no means admitted this to be the fact in his proposal for a year's moratorium. The President continues to insist that the reparations of Germany and the debts owed this country by the allies are two very distinct things. But the Maryland Governor goes even further and detlares that if the moratorium for one vear becomes effective, there is no likelihood that the payments by Germany under the Young plan will be resumed and that, as & consequence, this country must expect that our debtors will not resume the payments on_their debts “The surprising thing.” continued Gov. Ritchie, “is that we have thought the prevailing conviction among our people to be that the fcrefgn countries must be required to payv their debts 10 us. I blieve that this is the general feeling. end vet we find our country responding favorablv to a proposition which if consummated will doubtless be the beginning of the end of those pay- ments.” oo o ‘The Maryland Governor believes that the prople are waking up to the fact that “we cannot prosper if Eurcpe is prostrate.” and he adds. “I count all this a distinct gain and a distinct awakening” He insists that whether the debts are to be scaled down or not paid st all, the thing which has become apparent to American eyes is that Germany must not be allowed to collapse and thzt such a collapse will have a b>d effect on America as well as on Europe generally. “'As I see it." the Governor continues, | “the truth is that our money was neces. sary to the winning of the war, just as ! our boys were. The debis are due us, | ,And we are entitled to demand them. | {if. with eves open. we 'hink it Is wise to do so. But when the tim~ comes to de- | cide, it will be ths prrt of wisdom to in- jauire to what extent present loss may mean ultimate profit.” ook % | Perhaps the Maryland Governor fs | {looking a bit farther ahead, botin eco- nomicallv and politically. than are some | | other Democrats and many Republicans | Who are insisting that America's pres- ent attempt 10 aid in_the econcmic re- | | covery of the world shall not be a pre- | |lude to any further cancellation of the war debts owed this country. The late | William Jennings Bryan. another very | prominent Democrat. mot long after the | | war was over declared emphatically for the cancellation of all the debts owed this country by our allies in the war, holding that it would aid in the general 1"\'1"11 of Europe and make for such good will toward this country as would | improve our trade enormously. But one | thing seems quite clear. as it appears |to Gov. Ritchie. and that is. if there is | | to be & lessening of the pavment of the | | debis of France and the rest of the al- | Hed nations to the Uni'ed States, there must also be a lessening of the pay- iments by Germany in the matter of | reparations. Such a suggestion will fall {dully upcn the ears of France. even {more dully than the suggestion that | America forgive her debtors will fall {upon the ears of this country. | oo ox | 8o far other Democrats of promi- { nence. including leaders in the Senate nd House, have been careful, in giving person, with a head of curly gray hair, | approval to the Hoover debt Suspension almost’ white, and vsually tugging at a | plan. to assert' that this moratorium pipe, Feis has world economics t his|should not be construed as afecting in does project a clean-cut issue. It might | Baker. The little Napoleon from Ohio | fingertips. He was pretty nearly Heaven-sent for the Government's pres- ent high purposes. Need it be added that. like “Castle, Mills, Marriner and most_of the others on the moratorium Jjob, Feis is a Harvard man? * xox % Seldom has the press room at the State Department known so interna- tional a flavor as these days. Half a dozen European correspondents on duty in Washington are constant attendants at the seances held twice or thrice daily for the scribes’ benefit. The Germans are Kurt G. Sell of the famous semi- official Wolff News Agency of Berlin and Paul Scheffer of the Berliner Tage- blatt. From Prance come Plerre Des- noyers, cultured young correspondent of Le Petit Parisien, and Jean Gachon, who acts for the governmental Havas | Agency of Paris. e British press is represenied by two Smiths—Denys H. H. 8mith of the “Tory” London Morn- ing Post and Charles Oliver Smith, who writes for a great chain of Canadian papers, and Claud Cockburn, acting correspondent of- the London Times. Mr. Cockburn is & great-great-nephew of the British admiral who set off some flslr;mc fireworks on Capitol Hill in * ko Before Wiley Post and Harold Gatty leave Washington this week they're sure to have something to say about a Government official to whom they give jor credit for the success of their epochal world flight. He is James H. Kimball, meteorologist extraordinary, who supplied all the weather dope for'| the globe-encircling adventure. A De- troiter by birth. Kimball has been with the United States Weather Bureau since 1895, serving in all sections of the country and the West Indies. The first North Atiantic weather maps for transoceanic flying were prepared by Kimball, who since then has served successively as consulting meteorologist for Lindbergh, Chamberlin, Byrd, Ber- taud, Brock, Haldeman and other ocean hoppers. “Storm Log of the At- lantic Ocean” is from Kimball's pen— a standard work on herring-pond weather. *x ok From the local diplomatic corps comes to this observer a suggestion worth attention before the Senate begins discussing the Hoover debt plan. It concerns the diplomatic gallery. The acoustics of that exclusive section of the Senate chamber, just above the clock and immediately facing the Vice President’s rostrum. are sald to atrocious. Ambassadors and Ministers, even on the biggest days, seldom take the trouble to go to their gallery, be- cause they .claim that hearing is diffi- cult, to the point of impossibility. Sen- ator George Moses' Committee on Rules may want to look into this before the ides of December. (Copsright, 1931.) - Different Kind of Fire. Prom the Ann Arbor Daily News. ntic City Boardwalk fire i house instead of & bath hot-dog stand, as might have been ex- pected. Perhaps 1t Would Be Best. From the Omaha World-Herald. Talk of making the North Pole a bli Siption. Perhaps the best Vhing that B be done with be | ident Curtis and Senator Arthur Capper, | any _way the future pavment of the debts owed this country by France, | Great Britain, Italy and other nations of Furope. But what if the Demccrats come around in the future to the view now put forward by Gov Ritchie? Or is the Maryland Governor, in his ad- dress, merely pointing the way to w may happen if the Hoover plan for a moratorium is put. into effect, leaving the Democratic party in & position to say, “I told you #0.” and to heap upon the Republicans blame for halting the payment of the foreign debts to us? * % x ‘The question of the debts owed this country by those countries with which America was associated in the World War became a political matter_soon after the armistice was signed. When the money was loaned to the allies dur- ing the r and legislation was put through authorizing the loans leaders in both parti speakxing on the floor of the Senate and House, asserted that this money was America’s contribution to the cause, and some of them made it clear they did not expect repayment. But that all changed later. In the war had become unpopular with many elements in the country, and they were out to take a crack at the Democratic administration, which had been con- ducting the war. They took the crack, and it became popular to insist that the allies should pay back every dol- lar that was loaned them, even though much of this money was expended with American manufacturers and producers for goods wanted by the allies. Well, these debts may bob up again as & po litical question, unless the country is beginning to agree with William Jen- ! nings Bryan and with Gov. Ritchie that it may be a wiser policy in the end not to demand all that under the| strict letter of the law we are entitled to demand. * Kk ok % The Federal Farm Board threatens to become prominent again in the poiif lcal picture because of its recent decl Tation of policy regarding the millions of bushels of wheat owned by the board. In that declaration the board said it| would not sell in excess of 5,000,000 bush- els of &heat in any one month. Political leaders from the wheat-growing States are immediately up in arms, although the board insists that the farmers them- selves are satisfied and that the trouble is really being stirred up by the grain trade, in the hope of discrediting the Farm Board. At any rate, Vice Pres- both hailing from the greatest whea producing State In the country, here to urge upon the President and the board a different policy by the board. a policy which would keep all the board’s off the market this year. It does not appear possible thai Senator 1920 campaign for the presidency the | N pounds. This isn't exact either, be- been forced to recognize that the con- | cause when hit with & golf club the ball | nection is direct and inescapable, and | flattens only on one side, while it is | tened on both sides when 1t is squeezed in a testing machine to get at the 2,000 pounds mentioned. The exact concept is the energy required to hit & ball 250 yards and the figure for | this is 193 foot-pounds in English gravi- tational units—that is, the energy re- quired to lift & pound weight 193 feet or to lift 193 pounds one foot. Q. In what year was Julia Sanderson born?—J. E. 8. A. Mrs. Jeannette Sackett, Miss San- derson’s mother, says that Julia was born September 22, 1887. She is, then, spproaching her forty-fourth birthday. Many publications have erred, making Miss Sanderson older than she really is. Q. When did the industrial revolu. tion and the commercial revolution be- §in?—B. H. C. A. Early in the nineteenth century, with the introduction and increased use of machinery, came the so-called In- dustrial revolution. The commercial revolution is generally dated from the organization the Standard Oil Trust, which was the first of the trusts to be organized. . Q. Kigdly advise the United States’ value ot “the Oxford University, Eng- land, degree of B. Litt. (Oxon)—that is to say, is this degree equal to the master’s or 1o the doctor of philosophy degree in the United States universi- | ties?—T. F. H. ! A. The Office of Education says that the degree of B. Litt. is undoubtedly equal to the doctor of philosophy degree in the unversities of the United States. A thesis is required and considerable research work and methods of study. The word “Oxon” indicates a mark of distinction has been obtained in some line of work. ‘When d&id the Roman Empire rise | all>—A. H. | A. The empire originated after the battle of Actium, B.C. 31. and the de- cline began with the death of Marcus Aureilus, 180 A.D. Contributing causes throygh the ceniuries were the aggres- sive Influx of large numbers of German : hostile advance of the Per- sians: internal dissension: revolt of the provinces; ingrafting under Heliogaba- Jus of Oriental rites and practices, re- pugnant to the Roman people; & pes- tilence which lasted 15 vears and car- ried off one-half of the inhabitants of the empire; the invasion of the Goths | and Huns, and the final aggression of vandals from Africa. The end of the Roman Empire of the West was prac- tically complete by A.D. 476. Q. Please quote Talleyrand's defini- tion of good coffee—M. B. A. “It must be pure as an angel strong as love, black as the devil and hot as hell.” Q. How long ago was the National Q. and f. | total a ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Theater bullt on its present site in Washington. D. C.2—H. H. A. In 1834 the second permanent theater in Washington was built on the present. site of the National Theater, on *he morth side of E street between Thirteenth and Fourteenth streets. It was called the Washington Theatcr after the former one, on Sixth street and Louisiana avenue, had been aban- doned to variety shows and entertain- ments. This was later razed and the new National Theater was built in 1863 The same theater is still functioning except that it has been improved and modernized. Q. How did the expression, “Jim Orow,” originate?—B. D. P. A. The story runs thus: In Charles- ton, S. C., in the early part of the nine- teenth century, there was a hotel keeper who had two. slaves, both of whom were named James. In order not to have both respond when he called he instructed one to answer only to Jim: |as & further designation, because he | was very black, the guests added Crow. Q. When did Capt. Lawrence say “Don't give up the ship”"?—M. S. A. The shortest and most desperate sea battle of the War of 1812 was fought off Boston Light June 1. 1813. It was over in 15 minutes. The Chesapeake |struck her flag. but not, before nearly all | her officers were killed or wounded | Capt. Imwrence had been but recently | assigned to this boat. Mortally wound- | ed. he said, “Tell the men to fire faster, |and not to give up the ship; fight her till she sinks.” He was taken to Halifax & prisoner and died there June 5. Q. When was “Tom Sawyer” writ- ten?—J. N. A. “Tom Sawyer” was begun as a book |in 1874, and by July 5. 1875, the story as finished. It appeared late in De- cember, 1876. | Q. How did Dr. Brill designate Lifi- coln’s personality>—T. T. | "A. Dr. A A. Briii's estimate of Lin- coln’s personality < & schizoid-manic Q. Which countries have the larges: standing -armies in their order’—K, J. D A. The rank of standing armies of the world is France, Russia. Italy, Polanc, Japan, Rumanii, Switzerla siovakia, Spain, Jugoslavia. The tlable forces of the British Em- pire, United States and Germany out- | rank some of these, but are not organ- ized on the same Tlan, th~ forces con- sisting of Arst lin-, militta and re- serves. - Q. How long may a session of Con- gress last?—A. F. A. The Constitution _provides nat Congress shall meet each year, the life of the Congress being for two yeas; The first session may. if it is the of the Congress, extend to the meeting time of the second session. The second session is naturally limited to the time | when the Congress expires, which i | March 4. Q. How many peits of fur- animals were shipped from Ahum year?—N. A. P A. There were 494547 skins shipped, valued at $2,128,148 Q. Is Rear Admiral Richard E. Byrd older or younger than his brother, former Gov. Harry F. Byrd of Vir- ginia>—J. H. A. The rear admiral is more than a vear yourger. He was borm on Octo- ber 25, 1888, while his brother. Harry F. Byrd, was born on June 10, 1887, Q. Did_Daniel Webster invent a | plow?—A. T. A. He did. in 1836, the year before John Deere made his’ first steel plow. Webster's plow weighed 372 pounds and required four yoke of oxen to pull it This historic plow is housed in the machinery room at New Hampshire College, Durham. N. H. Spain’s Vote for Moderates Praised by American Public Outstanding incidents of the elec- tion in Spain convince the American public that under present conditions there is slight chance of a return of royalty in that country. It is ob-| scrved that the moderates showed great strength against both the Mon- archists and the Communists and it | is a matter of much interest that an actual revolution was taking place | without the slaughter that is expected | to accompany such national erises. The | Catalonian demand for the rights of | a self-governing state within the new republic is described as unique. “The greatest danger to Spanish re- | publicanism,” in the opinion of the | Chicago Daily News, “apparently lies in the exaggerated notions of auton- omy, cultivated assiduously by Cata lonians and other passionate regiona ists. The leaders in those movements profess to desire unity on a federal basis, but it is a question whether they are | prepared to pay taxes to a federal government at Madrid or to make other | tangible sacrifices for the sake of na- | tional unity.” The New York Evening Post feels that “the disturbing fe ture of the election is the overwhelm. ing triumph of the autonomists in | Catalonia and in the Basque prov- inces.” and that “the granting of ‘au- tonomous statehood within the Span ish Republic’ to these two sections ‘would create one of the strangest com- monwealths ever formed.” *x % | “Separate statehood within a federal | says the Roanoke World- | is the wish of the Catalonians, desire for severance of all ties with the rest of Spain, but are firm in their announced purpose of achieving autonomy for Catalan.” That paper also pays the tribute that “Alcala Zamora and his associates deserve the thanks of all Spaniards for the manner in which they have conducted the af- falrs of the government during a trying and difficult period.” The Scranton Times observes that “particularly dis- turbing was the separatist sweep in | Catalonia, which carries with it a threat | of the setting up of a separate govern ment in that region.” “In a disorderly polling, which seems. | however,«to_have been fairer than the | usual run of such things in Spain,” ac- | cording to the Cincinnati Times-Star, | “‘a heavy majority was returned against | the monarchy and in behalf of what | is called a conservative regime. This result was agsured because the Tevo- lutionists who ejected King Alfonso have not resorted to violent measures, and have not been long enough in power to make any serious errors, to | forfeit their following, or to let ex- tremists scramble the political omelet. ‘The outsidé world would be more conff® dent that their experiment would en- dure were it mot for the memory of a similar venture, which began early in 1873, ran & futile course, and ended in | less than two years with the restora- tion of the Bourbons. Perhaps the new republic has stronger men to guid in now that Senator Hawes has stepped out of the picture, among them Bennet Clark, son of the late Speaker Champ Capper and Vice President Curtis are allied with the grain trade, board is right, these political leaders K and the grain trade are at present play- ing the same game, even though it may be for different reasons. Perhaps the conferences here this week on the ‘wheat question will bring about an ad- Jjustment of the matter. * %ok % ‘Things are beginning to warm up politically in Missouri, particularly in connection with the race for the Sen- ate next year. didate to succeed himself. Already a number of Democrats are ready to slep Senator Harry Hawes has announced he will not be. a can- | resentative Dyer of 4 per cent beer fame: | Clark; Charles M. Howell, chairman of the State Democratic Committee, both looked upon as wets, and Charles M. ho ran for the Senate in 1928, a g . Senator “Jim” Reed has not yet showed any signs of wishing to come again to the Senate. On the Republican, side there is tion as to whether Dwight W. Davis, now gov- ernor general in the Phillipines, may not be drafted to “make the race for the Senate next year. His chances, it is sald, would be good, if he became the Republican nominee. Other Re- |ingly in favor of a republic. it than thoed of half a century ago. Meanwhile. the exiled Alfonso will look on, if not in.” e o ox “The election demonstrated the in- herent strergih of the Spanish char- acter” as viewed by the Houston Chronicle. which says as 1o the effect of the voting: “The republic lives. but it will continue to exist as a constitu- tional organism as far removed from the dictatorship of Stalin as it is from the dictatorship of Mussolini. It would be perhaps apt to term the new regim in Spain ‘moderate’ above all things moderate in its aspirations, in leadership, in the very revolution which brought it into being. Some leader of the middle class element. Alejandro Lerroux. if not Alcala Zamora. will be chosen permanent President. The gov~ ernment of Spain today is in the hands of the intellectual liberals, the profes- sional men who engineered the spiritual revoit from the iron-clad domination of Primo de Rivera. And it will re- main in their hands beyond a doubt. ‘The lunatic fringe of radicals which is ever present on the left wing of revolution remains impotent.” Remarking that the people of Spain “have become imbued with the idea of a self-determining government for that country.” the Madison Wisconsin State Journal points out that “even the aged and bedridden managed in some way to get to the polls to express their desire for a government free from monarchial control.” The Davenport. Democrat emphasizes the current belief in the “passing of all monarchies,” and the Kansas City Times sees “no com- fort for other precarious monarchs of Europe.” * ¥ “They have some problems which will take years to solve, but they are tack- ling them in & businesslike manner” avers the Lincoln State Journal, while the St. Louis Post-Dispatch thinks the election results “promise the careful procedure in which the republic's lite seems to depend.” The Chattanooga News states that it is refreshing to see that Spain has taken on new life” and the moderate nature of the new regime is impressive to the Duluth Herald and the Chattancoga Times. ‘The Provi- dence Journal finds evidence that “the new order of things” is approved by “an overwhelming majority of the people.” “The moderate policies of the pro- visional government will be followed in a general way,” states the Louisville Courier-Journal. That paper offers the appraisal of the results achieved by the leaders: “The elections have left no doubt that the people are overwhelm- And- by { returning & majority for the Repub- lican-Socialist coalition they have put the stamp of approval on the course pursued by the provisional government. But the people have been guided in this first parliamentary election in seven years more by personalities than by political principles. This has accounted for the victory at the polls of such differing individuals as Ramon Franco, almost & Communist in his views; Col. Macia, the fiery Catalan leader, and Jose Sanchez Guerra, former premier and admitted monarchist, though op- posing the return of Alfonso. Such an assortment of popular leaders will no doubt make the task of determining the character of the republic and of formulating a constitution a difficult undertaking.” The Cleveland News advises that unism and corruption from with- in are foes which the newly launched government of the people in Spain must face.” This Much Is Certain. publicans mentioned in connection with the nomination are Gov. Caulfield, Rep- former Representative Newton, and Mayor Victor J. Miller of St. Louls. From the Pasadena Star-News. When tourists visit th> California “Big Trees” can't carry the trees away as souvs